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T9 31 OFFICERS p. 5 ' Owens--Corn ing ! '`EMBERS p. S (National Gypsum! AUTOMOTIVE SECTION, OFFICERS (Bendix Products Division, OwensIllinois 31-ass! p. 14, 15 CEMENT AND QUARRY SECTION, OFFICERS (National Gypsum! p. 231 CHEMICAL SECTION, OFFICERS p.62, S3 (Pittsburgh Plate Glass! (coal mining section! ROOF DRILLING WITH DUST CONTROL EQUIPMENT p. 44--49 harm of breathing, silica dust p.45 COAL MINING SECTION, OFFICERS p. 50, 51 CONSTRUCTION SECTION OFFICERS p. 22, 23 * ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT INDUSTRY SECTION, OFFICERS p. IS, 19 GLASS ANP CERAMICS SECTION, OFFICERS p. 11 (PPG, Owens-Corning Fiberqlass! (No officers were listed for the Industrial Safety Section! INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE-INDUSTRIAL DUSTS-WHAT EVERY KNOW p. 55--37 How long does it take for occupational disease lungs from exposure to dust'? p. 55 asbestos disease and silicosis p. 56 fibrosis p. 37 SUPERVISOR to develop SHOULD in the MARINE SECTION, OFFICERS p. 25-27 THE USE (OF' * WETTING'.- AGENTS TO CONTROL DUST IN INDUSTRY (Metal Sec t i on ) 18-21...; sil icosis^p* 'IS' METALS SECTION, OFFICERS p. 37-39 MINING SECTION OFFICERS p. 82, 33 PETROLEUM SECTION OFFICERS p. 46, 47 PUBLIC UTILITIES OFFICERS p. IS, 19 RAILROAD SECTION OFFICERS p. 38, 33 TEXTILE INDUSTRY OFFICERS p. IS, 19' PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT CEL-1476 V* 72 L1IK freeTtitii cTlbriry.'Hewaft GENERAL SE 1951 National Safety (Index to Transaction* Officer*, Trustees, end Board of Di Annual Council Meeting Minutes ................................ ...... Sportsmanship in Safety .............. Address by Millard Caldwell.'.... Six Steps Ahead ................ Banquet Address by Robert young .......... Safety Exposition Exhibitors............ Index .v. i .!!/.............................. 1* Volume 1 Transactions 39th National Safety Cong NATIONAL SAFE] 425 No. Michigan Avc National Safety Council OFFICERS Chairman, Beard of Directors' CitAW.es Copper Corp., New York, N. Y. President: Ned H. Dearborn, Presidt Chicago, III. Pice-President for Farms: Guy L. N( tional Committee on Boys and Girls ( Vice-President for Finance, and Treas Vice-President, l'cabody Coal Cotnpai Vice-President for Homes: Tyler S. I? live Vice-President, Owens-Coming Vice-President for Industry: J. E. Tit/' duction Manager, The Firestone Tin Vice-President for Local Safety Ore crass, President, Allas Aulo Finance Vice-President for Membership: L. ' Employee & Plant Community R New York, N. Y. Vice-President for Pttblle Informal Editor, NEA-Acme, New York, N. ' Vice-President for Schools and Col General Superintendent of Schools, < Vice-President for Tn0<$ad Tran Donald, CommissimH'iot:Public F Department of Commerce, Wasliingl Vice-President for IVomen's Aclivil Safety Chairman, General Fedcra Chester, Itid. Secretary: R. L. Fokney, General Set Chicago, 111. Assistant Treasurers: B. B. McCullo Inc., Chicago, ill.: II. H. Greenw sion. National Safety Council, Chir. 5 National Safety Council TRUSTEES Chairman of the Trustees: Lee Warren James, Attorney, Old Brookville, Long Island, New York. (Note: Mr. James succeeded William A. Irvin as Chairman of the Trustees upon the latter's death Jan uary 2, I9S2.) Wee-Chairman of the Trustees: John Stilwell, Yonkers, New York. Secretary of the Trustees: Ned H. Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. Members Wihtiirop W. Aldrich, Chairman, Board of Directors, The Chase National Bank, New York, N. Y. Melvin H. Baker, President, National Gypsum Company, Uuffalo, N. Y. Lawrence D. Bell, President, Bell Aircraft Corporation, Buffalo, N. Y. James B. Black, President, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San Francisco, Calif. S. Bruce Black, President, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, Boston, Mass. Morgan B. Brainard, President, Aetna Life Insurance Company, Hartford, Conn, f Cason J. Callaway, Blue Spring Farms, Hamilton, Ga. John W, Carpenter, President, Texas Power and Light Company, Dallas, Texas. William G. Chandler, President, Scripps-IIowatd Supply Company, New York, N. Y. Kenneth B. Colman, Seattle, Wash. I Charles R. Cox, President, Kcnnecott Copper Corporation, New York, N. Y. (Ex-Officio.) Cleo F. Craig, President, American Telephone & Telegraph Company, New York,_N. Y. Frederick C Crawford, President, Thompson Products, Inc., Cleve land, Ohio. Walter J. Cummings, Chairman, Board of Directors, Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company, Chicago, III. Ned H. Dearborn, President, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. (Ex-Officio.) Richard R. Deupkee, Chairman, Board of Directors, Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. (, f National Safety Council Benjamin F. Fairless, President, Uni Pittsburgh, Pa. Francis J. Gavin, Chairman, Hoard o Railway Company, St, Paul, Minn. William Green, President, American ington, D. C. E. Roland Harriman, Brown Brolhc New York, N. Y. Lee Warren James, Old Brookville, Lon George E. Leighty, President, Railway tion, Washington, D. C. Horace P. LtVERStDCE, Chairman, Boar. Electric Company, Philadcl|iliia, Pa. Gustav Metzman, President, New York N. Y. Thomas A. Morgan, Chairman. |!i..n<l Cor|Kiralioii, New York, N. Y. Pltir.tr Murray, President, Congre*..; e Washington, D. C. Benjamin O'Shea, Mnnlicr. Board of f Carlxm Corp., New York, N. Y. Thomas 1. Parkinson, President, Eipiit of the United States, New York, N. V. W. S. S. Rodgers, Chairman, Board of pany, New York, N. Y. William A. Simpson, President, William pany, Los Angeles, Calif. Herbert F.. Smith, Memticr, Board o Ruhltcr Company, New York, N. Y. John Stilwf.li, Yonkers, N. Y, Arthur E. Stoddard, President, Union I Nclir. Dr. John F. Thompson, Chairman a Nickel Comiiany of Canada, Lid, New ` Juan T. Tripit, President, I'an-Amrri York, N. Y. Thomas J. Watson, Prcsidnii, lutrri Corp, New York, N. Y. C. K, Wilson, President, (icoeral M<inrs Chaki.es Dekke Wiman, I'resilient. Deer Robert W. Woonm m*'k. (.'Iiaii 111:111, Kxcoii Coin Company, Atlanta, G;t. National Safety Council BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman of the Board of Directors: Charles R. Cox, President, Kcrmccott Copper Corp., New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors: Franklin M. Kreml, Director, Traffic Division, International Association of Chiefs of Police, Evanston, III. Members A. F. Allen, President, Texas Employers* Insurance Association, Dallas, Tex. J. I. Banash, Consulting Engineer, West Los Angeles, Calif. William B. Barton, Manager, Labor Relations Department, Chamber of Commerce of the United States, Washington, D. C. Mrs. Olive Beech, President, Beech Aircraft Corp., Wichita, Kans. C. W. Bergquist, Indianapolis, Ind. R. A. L. Bogan, Executive Vice-President, Tlte Greyhound Corpora tion, Chicago, III. Norman E. Borcerson, Assistant Superintendent, State Department of Public Instruction, Lansing, Mich. L. R. Boulware, Vice-President, Employee fc Plant Community Relations, General Electric Company, New York, N. Y. Fred W. Braun, Vice-President and Chief Engineer, The Employers Mutual Liability Insurance Company of Wisconsin, Wausau, Wis. Theo Brown, Director, Deere and Company, Moline, III. E. J. Buhner, Chairman of the Board, Silver Fleet Motor Express, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Alfred W. Cantwell, Director, First Aid, Water Safety and Acci dent Prevention, American National Red Cross, Washington, D. C. Ray Carr, Advertising Counsel, Portland, Ore. E J. Condon, Assistant to the President, Scars Roebuck and Co., Chicago, HI. William L. Connolly, Director, Bureau of Lalmr Standards, U. S. Department of Laltor, Washington, D. C. Charles K. Cox, President, Kennccott Copper Corp., New York, N. Y. R. S. Damon, President, Trans World Airlines, Inc., Kansas City, Mo. Ned H. Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. George P. Delaney, International Representative, American Federa tion of Labor, Washington, D. C. Lawrence E. Dickson, President, Standard Safety Equipment Co., Chicago, III. J. Dewey Dorsett, General Manager, Association of Casually and Surety Companies, New York, N. Y. E. F. nu Pont, Director, Employee Relations Department, E I. du Pont dc Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. Wallace Fai.vey, President, Massachusetts Bonding ami Insurance Company, Boston, Mass. 8 f National Safety Council Carroll E. French, Director, Iudi tional Association of Manufacturer.1 0. Gressens, Financial Vicc-Presidci III. W. Earl Hall, Managing Editor, Mi City, la. Miss Eleanor Howe, Editor in Chit nornics," Chicago, III. D*. Herold C Hunt, General Stipe III. George A. Jacoby, Director of I'crsi Corporation, Detroit, Miclt. Mrs. George W. Jaqua, Safety Ch Women's Clubs, Winchester, Ind. E. W. Kempton, Assistant Vicc-I United States Steel Company, Piltsb Walter G. King, New York, N. Y. Harold K. Kramer, Assistant Vicc-I' New York, N. Y. Franklin M. Kreml, Director, Trail ciation of Ciiicfs of Police, Evanstor Walter D. Ladd, Manager, St, Jose Mo. Iver C. Larson, Executive Vicc-Prc National Safely Council, San F.-auci Walter G. Lecce, President, Walter N. Y. Boyd Lewis, Executive Editor, WEAThomas II. MacDonald, Conimissiot Public Roads, Department of Cornu Miss Marion E, Martin, Commis: Stnte'of Maine, Augusta, Me. 1. W. Millard, President, Industrial Harry M. Moses, President, Bitumim Washington, D. C. D. E. Mumford, Superintendent of S tern, New York, N. Y. IIali.ie L. Myers, Superintendent c Railways, Inc., Indianapolis, Ind. Harry E. Neal, Chief Engineer, Divi Department of Highways, Cohimluts Guv L. Noiilf, Managing Director, N Girls Club Work, Chicago, HI. Henry E. North, Vice-President, M< pany, San Francisco, Cal. Clifton W. Piiai.f.n, Vice-President, Telephone and Telegraph Company, Resigned, Octolicr 9, 1951. 9 I National Safety Council Annual Counci] Wallace B. Phillips, President, Pyrene Manufacturing Company, Newark, N. J. Hanky M. Pontious, Director of Safety, Farm Bureau Mutual Auto mobile Insurance Company, Columbus, Ohio. Gwii.ym A. Price, President, Westingliouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa. Harry Read, Executive Assistant to the Secretary-Treasurer, Con gress of Industrial Organizations, Washington, D. C. W. A. Roberts, President, Allis-Clialmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Tyler S. Rogers, Assistant to the Executive Vice-President, Owcns- Corning Fiberglas Corporation, Toledo, Ohio. A. V. Rohweder, Superintendent of Safety 5c Welfare, Duluth, Mis- sabe & Iron Range Railway Company, Duluth, Minn. RonERT T. Ross, Manager, Employee Services, Industrial Relations, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Mich. Dr. K. Frances Scott, Associate Professor of Hygiene, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Charles B. Shuman, President, Illinois Agricultural Association, Chicago, III. Honorable Lee E. Sheet, Chief Justice, Court of Appeals of Ohio, Eighth Appellate District, Cleveland, Oliio. Robert R. Snodgrass, President, Atlas Auto Finance Company, Atlanta, Ga. R. T. Soi.f.nsten, Vice-President, Elliott Service Company, Mount Vernon, N. Y. Lesue J. Sorenson, City Traflic Engineer, City of Chicago, Chicago, . III. Dr. H. j. Stack, Director, Center for Safety Education, New York, N. Y. W. A. Stewart, President, American Optical Company, Soulhbridgc, Mass. Paul F. Sirickf.h, Executive Vice-President, Greater New York Safely Council, New York, N. Y. Dr. John W. Stubebaker, Vice-President and Chairman of the Edi torial Board, Scholastic Magazines, New York, N. Y. J. E. Trainer, Vice-President anil Production,Manager, The Fire stone Tire 5c Rtiblicr Company, Akron, Ohio. Miss Judith Wai.i.er, Director of Public Affairs and Education, Na tional Broadcasting Company, Inc., Chicago, III, Dr. George M. Wheatley, Third Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance-Company, New York, N. Y. W. O. Wilson, Manager of Safety, Standard Oil Co. (Jnd.), Chi cago, III. Dwight W. Winkei.man, President, D. W. Wiukclmati Company, Inc., Syracuse, N. Y. Dr. William P. Yant, Director of Research 5c Development, Mine Safety Appliances Co., John T. Ryan Memorial Laboratory, Pitts burgh, Pa. Harold C. Zui.auf, Uastings-on-Hudson, N. Y. 10 Minutes The 1951 Annual Council Meeting of the for a tlirc National Safety Council was held in the Cason J. Ci Grand Ballroom of the Stevens Hotel, on C. Crawfoi October 8, with Mr, Ned H. Dearborn, Mclzmnn, President, presiding. Parkinson, Following tlie singing of the National Anihem, the invocation was offered hy the Reverend Kenneth N. Hildebrand, Minister >f the Central Church of Chicago. After appropriate opening remarks, Presi dent Dearborn turned over the chairmanihip of the meeting to Mr. Charles R. Cox, President of the Kcnnccott Copper Corpora tion, and Chairman of the Board of Di lectors of the National Safety Council. After a brief but sincere expression of his fundamental interest in the Council and fhe safety movement, Mr. Cox proceeded with the business of (lie meeting hy an nouncing a quorum present, in person or by proxy. It was voted to dispense with the calling of the role; also to dispense with the reading of the minutes of the previous Annual Meeting, the minutes having been printed and circulated to the membership. Mr. Cox called for the report of the Nominating Committee, which consisted of the following members: George A. Jacoby, Chairman; Lawrence E. Dickson; Waller G. Lcggc; Miss Marion E. Martin; Guy L. Noble; Robert T. Ross; anil W. A. Stewart. Mr. Jacoby rcjiortcd in behalf of the Wilson, air rctary's No tecs, includ at this mcc in office fre pages 6 am Mr. Jacol rectors, to 1. (Secretary1! of Director this meeting 10 of this v Mr. Jacoi ficcrs of t stressed the men who ar year, tunnel President f< Vice-Presidi tions; E. V Membership Vicc-Pr.esidi (Secretary's nominated a be found or Tlicre we presented h announced t Nominating Committee, pointing out that the bering 10,7f Constitution authorizes the committee to nominees pn same candidates for election to the Trustees, mittcc. The ||o the Board of Directors, and to all Offices voted willioi Ixcept (lie office of Executive Vicc-i?rcsicnt. The selections of the committee, Mr. acoby stated, were reported to the Sccrc- ry of the Council more than 75 days lic- oie this meeting, and were announced to II members of the Council on August 24, 951. nations prci Mr. Cox Fight for I. to those attc contained a during the also made I Congress \v- toiler 20-2-I. Mr. Jacoby then presented as nominees or Trustees of the Council, to lie elected f Officers of the national Harvester Company, Tractor Works, Chic ` PHREY, Safety Director, Cadillac Motor Car Divis Detroit, Mich. AUTOMOTIVE AND MACHINE SHOP SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52 General Chairman--1*. II. HUMPHREYS, Manager, Properly Depart incut, American Car & Foundry Company, New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman--E. CLARK WOODWARD, Director of Safely, A. O. Smith Corpora tion, Milwaukee, Wis. Secretary EDWARD G. HOLIZMAN, Manager Safety Sc Medical Service, Wagner Electric Corporation, St. Louis, Mo. Program Chairman--FRED G. YHLTON, Director of Safety, Delco Kctny Division, General Motors Corporation, Anderson, lml. Engineering Methods & Procedures Committer--Chairman: C. J. PETERSON, Safety Supervisor, Plymouth Motors Division, Chrysler Corp,, Detroit, Mich; W. J. WALLS Safely Director, Burroughs Adding Machine Compauy, Detroit, Mich.; M. F. 1HANCARDI, Manager, Health St Safety Department, Allis Chalmers Mfg. Compauy, Mil waukee, Wis.; WALTER HAAG, Safety Supervisor, Serve!, Inc., Evansville, Ind.; R. D. HARVEY, Safety Engineer, The Murray Corporation of America, Detroit, Mich.; DAVID T. MOULD, Safety Director, General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich.; B. J. PKOVOLNY, Personnel Suiicrvisor, Detroit Diesel Engiiic Division, General Motors .Corporation, Wayne, Mich.; EDGAR 0. PRANGE, Safety Director, Heudix Products Division, Bcudix Aviation Corporation, South Itcml, hid.; EDWARD D. RAJIDE, Supervisor of Safety, Wcstiughousc Air Brake Company, Air Brake Division, Wilmcrding, Pa,; WILLIAM S. SMITH, Dim-tor of Safety, Ford Motor Compauy, Dearborn, Mich.; GERALD C. SQUIKR, Assistant Safely Engineer, Chrysler Division, Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, Mich. Health Maintenance Committee--Chairman: FRANK Director, General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mic Health and Insurance Section, RCA Victor Division, j den, N. LESTER V. CKALLEY, Industrial I! j America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; W. G. HAZARD, lml< ti Glass Compauy, Toledo, Ohio.; N. V. HENDR1CT . Section, Medical Research Division, Standard Oil N. J.; E. A. IRVIN, M.D., Medical Director, Cadil J. Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich.; W. W. JOCZ, I C Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, Mich.; JOHN LISKO ,`j Division, American Air Filler Co., Inc., First Sc C '.f E. L, WALSH, M.D., Assistant Medical Director, I `j cago, III. ;'l Membership Committee--Chairman: G. A. SNYDER, Allis Chalmers Manufacturing Company, LaPortc, ii ,i Chief Safety Engineer, Standard Accident Insurance i' F. BUNGER, Safety Director, Frigidairc Division, Ohio; JAMES A. DOWNEY, Jr., Director, PcVsomi ; St Iron Company, Birmingham, Ala.; LEIGH Gl . Oliver Corporation, Charles City, la.; KENNETH S. tor, General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich.; ARK f lor, McCord Conmration. Detroit, Mich. y Staff Representative--ARTHUR S. KELLY, National J Education and Training Committee--Chairman; H. M. HUNTINGTON, Works Safety Supervisor, International Harvester Company, Tractor Works, Chicago, HI.; News Letter Editor: JOHN E. KANE, Suiicrvisor of Safety, Tcrnfctcdt Division, General Motors Corp., Trenton, N. J.; F. W. FISKE, Safety Director, The Brewcr-Titchcner Corporation, Cortland, N. Y.; C. C. DRAKE, Safety Director, The Oliver Corporation, South Bend, Ind.; S. B. HOPPING, Assistant Manager, Safety St Claims, American Car & Foundry Company, New York, N. Y.; A. N. CHAPMAN, Safety Suiicrvisor, Pratt-Whilney Aircraft Division, United Aircraft Corporation, East Hartford, Conn.; E. I. JACOBY, Works Safety Suiicrvisor, International Harvester Company, Refrig eration Division, Evansville, Ind.; WILLARD A. KERR, Assoc. Professor of Psy chology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, III.; PAUL KRAMOS, Chief Safety Engineer, Butler Manufacturing Company, Kansas City, Mo.; T. R. LEADBEATER, Safety Director, Ford Instrument Company, Division-Siicrry Corp., Long Island City, N. Y.; F. B. McNAMEE, Safety Director, Clayton St Lambert Manu facturing Company, Louisville, Ky.; WM. J. NEIDERAUER, Safety Director, Otis . Elevator Cf my, New York, N. Y,; W, F, SHERMAN, Tmiiiing Dirrrlnr, Inter- i IP t1* , 1C f r 22 Cement and Quarry Industries I f Officers of the aider the shade of a convenient elm tree, n any event, it sltould be appropriate, and Inc consideration should be given to the ypt of instruction which is to'be given md (he comfort of the employees. As I mentioned a few minutes ago, some bought should certainly lie given to the tuestion of who needs training. A certain lercentage of your employees can be dclended upon to show op for work day after lay and month after month. Perhaps this s SO per cent and perhaps it is 90 per cent. The remaining 10 per cent or SO per cent rre the drifters down to a warmer climate when the wind starts getting cold. Any raining program must be flexible enough to include both of these groups and to keep both of them interested. The job is nota simple one, but it is not impossible either. Very little (hat is new can be said on the subject of training programs. The basic. principles have existed for years, and the programs which have followed these prim ciplcs have been successful. The failures have resulted when these principles were ignored. The safety engineer or safely di rector has available all (he necessary tools and materials to solve this problem as well as nearly all (he others which lie may en counter. The wise safety man will avail himself of these toots which, if used prop-', crlv, will assure him of success in his work. CEMENT AND QUARR NATIONAL SAFETY COI titnera) Chairman-- LEA I'. WARNER, Jlf., Warner Co Vice-Chairman--M, C. M. POLLARD, National Gypsum G 'Secretary--KENT JANDEK, National Lime Association, Wa 'News Letter Erfi/or-SEYMOUR II. FLEMING, New Y " , Newburgh, N. Y. Engineering Committee Chairman--L. D. COWLING, Lo Speed, Ind. V ' ,* t v 'Iffmbership Committee Cluurntan--T. W. JONES, New I I < New Haven, Conn. [Program Committee Chairman--HARVEY F. YOTTER, 5) ; Company, Easton, Pa. .Statistics Committee Chairman--FORREST T. MOYER, U if.. ington, D. C. Visual Aid Committee Chairman--H. G. COLLINS, Lchigl Allentown, Pa. Mrmbers-at-Large--V. P. All EARN, National Sami St Gr: D. C.j E. W. ItAUMAN, National Slag Association, Wm National Crushed Slone Association, Washington, D. C; York Trap Rock Corporation, Newburgh, N. Y.; *P sal Atlas Cement Company, New York, ,N. Y,; R, K. < crcle Masonry Association, Chicago, HI.; A. J. R. CURT lion, Chicago, 111.; F. R. DITTQ15, The Kelley Istnml Cleveland, Ohio; *0. M. Graves, Tltc General Crushed I G A. GUSTAFSON, The Gillanan Road Improvement N. Y.; A. HERZOG, Keystone Sand and Gravel Com; LeGORE, Portland Cement Association, Chicago, III.'; J .sir Cement Corjwration, New York, N.vY-ij'i^JOHAN N ' Cement Corporation, Nazareth, Pa.; WALTER J. S< Cement Company, St. T.nuis, Mo.; LOYO YEAGER, ( III.; W. E. WING, Marblehead Lime Comimuy, Chicago, I Staff Representative--G. G. GRIEVE, National Safely Comic Past General Chairman. 23 e Officers of the CHEMICAL SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52' t Statistics and Contest Committee--M. A. SNELL (Chairman' ", Indemnity Co, Hartford, Conn.; G. C. IIENDKKSON, Ca Corp, Paducah, Ky. fertilizer Industry Committee--,1. S. FIELDS (Chairman), PI tlcsville, Okla.; .1. H. SMITH, Spencer Chemical Co, I'iltsh GORNTO. Smith-Dauglass Co, Inc, Norfolk, Va. nrrnl Chairman--J. R. BOLLMAN, The Procter ft Gamble Co., Ivorydale, Cincin nati, Ohio. ct-Chairman in Charge of Program--J. E. NICHOLS, Reynolds Metals Co., Rich-, mond, Va. cretary--E, J. MEYERS, Safety St Fire Protection Div, E, I. du Pont dc Nemours-' St Co, Inc, Wilmington, Del. Advisory Committee--R. II. ALBISSER, Merck S: Co, Rahv Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, N. Y.; It. O. KEEFER, / ' ,Pittsburgh, Pa.; S. M. MacCUTCHEON, The Dow Chen H. L.^MINER, Philadelphia, Pa.; COL. R. C. STRATTf ante Companies, Hartford, Conn. 'n Staff Repr'tsentati ic--FLOYD A. VAN ATTA, National Safe iU . Letter Committee--G. L. GORBELL (Chairman), Monsanto Oicmical Co, St. Louis, Mo.; V. R. CROSWELL, Hercules Powder Co, Inc, Wilmington, Del.; C. A.' f ' HEBERT, Ethyl Corp, Baton Rouge, La.; ANDREW RITTER, Hercules Experi- . t mental Station, Wilmington, Del.; S. F. SPENCE, American Cyanamid Co, New- !York, N. Y. igmering Committee--E. G. MEITER (Chairman), Employers Mutuals, Milwaukee,' Wis.; P. C. LAMB, Lever Brothers Co, New York, N. Y.; D. O. MASON. Gen eral Chemical Div, Allied Chemical & Dye Corp, New York, N. Y.; H. F. REIN- . HARD, Union Carbide & Carbon Corp, New York, N. Y.; J. J. WHALEN, Solvay Process Div, Allied Chemical St Dye Corp, Solvay, New York. Me Relations Committee--K. R. WALLACE (Chairman), Eastman Kodak Co, Roch ester, N. Y.; R. G. WHEELDON, The Drackctt Co, Cincinnati, Ohio. iht Sheet and Instruetion Card Committee--R. S. MACKIE (Chairman), General Electric Co, Nela Park, Cleveland, Ohio; G. R. CUMMINGS, Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, Ind.; FRANK GAUGUSIi, Sherwin-Williams Co, Chicago, III.; ROB*; P.RT L. IIOUTZ, Post Safety Ollircr, Army Chemical Center, Md.; .1. A. TARDIFF, j Hooker Electrochemical Co, Niagara Falls, N. Y. tullh Committee--S. W. GURNEY (Chairman), Liberty Mutual Insurance Co, Boston,Mass.; R. L. ALLINSON, Texas Div, The Dow Chemical Co, Freeport, Texas; MERKIL EISENBUD, Dir. of Health St Safely Div, Atomic Energy Commission, Ansonia Station, New York, N. Y.; DR. LEONARD GREENBURG, tyiv. of Industrial, Hygiene St Safety Standards, Stale of New York, Dept, of Lalror, New York, N. Y.; T. AV. NALE, M. D, Union Carbide St Carlton Corp, New York, N. Y.; II. H. SCHRENK, Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pa. rmhershif Committee--W. W. FLANAGAN (Chairman), Allas Powder Co, Wil mington, Del.; J. E. SMITH, Spencer Chemical Co, Pittsburg, Kas.; S. D. SALTON- STALL, Celanese Corp. of America, Bishop, Texas. tsltr and Visual Aids Committee--II. H. FAWCETT (Chairman), Research Laboratory, General Electric Co, Schenectady, N. Y.; D. W. GIBSON, Safety Supvr, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co, Columbia Chemical Div, Barberton, Ohio. .| I 44 Coal Mining Industry * post shout 25 feet from the face with the flattened discharge nozzle pointing toward the face. When, the shotfircr has connected llie wiring of his shots he turns the water and compressed air into the gun and regu lates each until the discharge is in the form of a mist, lie then goes to a safe place nnd fires the shots, and it has been found that he and the rest of the face crew can return to the face immediately, so that not more than five minutes arc lost by waiting for the place to dear of smoke and fumes. About 12 pounds of powder is used per round of 8 shots. The device uses surpris ingly little water. A test we made in the shops yesterday indicated only about 2 gal lons per minute. "The device used here seems to have lecn developed about 20 years ago by our present State Mine Inspector W. J. Evans at the Carbonado Mine of the Pacific Coast Coal Co., but was apparently not used ex tensively for a number of years. We have been using it about two years now, "There is a good description on page 114 of the August, 1948 issue of Coal Agt of an identical device used by the Hudson Coal Co. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. Also, of a much larger device used by the Walsh Con struction Company in extensive rock tunnel work on the Delaware Aiiucduct water sys tem for New York City, as described on page 6224 of the August, and page 6230 of the September, 1940, Issues of Compressed Air Magazine, from all of which it would seem that you should be able to effect im provements by the use of mist-sprays in the working faces of your Potash Mines." Roof Drilling with Dust-Control Equipment By JAMES WESTFIELD Chief, Accident Prevention and Health Division, Region VIII, Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Drillings for roof bolting have created a urw dust problem for the coal-mining in dustry. Drilling is inherently dusty, and control of the dust produced by .drilling vrrlirnl, or nearly vertical holes is much more difficult than control of that produced hy drilling flat or down holes. Moreover, the dust produced by roof drilling differs in composition from that produced by drill ing or cutting the coal face, in that it contains a significantly greater amount of free silica and therefore presents a greater potential hazard of causing the lung disease, silicosis. Roof bolting has been practiced success fully in the mines of the St. Joseph Lead Co. in southeastern Missouri for over 20 years, but it was not until 1947 and 1948 that large-scale roof-bolting experiments were first conducted in coal mines. Although the need for dust control in conjunction with roof drilling was recognized from the beginning, the development and acceptance of roof bolting progressed so rapidly during 1949 and 1950 t solution of the dust problem lagged behind other engineering phases of the technique. The roof generally is Imllcd where the immediate roof is soft and in many instances where the roof liolls can lie seemed fiuuty into a harder or more substantial formation above. The types of strata found in drilling a roof are coal, shale, sandstone, limestone, and all the impure and intermediate varia tions of these materials. A comprehensive study of the geologic sections of the immediate roof of mines in Region VIII of the Bureau of Mines, where roof-bolting studies are in progress, reveals that 67.7 per cent of the footage of all the holes drilled for roof bolts is in shale, 23.4 per cent is in sandstone and sandy shale, 7.1 per cent is in coal and coaly shale, and 1.8 per cent is in limestone. Shale consists chiefly of kaolin, musco vite, and quartz, with small amounts of many other minerals. Sandstone consists principally of quartz, with a cementing inntcrinl of iflicn, caicltc, or limonltc. A Roof Drilling with Dust' limestone consists chicfiy of ralcitc, with drij varying amounts of quartz. Even the coal IcsS may contain a small percentage of quartz. rial drilled. Thus, quartz is present in significant amounts in about 91 per cent of all the rock drilling for roof bolting. These re: conclusive, I the. analysis The frcc-silica content of a mineral ma aling the dt terial (quartz is (he most abundant Turin error, if an of free silica) is determined most accurately may Ik; |Miin by the X-ray diffraction method, which is 33 of the ` based U|x>n the specific diffractive properties Silica Dust of crystalline substances. This method re nition of *' quires only a small sample, ami the small lion" iqxin size of industrial dusts docs not affect the drilled. results adversely. Determination of free silica bv Ibis method was developed in part in the Bureau of Mines, where it is now used for quantitative analysis of samples of rock, rock dust, drill cuttings, and air-borne dust. Any dust a long peri worker, and harmful \vh dust is less sidcred com The frcc-silica content of the roof strata of 51 coal mines lias been determined by X-ray di (Traction analysis from roof rock, drill cuttings, and midget-impinger samples of nir-liornc dust collected ill mines in nine Hasten! States. The average frcc-silica content of RO sanqilcs from these mines is 31 per cent, and it ranges from seven to 88 per cent. The frcc-silira content of the roof strata of 43 of the mines classified as having shale roof averages 26.5 |>cr cent and ranges from The `baza dust is com dust particl nir and the Limits for in such (cm ation of th ami cngiucc The Rare lowing lent: able l.mils < seven to 62 per cent. The frcc-silica content "In liittn of the roof strata of eight of the mines rlassified as having sandstone roof averages 55 per cent and ranges from 31 to RH |ier average, fill pherie dust exposed slit rent. tides |kt n These results show that wide variation ennerutratir may exist in the composition of various should not ( roof strata and that the content of free tier cubic f silica encountered in drilling a shale roof tains silica, may equal or exceed that found in drilling tides of si a' so-called sandstone roof. ' sltould lie conccntratic Although the composition of a mineral source material may not lie considered an 'The du; exact index of the composition of air-borne the percent dust produced hy mechanical disintegration if the resi of the material, some evidence on this sub dust enure t ject is available. Unpublished data de The aliovc veloped by tiic Bureau of Minrs indicate on impingi that the quartz content of nir-Immc dust counts arc decreases as the time of settling increases, To main and direct comparison oT analyses available ccntrafion I in the Health Branch of the Bureau of tier cubic f- bjiucs also indicates that (lies frcc-silica when tiic a intent of the air-borne dust produced hy n dust com i (6 Coal Mining Industry vould not be allowable when the average andstofie roof is drilled. A dust concenration no higher than 5.7 million would be tqulred in some instances. Table I lists the types of drilling equipneiii used for roof drilling, the numlier of nines using each type, and the number of nines using or not using a dust-control netliod with each type. It can be seen that it 71.1 per cent of the mines roof is drilled villi no dust-control equipment; contrary o the Uurcau of Mines recommendation hat "a dust respirator is not to be used as t permanent substitute for dust-control iieisures," reliance is placed upon the procclion offered by respirators. Tible I.--Koof'Drillln* Dwt-Controt Puctke, All Coil Miner, Region VHt , Tout Some No Hulling EquipmentNumber Method Method Pneumalic pcfcusiion.............. 27i Electric rotiry ......................... )7 Hyiiriuhc rotary ................... a 91 117 J 77 }J Pneumalic percurrion and electric rotary .................. Pneumalic percunlon and __hydraulic tolaty ............... 67 4J___________ I J Total, all lapel.................. 57} t02 2>l Per cent, all type)..............tOO.O 28.9 71,1 Table 2 shows what ilttsl-cuulro! mclirotls arc used in conjunction with tmctunnlic per cussion, electric rotary, and hydraulic rotary drills. Note that the applications of dust collectors ouluumltcr the applications of water. Table 2.--Duit-Control Method and Application to Drilling Equipment, All Coat Mines, Region Vllt Drilling Equipment Tot-control method Application of weter.......................... Tint collector ................................... 4oe............................ ...................... Pneumatic percussion Electric rotary __ 7 36 Hydraulic rotary J t 8 Totals Number Per cent 49 15.3 39 16.3 277 70.2 Tout rpolicrtbm ............................................................. Includes to mines using 2 types of drilling equipment. M65 100.0 Dust concentrations recently observed in ivc mines where stopper-ty|ie pneumatic trills are used without dust-control equipneut averaged 007 million particles per cubic 'trot of air and ranged from 51 to 1,194 uillion particles per cubic foot. In six nines where electric rotary drills were used vilhout dust-control cqui|imciit, the dust 'titircnlraliou averaged 313 million particles icr cubic Toot and ranged front IU to 1,185 uilliott particles per cubic foot. The dust concentrations cited arc indicaive of the dust exposure of the driller but vcrc obtained under such variable condiinas that they should not lie used for direct tmiparison. For instance, the averages inlicatc that pneumatic drilling produces twice is much dust as electric rotary drilling; dually the ratio may be higher. The ranges indicate that cither type of Iriil may produce dust concentrations higher ban one billion particles per cubic foot of dr. This amount of dust can pollute the dr to such an extent as to constitute a irrious menace to the health, not only of the (riders, but of any persons working in the eturu air from the place where drilling is 'icing done. Dust produced y roof drilling must be arrested or collected at its source if it is to he controlled adequately. This can tie done hy water or a dust collector. Water can lie used effectively with pneumatic per cussion or hydraulic rotary drills. Dust collectors can Ik: adapted to any type of drilling equipment. Introduction of water to the iKittom of (he hole through the drill steel when drilling is done with pneumalic percussion drills has liccn accepted as standard practice in metal mines. This practice is applicable to roof drilling and complies with the Federal Mine Safety Code requirements. Success ful control hy this method depends mainly ti|Miu maintaining the llow of enough water through the drill, using water continuously during the drilling period, 'and providing l>ositivc ventilation as needed. High dust concentrations can result if too little water is used, especially when vertical holes arc drilled with a stopcr-ty|ic drill. It is advisable to maintain adequate water pressure so that a full (low of water can la: realized. Collaring dry--that is, drilling the first few inches of bole before opening water valve--can also cause high dust con centration.^ and should not be allowed. During recently observed roof drilling Roof Drilling with Dust-Conh with a wet stojicr drill, dost concentrations averaged 13.3 million particles per cubic foot of air and doubtless would have liccn lower had not all the boles been collared dry, as conditions for maintaining low dust concentrations otherwise were excellent. Wet drilling must lie supplemented by ventila tion to obtain the desired control, as the water docs not arrest the dust completely. Other conditions Itcing favorable, normal ventilating currents should prove adequate lait will hare In tic directed to the drilling operation. Tlie most frequent objection to wet, pneu matic percussion drilling is that it is a dis agreeable task. The splashing of the water ami drill cuttings and the wetness underfoot are particularly objectionable to the driller when the headroom is limited, as in many coal mines. Various hydraulic rotary drills have been <levelo|tcd, and the use of water to control the dust reportedly has been successfully applied to them. The Unreal) of Mines lias not ns yet bad op|iorUmily to observe the results obtained. The need for a water-distribution system or the use of inconvenient pressure tanks, (be adverse effect iqioit some mine roof and floor, and the difficulty of using water with electric drills are other factors that limit tlie use of water to allay drilling dusts. Results of tests conducted with wetting agents, foam, and various types of water sprays, all with the ho|ic of minimizing these factors, have been unfavorable. Satis factory equipment for producing and apply ing foam has not been developed; water sprays have proved inefficient, and tints far tlie performance of wetting agents has not justified their use. The operating piinciplc of most dust colIcetors is application of exhaust ventilation near the source of the dust. Numerous dustcotitroi systems based upon this principle Itave been devised for controlling dust pro duced by all types of pneumatic rock drills. Some of these Itave demonstrated that, by proper application of this principle, suc cessful results could lie obtained, even under tlie most difficult conditions. Regardless of results, unfavorable operating features re stricted their complete development. .Willi the advent of roof drilling, the |k>ssibilily flint (heir use here might overcome ' serious objections to wet drilling ami the fa rotary dcvclcqnwt.n, ly|>cs of dust available com dcvc!o|>cd nil in 1950, (It a program at Ion, Fa., for iluvuio|H'd co r<Kif drilling conducting (I designers of tlie cffcclivct trolled test I'mrcan of I, dissemination ami on meth lie licncfir.ial Under tbit were comlttcl dnst-collcctini eluded a colic mg system, entrained du through the the mine atm The design iK'.eause it a ricitvy direetl required of l Drilling in It transported soft roof, sti Imrgh seam, tides (hat tel less it is if transport. T successful ha avoiding res of gravity h drill cuttings The provi: the drill stec more critical where the b vorahlc rcsti drill-rod sea'1 reasonable a Kitlier positi injectors call exhaust vent tioiicd diflicu Removal o mg through lem, being a ( Coal Mining Industry "lion of (lie large particles and nic- Mines recognizes the situation of an oper lical filtration of tlie fine particles or, ator thus cited and suggests that he app^li e simply, by mechanical filtration alone. from the citation to the Joint Industry 5 collectors have been designed for rc- Safety Committee. iitg the dust load by a washing action. Acceptable dry-dust collectors have been 'o attempt has been made to evaluate the developed, and the Bureau of Mines has ures of (lie various collectors other than proposed to lire Joint Industry Safety Com r collecting efficiencies. It is obvious mittee a revision of Article IX, Section lb, size, weight, and portability should lie to permit the tise of dry-dust collectors :n more consideration. It is noteworthy with pneumatic drills. one of the most successful dust col on is so compact that one man alone move it about and set it up with case, Article XI, Section 7g, of the code states that men cx|K>scd to gas, dust, fume, and mist inhalation for short periods shall wear 'lie results of some performance tests permissible respiratory equipment. Rock t shown that it is- possible to reduce drilling, other than roof drilling, has been (drilling dust concentrations to five excepted from dust-control provisions, in ioa particles per cubic foot of air with many instances, under this section. -dust collectors and that a dust collector perform satisfactorily with either pneuic percussion or electric rotary drills, A comprehensive study of the airborne dust resulting from rock drilling in coal mines has been undertaken by the Bureau lie favorable results obtained under se- of Mines; and data obtained from Ibis e test conditions indicate that dust pro- survey indicate that, iu some instances, rock ed by pneumatic roof drilling can be drillers and other workmen are being ex- trolled more effectively by the use of an I>oscd to injurious concentrations of dust. dent dry dust collector than by the ap- The application of dust control to roof drill alion of water. ing will stimulate the application of dust 'lie performance tests are not to be con- control to other rock-drilling tasks. Rock icd as approval tests, such as are con- drilling without dust control cannot he jus ted by the Bureau of Mines on other tified if and when suitable control methods es of equipment under provisions of ap- can he applied. priate published schedules. Such a schcdcitablishing permissibility tests, is being Summary pared and upon completion will allow 1. lii Region VIII, 3S3 coal mines are Bureau of Mines to grant formal ap- using roof bolting, and 03 million square val to equipment passing the prescribed feet of roof area arc being supported by s. Approval-schedule procedure tests roof bolts. e demonstrated the ability of dry-dustecling equipment to control dust in acdance with the tentative Bureau of Miuey ommendations previously discussed. 2. The roof strata drilled for roof liolling contain significant amounts of free silica. The samples taken from SI mines iu Region VIII show that the frce-silica content av Vrlicle IX, Section lb, of the Federal erages 31 per cent. re Safety Code is specific in requiring use of water for controlling dust where f or other rock is being drilled with cussion drills. This precludes the use of -dust collectors, successfully or. other* and the federal coal-mine inspector no alternative but to cite a violation the code where this practice is observed, 'he citation is not capitalized, as norlly would be done when a serious haz- to health exists, if, in the inspector's 3. Roof drilling without provisions for dust control results iu a serious health haz ard, as drillers and other workmen in the return air from the place where drilling is being done are exposed to dangerously high concentrations of silica-hearing dusts. 4. Dust-control methods arc not used in conjunction with roof drilling at 71 tier cent of all the mines in Region VIII where roof bolting is being practiced. nion, the dust collector is doing a good ~ 5. Wet pneumatic roof drilling, if prop . Statements of the facts of the case are erly conducted, results ill favorable dust ludcd in the report under tlte heading concentrations, but it can affect the mine encral Infonrmti' " The Bureau of roof and floor adversely, is n disagreeable Roof Drilling with Dust-Control Equips task (particularly in low coal), and re quires a water-distribution system or use of pressure tanks. 6. The development of dust collectors lias been stimulated by the need dor over coming the objectionable features that ac company wet pneumatic roof drilling and by the fact that they can be adapted to electric rotary drills. 7. The Bureau of Mines inaugurated a program for testing the efficiency of dustcollecting devices developed commercially for application to roof drilling in coal mines, and the test work proved that the principles applied in these dust collectors are adequate. 8. In inspecting mines the federal in spector is forced to cite a violation of the Federal Mine Safely Code when roof drill ing is done with a pneumatic drill., even if a dry-dust collector is used successfully; as a result, the Bureau of Mines has asked the Joint llidusl vise the code to lectors in comic 9. Control of drilling is difficti The effort belli application of v vcioiicd stipplcn suit in a high < 10. Ruck dril iug has ken i provisions iu nw Mine Safely Cc suited in ruck < being exposed It dust. Developin' control to roof cation of dust o tasks. Rock dr raiiuul lie justi control methods ( Officers of the COAL MINING SECTIQI NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL I95US1 Visual Aids Committee--F. J. FORESMAN (Chairman), Tl iMinitig Company, Pittsburg, Kans.; R. M. MONTEIT. Jiabetla, Pa.; F. J. PETERNELL, Union Pacific Coal Cc jram Committee--J. J. FORBES, (Chairman), U. S. Be D.' G; W. D. NORTHOVER, Rochester & Pittsburgh ( t, J. ANKENNY, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington. D General Chairman Emeritus--ARTHUR BRADBURY, Inland Steel Company, wriglil, Ky. t . Wt Gtntral Chairman--STANLEY H. MOONEY, Woodward Iron Company, Woodward, i . Secretary--H. F, WEAVER, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. Pint Vice-Chairman--J. V, BERRY, Bethlehem Collieries Corporation, Johnstown, il Second Vice-Chairman--JOHN M. REID, Hudson Coal Co., Scranton, Pa. Labor Representatives--C. F. DAVIS, United Mine Workers of America, Washing D. C.j AUGUST J. LIPPI, United Mine Workers of America, District No. I, Mill Building, Scranton, Pa.; C. E. JONES, United Mine Workers of America, Di$trict,<2| Beckley, W. Va. ^ -...bership Committee--1GEORGE H. DEIKE (Chairman a.Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. H. REITZ, Republic Steel ( KFRED W. WISE, North Western Mining ami Excham bG F. HERBERT, Bituminous Casualty Corporation, Rock 'Jicity Committee--IVAN A. GIVEN (Chairman), Coa gG: O. ARNOLD, Phelps Dodge Corporation, Slag Cane SEORGE C. LINDSAY, Mechanization, Washington, erican Mining Congress, Washington, D. C. /r [.Represenlalive--G. G. GRIEVE, National Safety Counc Mine Operators' Representatives--E. F. LIMERICK, Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal 1 pany, Faimiont, W. Va.; G. H. SAMBROOK, H. C. Frick Coke Company, Fri Building, Pittsburgh, Pa.; JOHN M. REID, 'file Hudson Coal Company, Scranton, ]1 .iiM* Coal Associations--EARL R. MAIZE, National Coal Association, Washington, D.Cy (J. S. Bureau of Mines Representatives--J. J. FORBES, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washing? ton, D. C.; JAMES WESTFIELD, District A. U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pi|j Mine Inspectors' Institute of America Representatives--A. FINLEY HARPER, Safety and Health Division, Department of Industrial Relations of Alabama, Binning}! ham, Ala.; A. D. SISK, Department of Mines & Minerals, State of Kentucky, Lei$l iuglou, Ky.; STEPHEN WILLIAMS, Division of Mines, State of Ohio, Columbus,I Ohio. Stale Mine Inspectors' Representatives--THOMAS ALLEN, State Inspector of Minc^] State House, Denver, Colo.; RICHARD MAIZE, State Secretary of Mines, Comn wealth of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, Pa.; WALTER EAD1E, Bureau of Mines, Sprin field, III. . I Engineering Committee--R. D. CURRIE (Chairman), General Reinsurance Corporations Trucksville, Pa.; J. H. FORG1E. Armco Steel Corporation, Montcoal, W. Va.; M. H.J FORESTER, Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company, Koppers Building, Pittsburi Pa.; L. H. JOHNSON, Peabody Coal Company, Taylorville, 111.; H. A. QUENON Eastern Gas & Fuel Associates, Grant Town, W. Va. "if Entertainment Committee--C. M. DONAHUE, Mine Safely Appliances Company, Pittj*| burgh, Pa. < Vaster Committee--W. J. SCHUSTER (Chairman), Hanna Coal Company, St. villc, Ohio; HARRY A. LE1D1C1I, Philadelphia and Reading Coal 5; Iron Com| Pottsville, Pa.; G. R. SPINDLliR, School of Mines, University of West Viri Morgantow- W. Va. til i Officers of the ylMembers-at-Large--LLOYD A. BLANCHARD, Jut Federal Civil Defense Administration, Washing Dravo Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa.; OTTO S. HOL CONSTRUCTION SECTION! Insurance Co., Wausau, Wis.; HARRY J. K ^ of America, Washington, D. C.) RAY J. REIG NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52] New Haven, Conn.; 11. S. BENTON, Warren l Jjjti; Texas; C. H. BLACK, Stone and Webster Et , DEARDORF, W. L. Johnson Construction Co BERT, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Chicago, Honorary Life Member--SAMUEL R. BISHOP, New York, N. Y. of the Chief of Engineers, Department of ll O'CONNELL, Turner Construction Company, General Chairman--U. W. RICHARDSON, Construction Methods and lqiptnent, Net SKI, Department of Commerce, Bureau of I'tth York, N. Y. Pice Cluiirimm--GEORGE A. BKNISH, Associated General Contractors of America Milwaukee, Wis. Hecrelary--MISS OLIVE E. POTTER, Contractors and Engineers Monthly, Nt| York, N. Y. Jp/ A. VOLPE, Volpc Construction Co,, Malden, Pittsburgh, Pa.; DWIGHT WINKELMAN, I N. Y. ^Engineering Societies and National Association li j.'; of Stale Highway Ollkials) W. G. PRUET Department, Montgomery, Ala.; (American In Engineering Committee--V. H. MACKIE (Chairman), Manager, Construction Divisk-,1 Engineering Department, E. I. chi Pont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, Dd-JJ JOSEPH A. UcLUCA. K. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Ddjjl JOHN DIGGh'.S, Safety Director, Department of Subways nnd Superhighways, Citjjj of Chicago, Chicago, III.; VIRGIL E. GUNLOC.K, Commission of Subways mil HAINES, Tarrytowu, N. Y.; (American SociGLASSETT, W. J. Burney Corp., New Y jft. Mechanical Engineers) J. 1. BANAS1I, West and Sltovei Association and Mixer MamifncturKoehring Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Siqicrbiglnvays, City of Chicago, Chicago, III.; RAY 11. HAHN, Allegheny AsphAJ U-Staff Representative--HOWARD II. WAR/.YN, and Paving Company, Inc., Pillslmrgh, Pa.; DANIEL HAYES, Atomic Energy Com-T mission, Washington, D. C.; O. LUPINSKT, Lupiuski, Inc., Milwaukee, Wit;j HAROLD E. SNEED; DcWalt, Inc., Lancaster, Pa. Meuibvrshit> Committee--ROBERT L. MOORE (Chairman). Lumbermen's Mutual ually Company, Chicago, HI.; II. 15. ALEXANDER, II. B. Alexander nnd Son, IneJJ Harrisburg, Pa.; C. II. BRONSON, National Constructors Association, New Y\ N. Y.; GEORGE COMBS, Michigan Chapter, Associated General Contractors..*!; America, Lansing. Mich.; ROBERT M. EVENDEN, Safety Director, Guy F. Atkisj, son Company, South San Francisco, Calif.; FRED A. HORNSBY, Mine Safely A|j| ptiances Conqiany, Pittsburgh, Pa.; CLEMENT J. LUEPKE, T. II. Mastin Company, St. Louis, Mo.; JAMES M. SPROUSE, Associated Genera! Contract of America, Washington, 1). C. Program Committee--JEROME J. WILLIAMS (Chairman), Director of Safety, Mtpf . rison-Knudseu Co., Boise, Ida.; R. J. HENDI'.RSIIO l I' (Assistant Chamaat] Associated General Contractors of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.; C, M. CAHII Massman Construction Co., Kansas City, Mo.; KENNETH 1`. COUGHLIN, Kai City Bridge Co., Kansas City. Mo.; DALE MKOSHER, Area Supt., National Sun Corp., Atlanta, (ia.; W. T. ROGERS, Kbasco Services Inc., New York, N. Y. Publicity Committee--FREl) A. HORNSBY (Chairman), Mine Safety Appliances Oi, Pittsburgh, Pa.; HAROLD J. McKEEVER, Roads and Streets Chicago, IlLpj- GEORGE ROBINSON, Associated General Contractors of Missouri, Jefferson ** Mo.; VINCENT B. SMITH, Engineering News-Record, McGraw-Hill Publis Co., Washington, D. C.; WILLIAM E. WOODRUFF, The Constructor, A& General Contractors of America, Washington, D. C. Neu iter Editor--JAMES A. SHAW, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Chicag f ||. Warner Corporation, Chicago, III.; EARL E. GEBHAR1, Officers of the Frigidnirc Div.; General Motors Corp., Dayton, Ohio; MYHRK It/j. Engineer, Thomas A. Edison, Inc., West Orange, N. J.; KUf Div. Safety Engineer, Sylvania Electric Products, Inc., Salem, ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT! framing C-t Publications Committee--HAROLD C. STANZl.ER SECTION Sr & Safely Director, Collyer Insulated Wire Company, I'awtml H; .GRAHAM, Lt. Col., USAF, llt|, Airways ami Air Cmmminic; /Andrews AF Base, Washington, D. C.; OLIVER C. BOLIEAl NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52 Rr: It Insurance Section, Radio Corp. of America, RCA Victor g;' J. MILLER, Safety Stipvr., Aliis-Chalmcrs Company, Norwoo (Trade Associations Committee--JAMES A. EDMONDS (Chairnu airman--CLIFTON N. FOGG, Safely Engineer, Simplex Wire jk Cable Compaq] jfi'.WoodhctuI Company, Chicago, III.; ALBERT A. RAPP, Snpv Cambridge, Mass. I& house Klerlric Corp., Lamp Div., Bloomfield, N. J.; 1C R. CO fei,search A- Education, National Electrical Contractors Associalio ee-Chairman of Radio, Electronics <.9 Lamps Division--]. J. LAWLER, Div. SafetjJ j/CHARLF.S MacDONALD, Employers Reinsurance Corporatioi Engineer, Sylvania Eleclric Products Inc., Ein|K>rium, I'a. ^Sptciat Representative--G. W. GREENWOOD, Chief of Defense re-Chairman of Heavy /Ipparalus Division--E. CLARK WOODWARD, Director d] Eleclric Company, Inc., Chicago, III. Safety, A. O. Smith Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis. ^Councilors (Past Chairmen)-- E. K. TAYLOR, Safely Dir., Zen f-Chainnan of Appliance and Light Apparatus Division--FREDERIC T. CLARK&l Tj Chicago, III.; H. B. DUFFUS, Mgr., Ace. Prc. Service, Westin Stipvr. of Employee Relations, Alkyd Resin Plant, Chemical Mat.' Dept., Ge Electric Company, Schenectady, N. Y. Ft* ration, Pittsburgh, Pa.; MICHAEL F. BIANCARDI, Mgr. I K^Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Company, Milwaukee, Wis. e-Chaiman of Electrical Wire and Cable Division--PETER CONTARDO, Safe);'] ffclaff Representative--GEORGE MacDONALD, National Safety Director, John A. Rocbling's Sons Company, Trenton, N. J. rilary--]. M. TRANSUE, Security Director, Philco Corporation, Philadelphia, Pil im Letter Committee--R. V. MILLIGAN (Chairman), Safety Engineer, Westiughou*I Electric Corporation, Buffalo, N. Y.; EDWARD G. HOLTZMAN, Manager, Safety] & Medical Service, Wagner Electric Corporation, St. Louis, Mo.; STUART K.J BEECHER, Ind. Relations Staff, Stromberg-Carlson Company, Rochester, N. Y.j HAL] SHANAFIELD, Managing Editor, Electrical Dealer Magazine, Chicago, III. earch & Engineering Committee -- MYRON L. MILLER (Chairman), Sunvr. of I Safety, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, East Pittsburgh, Pa.; HAROLD D.1 LONG, Sales Engineer, Harvey Huhbefl, Inc., Bridgeport, Conn.; E B, CURDTSjl Asst. Dir. of Engineering, James G. Biddle Company, Philadelphia, Pa.; II. B. WHIT-i AKER, Sr. Asst. Elec. Eng., Underwriters Laboratories, Chicago, III. nhership Committee--JAMES A. WALDRON (Chairman), Safety Engineer, Packard! Electric Div., General Motors Corporation, Warren, Ohio; JAMES tM, McGOUGH,! Stipvr, of Safety, Union Switch & Signal Div., of Westinghouse Air Brake Company,! Pittsburgh, Pa.; CLIFFORD E. RAUSCH, Master Mechanic-Safety Director, Ohio| Lamp Works of General Electric Company, Warren, Ohio; E. I. BOIS, Safety Direcor, Anaconda Wire & Cable Company, Sycamore, III. gram Committee--F. A. GASS (Chairman), Supvr. of Safety, General Electric Com-} tany, Lynn. Mass.; ARTHUR J. MATHEWS, Safely Director, Sprague Electric j Company, North Adams, Mass.; GEORGE KOCH, Safety Director, Western Electric Tompany, Kearny, N. J.; H. YOUNG, Safety Dir,, Rome Cable Corporation, Rome, [ L Y. ideal Analysis Committee--C. F. SCHLUETER (Chairman), Asst. Chief Engineer,'j imployers Mutuals, Wausau, Wis.; MACK R. KRANTZ, Safety Director, Stewart;.J 18 19 fi 10 Glass and Ceramics Industry [Officers of the Tli furnace continued to radiate to the iteel itructural and building walls. No pro vision was made for air supply from the basement or within the work space. The monitor remained in its conventional form iependent entirely upon gravity for removal }f heat and gases from the furnace itself. This represents the condition that existed unlit a few short years ago in most of our plants. With the application of the present knowl edge of radiant heat, we continued to use the circulating fans in the space surround ing the furnace. Added to that were several sources of forced air supply through the Door in the workspace. In addition fans were placed in the walls of the buitding to produce a positive pressure within the build ing walls. Radiant shielding was installed oy dropping corrugated aluminum sheeting from the roof level to within three feet of (he floor and an extended hood type struc ture completely surrounding the furnace or hot object To assure ourselves that posi tive Row would take place behind this ihield, in some cases we have installed power type roof ventilators commonly used in the foundry trade. The curtain or shield surrounding the fur nace served two distinct purposes. They keep the radiant energy entirely confined to i central area. The infra-red cannot escape to be absorbed by the steel of the structural parts of the building which in turn mig become a secondary radiant. Generated gases stay, within the structure and do not !?.J [glass and ceramicsescape into the work space. We are surej that tire temperature on the outside of these| shields will remain within a few degrees cf{| that of the outdoor temperature. Circulating; NATIONAL SAFETY COU fans remain to assure ourselves that lhe>i air will remain uniform in temperature} throughout the work areas. ' ECowraf Chairman--J, C. DITTMER, National Lead Company While this installation may not be a pro found one enginecringwise, the following- iFice-CTiaiVnum--THOMAS R. DONOGHUE, Pittsburgh IM will illustrate an actual installation using" this principle in which very effective results] 5,\ burgh. Pa. were obtained over one very hot summer,;' Secretary--HARRY A. JACKSON, Frigidairc Division, Gem A light steel framework was erected entirely; around the hot furnace. Corrugated alutni-bj Ohio. ntim was attached directly to this iighf-1 ^Program Committee--*11. V. GARDNER (Chairman), Owe structure by means of a blank cartridge| IS-Toledo, Ohio; *JOHN P. STEPHENSON, Mall Ilrolher actuated nailing device. In this way we werejjl able to erect the entire shield in a company' *JAMES L. MORRIS, The Federal Glass Company, h\ ANDERSON, Corning Glass Works, Corning, N. Y. Co lively short time. ,)} We erected the shields to the roof levi Membership Committee--THOMAS R. DONOGHUE (Ch; allowing only very small openings for piping,)} Glass Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.; RUSSELL W. FRAF electrical services and the necessary sfrac-,; fe. Cleveland, Ohio.; BERNARD P. CAMPI1ELL, Owens tnral steel work. For an idea of the entire: structure surrounding one large heated area;} within tile enctosure is a continuous type' lehr or annealing oven. Openings at both Newark, Ohio; LEE B. HAWTHORNE, JR., A. 1>. Grc< f;. Mo.; E. C. HARTUNG, Weslinghousc Electric Corp., Ut jjNew Letter Committee--*JAMES L. MORRIS (Chairman) ends were necessary to allow the continuous. Row of materials. These openings were] covered by a tilted hood type structure. Ac- cess openings along the sides of this an-, pany, Columbus, Ohio; JOHN U. FULLEN, Kopp Glass lr CLINTON BALLENGER, Owens-Illinois Glass Compnti HORMBERG, The Cambridge Tile Mfg. Co., Cincinnati, neafing iehr were provided with overhead garage doors constructed or corrugated aluminum. Every other bay in the roof of (he building was open to the sky eitlttr through gravity type ventilators or the ^Engineering and Health Committee--NELSON II. INGALLS `.. Company, Worcester, Mass.; FREU1CK1CK S. KRIC.EI Corning, N. Y.; W. G. HAZARD, Owens-Illinois Glass H. WAUGH, Anchor Hocking Glass Corp., Lancaster, Oh Slower type. iefely Promotion Committee--WALTER W. WOOD (Chair J.1 pany, Vineland, N. J.; A. L. THOMAS, Lihliey, Own (.'PAUL E. GARRETT, Harding Glass Company, Ft. Smith, Blue Ridge Glass Corp., Kings|iort, Tcmi. {Safely Contest Committee--11ARRY A. JACKSON (Chair General Motors Corp., Dnylou, Ohio; KARL W. STE' Glass Company, Alton, HI.; R. II. LOWRY, Westinghousc J. R. HARSHMAN, Armstrong Cork Co., Dunkirk, Ind. '.fljl'Sto# Representative--} lAROl.U R. ALLEY, National Safe w*PJt General Chairman. {J .til 1.1 K-. Ah II Industrial H Industrial Dusts--W Supervisor Shoulc By L. E. HAMLIN, I Medical Dir., American Brake Shoe G / t , Most manufacturing procedures arc capa- dustrial TMe of generating varying amounts of dust earthy ' winch may be visible, invisible, dangerous or : inert It is therefore important that. these substances be properly classified in order .to protect the health of employees and pro'(Vide safe environments in which they may like grii produce microsc Fume Hmatioo K '3jarry on their daily occupations. burning .^."Obviously the supervisor should have examph 'tome knowledge of industrial dusts since erally /the responsibility for enforcing measures in- 1/25,001 Stituted for their control usually fails upon Smok his shoulders. Unless lie has a good idea such th of the actual risks confronting him, he will Cral. 1 be at a disadvantage in securing cooperation |,nj( mj i from those under ills direction. Ability to Mist: answer questions concerning plant hazards 0( in a convincing manor is a very important sjz(, y factor in any dust control program, and if ^.j)c .-the supervisor cannot explain the necessity y. .; of avoiding exposure to toxic materials the . ' .`j 'Worker under in's clinrge is very unlikely to |ia" pay attention to it. "How On the otiicr hand, a brief explanation dust pr that carries the ring of sincerity and truth to be * can frequently correct unnecessary misunderstanding. For example, a capable dusts? young employee was worried about con* pjr cu] trading silicosis because lie worked in a c{ jj,c plant where at times there appeared to be m;cron . considerable dust in the atmosphere. He did micron not know tiiat this dust was free from occupa \ silica or other harmful ingredient, but hit pojure foreman did. ^11 Knowledge of his own department enabled scope tile supervisor to convince the workman after s that not only was the dust inert but also produc plans were under way for the installation tlic re of new ventilating equipment which would measui remove the particles that were already pres- that h: ,ent. The man was satisfied and .the com- not pr pany was able to retain the services of a eludes good employee, case ai What then are some of the fundamental edge < ' things a supervisor should know about in- from ' 56 Industrial Safely harmful materials is a proper part of the lupervisor's armament It is not advocated that his duties be so expanded as to encroach upon the field of the industrial hygienist but it is reasonable M logical to suggest that he equip himself with the essential details concerning occuwtional risks in the department he manget. This information can be readily jblained from his company medical de partment or through other agencies such as the Division of Public Health of state and federal governments. These bureaus wettome Inquiry of this type and their services ire usually available without charge. Much confusion and misunderstanding txirts about the capacity of various dusts idling from occupational procedures to ause physical disability. Exaggerated re torts and misrepresentation by individuals in familiar with their specific properties iave incriminated certain materials known 0 be quite inactive and absolved others iroven to possess harmful qualities. Expe dience accumulated through years of intenlivn study and research indicates that the [rt majority of industrial dusts have iltle effect on health other than their tuisance value and contribution toward poor musekeeping. However, the fact that they are unlikely a cause occupational descase should not >e used as an excuse to do nothing about hem. A good working environment demands Hat they be removed in spite of their iniocuous characteristics and the smart superisor will do alt he can to accomplish their limination. The wide assortment of dusts met with ; a industry makes their classification into ! harmful" and "inert" categories diffici/lt. Those arising from organic sources such s animal and vegetable products as a rule lo not cause serious harm but are capable f producing local irritation tike dermatitis r skin rashes, dental conditions, and inlammation of the eyes and the mucous mem brane lining of the upper air passages. The majority of harmful dusts encountered 1 manufacturing processes are inorganic in haracter. The specific effect on health aries. Chromium, cadmium, arsenic, and heir compounds produce local irritation as o (he organic dusts but they can also cause enerat intoxication if present in sufficient mounts. The dusts or fumes derived from the heavy metals like lead, mercury, and manganese can be highly toxic and poisoning from tiiese substances has been recognized for many years. Recently serious and even fatal illness has been found to occur from exposure to beryllium and some of its compounds while another occupational condition known as "Shaver's Disease" has produced severe dam age to the lungs of workers exposed to fumes arising from the fusing of bauxite, the chief ore of aluminum, in the manufac ture of artificial abrasives. Generally speaking, the particle size which is most dangerous is in the range of one-half to three microns in diameter. Particles larger than these seldom reach the alveoii or terminal air saces of the lungs since they are filtered out by the "cilia" or natural protective mechanism of the nose, throat, and large bronchi. There is also good evi dence that particles below one-half micron in size may be retained in the lungs in suffi cient quantities to result in disease. This means that the visible dust in a working place may not be as dangerous as the par ticles which are not seen by the naked eye. Industrial hygienists emphasize this and also point out tlut although the amount of visible dust in the atmosphere in the vicinity of a certain job appears great, it docs not necessarily mean that tfic workman is inhating significant quantities of harmful par ticles. The exposure may be intermittent and of brief duration, or the air at the breathing level of the employee may be sufficiently clear that no undue risk is in volved. With the exception of beryllium and bauxite few of the aforementioned dusts cause damage to lung tissue and, as ex plained previously, not every person so exposed docs develop dccupationnl disease. At the present time it is generally agreed that the most important sources of indus trial disease of tire lungs are free or uncombincd silica and asbestos. Silica or silicon dioxide whiclt makes up approxi mately 60 per cent of the rocks and minerals of the earth's crust, is the specific cause of the ailment affecting the lungs of workers in dusty trades, known as silicosis. It is very important lo recognize the fact that this widely known condition cannot be acquired from any material other than Industrial H; free silica and also that it happens only lujnft when particles smaller than ten microns in InStcm! i size of this mineral have been inhaled over suMfcer long periods of time, such as from two pmf# to 25 years with an average of ten years, condilf The term "free silica" usually means quartz To i of which there are many varieties. There should are also other forms of free silica. industr The scarring or fibrosis of the lungs Suffice which results from the action of imcombincd about silica casts characteristic nodular shadows better in the chest roentgenograms of those af- Throui fected. Frequently this is the only way (lie field o disease can be detected as it causes no experii symptoms in the early, uncomplicated stage, himscl Other dusts may produce x-ray patterns The which are difficult to differentiate from sili- front^ cosis and some unrelated illnesses may re- today's semblc it closely. The x-ray picture ob- formic served after the inhalation of iron oxide this, a particles among some welders and grinders able h straws densities which are all too often demon mistaken for those seen in silicosis; Since hygici this condition (siderosis) is harmless, the in the implications of such misdiagnosis are ob- The i vious. atcil ' Unfamiliarity with industrial diseases of the lungs by those charged with evaluating them properly has resulted in employees liecoming needlessly alarmed, forsaking their jobs and forfeiting seniority while industry lias lost good workmen ami production, it in the neers of tin final i clficic partni i r Occupational Dermatitis; Tear and Medical ( Hy WALTER F. SC Supvr., Industrial Hygiene, Allls-Chalmer Wc have accepted the challenge (hat occu- cogtii { pntional dermatitis presents to industrial mcas' medicine, and accordingly it can. be stated the v that with proper care and intensive cduca- work tional programs, occupational dermatitis can Sit be checked and great savings effected. calm Through the institution and maintenance done of control measures workmen can be pro- occtt) tcctcd against dermatitis producing oils, lion i . chemicals, etc. The ideal control measures work I will protect workmen all along ihc line-- prog 1 from the manufacturing of the basic mate- crca: I rials lo Ihc completed fabricated part. the ^ Modern industry today is becoming so of c ( ^ Maritime Industries Officers of the The Evolution of Safety. MA By CAPTAIN EDWARD C. HOLDEN, JR. Vke Pres, United Stte Protection ft Indemnity Agency, Inc., New York, N. Y. NATIONAL SAFETY There was a time when, in the minds of many, the science of safety was the sub ject of derision and mockery, a time when it stood as a sort of fringe of disconnected mysteries bordering upon the black arts, a dangerous sort of thing capable of looking with equanimity upon the evils which lay on one side of it and with a hopeful and benign expression upon the conventionali ties of life on the other. Accidents were often considered to lie acts of God and to take care was a violation pi within the cloister, but came out into the open and made the affairs of men its con '.General Chairman--FREDERICK R. PRATT, Gen. cern. Vacuum Oil Co., New York, N. Y. The Age of Utilitarianism in tire science of safety was upon us. More and mo Executive General Chairman--CAl'T. GEORGE \VA the conservation of men's lives was dot* Lines, New York, N. Y. by the product of man's intellect in the processes of management rather than kj Picf General Cltainnan (Shipbuilding and Ship Repc resorting to the caprice of superstition mi,,iff, Pres., Sun Shipbuilding ft Dry Dock Co., Chester, 1 the vagary of the mystic charm, "Ladj Jj'; I.tick." iVice General Chairmen (Atlantic Area)--WALTER 1 The science of safety now stands ready, pi'.New York, N. Y.; F. M. ROHRER, Vice-I'ri of one's trust in God. In any event, in many circles, it was not polite or politic to speak frankly about safely, of human slaughter or the barbarities of accidents resulting ill death or permanent disability, of human suffering and all the other attributes of such cases. The human tendency was to , "soft-pedal" talks about safety and the acci dent problem. So, the whole safety move ment was looked upon with a huge questionmark. A consistent "do-nothing" attitude . prevailed in so many instances that the fre quency and severity of accidents continued to increase at an alarming rate and Irccamc an economic burden. a willing servant, to reduce the uncertain- tics we, of life to the ultimate her masters, direct her mefifnoirmtsumandwuti lise .the skill which is within her. As I have sat from time to time gatherings of executives who arc interested in safety, such ns this meeting of the ma rine industries, I have lieen impressed will an ever growing feeling of cooperation atW mutual understanding looking toward tlx solution of accident problems. You demon strate that no human progress can be math unless we remain critical of defects, alert as to practical needs and fertile-in mini and thought for possible improvements. Tbt c<f1ero/ chairman (Gulf Area)-E. A. JIMISO Co.t jnc-i New Orleans, La. Viet General Chairmen (Pacific Area)--KANDOLl'l ||V'-Co., San Francisco, Calif.; A: E. K.1I1N, Mgr., M San Francisco, Cal. Fire General Chairmen (Great Lakes Area)--AVM. K son ft Co, Cleveland, Ohio; DAVID MUCH S.S. Co, Cleveland, Ohio. Vice General Chairmen (Passenger & Cargo Sen ' . Vice-Pres, Mississippi Shipping Co, New Orleans - JR, Gen. Mgr, United States Lines, New York, N. Undaunted, a pioneering spirit prevailed time worn doctrine of "laissez-faire" can m [Fire General Chairmen (Tankers)--ERWIN 0. PEI in the regions of scientific safety inquiry. Although the voice of the safety advocate was all but lost in the wilderness, neverthe less bis work continued in the firm belief that the man who dares to do something worth-while will utilmatcly gain a following. As the fruits of accident prevention liccame more and more evident, it gradually hutgcr lie accepted if business is to sttrviw Dept, The Texas Co, New York, N. Y.; CM the perils and costs of accidents. "'i. Cities Service Oil Co, New York, N. Y, The entire marine industry owes a pe culiar debt to you leaders within the indus V Fire General Chairman (Coastal Regions and l try who have recognized that safety has <V. VICE-ADM. MERLIN O'NEILL, USC.G, Con brought increased crticicncy in ojierations. You have contributed much to the conser ton, IX c. vation of in:m|inwrr which is all important [-. Fire General Chairman (Coordination--Galvrnment developed to a stage where it could lie re during these critcal days of national emer EDWARD L. COCHRANE, USN (Ret.), Mar garded, at least, as respectable; and, the gency. Commerce, Washington, IX main criticisms of it concerned its so-called We know (hat you will not relax hi your 'impracticability. Some executives said: safety activities. To the contrary, we an flAdvisory Committee (Past General Chairmen)--LEU "Safety will cost too much." Others said: convinced that you will increase the tempo builders Council nf America, New York, N. Y.; "Safety is a fandangle idea, it will not of your efforts to meet new, challenginf JyV SfiippiiiK Co, (Robin Line), Now York, N. Y.; (.' work." And still others remarked: "We don't want these safety people telling us how to run our jobs, our business, etc., etc." This was the Age of Adolescence of the science of safety. Then came the Period of Maturity, when the science of safety, feeling the strength of its -s, could no longer harbor itself conditions. The greatest challenge of all is to prevent human failure in shipyards aid in ship operations. This calls for continue! ami more intensive training programs. By your safety endeavors, you will lent he remembered with profound gratitude bj all who go down to the sea in ships as wtl as by those who helped to build the '* l'res, Moore-McCormack Lines, New York, N. Y. Ii-"' Gulf Oil Corp, New York, Ichcm Steel Co, Bethlehem, N. Y.; CARTER K Pa.; CARL E. 1101. McLennan, Inc, New York, N. Y.; CART. El - President, United Stales P. ft I. Agency, New \ ill "JR, Mgr, 0|ierating Div, Marine Trnnsp. Dept, Y.; CAPT. FRANK II. CUGAN, Supl, b 25 ( wanna & Western R. R. Co., Hoboken, N. J.; ARTHUR M. TODE, Consulting Eng, Assistant'Chairman, Great Lakes Region--Towing--J. I). I New York, N. Y. Great Lakes Towing Co, Cleveland, Ohio. Chairman, Nominating Committee--WILLARD F. JONES, Vice-Pres, Gulf Oil Corp, New York, N, Y. Secretary (Admiralty and Maritime Counse(or)-HENRY C. EIDENBACH, Hagen, Seneca! & Eidenbacli, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Programs, Conventions S' Meetings)--H. M. WICK, Asst, to the Pres., American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Membership)--CAPT. E W. FISKE, JR, Mgr, Operating Div, Marine Trans. Dept, Socony-Vacmiin Oil Co, New York, N. Y. Director, Inland (Valerways, Operations and Shipbuilding-- ' Pres, The American Waterways Operators, Inc, Washini Special Service Committees Chairman, Committee for the Advancement of Safety in thi FRANK I. TAYLOR, Pres, American Merchant Mar N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Cargo Vessels)-L. H. QUACKENBUSII, Mgr, Husband Chairman, Ship Owners Associations Committee--GEORG1 ing Dept, States Marine Corp. of Del, New York, N. Y, of American Ship Owners, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Petroleum and Tank Vessels)--FRANK W. MILLER, 'Chairman, Statistics and Contests Committee--CAPT. II Asst. Mgr, Operations Div, Esso Shipping Co, New York, N. Y. f' Safety and Cargo Damage Prevention, Moore-McConn: Assistant General Chairman (Stevedoring)--JOHN W. McGRATII, l'res. National Assn, of Stevedores, and Pres., Jolin-W. McGrath Corp, New York, N. Y\ Director, Public Relations and Publicity--FRANK BRAYNARD, Dir, Bureau of Infor mation, American Merchant Marine Inst, New York, N. Y. Director,' Maritime Associations--Safety Cooperation and Attendance--R. J. BAKER, Secretary-Treas, American Merchant Marine Inst, New York ,N. Y. Directors, Safety Information and Posters--CAPT. R. E. MACKEY, Asst. Mgr, Oper ations Div, Marine Dept, The Texas Co, New York, N, Y.; HAROLD J. SEGRAVE, District Manager, Mine Safety Appliances Co, Long Island City, N. Y. Assistant Chairmen, Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Comn Chief Safety Eng, Bethtehem Steel Co, Bethlehem, STROM, Safety Eng,` Newport News Shipbuilding and ;i; Va.; I. C. YATES, Dir. of Safety, Alabama Drydock 8 l(j - Chairman, Engineering and Minimum Standards Commit h' USCG, Chief, Merchant Marine Technical Div, U. S. C Special Maritime Advisor (Marine Engineering)--II. L. S Yale University, School of Engineering, New Ilavcn, C< Editor, Marine News Letter--S. B. PARSELL, Marine Dept, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co, New York, N. Y. Regional Activitiea and Committees , .Special Government Committees for Safety in National E '' Chairman, Safety Policies for Regulations and Ship Inspect ; C SHEPHEARD, USCG, Chairman, Merchant Marin Merchant Marine Safely, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington Assistant to Vice General Chairman (Coastal Regions and International Safety Conven tions--Coordination)--REAR ADM. J. A. HIRSH FI ELD, USCG, Dir. of Personnel, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Assistant Chairman, Atlantic Region--Tanker Operations--CAPT. WILLIAM G, AN DERSON, Mgr. of Oiicrations, Marine Div, The Atlantic Refining Co, Philadelphia, Pa. Assistant Chairmen, Gulf Region--Ships and Stevedoring--CAPT. RALPH L. MOCK, Supvr, Accident Prevention, Lykcs Bros. S.S. Co, New Orleans, La.; EARLE SMITH, Safety Dir, Waterman S.S. Co, Mobile, Ala. Assistant Chairmen, Pacific Region--Ships and Stevedoring--JOSEPH II. TRAVERS, Mgr, Acc. Pre. Bureau, Pacific Maritime Assn, San Francisco, "Cal.; HARRY E. AVERY, Safety Engineer, Matson Navigation Co, San Francisco, Calif. Chairman, Safety Committee for Accident Causes and C HERGES, Safety Supvr, Federal and Maritime Sal Standards, U. S. Dept, oi Labor, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Naval Committee for Safely in National D HARRY W. BAUMER (CEC), USN, Dir, Safety Dept, Washington, D. C. Chairman, U. S. Navy Yards Safety Committee--LT. 1 . Head, Safety Section, (Code 785), Ind. Re!. Branch, Washington, D. C. 1 Staff Representative--L. W. DUTTON, National Assistant Chairman, Southern California Region--Ports and Terminals--REAR ADM. FRANK D. HIGBEE, USCG (Ret.), Warden of the Port of Los Angeles, San Pedro, Cal. Assistant Chairman, Great Lakes Region--Bulk Carriers--WM. ECKERT, Mgr, Safely Dept, Interlake S.S. Co, Cleveland, Ohio. 26 27 1 Metals Industry The Use of Welling Agents to C safely in steel warehousing where the va riety of sizes, types, grades and finishes of the steel carried in regular inventory is par ticularly great, Problem number four was the employee's mental attitude in relation to the work pat tern of the industry. The high degrei of llexibility in daily job assignments,, brief about a constant change in duties artofiw ... trial environment, demands a general safety! knowledge of the warehouse operation. TUsI is dillictilt to establish except through expe-X lienee gained during ait extended employ-igj incut (icriod. . *1(1 addition to flicsc there arc "ilioiisnwls Jrf workers who have been exposed to silica g-*rt ill these various occupations and are engaged in other forms of work." jf'ln order that wc may belter understand (<*e purpose of this discussion on wetting ^xgtnts for dust control it will be necessary dismiss the dangerous dust (larliclc size ncnir. A iiquii the surface ten than tlie sum n tween the solid tension of the M the wetting effect of raw water com- T herefore, lb lrti| to wet water with the proper surface increases with : The Use of Wetting Agents to Control Dust in Industries By G. A. MAU Vice Pres., Johnson March Corp., Philadelphia, Pa. Within the past two decades chemists have developed materials with properties similar to soap but without the limitations, resulting in a large number of compounds with re markable physical properties. The behavior of these materials has suggested their use in a wide variety of industrial fields. These materials are known as Surface Active Agents since their primary effect is at the boundaries or surfaces between two phases. Reduction of interfacial tension, lowering I like the popular definition of a wetting'j agent, which merely states that a wetting agent added to water makes it wetter. Per-<*i haps, we should state for the purpose of* keeping the chemical terminology straight,'?, that a wetting agent is a material which,'.-!-; when added to water, or to any other liquid will cause considerable reduction in surface tension. Safety and health have been benefitlcd by the use of wetting compounds in many industries. Safety--in providing bet ter visibility around plant and equipment, ^tension and group combination. St; Not all of the particles of inhaled dust access or are retained by the human .,,s. For tlrcse reasons, the size of tlte t'foi present in the industrial atmosphere ikuld be determined. f Investigations have proven that particles greater than )0 microns in longest dimenijljon are very seldom found in the lungs, j;d that the particle size found most comiixonly in lungs were three to five microns. Due to gravity which causes rapid settling ^ol suspensions and due to the protective action of the mucous surfaces of the upper respiratory tract, the larger particles do not penetrate to the terminal portions of Ihc lungs, . Therefore, it is obvious dial attention should lie given chiefly to those particles sion. Many dus difficulty liccatts film already ah film might lie in a dust cloud, place unless the is great enough A wetting af active agent gr nish the sprea drive off Hie a Time wilt no than the high foundry imitisl AIkhiI three some foundry 1 the miillrr. an welled with a surprise, i| w; of surface tension, increase of welting health by preventing the absorption or in- - i which arc less than 10 microns in longest dusts (bat did (lower, dcfiocculation and emulsification arc halation of dust. dimension ami which ran ruler tlie lungs. single tyiK- n some of tlie results of this activity. The Ousts, whether toxic of not, are harmful ;j] This group particle size is very difficult kumvti at Ilia synthetic surface active agents first came into use in this country about 1930. In the few years since tiieir introduction, tiicy have Imoinc numerous and varied, and have found many uses in diverse fields. The surface active agents can he sulidividcd into five groups. Wetting agents, (lenctrating agents, dispersing agents, emulsifying agents and foaming agents. Reference will be directed particularly to the first and second groups. Namely, wet ting agents; producing increased wetting or spreading of an aeqeous solution or suspen sion over a repellent surface and the sec ond group, penetrating agents, providing more rapid passage of a liquid into a porous solid. With the above brief discussion on sur face active agents, or as 1 will refer to them from now on as welling agents or compound, I intend to discuss the use of writing agents to control dust in industry and particularly, t>>* foundry. and an attempt to group dusts under the j'-.lo wet, ami requires not only a low surface compound of headings "active" and "inert" (with refer-- ^tension liquid hut a fine atomizing spray would aclivrly cnee to effect on health) has proved unsat El wnde. Dust control Uy wetting depends for to wet ran lip isfactory. Investigations have proven that .'its effectiveness 11(1011 the fact that, once the coiu|Hiiuui is i practically all dusts may lie harmful it 'Vdosl has Iiccii Irapped in water or some reef. One wit breathed in large amounts over long periods. ;*thtr liquid, the particles are not easily dis- So far wc In this country, dust diseases usually des ignated as "silicosis" is more or less common among workers in the mining, grinding, granite and foundry industries. According to Lanza and Vane, the estimated number of men exposed to Silica-Bearing Dust in various industries arc as follows: ProcMf Pttcentage of Number AH Employees BxporH Melt) mining ..................................100 Anthracite cot) mining...................... 20 62,009 30,000 [Persed again in tlie air, until proper disposal of the types o las been made. with low surfi i: Dust control by wet methods is attractive providing the ! front the stand|Hiinl of cost Imt has not been that the size f,j highly successful in certain industries, with most inlcrcslc ,< raw water. Many articles have been writ- or generally itkn quoting 110I too good results in such microns. Tim Kv-applications as grinding wheels, rock drilling,sizes, f. Joining, etc. The cfficicii ! < Dust control with water is better than no (H'ikIciiI uimn - wetting at all, but would not reduce tlte clcs are wclti Quarrying of granite, ginister, tantisione, elc............... Smelting & refining .............. 100 100 22,001 19,009 dust count sufficiently to be safe, ami in flic tcnfiiue \\e((a ose of some dusts, could tint lie welted at wetting conqii Foundry worker*.................. UK) Potteries. |U works, stone products 30 Grinders, butters, sand blasters, 200,009 70,009 especially tlie sizes 10 microns or less. proper parlirl To obtain better wetting, experimentation zlc- designed vitreous enamelers ...................... Estimated total for mining, quarry* 62,009 v`ltd-to the use of welting agent'. J"rc45i:rc 'o c inf and manufacturing Industrie*. 4)9,009 ''Se physics of wetting is net entire1.'- ::n- a:: I rat'ern. 20 Mttali Industry ,iuril The /Idiniiiislrntioii o Another big factor for cfRcicnt wet dust large areas and is not regularly remowtjj jb compounds to eliminate dust before proc- control is the selection of proper type noz wetting compounds are Infinitely more tf-j| ,t suing. zles. It is common practice to employ "a fcctivc than spraying with water. g1 ' Wherever sand is thrown from condilion- nozzle" whether a solid or hollow cone or Plain water wets the surfaces of the fleer ( !ng machines, direct pressure nozzles with flat sheet spray. No matter how efficient sand, causing mud, or may run to hwtrjj capacities considerably larger than the aver- the wetting compound may be, if the proper levels causing puddles and excess surfs |yte dust nozzles are recommended. This nozzle with proper spray pattern and angle moisture in spots.. i, nozzle must have a fine atomized spray !>c- arc not at the right location, results can not be obtained. The methods usually employed to obtain fine atomization arc high pump pressures, Hccausc very little penetration takes: air currents absorb the moisture raj allowing, lltc sand to dry ami become ntjlj sliortly after tbe water application. . 3 'tause wetting-of the sand is necessary to properly control the atmospheric dust. De spondent upon bin capacity, we also rccontffstend for large bins air fog misting nozzles liquid with air misting nozzles and very low capacity nozzles. High pressures arc not desirable for dust wetting. The high pressure spray causes Ihe dust to disperse beyond (lie spray area. Liquid air misting nozzles arc very satis factory for spraying areas 10-20 ft. from the nozzles. A very fine fog or mist sprav can he obtained with these nozzles provided sufficient nozilcs are used for the spray pattern. These nozzles are recommended for top spraying of shakeouts, sand conditioning, crane shakeout, etc. Low capacity nozzles can lic( grouped and used on medium pressures (40-70 psi) to obtain fine particle atomization, for dose proximity dust concentrations near equip ment or conveyor transfer points, etc. These nozzles arc now available in capacities of 2 to 24 gallons per hour. Most wetting agents arc shiiqied in con centrated form ami require dilution when When applying welling compounds I* floor a flat cutting spray nozzle has.f found most effective. ji ,crer the storage area to control the dust jod to revive the treatment in the event the .sand stands long enough to become dry and fywly. Wetting compounds permit the wett'qif of floors in the melting and pouring are*! if' cause of quick deep penetration of the *obv lure in the sand and much less possiWStM that sand near the surface will be: wf| enough to cause spattering of metal, rtm-fj 1 ration with water is difficult and cvapfcsta.'J quickly. * I^J Wetting compounds are iicing successfully Jnstd to control dust arising during skip at loading of muller operations, which lilt not exhausted. Small capacity nozzles mounted over the inuller bowl will wet the floating dust particles with very little or ''controlled moisture. If tonqicring of sand Crane shake oul of castings usually M Is required, the wetting agent is introduced is the water line. volvc large areas in the main lays of l foundries. While the shakeout periods (*iiW 'I Core knockouts may produce even greater lie confined to night or early morning teen, | when few employees arc in the area, me* of the foundry becomes contaminated wii Jtiairlioruc dust (bat is easily vibrated. loose from the building structure and equipma* ft; The Administration of when the .full force of workmen are ft... By A. C. BECK ST work. A fine atomized solid cone spray sp-'f plied from nozzles attached to the erase;! bridge over the shakeout area has been tot!, Dir., Safety and Technical Employment, Amei Salt Lake City, l used for spraying. Efficient, durable, auto matic proport hilling equipment is required for successful wet ilust control, Proportioners meeting these conditions over a pe riod of years are now available. Welting Compounds are of great benefit to foundries, not only for dust rnnlrol but for such things as fire fighting, core knock out, cleaning castings, core wash, recondi tioning the moulding saiul, cupola smoke control, sand tempering, etc. Dust corttrol at craue iirnl marhiuc shake outs, mullers, floors, sand conditioning, grinding and cleaning departments are the areas where foundries have proven wetting successfully at a foundry. ) ||V In order to properly administer a safely At another foundry, a special portiMfl iprogram, it is first necessary to establish the stand was built with the fog air mistisM proper organization. This organization must nozzles, which, is placed in a position al I Slave the sup|mrl of all individuals in the opnsitc sides of the working which.mitt* 1 [-'company from the chairman of the Ixjnrd lie 25 nozzle feet or more is also used in diameter. This tJK'l for spraying over tWt| znd president } ffoyec. to the newest pay roll em- shakeout table. The fog air misting nozzle is used wo ecssfully to supplement exhaust systems *' shakeout machines. If the table is large ad' the dust is not being properly exhsusliiJ the air fog misting nozzle lias successfolf.l emitrolled the dust in areas not exhausted.! It might tie over the ends of extra lar(tr| /jv Second, a definite safely ixilicy must l>c . tommlalcd by all levels of management in ^conjunction with all mctulicrs of the safety piorganization. Tins imlicv should lie flexible |,;<nogli to meet dumping conditions anil .emergencies without causing confusion or trouble. s|trcti fnlhtv and t ing a |.'if ,lnlS( prove to do f,,r ( it .s,i,r| s.,fC| uncc compounds very successful. work extending over the table, or due tt I &: Third, it is necessary that the ini|Hirtancu incut The application of welting rtmiixiumls on foundry floors or walks, prevents dust aris ing when rolling equipment or men travel over them. It keeps the floating dust parti sand not leaving underneath the shaleto* I jb*al proiicr cnqihasis to safely lie recognized fast enough. '* all levels of inauagriucol and hv every The amount of dust produced by sdj j employee in the company including cmconditioning equipment is inffucnred laigd/5 l.ptqyccs just being hired. Tb nnpli |iu.< ,,f g cles from becoming nirltoriic. For general by whether the sand is handled dry or meetj J.." Fourth, a definite follow-up and check vice use, re the sand is accumulating over The sand should I* moistened with * H's/slem through reports and on-thc-siot in- finnn T 136 Metals Industry 1 :Officers of the served solely for engineers, rather, we do mean that people engaged in safety work must he able to analyze, to judge, and to decide. Mr, Ward, wilt you discuss litis matter of analysis? M*. Wakd : Often, accidents scent to stent from uncontrollable factors, and the appar ent cause is that the accident was due to a accident. Accident investigation has ml value, whatsoever, if it does' not succeed ! METAL: developing a safer method of doing tlte job] on which tlte accident occurred. Thus, we have completed three points it NATIONAL SAFETY CO our accident analysis program, We haw looked at the apparent cause we hart searched out tlte real cause; and we hatrtl&rtterof Chairman--HOWARD HOLLAND, Sttitcrvisor hazard inherent to that peculiar job or oc established, and set up our objective. BvtKv Sheet & Tube Company, East Chicago, Ind. cupation. the full accident analysis, as we see it, itjf '' , .. . Now, in safety work, such identification made up of four points. We must e_s__Uk_-_E_F__ir_rf__P__ic_e-Chairman--H. S. SIMPSON, Safety Engineer, is not sufficient. Since we are interested in the elimination of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions, we must go further. We mtist iislt responsibility; not necessarily respond-tt.^' Peoria, Ilf bility for the accident that has already hap-'ip". pelted, but rather, responsibility for the [Second Vice-Chainnan- -J, J, NOLAN, Safety Engineer, J) seek out the real cause of the accident. This correction of tlte conditions that caused the. leltem, Pa. can best be done by the application of logic. accident. We've all beard the old proved;1 "Something that is everybody's responsibil-| Stcretary-A, H. ZE1LINGER, Safety Engineer, The O We must take what we have learned of ' ity is* nobody's responsibility." It never hit Si', tion, Pueblo, Colo. the real cause and set up our objective--the a better application than it hits in accident! correction of the factors which caused the prevention. ews Letter Editor--W. H. WILSON, Safely Dircctu jb.Bridge Company, Ambridgc, Pa. ? ' |Newt Letter Co-hditor--W. .1. M. REDWOOD, Safety ! D Department, Algotna Steel Corporation, Ltd., Snult Stc, Eccmndtiui/ Committee--'*R. I.. RIDINGKR (Chairman), L K. tection, Inland Steel Company, East Chicago, Ind.; .f. f ' Safely, South Works, United Slates Steel Company, Safety Supervisor, Chicago District. Republic Steel Com i[{Contest and Statistics Committee--E. J. LANGLAND (Ch; ; Lakes Steel Cor|toration, Ecorsc, Detroit, Mich.; }. I *5 i Safety Director, Rlaw-Knox Company, Pittslmrgh, Pa.; J.-' visor of Lalvir Analysis, United States Steel Company, P KEapmerrin? and Practices Committee--A. G. WHISMA Safety, Gary Steel Works, United States Steel Co,, Gary, H Fabricating Industry--GERARD O. GRIFFIN (Chairmn Corporation, Neville Island, Pittslmrgh, Pa.; F. M. HI I Relations. United States Steel Products Company, Pt Sharon, I'a.; K W, ENGKRER, Management's Rrp t Bethlehem Steel Company, Pitlshurgh, Pa.J H, PALM I Company, Rockford Works, Rockford, III.; WALTER ['' neer, Butler Maimfacturitig Company, Galeslmrg, 111.; f. ' sonnel St Safety, Blaw-Knox Division, Hlaw-Knox Cor jjjFettmfry Industry--]. D. 110LTZAPPLE (Cltairtnatt), P Foundry St Machine Company. East Chicago, htd.; Chairman), Supervisor of Safely, United States Steel A. BRINKMAN, Director of Employment, Safety am Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.; GEORGE MILLIGAN, Moline Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; SHERMAN RICH 5. Manager, American Radiator ami Standard Sanitary f. A. G. STARRETT, Personnel Director, The Ihtckcy lumbus, Ohio; C. J. VAN DAMN, Safely Dirccto 37 t: r Foundry Company, Muskegon, Mich.; E. J. WALLMAN, District Supervisor of Safety, Program Committee--E. H. HOUCK (Chairman), Super! American Brake Shoe Co., Chicago, 111. Aliquippa Works, Jones Sc Laughlin Steel Corp., Aliqu Metallic Coaling Industry--BONNIE TRENT (Chairman), Plant Safety Committee American Hot Dip Gatvaniicr* Association, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa,; *C. M. ALLEN (Advisory Chairman), Staff Supervisor of Safety, Armco Steel Corporation, Middle* town, Ohio; T. C. CARRICO, Director, Welfare and Safety,-Wheeling Steel Corpo ration, Wheeling, W. Va. Safely Director, Aluminum Company of America, P .. Assistant to General Sates Manager, Industrial Chain Chain Corp,, Tonawanda, N, Y.; EARLE M. LAI General Steel Castings Corp., Eddyslone, Pa,; J, N. . , and Insurance, Continental Steel Corp., Kokomo, Ind.; of Safely, Oliver Iron and Steel Corp.; Pittsburgh, Non-ferrous Metals Industries--M. L, ABEL (Chairman), Executive Vice-President, Mag nesium Company of America, East Chicago, Ind.; *H. G. HENSEL (Advisory Chair-' . man), Safety Director, The Youngstown Sheet Sc Tube Company, Chicago, III.; WILLIAM GILLIAND, Assistant Safety Director, Aluminum Company of Ameriei," 11 Manager, Industrial Relations Department, Haynes St< I, PISLE, Superintendent, Industrial Relations, Chicag Chicago, HI.; T. R. SMITH, Safety Supervisor, Rc| Ohio. Pittsburgh, Pa.; C. L. McCOY, Director of Personnel, Chase Brass & Copper Company, Trade Association Liaison Committee--EDWARD C. M Cleveland, Ohio; .1. E. NICHOLS, Director of Safety, Reynolds Metals Company, I) Supervisor of Safety, United States Steel Co., Pittslmr tiReynolds Metals Building, Richmond, Va.; C. L. RfENZO, Supervisor of Workmen's Compensation, Revere Copper and Brass Inc., Rome, N. Y.; WILLIAM S. VISOKAY, ant Safety Engineer) Great Lakes Corp., Ecorsc, Dctrc MAN, Safely Engineer, Rustless Iron and Steel Div Superintendent of Safety, Bridgc|>ort Brass Company, Bridgeport, Conn. more, Mil.; J. F. JULI, Safety Director, Cousotid: Angeles, Calif.; W. W. BRANT, Supervisor of Safe Steel fndustry~rW. E. BARKER (Chairman), Safety Supervisor, East Works Plant, Steel Company, Johnstown, Pa.; G. A. RILEY, Super1 Armco Steel Corp., Middletown, Ohio; G. J. EIGENBROD, Safety Supervisor, Shoe Company, New York, N. Y.; J. R. VAN SYCK Republic Steel Corporation, Buffalo, N. Y.; STANLEY W. HALL, Supervisor, Em Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio; It. M. WALSH, Assis ployee Services Section, Steel Division, Ford Motor Company,. Dearltorn, Mich.; Service, Inland Steel Company, Indiana Harbor Work! W. T. McLEAN, Supervisor of- Safety, United States* Steel Co., Youngstown, Ohio: fc'f E. D. MORGAN, Superintendent of Plant Protection Sc Safety, Bethlehem Plant, jjl Wisuat Education and Poster Committee--ROBERT S. B, Bethlehem Steel Company, Bethlehem, Pa.; W. D. WILLIAMS, Assistant Supervisor ft of Training and Safety, National Tube Company, Pitts of Safety, The Youngstown Sheet & Ttd>e Company, East Chicago, ind. Supervisor, Slicflichl Steel Corp., Kansas City, Mo.; II Relations, The Colorado Fuel A: Iron Corp., Hu(Tain, Steel Warehousing Industry--JOIlNjC. CUSHING (Chairman), Director of industrial Safety Director, Acme Steel Company, Kivcrdale, III. Relations, United States Sleet Supply,Company, Chicago, III.; *F. W. KELSEY (Ad Safety and Welfare Department, Pittsburgh Works, visory Chairman), Supervisor of Safety & Welfare, Jones Sc Laughlin Steel Corpora tion, Jones & Laughlin Building, Pittsburgh, Pa.`, M. A. KING, Supervisor of Safety, J. T, Ryerson Company, Chicago, HI.; JOHN E .SPANN, Engineer, Chicago Ware ' Pittsburgh, Pa.; ARTHUR D. MURPHY, Director Crucible Steel Company of America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; I ' to Supervisor of Safely, The Youngstown Sheet Sc Ti house, Jones Se Laugliliu Steel Corimralion, Chicago, III.; WALTER STONER, Super-' intendent Industrial Relations, Tmscon Division, Rcptiblic Steel Corp, Youngstown, Ohio. .Members-at-Large--*E. F. BLANK, Assistant to ViccRelations, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh IFire Manufacturing Industry--U. 15. I-'RAYER (Chairman), Safety Director, L. A. Young Spring Sc Wire Corp., Detroit, Midi.; *J. F. COLLINS, Supervisor oi Safety, The Youngstown Sheet & Tulie Company, Youngstown, Ohio; PETER CONTARDO, Safety Director, Joint A. Rochting's Sons Company, Trenton, N. J. Secretary, Industrial Relation* Committee, Amcriean , York, N. Y.; *R. A. CHAFFIN, Vice-President, r Steel Corp., Kokomo, Ind.; *K. it. FERGUSON, Assi , (ions, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio; *G. T. >. . Weirlon Steel Company, Wcirtou, W. Va.; *15. II. l,M Health Committee--DR. RICHARD J. BENNETT (Chairman), Chief Surgeon, United Stales Steel Company, Chicago, 111.; DR. E II. CAULETON, Medical Director, Inland Steel Company, Indiana Harbor Works, liast Chicago, Ind.; DR. A. M. EDWARDS, Medical Director, American Steel Sc Wire Company, Cleveland, Ohio; DR. S. A. NORRIS, Chief Surgeon, Jones Si Laughlin Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, l'n. Relations, United Stales Steel Co., Gary Steel Works, Assistant to Manager of Coal Mines, Jones St I-aiy?h Coal Division, California, Pa.; *F. A. LAUEKMAN, Republic Steel Corp., Youngstown, Ohio; *J. A. OP SCHMITT, Louisville, Ky.; HI. J. SPOERER, Din Youngstown Sheet Sc Tula; Company, Youngstown, Membership Committee--W, M. NELSON (Chairman), Manager of Safety, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Otiio; R. H. llUMGARDNER, Manager, Safety and Casualty Oureau, Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, Birmingham, Ala.; R. M. DAVIS Representative--\VM. N. DAVIS, Senior Ei| Chicago, III. General Supervisor oi Safely, Homestead Works, United States Steel Co., Munhsll, . 'Past General Chairman. Pa.;.J. A. DOWNEY, JR., Director, Personnel Sc Safety, Stoss-Sheffield Steel & frott Company, Birmingham, Ala.; A. L. LOTT, Manager of industrial Relations, Tile Sled Company of Canada, Ltd., General Offices, Hamilton, Canada. C. J. VANDEVENTER, Safely Director, Atlantic Steel Company, Atlanta, Ga. 38 39 c Officers of the MINING SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52 j Solely Promotion Committee--R. F, WILSON (Choi Duluth, Minn.; P, D. McMURKKR, Mining Congr ) EVAN JUST, Engineering it Mining Journal, New . Mining World, San Francisco, Cal.; II. R RICE, C f1- vale, Quebec, Canada. * ; Hygiene and Ventilation Committee--R. EMMETT DO \ Institute, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; E. A. ANUNDSEN, Duluth, Minn.; C. WESLEY POTTER, Ilomcstake General Chairman--CLIFFORD GIBSON, Mines Accident Prevention Assn, of Ontario^- Timmins, Ontario, Canada. Hemben-al-Largc--*G\ZO\\C,V. GERRY, Pickamts M; WALTER E. MONTGOMERY, Quebec Aslwstos First Vice-Chairman--A. J. STROMQUIST, Cleveland Cliffs Iron Co., lshpeming, Mich. I. Canada; "JAMES K. RICHARDSON, Kcnnccolt G i - "JOHN L. IJOARDMAN, Anaconda Copper Mining Second Wee-Chairman--]. O. MARSHALL, St. Joseph Lead Co., Balmat, N. Y. ; . MAN, The Montreal Mining Co, Montreal, Wis.; A ] k Refining Co, Salt Lake City, Utah; *P. M. A1 Third Vice-Chairman--OSCMl A. GLAESER, U. S. Smelting, Refining and Mining Co, V. Tennessee, Mnscott, Twin.; "ANGUS D. CAMPBf Salt Lake City, Utah. Ltd, Schumacher, Out, Canada; *W. H. COM I NS, Co,'Texarkana, Texas; *U. DAWSON HALL, Co Secretary & News Letter Editor--D. O. KENNEDY, Safety and Health Branch, U. S. [' Co, Inc, New York, N. Y.; S. E SHARP, Tcimcss. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. i.'. R. F. A. THEW, Steep Rock Iron Mines, Ltd., Sic h' D. D. MOFFAT, Utah COpitcr Co, Salt Lake. City Entertainment Committee--J. T. RYAN, JR, (Chairman), Mine Safety Appliances Co, Jersey Zinc Co, Franklin, N. J.; `JOHN TREWKF. Pittsburgh, Pa. :) ' S. D.; HOWARD I. YOUNG, American Zinc, Lear Engineering Committee--GEORGE GE1X3E (Chairman), Calumet and Hecla Consoli ' Staff Representative--G. G. GRIEVE, National Safety Co dated Copper Co., Calumet, Mich.; RALPH CLELAND, International Nickel Co, i Cooper Cliff, Ontario, Canada; P. R. BIRCHI'IELD, Tennessee Coal, Iron & R.R. Com *Past General Chairman pany, Birmingham, Ala.; C. E. SHEA, Oliver Iron Mining Company, Ililihing, Mitm.; H. B. HUTCHENS, Eagle Richer Mining & Smelling Co., Cardin, Okla.; RAY MOND R. KNJLL, l'olash Company of America, Carlshad, New Mexico; JOHN 1). BIKER, Consolidated Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd, of Canada, Trail, British Columbia, Canada. Membership Committee--J. T. WILLIAMS (Chairman), Bunker Mill & Sullivan Mining Sc Concentration Co, Kellogg, Idaho; M. R. McPHERSON, Kcrr-Addison Gold Mines, Ltd, Virginiatown, Ontario, Canada; C. K. NEIL, Bethlehem Cornwall Corp, Corn wall, Pa.; E RUN El IJ ELM, Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting Company, Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada. Program Committee--S. 11. ASH (Chairman), Safety & Health Branch, U. S. Burea* of Mines, Washington, D. C.; W. O. TOWER, Chief Inspector of Mines, Parliament Buildings, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; C. M. ELLEUGE, Reynolds Mining Corp, 1 Alexander, Ark. Poster and Visual Aids Committee--L, F. BISHOP (Chairman), Anaconda Copper Min ing Co, Butte, Mont.; R. E. IIARMON, Phelps Dodge Corp, New Cornelia Branch . Ajo, Ariz.; G. W. KNUDSEN, Utah Copper Company, Bingham, Utah; GEORGE W. STREEPEY, Alcoa Mining Co, New York, N. Y.; M. C. M. POLLARD, ' National Gypsum Co, Buffalo, N. Y.; LAMAR WEAVER, Tennessee Copper Co, : Copperhill, Tenn.; A. H. ZEIL1NGER, Colorado Fuel & Iron Co, Pueblo, Colorado Statistics Committee--FOREST T. MOYER (Chairman), U. S. Bureau of Mines, Acci dent Analvses Div, Washington, D. C. 82 Officers of the I (Chairman Off-thc-Jab Safely Committer--C. 1.. 1I1GIITO , : Co., Shreve|x>rt, La, Pice-Chairman for Production--}. H. McKENZIl% General Petroleum Curp, tais A* geles, Calif. * Pice-Chairman for Marketing-AU'X\S l)K TAUNOWSKY, The Pure OH Co, iJhrj SOcony-Vacuum Oil Co, Inc.; C A. MILLER, Tl ' Tide Water Associated Oil Co.;,II. W. UOGGESS, Si . BREELAND, Looc Star Gas Cn>, R. It. ROAPER, , GERALD Oi LOCKWOOD, Continental Casualty Co.; OH Co.; C. L. HIGHTqWER^ United Gas Pipe L JStitWaril OH Co. (Cat.); CLYDE VV. SMITH (Retiree Cqmtdt*nt; V. R. CURRIE, Tlw teia* Co.; Is. J. SE .iLACE, Sinielnir Prairie Oil ROY S. BONSIB (H Shreveport, La. Slog Representative--ROG^upGljv HENSON, National Snfcl; Pice-Chairman for Exploration and Drilling--W. W. DUNCAN, Lofltanel Rros Co* Thtsa, Okla. Pice-Chairman for Manufacturing--J. B, Ur.LAUNE, Cities Service Corp, Tiilwiter Kt- finery. Lake Charles, La. - B Chairman Atlantic Division--A. E. UACCINl, The Atlantic Refining Co, Philadelphia, Pigs Chairman Gulf Coast Division--R. L. CARRUTHERS, Shell Pipe Line Corp, HoujjoeB Chairman Great Lakes Division--W. W. WHITLOCK, Illinois Farm Supply Co, Of* cago, III. rM Chairman Mid-Continent Division--FRED CLAIBORNE, Stanolim! Oil St Gas GsjS Tulsa, Okla. '$ Chairman Pacific Coast Division--Is. M. McCRACKEN, Shell Oil Co, lais Angek^B Chairman Research Committee--\V. O. WILSON, Standard Oil Co. (Indiana), Oiiaf^l Chairman Engineering Committee--PARKER FOLSE, Magnolia Petroleum Co, Bomb inont, Tex. ' Pisual Aids Committee--). R. MORRISON (Chairman), Shell Oil Co, New VaiH N. Y.; LEWIS A. MARTIN (Co-Chairman), Oklalioma A & M College, Stiilwrtjfl Chairman Health Committee--DR. B. B. REEVE, Standard Oil Co. (Indiana), CIiic^9B HI. 46 | l? Officers of the PUBLIC UTILITIES SECTION! NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52 General Chairman W. H. ADAMS, Safety Consultant, American Gas Association, New York, N. Y. \ Membership Committee--F. T. ELLENBERG (Cliairm: Electric Co., Atlantic City, N. J.; .1. G. DICKINSOb Electric Power Co., Milwaukee, Wis.; H. A. l'TOLEI ice Co. of Northern Illinois, Chicngo, III.; AYI.ES Rural Electrification Adm., Atlanta, Ga. S'; Porter Committee--E. M, CHASE (Chairman), Safctj 1 Service Corp., Rutland, -Vt.; PAUL WINDSOR, 5 Oiicago, III. J/JVoter Utilities Committee--FONS. .1. HUGHES, Safi Light Co., Public Service Bldg, Portland, Ore. Picc-CItairman W. T. ROGERS, Sbfety Cousttllaul, Ebasco Services, Inc., New York, N. Y. 1 Publicity Committee--DAVID A. FLEMING, Safety P of Labor, Hur. of Lalior Stawlnrds-Safcty Standards, Secretary--D. C. STEWART, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, liuflalo, N, i W. MASTERS, Safety Director, Asplmidh Tree Ex p',Program Committee--W. S. KITCHEN (Chairman), Sy engineering Committee -- ROUERT McELIJOWNEY, JR. (Cliairman), Safety Dirvl ft-., Electric Power Co, Roanoke, Va.; W. F. BROWN, United Fuel Gas Company, Charleston, W. Va.; F. II. LaMASTKR, Head, Safety fc.f ^P`. Co. of New York, Inc, New York, N. Y.;.R. P. DOl Job Training Section, Management Div., U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Rural Electrification'! Adin., Washington, D. C.; EVERETT RAVN, Dir. of Safety, Wisconsin Power ii-M Edison Co, Detroit, Mich. Light Company, Madison, Wis.; C. A. COUTTS, Div. of Safely, Northern State*I*" bNettts Letter Committee--JACK APPEL (Chairman), J Power Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; LESTER LIND, Safety Director, Michigan-WisconsiuY ' Edison Co, Chicago, 111.; H. T. JAYNF, Safety Sup Pipe Line Co., Detroit, Mich.- > V Co, .Philadelphia, Pa. Data Sheet Subcommittee--FREDERICK G. HARRIMAN (Chairman), Safety Mgv}j jt- Statistics & Contest Committee--R. E. WALTER (Clui New England Power Service Co., Boston, Mass.; HOWARD K. COOK, Ass't Mgr,)| Public Power District, Omaha, Neb.; M. M. MKHI Safety Dep't, Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; EUGENE E. EDMOND-'^.! ife delphia Gas Works Co, Philadelphia, Pa. SON, Safety Director, Texas Eastern Transmission Corp., Shreveport, La.; C. E. f;l MAMMON, Safety Dir., Columbus & Southern Ohio Electric Co., Columbus, Oliio,./ij & Special Projects Committee--L. C. SCHAhER (Cliai Gas Storage Co, Jackson, Mich.; R. S. METZGER, Safety Instruction Card Subcommittee--E. T. MARSHALL (Chairman), System Safety Eng., Pennsylvania Electric Co., Johnstown, Pa.; FORREST D. NORBERG. Safety? Edison Co, Toledo, Ohio; C. A. ! I SCI I BACK, Sa Edison Co, Alhambra, Calif.; V. L. WOMELDORFI Dir., Utah Power & Light Co.. Salt Lake City, Utah; WILLIAM J. EASTON, Dir. of.!; Co, Decatur, 111:; F. JOHN ALBI, Safely Supvr. C Acc. Pre., The Cincinnati Gas St Electric Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Seattle, Wash. Safety Ideas Committee--R. R. CONN (Chairman), Stipvr. of Training & Safety, Power ll Di Hembers-at-Large--B. A. THORNTON, South Bend, Station Dept., Duqucsne Light Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.; EUGENE D. McATEE, Ass't if KV, tundius, Ohio. Vice Pres. c Safety Dir., The L. 1C. Myers Co., Chicago, III.; C. D. MURDOCK, Safely Supvr., Kansas City Power & Light Co., Kansas City, Mo.; R. II. ELF-: l STROM, Supvr. of Industrial Safety, British Columbia Electric Railway Co. Ltd., vf Vancouver, B. C. ' Councilors (Past General Chairmen)--1916-17, J. 11. 1 MacLACHLAN; 1925-26, B. H. McCULLOCH; ! C I. RUTLAND; 1928-29, II. F. WEBB; 1930-11 G. A. DOELI.F.R; 19.12-3.1, C. B; IIOULET; 1914- Final/ Aids Committee--A. H. LARSEN (Chairman), Supvr., Safely Jb Training Div, ' Const. Dept, Commonwealth Edison Co, Chicago, III.; C. P. SlllUEY, Safety Dir,. '] . Gulf States Utilities Co, Beaumont, Tex.; C. W. PROVONCHEE, Pcr3. Dir, Provi-. I M. GODWIN; 19.18-19, R. S. MET/.GKR; 19.19CHARLES S. BOWDEN; *1941-42, Pi L. G. IIA: CAN; 1941-44, E. S. MINER; *1944-46, J. T. O'B deuce Gas Co, Providence, R. I.; D. E. HUSK, Safety Dir, New Jersey Power Light Co, Dover, N. J. 1947-48, J. B. PORCHER; 1948-49, E. L. FITZG LELLAN; 1950-51, E. H. IIANNAFORD. Health Committee--DR. HART E. FISHER (Giairman), Medical Dept, Chicago Tran-)' Special Representatives--W. F. I1ROWN (Chairman, A sit Authority, Chicago, III.; DR. H. R. McKEEN, Med. Dir, Public Service Co. of Director, Consolidated Edison Co. of New York^hic. Colorado, Denver, Colo. B. HANCOCK (Chairman, Acc. Pre. Committee Training Committee--P. M. GENTZEL (Chairman), Safely Coordinator, Ohio Edison? T; Lighting Co, Mincola, N. Y. Co, Akron, Ohio; J. M. FALLS, Dir. of Safety & Training, Northern Indiana Public 'j] " - Staff Representative--GEORGE MacDONALD, jNalin Service Co, Hammond, Ind.; JAMES B. HALL, Mgr. of Acc Pre, Equitable Gas ?.\ Co, Pittsburgh, Pa.; D. E. ALBERTSON, Safety Engineer, Pennsylvania Power & 4 Deceased. Light Co., " telton, Pa. 19 t Officers of the Program Committee---J. R. TIIKXTON (Chairman), _ RAILROAD SECTION^ Li.- ' Western Railroad Company, llobokcti, N. J.; L. L Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway Company, Joliet, _ R'; Pullman Company, Chicago, III.; *J. It TENNEY, ' Company, Hagerstown, Ma. $ F. B, LEWI& Union Ps NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1951-52 : Neb.; E. E. SEYFARTH, Belt.RniIwy-Clucgo & cago, III.; *W. H. ROBERTS, Chicago and North W & III.; -R. P. HAMILTON, St. Louis-San Francisco R .Poster Committee--M. A. NUGENT (Chairman), The Francisco, Cal.; R. S. JAMES (Vice-Chairman), D **---* "<* * &*-- -- U- W,r.TBj. SSSWSS&JKTifiSSl i,\T HM Fice-Cfiairman R. C. SABENS. Tlie New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Com-1 pany, Cleveland, Ohio. -1 Chicago, III.; O. R. DIAMOND, Kansas City Soutl port, La.; B. A. McDONALD, Missouri-Pacific-Texa Secretary and News Letter Editor--R. S. JAMES, Denver and Rio Grande Western] Railroad Company, Denver, Colo. " Association Liaison Committee--'-A. V. ROIIWEDF.R (Chairman). Duluth, Missal* and? Iron Range Railway Company, Duluth Minn.; *D. E. MUMFORD (Vice-Chairman)! New York Central System, New York, N. Y.; C. M. KIMBALL, Southern Railwirk System, Washington, D. C. Contest Committee--*C. I.. LaFOUNTAINE (Chairman), The Great Northern Railway* Company, St. Paul. Minn.; -G. W. ELSTE (Vice-Chairman), The Baltimore and- Ohio Railroad Company, Baltimore, Md.; C. M. KIMBALL, Soutlicrn Railway Sw-\; 'em,.C' * F. R- CALLAHAN, The Pullman Company, Chicago, IILj.^ D. W. NAFF, Norfolk and Western Railway Company, Roanoke, Va. -f f Safe Practices Pamphlets Committee--}. P. WADSWOI tional Railways, Montreal, Quebec; G. M. DEMPv Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad Company, The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, Gram Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad Company, Dm Wabash Railroad Company, St. Louis, Mo. ^Safety Devices Committee--E. E. SEYFARTH (Chai Western Indiana Railroad, Chicago, III.; G. C. STI< EK- lantic Coast Line Railroad Company, Wilmington, r . Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, Richmond, v ' ville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway Company, FORD, The Central Railroad Company of New Ji WILLIAMS, The Pennsylvania Railroad. Philadelp! /i/m and Sound Committee--R. I. GREENFIELD (Chairman), The Canadian Pacific BRailway,,Montreal, Quebec; E. II. BLEWER (Vice-Chairman), New York Central System, New York, N. Y.; R. S. JAMES, Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad* Company, Denver, Colo.; M. A. NUGENT, The Southern Pacific Company, San Fran-, cjsco, Cal.; E. J. FLAHERTY, (.chigh Valley Railroad, New York, N. Y.; J. E.I SLAVEN, Chicago, Burlington ana Quincy Railroad, Chicago, III. ? Safely Instruction Cord and SafelygraphCommittee--J. York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Cornea DtWITT (Vice-Chairman), Northern Tacific Raih J. A. FLETCHER, The Toronto, Hamilton and Bull ..- Ontario; A. j. BENSAIA, Boston ami Maine Ra H. A. LINDERER, St. Louis-San Francisco Railwa Highway-Railway Crossing Committee--C. M. KIMBALL (Chairman) Southern Rail--' way System, Washington, D. C.; *G. VV. ELSTE (Vice-Chairman), The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, Baltimore, Md.; C. T. DeWITT, Northern Pacific Rail way Company, St. Paul, Minn.; E. L. DUGGAN, The Atchisop, Topeka ami Santa Fe Railway Company, Chicago, III.; *R. P. HAMILTON, St. Louis-San Francisco Rail way Company, St. Louis, Mo.; D. E. MUMFORD, New York Central System, New ! Statistics Committee---J. R. TENNEY (Oiarrnian). Company, Hagerstown, Md.; D. C. IRVING (Vi . Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa.; B. A. GRUBBS, Norfotl - Roanoke, Va.; S. D. COULTON, Tim New York, Company, Cleveland, Ohio. York, N. Y.; J. E. SLAVEN, Chicago, Burlington ami Quincy Railroad, Chicago, III.; J. P. WADSWORTH, Canadian National Railways, Montreal, Quebec; J. T. WIL- LIAMS, The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. Trespassing Committee--*W. 11. ROBERTS (Chairms 1 Railway System, Chicago, III.; CAPT. J. R. NUT and Indiana Terminal Railroad Company, Louisville, ern Railway System, Washington, D. G; M. BU. Health Committee--C. II. O'DONNEL, M.D. (Chairman), New York Central System, ' Detroit, Mich. ' Cincinnati, Ohio; IIOMEll CONNOR, The Bal'iui Baltimore, Md.; II. C. DAULTON, Tlic f-oulsvilk Membership Committee--*W. II. ROBERTS (Chairman), Chicago and North Western Louisville, Ky. Railway System^ Chicago, II!.; L. II. PICKRYL (Vice-Chairman), The River Ter*, minal Railway Company, Cleveland, Ohio; L. J. BENSON, The Chicago, Milwaukee, Staff Representative--L. W. DUTTON, National Safely St% Paul and Pacific Railroad. Company, Chicago, III.; FRANK L. WINEGAR, The ' Chicago, South Shore aud-Sotilli Bend Railroad Company, Michigan City, Ind.; F. R. V > -Past General Chairman CALLAHAN, The Pullman Company Chicago, III.; D. P. BROWDER, Richmond Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad Company, Richmond, Va.; W. C. LARAWAY,-j The Delaware and Hudson Rail mad Cor|K>ratiou. Albany, N. Y. ;j Nominations and Elections Committee--*1. R. THEXTON (Chairman), The Delaware, * Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, Hoboken, N, J.; *D. E. MUMFORD (Vice-Chairman), New York Central System, New York, N. Y.; -ROBERT SCOTT, Vi Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Wilmington, N. C.; *W. H. ROBERTS, Chicago and 11 North Western Railway System, Chicago, III.; -II. P. HAMILTON, St. Louij-SaaI Francisco Railway Company, St. Louis, Mo. 1 38 ) JV Officers of the TEXTILE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1751-52 General Chairman--NEIL NELSON, District Engineering Manager, American Mutual Liability Insurance Company, Manchester, N. H. Vice-Chairman for Membership--ROBERT I, BARR, Safety Supervisor, Industrial Rayon Corporation, Painesvillc, Ohio. Membership Associates--LEWIS P. SORRELL, Deputy Commissioner, North Carolina Department of Labor, Raleigh, N. C.; HAROU) F. HAYDEN, Safely Training & Medical Director, Columbian Rope Company, Auburn, N. Y. '^ Secretary--CHARLES L. TROMMER, Chief, Safety Branch, Personnel Department, 'jSj Mohawk Carpet Mills, Amsterdam, N. Y. . News Letter and Publicity Editor--ARTHUR A. KINSMAN, Safety Director, Crown, ^ Manufacturing Company, Pawtucket, R. I. ' '\ Associate Editor--RICHARD G. MORRIS, Robert F. Coleman, Inc., New York City.-" Statistical and Contest Committee--J. W. STEWART, Assistant Manager, Industrial. | Relations Division, Carter Operating Group, J. P. Stevens & Company, Inc., Greens- 5 boro, N. C. J Program Committee--H. S. BAUCOM, Safety Director, North Carolina Industrial Com- 3 mission, Raleigh. N. C. ` .3 Off-the-}ob Committee--FRANCES BETHUNE, R.N., Employers Mutual Liability | Insurance Co., Charlotte, N. C. .% Health Committee--DR. STANLEY SPRAGUE, Medical Director, ) ft P Coats, Inc, Pawtucket, R. I. | Visual Education Committee--JOSEPH A. WINKLER, Assistant Southern Division Manager, American Mutual Liability Insurance Company, Atlanta, Ga. f