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SC-BE-09180 preface This manual contains recommended roofing specifications and proce dures which are based on the many years of Koppers experience and ac cepted good roofing practice. They are intended to provide the architect, engineer, general contractor, and roofer with the proper information to plan and construct the best roof sys tems with the most time-proven ma terials available today. The availability of a Koppers surety bond or guarantee for roofing and flashing constructed according to the information contained in this manual under Koppers bond and guarantee procedure, and the publishing of these specifications and information shall not be construed as creating any warranty, expressed or implied, with regard to any roofing or flashing for which a bond or guarantee has not been issued. This roofing manual supersedes ail previous roofing manuals and litera ture published by Koppers. The specifications and details con tained in this manual have been de termined to cover the proper proce dure for long lasting roofing systems for most areas of our country. In certain locations, minor variations in details and specifications may be appropriate due to unusual local con ditions. such as wind, temperature, humidity, etc. To assure the best ap plication of the proper specifications and details for your area we recom mend you consult your Koppers rep resentative. Notice: This rooting specification manual contains the lataot and bast available information as derived from Koppers long experience in the roofing industry. The deelgn criteria end details contained herein have been complied and ara oflared as a guide for consideration to assist tha architact, ownsr and roofar fn an attampt to provide tha bast root possible lor long, troublefree service. Responsibility, however, for design ol any roofing system, remains with the architect or engineer and build ing owner. The contents of this manual are subject to change at the discretion of Koppers Company as future developments and axperianea ara achieved. INDEX Coal Tar Discussion Coal Tar Bitumen- Discussion Koppers Built-Up Roofing Material & Syatam Discussion Gsnaral Requirements A Special Conditions Application: Roofing Built-up Roof Spurifications _ deck construction Wood Plank/Plywood Poured Portland CemeQt Concrete Precast Structural Concrete Sections Gypsum (Poured and Plank) and Lightweight Insulating Concrete Metal Oecka (insulated) Water Cooled Roofs and Water Retaining Roofs Wood Fiber no. of plies 3 4 4 3 4 3 S 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 Roof Application over Dycon Concrete1) deck substrata Steel Centering Structural Concrete Formboard & Bulb Taos Koppars Multipurpose Membrano (KMM)W Flashing Specifications Plashing Details Bonded A Guaranteed Roofing Program 4 3 4 3 4 3 (t) Also see Swoon 3.4/Kop (2) Also see Swoot's 7.1 /Kop PAGE NO. 3 3 4 5-3 7 basic spec. no. 1 2 5 7 10 11 12 13 17 18 23 24 27 28 8 10 11 12 13 14 50 15-16 51 60 15-16 61 70 15-16 71 18-19 20-21 22-25 28-27 Coal Tar z'-' Tar is a vary familiar word, however, it has different meanings for different people. To many it is any black liquid adhesive or plastic substance; how ever, it is much more than this. It is a hydrocarbon, meaning it is composed primarily of carbon and hydogen and is therefore an organic compound. Tar is obtained from the "destructive dis tillation" of coal, primarily bituminous. This means when coal is heated to very high temperatures without con tact with air (thus not allowing the combustion of coal and its deriva tives) the coal molecules in effect are "cracked" into small molecules (gas), medium molecules (tar), and coke. We see, therefore that the more proper term is coai tar. Coal tar, through further distillation processes, is refined and separated into products of great commercial use fulness and value: PITCHES OR BITUMENS-of vari ous consistencies such as roofing material, waterproofing products, protective coatings for metals, masonry, etc. CREOSOTE--for wood preserving. CHEMICAL OILS--for use in the manufacture of drugs, dyes, paints, varnishes, cosmetics, plas tics, synthetic rubber, etc. Coal tar is indeed a vital and valuable product.that produces.materials for many industries in our world of today. KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Coal Tar _B_ .i,tumen Architectural and A very valuable tar derivative used in the Roofing/Waterproofing industry is Coal Tar Bitumen. Its value is found in its superb water and corrosive re sistance qualities. Coal Tar Bitumen also performs as an excellent adhe sive when used in adhering tarred roofing felts together in built-up roof ing. ifiese qualities are due to the unique properties that are endowed to Coal Tar Roofing Bitumen by nature. Without going into a highly technical chemical analysis, it can be most sim ply stated that Coal Tar Bitumen is a balanced organic compound using the Benzene Ring Molecule as its major building block. This molecule is illus trated at the right, the atoms of the Benzene Ring Molecule. Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) have a very strong molecular attraction or bond one to another which will not allow a water molecule to form and therefore be ab sorbed into the bitumen. Coal Tar Bitumen systems are inher ently resistant to molecular penetra tion by water. Coal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Roofing Systems are nature's own balanced answer to waterproofing and chemical resistance, especially to water and water-borne chemicals. 3 Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Roofing Materials and System Discussion Description Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen built-up roofing systems consist of alternate layers of Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen and Koppers tarred felt, surfaced with a heavy top pouring of Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen into which is embedded an aggregate. Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen built-up roofing systems are used whenever a roof is exposed to water and/or cor rosion, and on all level or low sloped roofs where long, maintenance-free service is required. Features Coal Tar Bitumen built-up roofing pro vides one of the most durable roofing systems known due to its inherent superior waterproofing and weather ing characteristics. This is THE time proven roofing system for level and low sloped roofs. Coal Tar Bitumen provides numerous advantages to an owner, however, the superior performance of coal tar roof ing systems in the areas listed below make coal tar roofing systems unique in the roofing industry. 1. Coal Tar Bitumen has natural re sistance to water, air and water vapor penetration. A tight molecular structure enables Coal Tar Bitumen to withstand water penetration and resist oxidation of the roof surface. 2. Another unique feature of coal tar roofing is its self-healing ability. Aliigatorlng and hairline cracks com mon to most materials, eventually cause damage to the roofing mem brane. Coal Tar Bitumen has a prop erty known as "cold flow1' which automatically corrects these condi tions before serious damage takes place. This "cold flow" feature heals small mechanical fractures at normal temperatures. 3. Application improvements. Because Koppers has expertise in the chemistry of aromatic coal tars. Coal Tar Bitumen was developed with the beneficial features of low fume evo lution at application temperatures, thus reducing potential irritation dur ing application. These features represent significant improvements which are In consort with the alms of government, labor, and industry in the areas of reduced air pollution and improved worker conditions. Uses 1. Ail 'dead' level roofs. 2. All water cooled roofs. 3. Low sloped roofs with occasional ponding. 4. Low sloped roofs with retarded drainage. 5. All buildings with level or low sloped roofs that are built tor long service life. Slopes Koppers recommends that the maxi mum roof slope be one-half (ft) inch per foot for all built-up Coal Tar Bitu men roof systems. Koppers does, however, permit slopes up to two (2) Inches per foot at flashings that in corporate tapered cants and for short run crickets or saddles for drainage, provided there Is adequate back nail ing, and these crickets or saddles do not cover more than 15% of the roof area. All felts must be backnailed on slopes one-half (ft), inch per foot or more. For recommendations on roofing pro cedures for slopes over ft inch per foot consult your Koppers represen tative. . Underwriters Laboratories Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Build ing Materials Directory, Guide No. (360018) TFJK-Bullt-Up Roof Covering Materials Lists Koppers Coal Tar Bitu men and tarred felts for use in con struction of Class A and B built-up roof coverings. Additional References: Roof Deck Constructions are listed under U. L Guide No. (380 RO) TGKX. Roof deck construction materials, such as vapor barriers, insulations, and adhesivss are listed under U. L Guide No. (360 R13) TGYV. Bonds/Guarantees Koppers Bonds/Guarantees are avail able for 5, 10, 15, and 20 year terms. Roof bonds/guarantees cover ONLY the built-up roofing and flashing mem brane. For further details, please refer to Page 26 and 27 of this manual. Coal Tar Bitumen Property Water Specific Gravity . 77/77 F (25/25C) Softening Point (Cube-in-Water Method) Rash Point (Cleveland Open Cup) Total Bitumen Soluble In Carbon Disulfide, percent Distillation Test Total Distillate by weight, given in percent: -- 0 to 315C (32 to 599F) -- 0 to 360C (32 to 680F) Method of Test ASTMD-95 ASTM D-70 ASTM D-61 ASTM D-92 ASTMD-4 ASTM D-20 Physical Properties Requirements -01.22 Min. 1.34 Max. 147F-162F 248F Min. (120C) 72 Min. 85 Max. 0.0 Max. 5.0 Max. 4 General Requirements and Special Conditions KOPPERS 71 ko Architectural and Construction Materials Root Structure System In any building the parformanca of tha Built-Up Roofing will- ba affactad to soma dagraa by all of tha parts of tha roof struc ture systam as wall as tha Insida and out side atmospheric environment. Each com ponent should ba investigated for its com patibility with each of tha others. Tha roof structure systam may include any or all of the following: Outside Air Conditions Roofing Systam Peripheral Details (Flashings) Insulation (if present) Vapor Barrier (It present) Structural Deck including sub purlins (supports) Structural Framing Air Space (if present) Ceiling (if present) Interior Air Conditions You will find information in this manual pertaining to materials and application methods other than tor built-up roofing. They are offered to assist the designer in /-- establishing their normal position in the roof structure system. They should not be . construed as part of the built-up roofing system, as endorsement, nor as part of the designated specifications other than to establish a suitable roofing base in the roof structure system. The proper design, specification and posi tioning of the various components of the roof structure system is the responsibility of the building owner or his designer. Any subsequent failures, due to either the in stallation or lack of Installation will not be Koppers responsibility. attachments vertically and laterally, and the selection of the deck material and construction details including their ability to contain bitumens. (KOPPERS WILL NOTASSUME RESPONSI BILITY FOR DECK DEFECTS ON KOPPERS ROOFS. OR BITUMEN SEEPAGE.) The placing of conduits, bolt heads, etc., above the roof deck and below the roofing membrane is not recommended. All projections or openings in the deck should be completed prior to the applica tion of the roofing. Optimum adhesion to the deck is neces sary for good roof performance. Where Koppers Bitumen or steep asphalt is used for'adhesion. questionable decks may be tested for dryness and adhesion by pouring one pint of the bitumen, heated to applica tion temperature, over a representative area or areas of the deck. The deck is not satisfactory if the bitumen foams or bub bles, or upon coaling to ambient tempera ture may be stripped clean of the deck. Conditions of surface to Receive Roofing All surfaces must be dry, reasonably smooth, clean, rigid and free from debris, loose materials, projections and holes which might cause rupture of the mem branes. Metal Decks: Decks of this type must also be free from loose rust and oily sub stances. Deflection should not exceed 1/240 of the clear span and conform to Factory Mutual requirements. Decks The deck is the base over which the builtup roofing, or insulation and built-up root ing Is applied. Where the term deck is used in this manual without reference to insula tion. It shall designate the surface over which roofing is to be applied. All decks shall be clean, smooth, dry, rigid and free of debris. Any deck defect shall be cor rected before application of roofing. All decks shall be installed in accordance with the deck manufacturer's specifica tions and shall be in compliance with Koppers General Requirements. In approving any deck as satisfactory to receive a Koppers roof, only the deck sur face is accepted. It is the responsibility of the building designer and the deck man ufacturer to provide for expansion and contraction in a manner that will provide a stable bese for the roofing; for support of maximum anticipated loads; secure Note: When applying insulation and roof ing over a perforated or acoustical type metal deck, it is recommended that a vapor barrier be installed prior to the application of the Insulation or that a base sheet set in steep asphalt be utilized as the first ply of Built-Up Roofing.' This Is to reduce the possibility of Bitumen drippage. Poured Portland Cement Concrete, Pre cast Structural Concrete Sections, Poured Gypsum, Lightweight Insulating Concrete: Decks of these types with inclines of onehalf (Vi) inch per foot or more shall permit nailing, or treated nailing strips must be set in the deck and Installed prior to roof ing. Where insulation is specified, nailing strips may be secured to the deck surface of the insulation. These strips should be spaced not more than three (3) feet apart and placed up and down and not across the slope of the roof. Roof deck shall be properly graded to outlets. Precast Decks: (concrete, gypsum, wood fiber) Decks of these types, whether grouted or not, shall be caulked with Koppers Flashing Cement*which shall be applied so that the top surface is level and smooth. Felt stripping four (4) to six (6) inches wide set in a troweling of the cement Is recommended to assist In level ing uneven joints and bridge the joint openings thus providing a better surface for the roofing materials. Wood Plank/Plywood: wood shall be well seasoned, dry and preferably treated. End joints shalt have adequate bearing. Loose or void knot holes, large cracks, etc., shall be covered with sheet metal. Lumber shall be a minimum of 1" nominal thickness. Plywood shalt be a minimum of Vi" thick-. ness. Lightweight Insulating Decks Lightweight Insulating decks include light weight aggregate concrete (20 to 40 lbs. per cu. ft. oven dry density); foamed con crete, gypsum and thermosetting asphal tic decks. Except for Dycon Concrete, lightweight insulating deck systems must be capable of venting excess water vapor to the underside. Koppers will not accept these lightweight insulating decks to be placed over vapor barriers, poured con crete substrates, unvented metals, or any type of base which will not permit these materials to vent from the underside. It is necessary to prevent a water vapor pres sure build-up under the built-up roofing. Occasional, or spot vents through the roof ing as the only venting method are not satisfactory substitutes for' underside or continuous vented systems. In addition, lightweight insulating decks shall have sufficient cohesive strength to provide firm attachment of the coofing to the deck and framing to prevent wind uplift damage or blow-offs. Nailable decks must be capable of developing at the very mini mum. a 40 pound nail pull-out or with drawal strength. If the materials do not achieve this value, additional fasteners will be required over and above those quantities described in the ensuing speci fication (standard is approximately 100 fasteners per square) to achieve a mini mum attachment, standard of 40 lb. per square foot. Koppers will not be responsi ble for failure of the Insulating deck to remain Integral or for disbonding of the roofing from the surface of the deck. Provisions should be made wherever pos sible to provide additional venting such as notched wood perimeter nailers, etc., in conjunction with the venting from the 5 underside of tha deck. If board typa Insula tion is to ba appliad ovar a llghtwaight insulating dack, provisions must ba msda batwaan tha fill and tha board insula tion to pravant fill moistura from affacting tha Insulation and roofing. Malarial Protaction It is tha responsibility of tha roofing con tractor to protect all roll roofing materials and roof insulation from ground or con struction moisture and weather before and during construction. Attachment Maximum adhesion or secure attachment of all components in the roofing assembly is necessary for satisfactory long term per formance of the roofing membrane. Ad hesive and/or fastener quantities specified by tha manufacturer must be capable of passing a minimum uplift resistance of 40 pounds per square foot (psf). When Building Coda requirements dictate a higher uplift resistance than our mini mum requirement, additional fasteners or adhesive will be required over and above the quantities described in the ensuing specifications. Solid mopping has been found to provide an uplift resistance m excess of 120 psf. Strip mopping, as suggested in the speci fications in this manual, has been found to provide an uplift resistance in excess of 60 psf. When nails or fastaners are used, they must be nailed through flat tin disks or have sufficiently large heads to prevent fracture or puncture through the roofing felts. The following are the names of some manufacturers who provide nail and/or fastening devices for use with built-up roofing: E/S Products, Inc. New Rochelle, NY Simplex Nail & Manufacturing Corp. Americus, GA Independent Nail Corp. Bridgewater. MA E. G. Building Fasteners Corp. New York. NY Koppere will not be responsible far any damage caused by or the result of unsatis factory attachment For further Information contact your Kop- pers representative. . Expansion Joints (BuiMng) Since all materials expand and contract due to temperature and/or moistura, tha usa, location, and design of budding ex pansion joints, especially in the roof struc ture system, should be taken into con sideration at the time of original building design. Although provisions for adequate expan sion joints are the responsibility of the building designer. Koppere offers the fol lowing recommendations forthe protection of the roofing system against splits caused by expansion and contraction of the build ing. Building expansion joints should be installed. 1. On large root areas at least 200 feet In each direction. 2. At all placas where the structural sup ports and roof assembly change di rection. 6 3. Where type of adjoining deck materials change. Where control or expansion-contraction joints are provided In tha structural steel, dack material, or dack system, provisiona must be made for continuation of this re lief through the built-up roofing system. Koppere realizes that in a ciimata controlsd building there may be little or no expansion AR"ER tha building is in use, however, building expansion joints are still recommended baaed upon the following points: 1. During construction the building will not be under a steady state tempera ture/humidity condition so that thermal and moisture movement can be suffi cient to fracture tha roofing. 2. If no building expansion joint is pro vided, the owner must keep the build ing at the steady state temperature and humidity condition at all times, as holi day shut-downs can fracture the roof ing due to the movement of the roof system resulting from temperature/ hu midity variation. 3. If the occupancy Is fairly large, the sudden entrance on a rainy day of many rain-soaked employees may causa moisture movement in the roof structure system which can fracture the roofing. , Water Stops (Temporary Protection) Water stops consisting of two (2) plies of tarred felt and mopping of Coat Tar Bitu men for flat roofs or asphalt felt and asphalt for steep roofs extending onto the deck at least 6' and 4' on top of tha Insulation, shall be applied at the end of each day's work over exposed edges of insulation. Theee temporary protective measures must be removed cleanly when work is resumed to prevent blocking moisture vapor move ment to vented edge details. Cut Offs (Permanent InsteNation) Venting of roof insulation at walls, curbs, eaves, etc. is recommended for ail but a few special roof structures. Therefore, cut offs should not be installed at edges of insulation adjoining these areas for vent ing purposes. Cut-offs may be installed however, pro vided they are constructed to run in one direction continuously to vented edges and provided no section of the roofing is iso lated or blocked from venting. Koppere Steep Roofs For detailed specifications regarding KMM Aluminum Roofs, smooth surface asbestos roofs, or steep asphalt snd graval. roofs, consult your Koppere representative or contact Koppars Company, Inc., Pitts burgh. PA. Vapor Barrier Vapor barriers are normally used where the heat flow direction and/or humidity within the building, during any climate or occupancy cycle, might cause the dew point or condensation to occur under the built-up roofing within the insulation cham ber. It is important that the vapor barrier, when installed, provide a continuous seal, (including ventilators, skylights, peripheral walls, and other terminations) from the source of the water vapor. Insulation Insulations come in varying thicknesses and sizes. Should the manner of attach ment as suggested conflict with that speci fied by the individual insulation manufac turer, the insulation manufacturers spec ifications snaJI be followed and in addi tion. shall be in compliance with Koppere General Requirements. Good roofing practica dictates that the fol lowing points be considered when specify ing board type root insulation. 1. The roofing insulation must be kept dry at all times. It must be of a type ap proved by Koppere for use with a Koppera built-up roof. It should only be applied over a deck complying with all of Koppere General Requirements. 2. If the deck slope is one-half (ft) inch , per foot or more the insulation must be able to retain nails or wood nailers must be installed perpendicular to the slope at each course of insulation. Spacing of nailers must be such that the insulation fits snugly with the nailers but must not be force fitted. 3. No more insulation shall be laid at any one time than can be protected by bitu men and felt in case of sudden weather changes. 4. Edges of insulation shall be brought closely together and shall not be forced into place. Where insulation joins ver tical surfaces, the Insulation shall be cut in a neat manner allowing approx imately one-half (ft) inch clearance. 5. When more than ona (1) layer of insula tion is used, joints in each layer shall not coincide. All layers shall be parallel to preceding layers. Wood Nailing Strips All non-nailable decks require wood nail ing stripe at eaves, edges, wails, roof openings, etc. for proper secursment of metal flanges. Nailers must be securely and firmly attached to the deck or through to its supporting members. Nailers shall extend not less than 1" beyond the apron or flange. Rooting felts for all decks having a slope of'ft' per foot or more must be back nailed and therefore non-nailable decks must be furnished with treated wood nail ing strips treated with a material com patible with bituminous roofing. Cold Storage and Freezer Buildings Koppere will not bond its built-up roofing over these structures if insulation or in sulation and vapor barrier is installed over the deck unless there is an adequately ven tilated air space between the deck and insulated refrigerated area. For procedures on non-bonded built-up roofing applications or KMM installation, consult a Koppere representative or Kop pere Company, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA. Temporary Roofing - Temporary roofing specifications are avail able for all Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Roofing Systems. Consult your Koppere representative for recommended specifications over various type decks for temporary roof construction. r~\ Application: Roofing KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural and Construction Materials Application of Bltumana Recommended Weight* par 100 sq. ft. (for estimating purposes only) Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Steep Asphalt Average Interpty Top Coating 25 iba. 231b*. 75 lbs. 60 lbs. Average interpty waights are based on long yeara of experience in good roofing practice, and taka Into account a reason* able variation in the amount of bitumen absorbed in different substrates, and the type of specification. Moppings of bitu men between felts shall be continuous. Felt shall not toooh taft. The top pouring is most important, it must be thorough and uniformly covered with specification aggregate embedded into the bitumen While the Bitumen is SUB HOT. Recommended Temperature Limitations: Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Steep Asphalt Temp. *F Heated Application (max.) (min.) (recom.) * 400 300 375 475 350 425 When roofing bitumens are overheated their waterproofing quantise are greatly reduced, and at the same time the volume of fuming is increased. In order to achieve the maximum benefits of low fuming and unequafed waterproofing performance. It ie imperative that Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen be heated within the temperature limita tions listed above. Close, supervision of heating is also good roofing practica for all bitumens. ! If heat is deslrad during a holding period at the jobsite while material ia not being drawn oft and rapleniahsd as under nor mal usage, kettle temperature should be reduced and not permitted to exceed 350 F for Koppers Coal tar Bitumen or 42S*F for steep asphalt. The kettle should be full lid closed. These temperatures are applicable to job conditions and do not apply to holding or storage in kettle* in excess of 4 hours, if bitumen I* not to be used for periods over 4 hours, the kettle should be shut off. Koppers Coal Ter Bitumen may be con tained in 1000 gal. or greater capacity heated and automatically controlled closed vessel tankers at 375'F for periods, not exceeding 96 hours. . Application of Ftft Plies otte must be ited ahingte tesMon. Where a water flow direction exists, falta should be applied to that the direction of flow is not against the laps.'Broom or prats all plies of fait into the hot bitumen and lay without wrinkles, buckle* or kinks, so that the finished roof la free of pockets or blisters. Each fait ply shal| be com pletely covered with a complete mopping of bitumen. The number of pile* are controlled by varying width* of th# edge laps. Fourply (4) roofing, for txampi*. is achieved by lapping each ply approximately twentyseven and one-half (27%) Inches or % of the width of the roll. Koppers felts are marked at the factory with lap linos for this purpose. Expept as specifically provided for in Koppers speci fications, application of fait lapping meth od* other than shingle fashion will not be permitted. When beginning a membrane roofing In stallation. appropriate width starting strips of felt shall be used at the starting point to achieve the specification ply build-up at that point so that successive fait appli cation* will produce the pty requirement*. Overlap end* of ail connecting piles of fait (and laps) not leas than 10 Inches. End stripping or taping of these laps is not permitted. Kopparo recommends that afi feite be bockrated wtiwi ttw riopi of tht daek is one-ha* (%) inch per foot or more. Application of Koppers Bitumen and Aggregate Surface The final application of Koppers Bfoting ie a triple weight application of Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen (approximately 79 lbs./ sq.) into which ia distributed an approved aggregate while the Bitumen is still hot. Benefits of aggregate surfacing 1. Protection from foot traffic of other trades during construction and after wards for routine root maintenance. 2. Weight as additional protection for wind uplift. 3. Reduced surface temperature. 4. Even flow of water to the drains. 5. Fite protection from burning brands. 6. Protect bitumen from the actinic rays of the sun. 7. Most important by using an aggregate surface, an additional 75 Ib./sq. of Coal Tar Bitumen (the waterproofing agent) is included in the installation. The application of Koppers Coal Tar Bitu men and aggregate must be done at the time the falta are applied: except In pe riods of hot, dry weather when the top sur facing may be delayed overnight When the specifier desire* glaze coating and/or afi work to be completed the seme working day, he shall be responsible to to state this requirement in hie epUHffcations. The aggregate surfacing must be applied into the top pouring while the bitumen is still hot so that a uniform layer will be embedded end adhered. The completed roof assembly will have a uniform aggre gate surface. Depending on slag weights m certain parts of the country 400 Ibe. of slag per square may be required. Occa sionally on well applied roof*, small black globes known as "raspberrias" or "black berries" will form in th* roof surface. These are not detrimental to th* roof. Aggregate Surfacing & The aggregate to be used should meet the ASTM Specification D1863-64. Th* basic requirement for this aggregate are aa fol lows: Stave to* Total Failing. Percent %" %" No. 4 No. 6 Dust, max. pet. Moisture, max. % crushed stone and gravel Crushed roofing slag Unit weight (loose) min. lb. per cubic ft. Cold Weather Application 100 90-100 4-70 0-15 0-5 0.5 0.5 5.0 60 When roofing is applied at temperatures below 45* F, special precautions must be taken to insure th* satisfactory perform ance of the finished roof. Before applying roofing, moisture, ice, snow, surface wa ter, etc., must be removed from th* deck. Hot applied bitumens tend to congeal rap idly In cold weather. Extra care must be . taken to set insulation or roofing as quickly as possible while the bitumen is still hot. Do not host bitumens above the maximum temperature Urn* listed above to compen sate far rapid chilling. Insulated contain ers along with carefully timed material delivery methods, must be employed. Bob Sheet Alternate When substituted for the first ply in a solid mop application specification, the Base Sheet shall be embedded in a solid mop ping of Koppers Stsep Asphalt followed by thorough brooming to eliminate air pock ets, wnnkles, fish mouth, buckles, etc. The remaining two (2) or three (3) pits* of Tarred Felt shell be solid mopped with Coal Tar Bitumen in accordance with the specification. When substituted in a nailing application specification, th* Baa* Sheet may be used' in lieu of th* two nailed No. 15 tarred felts. Whan rosin sized or sheathing paper is e part of the original specification it shall remain and be applied beneath th* Bate Sheet. Edge laps shall be 4" and end laps shall be 6". The nailing pattern for the Base Sheet shell be 9* on center through th* lap and 2~ from the edge lap and stagger-nailed down th* center of each sheet on 9* canters. (Note: This is . approximately 100 nails per square.) When specifying the Bead Sheet altsmata use of the designation be as a subscript to the specification number. For example, when substituting base sheet in a roofing specification over Metal Deck-designate as 17wibs. Net*: * If Koppers Asphalt Costed Base Sheet (ASTM D-2626) it substituted for the first pty (piles) of th* Coal Ter Bitumen roofing specifications, it must not be left exposed or used aa a work surface prior to roofing completion. Qood roofing practice dictates that the total roofing membrane be com plete the same day. 7 ft' Coal Tar Bitumen Built-up Roof Specifications deck construction: Wood Plank/ Plywood SLOPE See pg.4 SURFACE Aggregate For rtcommandatlons on wood and wood treatmsnt, contact: Koppora Company, lnc,, Foraat Product! Oiviaion. Lumbar Salat Dept, 750 Koppara Bldg.. Pittsburgh. PA 15219 Spec. No. 1--5 ply Spec. No. 2--4 ply Spec. No. 1 wl--4 ply Spec. No. 2 wi--3 ply wi: with board type insulation Spec. No. 1 wiv--4 ply Spec. No. 2 wiv--3 ply wiv: with board type insulation and vapor barrier Traatad wood should ba uaad wbara a vapor bamar ia required. aaa Paga S. PROCEDURE Selact clausal as required. Optional clauses in italic. Copy In color denotes built-up rooting specification Condition of Surface to Receive Rooting See Page 5. Material Quantity Requirements See Page 7. Preparation Beiow insulation 1. The wood root deck shall ba covered with one (1) layer of approved rosin-sized sheathing paper weighing approximately five (5) pounds per one hundred (100) square feat. The sheathing paper shall ba lapped two (2) inches and secured to the deck by occasional nailing. 2. Two full thicknesses of Tarred Felt shall be laid over the entire surface, lap ping each sheet nineteen (10) inches over the preceding sheet and nailing the sheets in plact. Application of Vapor Barrier Beiow , Insulation Nota: When vapor barrier is required, use these proceduMe in addition to Prepa ration Below teeidstlon noted above. Lay over the entire agrtece two (2) full thicknasaas of Koppers'Tarred Felt, lap ping each sheet njgflean (19) inches over the preceding sheet--mopping with Coal Tar Bitumen the full nineteen (ig) inches so that in no place shell felt touch felt. 8 Hot Coal Tar Bitumen should never be spoiled directly to a wood deck. Sandwiched between the heat from above and tha hast tram below, such material finds its way through the boards into tha building. Good practice demands tha cushioning and blotting affect of a layer of Application of Insulation 1. Mop the entire surface with a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bituman into which, while hot, firmly embed the insulation. For application of roofing materials over insulation follow Application of Roofing Materials procedure for concrete decks. Pages. Appttcstfton of RoofldQ Miiifiiii Direcdy on Wood 1st Lay ona ply of roain sized or other approved sheathing paper weighing not leas than five (S) Ibe. per 100 square feet lapping each sheet two (2) inches and nail sufficiently to hold in place. 2nd. Ipee. No. 1 Spec. No. 2 Install two (2) piiss of Koppora Tarred Felts over entire surface lapped nineteen (19) inches. Nail on sight and one-half (814) inch centers ona (1) inch from adge lap. (Note: This ia approximately 100 nails par 100 aq. ft.) Nall shanks are to be of required length for maximum withholding power. 3rd. Spec. No. 1 Apply three (3) piles of Koppara Tarred Fait lapping pliaa twenty-four and twothirds (24H) inches. Where slope of deck sheathing paper followed by fayere of dry felt Shlplap and square edge boards should be avoided whore possible. It the underside of the roof deck is exposed to air pressure created from open doors or windows, tongua-andgrooved lumbar should be used. la one-half Inch per foot or more, nail each sheet of felt six (0) inches from tha back edge on twenty-four (24) Inch canters. All laps shall be mopped with CoeI Tar Bi tumen the full twenty-four end two-thirds (24%) Inches, so that In no place shall felt touch felt. 3rd. Spee.No.2 Apply two (2) pliaa of Koppara Tarred Felt, lapping piles nineteen (19) inehas. Where slope of deck la oneself (54) inch per foot or more, nail each sheet six (6) Inches from the baok edge on twenty-four (24) Inch centers. All laps shell be mopped with Coel Ter Bitumen the full nineteen (19) inches so that in no place shall felt touch felt 4th. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane, a uniform coating of Coel Tar Bituman Into which, while hot, embed not lass than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounda of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet. -- General Requirements on pages 8, S end 7 end Dates Specification* on pages 20 through 25 are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. Specifications (continued) /'"N Qr*v*t or Sitg Emboddod In Pouring of Coal Tar Situman Altamata Laytr* of Coal Tar Situman and Tarred Fait Moo Ding of Coal Tar Bitumen insulation Embedded m Coal Tar Bitumen Two Layers of Coal Tar Bitumen and Tarred Felts Poured Concrete KOPPERS r r ko Architectural and Construction Materials deck construction: Poured Portland Cement Concrete SLOPE e See pg. 4 SURFACE e Aggregate Spac. No. 5--4 ply Spac. No. 7--3 ply Spoc. No. 5 wi--4 ply Spoc. No. 7 wi--3 ply wi: with board typo insulation Spoc. No. 5 wiv--4 ply Spoc. No. 7 wiv--3 ply wiv: with board typo insulation and vapor barrier Detail of Specification No. 5 wtv Pound concrst* decks somstmras etuse trou ble because the built-up roofing is laid before the deck is thoroughly dry. When this happens the result is a blistered end buckled membrane or. just as senous. the insulation curls and mskes an unsatisfactory job. The roofing eontractor, backed by the architect should Insist on a thoroughly dry deck before beginning work. He should also see to It that the deck is tree of loose sand, frozen scale and othsr foreign matter. Protections should be removed, low points tilled with cement grout or other suitable materiel, and all cracks pointed up. PROCEDURE Select clauses as required. Optional c/fuses in italic. Copy in color danotaa built-op rooting specification Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Page 5. Material Quantity Requirements See Page 7. Application of Vapor Barrier Below Insulation 1. Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen to the deck. 2. Lay over the entire surface two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers Tarred Felt, lap ping aach sneet nineteen (19) Inches over the preceding sheet--mopping with Coal Tar Bitumen the full nineteen (19) inches so that in no place shall felt touch felt. 3. Extend all plias of fait up vortical sur faces and cut off at height of inaulatlon. Application of Insulation Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the entire surface into which, white hot. embed the insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation mop the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot, embed the second layer of insulation. Application of Roofing Materials 1st Mop deck (or inaulatlon--aa applies* ble) completely with Coal Tar Bituman. 2nd. Spec.Mo.* Apply over the entire surface, lour (4) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping pllee twenty-eeven end oneself (27%) Inches. Mop solidly between each 27Vi Inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so thst In no pisce shsll felt touch fait. 2nd. Spec. No. 7 Apply over the entire aurface three (3) pllee of Koppers Tsrred Felt, lapping pllee twenty-four end two-thirds (24%; Inches. Mop solidly between each 24% Inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so thst In no place shell felt touohleK.---. Where slope of deck Is one-half (Vi) inch per toot or more and deck permits nailing, nail along back or upper edge of each sheet on twenty-four (24) Inch cen tals. Where deck doca not permit nailing, nailing strips are required and each sheet nailed along back or upper edge at spacIngs to assure penetration of nailers. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot, embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag tor-each one hundred (100) square fact General Requirements on pages 5,6 and 7 and Detail Specifications on pages 20 through 25 are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. 9 Specifications (continued) deck construction: Precast Structural Concrete Sections SLOPE See pg. 4 SURFACE Aggregate Orsvet or Siefl Embedded tn Pouring of CoJ Ttr Bitumen Alttme Layers of CoaJ Tar Bitumen and Tarred Felt 0- Mopping of Coal Tar Bitumen insulation Embedded m Coal Tar Bitumen Two Layers ot Coal Tar Bitumen and Tarrad Falta Spec. No. 10--4 ply Spec. No. 11--3 ply Spec. No. 10 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 11 wi--3 ply wl: with board type Insulation Spec. No. 10 wiv--4 ply Spec. No. 11 wiv--3 ply wiv: with board type insulation and vapor barrier Detail of Spacification No. 11 wiv Strip Moppingt of Coal Tar Bltuman Flatnirvfl Cement or Fltafting Camant and S" Btnppmg Saa Pag* 5 Pracait concrgta structural (actions demand tha same racommandationa sa pourad con* crata decks, although tha sraaanca of moletura, dua to msufflciant drying tints, la not likaly. if tha contractor finds ong or mors slabs tasting unavaniy, with tdgaa proiacting abova tha surfacs, this should ba eorractad by rasat. ting or lavaling off. Open-call aggragats is not aecaptabla for filling or lavaling low araas. All joints, grouttd or not. should ba cauikad with trowel-grade asphsttie plastic camant Slab sidas and anda should ba squara. rest firmly and svaniy on supporting member*. and ba inatalltd to pravant lataral and vartical movamant PROCEDURE Soloct ciausBB as required. Optional clauses in italic. Copy in color denotes built-up roofing specification Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Page 5 Material Quantity Requirements See Page 7. Application of Vapor Barrier Below Insulation 1. On precast concreta slab or tila deck, strip mop with Coal Tar Bitumen up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint Not less than 30% of the surface must be mopped, at a mm. rate of 10 lbs. per 100 square feet. 2. Lay over tha entire surface two (2) full thicknesses of Koppera Tarrad Felt, lap ping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over tha preceding sheet--mopping with Coal Tar Bitumen the full nineteen (19) inches so that in no place shall felt touch felt 3. Extend all plies of fait up vertical sur faces and cut off at height of Insulation. Application of Insulation: Over Vapor Barrier. Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the entire surface into which, while hot. embed the insulation. It there are two (2) layers of insulation (e.g. as required for pre-stresses concrete sections) mop the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot, embed the second layer of Insulation. Over Deck. On precast concrete slap or tile dack. strip mop with Coal Tar Bitumen up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint Not less than 30% of the surface must ba mopped, at a minimum of 10 lbs. per 100 square feet While hot, embed the Insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation (e.g. as required for progressed concrete sections) mop the entire surface of tha first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot, embed the second layer of fnaulation. For application of roofing materials over insulation follow Application of Roofing Materials procedure for concreta decks, Page 9. Application of Roofing Materials 1st. Each slab shall ba spot or strip mopped with Coal Ter Bitumen, keeping Bitumen mopping back at least four (4) inches from all edges of each slab joint Not lass than 30% of tha surface must be ' mopped. When applying over Insulation, mop insulation completely with Coal Tar Bitumen. 2nd. Spec. No. 10 Apply over the entire surface four (4) piles of Koppers Tarred Fait, lapping pllaa twenty-eeven and one-half (27V5t) inches. Mop solidly batween each 27% Inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so that in no place shall felt touch felt 2nd. Spec. No. 11 Apply over the entire surface three (3) pllee of Koppera Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-four and two-thirds (24%) inches. Mop solidly between the 24V> -Inch lap with Coal Tar Bltuman so that In no place shall telt touch felt. Where slope of deck Is one-half (Vi) inch per foot or'mora and the deck permits nailing, nail along back or upper edge of each sheet on a maximum of twenty-four (24) inch centers. Where deck does not permit nailing, nailing strips shall ba in stalled and each sheet nailed along back or upper edge at spacing! to assure pene tration of nailers. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bltuman Into which, while hot, embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for aach one hundred (100) square fast General Requirements on pages 5,6 and 7 and Data! Specifications on pages 20 through 23 are a pert of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. 10 Specifications (continued) Gravl or Slag Embedded in Pouring of Coal Tar lituman AJtamata Layara of Coal Tar Bitumen and Tarrad Fait Mopping of Coal Tar Bituman Insulation Cmoaddad in Coal Tar Bitumen Bata Shaat Nailed Poured Gypsum or Precast Gypsum Detail of Specification No. 12wtv The same recommendations applying to pra cist conerata slabs apply to pracaat gypaum slaba and gypaum maul bound planks. All unavan alaba should bo raaat or lavalad off so that tha roof will ba laid on a flat and avan surfaca. fraa from profactions and low araaa. Baeauaa thaaa slabs ara pracaat tha poaaibility of a high moiatura contant baing praaant is mors rsmou than In tha pourad gypaum roof or lightwafght insulating conoata roof deck. Pourad gypaum daeka somatimss eauas troubla baeauaa tha built-up roofing is laid bsfora tha dock la thoroughly dry. Whan this haopana tha rssult Is a bllstarsd and bucklad mambrant, or, just as sarious, insulation cunt and maktt an unsatisfactory job. Tha roofing con tractor, backed by tha architect, must insist on a thoroughly dry deck before beginning work. Ha should alio saa to it that tha deck la fraa of loose sand, frozan scale and othsr foreign matter. Prolections should ba removed, low points filled with esmant grout or other suit able material, and all cracks pointed up. HOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural and Construction Materials deck construction: Poured Gypsum Precast Gypsum Lightweight insulating Concrete SLOPE a See pg. 4 SURFACE a Aggregate Spec. No. 12--5 ply Spec. No. 13--4 ply Spec. No. 12 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 13 wi--3 ply wi: with board type insulation Spec. No. 12 wiv--4 ply Spec. No. 13 wiv--3 ply ' wiv: with board type insulation and vapor barriar Soa page 5 for Lightweight Insulating Pecks Thermosetting Asphaltic Concrete: Base sheet must be used as first ply--see pager. PROCEDURE Select clauses as required. Optional clauaaa in italic. Copy In color denotes built-up rooting opacification Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Page S. ' Material Quantity Requirement! See Page 7. Application of Membrane Below Insulation 1. Apply over antlra turfaca one (1) ply oI Koppara coatad baaa ahaat, lapping each sheet four (4) inchaa over pracadlng ahaat and nailing at lap no lata than nina (9) inchaa and ataggar nailad down cantar ot aach ahaat on aightaan (IB) Inch centers. 2. Extend piles up vertical surfaces and cut off at haight of Imulatton. For vapor barriar provisions contact your Koppara Representative. Application of insulation Over Membrane (or Deck) Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the entire surface into which, while hot. embed the insulation. If thare are two (2) layers ot insulation mop the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen Into which, while hot embed the second layer of inaulation. For application of roofing matariala over inaulation follow Application of Roofing Matariala procadure for poured concrete, Page9. Appicebon of Reefing Materials to Deck 1st Install two (2) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt over entire surface lapped nineteen (19) inches with approved nails. Neil on eight end one-half (8tt) centers one (1) Inch from edge lap. (Note: This is approximately 100 nails per 100 sq. ft). Alternate: Apply over antlra aurlaea one (1) ot Koppara coatad baaa ahaat, lapping aach ahaat tour (4) inchaa over pracadlng ahaat and nailing at lap no laaa than nlna (9) Inchaa, and ataggar nailad down cantar ot aach ahaat on aightaan (18) inch cantata. 2nd. Spe&No.12 Apply thraa (3) pltaa of Koppara Tarrad Fait, lapping pllaa twanty-tour and twothlrda (24*A) Inehaa. Whara aiopa ot dock la ona-halt ('A) inch par foot or more, nail aaeh ahaat ot talt aix (8) inehaa from tha back edge on twanty-tour (24) inch can tata. All lapa ahall ba moppad with Coal Tar Bituman tha lull twanty-tour and twothlrda (24H) Inchaa, so that in no placa ahall talt touch fait. 2nd. Spec. No. 13 Apply two (2) pllaa ot Koppara Tarrad Fait, lapping pllaa ninataan (19) inchaa. Whara aiopa ot deck ia ona-halt ('A) inch par foot or more, nail aach ahaat aix (6) inchaa from tha back adga on twanty-tour (24) Inch cantata. All lapa ahall ba moppad with Coal Tar Bituman tha lull ninataan (19) inchaa ao that in no placa ahall talt touch fait. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot, embed not lets than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feat Genera! Requirements on pages 5, 8 and 7 and Detail Specifications on pages 20 through 2S are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. 11 Specifications (continued) deck construction: Metal Decks (insulation Required) SLOPE See pg.4 SURFACE Aggregate Spec. No. 17 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 18 wi--3 ply wi: with board type insulation Spec. No. 17 wiv--4 ply Spec. No. 18 wiv--3 ply wiv: with board type insulation and vapor barrier It is absolutely necessary to instill board type insulation on a metal deck before the built-up roofing is applied. A metal deck must be cleen. smooth, and property anchored to the steel purlins and ell joints correctly lapped and fastened. Type of metal deck, flute opening end various other factors determine the type end thickness of insulation required. Consult your Koppers representative for recommendations. Metal roof decks shall be dssigned so that they will not have a deflection exceeding 1/240 of clear span under all types of loads (live & dead). Designer should take into ac count roof traffic conditions including mechan ical equipment used for roof application. PROCEDURE Select clauses as required. Optional clauses in italic. Copy in color denotes built-up rooting specification Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Page 5 Material Quantity Requirements See Page 7 Application of Vapor Barrier Below Insulation A. Fait Type Coat the ribs of the metal deck with Steep Asphalt and then install two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preceding sheet, mopping with Steep Asphalt the full width of the nineteen (19) inch lap. Extend all felt up vertical surfaces and cutoff at height of insulation. Application of Insulation and Roofing Materials 1st a. Install insulation in steep asphalt applied to deck at rate of 12 to 15 lbs. per 100 sq. ft. and place insulation while steep asphalt is still molten to provide good ad hesion. See Attachment Page 6. b. If slope of deck is one-half (Vi) inch per foot or more, insulation must be able to retain nails and. in addition to being set in steep asphalt, insulation must be fast ened to the metal deck with approved mechanical fasteners placed at all four (4) comers and the center of each sheet. It two layers of insulation are specified, top layer joints shall not coincide with joints of bottom layer. Fasteners shall be driven after the top layer of insulation is installed. e. if U.L. and F.M. requirements are a factor for insurance rating, insulation must be listed and approved in accordance with their current data. 2nd. Mop a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the insulation preceding the application of rooting membrane. 3rd. Spec. No. 17 wl Apply over the entire surface, four (4) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-seven and one-half (27ft) inches. Mop solidty between each 27ft inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so that in no place shall lelt touch felt. 3rd. Spec. No. 18 wl Apply over the entire surface, three (3) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, tapping plies twenty-tour and two-thirds (24ft) inches. Mop solidly between each 24% inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so that in no piece shall felt touch felt. It slope of roof is one-halt (ft) inch per foot or more, each ply of felt shall be nailed along the back or upper edge on twenty-tour (24) Inch centers. If base sheet alternate is used, each ply of base sheet shall be nailed two (2) inchas from the back or upper edge on twenty-four (24) Inch centers. 4th. Pour over the entire surface of the rooting membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot. embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet General Requirements on pages 5,1 and 7 and Detail Specifications on pagaa 20 through 25 ere a part of this specification and muat be adhered to where applicable. 12 Wi rs Specifications (continued) Two L*y*r of Qnvtf or Sltg EmBeddid in two (2) Pouring* of Coal T*r Bttuman ' Alttmat* Uyara of Coal Tar Biluman and Tarrad Fait Mopping of Coal Tar Biluman Pouring Conerata. Qypaum or Pracaat Conerata Slap Pack Detail of Specification No. 23 WATER COOLED ROOF: Watar is designed to bs contained on tha roof it ill Hum it i constant livil by mains of a drainaga systam and a watar source. (Saa note on cold weather conditions.) Watar Cooled Roofs also include spray pond roofs where tha roof is constantly sprayed with watar but not necessarily kept at a constant level. Water Cooled Roofs should be applied over poured concrete, gypsum or precast concrete decks. IT IS MANDATORY THAT THE WATER COOL ING SYSTEM BE CLOSED DOWN AND THE ROOF DRAINED PRIOR TO COLD WEATHER. Neither roofing nor the structure will withstand the expansion caused by ice formation. WATER RETAINING ROOFS: PROCESS WATER: Water from manufacturing process, cooling towers, etc., that regularly deliver water across the roof for normal drainage. RETARDED DRAINAGE PONOING: Drains are sized to deliver a controlled amount of water to the storm system and thus regularly neces sitate heavy watar ponding. KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Archrtecturaland Construction Materials deck construction: Poured Concrete e Poured Gypsum: Precast Concrete Water Cooled Roofs Water Retaining Roofs SLOPE See pg. 4 SURFACE Double Aggregate (with double pour) Spec. No. 23--4 ply--on dock Spoe. No. 24--3 ply--on dock Spoc. No. 23 wi--4 ply Spoc. No. 24 wi--3 piy wi: with board typo insulation Spoc. No. 23 wiv--4 ply Spoc. No. 24 wiv--3 ply wiv: with board typo insulation and vapor barrier Note: The base sheet alternate shall not be used. PROCEDURE Select clauses as required. Optional pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) specifications used shall be as follows: clauses in italic. pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) Water Cooled Roofs--Koppers Flashing Copy in color denotes built-up rooting specilication square feet. If slope of roof is one-half (Vi) inch per foot or more, each ply of felt shall be Specification No. 110 only shall be used. See Pg. 21. Water Retaining Roofs--Either Koppers Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Page 5. nailed along the back or upper edge on twenty-four (24) inch centers. 4th. All loose gravel or slag shall be Flashing Specifications No. 108. No. 710 or No. 110 shall be used. See Pg. 20 & 21. d. Insulation and vapor barrier, if used, Material Quantity Requirements swept from surface and a second uniform shall be applied according to procedures See Page 7. Application of Built-up Roofing pouring of approximately eighty-five (85) pounds of Coal Tar Bitumen shall be applied over the gravel or slag, into which, found in basic specifications 5 & 7 (Pg. 9). 10 & 11 (Pg. 10), 12 & 13 (Pg. 11). a. Specifications 23 and 24 may be ap 1st Mop deck completely with Coal Tar Bitumen. ' while hot. shall be applied a second layer of three hundred (300) pounds of gravel or plied over wood deck (Pg. 8) or metal decks (Pg. 12) only if used as Water Re 2nd. Spec No. 23 two hundred (200) pounds of slag for each 100 square feet. The entire surface shall taining Roofs. Insulation and vapor barrier, if used shall be applied according to pro Apply over the entire surface four (4) then be thoroughly broomed free from all cedures found with these specifications. plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping plies loose gravel or slag. It is advisable to roil f. Roof Structure design live loads for twenty-seven and one-half (27Vi) inches. Mop solidly between each 27Vt inch lap the finished surface with a light roller so that aggregate is thoroughly embedded. specifications 23 and 24 shall be a mini mum of 50 psi and deflection shall not with Coal Tar Bitumen so that In no place shall tett touch felt. nEl-Olw-a- exceed 1/360 of the span, both in addition to the anticipated weight of the water. 2nd. Spec NO. 24 a. At points where water pressure from the spray may be excessive, the roof Insulation joints must be taped. Vapor barriers must be two/Ttfy, solid mopped. Apply over the entire surface three (3) surface should be protected with treated Use steep asphalt over metal decks. Wood plies of Koppers Tarrad Felt, lapping plies board platforms or other suitable construc must be treated to prevent warping (sea twenty-four and two-thirds (24H) inches. tion to break the force of the water. These "wood nailing strips"). t Mop solidly between each 24% inch lap platforms should be laid on top of the roof with Coal Tar Bitumen so that in no place surface and not fastened to the deck. shall lelt touch felt. b. Insulation under a Water Cooled Roof All felt shall be turned up not less than should be of a type which is rigid, dimen four (4) inches at vertical surfaces. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot. embed not less than four hundred (400) sionally stable with high compressive strength and of a sealed cellular structure such as Foamgias. c. At all points where roofing membrane meets a vertical surface the flashing General Requirements on pages 5,6 and 7 and Detail Specifications on pages 20 through 2S are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. 13 Specifications (continued) deck construction: Wood Fiber SLOPE See pg. 4 SURFACE Aggregate Spec. No. 27--4 ply Spec. No. 28-3 ply Spec. No. 27 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 28 wi--3 ply wi: with board type insulation Spec. No. 27 wiv-4 ply Spec. No. 28 wiv--3 ply wiv: with board type insulation and vapor barrier All decking muit be installed in strict accord, anca with tha particular dsck manufacturer's reeommandations for installation. Oack ma larial must bo protacted during shipment, job slta storaga and prior to roofing application. No planka which hava bacoma structurally waakanad dua to moiature, fracturea or mutllatad adgaa may ba usad. All jointa must ba laval and pralarably groutad full and lava! with plank lurlaees are recommandad by tha dock manufacturer. All planka muat ba wail anchored to supporting mambora to resist movement in t fashion recommandad by tha dack manufacturer. Any planka which bow or daflact or do not saat sacurely muat ba replacad. Raaponaiblllty for tha salactlon of a particular typa of wood flbar dack, Its fnatallation. provision for expansion and contraction. Itt suitability to job requirements, and its ability to support anticipated load# in its environmant rests with tha designer and dack manufacturer. PROCEDURE Select clauses as required. Optional clauses in italic. Copy in color danotas built-up rooting spacitication ' Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Pago 5. Material Quantity Requirements See Page 7. Insulation and Vapor Barrier 1. Insulation without Vapor Barrier. In stall insulation in a uniform coating of Typa ill steep asphalt Nailabla insulation not excaeding one (1) inch thick may bo installed using 1 inch Simplex Tube-Lok nails at all four corners and at center of board. Installation of roofing over insula tion shall be as par specification outlined below with base sheet mopped solidly to the insulation in steep asphalt For bonded roofing applications, fast eners. other than Tube-Lok nails, must be acceptable to Koppars. Fasteners shall be applied at the minimum rate of one (1) per square toot as recommandad by the Struc tural Wood Fiber Products Association. 14 2. insulation with Vapor Barrfar. Install two (2) plias of No. IS asphalt felt lapped nineteen (19) inches in Type III steep as phalt as par 1st paragraph of this specifi cation. Plias shall ba mopped solidly so that In no place shall fait touch leit. install Insulation In solid mopping of steep as phalt. Roofing over insulation Is to ba in accordance with the details of the specifi cations below with base sheet mapped solidly to the insulation. Application of Roofing Materials 1st Install on# (1) ply of Koppers asphalt coated base sheet over entire sur face in solid mopping of Typa ill Steep .Asphalt so that base sheet shall not touch tha dack surface. Firmly broom or presa entire surface of base sheet into hot steep asphalt so that no air pockets, wrinkles, bucklss or kinks shall occur. Minimum side laps shall be four (4) inches and mini mum snd laps shall be six (6) inches. All laps shall be continuously sealed the full width of the lap. - 2nd. Spec. No. 27 Apply throe (3) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt lapping plias twanty-tour and twothirds (24V>) inches. Where slope of deck is one-hall ('h) inch per foot or more, nail each sheet of fait six (8) inches from the back edge on twanty-tour (24) inch canters. All laps shall ba mopped with Coal Tar Bitumen the lull twenty-tour and two-thirda (24Vs) inches, so that in no place shell telt touch lalt. 2nd. Spec. No. 2t Apply two (2) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lopping plies nineteen (19) inches. Where slope of deck is one-naif (Vs) inch per loot or more, nail each sheet six (6) inches from the beck edge on twenty-four (24) Inch centers. All laps shall be mopped with Coel Tar Bitumen the lull nineteen (19) inches so that In no place shall fait touch fait. 3rd. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot, embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravtl or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet - General Requirements on pages 5,6 snd 7 and Oatad Specfflcatfone on pagas 20 through 25 are a part of this specification and muat be adhered to where applicable. DYCON* CONCRETE ROOF DECKS BUILT-UP ROOFING SPECIFICATIONS DECK CONSTRUCTION: KOPPERS 7.1 /Ko Architectural and Construction Materials Detail of Specification No. 50 Substrate: Steel Centering Spec. No. 50-5 ply Spec. No. 51--4 ply Spec. No. 50 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 51 wi--3 ply board type insulation Spec. No. 50 bs--4 ply Spec. No. 51 bs--3 ply base sheet as first ply of roofing Detail of Specification No. 60 Substrate: Structural Concrete (Monolithic Precast or Vapor Barriers) Spec. No. 60--5 ply Spec. No. 61--4 ply Spec. No. 60 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 61 wi--3 ply board type insulation Spec. No. 60 bs--4 ply Spec. No. 61 bs--3 ply base sheet as first ply of roofing Specification No. 70 bs Substrate: Formboard and Bulb Tees Spec. No. 70--5 ply Spec. No. 71--4 ply Spec. No. 70 wi--4 ply Spec. No. 71 wi--3 ply board type insulation Spec. No. 70 bs--4 ply Spec. No. 71 bs-3 ply base sheet as first ply of roofing SLOPE See pg.-4 SURFACE Aggregate The following spacifications apply only to approved Dycon* concmta formulation*. The general requirements of Koppers eurfent built-up roofing manual are part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. PROCEDURE Select clauses as required. Optional clauses in italic. Copy in color denotes built-up roofing specification Condition of Surface to Receive Roofing See Page 5. Material Quantity Requirement* See Page 7. Application of Membrane Below Rigid Board Insulation 7. Apply over entire surface one (1) ply of Koppers coated base sheet, lapping each sheet four (4} inches over preceding sheet and nailing at lap no less than nine (9) inches, and down center ot each sheet on nine (9) inch centers. 2. Extend plies up vertical surfaces and cut off at height ot insulation. For vapor barrier provisions contact your Koppers Representative. Application of Insulation Over Membrane (or Dycon Concrete Deck) Substratee: Structural Conerete/steel Centering Apply a uniform coating of Coat Tar Bitumen over the entire surface into which, while hot. embed the insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation mop the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot. embed the second layer of insulation. Formboard Bulb Tee* Apply a uniform coating of Type III Steep Asphalt over the entire surface into which, while hot. embed the insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation mop the entire surface of the first' layer with Type III Steep Asphalt into which, while hot. embed the second layer of insulation. When a membrane is installed under the insulation. Type ill Steep Asphalt may be used in lieu of nailing over a Formboard Bulb Tee Substrate. Application of Roofing Materials Over Rigid Board Insulation 1st Mop insulation completely with Coal Tar Bitumen. 2nd. Spec. No. 50wi-SOwi--70wi Apply over the entire surface, four (*) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-seven and one-half (27Vb) inches. Mop solidly between each 27Vi inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so that in no place shall felt touch felt. 2nd. Spec. No. 51wi--#1wi--71wi Apply over the entire surface three (3) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping plies twenty-tour and two-thirds (244b) inches. Mop solidly between each 244b inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen to that in no place shall felt touch felt. Where slope of deck is one-half C/2) inch per foot or more and deck permits nailing, nail along back or upper edge of each sheet on twenty-four (24) inch cen ters. Where deck does not permit nailing, nailing strips are required and each sheet nailed along back or upper edge at spac ing* to assure penetration of nailers. 15 KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Arcr*tachiral and Construction Matanats 17 Koppers Multipurpose Membrane (KMM ") KMM membrane is a versatile, prefab* ricated sheet of cold-applied roofing and waterproofing membrane. It is de signed for application in new and maintenance roofing, foundations, plazas and various other areas of construction where effective water proofing is required. KMM membrane is supplied in two grades: Standard KMM Standard KMM membrane is a fivelayer laminate composed of a thick, flexible plastic core protected on each surface by a layer of modified bitumen and an outer film of polyethylene. 18 Aluminum KMM Aluminum KMM membrane is a fivelayer laminate composed of a thick, flexible plastic core which is pro tected on each side with a layer of modified bitumen. The top surface of Aluminum KMM is a heavy, embossed aluminum foil, and the bottom surface is a film of polyethylene. Both versions of KMM membrane are supplied in the form of compact, ready-to-apply rolls. Use Both KMM membranes are designed for use in various roofing and water proofing applications. Standard KMM membrane is normally used in roofing systems which incor porate an aggregate surface of where protection from the atmospheric ele ments it afforded to the KMM surface by other means. Standard KMM is ap propriate for use in vertically as well as horizontally applied waterproofing systems where surface protection is specified. . Aluminum KMM membrane is ideally used in roofing systems in which the roof slope is too steep to permit aggre gate surfacing. Aluminum KMM is also employed in flashing systems.. KMM membrane has goodtbngation properties to .withstand ndHRal struc tural movement when recommended architectural practices are followed. It is suitable for application over most decks and commonly used insulating materials which provide continuous support for the KMM membrane. KMM is a prefabricated membrane which is simple toTnstall. It results in a completely waterproof system im pervious to air, water vapor and gases. Since KMM membrane is factorymade. it provides a factory-assured quality membrane of uniform thick ness and material composition. The function of the bitumen covering is to protect the central plastic core from damage during installation, to provide the basis for the heat fusion between the sheets and to-add to the water resistance of the laminate. The adhesion to"the bitumen to the central core is positive and allows enough flexibility for the complex to give a floating, membrane effect in service. In addition, KMM membrane has ggod elongation properties so there is virtually no possibility of dam age from normal structural movement or minor substrate cracking. The Koppers method can allow con tractors to install roofing on new buildings at a much earlier stage than with conventional processes, and therefore proceed with other stages of construction. r' KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural and Construction Materials Application Easy Modification STANDARD KMM ALUMINUM KMM and Repair Standard KMM ia applied without ad* hesive in a quick and simple manner. The KMM is unrolled directly onto the roof deck or insulation with 4" end and side laps. The laps provide a joint which is subsequently sealed by heat ing with a standard propane torch. When complete, the KMM-sealed roof is covered with a protective topping. Top Surfacing Several topping systems are recom mended for use with Standard KMM, Please contact your Koppers repre sentative for details. Aluminum KMM is solidly adhered using a cold adhesive, and does not require a separate topping. It also may be applied to vertical walls and para pets. KMM Adhesive Package Size: 5 gal. containers. Weight: Approx. 55 ibs. (includes con tainer weight) Coverage: a. Roofing and Flashing Applications: 1 to 1 Vt gal. per square. KMM membrane readily accommo dates in-progress design changes such as the addition of unplanned rooftop projections, as well as any later additions or modifications to the building. In the event that KMM mem brane sustains physical damage, it is a simple procedure to repair, requir ing only a torch and appropriately sized pieces of KMM membrane. Guarantee A 5 year renewable guarantee is available for KMM membrane roofing installations. Consult your Koppers representative for details. Stonemat Topping b. Vertical and Plaza Deck Water Note: For additional information a. Fiber Qlass Batting: Minimum 1' thick unfaced batting. Roll or sheet form is acceptable.' proofing: 2 to 3 gal. per square. Color Costings for KMM Aluminum and complete details see the KMM specification manual (Sweets Catalog File No. 7.1/Kop / b. Aggregate: Either gravel, crushed aggregate or stone, graded to %" nominal size (S.P. No. 57--U.S. De partment of Commerce Simplified Field applied coatings for KMM Alumi num are available in 14 colors. For color selection, consult Koppers Mas ter Color Selection Chart 560-L under Practice Recommendation R-163). The quantity to be used is 1200 lbs. Koppers Acrylic Emulsions, Numbers 600 and 610. per square (approximately 1 Vi" thick ness of loose stone). Recommended Slopes for KMM Roof Systems 'NOTE 1: If smooth gravel having no sharp edges is available, the fiber glass batting can be eliminated. Ag gregate application by gravel buggy is recommended. Koppers recommends that the maxi mum roof slope for loose stone top ping systems be one inch per foot and that the maximum slope for the emul sion aggregate system be one and one-half inch per foot. There is no NOTE 2: Slag is not a permissible aggregate for the Stonemat Specifi cation. maximum slope for the KMM Alumi num roofing system. Bituminous Aggregate topping (BAT) BAT consists of a combination of graded ' gravel and asphalt emul sion. The recommended quantity is ' 650 to 700 lbs. per square (approxi mately % * to 1" thickness). KMM Membrane Roll Size * V. _ Standard KMM 43' x33 L.F. 118sq. ft. 107 sq. ft. coverage Aluminum KMM 43" x 33 L.F. 118 sq. ft. 107 sq. ft. coverage Thickness (nominal) 160 mils 120 mils Weight (nominal) 120 lbs./roll (includes packaging 4 core) 95 lbs./roil - (includes packaging & core) 19 Built-up Flashing Specifications General Flashings are the terminal closures of a roofing system which perform a waterproofing, and in some systems, a decorative function. Flashings must be installed at all intersections formed by vertical surfaces. Their im portance cannot be stressed too strongly. Water entering the roofing system through flashings can result in water vapor forces which will de stroy the effectiveness of the roofing. Koppers flashings are an integral part of a Koppers roof. Designed for flexibility so that slight movements do not dislodge them and fastened securely to the wall, they give many years of service. It is particularly important that the top edge of the flashing be protected by counter flashing, which will insure a diversion of the water away from any opening which might develop be tween flashing and wall.' In any case where the design or anchoring system of metal counter flashing is difficult, the top of the flashing system should be double stripped with Koppers Glasfab 4" wide set in Koppers tar base cement for Specification 110 or Koppers flashing cement in Specifi cation 108. Metal work is only useful for dec orative, water shedding, or protection against mechanical damage, and is not a waterproofing part of the flash ing system. Because of the high co efficient of expansion of sheet metals and the large temperature changes experienced on a roof, sheet metal or exposed metal components must be isolated from the waterproofing com ponents of the roofing and flashing system as efficiently as possible to prevent the metal from splitting the membrane. Flashing should be Installed as roofing progresses to prevent water damage to insulation or deck under the roofing. If this is not possible water cut-off's must be installed and later removed when flashing is in stalled. Metal counter flashing or a top seal of Glasfab and flashing ce ment must be installed as flashing progresses. The basic Koppers flashings re quire a metal cap flashing to be in serted in the raggle immediately upon completion of base flashing. The cap flashing is to extend into the raggle not less than two (2) inches and is to have not less than a four (4) inch exposed apron extending down over the base flashing. Completely fill rag gle with Koppers flashing cement. NOTE: 1. If bonded flashing is required, it must be installed in conjunction with a Koppers bonded roof and can be bonded for standard periods up to but not greater than the period for which the roofing is bonded. To be bonded, flashings must be set at least 7V4" above the roofing base. 2. Metal Cap flashings are not bondable and are not included under any flashing bond. 3. Metal work of any description used as flashing or a part of a flashing sys tem is not bondable and is not in cluded under any flashing bond. 'Note: Termination of flashing may be accomplished without metal counter flashing. Consult specification =710 on this page for specific details. Specification No. 710 (KMM Aluminum) This specification is applicable for use with any KMM membrane or builtup membrane roofing system where its terminal closure intersects a verti cal surface, such as a parapet wall. METALCAP" PRIMER AOHESIVE KMM ALUMINUM MEMBRANE Koppers Flashing Specification 710 consists of an aluminum clad KMM membrane applied to waterproof the terminal closure of the roofing system. The Aluminum KMM forms a water proof flashing system by total adhe sion to its substrate and through the use of joint heat fusion, a unique process whereby all contiguous joints are .affixed together to develop a monolithic waterproof flashing system. Application This specification system shall use Aluminum Grade KMM as the main flashing membrane. Each course of Aluminum KMM shall be unrolled and cut to appropri ate size prior to setting in place. Apply a coat of KMM Adhesive at a rate of 1 to 1 Va gal. per square to the completed roofing membrane and parapet wall. While the adhesive is still tacky, set a layer of Aluminum KMM into place extending above the top of the roofing membrane a minimum of 7Vi" and out onto the completed roofing membrane a minimum of 4 to 6". Ad jacent pieces shall be side lapped a minimum of 4". Rub or brush thoroughly to obtain proper adhesion and to remove all entrapped air out from under the flashing membrane. Heat-fuse all terminations, as well as side and end laps. The contractor shall thoroughly in spect completed flashing system at the end of each day's work. A high quality varnish-base alumi num paint may be applied to any ex posed streaks or seams of bitumen. Note: Terminations of flashing spe cification -710 may be accomplished without a sheet metal counter flash ing. For additional details see Kop pers KMM specification manual or your Koppers representative. 20 r KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural and Construction Materials Specification No. 108 (reinforced asbestos) Application Detail ~T "9 1.1 Is 1.1 i - MetW CourntK fi4tn**t -1 ttara) ;/ SS. eattu*ra*tme_dm_*M%m/'M-MT.N.'*n*w4yCMaMM ---ZyWV^rQ-IQO* *TO--a wth 0*3 Sty* ^ts o fwt oen o* *eoM S(ee aukm Steee ton "ement.nqui **pe w*u Specification No. 108 Recommanded where sunlight flush with the surface with appropriate nail Is the predominant exposure. Should be used for all high flashing. through flat tin discs. End laps for the two (2) plies shall be not METAL CAP ASBESTOS BASE (1 -1) COATED SURFACE less than three (3) inches and staggered not less than twenty-four (24) inches. End laps of reinforced base shall be nailed vertically a minimum of once into the wail Application at upper edge and once into the cant at a Extend plies of roofing felts and bitumen moppings up all walls, parapets and curbs for a distance of two (2) inches above cant strip. A raggie not less than seven and onehalf (7'/i) inches or more than twelve (12) inches above the roof deck is to be pro vided except where capped nailers are used.. Prime all masonry walls from top of roof ing felts to raggie with Koppers Asphalt Primer. Allow to dry thoroughly. In a uniform coating of Koppers Flashing Cement.* install one (1) ply of Koppers No. 15 Asphalt saturated asbestos felt extending from the raggie to not less than four (4) inches from the base of the cant onto the roof. On top of this apply a second point not lower than the mid point of the cant. End laps of reinforced base after nailing shall be covered with a strip of Koppers asbestos felt not less than four (4i inches wide set in a coating of Koppers Flashing Cement. Coat entire surface of flashing with Koppers Flashing Cement or Koppers Asphalt Roof Coating No. 454 (including nail caps along top edge of flashing as well as top edges of felts to seal at wall.) Interply and top coatings shall be trow eled uniformly, full height and continuously approximately one-eighth ('/) inch thick. Piles must be laid in smoothly with no pockets, wrinkles or buckles. Install m9tal cap flashing. uniform coat of Koppers Flashing Cement into which embed one (1) ply of Koppers `NOTE: Hot applied steep asphalt may be reinforced asbestos base flashing (rein used as an alternate to the two (2) Interply forced fabric side down . Nail with one trowelings of asphaltic plastic cement. One and one-half (1V4) inch masonry roofing (1) ply of No. 15 asphalt felt may be used nails through flat tin discs along upper in lieu of the one ply underlayment sheet edge eight (8) inches o.c. maximum into of No. 15 asphalt asbestos felt when mortar joints. For concrete construction, required. All other requirements of this nail to treated wood nailing strips set in specification must be adhered to. Specification No. 110 (For water cooled roofs only) Application Detail *aw* 'o be $*eM /r- *d*oewan<wCaoridyw4e* *****-Catena r 2 AoeoevtNo ISTarrMfesn Se tm fS!ee* **< Ce0meMnters ,, Seen* C<*M 0* jjT-ffi: ftvwn* m A nepers Concrete *rwme Oe <Cass `m fleet' CCoommeCom'w*to*V* t^etswtsfMimmc men a Specification No. 110 Recommended for water and the raggie: the first extending out onto the corrosive atmosphere exposure. deck not less than four inches from the Low capped and sealed flashings. bottom of the cant strip, and the second, METAL CAP COMPOSITION BASE (2 -r 2) COATED SURFACE one inch beyond the first. Over this apply two layers of tar saturated asbestos felt similarly imbedded in Koppers Tar Base Roof Cement, each ply extending onto the Application deck one inch beyond the preceding ply. the preceding ply. Cant strips shall be installed at the angle Nail with one and one-half (l^r) inch between the roof deck and the parapet wall barbed roofing nails through flat tin discs or any other similar perpendicular surfaces. at upper edge approximately ten (10) Extend plies of roofing felts and bitumen inches o.c. (For brick or block construc moppings up all walls for a distance of two tion, nail into vertical mortar joints. For (2) inches above cant strip. concrete construction, nail to treated wood A raggie of not less than ten (10) inches nailing strips set in flush with the surface.) above the roof deck is to be provided for Felts are not to exceed ten feet three water cooled roofs and water retain roofs. inches (10'3~> in length. Ends of connecting Pnme all masonry walls from top of roof strips are to overlap three (3) inches and ing felts to raggie with Koppers Concrete are to break at least twenty-four (24) Priming and Refractory Oil (coal tar base). inches with laps of underlying strip. Allow to dry thoroughly. All plies of felt shall be firmly pressed Set two plies of Koppers Tarred Fait in into the trowelings- of Koppers Tar Base trowelings of Koppers tar base roof cement. Roof Cement so that there will be no Have plies extending from the bottom of wnnkles in the finished surface. 21 Flashing Details GENERAL INFORMATION There are numerous flashing details that have been proven by experience over the years. There are normally a number of acceptable construction details for accomplishing one purpose. The archi tect should select a detail that best serves the purpose under the various and different condi tions concerned with the specific Job at hand. In certain cases, slight modifications are necessary to adjust a proven detail to job conditions or one method may serve better than another. The details shown in this manual are some sug gestions based on experience. Space limitations prohibit listing many others. Design or selection is a responsibility of the architect Koppers representatives are available to review flashing details to assist the architect in providing the best details for specific jobs. 7.1 Raised Edge Flashing Cement Nam Macao I" from edfe of metal impend 3" apart tnroufn neo prana weanert. 4* <6* wood Cam Memtxane Flea*** Material left Ory K vamcai fact and ta 6* O.C. at eon 7.4 Parapet/Precast or Poured Concrete Mtai Con*ttr f'asn.ng to oe Saaiaoand Tightened wtfh Wedget Treated WCaosotdnNaner FTaafwnf S#ac anoe*7l0cr#110 Watt Sheti be P'j#rtd to Eliminate Water Penetration Through Concrete to Underside of Rooting 7.5 Parapet/ Metal Curtain Wad ZPfcaa at Memorane Sat Kappa** Flamme Cement. " sr tope / 3 7.2 Raliaf Joint 2 Fries at Memerana Set *oppan Fieamne Cement Turn Oovn o*r tape FiMtwnf 10 0 C Traadtw woee Naner *****ataOett 7.3 Equipment Support 2 Plis of Mombran* m <^.~ Flashing Comonf Turned Down / * Ovf Edg* / y Nooprtot P*d noshing *100 *710 or *110 - Shoot Mtt*l 7.6 Parapat/Wall Cap Matat Coutitarftaamnf (When Required) Letsno Downward 4* Sat m Flaarunc Cement .wan Cap 2PtHof MemoraneSat m *oooers Fiasnmg Cement Turned Down over Ed|n wnerapoaMMe Cant 4" * 4' Treated Wood Nailers 22 3 Flashing Details (continued) 7.7 Tapered Cant fianftwidth 4* mimmuffl Mcrei&MiStto4 SetmKoeeert Flashing Cement N*tttaaesd l-irem edgeot met* jtfte and 3" aoert tn trearea wood n*img stno. To Flit* ot Fe*f Ftttntred owr Flan( m Co*4 Tr Bitumen or Tar flete Cement Tapered Cam '' B. tncwa 2" par foot ri Not reu man 1 4---w Deck -Ncm) 1 p\iiuimturetiort Treated Wood N*m 7.9 Hanging Gutter KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural and Construction Materials 7.8 Tapered Cant (tanga ancm 4" minimum Nutsjpeced 1 - iromeogeoi m** ttrip and 3- aoan treated wood naMnf itnp ^ pi** 0( fgnt Feemerea qv*rf Flint* in Co* Tif Bitumen or T*r Bite Cement Taoered Cant , Max .nctine 2" per toot Treated Wood N**er 7.10 Vented Edge Vent Pipee, Stacks, Flagpole*, and Other Projection* 7.11 7.12 MM*i Bid aoittd On Tap Fan Strip* Sat m ettunwo - -1 1 1------------ 7VV 1 Men. | a-- Met*) Hood LMd SI--re tenth I Flashing Comem U --J I KODPtrt Roohnf ,r |I 1 fllMIUMIMJUMUl o'-.p a 0': 1 fc>kj KWH IV Du Sat t Kcppan Flwhmf Camant All vent pip**, stacks, flagpoles, or othar projections psnstrating the built-up roofing, whether Indicated on drawing* or not, must have a proper metal sleeve flaahing with flange, pan flashing with flange or othar flanged flashing installed. Behind metal sleeve* and beneath the roofing membrane next to deck install a metal bltumee dam as shown in dstaii. Ths sheet mstal fling* must b cemented to th* surface of the felt with a mopping of hot Coal Tar Bitumen. Over flange apply, with alternate mopping*, two (2) rainforcing piiat of fait so that the first extends not less than thrs* (3) inch** bsyond th* outsr adgs of the flange and th* second not leaa than six (6) inches, 23 Flashing Details (continued) Future Columns, Sign Supports and Angls Irons 7.13 7.14 Surrounding Column At all locations where stub or future columns, sign supports and angle irons are to penetrate built-up roofing, Koppsrs recom mends wooden curbed base units with cant strips to be installed to accept standard built-up compositton-flashmg system. Where structural steel section extends beyond "stub" height, metal cap flashings with tight fit to the structural section must be fabricated and continuously welded to the projection to assure a watertight metal cap. For pitch pocket design consult your local Koppers sales representative. 7.15 Curbed Expansion Joint 7.16 Roof Drain Srrmrm Curb expansion joints are to be flashed in accordance with Koppers specifications for parapet walla and must provide nailing to hold metal cap and flashing membrane in place. Metal cap must be designed to expand so as not to disturb flashing. it is the responsibility of the designer of the building to provide for adequate expansion joints. For the protection of the roofing system against splits caused by expansion and contraction, Koppers recommends that an expansion joint be installed: (1) on large roof areas at least every 200 feet in each direction, (2) at all places where the structural supports and roof assembly change direction. (3) where type of adjoining deck materials change. Where control, expansion, or contractlon.jolnts are provided in structural steel, deck material, or deck'system, provisions must be made tor continuation through the roofing syttem. See (Expansion Joints) Page 6. All roof drains shall be provided with metal roof drain flashing ftangea which extend at least 12* beyond drain opening and shall be stripped with felt in accordance with drain detail. All drains should be provided with expansion Joint sleeves. The sheet metal flange furnished with the drain must be ce mented to the surface of the felt with hot Coal Tar Bitumen or flashing cement Over the flange apply, with- alternate moppings or trowelinga, two (2) reinforcing piles of felt so that the first ex tends not less than three (3) inches beyond the outer edge of the flange, and thejecond not less than tixS) inchas. Roof drains'must-be of a type provided with a wide lead or copper flange. Strainer construction should provide adjustment for meeting variationa in roof level or slope. To obtain proper drainage, roof drains should be located at points of lowest expected deflection in roof deck. Special care must be taken to prevent bitumen migration into drain openings. 24 /'"V Hashing Details (continued) 7.17 Roof Vent KOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural and Construction Materials 7.18 Pftdi Pocket Dim*umt*w*m**m* mtwmmeaemw*ea$ w Loom Insulation Koppers Poos not recommend occasions! or spot vonts through ths root os tho only vonting method or substitute tor underside or continuous vented systems. There may be certain instances where spot or mushroom-type vents might be deemed advisable by ths designer tor a new building (eg. at expansion joints tor vent relief on long run underside continuous venting systems, etc. Although controversial, the "Pitch Pocket" is one of the most frequently used design, details. Tho sheet metal flange must bo cemented to the surface of the felt with hot coal-tar-bitumen or flashing cement. Over the flange apply, with alternate moppings, two (2) reinforcing plies of tarred felt so that tho first extends not less than three (3) inches beyond the outer edge of the flange and the second no less than six (6) Inches. Fill metal pan with hot coal-tar-bitumen or flashing cement. Paint exposed sections of alt reinforcing rods with dampproofing paint. 7.21 Roof Opening Curbs extending a nominal 8 inches to 12 inches above roof surface shall be provided at all openings for skylights, ventilators, expansion joints, etc., to pro vide for installation of adequate base flashing. Skylight Condensate Gutter Ventilator Flashing Nailed 10"0.C. Flashing Specs. #108 #710 or #110 Koppers Roofing Wood Cant 4" x 4" Treated Wood Nailers 25 Koppers Roof Bond/Guarantees Program Bonds and Guarantees are available for listed specifications in this man ual. To qualify for a Koppers Roofing Bond or Guarantee, 'roofing and flashing must be constructed in ac cordance with Koppers Specifica tions, with Koppers materials, and by a roofing contractor approved by Koppers. ROOF BOND PROGRAM I. Description Koppers bonds are available tor 10, 15 or 20 year terms, and only cover built-in roofing and flashings where approved. Koppers will issue a standard roof bond for Coal Tar Bitumen flat or low slope roofing and will include such Koppers steep asphalt roofing as re quired in conjunction with the fiat or low slope roofing, provided, the steep roofing does not exceed 25% of the total roofing to be bonded. All roofing to be' bonded must be constructed in conformance with Koppers specifi cations. Koppers bonds are not available for residential roofing. Koppers bonds are transferrable upon timely written notice of change of property ownership. * NOTE: Koppers roof bonds provide for repairs of leaks to the roofing not occasioned by defects in the building, abuse or extreme weather conditions during the term of the bond up to the monetary limit specified in the bond. II. Coverage A. Roof bonds provide for the fol lowing general benefits: 1. Use of quality materials. 2. Use of time proven specifica tions. 3. Roof application by a roofer knowledgeable in the application techniques of Koppers products. 4. Discussion of specifications during the planning stages and during construction. 5. Assistance to the owner as nec essary for items such as leaks to the roofing not occasioned by building defects or additional roof projections, etc. which relate to the performance of the roofing. 6. Flashing membranes covered on request only. B. Roof Bonds DO NOT cover the repair, installation, or replacement cost of the following: 1. Decking Materials 2. Vapor barriers 3. Insulation Products 4. MetalWork 5. Products in the roof assembly furnished by others. 6. Damage to the bonded roofing or flashing caused by the use of the products listed in 1 through 5 above, their installation or attachment. 7. Vandalism or owner abuse. 8. All other items presented in the sample bond presented above: C. Koppers bonds are available within the Continental United States in all cases except those areas where Koppers does not presently provide inspection service. D. Built-up flashing may be bonded for terms up to but not exceeding the term for which the roof is bonded. E Charges for the roofing bonds are made on a per square (100 sq. ft.) basis of the roofing membrane. F. Koppers reserves the right to cancel the bond if the roof is damaged due to causes not covered by the bond it It is determined its satisfactory per formance tor the remaining term of the bond is impaired. Cancellation due to damage of this type does not provide for any refund of the original charge. HOPPERS 7.1/Ko Architectural nd Construction Materials Contact a Koppers Sales Office Near You 'Bessemer. Alabama 35020 (Birmingham) P O. Box 752 205-744-9110 'Commerce. California 90040 (Los Angeles) 5900 S. Eastern Avenue Suite 104 213-726-8666 Burlingame. California 94010 (San Francisco) 1801 Murchison Drive 415-692-3330 'Elmhurst. Illinois 60126 (Chicago) 188 Industrial Drive 312-833-3380 Southfield. Michigan 48075 (Detroit) 24800 Northwestern Highway 313-352-3920 St. Paul. Minnesota 55104 1000 N. Hamline Avenue 612-646-7801 Kansas City. Missouri 64111 Room 5 V.F W. Building 816-531-6680 St. Louis. Missouri 63101 706 Chestnut Street 314-241-8096 'West Orange. New Jersey 07052 Paragon Building 10 Rooney Circle 201-736-9150 Charlotte. North Carolina 28203 1409 East Boulevard ' P O Box 3186 704-375-4427 Wickliffe. Ohio 44092 30060 Lakeland Blvd. , 216-944-3800 Tulsa. Oklahoma 74103 310 Thompson Building 918-583-2233 Portland. Oregon 97229 7540 N W. St. Helens Rd. 503-286-3681 'Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania 15219 1028 Koppers Bldg. 412-391-3300 Houston. Texas 77015 Old Industrial Rd. P O Box 9746 713-453-5446 'District Offices KOPPERS Architectural and Construction Materials OM4796 f