Document kev2y374Mex0kw5xNx3mqrvD

From (G13) 99g-3zqgReceive0rder8~ 01874356DP01402240n liNon[17unf18415LO7N25 2001~~ Page 2 of 10 rnau,tdei l:~.ial xoni . 3s~ r>-ss _ . .., . : Rei9ew Article # fr= ` Epiderniolag,,y of Occupational Asbestos-Related Diseases in China Sit! Bong CA[', Chao He Z[IANGT, Ring ZHANG=and Kcnfi MORINAGA'~ F f"a~IX 'iraGmteofAr:upanomlMedicine,ChinexAwJnuyafP[even :6"eMGcine,29KmiWciRoad, Beijing 4lY1(}S0, CftlOq !nuilule of Hygirne, ZIjiaiig Academy of bfedicel Sciences, 6(ITiaq Mu $hnn 55x:4 Hangzhw 310013, China ~Oseka btedictl Center, I-l3 Nakamichi. Higashinui-ku, 537-8511, Osaka. Japan BFrnirzl DccenLer 13 . 2Q90 eiW a^ceprcR FcLruarv /3 . 1001 '' ' Abs7ract : In 19.10s and60s, asbestosis had been y nut]" hWOt harard forasbestos txpuxd workers. In (be late 1970s, lung cancers with or without acLeslo:is xece found among asbestos ycorken. AID cohort studies nn asbesb=_ x'orkcrs and on dmymlilc miners In China showed excess deaths [rim lung cancer. In a large scale of cohort sludp on asbestos workers, asyne[gL<4c effect was found Uc:t .cen cigarette mwking and asbestos ceposure in the production of lung rnncee There have been not so many cases of malignant nicsathclfombs reported, so fir. In the cohort of c4rysolile miners, 4 ixccs of pleural mc~nlheliomn Were observed . !n the large role of cohoci studs an asbestos workers in 9 factoriesusing only chrrwtile only one case ufpleuraE mesolheiinma wasdHCricd for 10 ymrs' ubser1alian. In another 2 cohort studies, 2 case u! peritonrnl mesoliwliamas vvere found, one in $hanghxi xsfics[as factory where a small amount of crocWulile had Lieu sd lu IWi(Is, and one in Anqing asLcstos facturp that xxs lucnted near Iremalite mine . Further study is needed especially forthe and malignant bem words; Aab,%qm.~relnted disea:z.~ Asbesip:is, Long evncer, Pleural plaques, MewUidioma, C'hirtese. cLry"so[ilc i jt1I1'OdlICf10R There are many asbcslo: mines in China . Most of them arc ehrysotile mines, and mined mainly in Sichuan and Xinkang. Sidmxn province, )inztou, Liaoning province, National Conference on Labor Hygiene and Ckcupational Diseases . T'6crcCorq we included thcw abstracts n this review of the epidemiological studies on asbeslcsis, lung cancer, malignant mcsotheliomas, and plturul plaques in China . SIznrai,QinghaipNVincc,Jisn,Jiluprovince andLaiyumn . Hebci province'-1). Asbestos products are the nGCGS5:f1Cs of industrialization, and there are many asbestos factories in Mbps(D515 ~' 4 :? : - China. Helweeo 1960sandearly ROs.asbcs(osspinnin, process had also been done in hnusehcld industries . So, x lot o` puiplcs had beer occupationally rxpuscl to asbestos in Chines and asbestos-reload diseases have rece.mW According totLeNaROUiPnenmoconiosicSurvry,4,289 case at-asheuosix had occurred between 1949 and 1980 . A total u( 2,507 (58.4%) cases were found during 1980 to 1986 . ' incraesed Sunx; important papers wcrc pmscntcd at the Tic tint case of asbestosis in Chine was found in 1954, , 'TU utwm cciiupondaam nLeulJ 4c :.7J~<acd and rtpon<d a[ the first Na(lonal Conference on Labor from (G13) Oceived 06/18/2D01 03 :02PM in 10 .30 on 998-3248 Order # 0187435GOP0140224D line f147 far 40ALSTON * Mon Jun 18 15 :07 :25 Pg 3110 2001 Page 3 of 10 ',! SX CAI c+a! iL61[1 . Prcralcaccnfabcs(osis,lY64-IY~'li Slvdy iya~ti .... . . Fxw : ' ShaghnsatWy(1960) 7innjin'.qZY(INipl Sichuan 9ldimlCnllcge'+~udv(IY6'U) 1Ju HuFrhcn, V00. ;1974) CuFeilir~r,0 41.11982) h:a6iwjuc,ctal. ;1983) flu T:m-plng .etuLU')531 F~u~Chmrquao,naLpH%77 Ii. Yo-shan (199H) LiQ.~~n-IqHiL(1568) %vanC6u.-~J.cqnul .(171b) R'uZt p,-y :,et o1,!1717) LuDx<lsng(1495) ZLou i:ai-hvi, <( n1 . (!fl61 YuanCh :-sh ;n,c[aLf1YY9) lfov.~ahnldindu<vis, ' I h, Floihen.et uLf19791 Shijiaxhu .ng'scwdyfl9Fl, QinXi.n- .ing .naLf1YN?I Manm+n7w,c;,Lf19R51 pirgFi>aCw ;ctA .(t965) W,:(19@7) dlincs S :thumi5v:ilaGmSV :uJ .O0(".Cl ZuuShLqu,noLl198oj .4liiCt(!~"viNAt al . 11983i Fh+vegF5ts-pan,aal,Q9xi7 Gay / Prorirc< .. . . ShunRlu. l'aniin Si::l. Q:nSdai SkinRmi Haabiv R'JAqnurtu R~~dx~n Yanhci SLagMi Ch~y+zn Ae9u :B Jianc7arJl :enEau Chengchua Cl,angUun Qinivdao Shijinalvsng (unknn .r) Y~yuu?Jwjiane Zmii .rg Atqm, Sicluan Laiyu .u 7 :Jyasn+ Guwf.~~~" N.. WOf~tfF 332 7W 3X0 760 /015 205 DR .Y,9 Xi 175 ;213 all 755 ef9 1473 II7R 212 234 I7N " Ind4 jai 1057 1 .27 1V Y? "A^_p :ir snap ~f steam ixornaivq < " \fane(acomou5 bu :IdinE mmcdals No. of "b~7CJl(~549 Prrcalevu: Rcfnscna: 63 EU 111 76 7A3 1[! 97 21 6 45 161 :9 74 ;G? 170 160 7: fi 71 G+ 23 423 Isi 10 1 (V .9) (29 .6) 119 .1 ; 13 .67 1120 .U1 (4.9) f20-5! Q .A1 (2 .9) (2s,7) (13.3) (7.1i (4.5) 2i3) (11 .5) lI53i (7i .0; (14: (60i (7S) (5o) (4o .2) Q2 .6j !52 .61 Q_ll i 3 6,? 9 10 11 11. U 1; is 16 17 18 19 ip 9 21 32 73 ,q 25 8 _( 27 28 Hygiene and Cktunatinna! nv~:ixrs in 1959' ". Anhui province, suburb= of Shijia :huaug and Wuqirtg 1.1 Table L shows thesummaryof the Studicc on dn'.provalynec county, llclrci province, C6ci, Yuyao Nun[ics in Ztiejieng of asbestosis among did! asbustos-ex~oscd workers between pmrincx, and suburban of (jingdao and paliar. cifiec . A IM 1960 and 1999 in China, ofthu-c.iNwbirauts and farmers had been exposedtoasbcstes . fn 1950s and GOs, luRli prevalence of this Pneurnoooniosis was rr;x+RC6. In those days, the woiLicgenviron.:icnn were Shijiaxhuang Institute of Occupational Medicine reported that !he asbestm Just concentration in n housc6old was59 .5 nor good for health, end effective personal p:e(c ::livc mg!m', which was 28 . : times higher than the National equi?mentF were seldom used . For elta :optc, the level of standard expoSU'e Ievetv' . The working time ranged from -1 asbntardust concentration in nn mbestos factory located is 10 m 12 hours. Not only the workers themselves, but also Tisojincty, nuiKcd tmm R I A to 11 .5 .0 mg/ml in the. fibeid2ing and carding prooczs, and ?U.8 to 32 .9 mg/m3 in the spinning prou_ss" . 1U IcNel oCan aibnees mine in Sichuan proNinte, caugcC from 130.0 l0 2,9A1.0 mg/ml in die mining proc ;xs, the inhabitants; in the home other than the worice:s had alto been caposcd w a.sbestos Among tic 212 fYtuaLe exaniinas. 72 (34 .09n) were found In have [he findings or asbestosis (category 1; 59, category 2; l3). and from 55 .5 to 395.4 mg/p1' ill Vac xrrcIuug prsUczss"i . FiberizJog asbestos process had been done iv x small As the working conditions improved with the Irrogress ofdust control, theprevalen:ofthis diuasccocrcavodlkmn workshop and household induury in the suburban.-of Anqiny., xfox I98ft The majoriry4the studies shooed its prCValexE EN, Indurttd0 11eaWS'711111, 39 .75-63 Received 06!18/2001 03 :02PM in 10 :30 on line [14] for GOALSTON Pg 4/10 From (G13) 998-3248 Order # 0287435GUP01402240 Mon Jun 18 15 :07 :25 2001 Page 4 of 10 u!. ng ng lot ed !.5 ,a( Sr, is SS z ea ASBESTOS-RI:LATGD DISEASES IN CHINA 17nIC 2 Precakrta n(long cancec (LC) io esbesauu Study (year) Cit y !~ Pio" ineo 7`u f ,~,sAestas is N,,- or LC F t~orlea J .-` WuZAi-NnnQU979) .. CTanRchcn " 1Z (L( .7) 30 ibofzauiveSm7YGra'C(I98E) 9ddee '87 Id (Ib .t) 31 ChrnLi-7-ain- cc aLfl9881 Slnnpl,,d "53 72 (22 .E) 3: 7Aaay ffui-bi ..As .1 . (199 1) Helical 36 .2 (5 .6) 33 Zhe~Atra,aal,(19921 aa[imaiEe 1B 21 (26.9) 34 J1iaHvi-lunttsl_(7997) Aeities "I0 S: (22 .3) 33 .. Wu .Yhmg-yq<Id .(1?97) A^4^ 29 1 (3 .]) is `i. CtuasL :qetai.(14V9) C6u:achun 'H! 11 (.F38) 211 Mmes (bope'a[i "'cJ1edy Grout, (19961 4 pruviacex " 2? - (17 .4 ; )7 7nuGi+~u,et a1 .1198U1 LBiywuMcbci 159 6 (9 .9 ; 27 ' W q7yi-wing, et nl (1 W I) Si<huac 38 13 (14 .8) 36 '~kelhu-1 . "" xsropsiclcaaa. 77 Tab43 . PnnlenccofvlcacylPlxv-IPP)fuubcMmu Smdyf~ur) C;q :Prndoce Nest Wan4MaP1ua,ual.(19791 Gsl .in .a al .i1957) %%'a+gUnF-:en.etal .fl5E7i SS : Yi-pinC. ctd . U'7511 Wu7Lmg.yn,cfel .114931 Ry~~p %ii-jca ev al. (]99;) Siiangiui SuiAiua,ZL :njimE.y,njiag Q,ong9i^F He". An9InC Q,nr,lAe 93 737 44 IS 18 107 No . of PP )9 'fi ]G 15 7 :1 SU r.01 13 . : 58.0 55.1 IOG.O 34.2 4(.? Ni'vc~ec 3F 39 40 II IR 42 we cc less than IOSO . Them was a spu:iKi reason why the pccvalence was very high among the workers in e repair shop ofsxam lowmotSves . Li Wen-Jun cr al . described that the repair of the. Meant, locomotives had high expuautc m nsbcstas"=. Workers removed the as6cctos insuiationu of the hnilers, screeated, and [cased thug Since 1963 . a block of used asbestos insulations were crushed, selected and trdmsportcd to the repair mop. Wakcrs ware cxposal for 3 to 4lKxusevayday. The ax6rsrns dust counowEration showed about 100 melm' on avenge, and reached up [o 400 mg/m'. The health surety nn these workers in 1982 revealed 10 as6caosis(caugnry t; 7, catcgay" 2;3) among l9emyloy" ces. Recently, Wang J!ng er al. showed high surevaleacc of asbestosis among 429 Wales (230 males and 199 females) in aBeijing asbestos factory'" . One Ituudccd and fiftydircA, workers were diagnosed as category i of avbesto,irc; 23 ac category 2, and 2 us category 3. Thdr exposure duradon Vu 26 .5 (3. .1q) years on zverage, and their mean age a[ the onsz! wax 61 .2 (4"0-84) years o1 .1 'Me main Complual~l dizeactc with ESbesiObrc were lung ounce:. malignant mcsutheliom:u, pleural plaques, and pulmonary iubecculmis . Ibe first case of lung cancer with asbestosis was reported in Iy7X9' . Among f2 death cases of asbcslosis in Changchun city, 5 were found to he complicated with 9. lung cancers, 2 live cancers. and I esephag:.a! cancer. The rnaoplicativn rate, of long cancer in asbestosis ranged from 3.5 to 26 .9% (Table 2) . The relationship between asbestasis and mesothelioma will be mentioned lacer. In 1979,3 studies on pleura! plaques in asbestosis we" re.~u~~du::,u;. WangMaohuaeiaCtrnmd38caaesofpkuml plaques in 88 esbestbsis'R. Ixtcnt period from the first exposure to the nppoa-mx of pleural plaques was 16 Years on avenge., and 32 oaks appeared the radiological fluding-S of plarsl plaques, then afulr asbestosis, The complication race of pleural plaques in asbestosis renged from 34.2 to IDO~~ (Cable 3) . According W the National Pnc:ucKcon[osiz Survey, 4,289 cases of asbestosis were Sound all over 16c woolly VICIwan 1944 and 1986 . The complication rate of pulmonary From (G13) Received Ob/l8/2001 03 :02PM in 10 :30 on 998-3248 Order # 0187435GDP0140224D line 1141 for 40ALSTON - Pg 5/10 Mon Jun 18 15 :07 :25 2001 Page 5 of 10 sx CAI et a!, rubc7cvkisis was R.9;c (catrgrny 1 ; 91%, category 2; 6.69u . categoy i; 6.5%)'). Xuan Chvn-shan et al. conducted a mortality study on ASI7CSIQSIS between 1948 and 1995"' . In m Chnryrt;hun xs6c5MS plant Gfilleuand Canadian chz:aniie was used as raw mau:riuLs. Between 196? and 1995, 1,477 workers werc examined for chest X-ray, aid 170 casuw of asbestosis were found. No cue of aclx:stosis has oxurmd On wfkcrs whohad rnyaged after 1970 . Among them, 60 were found to be dead . 'Me leading cause of deaths was as~)catosis ( 12), the second was Iwng cancer (111, and tire third was pulmonary tuberculosis (J). Lung Cancer ii wa_< :n 1978 they 3 cases of lung cancer among ashestos workers for 27 yea"' observation in Qirgdxo city wars rt'poiue3''. The du ..-aticm u! their npoaure to astKStos was 3, 8, and 7 years respectively. "CLe next you, Wang Minggui et rd, found 3 au :opvec cases of lung cancer atuong 4 astxstoz workers who had not been diagnosed as clinical asbcaosis before rhea deaths'. Ztang Zhi ej l. rcpoted Or dcr2is on 1! cases of lung rnn;a a (7iongyi,g ashestas factory"`. '!en cases were males, who wero all smokers, and one was tamale who was never smokes Among I1 cases. on .y 4 cases had been diagnoses as category 1 of 15bsrosix tadiologically lxfom their Aralli Crjm lung canes:. i .i ling-xiln et al. nn ;,lyzed 59 lung cancer Cases (5 : males, ?. females} in liozhou dhqx,filc nuns"'. Thiny- :even cax:s (G l .7 rc) wcn; found in the ceitral, and 22 (373%? were in paripheral . The mean death cage was 70 years old . Cuo[x:ra[ivc StudyGroupcm Asbestos-rclatW Occupatiorai Cancer collected and analyzed 134 cues of lung cancer in asbestos czu1sc7 w-(ken"). eighty-nine cases (68 males, 21 fannies) wen. factory workers and 45 were miners (males only). 1{isrological subg :out oC41 lung cancers were IG squzmous cc',] esrcicmma, 12 urdilferen:ixled carcinoma, 9 xdenucarcinome, one alveolar self carcinoma, and 3 m~nhelioms . 1Le latency from the first asbestos exposure Ie !he appearance of lung poses (including mewthelirnnos) was 23 .9 yr.,vs fir (acicm workers and 25,4 years for mines the mean age Who diagnosis was 56 .6 {males 58 .4, tamales ,51 .0) and 57 .7 r.espectively !1Taligoant Mesothcliomas In 1979, Zlwng Zhi e! a;. reported m auWpsicd sass of malignant pleural mcsolhclioma with category 1 of nsfxslosis""4" 1. He had been working in an asbestos factory !car 14 yca7 and in vi utx:xua slats industry for 8 yeah . In ~aiyuan cirysnfile. min, 4 uork.er~ wee u~spa:lcd W have mesotheliomas 6aaedon chrstR-rny findings"'. Among ahem. one case was ascercvneG based on me pabtulne ca! examination after lug duuh . Zm Shi-yu et aL repored Ih:cc czes of those naliPiwicirs u:lun8 UtiYuui aixaars min:ati in their whM'"'. Including those three comes, Cooperative Study Group an Asbestos -rdawd Occupational Cancer collected 7 cases (6 males, I female) of mesodheAiomas is asbestos eacposaJ workers''. Theirractui exposure duration was 213 years, and mean latent period was 28 .8 years. ZLen Lhi-ran of al. reported 7 eras of malignant meso(h ::Gamas ;6 pleura, 1 pxaiWnerl} among ?R aumpsiW cases with avbc5(pg15u'. It was in 1993 shat Wit 7.hong"ya or al. rc(nintd the fun case of malignant peritoneal tn,sutheGoma among 1 : I workers in an Anqing asbestos factory"'. tic had been working for ?4 years. Pa ;hologiral examinutinr. wa; done and asbestos was detected in his peritoneum as ?A.7 x 10` fl6cix/g G;sue by JC \Vngcer. NGiuly chrysoufe :vas found. but a small amount of tremou4-. suns alw dreaded. There Was e Ganoti.c mine near Anqing city,Anhui au~ww, and thu.e fst9op" might use this type of asbesfos''. Pleural Plaques Neny \1ine-gji er a!. reported 7uu :op:ieai cases of zsbeuos u'orktts'. f3efoec theu death, only cans cast was diagrascd a` category 1 oCa+brsw : is, said other E were not di :.gnoscd as aciKVOti :, butS w,7e found to {cave pleural plaques based on the client X-ray. Autopsy revealed all cases kind pleural plagues, Yu Xi-ping elVl. reported 285 tans of pleural plaques among 956 workers in R asbestos Factorics who had been working for mote than one year'^. Sun long-da e: a(. examines the shoat X my on 126 workers and their I 8f faioilics in Iwusehuld industries and found 3 cases of ptewsl plaques (2 among workers: and one among their fanuily)">. The concentration of asix;stos fiber was rumored in the working environment, dining room . arid bedroom. It ranged from 0.039 fibcdec in 0.83, 0.014 m 0366 . and OAl to 0.65: respectively. Doug Yonet at reported 33 ra.~rs with pleural plaques among5t8Eouadryxroike:,s'). Chrysotilc asbestos cloth was used roc coremaking . Ac the demolition of core box, sand war contaminated with asbestos. Sand was reuscd several camas, so the working environment was also cumeiiiinatcd with asbestos . The average working period was 30 .8 years ranging 22 to 42. Wang Zhi-da ci at also re(wAcG 32 cases with pleural plaques among another 237: roundlyworkcisi", llsfxevxicnceoipleural plaquesamong asbestos warkers ranged from 1.3 to 29 x% nahio a) . IMustdal Hwlth 2W] . 39 .75-Si? From (G13) Received 06/78/2007 03 :02PN in 10 :30 an 998-3248 Order # 0187435GDP0140224D line C147 for 4DALSTON " Mon Jun 18 15 :07 :25 P9 6/10 2001 Page G of 10 :., .ppJpEMIOLOGl OF ASBESTOS RELATED DISEASES M CHINA 79 7a61c I. Prcrdentt of pleurd pWquo jPP; ~moag abeetw vmrAera al U SwdylY<sl City 1Province W. of WaAca, No . o! PP ~~) ~cfRtnce 4S Yu Xi-pins, at sl. (1983) Henw 956 285 ' 29 .8 . Sl ve SucTwng-J ;cNL(1992) Ciu `i :1 4 ] 52 Don Yan,etal .(1996) Slrcuywg ' "51d 3"s 6.4 SJ in Wang Zh1-0a,e:c1.11996i SLcnyeug ""133 3? 17.4 54 Morioeya CG 7tanE King (194E) Gxi "795 IU 1 .3 55 m K'aagliog,elel.(19Y) OeiJing 429 127 29.6 21 n[ 'f?snd-s~xin woAcery, "" F"puMy workers u Cohort Studies the Production of lung c:uu:c.. A totalof 160 male and 370 female workers in Qirgdao were followed up Ii :! the end of In 1982, national project team sta:tcd to conduce a 1594" 01 . Anwug 113 deaths, 9 (3 malcs.6 fcmalc;) were re nationwide retrospccuve cohort study on 9,950 asbcctos workers in 9 factories ::nd ti,198 mines in 5 asbestos lung cancers- CCSShfRwas$,p9farmaks,fi .R2fnrfema(r:. Amwng 9 trios of lung c-nter, S were serokers and 5 were ~mines"~!". ~linexsbcsrosfa:anicswr[elocatedin[3eijin6, non smokers. Malignant mesotheli<oma was not yet found. ji4ChanS4hiS.Sf~Yang.Qingdao,Chnngchun .llacrbin, Follow-up c1 theasbcs:os workersof two factories in Sichuan .d htudaniiang, and Shangq:u . .a total of 10,095 wmAers who had lxen eugagcd for more than one year, was selected and way extended up to theend of 1998 and 22 lung carloer deaths were found, bulnomesothdioma wys fount"'. Tahle 5 shcwe 9,950 subjects were aseeneincC for follow-up. The lose of the summery of she cobor, studies on asbestos exposed 'fellow-up was 1 .4'30 . Total peTson-yents were 34,587 for workers in China. metesand 27,754 for fcntnlcs. From the beginning uClanuury Apart (,om the Cooperative Study, 7,hang Hui-bin et al. i972 Ic the end of 19R I, 32G (males 260, fcmala fb)wece studied a reuapative n+h<mt amroey on 323 asbestos wori lers fomxl .u b:: <a1. As :ur lung cancer, 72 were malts and 10 - were females. I.cng c-utter SMR was 2.79 for males and ' 4.79 for frmalcs baud on the lint itics' cancer monu8ty for at lust one year in two Henan facbriesml Their main products were powder, yam. cord, paper, and cloth of asbestos . Raw csbcsWS used was chrysotilc Cam Sichuan statistics (1973-1475). Only one male case of pleural and.Qingliptoviuccs . The wncuiUalion of acbcstos dust mcsot6clicma *,as found in Cborgqkng factory in die working encironmrnt had been up to I8 .5-35.8 mg/ Five. asMstns menu were located in CpaoVang. Laiyuan. ~ Imz6ou,Xinkang,andSichuanW . Thesewere, all chrysotile m` before 1969. Prom 1972 to 1988,98.5% wac followed up, and 18 tenths were found. 5M2 Cx allcti:cef (12deaft) ~ . mhos. All miner; who had been engaged for more than ax year wow entertained end 6 .196 were lot [owed up for was 1 .12 and forlung ounce:was 2U .9r7 (S deaths) caupvr-0 with the local general population . ttiesansl0ye+nls .Total person-ywrsweress :nxtar males Zliou Kui-hue et al. observed 123 deaths among 669 - and d,~.5R for females, Orly 0.85'k. (S l ; wax knt of follow- asbestos workers, (457 maes: 212 frioales)in a Changehun up. end 253 (malts 240, females 13) deaths were found. factory from 197210 1995'"'. Lung cancer SMR was 239 _. The number of lung cancer death was 21 for meets and 2 for females. Lung cancer S\SR for male ; was 3.46 based on menational wncermortality uavstics(1973-1475).'Ihaz - cases wise attributed as causeof death Gom malignant pleural (21 deaths) for malt, and 5.78 (3 deaths) for females. Expected death from lung cencxr was caimlated based on the ChangcLun gcfxml pcpulaGon in i99> . Nn case of mesotheliama was found yet. i 93~1 : :'` mcwthe;iomax. All teas had been wodcng in laiyuan citrysofik mine and notin any other mixc-'1 4x1&ls). Further Amonaliip study wastamed our among asbestos workers in a Shenyazg asbestos macerizl"l '!he cohort included 528 i Syren fallow-upsWdy :tvcalafonecascoCmcso9iplioma in Sichuan chry:sotile m.ine"' male end 349 female workers and followed between 1972 and 1996. Significant excess were obostivodfor all careens, 3 The prospective cohort study on wor4cs in & factories was ezicnArA (or 5 years as id Use [waifs were publixhed is lung cancer, ischemic heart dizeuzs, and pneumoconiosix in malt wculcr .. Lung cancer SMR for maIrs; was 2.13 English c]scxhem"~ Their data also showed a synergisdo (954-oCl : t.3%-3.14), fixpodfd number wall cxkulatcd feud efface between asbesa cxpusun-, mid ugaieUZ snlokuiF in on feet Shcnyan city's mortality statistics- This dmn suggests Received 06/18/2001 OS :02PM in 10 :30 an line C541 for 40ALSTON ` P9 7/10 from (G13) 998-3248 Order # 0187435GDP01402240 Mon Jun 18 15 :07 :25 2001 Page 7 of 1Q 80 SX CAIerof. ieblc3. Coherestudies nfuheatraexpacedwot3:eralnChtns Emdyjvmi) Oburrauun tYtiaA .4lca Nu.uf Sublccts Lmg Cunccr . No. SNR IRlt ; h{.olheiomu No . o(deslh Fucw n CapcraCVeSmdyGroupQSYG,Y61 Ch . Li,iuyn,at d .(19911 Waag2hi~han&,ctal .(2{q0) Tang Hui~Mn, a AL (799`) 7JmFIw-Ian,Wwq;Zdi-ming(199a) Zhou gai-hu,etV .(1996) 7.hanF 7.hon[4tto, e[ al . (19J'.) 7nknMshi K, cl Al. ;1998) weo8 " at croaoi nruirs Cunxruivc Study Graip (1986, 96) Qi Yme-eul, a al . (1968) Wa :T !L i-minF " tt a: . f 1 947 79-.2-8i 19iR. .g$ 9<itics $Wagluik 1999-95 S?mnghaih 1972-FA 19-124f l9%2-SS Iknau 8cH'ss QhenBchuo iY?-Ya 1912-9P io;zvx p;nCOsa Shenyuan swnva~ 7912-4I 1972.-31 79"ip.-K7 4p:rninze+ CW"yenQ Sichuan 5950 M275 N269 Rf-275 F:269 329 5693 1,1457 F21 .' h1 :150 F :370 877 MS15 42 637 14 2.7A 4 1 .7.1 33 (7 .7) 4 (2.6) 5 20.77 67 (6.27 21 2.39 7 1 .78 7 5.09 F 6 .82 25 273 22 632 6108 "t1 " .146 646 737 /47o 13 5 .72 1 0 1 1 NA NA 0 0 0 7 NA NA 3 0 1 M : Male, . F: frmalcs, RA : Rzleire Ri,l~ NA : NM M" ailahle . ' A7:1cs oNy, Y the +wnc coh~ . Refcrcnx 71,38 62 67 64 33 l9 6: .67 65 6$ 31,58 37 35 that smoking. and esbe%toss have an additive effect on lung cancer mortality. The risk of lung cancer for females w&q also elevnle, :, Lul not sWlis:icelle signi :9can[ ((igurc nor .shown) . Cleeu Liyuan rt ul . and Wang 7tti-hvnK cr al. eoadcLYed n retrospective cehore vludy nn 551 Shanghai asbestos workcrx"6h . Only 1.2% (7 workers) of the CoWrl was lost in fnlinw-rep . A tnlTl n! I OA (79 malts 79 Rmalrs) ~rx:i" r cans wee observed among 544 suhiccls (275 males, 269 females) buwocn 1959 and 1`YrYS . Relative risk of lung cancer !K males was 7.7 (34) and 2.6 (4) for females based on the wu :a incidence of SLanglmi belweni 1972 and 1994 . One male case of peritoneal mesotLelioma and one Dmade cage of pleural mu-sothci :oma were found among Olds cohort. In 19GOt, r small amount of osoclAolhe had been aced here . Conclusion In China, dyxrtilc has been urinal and used widely, In 1950s and 6fis, asbestosis had been a major health hazard far asbestos exposed anrkcrx, As die working qrndiGnn> iay>ruccd with the progress of dust wricaroL the prevalence of this Aiscascdccrtascd after 1990.9 . In 1978, Ow fiat eau of lung cancer a" iln, a<hex~osit was reponr,A in chill, A national project '.cnm sunned to conduct e large scrtlc of retrospective couon study on asbestos workers in 9 astkstos fa: ;torics end on ctuysotile miners in 5mines who had worked 6x :it Iwxt fine year . Excess dwtns from lung cicricer were dcmunx7ralrd in both asbcs;us warkerz aid mince. A s}'nergistic efTttl Was ooWrveA bz :ween cigarettes smoking and zsbcs(os exposure in respect :o risk of lung cancer. Purthcr 5 years' (allow-up study on ashettas workers who had engaged in 8 of 9 above `acloriu and ell other cohort studies on ashrtilns exrxxeci wnrkpa in China shored excess rink of lung cancer. It is noteworthy that fer+udc asbestos workers had also high risk of lung cncer, because the percentage o: smokcrt in Chinese female workers is low There have been not so many cases of malignant mcsahcliomaa rcponcd, so far. In tae large scale of 9.950 asbestos workers in 9 cities for :0 yeas' o6seration, only onecase ofpleuralmcscr_hclioma wasdet<qcd. In the cohort of miners in 5 cAtystiiile .mincs, 3 cases of filzurad mcsochelioroas were observed for 10 yeas' obsenetioo,but these were only in L,2271ailvan miners . Onecase of pleiaal meso!helioma was found in 1,370 Sichuan chryscitile miners during IS years' observation. Two cases of peritoneal iresdl~dioma5 watt reported, one in Shanghai factory, and one in Aiping factory. Shanghai asbestos factory had been lard a xmal! amnnol of~ftiA~li[? in IQGOs. Anqmg aSMskn factory was locelcd sscartremolitc mine. . Amphilwic asbcszos was also mined in (:hina. arid those types of itsbestoa had IMvstriN Health 2001 . 79.75-83 From (G13) Received 06/182001 03 :02PM in 70 :30 an 998-32A8 Order N 0187435GDPD1402240 line (747 for 40ALSTON ' Mon 7un 18 15 :07 :25 Pg 8/10 2001 Page 8 of 10 at. vA re A er. ho mi ins ,Ilwf " ni Sn Jy Jrt ra) ql rat ca! .nd en l~+' to, .ad 91 EpIDGM10LOGY nFASBGS'fY)S RQ.I.ATTA DISEASES D\T CHINA RI en used in local a :ta. analyse of 21 E ueavs wiUia,%Ucstnsis . Abstrxts of 2nd At present, there we no Mesotheliomas Panels in China. National Conference on Labor Hygiene And examination . especially postmortem, on the Occupational Diseases, 183, Society of Occupational `weis of cancer had notrto well dcne in China, And there. Medicine, China Medical Association, Changsha ht be missing the chance of diagnosing this rare lU) Lu P Zharg L, Wit M, S'u S, Gong 7., Cheu T; Lu Z gnsncy-" ^~ Butwith thedcvc:opmrnlotthexonumicy (1982) Asbestosis: in a factory of" Shanghai . Chin J procedure has been done more frequently nowadays . Prey Mod 16, 163-5 . her research is needed especially for mesodaellornas, 11) Ma H (1983) Savoy of ubcstosis in a Haubin asbestos mse most of asbestos mined and used in China ix factory. Abstracts of 3rd National Contenence of [zMu Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, 32, Chine Medical Association . Hangzhua . 12) Hit l, Ji K, Jieng G (1983) DDose-resporise relationship - i ) -La 7., 2hu S (1987) Chrywtik asFx:,trs.ln: In&asuid liziween ashesun exposure and aslizscosi&Abstracts of 3rd National Conference on Labor Hygiene and minerals and twits in China. ul. by Tan V:, Col. 1,354- Occupational Disrxs. 33,China Medical Assoc:e'ucn, 92 . 7io-Hue Press, Beijing. Hangchou . ` 2) 'J.hu Z, Fan L, Litng W (1956) A study on serest kinds of asbestos mineral. in China. Minerals Rocks 6 (4).1-467 . 13) Huangg I. 7iang D, Client Z, Poi H, Zhuang S (1997) Dose-resp,nse study on work= expose -to chry"ile in an Asbestos paper mill . 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Chin I Ind Mcd 12, 45-7 . 21) Shijiazhuan5 Institute of Preventive Occupational Diseases ( 1933) Asbestosis among land-spun workers :n S~~~jiezhuang.Abstracts of 3rd National ConfrMflCC tin Labor Hygiene and Oeeupa4on-1 Die:easeF . 3c'-5, From (G13) Received 06/18/2001 03 :OZPM in 70 :30 on line 1141 for 40ALSTON " Pg 9/70 998-3248 Order # 0187435GDP01402240 Mop Jun 18 15 :07 :25 2001 Page 9 of 10 Rr 1 SK CAI er d. China Medical Association, Hangzlou . Qin X ( 1983) AsMaWais anwug fatmus . Absvaas n! 3rd National Confcwncc on Labor Hygiene and OGwratiunal Discaics, 35,China Mcd:eaf Association . Hangzhou . Mao G Xu W. Chm 7. (1985) Aslxstacis among hand spun asbestos wrnken. 7 Labour Ivied 2 (d), 1-3, Ding X, 1 .u S, Ni W {I9BSj Analysis oCdhest X-rah findings v 1886 as6cstos worYusJ Labour Med 2 (4). 11-2 . R'u Z. 4ia 6, Yang S, Li B, Line, I. Li X; I..i X, Wang X, Wang H(19K7) Prevalence ofxcbestocivamong women worker in aural asbesees Icx:ife mill . Occup Mad 14 (2),7-8 . 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