Document mBG560mX3wLX92oyzZmV116zk

FILE NAME Industrial Hygiene Foundation IHF DATE 1953 Aug 3 DOC IHF093 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Unpublished IHF Report - Structure and Dust Characteristics of Sorb with Cover Letter to Manville August 3, 1253 Johns Manager Mr. Hugh Jackson Mr. Industrial Program Johns Corporation 22 New York Street New York New York New studies Dear Hught concercing laboratory enclosed memoranda concerning concerning laboratory laboratory studies studies ; the these fsiunbdjects cited in your cloentcteerrnJ ing uly Delay on forwarding forwarding forwarding was caused from to you vacation schedules absences other the office of certain from other absences deleted costs and starting starting in this stage and and purposely estimates as have clarification clarification technical starting studies wished to procedure procedure studies agreement mutual aspects aspects costs costs procedure procedure research research appended starting starting dates easily appended The and costs can dates 10 and Tho I of August August few days the week and 31. If you and York Smith like to have me mest mest it. dates I arrange arrange also you either those those will be pleased pleased date Kindsat Kindsat those with you Kindsst personal regards Sincerely , M.D. Managing Director M.D. Director Director e Dr. ces pr. Konneth Smith to Dr. Smith enclosed also cc of memorandunt 440 FOUNDATION OF MELLON INSTITUTE, 13, PA. PiTTSsAauRGH August 3. 13. PROJECTS rn MEMORANDUM RESEARCH MEMORANDUM CORPORATION MANVILLE THF ee Characteristics of Sorb Structure and Dust dust would study and characteristics of Hy-Sorb study the structure A crystaline crystalline tree diffraction to determine three steps ( ray require give information tnformatloa analysis and if so the amount 2 screen present silica bs determine amount amount of dust arnount of Haas, and 3 field studies to pa the disseminated working conditions e@etoally procedures | into the air under actual routine require require a0 + are simple Ths lirat two trons ecessary clad ecessary would the studies would conduct field know consideration, To fal clad a obtain obtain cooperation | cooperation which are using Sorb > couros sampling permit would would couros bs durtas actual use the material material possible stimulate in plant it is believed believed actual working conditions have tests would tests ht. Laboratory Laboratory tests wei, teats to the dissemination dissemination dual dual dual have been used measured alter dropped studying provide valuable information information information is through compounds when studying obtala con.perative data cuta, obtala cou.perativs The results {or any a distance buch tests tosls e compounds order to to wt compound would be a ol ; s | INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATIO . -. OF AMERICA INC 2 . relatively luule value unless it were possible to compare it to another come pound since only one substance is involved this test might well be ainitted Relative ioxicity of Marine and Fresh Water Water Diatomaceous Diatomaceous Earth e Slace the lafor.nation desired is relative toxicity the intratracheal Insufflation test is well suited for this purpose | It is proposed therefore to stud~fl six dusis namely natural calcined and calcined marine diatu- maceous earth and the corresponding fresh water diatomaceous earth The Tat would be used as the experimental animal and the dust administered in permit single dose Sufficient animals would be used in each group to sacri- fice at 3 6 and 12 months with the remainder being held for 18 months Thus comparative information would be obtained on relative short effects as well as time effects The Relative Toxicity of Various Asbestos Fibers tw qa : Again alace the AY v \ intratracheal insufflation objective la tests should to obtain relative toxicity data the give meaningful information The pro- . cedure in general would parallel that for the marine and fresh water diatomaceous earth previously outlined The study could be limited to crocidolite chrysotile and amosite and we would wish to work closely with you in selecting the material . for the test : ~ - - we ses Se re ee eee we we wee x INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC 3 Toxicity of Massive Dose by Inhalation of Diatomite It is believed that information obtained by the intratracheal insuf- flation tests of the diatomaceous earth previously outlined would give a partial answer to this quastion Periodic intratracheal insufflation tests would give additional information However actual inhalation tests would be required | for a more precise evaluation _ The design of equipment for test procedure for exposing animals intermittently to massive concentrations of the dust can readily be accomplished In order to have a basis for comparison it would be necessary to conduct chronic exposures This in turn would necessitate fixing a proper level for the chronic exposures If the intratracheal insuf- flation tests were conducted first these data would be helpful in selecting exposure levels However if such tests are not conducted first is possible that information available on exposures in industry would provide the nec- essary information Threshold Limit for Calcined Diatomaceous Earth Products The threshold limits of 5 million particles per cubic foot for quarts was established from human experience through inhalation So far no one has ever established a toxicity limit for producing dust through waofinal experimentation It is of course possible through animal exparimentation to obtain comparative results which would be helpful in indicating the possible magni- . VOUSTRIAL . VOUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC 4, tude of a threshold for this dust in comparison with silica dust This problem In particular we feel should be given very careful consideration before atten.pting to answer the question by animal experimentation While undoubtedly meaningful and worthwhile information could be obtained a careful appraisal of the limitations of such data should be understood Possible Relationship of Asbestosis and Cancer of the Lung Oo The results published by certain investigators indicating a high inci- dence of lung cancer in persons suffering from asbestosis apparently are at varlance with the experience of some other observers There are several possible explanations for the divergence of these observations It is possible that variations in the type of operation or the characteristles of the fiber'may fiber'may play a role and confirmatory information is needed regarding the diagnosis of both the asbestosis and the cancer of lung Until the necessary data are obtained by means of a scientific epidemiologic study the difference of opinioa will continue to exist and no convincing evidence will be available to either side It is proposed therefore that the study to be undertaken will include 1. A critical review of the literature with detailed study of cassa reported by Marewether and Hauper who claim a high incidence of lung Cancer among workers showing asbestosis these *: 2. A detailed study of the operations in which workers were lovolved with reference to the exact type of fiber to which they were exposed * VOUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATIOI OF AMERICA INC . , , ; 5 . of the proposed study on the relative toxicity of chrysolile ainosite and cro- lulite fiuers would be correlated with this portion of the aurvey 3. Statistical Statistical study of both asbestosia and carcinoma cases to determine the basis on which the diaguosia was ruade 4. A parallel statistical study of a sufficiently large group of unaffected | workers to serve as a control uciore undertaxing such an extensive epidemiological survey it will be necessary to determine whether the required areas for investigation are avullable We would wish to know how many plants we might have access to and to what extent the information outlined above might be accessible It is anticipated that a proper study of this sort would reveal infor- ination pertinent to the problem of asbestosis as well as contributing spacific knowledge regarding the possible connection between carcinoma and beatosis Sw vd tk INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE Pittsburgh 13. Pa August 3 1953 MEMORANDUM ON RESEARCH PROJECTS FOR MANVILLE CORPORATION . Structure and Dust Characteristics of Sorb A study of the structure and dust characteristics of Sorb would to determine if require three steps 1 ray diffraction crystalline free silica is present and if so the amount 2 screen analysis to give information en the amount of fines and 3 field studies to determine the amount of dust actually disseminated into the air under actual working conditions and The first two items simple routine procedures and require no special consideration To conduct the field studies it would be necessary to know companies which are using Sorb and obtain their cooperation to Parinit sampling during actual use of the material It would of course be possible to simulate working conditions but it is believed that actual plant dests would have greater weight Laboratory tests have been used in which the dissemination of dust is measured after the dust is dropped through a certain distance Buch toats provide valuable information whed studying several compounds to order to oe elu. SN eee MUATIMO UATION N OF AMERICA INC L. L. relativel little value taless it were possible to compare it to another compod pod since only one sibstance is involved this test night well be omitted elative loxicit of Marine and Fresh Vater Vater Diatomaceous Diatomaceous Earth Since the infor.nation desired is relative toxicity the intratracheal insufflation test la well suited for this purpose is proposed therefore to study six dusts namely natural calcined and calcined marine diato- maceous earth and the corresponding fresh water diatomaceous earth The rat woulbde used as the experimental animal and the dust administered in a single dose Sufficient animals would be used in each group to permit sacri- fice at 3 6 and 12 months with the remainder being held for 18 months Thus comparative information would be obtained on relative short effects as well as time effects The Relative Toxicity of Various Asbestos Fibara Again since the objective is to obtain relative toxicity data the fatratracheal insufflation tests should give meaningful information The pro- cedure in general would parallel that for the marine and fresh water diatomaceous earth previously outlined The study could be limited to crocidolite chrysotile and amosite and we would wish to work closely with you in selecting the material for the test ; Cvetla oe Sco VES eee PST M a E e G Mo st n s e t *. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC . 3 Toxielly of Massive Dose by Inhalation of Diatonite It is believed that information obtained by the intratracheal insuf- flation tests of the diatomaceous earth previously outlined would give a partial answer to this question Periodic intratracheal insufflation tests would give additional information However actual inhalation tests would be required evaluation ora more precise The design of equipment for test procedure for exposing concentrations animals intermittently to massive of the dust can accomplished basis . ' readily be In order to have a for comparison it would be necessary to conduct chronic exposures This in turn would necessitate fixing a proper level for the chronic exposures If the intratracheal insuf- flation tests were conducted first these data would be helpful in selecting exposure levels However I such tests are not conducted first it is possi- blo that information available on exposures in industry would provide the nec- essar information information oe a Se Threshold Limit for Calcined Diatomaceous Earth Products cable fout The threshold limita of 5 milliou particles per for quarta established fan fan experience through inhalation wo far one has ever established a toxicity limit for producing dust taro gh ani al experimentation It of course possible through animal experimentation to obitio comparative results which would be helpful in indicating the possible magni- - ce . . . . . 4: . " : . INC.USTRIAL INC.USTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC . . . < comparison tude of a tareshold for this disi to with silica dist dist This proble~-n in particular we feel should be given very careful consideration before attempt- ing to answer the question by animal experimentation While undoubtedly meaningful and worthwhile information could be obtained a careful appraisal of the limitations of such data should be understood Possible Relationship of Asbestosis and Cancer of the Lung The results published by certain investigators indicating a high inci- dence of lung cancer in persons suffering from asbestosis apparently are at variance with the experience of some other observers There are several possible explanatious for the divergence of these observations It is possible characteristics fiber that variations in the type of operation or the of the may play a role and confirmatory information is needed regarding the diagnosi of both the asbestosis and the cancer of lung Until the necessary data are obtained by means of a scientific epidemiologic study the difference of opinion will continue to exist and no convincing evidence will be available to either side is proposed therefore that the study to be undertaken will include 1. A critical review of the literature with detailed study of cases reported by Merewether and Heuper who claim a high incidence of lung Cancer among workers showing asbestosis 2. A detailed study of the operations in which these workers were lavolved with reference to the exact type of fiber to which they were exposed duration of exposure and information relating to age sex and race . FR. ry . . * ~ oe i a hae oa ST Aay . . * af ioe . . ee eee . a ne =< ' Gus ' ' relative relative relative relative i i os . ' te . 2 tse rtdie, A : vbieos and sys -15 1 -15 at be i ah Neiviias HR .. .. ee --! Sorrel ove ee wae of. ls portio portio portio own 2 so oe. - 3. Statistical st.d of opth savetats savetats and care s the wa na un which The dia ausis was made le 7. parailed statistical study of a sufficiently large group of unaffected workers to serve as w control _elore uncertaing a.ch an extensive eptuemiological survey it will be necessary to determine whether the required areas for investigation are available We would wish to know how many plants we might have access | to and to what extent the inforination outlined above might be accessible It is anticipated that a proper study of this sort would reveal infor- nation pertineatto the problem of asbestosis as well as contributing specific ~ knowledge regarding the possible connection between pulmonary carcinoma and waves.usl^