Document kmvGBaw7zqaDmpEVN5rgjJ6aJ

FILE NAME: Owens Illinois (OWILL) DATE: 1952 Jan 30 DOC#: OWILL052 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Confidential Report - Investigation Concerning the Capacity of Inhaled Kaylo Dust to Injure the Lung with Cover Letter THE TRUDEAU FOUNDATION POR THE CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PULMONARY DISEASE I uuc UUU. AT T*U M U , ,, .y . T H E SARANAC LABORATORY T H l T R U D EA U FO U N D ATIO N TH t tru deau scho o l THE OERARTM EHT OF FH YSID LO Cy TH E O ERA RTH EH T O f BIOCHEM ISTRY Frtmsrr 7. itfglRe r U a O r C tke AU h L T of ABOR r a d io A TO RY l o g y V r. V 0. Baaard la d n a trla l le le tlo n e Stirici pc eeoa-Illlnoia 01ab a Coapaigr Toledo 1, Ohio I Oort B i l l : Bererlth le t: e finsi report of pur atodle concerni** The Copacity of Inhaled Kaylo a d lo tnjure Ihe bang. Ti ore ondotl*/: Tour copi for diatrlbution hy yen. One eepy Ib i hoce cani lo Boetor Shook Tot kit lnforadian end va are. retalnln* a copy for enr filea. I < The r e m it i of th in riatleatlo n v lth bl&IbaI b ehov that la y lo dnat la copahle o f producine * porlhroneMolar fib roaia typ ieel of eibeateala. The dnit alce beo e llf b t ly unferorabla Influenct upon tuherculoui in fe c tio c . Althou*h artrapoletion frc* alise i lo experlence l t d i f f i c n l t , aerertheleaa tho re volta of th atudy Indicata tbe.t erery preceuticra ohould he takan to proVtet vorkera a*ainat SnhalLn* th dnat. thorefore, ontrol netrure ahould ha diroetod to reduela* Iha aacunt o f atmoip^erlc dnat, eapeelally at tboae polnta of oparaticm obera duat la generatod. Oolt raport of PCa 29. 1951 ooncernLn^ Ihe ln du ctrlal hygieoe aurroy *ay he o f help to fon la thia r* *ard. To hope io jm hlloh ih la otudy o lth e r eo p arataly or la oohIns t i od v i t i a lr lle .r otudlaa p ertaln l& g to ether d n a t. l a dot a f o, hoarar, roference v i l i he vada only 1 tcrdrona c a lc in a s i l i c a t a and aot to * Ia y lo t* thua th In te r e a t o f your Coatasy v i l i ho o a fe tmarded. Of ecura# th f l a a l aanuaerlpt v i l i he forrardod to yen fo r rv rle v h ofor* heln/r releaaod to tho tw h llib e r. Tour eow ant la tk ia renard vonld aao lat n t c ro a tly la preporla* th aaau eerlp t. t a tubai it in e ih la f i n a l r a p o r t. a*y l expreaa te yen and othara o f tha Coarpany m r atacara e p p rtela tlo n fo r bari ac bed tha p r im e v e o f e o ila v o ra tin e v lt h tho O ro n e -Illln o la 01aa Covpaay la tha atndy f X s y le . The e cllB b o ra tio n haa alvaya hoon aoat pleaaaat and a tlv a la tln *. Ty or try heat v i ah. iaecroly yonra, UT: 13 * * . <*) OC: C. T. feM k. Arthur / . Torvald. i . t . tir odor ^ r u h i ^ D '4~ iudtcLh J3 -- L - CONFIDENTIAL im 'S T IG A 'n O U CONGERNTtiG THE CAPACITY OF I1JHALED JCALQ DOST TO INJURE THE LU?-iG to O v r o n s -Illiu o is G la s s Company T oledo, Ohio by The Saranac L ab o ratory Saranac L a k e , New York Jorranry 30, .1952 Subnivfcecl by: ;Ur J . Vo^TcId, Y .D , ro tor, The Meranac L ab o ratory and aid ;nv. fo un d ation 1 In cooperation with: Tho.cno Durban, FEE. P h ilip C . P r a t t , M.D. Edward C , J . Urban, I I ,S . Anthony B, Dolahant Donald A, B a ila y iai'..'. i.ypo."\: C w o n u -Illin o ia l-oQ~52 i -e i g u i o a t i o *: coricuruiiDG tl c a p a c it y op ilaled kaylo dust TO IUJuTc.C THE LUI.'G I . Ifl'iT.ODUCTIOH In 1943 tho O vJ033"Illin oiB Glaon Company had developed to tho p i l o t p la n t stage a ner.v in d u s t r ia l p ro d u ct, known qs K a y lo , "nich could be u3sd as a thermal in s u la tin g nutcri:?.! tnd fo r other applications). According to in form ation su p p lied by tho company, t h i s product v.Q3 proem d by b o a tin g under otocim pronsuro a suspension o f calciu m h yd ro xid e, s i l i c a , and aabootoo to form a hydratod oalciura. s i l i c a t e . S tu d io s a t Tho Saranac Laboratory Sherrod t h a t although th e p r in c ip a l component o f Kaylo vrac the hydrated calcium s i l i c a t e , 3omo unchanged raw m a te ria l a , in c lu d in g asb e sto s and fr e e s i l i c a in tixo form o f quanta or diatem acsous e a rth ,'tro ro a ls o prenant in the f i n d p rod u ct. B efore Kaylo was uood com m ercially on a la rg o s c a le , i t '.vas im portant to determine whether or no t auy dust lib e r a te d from t h ia px'cduct during m anufacture, han dlin g or fa b r ic a tio n would bo lik e ly to co n s titu te a re s p ira to ry hazard to exno3od in d iv id u a ls . T herefore, a comprehensive in v e s t ig a t io n was undertaken in which tho o f f s e t o f in h a led Kaylo dust on a n im a l3 wan s tu d ie d , Tho in v e s t ig a t io n Tree s ta rte d in February 1943 and was cu rrie d on fo r more than fi.vo y e a r s . I t explored tho nature o f th pulmonary t i 33ue re a c tio n to in h a led Kaylo dust in normal anim als and in anim als harboring a tub orcu lous in f e c t io n . In t h i s f i n a l report of the study tho p rin cip al find ings given in previous interim rep o rts w i l l co roviorod b r i o f l y and the co n clu sio n s derived from tho e n tir e experim ental program T rill bo s ta te d . - 1- F in a l P.3p o rt Ovrans-->I l l i n o i s l-3 0 ~ 5 2 I I . DUSTIUG M-TSHI/lL IJSr.D Tbs me/toric.! used fo r gonoratiag atmospheric duct in tho experim ental duob room wan fi n e ly >d i7 i dod Kr*ylo obtained from the duct c o lle c t o r s o f tho B e r lin , Now Je r s e y p la n t, in which Kayla i s m anufactured. Tho m atoriul was rocoived in separate shipments, as follow s: Lot /rl - Received in January 19-55. #2 " " February 1947. #3 <=> " n January 1949, A. Composition: The r o s u its o f chem ical and petrographic a n a ly s is o f a representative cample o f the m a teria l as received a t Tho Saranac Laboratory, are givon in ta b la 1,, I t m i l be noted th a t the only csbecitos m ineral rovoaled by the potrographic examination o f t h is sample ie ch ry e o tilo . Sinoo Kaylo in a ocmuorcial product, i t is possible th at minor a lte r a tio n s in com position may occur from tin e to t in in accordance Y,lth changes in the raw m a to rials used. For example, tho quartz value fo r l o t y l o f Kaylo was lo s s than 1 per cent but the quartz co nten t o f lo t s #2 end j! 3 was between 2 to 5 per c e n t. In tho f i n a l shipment o f K ayla, roooivod in January 19-19 and f i r s t used in t h is experiment in September 1949, the asbostoo component contained the m ineral eiaosite an trail as c h r y n o tilo , Tho fib e rs o f am osito, in comparison with thoco o f c h r y s o tilo , arc loos fle x ib le and have a high er iron o ou ten t. However, sin ce experiments w ith animals have shown th a t both amosito and c h r y s o tilo are capable o f oauaing a a b esto ai3 , i c i s u n lik e ly th a t tho su b s titu tio n o f tho one riin sra l fo r tho othor in Kaylo would, onud a s ig n ific a n t change in the co ric prop erties o f the f in a l product. - 2- Final Report Onen3 -111in oi o 1-30-52 E , K.-K:v,r d if f r a c t io n stu d io ;;: The 2>ray d i f f r a c t i o n p attern o f sample2 shown in f i g , 1 , o f two d iff o r e n t chipnisnia o f Kaylo ar<j Tho prominent lin o s present a m probably those o f a hydrous calciu m s i l i c a t e , which ia tho p r in c ip a l component o f K ay lo, Com parieon o f p a tte rn s a and b d io clo so s th a t tho quartz lin o i3 stronger in b then in a , in d ic a tin g th a t the Kaylo z-eceived in January 1S49 has a high er qu arts conten t then has tho o n r lio r p ro d u ct, rocoivod in Jan uary 19450 F a in t lin o s X'ep ro sen tin g c a l c i t o and c h r y s o tilo urn v i s i b le in both pabtorn30 D iffra c tio n lin o s produced by cj.oatta are also present in pattorn b , C , Sizo^ frogtzoncy studio a ; The s ic e d ie t r ib u t ie n o f Kaylo duct i3 ahorcn by tho graph in fig o R, Tho lin o s o f the graph rep resen t the p aren t EistGrla.1 in th e duct machine and two camples o f a ta o c - p h o ric d uct co lla o b c d in tho d u st room cn d iff e r e n t d a y s, A r c a g n ific z tlo n c f 12Q0X was used iu making th e sicofro q u cn cy co u n ts. I t -.Till be not id th a t about 83 par cen t o f tho p a r t ic le s in th e parent m a te ria l v i s i b l e a t th a t m agn ification uro sim ila r than 5 microns in s in s ; tho corresponding v a lu e s fo r the camplea o f atm ospheric duct uro 50 and 95 nr c e n t. This d iffe r e n c o in tho 'two campion o f atm ospheric d u s t, which rrcra d erived from the esmo parent m a te r ia l, may havo been due to the dayglo*-clay v a ria tio n . in hum idity in s id e tho dy.at roo7a, I U . REVIEW OF PREVIOUS REPORTS During the cour30 o f tho Lnvochigabion with Kaylo dust fiv e into.rim reports ore issued. The f i r s t re p o rt, datod f.'ay 12, 19dG, revealed th a t in guinea p iga - 3- 4 'f' i.:??..". Keuorb C :;cin s-Sliiiio i.a 1**39-52 ow.jc-od iW* 14 mouths to Sa y lo dust th e t is s u e rcao tion c o n s iste d only o f m icroscopic, fe c a l c o lle c t io n s o f duct c o l i c . The a ss o cia te d tub ercu lou s in fe o tio n had net boon a lte r e d enough to bo o f s ig n ifio a n c c . In the second r e p o r t, isEued on Ootobor 30, .1947, i t was noted th a t th ere was no evidenoo su g g e stin g t h a t Kaylo du3t when in h aled in to tho lungs produces pulmonary f i b r o s i s in ra ta ortpoood fo r 18 months or in guinea p ig s exposed fo r 30 months. Theso fin d in g s seemed to show Kaylo d ust to bo a b io lo g ic a lly in e r t m a te ria l. In tho experiment dealin g with the e ffe o t c f tho dust on a tuborcu lous in f e c t io n the r e s u lt s woro in c o n c lu s iv e , in d ic a tin g th a t tho o-xyeriraont should bo rep eated . The t h ir d r e p o r t, dated October 30, 1943, presented tho f i n a l obnerva-' tie n s on tho a f f e c t o f in h aled Kaylo dust on normnl u n in fa cte d guinea p ig s . Contrary to p revio u s to n ta x iv o j.r.'prosB ichB , based upon an exposure o f 30 months, which suggested Kaylo dust to be i n e r t , tho study o f anim als exposed fo r 36 month3 d is c lo s e d th a t tho m a te ria l i s not in e r t b u t i s ca p a b le , on prolonged in h a la tio n , o f producing aab o sto sie in guinea p ig s . However, no rth er n i l i c o c i a nor tho d iff u s e f i b r o s is v/hich i s caused by in h a led diatcmaoeouc earth developed in the oxposod anim als, Tho fo u r t h r e p o r t, dated A p r il 39, 1949. reviewed tho r e s u lt s o f tho f i r s t 8 months o f a new experim ent in which the e f f e c t o f in h a led Kaylo du3t on a tu b ercu lou s in fe c t io n in guinea pig3 was stu d ie d , Ko d e f in it e ly adverse o f f s e t o f tho duet on tho in fe c t io n during t h is 3*-aonthc pariod was noted. The f i f t h r e p o r t, dated Jan u ary 1, 19SO. supplemented the in form ation given in the fourth report by extending the observations to in fe cte d animals Qa 1 F in a l Hcporfc O rro n o -Illin o iu 1-3G-62 t h a t hr?! '.vovi crrporcd to Knylo .lu et fo r p o ricd o up to 14 m onths. Tho Finding.'; a t th a t tim e su ggested t h a t K aylo cv.at hud a s l i g h t l y ad-ora;; in flu e n c e on th e co urse o f a tu b e rcu lo u s in f e c t io n in guinea p ig s buc th a t ho e f f e c t vr?.a by no moans eo pronounced au t h a t o f quarts'. d u s te I V , IEHALATTOff EXPERIMENT WITH KAYLO DUST As a c o n tin u a tio n o f th e p rev io u s in te r im re p o rts and a3 a oiunraary fo r t h is f i n a l re p o rt, a review o f th e e n tir o program o f atudj* io rep o rted . In th e i n f l a t i o n experim ent (Saranac la b o ra to ry No. 1012, 1100, 1104) group3 o f guinea p ig s , r a t a , a id hunntoro wore p laced in a c u b ic a l duct room, 3 f e e t in d im ension, in v h io h an atm ospheric nuepension o f Kaylo dunt traa m a in ta in e d , Tho room wa3 o p erated fo r more than f i v e year a , from February 13-id t o Ju u c 1950. About <1G0 a n in a lo wore uaod in th e erperim.ont and noose o f them liv e d in the c u c t room fo r an lo n g an 3 y e a r s . /. C o n d itio n s o f exooGuro The atm ospheric suspension o f K aylo du3t too e re cte d by the actio n , o f r. podrilo t h a t ro ta te d in s id e a hopper, lo c a te d in u corner o f th o dust room, T-'hioh co n tain ed th e fi n e ly - d iv id e d Kaylo p ro d u c t. The dust cloud generated in t h i s manner flo a t e d out in to tho room whore i t was m aintained fo r G hours on f i v e days o f th e week and fo r 4 hour3 on S a tu rd a y s . A t r e g u la r in t e r v a ls during th e experim ent a few anim als wore k i l l e d and tho tis3u3 oxaminod g r o s s ly a a d ^ m icro s co p ica lly to dofcerai.no tho n a tu re end tho e x te n t o f tho duct r e a c tio n , Tho t is s u e was a ls o an aly sed c h e m ic a lly to e stim a te th e amount o f Kaylo d ust re ta in e d in th e lu n g s o f anim als exposed fo r d e f in it e periods o f tim o. r-'incvl Koport O'.ron g - 111 i n o i 3 1 - 30 - ! j ;; 'k'.-'b counts o f atmospheric ss.vp'Len c o lle c te d i:i tho dust room 7/ith tho m id g e t im p in ger worn made r e g u l a r l y . Tha c o n c e n t r a t io n o f K a y lc tu ffc t o which the uninfected animals wore exposed wns go n o rally w ith in the range o f ICO to 125 m illio n p n rtio lo s per cubic fo o t o f a i r and the o v e ra ll uvors.g3 was 115 m illio n . In the experiment v/ith in fe c te d anim als the concentration was h ig h er, the average being 205 m illio n . B,. Exposure o f u n in fested anim aln -------- - -i - i i -- - !--r~ i i -- i - il Throe sp ecies guinea pig-, r a t , hamster ~ wero employed in t h is phase o f the in v e s tig a tio n , A onsraary o f the fin d in g s is given in ta b lo 2, ( l ) Guinea o in a , At tho beginning o f tho o;cporimsnt 100 uninfected guinea p iga were placed in tho duet room raid months l a t e r 25 ncro woro added to re p lace anim als th a t had died in an epidemic o f aouto pneumonia,. S ic ca t h is pneumonia occraved a t th a t time a ls o in anim als exposed to .oneid)or dust in an ad jacen t room, the unfortunate cpidruids ra.c oor.'oidsred a c c id e n ta l, Epiclsmics o f th in hind, idiich occurred o c c a sio n a lly in er-por'ijie.ati;i a t th a t time, have since boon c o n tro lle d . Group o f guinea p ig s , urna l l y 2 to i in number, noro k i l le d a t 2, 'i, G. 8 , 12, 10, 21, 21, .,r . 27 . ;;-o, 3 ? , cud 30 v.onths a f t e r tho beginning o f th e ir exposure to Kaylo duct co th a t tea course o f tho pulmonary re ac tio n could ba fo llow ed , .r I':<e _ i., r In guinea p ig 3 exposed fo r perio d s up to 50 wentha th ere ran only a I mild t is s u e ranocnoo to the inhaled Kaylo duct and tho re a c tio n was lim ited to the accumulation o f clumps of dust-containing macrophages in groups o f nojo in in g a i r noaces ( f i g . 3), The iiito rv;n ivig a lv e o la r w a lls v/oro only s lig h tly thickonsd by nccusudatrd lymphocytes, Occasional muitinucleacod 'i na A !;o p o r O r a n t i l l i n o i a 1*30 -e?; i'Z'.l'.;: r r s vx s a b le bue ih s r o ''.a.*? no oxc-VoCi 7-0 or oi i 0 r g t Aon o f h is t ic c y c n e r dcponitioi o f ccnno;vh:lvo t i s s u e , A. f c -- r-sfcn^oairv boittec %vcro soon ( fig. 4 ) , M ic ro sc o p ic stu d y o f th e tra c h e o b ro n c h ia l lymph n o d es, v/hich becawo en la rg ed but remained a o ft , ro vcalo d c lu s t e r s o f AnaotTO dust c e l l o s im ila r to th o se in th e lunga b u t v/itunvfc a o b e s t e a is b o d ie s . I t l a p o rtin o n e to p o in t out horo t h a t an im ale exposed to cohooteo dur-t foi* a s im ila r SQ^months p e rio d e x h i b i t a se v e re b is - u a r e a c t io n vrith tno p rod uction o f f i b r o s i s ( f i g . 5 )o ?o r oeapsrlncx, a I uiij; ejection o a norr.nl gu in ea p ig :Lc ehovni ( f i g . 6 ) . The 2 e s ilia lo o;rposod t o K o ylo duot f o r moro then cO .Tionthrj (-3 cm iirala fo r oZ .'".ont-he end G animal fo r 36 months) shoved not only tho Ioniens liho th e s e o f th e SO-norths on io n ie but e le o cr.-vi^i ted c. tru e f i b r o s i s o f 0. ty o o sh :\rp .c t'? ristlo o f th e respo n so u f g u in ea p ig s to AnbrAUvi a he sto e f ib e r s ,. i'h is r-.ncfc? cn 1 a r a t h e r d iffu s o ty p e o f fib ro m i v;hv.f\ Come p r i n c i p a l i y r.fcoufc th e b r o n c h io le s , the sm all duces .from v/iuch ene te rm in a l a i r suncos,, o r a lv o olii*. srio *3c A com parison o f f i g . 7 and f i g , 0 r o v o a ls tu o s i m i l a r i t y o f boo ficO'-v.: r e a c tio n produced an too rungs by -Caylo duet and by s e o s te due';. Vm lo u e u r , in th e tra c h e o b r o n c h ia l ly r y h nodoe she%oc ne c burgo bchv'v-vi 2*0 iron lo c anti on mentns* "< - ' ( 2) ' T-u-.r p e c i o s v; s cisyloyod boc?.m o vypi.-;*}. n o d u lar f i b r o s i produced by in h a le d u " - r b d u st o-o* alono .'nere r s o i d l y i.i robe fchc-.v: la nnjnrXr; oi' othur c?ecS/#tf. " o r t y The v ^ ro uso-i r.n<! .-.o.-na o' chon r a r e c::u )3o fcu K sy lu c'>.\ab 'o r r.s lo ^ S dur ni;-; i:ho <-*irst y e a r o ' r*ayw-wai ? rrp.s nub ,u o x a s r i- c n i; invi vw i* bn? 'oven c ::p .r :o ; iror. i 5 vc 13 .'.cnch.'j 3.3 aino.1 ::: d rv c ii o >.* p ro ;:c h io .'.iv i :j ervd lobnV rr .`.r v .:., m p o r e Cuv: v - m t r o i o i-E ^ S orrnrLcni.a, Civ jg la b o r a t o r y v a t s n i ! c r thon c-.v: y e a r * aven those- n e t exposed t o diuv. uro c c ra io n ly rrnbjoch to t h i s typ; o f lo a lo n ^ tb o h i "h no'"fcy..li'::/ t *x.o in n o t consider*?*! s i g n i f i c a n t * Jn a rd o r to fo lie n ? ohe crorrrocnon n f th o t i s eue re m e tid a t o th e in lia le d Kay l o divede r a t e vioro . h i l l e d tin ground o f d a f t e r Q , . A3, I t * m b l r3 n o r th s o f carpocavG* I t va rucrnnlcd ( f i g * b) t h a t th rou gh ou t th e eraser rnonk th e r o a c tic n to th o rur;,t co n rv rb cd o f foe??.!, c o l l e c t i o n s ? In th o o f ajacroohageo urli i c h co n ta in e d p a r t ic le o and m ia u le s o f duct* Tho o n ly arru ga observed as th e e xp o cu ro p e r io d bacar:? Ion,cor van rn in c r e a s e i n th o nuubor o f th n a ln o o la r f o c i * b i n i la v c .v .;;t^ C ilie d rao ro p h ago o 'r a r e coon in th e i r a c h c n t r c u c h i a l l y r a a noden. In v.o o.niror.l rro.s th o r n any tisovv*; r o a o t io a t y o i c a l o f s i l i c e o : n,7 rho pe\\nlbronebiolnv f i b r o s i s o f a sco n to s i .3 uno noe d i recovered, th o u g h oeoo.e.-ior*- n l ushe r i v o ! o b e d im iToro ob sc read In T ier; o ? o th e r orm rnbeento r c h pore e y - f l b r o u e b o c te :) d e n t , t y p i c a l {.o r i b r c a c h i o l e r f i b r o u i o v v u ld r o t bo f .' ora? io to f r1 1C rronth:*. cupoavrc to LCp.ylo duct., " , ,. ^ < i-' s ( .. . //.? i, ^ ( ::U f bbronty oviar.fccrs ?:c.*re placed in the duro reo- n.rd a f t e r * r ? r I f , and 1C n oetuo o f or.pocurc 2 ar-in u le vuU; 'a '"? "* ^ i d o rci) n t r f y ; r/;: hhv o-*-ventbn p e r io d o or v r a i s t h a t .Wed f'/c-n 'd l v v - : 1 ) . | *-! : e rn n in cf # M io to lo g ic e::rnincv:io;.i revea! eri th a t t h j Kr.ylo dual: * V 1 /. ncouvmirtod vr-ry clcr/ly in -ino lungs* Ho f i r o s lo vrac soon er.ccot in one hniiier, u h ich had burn c l o s e d for IB s-ontha. In th a t a r d e d filero vau a t ruco o f no ' i b:cor e hi o lo r iih?.`o:rlo no s l i g h t t h a t i t can id ho b u i i n i h o l v r - n a r : : r ' o n l y a t h i g h a u g n i f i o r t i e n , t r h u o h r v . l u d i o s :?/ s u a l J n .r / f ; c r r o-id r.. the u s u a l uikoo yrovo piau en ir. - ) i ..uni ro p c ru Cr:cn.':-Jlinois 1-S0-5?, rn -v iv " u v . e e r e u i o u : : : t h e r e e ro t h r e e ty p o e c f a n n e r i r e nh vri oli a r e c o in a b lo f c v d c t e n 'd n iu q hho c'T ech o ' *nhaleci duri* on mo d o o o lo p r.a rit o' t u b e r c u l o s i s in e x p e r im e n t a l a n ija a l s , tu in o :::i.;riu btr^ou o^n fe o t i on cnpor;u':c:ut ncn.ncJ. un iran 3 aro i n f e c t a d n iih a k ia n u a t c d t u b e re i b a c i l l i b y Mio in u v la t io n mobiled end ilion arc.- i c n s d i r t r j.T t r a n s fe r r e d t o th e duct room, h u c 3 th e tu b e rc u lo u s disonno enc th e r e a c t i o n t o blv.v in h a le d duo t i r j . i l d e v e lo p c in r J.b a n o o v a ly - In th e r e a c t i v a t i o n c:e:pvz'i"fM i th e m ^ 1 .10770d to xx ;e pOO; id t o r- **1\t .rr-rinf*; t h i s o u r io d th e t u b e r c u lo u s d i se n s o y .e n c r a l l v v e r r e euro. 3 . u ' > end ' OU*. *f al 'Von dvr. an th e i ^j^ PI'C'X'fU i V;* I v o c Trio p r o d i o e o e i.tio n erso o riiso n t i s one ill " h io il '-uu u i 0 an a ro fu1' nadint retu rn ed to the duet r o c n , ubero th*vlr onuosuvo 'be duct in cou tiu v'.u l, in t h i s nay th e e f f e c t o f n p rc v ia u c duet exposure on the c i:11v eeurco oi n tuberculous in fe c tio n cev ho tudie!* her iv -r a n t ig - :.-:;.n.r th e a f f e c t o f in h a le d b r.y lu d u e t on t h e c o u r s e o f rot: ir o u ie u e a p a r tic u lie r a tte n u a te d a h u rir o f h.un?.n''hype tu b e r c le b a c i l l i , kuown. c.u o n d j s i vain*, v a n em ployed t i r i r , c,t r a i n hao a l e v ^ogroo o f uirv.lcnco fo r guinea p ig e end, in the n o m a i r n iv n l. pro duce o a rii* l i n i U-d d i s e a s e v-hch v i l i prograun f o r 2 to b rr.onths and auhcequon'J.y hop 1 . In on ;u.:;u-iCil which has in h a le d q u a r t s du ct o r c e r t a i n o t h e r t o ;:ic d u s t s , h o w e v e r. th e d ira n n o u s u a l l y p ro g r o s o o c c o n t in u o u s ly unci ultLnv.\fco.ly c r u c c o the d e a th o f th e c n ir n r i, c iu c o O'CDCrior.oo h a s i n d i c a t e d t h a t tu b e ro ? . -f . ban M i l o : th-? It oorain kaTC abotv" bus en.no degree o f vi:.'ulonco fo r ^lio ru ia e r. 1r a 3 buhcrcio b a c i l l i o f `ch*.? hunan a crc in n?rro fo r rann, M i c ponuiblo to o b tain some c o r r e la t io n botrroen the in flu e n c e o f voriouo d u sts on th e R^ tu b ercu lo u s in fe c t io n in guinea p ig s ond the e f f e c t o f those du3VB on a tuborculouo dinoaso in in d u s t r ia l w orkers. For in fe o tin g the anim al0 v i t h tu berolo b a c i l l i an inlicl a tio n to ch n ic 7i?.o used. A g la s s tube ?:a3 f i t t e d over the anim al* nose and in to t h i s tuba n ousponalcn c o n ta in in g a Imoru nusibor o f b a c i l l i o f tho r t r a in \:zo eproyed w ith a D e V ilb i3s a to m iser. As tho snimnl breathed^ he in h aled the afciftosphovic suaponsion o f b a c i l l i in to tho lu n g s, whore they bocamo lo c a lise d .. { l) Sim u ltan eo u s Gxnosurc to Ilaylo d ust rrr.s starte d In tho f i r s t exneriraent in which auiKirlo r a r e ir fo o to d r :it h tu b e rc le b a c i l l i a t tho tivao th a t t h e ir * s , -Anonu"? to iir.ylo duot was s t a r te d ( t a b le Z ) . 23 guinea p ig s noro usvcl but an cpidsm ic c f pneumonia during the f i r s t 10 months reduced bo 16 the .number o f e n iu n is a v a ila b le f o r stu d y, 'foro o f th o se died a t 14 months, epo ur-antly irern p ro g re s s iv a t u b e r c u lo s is , end 2 o th e rs (Mod from .u:idotorsnined concern, but n et Iren tu b c rc u io R ic . In the rem aining 12 onimain tho cou rse o f the tu b ercu lo u s d is e a s e Tarr fo llow ed by k i l l i n g 1 cr 2 anim als a t 1, 6 , 9 . 12, 15, 1 0 . and 24 months a f t e r i r f e e t i o r . In 11 o f tho 3.2 -animals tho la s io n c r a r e io o lr.ta d , en cap su lated , ona r e g r e s s in g ; in th e rem aining an im al, which a s k i l l e d a t lb months, tho lo s ic s is vrero m*idoanre.ad throughout the lu.ns: but f i b r o s i s hi-.d boon produced, ?/hioh in d ic a te d a tendency to hc.nl, In e-n attempt to develop a stra in of guinea pig re s is ta n t to the in fe ctio n th at bad caused the pneumonia, sane o f ths anim als rroro used fo r brood in '7 during I lx< K 4 . |K' ' < Or/sno --Illin o in 1- G'dSf b V .in v ;*:.:i:c n t . 'ih o 2 a n i s i a l s t h r u d i e d Croat v v o c v o o r - iv t b u b o ro w ?.o v::\n (-v:; 14 monthc} one. the sx u g ls snirnal., b ille d , a t lb months, t h a t e x h ib ite d v/idc'- spread le s io n s v;oro a l l used a a brooders during the experim ent bub 4 other anim als in tbo experim ent, v.hich troro a ls o employed fo r brooding, f a i l e d to shor: eictonnivo d ise a se * Gning to th e element o f u n c e rta in ty introduced by t h is fa c t o r o f b re e d in g , and. a ls o because o f the high m o r ta lity fro n pneumonia, t .(, i t ;.~c covioidsrod im possib le to esto .b lle h , from th in experim ent, .In fin ite o / . con clu sio n about the e f f e c t o f in h aled K ayla aunt upon tn b o ro u lo sir > and th e re fo r e the oxporifixmt V/n: ropoat^d. Tho sim ultaneous in fe c t io n experim ent was conducted a second t in e ( t a b le 3) Trith GO guinea p ig o , in ste a d o f 25, end anim als noro k i l le d in p a ir s f o r study a t 3 , 4 , 6, 8 , 12, 15, ond 24 months u.flor in fa c t io n , rt/ain the in cid en ce o f pneumonia 7;as unucw ally h ig h , G o f tho cuiimalo dying froot bhat cru.no during the f i r s t 3 months o f erposu.ro m u 2 noro during the f c l Voting ?.6 'mouths. Of tho re g a in in g 22 guinea pi&n 4 ar.ir.ialc roTocvled, a t 15, 23, end 24 r-'o-uths n fto r in fe c t io n , a spreading tub or onions d is e a s e , o f m irim al o:r!H*nt ( fif;., 2 ). n b ich nro confirm ed by n iicrosocpie exam ination, *2h rro other cnrix'p.ls a lso had a spread in g tubcrco-lo.oio but in them fcho d is e a s e had to the sp leen ar.d o th er ovgrms. Theeo anim als vrero con sid ered ore-** e e p tio n a i end. in tho c a s t heuro bocn c l a o s i f i s d ur; "sp o rts",* The to rn '' s p o rt'1 i s giron bo a guinea p ig in "which tho in h a la tio n in fe c t io n trith the atten u ated b a c i l l i i<3 not confined p r in c ip a lly to tho lunge and 'era ohccbroncU ial lyrrph nodes but orrtcxids a ls o to other crf.;an:; and produces in than tu b ercu lo u s changes o f s u f f i c i e n t ex to u t to bo ro ccan iscd in tho green-. Since sp o rtr/ rep resen t a departure from the normal p attern o f t is s u e re ac tio n to afcteanr.tcd 11 3 0'VO.tl 11.1 iuo.i. C .1-- ; r.-hethcr tbt- infeeblon ir. combined r a th chiat eneousuro cr nob. those animala nust be included ivi <ac3ay:Lag tho o f f c c t o f on inhalod dust upon a tuberculous in fe c t io n . I t i s believed three :' sporto" aro anircul3 whoco n ativ o r e sista n ce to tho attenuated organi cm i s um um ally lowa Support fo r t h is b e l i e f i s given by ero ori onoo with. quarts d u st, a d e fin it e ly hazardous m a te ria l, which r e a c tiv a te s fa in h a la tio n in fe c tio n produced by attenuated Rj_ b a c i l l i but o rd in a ri.ly i s n at asso ciaio d a l th tuboroulcuo o.vtcnsian to Greene other than tho lungo and traohsobrcuehial lymph no don. The con trol y.onductod group { t?.blo 3) o f guinea p i go fo r th is orporimo.nt vme in fe cte d a t tho saia timo arj th e osporirtontal group o f animals nuboequout- ly diurtid. The sruao cu ltu re o f organi mas uno us od for e l l anim als, The tuberculous ln fcctj.cn fallow ed i t e usual course in tho co n tro l group w.d resolved in a l l o f th e animale onconb ano, a "sp o r t" , in vjhich the cireneo spread, A lth o u g h a jprogroitoiTo tu b e r c u lo u s d is e c c o tree n o te d in 4 g u in e a pi,go o f the second enperim ent, th o degree o f e x te n sio n o f th e d io o es in them s l i g h t . Tiro re m a in in g 23 a n im a ls , f e ? u h i eh d ie d c ? in t-r r e u r r e n t pneum onic, "honed no spread and tho in fe c t io n .fcllcared th e n a tu ra l. c o v ilo o f rc ^ ro a v io n ar.d h e a lin g no in th o n o n -d u cto d c o n t r o l a n io n ic . At ir. b e lie v e d , t h e r e f o r e , t h a t th o in h a le d ?lp.yJ.c d u st and no s i g n i f i c a n t l y ad verse o f f s e t on th o tv .b o r o u lo u is , / (?.) honotivation in fe ctio n : evnca n in e , a t t a r acila^ in f oc.ta d , I j y x l in clean a ir fo r coverai iconths before bring opposed to Kay.lo d u ct. In tho r e a ctiv a tio n axpcri'wxit ( ta b le d) 2G girinea n igs wore in fe cte d .rj.th the attenuated b a c i l l i and allowed to liv o in a c le m atmosphere, Animals 12 = t> J *' 1 -*fV '' ; . o : ).\ino.i. 1V--h ?. 1' '' \ ' ...........*1*" ^ *siXw-.y. .;i rvd wo :r; cuicro re-rii c'o 2 ironthe (10 * ;i ?no G ^.on-chs 'Nv> ociiirrulo) rites* in a c t io n in o rd er 1-0 * 011-./ tea cauivjo o f the t i c 3uo r e s e t !o a p a ir o f anim als o f the f i r a t (2 * C^ h3 *" * <*r> traa k i l l e d a f t e r o n ly 2 moatho o f duct and, in a d d itio n , anim als from a l l groups ^oro k ille d in p a irs -f* .o r 4 , a , and 1.2 months o f orpoor.ro to th e d u s t, B s c m ia a tio o . o f tho tiso u o f biQ * Uatod r~,in c:ia fa il!5 d tQ r o r o a l a o ig ific c t r t r e s e t iw e io n o f th e ---o.i <-i. n - 0 by oho inha.tod ay lo d u s t, O nly ono c;ai.n al sho.snd w *rco f si * ^ d i n S P * W a - / tu b e rc u lo sis , miaimol in errteni ( f i g , 1 0). 3 .....`"a3 ~ ^ '-' - t nr.d .lirc d In leas, c i r f o r 2 inoathp o.i'to v /.7i^ tOCtion aad thcs h"d boTM OTPtoacd to the d u st f e r 12 months. ...U vcniiiTol E-cup ( uc\olo 4 ) \uas tv. co;-o u u n d ise a se bcitavod in th vou.u-. w.,..-7n.?i* and fc?aJc*d, v.atLi the o p eratio n thub enn .anrbaul (o :,c p o rt<p) o,v-v3. a r:?r<?r/.^n5 d_\ccacn and else] frora v rfjc ro u io ria 6 r.or*ch>:i a f t e r ^ u ^ .' f ~ f l i .'5^ 1 J? ^d:j-flxTM v a v i f f j i n a n p 't j t e f; icon M is c.x V^p ]2 i I i ..i'?_^ivc; ^^^ T;as sta rte d * iin e~V>'>r:r-Avne o f t a l c 1 a .'evert- v>r.if. bncanco a due; th a t in o n ly xro^cy zLi'^'i^ly \:ezj c "'ny i-' oc ,,co tn.i' ruu Oi?r.r*.;ci7 ';;- c3'>.tU minor iu au rrn efu r* bo r u ffic ir a v `#0 fc' !/i;or profoT ^ d ly dovoiepniuni; o f a frnr;h '/'ib3rcn.lon.3 i-ufooblon. Iu ^ - r i j j e a t ( t e h lc 5) , ^rhich ua.n deeignoci to nhv.d?/ e ffo rt of f-jylo ^oonruiRted in the lung upon a n^vly^dovolopinrc tub^vculcuc dipoaec^ c0 v/crc wepooed t o tho duct f o r 3 manthn and then rrorc inf-vrted c:-,-'.ar.n'.vo-i*;! on.borolc h c .c illi. 0 Tho duct orpocu.ro re^ iru rc d lA tc lr rc:u.in.ud r`1;r` carried an fo r c.nothor 21 nonth3w i ? i .Irr.l. I.' p o r t Orane-lllin o iu l-^O-Ci ` A ' .< J ( i'tr /. ' ' r / (ft fc cou rco c f fu is oiparimsnt 5 c;.)i"c.ls ro k ille d s.b tko c f the prelim in ary o menthe dusting nericci, lias/ chomd only on o ccasio n al clump o.C cue! phagocytes irith in vive a lv e o la r r,paces* Of bh3 ducted find in fe cte d animalO;, 7 died frem in te rc u rre n t pneumonia, irhleh oliminato.c them fo r purpoaeo of a n a ly s is ; 1 animal died a t .1.4 months a ft e r in fo ch i on iro n sprsnding tuberei'!, oeie ; and th^ rsm aining 17 animala ra ro k illo d in. padre ah 2, 4 , 0 , 3 , 10. 12, end 1(3 montilo and 3 r.cro k illo d nt 31 montilo a f t e r ir.fectio.u,, Of tl'.e le t t o r grcuo o f 17 e.'oir.io.lc. 1 shorod many cpronding buhoroloo, 10 rovenod soabtero opreading tu b c rc lc a and 6 Gxhibitod hoalad tvhorolog.j Thocc fin d in go in d icevo thah a tn'oorculoua in fochion in gninoo pigri tia b e rig i'tato o ae re ra i aonthe a f t e r a prolcngcd eroosare o f tho animalo ho l'cylo d:.wfc tvc.s in ib abaci ter.y ha vuvfuvcrably influoncad by tho inhalcd d u st, Tnio infliveuoo, homo-sr, i s f i n i r a i io. clcgrey. Ilio tuborculouo in fc o t ic a in tho c o n tra i cninn.l3 (ta b lo 5) in ger a rc i rogroc&cd and Inni ed, Of che c o n tro l m i m i ? tiioro ra s., a s u su ai, 1 "sp o rt a n im i" * k ilc d 20 monella a f t e r in fo e t ic i:, v:kioh rovealcd a f crr ccattero d i r ole. t e i bvli-erclcn thnt v:ero o f tlio sp1 roed"inlr.' bJeUnev, < r . 'in a ly s i a o f t i s s u e- o f rut) onori an imale Ch.'i'cal a n a ly ric o f tho lunge or vn in foctad guinea pigo th at had iuhnied Kayla duct fo r periods up -co 3G months y ie ld e d tho d ata rep ore od in tab le G, I t t r il l bo noted th a t ao tlic period o f ercpccuro became longer t!vj a ah valuon g ra d u ally incrouccd, thus chcr.Ti.uf; th at icincval m atter r.vs aco in u lctin g ixi the lunge, there cao a pronounced in cre ase in Hie s i l i c a coirpc-ni'iifc up to about 30 months and than n .alight .dacroaso. Tho roanon for- 14 I r i i h r e Ir k I .. > "7 - Li > .VO V -, + f <,, ' ... ... ' .*% % V - .V t V *> * > ;o n ; O . o v / ' ' ^ '* v r . V ' r U r i v o - v ; v o v n - r . : . o * f v , ->.-..-1 T;'-I> V r v/ .V .- . . * <>' i*i Lma ,. i * *>*il. *- , . r . *.*i.*. i .fi I ' >* < (K 'r::r-:n t*/*i sV , ;-* v i r ^ "% - ' f > , ' ^ . "l V .* : - '"i '**.!. /m w r - ^ V' * C- f r ' ; >,I. r**.ji, 1. \^> .0 . ;-.-6 r w f i n c c ? r r r n o r n r ? *;o / c . * i o d v 5 'b H e r o o n ly ^ r v ir o ln r v o l.v o n d o r e a c h o o v v .'d :V n < V .y r L d .r .r .l v n . l r r . : e o c r r i r r - v l l ; - C':?' . O V I. f` > r * h v ;;* r r. .'1 " ' * f *1 <. " r *v- 1 'r ' I w ' - -, ' \r V.' J '. .. ! '/V i :* t r* ^ # ; .*> ^ . . f~*> > r Sr 'i*d* VP*(''' H ) V * V X . . ^ . * a* \y ''*1 > .*;V* !, Spr - .* i f . . wi. V/w v'.S 1f ^ '1vN i. ' ">?.;.r:.v 1 .V c * ' < d ^`o : r ; * n c i r . t u o i 1 r.vc^.ycc i .* .... . , A. ,|UI 14 % ta* V . *. . ., /' t . -. ^ i .. . fi-)--.. 7 a j 1 ^1 A ' .* # <4< ' \ * * * V . ^ *? f * ' 1 V o.< f " i o tv:-''*-- .- s, r-I ^. 'V u I '* . `* I<-> 7 * " * *] t < 1 ^ I- I ^ >< . , .-V - r #' ' ; J I I .jt A* V r> .r f f c't '*.( t j r ' /. i r , r " ) v * * ' l r o ;? :*: - \ * c d ' - > . v i i r : t d o :v : \ v V ; r C V - .V v *1 i , , \ '. . v i , -J> .' .' 'J. <J i ^* ikr- --I Ur '">r w. .t' V. ^ f* : ^O U i! *`'' 1m*.i" i* . . WV l/ . < }V%v*(<*il t^*, rf. ^r* 1'V # y> \), /C *.: *si'..*.. \* '**I, i ^> i 1 ; c v -'r ; r V c v .v i "vr, V r?;-; .1/ * r r d ' 2.: n ^ ' rr 1 : , y ; r . L V . * ,* i :.d d o r IC T r c r t . * r % J o r r J r c 1J r C * . : * * J d ?' - o v,# v ! -. 3 r r I c r c v : ''. l o : r l . c - r d r o . ^ i o r c e i n e v i ; c c ; vuvroede ** o j? i r e I r . i c i o r - r ./ : r i ^ c r v / z r .. r '- o ' d c c r r r e iiilo v L in r ; v ' i . o r o r e i c o i o t i e i n e r t c c r ? 1c o r r e r i n i n X a ' l o i r.o. o a v l y n i o j e i n i n o o v e c n r ' n n i . c C e n l v r s i o s i n , v 'u e i, v e r e c. d i c o e .n o i n r M o U b r - r r o i n ? . r* u - ' - d i l o c i i o n o f i n e d i'!; c - `O i o l o c a l i z o i n C i r o i o i w i n r ; 3. 'rrorv iv i l i v e b r .n n v io r i o n n li.V o i r v i o d o ' v r i c n l v i o -rn b o ri/ l^ r i 1e h V ^. U, i r - i T . : V :; i ? 1. l v c e o o e i C o d c h i e f l v i n i j o a i r e e ] . : : , r r . r h e r i r r : : i r . i h o 1 **?.; 15 o " ' 'j o 1, c Creili :7.11:Ur.;Ars t h e v i - . . r i C m . ' ' i r c o r i ; ;:r-.,jor ^ o r i i a r o r \'r.y?.o d u s v i r- a r t i c u l a t e . '* grant e e l o f i t lodged in ho a lv e o li and the rs n o tio s over shadowed the da voice lug por ib r on.ch:lo1;ir responso co -che asboctoa flo o r s o f Ko.ylo, I t : ' * ' ' (*. ! rate noted th a t i a tho regio n o f the bi'onchiolotj o f ardiri.! s tihich r/cro oxposod fo r Icon than 30 inoniho thoro was videnco o f nero (.tot ee?.l a c t i v i t y than i s usual in the re actio n to on in o r i d u st, t r i t i o ai pillili e:or co Trac attach ed to hlvie ehservati, on a t f i r s t , borovor, ho ornise th ere n e ?; no in d ic a tio n o f fib r o s is * The e a r ly re a c tio n to Kr.ylo c.uct ;Lrj eowowhat d iffe r e n t iro n th a t to asbestos d ust, since the p a r tic u la te components modify th e typo o f le s io n . In s lic e * :. 3 m od ification o f tini le s io n s i a a no11~ve eegni sod condition r:bich follov.'o th s in h a la tio n o f a mined dust containing quarts and eerteci:; in f' T't m a t:ria l* r.uoh a s iro n oxide, The rato o f pneumonia among the m im ic exposed -V i " 'J. '*o ......................-....v.....,..... to Kc.ylo duet ttcz unusually b:-h# !>iuco th e pnoujaoni.a ratio lias boon elevated a ls o in soverr.l in h a la tio n experim ents cirnductcd Trita a abautos d u st, i t i s p o ssib le th at the a cu rst or; oo;r.pci.>.cat o f Kaylo lr.-y have an un favorable in f luouco on ths in cider c o f enarmonie., F a r i f i cation o f t h is p o s s ib il it y must avro.it fu rth e r atudy. y.h-n.c the ornrertxo.utal in v e s tig a tio n proved th a t Keylo dust 'ia cepcblc o f r^cOEueJn.'.- e c b o sto sis, the r e s u lt s chawed th at the dust w i l l not canee s i l i c o s i s in anim als o f the throe specie 3 te ste d , in nono o f th s nriAisala, even these imposed .for the f u l l 3- y e a r p erio d , was there any fouus o f tha h y a lin e n o d u lar f i b r o s i s c h a r a c t e r is t ic o f mll i c o s i c , A study o f tho exposed animale d isclo sed a lso th at "le y lo t o t did not produco the d iffu so fib re aie which follow s tho in h a la tio n o f diatomaccoua e a rth . In regard to th * iv/ctrr.tcd c, 16 - V C' i.-'nr-e a..rich i; the !.ir.;jcr courhihuon i* o f jray\lc It n?y ho srid ...'-'* t n r o in np s p e c ific ivr#or;nut :Lcn oberar- the e ffe c t o f that compound en pulmonary t ie yun bhoro in cucii clinica?- and e:;por:mcatrJ_ 07:.'-eliaco co uggecu th at i t i c b io lo g ic a lly inert* FurthorEoro, in the> in halation o^periiarmt Triti Kaylo duct tirare ras no deleterious o f foot noted v^iioU could, bo a*l/*br;vfcxvfcocl to t Tn ca3.civn D ili cato corjponovit of th3 inhaled m aterial* '.'.'his observation in supported by cur ctv.dloc concerning c in iir r calcivi* s i l i cacce in ocrient* *3# Vi/Tcb.:-i;;r> f o r tu b e r c u lo u s civlznulc in lv rl Ary; Kny l o du;vr, .. . n i . m i i > 1 t* . v >. i a X . 1 i 'm W W i l l *1 `'- T h e inhalation o-rnoririicnts in rhich tubor ouLoua j'uiuea pi^c '.'oro . s orpoaou to '.nylo duxrb in dicate i-hst r/hcu too aa:um!c vrero infooted rvi/cii attenuated tub "re?, e b a c i l l i a t the time erroc,euro to the duct voo stortoci, or rcro Au? eurecd p vicr to th a t risa. :hoh:ilod' n y.lo clvnt hfcd l i t t l e or no unfavorable e ffe c t o f sA^prifierjaco c:? thu ^.v;vvculotu; Aranceti v::n* Jj* r r e t of: tP.;. repo cod animale iho tuber culona disease hen?,od in a nortru.l jurTi.or ore] i n fcha fr.vr cmir.r.lo th a t ordxLbitcd a r.^preadin typo of .lesion the c.furra.'-'ivr.ion of the disenso by tb.o duct rae r.AnLval* > T.h:ru i'tn -enteile i r haled Kaylo duct fa r eororaA recatili b e fe n boina in fected , hh.e cv.bsequent acc v.ityuI ation o f hho dusk 3 ir. tho lungs ar.emod to have a slig h tly unfavorable influence on the arcual ocurro of tho iuborcu.lcv.3 d in a ro , ut j. ^ C'iOT^'T'V L V .'.e .v w * t A A. r'Azn inhaled ,?or a prolongad period. o.".pab?.o c.f protineis; 17 ' `' ' 'C>-(> ( i . ` > r -J<.r (> r ^ .'o;* Cvrrr.;:- - ' . H i n c i : ; A~iO I n th e 1 . f* - r* g'-i.nca p igy, b u t n o - o f r.Von, tho p e r ib r o n c h io la r f i b r o s ie Jyrji0S1A Ot IGSJOS-iiO3i 3 . * I) The in h alation o f Kaylo dust w il l not enuaa in guinea n ig s , r a t s , or * " \ A haaiatoro wither s i l ic o s is or the 'd iffu se fibres).n which corxotiraea f o i l e r 3 tho inh alation o f diatomr.cooua earth. C. Tho inhalation o f Kaylo dust doon not s ig n ific a n t ly influouoo the usual cowco of tuberculosie in guinea pigs infected with attenuated tuborclo b a c illi., provided the in fe c tio n ia given to tho animals before they ora C-: f i r s t opposed to tho dust,, In guinea p i go th at have inhaled Itaylo dust fo r syyarcil no:aiho "nsfor-s being in f acted , n continuation of tho asepoouro appears to hero a s lig h t ly unfavor solo e ffe c t cn tho disc.?,so. o iJLsO o c ` . U . l i r o ? . " i - C l ' - b T obi'/: 1 M ' A L ' t t l S O ? l\A Y .O (daalysi o f lo t $ 2, rocaivixl in January 1D47) Chem ical an c l v a i a f b I..'C- !oCO<cvy A3.o Or1 1-0 CaC ?.Q K ? 0 T*-.vooo bolov: 105' f! < above 10TC 4 3 .3# l. 3 1.97 0 ,1 2 0.09. ?#94 7.10 0.17 0,7.5 4.52 10.12 ' W* 4*^* *^CV***< r' o 1A l Pc o rn a rn e eie; und ;^c,r a y d i f f r a c t i o n a .ro .ly a i a The m a t e r i a l acn e ;1. c ia d p r i n c i p a l l y o f c ln y ~ X il:e t?.*e::oc r h io a prcuc od a d e fin it o X -ra y d iffr a c t io n p a tte r n . presum ably th a t o f a hydrous c a lo iu r: s i l i c i t o * Q uart p a r tic i n up to 30 in icro n o in s i z e M ero p r e s e n t ,, b u t t h e y vrerc n o t num erous and by H eigh t p ro b a b ly nado up lo co than 1 p e r cen t o f tuo cumplo* A tc u t 3 p e r c e n t o f t h e r e c t o r i a l na.o c a l c i t o and r.pnroyn.natol;/ 13 t o 2.0 p e r c e n t 7;a s c h r y c o t i? .o o r s e r p e n t in e , v-irioh *7.?.3 l a r g e l y f i b r o u s * T he f i b o r 3 cad b u n d le a p ro o o u t r a r e u s u a lly n o v e ra i M illim e te rn in lon g ih and r^.ro cu id an uhorho-* '*h an 0 ,3 e i i l l i n o t o r . 0- 111 `oi.C v oy T wP:/t,*\a4 Dane;;uro o f U ronifocuot V I ji'.mI c J T-C^ ftvfctu*- o S n o e n 'ro arn t nirenlc used Iruziiiuiii duration of Hu; 3U.lt 5 q .00 125 t*' y i E 1 u n n i c o uou r .*>-O c e n t : / u cv.rfe'" to t ' vi* i o ru st u n til d e ,vth. * 40 rai 3 11 .io ` y a c h t s duct |TV> 0 '[` rt .k k /y >. 1 3G IC- P ^ r i b r c r o h io la r f i b r e ml:}. \ i l : c t h a t o f ?. o t o c io n i a . n re d u ce ri '.fto r / * SG no nube o f o;cpo3uro. At SO months c f o-xpoGure re a c tio n Has U n it e d to accum ulation c f cincin o f duet* cor.tr.iuing icacrophasGG* v:i*`;hcut f ie r o z i z , K j'cvr UOOCS'COS'J.S bodioe rare seen. Tracheobronchial l:/t-inh rioc.os bccyir.o orurrruri Irr r c n c .i r .o d s o f t uKl v .a th o u t f i b r o c i n . Focal c c llc c b io r c c f rluryb- CCal t^iuiv/r u.vcropJir.^oc in the cJ.' c o li and in the trrohcobrcn.cj.iiii.' t vt.'. o h I T C C ' C S , I n c r u r . e c o.:' l o o I I I c e l l a c t i o n s v: eh: ->--r cl:* n e w o n o.:t O H .; h-v : V ', --v0-r lib r i t i r o ; / i r n r .? .f **: 0\: f,.\ c , I. ".y .1 , 1i;7f : f i b / , o e ' . s < ,..;,r:/;'i; i n c u e r a r u i t: 1 \.a, ;. .eh cbo'vod r-evy o i l h i .fi.ovou.c re :Lotion a f t e r 10 r.o:aibs c f om o!?uv:* Aonoe t n e i,7 i n d i c e :n e :;?.!?. z iiv fm r m 1^ */* i i "i*' ^ . - L . . - : 1: > \ . m , ti - LLX:::- y},'. >i - 1 i i \ T > \ j . ^ ^. > v : <\ . ;u !<.<' *' .w: 1*'t le . : : ! I n f a c v x V ( ,-' : u a > l r M . o o u c i n f v .o I r l e r ; h , ' . ' ) % i* * :* r .o v ix o ' o : . - ? '` i v . * v .\ ' v b i i i u v .O .s V .5 C C I r L i ' y . l r , *m . ` , ' t . v .-'i c ' i `V 1 % 1 T A o r o .L / J. a * y c ! .c i ( 5 a\ " V* i ? h r y i's r iu r o: ) P ' i r r o o*" 'Ji *j 7 : . 7 l o ' " 1. ; ; -U 0 * -r ;r c \ *` ; o :l: f . ; c l I m o ; '.o j !5 j t * *. i 'e n * y ) 5 " ?/:.%. . f - ; 5. ..v i / t * r r .i i . u ----- K ,> : r ' r ' / b e d 1 T x \ v n n i'r .:,: \ * ' t -v t 1? b ' . ^ o r ;b ::y o r ' p .* f - r *_'c: l ; n " r , : r 1 > r ' t ' <;* .. , ., > \i V v' ' a . "/ . t '. *.. rv y * . m. ~ ? y y \ n \ l! " ; n :\ v n v :'.- :V ) r> O * v "j > r* , J . .*j vHvra'W.en o f* ;*;? c s v r c '7 O 7 ? ; / ? . o i* c r w .O V v. .(:. r<:/* n vV . '. f \) r.y+ /\ * J ?. ! R c e V v l'b s p -;r;v..L*tr? - ' c o n c l v ^ v c ; r - . . V . : r " o 7 : \ y \ l o .v .r r ; c : i c . b u ';-:v c r .? .o v .s d :v ? 2 c iv \ r .:i ru v b r . * ^ v ~ 'T- ? * 1 r * * -x r r i r. / - a ' 1 . If * ' <'^ . `. i T T% .... * . ' % . > |i1 .i . *i. , u ' j t>* OI ..>*-> *! .. . . . . .4. \I .1 li W. \ V w * '' . ? .* . > -- . . . . < . . o . * .7 m .LV - r , > f t I':> ; * j f * * 4 . , vw r v ) * i * * , <' ;^ o 1 r. " n " f ; l ^ ; i . . 40 r , r*. j y l t c o V '.' n / *Vv r* '* r ,r w r ' c q \\ ^^ v r' - *i * p .o O n -7 . '" ,-!. v ? . p r . * : * * * % ^*1 ^ :v V 7 > -` . ^ ' s(- ' C :/ ? . o y .^ .r c - v b ix ; cc . e rl . o er r r . o , ) r - . - rVl 1' 1 ^\\ *' 1 ; A< ^ * _ 11 q p u 0 T. <li 7? o i * r t i* - r .v .r re* c ; . r jr . *r . ~ :i ^ 1 r r ,. o : . v , : . v i : c l . -i-/. # ' . ' / V * .1 ' ' rv " 7 " * f 'O t . O \ ii; . T W' f 'f c * 1 r .* . r* ' J i <ry 6 . 9 1 ( ; 0 n m I c C U . `. ^ * . <t O ; P.C . V i*. * i r o r o. ; r } > T * . ^ " '"V l J r> i . < I ) , *, r. rtrka v x r i - r * iir w a i < i i m u n v a a ir t r ^ >i t Y . r v t i i - / u r M w * V .-va c~*' : r-w > i y . i * ' V , v . a * . s* . - , i -, n - i v ' i , l o r - '. 'd . ` n ` j ^.j i M y' il w> . . v->' / v i b ?. i C . * <<V 1 ' . . . . a, > rW*ka ; -.rj' v Si "i *t" ) 17 * v . O w* , / *"i 1--.*J]. /. J>, *,'' S t -. J Tabi Cvsna -Illin e ile r^:\VJ: 0 -' Vv^n^LiraiT f '.TH l/ .Y '/ J u 3'l? S r.j)ac,l i r e o f I n f o c i c d A n im a l a (Hoc.ctiv-?.bion phaso) T h e nv.an i ) .i. iccfco d ;:ib h fcuborc..o b a c i l i : . o.f t h le i ?!r u 1o;T*; R i s t r n i n , Il -', i-1, n'.1 .'. : y",<\i <V O v-'iM c - X 1 1 i n o i o 1 - 2 0 - *2 T c l.'lo f J j - i a U Y O F I 2 5 `7 A L \ T I ' ) U i ^ P E E L O T v . i f f l K A Y L O F U T I ?Agouve o f ni:pc.I r, Thafr V.'.vro Ir ifc n to d 0 iKonths A l or.?/ T a o ir Kxponv-rn ho Xaylo Duot FV.o 8t w e e d ITaturo o:C e r r o r i ir .e n h f.iiP~iJ- J _<npo ned to ir\r0Y?. 0 di.13C SL's> Vi ' 3 moneh s y. ch;n ufen tad .1j. `Oil 5'liner rw*J. './ h n e i 1tij1-%p and cha ','00FV.ro ha dU, 'Jm 0ru t il:,V*.i / m irin i s u ecci i : Vni-iiraivn d u r a tio n i Ox i KrSjCZVSO i to Kaylo \ nontun Josul'br 30 3 o p i g "* I i^ o .v o r c in f e c t .) N-lU S p ro n d i? > g d i n o s c o 5m A a u l i r a i Ic i H o d 2 n ;c n th c z i'.t z v i n f e c t i o n a n d ? . n 2 o u f ir o : 3 .c d y ir .g 1 A d e a t h s n i t o r i n f * ? , hr. o n .. SI ! I a fte r in fo c o ,,) a .n h r o in to 5m a c t io n ; u c o : t o ; u :o c t o dunh 25 0 OA-3 I n f - c b in p f o l l c 'T- ;li;r unira c c v r e c end i*oao U'od, vAhh th e or'ooobiov- thevb * \ r l i n n 1. ,^ H . l . t o 1C ra n th o a f t e r in C o a t ionj nhevod cc petered i. arod. c\1:^ cerer.d irrj v,et a r a lo c ,, Too g u in e a o ig o Tirer in f e c t e d ;v\!.th tn riero H b a c i l l i o f the love- -t r u l e a b F -j ehr u5.u ,, 1 n 1 J .; O 441*;\Lr s s r . o f T_->.UTi'O^ Or j .U i i i '.tsj X ... rr^r-j*r. :S PXCid 'OIP r ! fdrIAL . i r : o v :u . *"iT5iv**^.r*. ` .5^- _<".Aatj/. YLi+<%) TU>- Final Hoport Owens'E ilin o i l-* 50-5 2 . .Ao ?;3,n [E n p o ^ u rc o f L\ni n a l 3 bo d u j cj. an n 3 *.,a - i l 0 -n-1-.U) P o r io d o' c i p i o z w o (concha) to dust iaouni; o f acu (/^ o f d r i o d t i .a s u j ) M in e r a l ccr.rionarita {/'j o f dri-od c ic a u o ) ' ::i0 9 vtLi'J :%o M inorai of 1 oor;ioo:rjit * t 44 i d i0 9 a :;so w9 'u ot % 3 10 12 1Q 21 tr%j 27 SO r_)>? '<3 ii </r*' J ... /* y / V.' .r' r/v . ,1 ii ' /> /'c '.*2 *1,94 '.17 4.4 2 -I, i o 5 .7 4 f; *O d 4 .3 4 4 .5 3 4.0 1 4,^00 4 ,9 9 4 w3d 4 .9 0 5 ,1 2 5 ,2 5 o -02 4.7 1 5 ,1 3 5^d2 -*l 17 as# 5 ,5 3 5 s V'O 5 .3 3 i)-, do 5 , .^i O^ ^ r 0 .2 4 0 .2 2 0 ,2 5 0 ,3 1 ^ . a o 0 .5 3 0 .5 9 0 ,5 4 0 .6 3 0 ,3 2 1 .1 0 0 ,9 7 ii ii % G q65 \ 0 .2 0 0 .1 9 0 . H0 0 .2 3 0 41 0 .5 1 0 ,3 6 0 .5 4 0 .5 0 O j l S 1 ,1 2 0 ,5 9 (i -, o 7 - Ij/wr*-** 0 .C 3 0 ,0 5 A ^ 'U 4i' ' J 0 ,5 `-J , *J*%. r ^"A.4 0 .1 3 j , 1 - 0 v x " 0 .^ 5 a , id i 0 .0 i , 0 , 1 0 0 .1 1 0 .1 1 0 . l i 0 .1 0 0 ^i b O vi ` i 0 . 3 0 .1 3 0 .1 2 o . n i 0 .0 7 0 .0 3 0 ,0 9 0 .0 3 'j ,yo Ua - xj O 43 J 0 U o . : i 0 .1 2 ; t i . 0 .C 3 0 .2 3 0 .3 2 0 ,1 1 0 ,0 3 7, -rv--* Q ,?.9 ^ ^u-*-\<^> yJN*.--T 0 .0 5 0 .0 5 0 ,1 5 0 ,2 1 0.19 0 . i 7 C J.7 1 :_' j --t ./' 11 ] !3 5 , 7 j1 4 , Od 4 f 1.0.3 \ j 1 3 i * 3 I i , 9 ] j '*.,32 ] V {`7 ? T : ^-> I /::) 1 =59 i*. , j.o*, * - .o ;? I*,3*dA 3 , <JO : .V-, io O 2 ,0 0 -*>, .^> O i w*%*n 1 0 .1 2 1 0 .5 0 1 2 .3 7 'i > *. 12 . r:") 3. ' f 3 ,'12 -T*-V.*j*^i**'0r3 XT/Vv/.ir) .*,0, -d .> z 0 #*-, ; 5 n a* 1 . rV O . :;: 2 . ' 0 i, 50 1o/- y-rf O -.li .^4r, ' , X'(i J..O ,3 i ;3 ,d d J - xO ;o 2 .03 l vo O 1 ,3 0 i -r^ 5 .3 3 15 -,3d 1 7 .1 0 1 5 ,2 0 ii 3 ,55 O y } *> L2 O--, (i7/*) ; tv)' ;'f) 'f O.Vf. Vo *_>_ tOjwo 0 ,0 2 0 .0 1 1 1 ,0 0 2 ,2 5 O j `_1O^ CU.-V`1l'V ** O.I 12 . *; a!o7o-- -J*a`o.ny i #2**.1)1,* i r->o'> rO> . r,rt } ii ii o ~ > i ro% i-i i } Mil a.I Rcpork OT-'CHS1I l l i n o i s l-Z-Q Principal chrycoiilo iim P rin cip a?, q u arts ?.inn P rincipal ca lcito lino 1 b,, Principal e e lcito lino P rin cip al quartz lin o Principal chrynoiils lino Fig, 1 1-PAY DYPFRACTIOI? PATTERN OF KAYLO a . R aylo duet re c e iv e d in Ja n u a ry 1945,. b ,, ICaylo d u ct re c e iv e d in Ja n u a ry 1349,. Both p attern s co n tain lin o s which represent a riodcrats count o f c h r y s o t ile and o f c a lo it o and a sm all amount o f q u a r tz . F a in t Hues* representing what in probably the hydrous calcium. s ilic a t e component o f Keylo are a lso procant in both p a tte rn s. In a d d itio n , bhs o r ig in a l film o f p a tte rn b c o n ta in s n very wanic l i n e corresponding to aioooito but the lin o i s too fa in t to appear in the repredueod p attern Tho qu artz oontonfc in d io a to d by p a tte rn a i s lo s s than 1 per can t p,,ad by p n tta rn b , about 4 por C 3 a t . I N* > S I * o * V * * U * > <* A **r. * %u u i . O COC >OOK INC n o ^ c o n * o 99.f 9^ 0 99.8 39 5 99 9R 95 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 5 2 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0 05 0.01 I r \ >.* ... -, c7 .. ..*. V h i .;n\v ; ') *. . ' " i ' : 'in i ' 1 *' i ' J5 -1- V*%L i o n c.u J LIk 'O h. i.. 1 1 O' I ' \ o r o : : * ; m e ;*':! r o d : Loo fo r 0 `. " 0 '.Teli n o Lo K r y i o c u r a ! Vi h?' o n e I ) i n f o i r oh o r : ,h' 4<.-*11v* :i* 'o 'T'O .-->/' .? v?"*V - j i v - 1-y D.VO r?..1. m o l i . ' b v O It) ho 1 o f i -ho dry to the r i f u i o f th r h r or o!h.oln c f c o r - t o r ;C * : h r f t 0 -*-r-- -i ? : i c o c h r . r a :e e r e A o s r i c h i n c r a n o f t;h i* ^ >*! 1 l O ? ' c r o c o s * (.\T- p e r i n l l y , f i l o s o rar. :;j o o e v o o r e v o ' i h r ,Y o nc i n u l LU. .*-. 'a n r e l n o t e d i r i r n b c o .ll % l o t a t:* ic t h i n r v j o s o f ; " ` r i i o i ' t h e b r a n c h i e !<* ; : \ b *j. : : v l r t p r . l l y r o m e i . o m i o r o ' c ' . v w o n c o n o ' ' ". ; ' . ! ' : ? ; : w i t h t h . r t i e s u e h o c I n - o .; o f a n o Torri 1 ^ u i n o c $ > ' f i e , e . \ Ar n s b o r i o d . b o d y i s p r e s e n t in i b L f i e i ' i r t ? h ?.rt r o v o n l e d i n i f , 1 d o b i s h e r r a r ? i f l o a t ! o ; ; , { 2G0 X) M --. 1 *1t *1:1 'z-a P " ' -r r , i f i o * : h i n i h i c h ^ r u . n : ; n i f i e r 1 5 .c u i o i * re-.o V* ' o f ?. .o b r v h o r i o l y r ' y * >w%.* i c c r 5 ( 1 2 0 0 X ' / ' che dnr : i .). :i T i'!, 5, t i e r u r c.-r r. r i i n r u p i n 4O.1. *"-*'`J`i rt r. 1- > h***v/j- b y i n h e . i n t i r ?. i: k ! hi'-OH o p o ccci '0 .1 >T..S. n.. *0>^-T,.*- ` j-.p h i v . ; b r c t n b s T / j .: CO t l v l o f e o r i i " ? *:?. T1 * tt >i f d r r . h * I h i r b r ? r o m : . o /. V r .s v i / .V.-cr >. t * ': ; } -* */* 4V . t j c . c s po v Cu n o u th r; t o j . r v V > ` 1 >;>. k> -->* i i r\ ih iVonr; tin cn v? o f a n o m a i vu ln eri n ;l a ? h i e f i e l d t?hc~:r> toro b r o n c h i o l e s , ;;*m* in evo co c a o t ic i : a t ilio r i ^ h t o f c o s t o v nil th e o t h e r in I c r ^ .i t ' iC 'in n i oo.cti.ori T !.(: nsrtil 3. a s o c u ia t o d b lu o d v a s s a l i =? v i s i b l e i brrjn tu o h r o c c h io lo in l o n ^ v n i d i n c j e c e t b c n , f cirirare tlio ih ic lc io o n o f l;Uo T ra il o f th c n o b r o n c h i o le s rblth viva 4! A r-i!/ 30 o f v a i 1 o f the- b ro n c h io le .? in f i g a* c , t: ar i i , t a t o n 3 r o t h e a l r o o l i end the t h i n a l v e o l a r v a i l s in th e n o r m ! _'ni/nal. \ 00 ) fir:.-. L u n g t i r , c u e o f a g u in e a p i ? e ;:p o s e d f o r *35 cion t h e t o K e v in d u c t b y i n h a l a t i o n and t h e n k 5.13.Gd,. In t h i s p h o b o ia io r o g r a p li a b r o n c h i o l e ih* .jutre ab o ve and t o t h e r i g h t o f c a n t o r , n o to t h e th lc b n o a a o f th e t ir ; ju a b o tr o on th e lunar, .o f th e b r o n c h io le and th e i r o n oo.riccn i:.ith the th in b re r .c h io iu r n o .lln l d u r e f o r ZS p .o n ih c o f *:ho a d ;jo o o n t a l v o c i in f) 5" rt *ondi J y >l?tc 0.1 i' O t h a t it*)0 IU7li- o.3. n:rpoir:t lo a r t e 3'!*/**n due:b o f t i l l 3 rr ir. a l . or. pan o#1 io A'ivnr''*^" .0 t i E SUO or 0 v i c I b l - J u ,>**r* t h e a r e no **o a.p o s .r a n t. bn c r.u co tb.ay ` th e f i 3Id o/nore f i b r e e ie V1Xan..c3: ::) rue then k ille d ,, a lv e o li The c y t U;o t bho al. w o ? .o r cs* *' *! V%^ *l *-.11/1 i ' C' 1 i :r .3 rr.rn th to l a y l o d u c t b y i ^ *' *nr4*i o a c c i v v j l o t .Leu o f if.'cn /.- V o n r t L 'le o o f -due A' >lt*.}....i t a t i CO.11.u in ibto 30 C :i n i i-* 0"*n0A"011u c!uI p 11 i r a W T r^ r'S U -r g < 7 m M { t f AV!7e * >mS O V - P . *i*v.< v ,, ^ T > U-** ' *. 4 . > <ra@frfsbPs. ' -^ ^ glp gjl '< ( . 'I "'. , :. i v ; T . - . : : v :i ' V ' 7-.` / ' \. */ .. ^ .1 ; ' . ', ' \ > .' I - * ` <T-.' ,* i^',' b . v . V ' c v ' - t V *y i n ' v 1' f r -'v?; i s :* lir V o } v :v:*`f o i f i o d r 1*; n f j ' i. . ' ' .V. 1 ' *. ; .*:v - l 1- ' M j v f i . '.o b f I"'U :v 00 v v u ;i/ i'' t\i ry/cl'y.;io v p o .r r .t : '. o n o f I - m c i 'Icvi': f o c i c f ! u v ; ; ;; n . l ' i - e l e / j : ' 1 n r ; h o i ' h ?:;nlcr c a l i n o :i.n Ilio ? . u r r; : i ' h c m ?.cvvrr / p r * i " 1;.- r . ? , ;! c v ;- uv -p. / c i u c i o ^ n / r j d - \ c ih o v * \ : ; b i ; ( i c ' - '. ' h c o o i - j f I n ' > u } o v ; rlj '*<'y''. V V ' i ')*Vj;.'J'V-'lz v ' o i '* i l o l:\ .'comi o n . r:.W .' " me o c . -, 1 ,* fe c i o f G elivo C i'C .TO. '0 1 en' ' . o f t h e i v o o o r v *;/:u ' ! c o l o : ."4 vi C-Ol l '''.'/-'i "i* " -'l /vO i.'v ^ ,:;o Cc l o : ': * 0 v / n l o o-C r :";.:1:d$.P fc> '' b - -- n 1 '' v o :; < v i e n e ' - : i li r > J r-?::M '' t o f a o u in o a i' :n . 0 rrvor bbr.j i r c / o c l v * o b :h : bon r r s f - o : y : . : : \ f o r tl-n v c to O . l i ; U:c r t h o fo b o r o lo J- 0 */ l o rV.GV. bvw U ,* '.U #i* ; iJ. A. .f1 . >j > Tii " do. rk e 0f'b o}t`*'V To' i o i:cuOj ? O riv!;7 V : cvro A cf* ;.v)bi 70 :?pr-. 7 in / 1 r i;v. lC l o f i m- pv;r -V2-or I t i c i e . ,*Nl r.i -ai l o r *0 i`o CMC i 3 V I o i b i c r;b ilio i\ ?.ov;,,r un: 'r */J <il % .!..*l`; Jo i'b t o n t r l i. '# 1 '.i m i , 3 ir. 2.X v` th o orcbciil: of Tro V-'V. CO'CTA lo rs r: ree or: % le rOV.y , . i . 5 ::> i "i 't: *i(*V ;-' f :i4*(5 t i 7 <i`UO C f w'f > :*:V' VI* oi ,f i v,f oc e o 1 w! r - i \ -.y I.. ',..i ' ' r;'e ve** . * tM r' i. O-'i-11 i e; ;'0j-. z i y s fJT } I v l `i M o u c l j 7'j . *1'e ? . 11 ' >i :* o e o i'-;r 1Vi4.\-.i. i.. o:.'> l: l i \* *, i b i l l (i 1u in:i; t l ' O ,;:c r i ' ",..v...i....'rr.^nL *L*'' ;>.;' J.. 0 ) -**,:> .Toy* 0 <f*'/-' t V,/ l ` 1*7i 0 :T00',3.j. r;, rv:o'orcii7 7 .'"l i'*')*17, i <' 4 . i ** \ \ i r y 3C.. T07/11)20--Ji tu b e r c u i <* lo o rlip h i 3 f i/ . v.o oc T***,4o in vo 3.7ero n V* A*. 3 V ** \* i( * *rr* in n i lua .Ir ' 0.U'4..f{/', ti: r/i jyr i:nrJ- e one od lo or: erra T/ o f 3.J 27:OS 1 corvo! * . J .n U ^ Library Report File ''O ggpB ragans m eg ex stcpiss c? z k n o 905 2 Q g S S ^ L D r c (SA SS C ggJL gT SsgTZft O a*y 16, l^ T /y^a 7^ TA B I8 OP COTTI*!* i z t t f f t o f .........................................* .............. .............................. X. s b c k b t x o s .................................................... XX. m s s m akd ccb d u ioe o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXX. ttm sravriotf cr asbestos bt fat flf. . . 1. EOC0CB2O ASPECTS............................................ 8 . THE roawica cr A S B E S T O S ............. X. SQKST2TBTXC9 OT ASBESTOS f f f CBLLLC51 rtfePS.......................................... .................... .. %. rcroRE pbooeah. . ................. ...................................... i t * tm aaaoffAL far?..*** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l * n o ? A i u a r x o 9 c r s a k f l e b . . * . . . .......... 8. n&UBTZCB or ia t a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. F 2 6SRX5S, AUDI?ICS CF D A F T ...... A . B2CCSD S E B E S , XETLOZSCS CF B R U ZO tE X n SA .7 1 ^ ............................................................... 5 . THIRD S U I E S , W B G X U A SO AIOZ5IOS3 6 F O S S E S S B IS S , AUDIT IC S CP <PX UBATA 7* FITTE SE R IE S, AUDITI CO CF PXXZK CLAY. T . THJS CLAY F IC B L S S .. ............................... TABUES X TO T I FIATES I TO I H ' V > fiX X tp g X. Arthur 2HMittle,2fnc. C H E M I S T S E N G IN E E R ft CAMBRIDGE 42. MASSACHUSETTS Kay 16, 19*7 O w ens-IH i n d s G la s s Co* S o le d ,. Chi ' A tte n tio n Mr P . g * fcciw si' GeatlsnsntI . . . . V* V t r t f t s a i t h e r e w ith o u r glK TH fH CO RSSS K5FCST & I 03 STUDIES (y ZATLO. This report cowers the firs t pbass j of our 4nveti0stit on determining the possibility of replacing port a ll of ths asbestos in Xaylo by paper pulp, While our previous investigations on tbs nee of papor pulp were oxplcaretcry in nature end ecueeatrated j on the replacement of "spieulated* asbestos, our present j investigation tahoe into aoocoat the present plant pra. j tiee-and emphasises replaeeaent of asbestos in a sanaer \ which would necessitate no chans# in plant prooedure - and as little change in batch formulation as possible* At this tine it can be reported that from a strength point of view Kraft pulp oaa be used as a 9 satisfactory substitute for Chrysotile asbestos, if s I I. IHTKCPPCTIOE Za praviana vcartc as sni-- visad l a cor KXOZTH i n o o B s s ft xtsrcBT gbi m r o m u s s E L o t d y c r k z c x c t c r z t s^ 1 ; of arsh *7 , 19 * 6 ,'* aatablished tha fact tbat papar pulp s a a be asad suocassfully aa a substituto f c r "a p i- ( - . t >culatad* aabaatoa* tba praaaat asbestos abortege g ro atl? [iaoreaaed tba latera at la thls poeslbllltjr freo a prae- | f t le a l p d n t o f va Aooordlagljr, tba praaant stady vas j >la ltla to d ln erdar to Investgate tba p o ealb llitlo s o f i i < p a r t a ! cor to ta l aubstltutlcn e f asbestos by papar polp i V r fr e a a taebncaosleal aad socacoloal poiat of Tiv. | Slsaa fren a sorelgr aaloa pLct of vlov tbara j . my ba a re siatacar terarda tba Inclusin o f a c cranla - e s ta rla ! l a Kaylo, l t la asaaced tbat tba asa ef papar i pulp l a ocatcaplatad as a aobatltata cnly vhan and 1 f j tha aacont o f aultabla aabaetoa gradea avallab l* ara l a - < su ffio leat* Acocrdinsly, l t vas ndearcrad to derslcp I fcrsuloa fcar tha ineorportico of papar pulp vhich v i l ! j coi aaoeaaltata a07 abanto c f tha praaaat plaat procadore, as v o ll as tba la aat posslblo changa l a s la r r y charaeter-* la tio s aad batah fem la tic o . " Zt la bollared that va har achiered thls a la ; fo r K raft pulp aa a subattntion a a t e r la l, aran tbougb va ara f o ll/ avara o f tba faet tbat tba fin a l ta it v lU resida l a pllot-plaat tests. Arliitr ,51. -?nt-  * ' * * -4 * .. \ ./ . / *' . i I % 1 jj X* oof . * v e h e r* | N f t in g c^ m t l c o j i w it h m p M t t o * * th e u t i o i o f U 7 1 _, | l a E a y lb a n d v e f o o l , t h a t fu r t h e r s tu d y o f t h e s e p h e n o a e n a n a y s h a r u p t h a t c la y s s a y s e r v e a s a s u it a b le | M a t e r ia l t o b a la a a e o a t p r o p e r t y v a r ia t io n s d o e t o e h a n g e b jj l a t h e t y p e s a n d / o r a i a m t s o f o e r t a l a s o * M a t e r i a l s u s e d * so eh a s I. ./M b e a t o s , d ia tc n a e e o o s e a r t h ^ < . \ *. * ~ - y 4 an d q u a r ts . ; *. , >v- .* . - CL 'w* *i 'v ` **. '<V *** t5' + *) . ' >> v r v i ! * :: ( *"*v* V^ .1 r . ;#/ M . > U . r-{ , i * Vv ; ; /i , t .' * > - - j ' ^ 'V i i ? . ^ " ' ' ' ' - ' ' ' -a * > * . *?* ' * * 1 ' > _ * *' t ** '' v.-. - ,V -.~ Y - t ' 6 . f fc k f * i >i f L fe O * / A rU m r JS mX rtlU , 3 n t- i l . gpomnr abd c g g u a io o 1 . X ra ft palp sea be used as a p a rtia l or te i replaeessnt far esbeatca hs&s a. introducing clay Into the to*toh* to. if hiaging la act larcrtant, a vhereby additia of Otssrsvsja has provea to bo helpful* ;ft* A b r ie f eecoosle surrey o f the a v a ila b ility o f . c iU v lc & lc palp esto rtala Is reecs&nded* 3* She. sign ifican ce o f a lly addition la dlseassed . and I t I s f e l t th at cla y say hr > 1 - a. ! reducing the asbsstos asooat la a l l asbestos Blrtnres, b . l a adjusting variati in m m aterials* * A proposed futuro p re g a * fo r th is project la o u tlin e d . Arllpxr 3D. Site. a la 1 ! O } t 6 m . g q M T a p rio w o r sb b 3t c s g r f i r n pu lt | . i l . &CCPTOCTC J^FBCTS t f;.- . ri''- : i \ : V- j Za w r a p a * o f lo v w tte r 6, 19*6 oa " A s o li* ! ! e b ility o f i i U i t u * tha a a rte t s it u a t i a f a ste sto s betj / U s a d ise u sso d l a am d a t a li . ` U s ila l t l a s t a t a i th o ra j *th a * th a sheortaga o f nplaaiag~ gv*da aab aatoa aoy a o t t e - . ja a ra ra aa o f e cra e th s r e n d , l t v a s s t i l i f s l t ttoat tha g s a s r o l s i t u a t i v i l i t e t ig h t f c r 7 & n t o s e n a , io o e rd la sly # th a rsoaB Boaa& tlcns o f th t* aaa l ia p rs p o rt [oaqpbaslaad tb a d s s lra te llltg r o f a scorate f r s a t e a t lt a t l jp ra & u ct. /; t f-* r prrrXoaM a ^ l p a sso n i f i a l i nga a ta o e g ly la * v d ic c i* th a t s o r ta la pepar p u lp s a a j fu m iate a sa lta te lo is u b s titu tim s a ta r la l fc r p o rt or a l l tba a s te s to s . I t ' L - .. ria r s a lls a d th a t pepar a to c * o f a l l fclnda la a o t to o ir s s d lljr a g a lla tel o . B e o o rsr, th to caaga aaoaaaarp f a r p a r t ic i or t o t a l rap l& easaat e f asb asto s l a X sjrlo la a m ah c s lle r parosataga o f tha pepar tra d a , so tb a t lo e a l s c o d itlc u s anda trm g te la lin g oooldo rsato a aneh aero ! fa ro ra te l* p o s i t i tteaa l a I t e a sb a sto s a u rfc st. ! S t i l i l t ls stro o g l/ reaoeeaadad th a t a te rU f eooocaie r u r r a j o f tb a a v a ila b ilit y o f o e llu lo a le pulp .m a te r ia li e sita te la fa r osa porpora be o a d srta te a a s a o ] aa p o s s ite la , s s p s e la lly lt h rs s p s a t to mar K r a ft s li p * I p ia g a . * ! { ' * ! i - . I I Arffcox jB. Xiti,, i`mi. ,L 9* 1 j " jr - 7 : K raft p rtse s, * h iU va a b ig h lt w l A t p m u t , s e cop are ra v o re b ly v it h a sb e sto s p r ie s * ad xwnr K r a ft ` ^ >ppiage, es Md 1a cor prssent #*psrsent* er Qtiotsd [et colr $*5.00 pos* tea* Bailad, old asvsprlnt la daoted set $20,00 and vood polpe anyrhsre frs $60.00 to $100.00 parteo. ' e> ygg rmcTioff er Aasssros Vfcils crlgtnally a stress oapBaoio es pnt ca ths svspendlng prcpertles cf asbestos, present prestios has *ov*d avsy fro b thi* eoacept and prlsarlly eccsldcrs Its foaotlcBs as a rviafcasias egest. |: E y and lar^e lt ia oov euereny aecepted thAt |*pic&0ated* asbestos ls net necessarj fer the saseessfolj - i i -prvparatlon cf Eajrlo axd asbestos as oosd la present J- l bateh fcneoletlen. eaa be fcardlr dosl&aetod as epicnlAted** I . !. ;A sample cf asbestos slnrry provlded by Berlin had a free* lots* of flfty, hile *sploulAt#de asbestos vccld corres* Ipoed to a freaoess of abozt 70 er acre# tbe degree of t cpealag p presentir sed prvidas satisfaefcery etrsagth fand hlagiag propertles. Vfcea the eoaeept cf sabeatea as a suspenda* i .agsat still vas eophaslsed. ths p l a t i n i s * pjropsrtis of j ftpleulatefi" Chrysotil* ver frecueatly thougbt of as a eontribetlo* factor. Horevor, eren frcat tbis polat of ,vlev lt vas Colts ecnolesively fonal thet blae Africas Xx avt V : 3.- * . s * m a l A a o s lt* a sb e sto o v h lo fc o a o t ehcw anjr " p e le tla o e t2 . p e e p e rtle s a r e ja e t m ig o o i, l f u t b a tte r t b t t thoe# e f * C fcV T setlla* 9bex e re p o o sib ly ecoevbat ia f e r ie r v it h i m p N t t e h la g ta g (e o e ZBXSD rX0CSZX83 BSTCet 0 IB V E S T I. . |O&tZGV <F w a c t s cr ASOITIC CP ASB2STC3 90 ICKKOfGB2TB, . j-August l ,l S * 3 # C-57516).'**h io bea becn eoaevfcat bene < io tt by actu al pleat esperlenoe v lth Aaoslte la the B orila p lletp laat* f ' : rv :v' -' ,'w . . . . fila s , .a e ts o r s ts a , 10 lb s ./ c u .fU p r o d u c t i ' f or b o ile r la g g la g ead p ip e e c r s n v i l i be e f seccato re _ jjirspertaace l a th p ia m o ! la r g o -e e a le p rc d n a tlc n , v h llo . > |20 lb a ./ e n f t . d o or a e ro e sd r e s f lo b o v i l i t e e f p r i* frcary in p o r te n s e , l t l e b e lia t e ! t h e t h ic g ls s p r c p o r tie a .. . f v i l l be e f le e la te r e e t th a a la tto o a r llo r la r e e tlg e rt i c o s , F a r th e n a c re , r s ln fe r e eneo end e a s p e o lla g power ere p ro te b ly l e u c r i t i c a i l a t e SO l b . p re d o e t. 1 A c e c g g ja slr 1 * Z s b e l l o r i tb a t l t eh eold be ( a lte peso b le t e aso v a re o s gradea e f asbestos In te r * .. ' teh aaseeb lj v ith e o t m t o r ln lly e ffe e tla g th u a ltjr e f - p r o lu c tio a . A b v i l i be d is c u s s e ! l e t e r , a pprop ria t o n t llls o t lo a cer fa o r an d an te e f c lc y n ig it p ro re h e lp fa l < U n e d ju s t la g th b a tch p r c p e r tle e l a ch an gln g o ra r fr o a ione t jp e o f a sb e sto o t o a a o tb e r* R ia r a d d iti* * o f le y edlgfat e le o p e s c it a i r e t o e t lo a l a . th t o t a l a a c e a t e f a sb e sto s ae*4 arri h e lp te eeoserve sto c k *. I \ . ' Arthur L 3ni. \ fi . RsrTTfmiaa at ASRsaros bt ttnijm m n r a m f A i v lU b d im it la 4 tto il U W f^ X c v # ', [la g s e c tio n , the f ir s t phase o f oar in v e stig a tio n has provoa a lto o cn e la a ie e ly th a t fr o * * stre n g th p ed al o f v lo v a sb e sto s e a a bo a s s e s s fu lly rsp lA eed by p aper palp# h ereb y o e r exp erim en ts tim o fa i* v a ro U n it e d t o K r a ft .|p a lp an n o d e.fr e n m v X m ft s lip p in g * - ^ .r Xa preparing a botch o f s ld ls r eensistenay r: as aw n*ed In notasi prcdeotlca and la obtaining satis* Ifantasy strength* ; * *-*;-> *7 - j { l) ths nre o f boot 1# alay a d d ltle {hereby the:. I ": 8 IO2 a2ap 1 obstltated for 610^ of the 4 : * * tesi, bafceh) ras focad detiuive ror'accasciai : to ta l substitution of asbtf&c* ty paper palp and. ? ( 8) th e a d d itio n o f O ta K araya fo r d is p e rs io n o f th e | fib e r n s fentsd t o be a lt o h e lp fu l and I s la * I . elu d ed l a ear p re fe rre d b a tch fe r s aU t l c a \ - B atch* node n t h paper or oven paper and asbeetoo n lx tu re s a m n ot s ti fa tc r 7 irltb resp ect to " ih lagln g hw ever# t T y p ic a l b atch la p M lt ic o s a re g iv e n l a T a b le VX cinder >a and pb. ! ; Cor p resen t exp erleaoe appears to in d ic a te th a t | ' I teat p a r t ia l re p la e e a a a t o f a sb e sto s th e aesw at o f s la y t o | vbc addrd n ay be a fu s e tle s t o f the degree o f r e d a c tio n l a asbestos a d d itio n . i - | / In p re p a rla * pa p e r p u lp sw e u se d * p a p e r b e a te r b u t I t 1 * aattiM irt^ h a t a a y o th er M ethod o f p o lp ln g , ; ?. -;: *:-?. ' ' ' ' i ?vfc*tb*r dry or w st, c o ld be io d w ith equal su ccess* ! * ' ; * ram as rao taiir : y --- - -- - \ f l . * : 5o th a t the u se fu ln e ss o f paper p a lp a s an j asb estos su b stitu te has been e sta b lish e d and l a le v o f J i . ! ca r oth er o b se rv a tio n s, we reeoH nad co tlzsu a tlca o f cu r j , . . . . (program as f otto**9 ] (a) !/ ' . | F sv p aratlo a o f s sa p l** f w b w t p resen t fo n u la i sod o f standard e co p o sltlca fo r ecsp a ra tlv e te s t* w ith re sp e ct t o th s fo llc v la g p ro p e rtie s! I - (1 ) f i r s r e s is ta n c e : > - ' | (2 ) s tre n g th jm * b o a t tre a ta e ftt ap t o 650*0* | ty .;-(J) .s tr s a jjth v s . h r a d d ity * . j : (b) A d d itio n c f c la y n , varyin g s u b s titu tio n o f j [ - .-.a s b e s to s l a th e base fc r x w la . . j < ; <o) E xp lo ra tio n o f oth er c e llu lo s e p ulp sl a p lu s o f ( f ; X ro fti " ' ' t r I * (l) X m p rla t * ; | (2) Wood p a lp ! - O ) Other a v a ila b le paper p alp s* j (4) r e d s s tlo a o f a sb e sto s l a p re sa a t fo raoLL av lth c a t su b stitu tio n t s . a d d itio n o f s la y . ( (s) C c o s ld s r a tia a o f pap a r p u lp in g M achines o th er tk a a ; la th e V a lle y paper beater* j Artip** S . TCmU,?nz. o o o 'v ' | t y p ls e lr Jo o r t eh art* l a F ia te XX The a a to e la v e , b o lla r , ? 9 * A t9 llT t ta d tu p e r a tltr * 1*00*4? I H ShOa fU iF U u x x T :r > 'v r [ th se rp i e t ver d rie d a s shorn l a it e v a rice s 1 ,- - 4 - * | ta U M i v J eco d ltlo n ad l a th s lu k c ta to ry fo r fit hoars b o tar te stin a ' ; . . / . -, 1 ' ' ' f' .i *" ' ' *--*i - I t o a c b e sto e a d- p a p e r v o to b o a tta a a i t i a d i r i p ap er b o a te r an d th e d egree c f b e a tla g becked b y th ;_v ; sta n d a rd fr e s a s s e t o s t * 2 . m iSB LT XCg C ? C&?A - t O looo a p p rc g d a a tltA c f p ia s i p roced u re c a a ; la b o ra to ry a lo In trod o tte* s c a s ld e r a b l* d im e t t it i ivifch resp o o t t o r e p r o d u c ib ility o f d a ta The s h o rt K tx - f i a j tlc o l a p a r tic u la r appears to bo o b jectio n a b le l a * th is respoot | S o v e r t h fle s s , I t me d e cid e d t o adh ere t o th e [above o u tlin e d p reced ere ra th e r th an t o ad ep t th e aethod e M e d l a th e T o le d o S e te ria ! L a b o ra to ry ,? B la se I t wee b e lie v e d th a t la th is in n e r r e s u lti vere ore d ir e c tly t a p p lica b le to p la n t procedure T ea pensa d e n sity n s chosen fo r most e f e a r ie x p e rla e u te , s in c e I t vm a s r a e d th a t d iffe r s b e * , tv e e a paper p alp s aad a sb e sto s v co ld beeooe a cre a o tl a b le l a th e l i f t e r prodoet f .. : . _ r i - . i ; ' i Jtrtfcar H. ICcttU, 3i *t n *0 Xa rdvir t M f t t o g m c f tt t f t ^ d*Y*tlC=a eCMpariaCftaaapl## vt tb* Standard i* I eoEpeeltla na InclBflad in all am, alan* oaap*ra* I tira alaos cf Variation* la papar palp batehaa vare to ba lataatltfrted cnl? ( j 2a evalnatlag raaalte avarag traoda rare [. ecnaldarad ratb#r tbaa ocoparlan cf iadividsal batchoa, | .2a thia naonar 2t la feit that, la eplte cf tentiAap. abl* Variation la raaulta fron am to r a Uta fixtteng* f er aalte reliab ly eatabllebad .1 All etreagth vaina vera ratead to a tbao . rstlcal Asatlty cf 10 lba/eu*ft. ;bj aaaucl&g atialgxt | la: relatlcnablp betveea atreagtb aal de&alty, rtdah ' |tppearo to ba aatlafaoterx f oo^jarleea parpo*##, ; alaoa deasltle* cf tha aaopla* variad batvaaa 11 Iba,/ 5 oo.ft, a&d 18.5 2ba/eaft mly, s . rz a s? s s s ts s . A so m e n py rRA?? A fraaaaea ef 0 trat* abosen aa th ftaasUrd [ frasee* fer Kraft papar palp, evaa thoogh 50 rccld pro. j bablj b eafflalast, laca tbe rar te rlal ad la aav ; Kraft ellpplag, 1t aa tboat that a higher fraaoa* i roold varrant er Alforeltp. IC 1t ahoaH baeew da. 'alrable bovarar, taata rltb 50 fraanaaa pcvlpa rill ba :aarrlad Mt* t Ic l ' jfvtlifur .0. tlii*, 3vi. vx diffrasse la spaslfla gravity, 1^5 Erafpalp afeeald. bava abcat tb aaaa volcas s 20 aabattaa and Ino .12*5 Jfeaft givaa about tho sa* ecBslatassj aa 20 aa* bastea, 12?$ Kraft addition vai ebaea ar tfca standard j t e r * 1 1 ca r oo sp & rlecn te s te - The v a rio u s K r a ft asb esto s m lxt rec ahova la ; th e T a b le appear to le d le a te th a t th e a la tu r e s r e s u lt . I l a a a le v v a la s s a s th e a ll- K r a f t p a lp sam ples | \ Improved nlslng la the Siapeoa nixor aeesa to r1 benefit asbastos ore thus. paper pulp (possibly boeasea \ o f th e g re a te r fr s e a s e e e h o se n ), w h ile la a g e r a a to e ln r ia i : a p p a re n tly b e n e fite d th e e q u a lly v e il B cre v e r, th e | r e s u lt s sh o rn l a T a b le 11 e e ls I t a p p a re n t t h a t th e \ In d u ra tio n t l s la fla a a e e ra th e r lia lg a ir le a a t and does j not a ffe e t th e re la tiv e re m its i I \ I ...................... \ ? * " - i ..... ; . . , . , | o f th is * ' In v e s tig a tio n . - Arthur Jn t. . 1 ,f. Za rsuctlea, with th is scries the e ffe ct* of j .Kerosene and Feeaex as dispersing Agents were :Khile there #m ocBo ladiootlGB that these Additions hon A S lig h tly hSAftflOiAl OffAh XiSttltS VOBS BOt Slgnl f j OABt i'e n o u g h t o n n u t ft t r U s r l i v i U ( i t i e ' >; . CSCOSD SSRXZ3, ZKPL0I5CE CP POXIBg TegygSlTCgg fb t l& seaslsteesy o f *tsu ite* * the feaosa 7|- properties o f o tl ialo o lo m te ria l* suggested a b rie f investigation o f the inflasnce of drying precedur# as 1em ssarisediaAblo IX The variations l a drying procedure did not . o shew oacr a iga iflo a a t results fear tbs Eraf t esaples sad the average difference between asbestos A&d to o ft sasples bus area renter tasa la the fir s t series* S , TETED 853153. BISCSUAJSOg* AC3BTCT3 Observation* o f the hatch alxturo* Appeared to ladleate that paper pulp has a teadcagy to agslcoorat* during nixing la the ecoseatm tlcas used la our hatches l the re la tiv e ly good results previously Obtained with hatehes containing 4jf Kraft where th is e ffe ct would he Klninlsed appear to hear out th is eoacluslca. Varlcue unsueeessful approaches to obviate o th is are eoHArlsed la Table 1X1 f ArthurO. JCUil*. 3n x. | 'tw- 6 r c t a g w ftggTga. A p p g i o a or o w r u r n :g*5T " : : *' `V f ; \ . .v e x p e rie n c e I n th e B sa u fa c tu re o f s t e n a ll s h e e t* h a t sh o rn th a t d s a e e ty la ts d (has K araya i s o a tita n k in g i n th e d is p e r s io n o f lo o g - f lt o r papor p a lp s JLcscordlsgl^ I t a s thought th a t i t nay ** b e n e fic ia l la a at a lia s a o sa sr l a th e p re p a ra tio n o f e e llttlo s le p alp K a y le . : h a tc h * . th e txso o f d e a c e ty la te d O a K& reya 1 p a te n te d and th s p a te n t a r s h o ld fey tb s Jo h n M anning C o * , v fcich had b e sa a s s is t e d in t h is d sv e le p u e n t fey co r O ca* pan? Z t I s asstsacd th at i f d e s ir a b le , s a tis fa c to r y lic e n s e a rra n g sse a ts s c o ld be O b tain ed , th e p ric e o f | C sa S a rn y * i s frees about 30 t o 5C^ p er pound* Tvo p e r* | een t d e a e sty la to d Gun C arey * a s used In B oat o f co r e x * \ p e rla sa te t p o ssib ly h ig h e r a d d itio n s ay b rin g about | bobs In p ro v cn sa t* [ th e r e s u lts o f th is s e r ie s are em sarlsed la ta b le Z Y . X toaoetylatcd Qua C sra y a cb v lo u sly b rin g about ease Isgirovese& t and th e average fig u r e s e re g iv e n in tb s la s t lin e s o f th e ta b le * E s p e c ia lly ecR p orlscn v lt h : the averages f r o the ascend aad fo u rth s e rie s p d & t out th e narked ln p roveoen t O btained* B s v s r tb e lc s s , th e re * c u lt s a r e s t i l l c o n s is te n tly lo v e r than th o se O btained | v lth a sb esto s. 1-- - t .Krliiirr JP. Irik, ,Tr~- I t e b o o ia t o n o t+ a , h o o o vo r, tfcat^ t t o tv e : vr-- v " - b ftt* b t n i i a t k lx t u r M o f a b b a te p io * f/fL X n f t (A 1 ?0 # A l* 5 ) ffiv e q o a lly a a s e c a r e e u lte e e 20J to sta Xeno ^ V i FITTE 823X58. A P O R IC g < g P2XXR C IA T V ..V .. P ro rto a e ap o rleae# v iti t to b e n e fic ia i e f f t o t ctf 2*7 a d d itia n o erisso e to d t t o s e o f c l o y f o r t t o la - p revoasn f o f o lia t o le p a lp b a te to e , T to r e s u lta ae s c s m r is e d l a fo b ie V ehear t t o h ie ly b e n e fic ia i c f f o c t t - - * f t a le a d d it i u T to b a tti e c s p e s ltie a e a e e d l a t h le - e r i# * epe I r e I n fo b ie T2# 5 . . . . .Scoople s A134 th rattgh A -13 7 U ln a t r e t o e p to a e e e a c a , ebaerved T a r a i tlsaos p r v ic \ i ly # a b iti le n o t q u lto nderetood aed c a la a t i to fo r tto r la t o t i- g& ted w lth ia t to eeepo o f th le p r o je o t. C e ?tn in batebee o a t e la p ro v o a a rk o d ly c a re d ry in s o f t to oaap loa t e 120*C te r a to u t ce b e lf to eoe h a , . b ile th l* o rlo e le s r ly deca stra to tto b e n e f ic ia i e t i c a o f e l s j ce E r o ft batch s# l t l e la e e s p le to l a B u y r e e p e o ts . X t f e l l e t o etow v to t to r Oca I 7 1 b e n e fic ia i l a o c a ju n o tlc a v iti e la y . X t e le o doso a o t eh or e u ffic ie a t b a rla tlo o e la o la y ecato n t and t o s e fo r m ila s u r i* t ic , boti v iti ro sp o t t o a ll- K r a f t aad to a la o d E ra ft-a s to s to e b a te to e . Arthur r> Tl ittl* , - mm. 3 o T. T g g C M Y yHOBLEJI -- th a t e la y a & ltle a s e ty bave a b e n e ficia i e f* fe e t m Z t y lo t e i b eea c ib se m d f r a tim o t e t i s i b o th l a A e r ila aad JLa e n r. la b e n to r le s r . * , I n en r BXQESK PSOOSBS5 K S ? a (pese 12) lt ^ a i a ta te d tb a t th assoaft c f e la y vfcleh eoa b ln t r e - is e o d -te ad m atage appeera t o b d*peadal ca t le type* c f aeb eate ed aad co tbe anoant e f aatarste doet latred aeed b7 l t . V reeelred l a f n a tic a t r a i B a r ila , : j k t b a t e la y a d d ltlc n vme b e s s f le la l v it h e r ta la s M p * ; s ta ta e f R is a lit e . V ia poraaat e la y ra s aed a a : ataadard a d d it ic i l a s o s t e f co r previene e e lla le e l p alp bocchea a o th a t a e c c p a rla c e d a ta vere a r a ila b le * U n g i rem fcy d ro xId e, e la y , aad f c r tla a d e e ssa t v e re c f a d b e n e fic ia i l a p reT iea a a p erla sn ta l a eur la b o re * to rie a c a t e f tb la p rerlon a v a r i ve sede v ith J C e lli # vfeleh l a p a re r tb s s P ic e lit e aad u suai ly v it h i aebeetee a d d ltlo n a e f le a e th a a !*& Z a tv e a ty potrei s a t e r le ls vo bare beea a b le t e la tro te e e ecn sid em b ly b it t e r aaoonts e f e la y e b ta la * la g very e tro e g b od les v ith e n t atsesalr a b rlak ag . The preaeat la r e s tlg a tlm agala highllghte th i-fa e t tbat a lay eaa b t M ^ x ly b e a s fle la l cader e e rta la } j Ireos taaeea* The aeaat reea lt eoa to lodi est (e Tabi l a eeqtnetlca v ith tab i VI)# bea easparlag f Arthur 5. iitAt-, 3 ! t a te * A - W ad J I55 w ith b steh S - A Ji, th a t istro d a e tlv ji or e lsy h y m b e tltn tla g it s * H le a * t e a t fa r s llls s o f th boa oop osltU o is p referab le to su b stitu tin g to ta l cla y fo r A le sto th a t asbestos ad c ls y (o r slm alm ai hydroxide?) b ere <*!* s e t i th c a la Ipore f o m i t i , F o e sib ly Irs i nera ocnpeands ad it s p o ssib le sig .ll& rlty io the c h a slc o -p h y a issl s e t i o f asb estos appear to tea c i s u f* fie le s t isp crts& eo to warrant osto eysto satie sp ier* il -. thsssdolTos voli fo r roseareh, since tbo possitio lnflu* . ease of asbestos, ad urtati* tbersef f r batch to .1 batch osa be o lla la s t e A ^ ^ P * Vbe fo llo srta g v a risb o pposr to bo e f ia d is to lateres t i (a) V a r ia t i c f e ls y e ste n t w ith e g lre a C/fc r a t io (K * s illo s re v cate r i s i o- fiO in slay)# (b) V e r is t i o f C/fc r a t io fe r g ire n ls y cotent (o) In fln eaeo o f type o f sircadnos rev v a t r i* l, snob s s fcyrstod s la v i m , I s o lla , d iffe re n t types o fto a ll ti& ys Alitar IL TiliJt 3ut- 2a a& ltlca theivto, iba in fla m a of asbaitoa <1 tn x t a a h a a ie a l poiat o f vi*v ib i2 i ) ataclia* i u b iit M <tet ia a msomr M m U la id t l i y : adsp (a) aad (b) abara. ^ ; - Firan a y y a o tlta i pola a f T iw tha foUcurlng ! lA ta v a a tla g ia p lia a tia a a n b fO N to a u Aabastca aaataat ould b* ta d le a lly a**** b n 'latrodacSas cla y la a b&2anol a u s r <- ' T . ~ ; {2) Clay cm ld te u s d as a ecagwaa&tlng factoc* fe * . J ;: ';., ' lo t to l e i r&riatlcna e f aabsstoe aad flla to . ; f *", * - * * ; . '* ~~ cas aartb aupasata* ' \ (3) !' C2ay .aXIr ya3 c a ;c f tUatcaocacacs &Fth * soataat. . * . J * * * (b) *C2ay eoeld laflcanaa tba abaedeai a ta b lllty f X ijlo * f f` s Artinrr i Tlttl/, 3oc. I .*t Jtv i. o 1 : -is Q o T in t B ri M nt% ^ ^ a i u c a ^ ^ * t iO >*0. gggpu L b ,/ M .la * ^ A im gi 80* AlhostM .18* b ft V iM iU c f b fi Additi M l Kraft A -43 t * * A-43 10% A44 12* . A-4* U * C ro ft b ettos m ie ta * *4 *sy / r * fc > .i 40 33 A-5Q & & A sb estos A *44 4> K r a ft 10* A sb estos A -47 IC S t r a f t ji A sbesto A -46 b> K r a ft 4>Asbeefcas S J r ;0 1 r A -66* * 8 0 * A sb esto 66 A-70 ? * t r e ft 40 A -66 6* K r a ft beatn. v lt h 6* a sb e sto s to 63 fre sn o s 53 A -6 7 6* K r a ft + i& A sb esto 50 U sin g Precedere arsi AutooIs s in e g B eer A otcelag 7 Sours Antoclaeo B lg p scin Oos Sjfrffscq E<g 80* Asbesto# 65 12* K ra ft 40 12* K raft 58 TT 65 46 55 4T 46* % (ts o fo ld a s la s fciae) B a sis b ateh fia p a lt lc o i - se# T a b i TX Za t a is nod tb e fo U csrtag ta b le s sep arate ro as are M p m te l tjj a s o lid U n s **?la A-SS^L A -bsA A --658 A -t36B A -62-A A-Ul-A A -62-B A -til-B AM * AM * A *S ** A M ** A M ** A M ** a m * * A M ** A * Z * * A M ** A M ** A * 0* * . A -1 0 7 A -13# A-S-D A974 AM * AM * A -100-B A -100-0 A*& * AM * am * AM * TABU X I BooonA Sw I b i I a n f W g f firrlag Cctes(itln A ib ta to c a / ie *x j ft . ' w a M U rw tM tt 10} * C . 192*0 . 10J * S . 192*0 . 103*0 <p t o 130*0 u/ 0* fit . &\ 6T( S& . 64 -f? 1 67 55 i *..: 50 Si 55 S ^ A l ^ t 160*5 70 a a 8 regB U p * | o 160*0 I? a a a a a * * 162*0 a fg ) 53 5) Mi a a l e 160*0 * 5 a a 5 50 COS Asbastea ISJ* ZxuTt 100*0 6 44 X & Z f*tt a a a a a a a a a a a a a a * 160*0 t o lcrs B d f 44 te r* , eesHtlc&ad 163*C . t o 1C:> BCl* 43 tur*, e c d ltlc o ^ d 1.g wc , taafced l a - 40 a^ iata ly 16GV taatod l a - 6T lCG'G, taatad la * 58 a a ia tsl* 16o*C-105*0 , taated 5* ia c a d ta te lj 160*C*- 105*0 , taetad 61 i*=-*4l A U l 7 160*0. - 105*0 , taetad 45 ifflaadiatclr i*mis Cm,' bmut conditional 43 59 T b o o l a t e * * t l 4B v m jz L S te llte t K lsallanocw Additi cos. Dritti a t lgQ*C fis a no ni . 112 115 <113 115 118 117 II9 JU X21 120 123 1 X8 C o o e e ltic o i 0* A i^ o a to i 1 ? * * ft lB S ^ A M d iM p lf f U a ,/ 79 8 .- 33 boote 78 Xg C r a ft fio th e e o l f o r d it t ^ R io D *6 52 Iff* C r a ft ,5 * C/fc R t l o 52 1 # C r a ft ,0 5 C/4 i t U e 52 CC3 Acbfitcs ir C ra ft 57 Xi C r a ft boatoa trlth lis a 12^ t o r t beaten to 50 f m a n s 553% Jth c e l 12 C r o ft (m a llo TJLBL3 X T Fcwurth I p r i t i Ova I m n A d d itio n . D ried a t j C * C * i .r ,v*. 1 X0 i i * - a 12 ? -12S 126 SeasssiU es 20$ A sbestos ' 12$ C r a ft O sa C a re y s * j* i T 2120$$ At rsab ef tsto+s0 < C srsy s " 12& t r a f t Otas E s r a y s C e ro se a e Ito * ./ aa .la * S S3 S 152 129 150 (151 20$ A sbestos 12$ K r a ft Otn C areys 6$ A sb o sto s 6$ K r a ft 6a * ta ra la 10$ K r a ft + O s Caraya SO lb s ./ c u .ft . S TO 170) -335-A 20$ A sb e sto s 61 i.-1 5 5 -A 11$ C r o ft O sa C a re ya -IVM L 12 C r a ft Q m C areys C aressas l i A -156-A 12$ C r o ft " Ett V*rM S Src^; A sb e sto s 12$ C r o ft (h a C arera + C a ro s a 6> A sb e sto s + 6$ C r a ft G ta 79 Carsya VSZCaR 20$ M b s r to s Average 12$ P l/ fe re o o e A re ra g e 20$ A rerag* 12$ 01fle ra rs o C ra ft A sbestos C r o ft Osa Caray* 65 53 18$ 67 59 - 11$ Soeaad u i F o a r tb b o rlas 66 51 -2 5 $ . A ddition c f VLxtm C lay . t>rld a t s e n s HO vM!t L t, Wl PP5 8 pn n O o * 1 <o o M> to 81 *) 3 fi0 19! S333 %3 55 o a&:g2 a^a , ; k s ?s; i o * % !!a W s x 8 H o T I P S S P s fi P Sit 4 a 8 >o SB 33 3 rSM *'7 -<4 < < rrrr O T V