Document mBOLOx04dq85woNmvYyxxGDJb

FILE NAME Brakes BRK DATE 1972 Aug DOC BRK126 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION NIOSH Report - Air Sampling & Industrial Hygiene Survey - Genuine Parts Co Rayloc AIR SAMPLING & INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SURVEY @ GENUINE PARTS COMPANY RAYLOC DIVISION ATLANTA GEORGIA Survey Conducted By JOHN M. DEMENT PATRICK J. SHULER Report Prepared By JOHN M. DEMENT PATRICK J. SHULER Division NATIONAL Environmental Environmental Investigations Branch HEALTH of Field Studies and Clinical Investigations INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & 1014 Broadway Cincinnati Ohio 45202 August 1972 REPRODUCED INFORMATION NATIONAL TECHNICAL SERVICE r 1.3 DEPARDTEPMARETMNENTT OFCOMMERCE ae PLACE VISITED DATE OF TRIP PERSONS MAKING TRIP PERSONS CONTACTED PURPOSE OF TRIP Rayloc 4200 Gordon Road Atlanta Georgia Phone : 404-691-3780 July 17-19 1972 John M. Dement Patrick J. Shuler Mr. Edward Kipling Plant Manager Mr. Thomas Damiel Production Manager To conduct an industrial hygiene survey and take asbestos and lead dust samples in the plant INTRODUCTION During the week of July 17-21 1972 an industrial hygiene survey and air sampling for asbestos and lead dusts were conducted at the Rayloc Division of the Genuine Parts Company Atlanta Georgia From the sample results and industrial hygiene survey several conclusions can be drawn The following paragraphs discuss plant operations and industrial hygiene practices along with conclusions and recommendations DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT The plant is located west of Atlanta and employs approximately 540 people operating on three shifts of these Workers about 50 come into contact with brake linings or clutch facings on a routine basis This facility was constructed by Genuine Parts Company in 1959 for the purpose of rebuilding various automotive automotive parts The plant is enclosed under one roof additions having been made over s^>te s^>te the years to the original plant Genuine Parts Company provides consultation to assist Rayloc and their other divisions with any safety and industrial hygiene problems These services are also provided by Sentry Rayloc's insurance company The production manger is responsible for safety in the plant and is chairman of a five member safety committee which meets each month The union Teamsters Local 528 is also actively involved in the safety program in the plant The medical program consists of local physician retained as a time consultant and workers trained in first aid who are always in the plant A employment physical is given which includes a chest ray and blood and urine analysis No pulmonary function tests or further physical examinations are Products of the plant presently include rebuilt starters generators alternators water pumps fuel pumps clutch pressure plates and relined clutch dises and brake shoes Cluten disc and brake shoe relining has been done here since the plant opened DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESSES The processes sampled were the relining of riveted and bonded brake shoes and clutch dises A. Brake Shoe Relining The used brake assemblies are first sorted according to size The old worn linings are removed next Riveted linings are sheared off and bonded linings are burned off Next the shoes are degreased by heat if necessary then cleaned in a Wheelabrator which uses high velocity steel shot to abrade the surfaces The shoes are then dipped in a corrosion| inhibitor and straightened if needed Next the new linings are either assemblies riveted or are bonded to the shoe are then surface ground to provide All relined the correct radius of curvature inspection and packed The for finished products shipment are given a final - B. Clutch Disc Relining The used clutch dises are first wheelabrated with the old friction pad still on to insure that the thin metal torque members are not damaged Next the old friction surface is removed by deriveting the clutch disc with either a drill or punch press A new pad is riveted on the disc the whole assembly is inspected and boxed for shipment SURVEY PROCEDURES The actual sampling for asbestos fibers and lead dust was confined to the brake and clutch rebuilding areas since these were the only areas using these materials No other exposures were noticed in to toluene in the starter the rest of the plant with rebuilding area Personal were collected on workers at each of the steps in the of relining brakes and clutches in order to determine jobs if any pose potential health problems potential exception samples process which Samples were collected on a Millipore Type AA cellulose ester membrane filter The type of pump used at a calibrated flow of 1.7 minute was a MSA permissible personal air sampler Analysis for asbestos fibers was done by counting fibers greater than 5 ...m in length at a magnification of 430x under a phase contrast microscope The amount of lead was determined same by chemical analysison the filters as the ascestos concentration was evaluated An industrial hygiene survey of the plant was also conducted to try to evaluate general housekeeping and ventilation systems INSPECTION OF THE PLANT PLANT Potential Health Hazards Health Hazards The potential health hazards which were noticed during the survey are as follows follows : 1. Exposure to asbestos dust during brake and cluten relining 2. Lead exposure from lining materials during brake and clutch relining 3. Toluene exposure during insulation coating of various armatures Measurements were made of both asbestos dust and lead exposure in each of the friction operation No measurements of solvent exposure were ide Personal Protection Safety glasses are required in certain areas of the plant Approximately 40 of the plant employees wear safety glasses Respirators are not required in production operations however respirators are required when cleaning or repairing the bag dust collectors Safety shoes are not required but the company does have a program to aid in their purchase A noise study has been conducted in the plant recenti sv Ser- Insurance Mr. Kipling indicated that the only operation near the 90 dba present standard was grinding No hearing protection is required at the present time Ventilation ~ Local exhaust ventilation is provided on all 3 brake lining grinders and on all 5 Wheelabrator cleaning machines These machines are vented to 6 Wheelabrator bag dust collectors Figure 1 shows a layout of the friction products area of the plant along with locations of the dust collectors and their respective capacities Velocity asurements at the entrance to the grinder hoods showed velocities ranging from 600 fpm to 1100 fpm No ventilation is provided at the clutch deriveting operation Housekeeping In general the plant was quite well kept with sufficient room to minimize overcrowding All floor cleaning is done with vacuum sweepers on a continual basis Compressed air is used for cleaning but all outlets have low pressure nozzles Results and Discussion The results of this survey are presented in Table 1. The present standard for asbestos was published in the Fecerai Register on June 7 1972. In essence the standard is as fol lows: The hour weighted average airborne concentration of asbestos fibers which any employes maybe exposed shall not exceed five fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air as determined by the membrane filter method at 400-450x magnification 4 millimeter objective phase contrast illumination No employes shall be exposed at any time to airborne asbestos fibers in excess of ten fibers longer than five micrometers per cubic centimeter of air On July 7 1976 a new standard of 2.0 fibers greater than 5 micrometers in length per cubic centimeter of air will be effective None of the 45 samples exceeded the present standard for asbestos the highest value being 4.8 fibers fibers greater than 5 micrometers in length per milliliter There were only three samples that exceeded the future asbestos standard of 2.0 fibers All of these samples were taken on person deriveting old clutch facings by drilling out the rivets A total of four samples were taken at this operation the mean being 2.6 fibers Surface grinding produced the second highest average excosure its value being 1.4 fibers All other operations had an average value at or below 1.0 fibers Lead concentrations were very low except for the clutch de- rivating and brake shoe sorting operations rd The present standard for lead dust exposure is 0.15 mg results are also given in Table . CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS- From the sample results and the industrial hygiene survey the following conclusions and recommendations are made 1. There was no operation that had asbestos exposures in excess of the present standard of 5 fibers The only operation in excess of the future standard of 2.0 fibers was the removal of old clutch facings by drilling This Operation also had lead exposures in excess of the present standard of 0.15 mParticle size estimates of the lead particles has shown that 80 of the particles were less than 3.5u in diameter and would therefore by respirable Due to the high lead exposures local exhaust ventilation should be | added at these drills immediately 2. Lead concentrations in the old shoe sorting operation _ were also above the present standard of 0.15 mParticle Size estimates on these samples has shown that 85 of these particles were smaller than the 3.54 respirable diameter The high concentrations appear to be the result of brake lining west dust clinging to old brake shoe assemblies Our past experience has shown that most wear dust contains approximately 62 lead by weight Two possible solutions to this problem would be to either first wet or vacuum off the brake assemblies before sorting 3 There was a detectable toluene odor in the area of <ne ature possible dip tank Although this odor was present that toluene concentrations are well below it is highly the present standard of 100 ppm the 2.1 ppm In any event odor threshold for toluene is toluene concentrations should only be determined for this area and local exhaust If levels are found excessive 100 ppm ventilation Installed ny Due to the elevated lead exposures found in the brake sorting shoe operation and clutch derivating operation blood these lead levels should be determined for workers in areas A program of periodic blood lead checks should be established . . . + (bh soca 22 .0e 10 REFERENCES . Edwards G.H. and J.R. Lynch The Method Used by the U.S. Public Health Service for Enumeration of Asbestos Dust on Membrane Filters Am Occup Hyg 1-6 1968 2 Keenan Robert G. etal The U.S.P.H.S. Method for Determining Lead in Air and in Biological Materials Am Ind Hyg Assoc Journal 481-491 1963 3 Interoffice Report on Garage Lead Exposures March 16 1972 . : oe . . . a oan Be: aawame aewee '. etme ~ con SBsartogia O05} oca oo) 4WHd W ef ENO Ly ec | SIL. wes PRODUCTyVu . ~4 _: L v - PRODUCT SWOLIAVOD 8 ' 7 LHOAALINM =ea teWe jy = Cart i ne me 43019Asveie Avtaren HAG | . . em CLPITES 1-6359CFM . otS7 oS 1-6359CFM ee LWMQ0Ud and Aigrasy SimArqeatsy mo, MAINT + 3-1 0 Oe en eee | Cone " _: 13 " 11 BONDER . WER 11 tb oop ne. suivd | . 4, NNN TT : | I i COMPCOMP ; 12 . 1 TABLE RESULTS OF SURVEY AT RAYLOC Atlanta Georgie | July 17-19 1978 JOB SAMPLE f Brake Shoe Section Sort old brake shoes 584422E2uff Sort old brake shoes 584422E2uff Deriviter brake shoes 584422E2uff Load old bonded shoes in oven that removes lining 584422E2uff Load old bonded shoes in oven that removes lining 584422E2uff Wheelabrator brake shoes 584 2 E2uf Wheelabrator brake shoes t 584 2 E2uf Wheelabrator brake shoes 584422E2uff Wheelabrator brake shoes 584422E2uff Apply adhesive to linings 584 2 E2uf Apply adhesive to linings 584422E2uff Riviter neiger = Riviter helper ~ Riviter == Riviter Riviter == Rivitor # Riviter 82 Rivitar 82 Rivicar . = ; Riviter % Rivitor 57447 Inspector after rivit 57447 Sonder 57447 Bender 57447 Sander . ** CONCENTRATIONS ASTESTOS PIZES Fibers bum in length DET 2 oEis == - 1.0 0.2 1.0 0.4. 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0. 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.4 1.2 0.3 0.32 0.21 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.12 | 0.11 0.08 0.2 $37 Q.25 3.22 0 0.06 0.12 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.17 0.06 0.05 .06 0.06 0.14 13 Rayloc Sample Results Atlanta Georgia Page 2 GF JOS Surface Grinder Surface Grinder Surface Grinder inspector Inspector inspector Inspector Packer by grinder by grinder by grinder final product Packar Clutch Parring Section Wheelabrator clutch facings Derivit clutch facings punch press Derivit clutch facings drilling Derivit clutch facings drilling Derivit clutch facings drilling Darivit clutch facings drilling Riviter clutch facings Rivitar clutch facings Packer clutch facings SAMPLE s 513883882 513883882 513883882 513883882 513883882 513883882 513883882 513883882 513883882 CONCENTRATIONS _ ASBESTOS STREAS Pibere Sum in length Der ml arg ogre 1.5 1.0 1.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.10 0.05 0.09 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.03 0.09 0.07 wwwwwwwYN 0.6 wwwwwwwYN 0.19 0.9 0.06 wwwwwwwYN 2.8 wwwwwwwYN 4.8 - 0.30 0.25 wwwwwwwYN 044MN 0.70 wwwwwwwYN 044MN 0.21 wwwwwwwYN 044MN 0.07 wwwwwwwYN 0.3 0.04 |. wwwwwwwYN 044MN .07