Document mXJvK9na120xXO7aekRDLpXQ

412-434-3542 (Maxine Transportation) May 17, 1974 File: 295 Capt. Charles H. Erikson General Manager (American) Hendy International Company 612 South Flower Street Los Angeles, Calif. 90017 Dear Chuck: Attached for your information is a copy of the newly proposed standard for vinyl chloride which was published in the Federal Register on Friday, May 10, 1974. You will note that the proposed permanent standard is much more stringent than the temporary standard of 50 ppm maximum which was issued April 5, 1974. Very truly yours, amw Attach. bcc; Z. Bell M. Petruccelli J. F. Knott L. F. Sargert J. B. Seaton __~?F. J. Trunzo Wilif^am^L. Hammond, Manager Marine Transportation SL 092282 12-434-354?. (Marine Transportation) Hay 17, 1974 File: 295 Hr. Louis D. Oakman, Manager Multinational Gas and Petrochemical Services Ltd. 439 - Fifth Avenue -- Room 1500 New York, New York 10017 Dear Lou: Attached for your information is a copy of tne newly proposed standard for Vinyl Chloride which was published in the Federal Register on Eriday, Ilay 10, 1974. You will note that the proposed permanent standard is much more stringent than the temporary standard of 50 ppra maximum which was issued April 5, 1974, Very truly yours, amw Attach. bcc: Z. Bell M. Petruccelli L. F. Sargert F. J, Trunzo J. B,, Seaton J. F. Knott William L, Hammond, Manager Marine Transportation SL 092283 s NDUS1RILS PPG INDUSTRIES, INC./ONE GATEWAY CENTER/PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA 15222/AREA 412/4 34-3578 Distribution Department industrial Chemical Division May 15, 1974 Mr. William B. Packer President Mantua Chemical Terminal, Inc. P.O. Box 1100 Paulsboro, New Jersey 08066 Dear Bill: Attached for your information is a copy of the newly proposed standard for Vinyl Chloride which was published in the Federal Register on Friday, May 10, 1974. You will note that the proposed permanent standard is much more stringent than the temporary standard of 50 ppm maximum which was issued April 5, 1974 ly yours, MP/dab Attachment cc: Mr. G. T. Barton Mr. F. T. DeWoody bcci J. F. Knott Z. G. Bll J. Trun*o L. 7. Sargert M. Petruccelli Manager, Distribution Operations -* SL 092284 ir,R96 PROF'i'SED RULES <t> The Deputy Administrator, Vet have been occui 'tionaJly related As a erinary Services, upon request to him, result of this no1 ;ioation and atler con may approve other Identification systems sultation with Llv National Instltule lor m specific cases and under such condl- Occupational ' rifely mid Health nonx as he may prescribe if lie deter (NIOBID , mid a joint Inspection of (be mines that such systems pioviric the plant by OSHA, NIOSH, and Hie Ken necessary infoimation to allow fur trace- tucky Dcpaitn.cn' of Labor, a fact-find back of the swine to their herd of ougin. ing hearing on p-xisiblc hazards Involved Anv person who wishes to submit w 111- with tlie manufacture and use of vc len data, views or arguments concerning was announced on January 30, 1974 bio the proposed amendment may do so by FR 38741 and held or. Februai v 15, 1971 filing them with Deputy Administiator. 2 CtircmoQcnn ity o! V'C In foi mat inn Vciennary .Services, Animal and Plant produced at tins hearing demonsl rated Health Inspection Service, U,S. Depai L- (.hat exposure of laboratoiy animals ment of Agncultuic. HyalLsville, M.ny- i mostly Sprague-Da wley rats' to VC bv l.-md 207112 before August 12, 1074. inhalation at and below tlie then current All written submissions made pursuant OSHA standaid of 500 ppm induced to IhLs notice will be made available for tumors, including angiosarcomas of the public Inspection at the Federal Build ing, 6505 Belcrest Road, Room 870, Ilyattsvillc, Maryland 20782, during reg ular hours of business (8 am, to 4:30 p.m,, Monday to Friday, except holidays) in a manner convenient to the public business (7 CFR 1.27(b)). Comments submitted should bear a reference to the date and page number of this Issue in the Federal Recister, liver. Professor Ccsare Multonl, of the Instltuto dl Oncologia, Bologna, Italy, reported on a series of experiments on tile effect of exposure of rats, mice, and hamsters to VC at conccnl rations of 10.000: 0.000; 2,500; 500: 250; and 50 ppm for varying periods of time (TR43-03). Some of the experiments have been concluded, and others arc still on going The experimental results reported Done at Washington, D.C., this 7th day of May 1974. Pierre A. Ciialoux, Acting Deputy Administrator, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. were that tumors have been observed 111 groups of animals exposed to VC at con centrations as low as 250 ppm No tumors were observed In the group of animals exposed to VC at a concentration of 50 ppm. It also appears that the total num ber of tumors, as well as the numbers of angiosarcomas of the liver, decreased |FR Doc.74-10882 Filed 5-3-74,8 45 am] as the concentrations of VC were reduced to 250 ppm. Another experiment by Pro- DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Occupational Safety and Health Administration ' fessor Maltonl was -reported underway involving the exposure of 300 animals to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm, m order to assess in a more definitive way [ 29 CFR Part 1910 ] whether that level of exposure produces 1 Docket OSH-3G | tumors in animals. Data reported by Torkelson, Oycn and Rowe i American VINYL CHLORIDE Industrial Hygiene Association J 22: 254- Proposed Standard 1. Background. Vinyl chloride (cliloroethene) Chemical Abstracts Seivice Registry No. 75015, is a synthetic chemi cal made by oxychlormation of ethylene or by hydrochlorination of acetylene. It Is the parent compound of a series ol thcmoplastic resin polymers and co polymers which arc widely used lor con tainers. wrapping film, electrical insulalion. pipe, conduit, and a variety of other products Vinyl chloride has been made commercially in this country since 1039 and present production is in excess of seven billion pounds per year. 361 (1961)) indicate that exposure (o VC at concentrations of 50 ppm failed to induce tumors in rats, hamsters, rabbits, and dogs. The employees of the B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company who died from angio sarcoma of the liver had an avciagc ex posure of approximately 19 years to vinyl chloride, at unknown concentrations, and variable exposures to oilier volatile chemicals, (TR 93). Some employees of Union Carbide, Fncstone Tire and Rub ber, and Goodyear were also repotted in post-hcanng comments to have had ex posure to vinyl chloride and to have died from angiosarcoma of the liver. Finally, Vinyl chloride (VC) is a gas at am autopsies of four deceased employers re bient temperature and pressure and is a vealed their liver angiosarcoma tumors chlorinated hydrocarbon which has were lusLologically indistinguishable moderate liver toxicity. The previous from the angiosarcoma tumors obscivcd standard set a ceiling value of 500 parts m Professor Maltoni's cxpeninciit.il per million (ppm) (29 CFR 1910,93, Tabic animals. G-l), 3. The Emergency Temporal y Stand On January 22, 1974, the Occupational ard. On the basis of all Information Safety and Health Administration available at that time, and the fact that <OSHA) was infoimed by tlie National employees were being exposed at levels Institute for Occupational Sufety and around the experimentally obscivcd ef Health (NIOSH) that the B. F. Good fect level of 250 ppm. an Emergency rich Chemical Company reported that Temporary Standard (ETS) was promul deaths of several of its employees from gated on April 5, 1974 (39 FR 12342' as a rare liver cancer (angiosarcoma) may 29 CFR 1910.93q This standard ieduced the level from a celling of 500 ppm to 50 ppm rolling. It was expressly recognized that tills standard limiting exposuies to a 50 ppm level wies intended to be a ten tative, inlerim siiindaid, to be in efToi t no longer than mx monliis, dunng whicn tunc Hie whole question of possible sale exposure to VC would be rccnnsideied inoic fully and in tlie light of uioie in formation, especially icsults of exptiilucnt.s which weic known to be undciw av at that time, 4. Additional information On Apid 15, 1974, information and data were mesented to i cprexentatives of OSHA, NlOHIl and tile KPA bv the Industn.il Bio-Test Laboiatoi ms, NoilhluooK. Illi nois, concerning results of antmal ex posure studies with VC, sponsoied by tlie Manufacturing Chemists Association (MCA). Although only preliminary In nature, these results icvcalcd llial 2 out of 200 mice exposed to VC conccnii aliens of 50 ppm for 7 hours a day, five days u week, for approximately 7 months, de veloped angiosarcomas of the liver. The Industrial Blo-Tcst Lab data in dicate that exposure to VC at 50 ppm may well constitute a serious health haz ard Iki employees. Also, the question of a safe level of exposure for humans can not be determined at this time, and mey continue as a matter for scientific de liberation for many years. We thcicfore conclude that it Is now necessary to piopose to change the 00 ppm level estab lished in the UTS to as low a level ax ran be detected using methodologies oui lined in this pioposal. (5) The proposed permanent standard. The requirements for a complete stand ard under section 6(b) of the Occupa tional Safety and Health AcL of 1970 arc much more comiurhensive thnn the provisions of the ETS promulgated on April 5, The following proposals aie re sponsive to tiic additional information on I lie carcinogenicity of VC, and the requirements of tlie Act. A Level of exposure. The p.oposcd standard for employee exposure Is set at no detectable level, as determined by a sampling and analytical method capable of detecting vinyl chloride at concentra tions of 1 ppm with an accuracy of 1 DtftnTiO percent. Although more scn..iUvc methods may be available now oi in the future, the methodological sensitivity pinposcd appears to be the most feasible and generally available. A method of 1 ppm sensitivity lias been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH. To minimize tlie numbci of pci suns at risk, a roqunement. would be established for icgulating aicas where vinyl chloudc is manufac tured, leaded, stmed, handled, released, repackaged, or used, including opeiaLlons with irolyvmyl clilondc containing delectable levels of vinyl chloride. Access to tlie areas would be limited to author ized employees. B Monitoring. A program of moniLormg would be required to establish whether there are delectable levels m regulated areas and to permit dclerinina- luin of employee exposures on an in dividual hosts Provision would also be FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 19/4 SL 092285 PROPOSED RULES 1M!)7 made for an opportunity to observe monitoring by employees or their desig nated representatives, as requned by sec tion Bin (3) of the Act. C. Control methods Where detectable levels of VC are monitored, two piograms would be triggeted: an engineer ing and work practice program to reduce levels below detectability: and while this Is on-going, a respiratory protection progi am for employees in the regulated aiea. Fngineenng controls and woik prac tices are favored methods of compliance because they tend to avoid contamina tion of Lite ambient air In the woikplare. Accordingly, it Is proposed to require the institution of engineering contiols and of workpractice methods as soon as feasi ble. and to require the use of respuatois pending the institution of such controls, to supplement such controls where they are insufficient to reduce concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, in specified work situations, and in cases of emergency. The proposal foi continuous flow and pressure demand types of respirators is based on the rec ommendations of NIOSH, which lias ob served leakage through chemical car tridge respirators at high concentrations of VC. A requirement would also be estab lished for tire provision and use of pro tective clothing for employees in the reg ulated areas. The protective clothing would minimize skin contact with VC vapor, and would provide some measure of protection from splash of liquid in the event of a spill or rupture of equip ment. Food, beverages, and like producis would be prohibited in the regulated area. Written operational and emergency plans would be required, along with em ployee training in routine and emergency duties. Specific requirements would be established for emergency actions and for routine maintenance and decontami nation operations, including vessel entry, which are known to present particular hazards. The purposes of operational and emer gency plans and training are to apprise employees of the hazards to which they may be exposed, of the precautions they must take to avoid such hazards, and to rehearse employees in the procedures they must follow in emergencies. D. Medical surveillance. Comprehen sive requirements for employee medical examinations are proposed, Including necessary tests. Some additional guid ance is included for the convenience of physicians. The proposed requirements have been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH as reasonably appropriate to de tect liver dysfunction which may be in dicative of, or predisposing to, the de velopment of liver angiosarcomas. E. Records and reports. Records of monitoring, medical examinations, and cntiy to regulated aicns arc pioposed, with provision for access by appropriate OSHA and NIOSH officials. Specific pro visions for employee access to monitoring recoids arc Included, as well as the re quirement to furnish a copy of a niedu al rccoid to an empb" ce's physician on lire employee's request Establishments con ducting VC operations would be required to identify theimcives to OSHA, and Pi eport incidents (accidents) resulting in the iclcase of vinyl chloride Aceoi diuply. pur-uanl, to secliom 6< bi, fiic, and 81 c i of tile Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 I 84 Slat. 1593. 159G, 1599: 29 U.S.C. 655, 6571, Sceictaiy of Labor's O'dci No, 12-71 i3C FR 87541 and 29 CFll Part 1911, it is heicby pioposed to amend 29 CFR Part 1910 by revising 1910 93q ns set forth below. Written data, views, and arguments eonrenung the proposals may be mulled to the Docket Officer. Docket OSH-.ifi, Room 230, 1726 M Street. N W,, Occupa tional Safety and Health Administra tion, Washington, DC. 20210, post marked not later than June 10, 1974, Pursuant to 29 CFR 1911.11 (b) nnd (c>, interested persons may flic objec tions to tlie proposals, requesting an in formal hearing with respect thereto, in accordance with the following condi tions : (D The objections must include the name and address of the objector: (2) The objections must be post marked on or before June 10. 1974; (3i The objections must specify the provisions of the proposed rule to which objection Is taken, and must state the grounds therefor; (4) Each objection must be separately stated and numbered; and ! *5 > The objections must be accom panied by a summary of the evidence proposed to be adduced at the requested hearing. As revised, 5 1910.93q would read as follows: I *.H0.93i| Vinyl Chloride. la) Scope and application. U) This section applies to any area or operation in which vinyl chloride (chlorocthenc', Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No 75015. is manufactured, reacted, re leased, repackaged, stored, or used. In cluding areas and operations involving polyvinyl chloride where detectable levels of vinyl chloride are released, (21 This section docs not apply to the handling or use of fabricated products made entirely or in part of polyvinyl chloride ib' Definitions. (1) "Assistant Sccietary" means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Labor or his designee. <2i "Authorized employee" means an employee whose duties require him to be In the regulated area and who has been specifically assigned by the employer; and any employee who enters such an area as a designated representative of employees to exercise an opportunity to observe monitoring and measuring of vinyl chloride. (3i Closed container" means anv container wlilch prevents the release of vinyl chloride to the environment. (4t "Contaminated" means capnble of releasing a detectable level of vinyl chloride Hi > "Decontamination" means reduc tion of vinyl chloride concentrations to less than delectable levels, ifii "Detectable level" means an air borne concentration of vinyl chloudc measuiable by a sampling and analytical method capable of measuring concent aUous of 1 ppm, with an accuracy of l ppm ` 50 percent, 17 > "Du ecl.or" means the Director. Na tionul Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, or any person directed by lam or the Secretary of Health. Educa tion. and Welfare to act for the Director. (81 "Emergency" means an unioiscen circumsLance or set of cli cumstanres, icsulLing hi the release of vinyl chlorine into areas occupied by employees, (9> "Exposure" means actual contact with vinyl chloride when unprotected by required personal protective equipment and clothing. (10) "Fabricated product" means a finished product or part of such pioduct, made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or in part. Including semifinished products such as film, sheet, block, bar, or extru sion slock. (111 "OSHA Area Director" means the Director for the Occupational Snfcly and Health Administration Area Office hav ing jurisdiction over the geographic area in which the establishment is located. M2' "Folvvlnyl chloride" means poly vinyl chloride homopolymer or ropolymer before such is converted to a fab ricated pioduct. il3i "Protective clothing" means clothing protective against vinyl chlo ric!". (141 "Vinyl chloride" means vinyl chloride monomer. (15) "Wnstc resin" means any resin or other reaction products removed in the cleaning of equipment, such as ves sels and piping. (c Rcferenrr College of American Pathologists, 230 N, Michigan Ave , Chi cago, Illinois 60C01. (4) Rcanlatcd areas. (1) A regulated area shall be established where (1) vinyl chloride is manufactured, reacted, re leased. repackaged, stored, or used: or <h) polyvinyl chloride capable of re leasing detcctahle levels of vinyl chlo ride Is manufactured, reacted, released repackaged, stored, or used. <2' Access to regulated areas shall be limiled to authorized employees. (3> A daily roster of employees enter ing regulated areas shall be made and maintained The rosters, or summaries thereof, shall be kept , for at least 20 years. <e) Monilorinn. (1) Every regulated area shall be monitored for detectable levels of vinyl chloride. (2) The monitoring shall assure that any exposure may be determined for each authorized employee with a confi dence level of 95 percent. (3) Employees or their designated rep resentatives shall be nflorded an oppor tunity to observe monitoring and measur ing required by ihis paragraph. (Ii Where exercise of an opportunity lcquiros entry to an area where the use No D2--rt. I-------10 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 SL 092286 KkVjK PROPOS'D RULES of piotectivc clothing. equipment, fa- 12) There slial be lesis made for dlitics. or procedures is lemurcd. such process or cqulpim i L leaks and for emis i lot )isnpr, equipment, facilities, and pro sion of vinyl chloiulc which may resuh cedures shall be provided to all persons from workpraciici . The frauumey of mulled to exercise tile opportunity, tit no these tests shall be Mich as to insura the end, to any of them, Integrity of cquiptn -nt and adheicnee to 'in Pci,sons exercising the oppoitu- proper wmkpiaclic ss, isi(,y shall be Instructed icgaiduig: 'pi Resjiu utory 'iroteitwn (1) A ;es- 'A i Tlie toxicity and fire l.az.aid of piiatory protection program in aecoid- i nr, 1 chloride; and anre with 5 1910 13 1 shall be established iD) The protective steps and measures and implemented ".lieu' resphatois ojc nccessaiy for their pi olecuon, required to be used by this necliou mu) Observers shall be permitted, v, about interference to the persons ju rfoiming the monitoring and measuring, to <A) Observe all steps and procedural ielated to the collecting, processing, and evaluation of particular monitoring and measurement samples, <B> Record quantities and results obtained; (C) Observe the condition of monitor ing and measuring equipment; 121 Respirators dial! be used only in rases of emcigency and wheie inquired by any other piovision of this section Respirators may not be used in lieu of feasible cngmecilng controls or woikpraelice methods. (3) Respirators or combinations of respirators for protection against vinyl chloride shall be selected from among the following; til A positive pressure full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus; Dll A pressure-demand full facepiece (D) Receive a demonstration of the self-contained bieatlrlng apparatus op calibration and function tests of the erating in the pressure-demand mode; monitoring and measuring equipment (in) A Combination type "C" prcssuie- performed onsite; and demand full facepiece respirator oper <E> Examine instructions and docu ating in the pressure-demand mode and ments related to tiie procedures and a pressure-demand self-contained equipment for monitoring and measur breathing apparatus operating in the ing. pressure-demand mode; or (4) Accurate and complete records of (iv) A combination type "C" continu all required monitoring shall be made ous flow respirator and a pie.ssure- and maintained for not less than 20 dernand self-contained breathing ap years Such a record shall (i) state the paratus operating in the pressui c-de- date of such monitoring and the levels itnand mode. determined; and (it) identify tiie Instill (In Protective clothing. (J) Employees ments and methods used. entering regulated areas shall be pro (f) Engineering controls ant! icoik- vided full-body protective clothing, foot practicc methods. (1) Where detectable wear or shoe covers, nnd gloves, at no levels of vinyl chloride arc measured, cost to them, and required to wear it immediate protection shall be provided while In the regulated area against exposure to Vinyl chloride by the (2) Where polyvinyl chloride powder use of engineering conti ols, workpractice containing detectable levels of vinyl methods, and respirators as follows- chloride Is handled, employees shall (i) Feasible engineering controls and also be. workpractice methods shall immediately f|> Provided and rcquiicd to wear be used to reduce all borne concentra tions of vinyl chloride below the detect able level; 0)) Wherever feasible engineering controls and workpractice methods which can be instituted immediately are not sufficient to redure concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, they shall nonetheless be used to reduce the concentrations to the lowest, prac ticable level, and shall be supplemented by means of respirators in accordance with paragraph ig> of this section; headcoverlngs; (11) Required to remove all protective clothing at each exit from the regulated area; and iiD Required to shower after the last exit of tho day. <3' Clean protective clothing shall be provided whenever contaminated or soiled, but not less fiequenlly than weekly. Contaminated clothing shall lie decontaminated before icusc by removal for laundering or disposal. <iii) Wherever no feasible engineering control or workpractice method can be instituted immediately, immediate res piratory protection shall be provided In accordance with paragraph igi of this section; and <iv 1 In any case covered by paragraph if HI) ill) or i id) of tills section, the employer shall also undertake as soon as practicable a piogram to reduce airborne concentrations of vinyl chloride below lbs detectable level, or to the greatest evlciit lensdile, solelv bv means of cnglm-ci inr; controls and win kprartlrc meth ods and as soon as feasible d> Hygiene lar.ilitics and practices, 11 > Where employees arc required by this section to wear protective clothing and equipment, change rooms shall be provided m accordance with 5 1910.141(c). (2) Where employees are inquired by this section to shower, shower facilities shall be provided in accordance with $ 1910.141U1' (3). (3) Storage or consumption of food or beverages, storage or use of smoking or non-food chewing products, and the storage or application of cosmetics nrc prohibited in regulated areas. ' 11 Finntjeneu situations. (1) A swif ten operational plan for emergency Munitions shall be developed for caeli i cgul.itt ij area. (2) In the event of an emcigcney. nppi ululate portions of the plan shall be put inLo opci otlon. in JIu/nidons conditions nrated liv the pineit'ency shall be eliminated i.:;d the filler ted area shall tic decontami nated prior to the lcsumplion of noimal opei a t inn i. mi Special medical suivelllance by ft physician shall be Instituted within 24liours for employees present in the af1 or tod area at t lie time of the emergency, uui Where an employee lifts a known contact with liquid vinyl chlonde men employee shall be icquhed to shower as soon as possible, unless contraindicated by physical injuiies, (lv) An Incident report on the emer gency shall be reported as requhed In paragraph (q (2) of tills section. (3) Each authorised employee shall bo trained In a program relating to the hazards of vinyl chloi Ide and the pre cautions for safe use. U) The program shall include: (A) The nature of the fire hazard, and the necessary protective steps: (ID Tire nature of the toxic hazard, including local and systemic effects, acuto nnd chronic effects including specifically the carcinogenic hazard; (C) The specific nature of operations which could result in cxpobiire to vinyl chloride, and necessary piotcctlvc steps; (D) Tiie purpose for and application of the medical surveillance program: (E> The puipose for and application of decontamination practices; lb') The purpose foi and significance of emergency practices and procedures: <G> The employee's specific role under normal operating or emergency condi tions; <JD Specific Information to aid the employee In recognition and evaluation of conditions and situations which may result In the release of vinyl chloi lde, (1) The purpose for and application of specific first aid procedures and prac tices; <J> A review of this standard at ihe employee's first training and tpdocfrlnatlon program and annually thereafter. Mi' All materials relating to the piogiam shall be provided upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant. Secretary and the Director. tk) Signs and labels (1 > Entrances to regulated areas shall be posted with signs bearing the legend: CANCEK-HUKPFCT ACil.NT AREiA AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY i2> Areas containing operations covcml in paragraph (k) 11) (4 i of this seclion shall be posted with signs beaiing Iho legend. CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT IN THIS AREA FUEL IMPERVIOUS AIR-SUPPLIED EQUIP MENT REQUIRED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY (3) Containers of waste or oilier ma terials contaminated with vinyl chloride shall bo labeled: FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRI0AV, MAV |0, 1974 SL 092287 PROcOSED RULES K.SOO VINYL CHLORIDE CONTAM1 -ED MATERIAL CANCER-5UBPKCT AOLN V DINPObE OF OR DECONTAMINATE USING AUTHORIZED PR EC ED UR EH (41 Containers of polyvinyl (.-blonde containing detectable levels ot vinyl chloride shall be labeled. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE CONTAINS VINYL CHLORIDE VINYL CHLORIDE IS A CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT ABSORBED BY BREATHING AND THROUGH SKIN <5i Containers ot vinyl cUlonde shall be labeled: VINYL CHLORIDE DANGER EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE OAS UNDER PRESSURE MAY POLYMERIZE WITH EXPLOSIVE FORCE POISON CANCER SUSPECT AGENT AND ANESTHETIC ABSORBED BY BREATHING AND THROUGH SKIN (6) No statement shall appear on or near any required sign, label or instruc tion, which contradicts or detracts from the effect of any required warning, In formation or instruction. (1) Maintenance and decon/nimutifion. (1) Emphasis shall be placed upon immediate clean up of spills, periodic in spection, prompt repair ot equipment and leaks, and proper handling, storage and disposal or decontamination of materials to prevent airborne contamination and accidental skin contact with vinyl chlo ride. Waste materials, equipment, and other sources of vinyl chloride in closed containers, may not lie placed in areas of excessive temperature or sunlight since build-up of internal prcs.suic may result In rupture of the container, file or explosion. <2> Waste resins or other matciinls contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be placed in dosed containers pending dis posal or decontamination. (3) Appropriate procedures shall he developed and implemented for the de contamination or disposal of all such waste material. (4) In maintenance or repair opera tions on contaminated--systems or equipment, including vessel entry, em ployees engaged in such operation;, shall be tit piovided with and required to wear and use a whole-body an-supplied suit Impervious to vinyl chloride, and a respirator m accoidance with paragraph (g) of'this section; and (n) required to shower after removing protective equip ment. <5> Protective clothing and equipment shall be clean and dry for each use. <G) When vessels or piping systems ;u c opened local exhaust vcnLll.it ion shall be provided to lemovo the escaping vapor from nil occupied ureas. <71 <1) Vessels to be enlei ed slmll first be ventilated and monitored so that tire concentration of vinyl chloride is reduced to a level within the protection factor capability of the protective equipment. 'id When v' "Is are to he entered ,.n piping to such -. i sscl shall be: i A) Opened, b' mked and tagged, oi < B> Where welded piping is in use not less than 2 valve1 in series, which isolate the vessel troin any other connection to such line, must lie closed and seemed (111 i No cmplo ee shall entci a \ csscl except when another rmplovee pioprdv tunned and equipped foi entiv n. pic ent and is observing the employer in the vessel Tile obsnver shall have means for signalling foi help In the event the employee experiences problems Under surli conditions, the obscivev shall Me ns! for help, and shall not enter to assist the employee until another poison is present to observe um Transpot tation loading and un loading. (1) Facilities for the loading and unloading of vlnvl chloride to and from containers shall have carh transfer line ar.d vapor-equalizing line equipped with vent connections, and shall have an inert gas purging system, Vent and purge effluent shall be returned to a proc ess stream or flared In a safe location, <2> Procedures shall be developed and Implemented for the transfer of vinyl chloiide. Written copies of surli proce dures shall be provided employees en gaged in such operations, and such em ployees shall be fully trained mid re hearsed m all procedures. (3> Employees engaged in transfer op eration:, shall be provided with and required to wear respirators m uccotdunce with paragraph (g) of this section, ui) Polymer handling operations. (1) Containers of polyvinyl chloride releas ing detectable levels of vinyl chloride shall be opened and transferred only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces Live concentration of vinyl chlo ride below the delectable level. <2i Hot opeintions, such as but, not limited to niillmg, calendering and ex truding, which release detectable levels of vinyl chloride, shall be carried on only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the eoncentiation of vinyl chlo ride below the detectable level. to) Medical surveillance. Not Inter than 1974, a program of medical surveillance shall lie insti tuted. and shall provide each authoir/.ed employee with an opportunity for ex aminations in accordance with tins para graph. All medical examinations and proceduies shall be performed by or under the supervision of a licensed Doctor of Medicine (MD> or Doctor of Osteopathy (DO). All medical examina tions and tests shall bo provided without cost to the employee. <11 At the time of Initial employment, or upon institution of screening, a phv.xlcarexamlnatlon shall be performed witli specific attention to detecting enlarge ment of liver or spleen by abdominal palpation. 12' At the time of initial employment or upon institution of screening, and an nually thereafter, a medical history checklist shall be completed by the em ployee. Tills list shall .Include questions concerning: 111 Alcotiol intake: mu Past history of hepatitis; miii rad, expoMiic to potential hepa- hitovic agents, Including diugs and rlinoic ah; mv i past hlstoiy of blood timisfu ions, and ' v i Past history of hospitalt/atinus 1 :t1 Al. the tunc of initial employment, ot upon mstitut ion of se lecnmg. a ' n imi .`.penmen shall be obtained for screening with i expect to the following bln-chninral dotei ruinations of liver function1 1 i i Total bilirubin; mi i Alkaline phosphatase; mim serum glutamic oxaiacetic traus- .'iinuia.se 'SCOT) ; uv Sciunr glutamic pvruvic trans aminase (SGPT); and ivi Gamma glustamyl lranspeptlda.se tOC.TPi, '41 Additional tests that may option ally be1 considered for use In screening Include: (i) Lactic dehydrogenase; (hi Scrum protein determinations; (hi) Serum protein electrophoresis: mid ' iv' PlaLelct count, (5)Laboratory analyses for all biologi cal specimens Included In medical exam inations shall be performed In Inborn tot ics accredited by the College of American Pat.holugists or licensed under 43 CFR Part 74. (6> If the results of screening requited in paragraph <oM3> ot this section ave normal, sciceiling shall be repeated: f 1 > Every six months for employer, who have been employed in vinyl chlo ride related operations lor 10 yem or more ; and Mu Annually for all oilier employees entering regulated areas (7) If one or more liver function tests performed are abnormal, scrum leM mg shall be repeated as soon ns passible, preferably within two to four weeks If no abnormalities are present upon rescrconnig, serum testing shall be re peated In three months. <8) If abnormalities persist upon rcsereemng, the employee shall be with drawn from areas where contact with vinyl chloride Is possible, and an individ ualized medical workshop shall be in stituted Suggested ns initial steps arc a complete physical examination and vari ous special procedures such ns hepatitis 13 anligen determination and liver scan ning if liver function abnoi mahtics are rlt'ieitinned to be unrelated to liver dis ease, the employee may be permitted to return to vinyl chloride-related employ ment, subject to individual medical evaluation. (!)) A complete and oremate recoid of the results of medical examinations .shall be made and maintained for the dura tion of employment plus five years, or for 20 years, whichever Is longer. (pi Records. (1) Records of monlloi- lug and measuring, mcdlcnl records, mid regulated area entry rosters and sum maries. shall be made available for ex amination and copying upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant Seci clary and the Director federal REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10 , 1974 SL 092288 Ifi'JOO PRO1 OSED RULES <2) In the event that the employer erases to do business and there Is no mic- lessor to receive and retain his records for tlie prescribed period, these records `hull be transmitted by registered niail to the Director, and each employee tndividuaily notified In writing of this (Secs. Gw), 6(c and the), 84 Si.aL isn.l. \m. 1539 (23 t C 055. 657) fVcrmuy or Labor s Order Pi 12.71 (3(1 lit 6754! ) Signed at Washington, DC. this Oth day of May, 197 1. Joirr 1 f x'pf.k. Assist rut Scc'cta'i/ <>/ l.nt'or. ronseivalivc limitation may no longei be applicable, the FAA has' msritufeil ,i i egulatory study project to reevaluate the limitation The study win Include the fartois originally consldeicd In estab lishing 111C Unutilt inn as w cl) os any nthn factoi s found to be pcitmcnt Those transfer. cj> Employees and their designated representatives shall be provided across to examine and copy records of monitor ing and measuring. <41 Former employees shall be pro vided acccs to examine and copy reroids icflectmg their own exposures <5) Upon written request of any em ployee, a copy of the medical record of such employee shall be furnished to a physician designated by the employee in such request. iq) Reports. (I) Not later than---------the following Information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director. Any change In such information shnll be reported to the OSHA Area Dnertor within 15 days of such change. (1) The address and location of each establishment which has one or more regulated areas: and (n) The number of employees in each regulated area during normal operations, including maintenance. (2) Incidents which result In the re lease of vinyl chloride into any area where employees may be exposed shall oc reported in accordance with this para graph. <n A report of the occurrence of Vhc incident and the facts obtainable at that time including a report on any medical treatment of affected employees shall be made within 24 hours to the OSHA Area Director. (11) A written report shall be filed with the OSHA Area Director within 15 calendar days thereafter and shall in clude; (A) A specification of the amount of material released: iB) A description of the area involved and the extent of known and potential employee exposure and area affected: (C> A report on any medical treat ment of affected employees and any medical surveillance program imple mented; and <D) An analysis of the circumstances of the incident, and measures taken or to be taken, with specific completion dates, to avoid further similar releases. 13) Upon completion of any momtoi mg [ f R Doe 74--10 110 Filed 5-1) -71 P 17 mu | DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration [ 14 CFR Part 25 ] f Doc Itpt No 13090, NoH( i1 7`1 -! ^ ! TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Type A Passenger Emergency Exit Capacity The FAA Is considering rule making to revise the passenger seating configura tion limit that Is applicable to Type A exits on transport category airplanes, flections 25 807(C) (2) and (.1) of the Federal Aviation Regulations iFAlts) currently provide that for each pair of Type A exits (consisting of one on each side of the fuselage) the aii plane may have a maximum passenger scaling con figuration of 100. This advance notice of proposed rule making is being Issued In accordance with the FAA's policy for early Institu tion of public proceedings in actions re lated to rule making An "advance" no tice is issued to Invite early public pai(icipatlon m the identification and se lection of a course or nlternalc courses of action with respect to a particular rule making problem. Interested persons are invited to par ticipate In the rule making by submitting such written data, views, or arguments as they may desire. Communications should Identify the regulatory docket or notice number and be submitted m duplicate to: Fedeial Aviation Administration, Of fice of the Chief Counsel, Attention: Rules Docket, AGC-24, 800 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC, 20591. Communications should be received on or bcfoie July 9, 1974; to assure proper consideration. All comments submitted will be available, both before and after the rlosing date for comments, for ex amination by interested pci sons. The regulatory provisions ielating to Type A exits that are contained m t 25 807 of the Federal Aviation Regulations wore adopted by Amendment 25-15, ef f,acini s originally considered Include pci tment evacuation tests and demolish.alinns, extenor slides, the number, loca tion. ami si/e of aisles and passageway mid evacuation system i('liability. Data ;unilable to the FAA on m-.scrviee evacuations, slide deployments, and evacuation demonstrations indicate that moie than 100 passengers have been evacuated through a Type A exit within 90 seconds. The data finthcr indicate that Type A exit systems may have higher in-service reliability than was an ticipated at the time the limitation was established In the regulations However, the FAA believes It Is important to re view all relevant data on safety and cost coiiMdci ations that may be applicable to any proposed change in the Type A exit passenger seating limitation. To tills end, the FAA solicits data, view's, and argu ments from all interested persons on the questions set forth below. Data support ing an answer should be submitted or Identified sufficiently that the FAA may obtain or develop It. 1. Do the data available on evacuation tests and In-service incidents that relate to the evacuation capacity of Type A exits under emergency conditions tndlcate that the 100 passenger limitations may safely be Increased? 2. What reliability has been demon strated for Type A exit systems by ,>,civire cxiverlcncc and tests? 3. What relationships may bg estab lished between reliability ami passenger emergency evacuation capability of Type A exits? 4. How would the emergency evacua tion capability of Type A exits be aifected by specific Increases In passenger seating capacity and by specific passen ger scutum configuration considerations? 5. If there arc other factors that should be considered, how should the rel evant data be related to the emergency evacuation capability of Type A exits? 6 If the commentator recommends specific passenger capacities for consid eration, what economic and safely bene fits or penalties would be associated with them? and mcasurmg which discloses that any fective October 24, 1967. That amend Issued m Washington, DC, on May 2, employee has actually been exposed to ment also established the provision, In 4074, detectable levels of vinyl chloride, each such employee shall be Individually noti fied ui writing. The notice shall: (i) Be delivered not later than 10 f 25 803(c). that manufacturers show tay demonstration that the maximum seat ing capacity of an airplane having a ca pacity of more than 44 passengers can bo evacuated to the ground within 90 C, n Mn.ur.iN. Jr, Actin') Director. Flight Standards Service. |rn Doc 74-10787 Filed 5-3-74:8 is imj working days after completion of the seconds, under conditions picscnbed in monitoring and measuring. in) State the actual exposure in teims of concentration and time; and dill State the steps which have been taken, arc being taken, and will be taken, with specific completion dates, t,o toimi tile regulation. As discussed in the pre amble to Amendment 25-15. the allow able passenger seating limit of 100 that was established for each pair of Type A exists was less than the evacuation ca pacity that had been demonstrated by test. As a result of receiving data find [14 CFR Part 39] [Docket No. 74-NW-4-AD 1 AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES Boeing Model 737-100/200 Series Airplanes nute the exposure and prevent a rcciir- Information tending to Indicate that The Federal Aviation Administration lcncc. some of the consldciatlons leading to the Is consldeiing amending I'.ut 39 of the FEDERAL REGISTER, VQL 39, NQ 91--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 SL 092289