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798 Annals New York Academy of Sciences the critical size range Is in excels of 8-IOsi. Further work with the animat model will be neccssery to determine whether short fibers below 5 ji in length are completely innocuous or only relatively so. References 1. Gardner. L, V. 1942. Chrysstilc asbestos as an indicator of subtile difTc/tncci in animal tlsim. Am. Rer. Tuberc. 43: 762. / 2. Vorwald, A, J,, T, M, DURKan A P. C. Pratt. 1951. Experimental Kudlcsof ubestosU. A.W.A. Arch, Ind. Hyg. Ote, Med. 3:1-43. / 3. HOLT, P. F-. J. Mills & D. K. Youno. 1964. The early efTceii ol/hrywtlle esbettoi dost on ihe rat lung, 3 Pathol, Bacterlol. *7: 15-23. / 4. Gross, P. A R. T. P, Os Trbville. 1967. ExperlmenUl/aibesKMli stidies on the pro(re>iivene*s of the pulnonary (Ibrosis caused by chryioiilc dun. Arch. Environ Health 15:638-649. / }. Gross, P,, R. T. P. De Tremlle, E. B. Tolkbr, M. KaJchak St M, A. Basyak. 1967 Experimental otbeatoeii. The development of lung etneer In rati with pulmonary depend! of chrysolite asbutos dim. Arch. Environ. Health 151343-355 6. Rbevbs, A. C.. hi. E. PliRO, ft. G. Smith & A. J. Vorwald. 1974. Experimental aibeslot carcinogenesis. Environ, Res. 4: 496-5II. / 7. Wachrr, j. C,, G. Berrv, J. W. Skidmore &/Y. Timbrell. 1974. The effects of tht inhalation of aibeatot in rats. Br. J. Concor Vf'- 251-269. 8. Dave, J. M. G..S. T. Beckot, R. E. Bolton; P. Cdllings A a. P, Middleton, 1978. The importance of fibre miss and fibre number in the pathogenesis of asbestos related disease In ran. Bril. J. Career 37t 678-688. 9. WaCher. 3. C. 1963. Aabes-.osis in experimental an'mala. Br. 3. Indusl. Med. 20s .1-12. 10. Hotr, P, F., J. Mills A D. K. Y0UN0y1965, Expeilmentat asbestosii with four types ef fibers. Importance of small partleles./Ann. N.Y, Acad. Sci. 131; 87-97. 11. Botham, S, K. A P. F. Holt. 1972. The efleem of Inhaled crocidolltes from Transvaal and North West Cape mine* on the/lungi of rata and guinea-pigs. Br. J. Exp. Patho. 53t6l2-620. / 12. Lynch, K. M,, F. A. McIver A/. R. Cain, 1957. Mmonary tumours In mice exposed to aiteitos dull. A.M.A. Ardi. md. Health Ifil 207-1(4, 13. Wekher, A. P,, R. H. Busch/R. J, Oouon a 0. K. Craio. 1575. Chronic inhalation tf asbestos and cigarette smoke by hamsters. Envlroo: Research 1th 368-383. 14. Wewter, (. 1969. The Pathogenesis of Asbestosii. it Pneumoconiosis. Proceedings of the Internationxl Conference'. Johannesburg. 1969. H. Shapiro, Ed. Oxford University Preu, 1970. pp. 117-119. / 15. Davis. J. M. 0. I97j0. Further obiervatlom on the ultraitncture and chemistry of foimation of aibeslts bodies. Exp. Mol. Pathol. Ill 346-352. 16. Davis, J. M. G. Kjf. GROSS. 1972. Are ferruginoui bodies an Indication o'atmospheric pollution by aibcsio*. In: The biolugicsl cITeets olasbestos. IA.R.C Scientific publico- (lon No. 8: 231V242. 17. Smith, W. E,,i. D. Hubeit, L. Miller, M. S. Badollet A I. Churo, 1368. Teats lot liraboId Icyth of carcinogenicity of asbestos. In Biulogische Wlrkungcn da Asbest*. International Conference, Dresden. Deutsches Zentraiinstilul Air Arbeitimcdizin. Berlin, pp. 240-242 (19683. 18. Stanton/m. ?. A C. Wrench. 1972. Mechanitmi of Mesothelioma tiducllon with Aibaioa and Fibrous Glass. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 45tt 797-H21. 19. W/tohTOl, J. C..G. BttRRV a V. Timpkull 1973. Mesothcllomala In mis after inoculation with'osbeslos and other minerals. Br. J. Cancer 28: 173--185. 20. Smth, W. E., D. D. Hubert A M. S, Badollet. 1972. Blologleal dilTerentes in respome to long and short asbestos libra. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 33! A162. 21. Stanton, M. F., M. Lavard, a. Tegeris, E. Miller, M. May A E. Kent. 1911. Carcinogenicity of fibrous glass. I. Nat. Cancer Inil. 58r 587-603. Appendix NSC's Mhett^i- Press. .Sunday, June 25, 1978 THE ENVIRONMENT. HOW CANCEROUS? Produced by Bmv Coi.it Di'kfrt Guests: Dr. (rVinq J. Sei.ikcff, Director, Environmental Selectees Laboratory, Mount Sinai Scnool of McJjcinc Dr. ARTHUR C". Upton, Dircctut, National Cancer Institute Dr. Paul Kotin, Senior Vice President, Jitlms-Manvllie Corporation Dr.Sidney M. Woi.re, Directot, Health Research Qroup Dr. Donald Kennedy, Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration Mr. Anthony Mazzocchi, Vice President. Oil. Chemical & Atomic Workers' international Union Moderator and Executive Producer: Bill Monroe--NliC News Panel; Lawrenc; E. Sfival--NBC Nows Daniel Greenberg--National Columnist Barbara Yunckkr --New York Post Robert Bazell- NBC News MR. MONRoe: MELT THE PRESS originates today from New York City, where the New York Academy of Sciences has jusl begun a week-long conference on environmental health hazards. Each year, mere Americans die of cancer than 'he year before. Tnc expected death loll this year, almost 400,000. Wc have bed warnings about cigarettes, saccharin, asbestos, about nitriles in bacon, even about hamburgers when they are fried, concern about cancer-causing agents in the air we breathe and she water we drink. Our guesti today are experts on various phases of the threat wc face from environmental cancer. Mr. Spivak: Dr. KclikotT. according in reports, cancer has become the prirnury health concern of the Atucricnn people, and the fear of cancer hits taken on epidemic proportions. How justified do you consider this fear ' Is there an epidemic? Dr. SELIKOFF: Welt, if you consider that twenty percent of all Americans now living are going to die of cancer unless we can do something about :l, I think that is a fairly justified fear. MR. Spiv/.k: Dr. Upton, do you consider t hat an epidemic? Dr. Upton: I don't think that the incidence is epidemic ir the usual sense, although it is common. There have been remarkable increases in certain farms of career, especially cunecr of the lung and those forms of cancer associate with cigarette smoking. Ironically, the incidence of stomach cancer has come down remarkably in recent years. If we look at the overall incidence, there is sotnc drill upward which cannot bs attributed unlircly id cigarettes, but I wouldn't say it has become epidemic. 7'W