Document kad0Z4gg006knJ9VQKbnMnNay

PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #1 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 05, 2023 12:35:54 PM Wednesday, July 05, 2023 12:43:37 PM 00:07:43 59.185.236.55 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country barc india Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Drinking Water Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 100 KLD Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): permioics HF Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership) 1 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Not important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Hazardous waste incineration, Other (please specify): AOP Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber 2 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility arriving at feasibility further Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? relatively low TDS Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quantity Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers we are planning to reschedule 3 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #2 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 05, 2023 1:11:28 PM Wednesday, July 05, 2023 1:29:16 PM 00:17:47 27.114.151.67 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Crossflow Solutions India Ashutosh Gopal @crossflowsolution.com Supply of Drinking Water, Supply of Industrial Process Water, Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for discharge to the environment Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse, Supply of Water for Industrial Applications Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 60KLD to 70 MLD Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). Less than One Year, 1-5 Years 4 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Asahi Kasei Corporation UNA620A Hollow fiber Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes , Higher fluxes, Operation Cost (OPEX), Service Life, Fouling Resistant, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Somewhat important Critical Critical Important Critical Critical Critical Important Important Somewhat important Important Important Important Important Important Important Critical Important 5 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Sludge generation & disposal due to chemical pretreatment for drinking water treatment plant. Very less awareness about PFAS in developing countries & its impact on health of human & as well as irrigation. Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Microfiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Ceramic Membranes Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility PVDF- MF is a better option due to its higher flux and membrane resistivity towards aggressive chemicals for cleaning. Their life cycle cost is very low. Cermaic membranes are also excellent performer but have major issue of logistics & handling. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Lower Life cycle cost with consistent performance with reliability in output quality & quantity. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quantity Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Additional costs for your supply chain, Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater 6 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers They may shift to conventional water treatment technologies, which are simpler and cost effective with quality issue. 7 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #3 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 05, 2023 2:39:51 PM Wednesday, July 05, 2023 2:44:54 PM 00:05:03 5.224.209.101 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Alejandro Sturniolo Ferrer Spain Alejandro Sturniolo @gmail.com Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? Alicante (Alacant) Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). More than 20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Dupont, Toray, LG hollow fiber 8 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Capital Cost (CAPEX), Operation Cost (OPEX), Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. , Footprint Constraints, Service Life, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Fouling Resistant, Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Critical Critical Critical Critical Critical Critical Critical Important Important Not important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Critical Critical Critical Critical 9 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Hazardous landfill Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Microfiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Microfiltration Membrane - Dlat Sheet, Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Ultrafiltration Membrane - Flat Sheet, Ceramic Membranes, Another Alternative Membrane, Another Alternative Technology Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility there is no replacement Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? yes Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs 10 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Additional transport costs, Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater, Disruption in downstream supply chain (profit loss) Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers We will not reach the SDGs GOALS 11 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #4 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 05, 2023 3:42:31 PM Wednesday, July 05, 2023 4:11:04 PM 00:28:33 206.172.239.163 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) H2O Innovation CANADA, USA, SPAIN, FRANCE, UK, CHILE Guillaume @h2oinnovation.com 12 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Drinking Water, Supply of Industrial Process Water, Supply of Water for Food and Beverages, Supply of Water for Agricultural Applications (Crops), Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for discharge to the environment , Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Potable Water - Direct Use , Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Potable Water - Indirect Use , Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse, Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water discharge to the environment , Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water for Reuse, Supply of Water for Industrial Applications, Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for discharge to the environment , Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for indirect use , Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for direct use Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? Many plants totalling over 300,000m3/day. Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years 13 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): All of them (Dupont, Toray, Suez, Memstar, Hydranautics, etc) Hollow fiber and flat sheet Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes , Higher fluxes, Footprint Constraints, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership) Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Important Not important Critical Critical Important Important Critical Somewhat important Not important Critical Important Important Important Important Important Important Not important 14 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Microfiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Microfiltration Membrane - Dlat Sheet, Ceramic Membranes Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility Possible Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Better effluent quality. Small footprint. Phydical barrier. Reuse potentisl. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quantity , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: Ceramics work. We have them in operations. But it is much more expansive that is for sure. 15 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers I dont think they would notice other than the price of Water would have to go up and they would be impacted that way. 16 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #5 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 05, 2023 6:15:28 PM Wednesday, July 05, 2023 6:33:58 PM 00:18:29 67.52.122.245 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Orange County Water District United States Mehul Patel @ocwd.com Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Potable Water - Indirect Use Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 130 mgd capacity and 2.5 million people served Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): MemcorlDupont Water Solutions S10 hollow fiber, submersible 17 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes , Higher fluxes, Footprint Constraints Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Not important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Critical Important Somewhat important Important Important Not important Not important Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill 18 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Microfiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility Polypropylene is also used at our facility and can be used in place of PVDF, but cost and availability are issues. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Pilot testing showed proper pre-treatment to RO in a small footprint. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quantity , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Possible increase in rates we charge customers for groundwater if no PVDF product available and only polypropylene can be used. 19 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #6 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Thursday, July 06, 2023 5:00:44 AM Thursday, July 06, 2023 5:17:32 AM 00:16:48 58.171.15.208 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) ACCIONA Agua Australia Javier Artal @acciona.com Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Drinking Water Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 300.000 m3/d Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): DuPont (formerly Evoqua) S10V and S10N Hollow tubes 20 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership) Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Not important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Not important Not important Not important Critical Critical Not important Somewhat important Not important Not important Not important Not important Not important Not important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Cybersecurity Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill 21 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Other (please specify): Media filtration Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility Media filtration is the good old way of doing. It works, only clients sometimes prefer more modern technology -despite minor advantages if any- Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Commercial strategy Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers None, PVDF may be convenient as water treatment but certainly there are viable alternatives 22 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #7 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Monday, July 10, 2023 7:24:17 PM Monday, July 10, 2023 8:01:14 PM 00:36:57 89.27.232.141 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Passavant-Geiger GmbH Germany Lars Spath @passavant-geiger.com Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for discharge to the environment Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? Zero. We provide technology, not operation Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). More than 20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Not membrane technology 23 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Other (please specify): None yet Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Somewhat important Critical Important Critical Critical Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Important Somewhat important Not important Not important Not important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Other technologies to treat micropollutants (pesticides, pharmaceuticals), such as activated carbon etc Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration , Hazardous waste incineration 24 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ceramic Membranes Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility h Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Design specs Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Additional costs for re-construction of your plant Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Lack of supply possible 25 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #8 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Thursday, July 13, 2023 12:40:56 PM Thursday, July 13, 2023 12:58:31 PM 00:17:34 194.78.157.65 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): FARYS Belgium Bart De Gusseme @farys.be Supply of Drinking Water, Supply of Industrial Process Water, Supply of Water for Food and Beverages Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? The Ostende drinking water plant has a capacity of max. 1200 m3/h, serving drinking water to >300.000 customers (ay. 70 m3/yr for a 2,3 pe family) Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): PALL Microza UNA620A hollow fibers 26 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes , Higher fluxes, Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. , Footprint Constraints, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Fouling Resistant, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Critical Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Critical Important Important Critical Critical Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Critical Important Important Important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question 27 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Hazardous landfill , Other (please specify): Specialized waste collection Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility We are testing cross-flow NF membranes at pilot-scale. Yet, this system runs at higher energy and lower water recovery. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? The MF treatment is the first pre-treatment step in our membrane filtration plant, next steps are RO, activated carbon, limestone remineralisation, UV disinfection. The choice for pressure-driven MF was made based on previous experience in another plant using brackish surface water as well. The membranes proved to be robust to fouling, exhibit good SS removal prior to RO and showed long lifetimes of >8yr. In addition, water recovery of +/- 90% can be achieved, which is important to safe on raw water intake in a water scarce region such as Flanders. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quantity Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Other costs/profit loss impacts, please define: Water recovery might be lower 28 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers The system is now built in 9 parallel treatment lines, with 8+1 redundancy. It means that membrane replacement can be done quite easily and fast on each redundant MF line. If another membrane type would be needed, longer shutdown will be required to adapt piping, connections, (potentially) pumps, etc. This might severely impact the drinking water supply by the plant and to the end consumers in the neighbourhood. 29 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #9 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Thursday, July 13, 2023 9:31:10 PM Thursday, July 13, 2023 10:22:47 PM 00:51:37 109.132.5.54 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Water-link Belgium Sam Van Nevel @water-link.be Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Industrial Process Water Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 500 + 200 + 150 m3/h Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years, 10-20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Pall + Dupont Microza Una + Integrapac outside in hollow fiber 30 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes , Service Life, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Fouling Resistant, Ease of Maintenance, Other (please specify): In one system, we are replacing PES with PVDF since they perform better on this water, in another plant next door. Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Somewhat important Important Not important Critical Somewhat important Important Critical Important Somewhat important Not important Important Important Important Somewhat important Not important Somewhat important Important Not important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question 31 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Other (please specify): No technology seems technically AND economically equivalent, although we do not have a lot of experience with tests. Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility See remark above. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Robust enough and good end quality. More certainity about end quality compered to sand or AFM filtration. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: Either you increase cost, or you decrease the end quality. Options which are as good are more expensive. Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater, Disruption in downstream supply chain (profit loss) 32 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Since we don't have spare space at our plants, we cannot guarantee the continuity of supply while replacing the technology. This is a major problem for large industry. 33 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #10 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, July 18, 2023 4:51:39 PM Tuesday, July 18, 2023 5:24:51 PM 00:33:11 163.116.184.104 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) AGBAR-Veolia Espana SPAIN JOSE GARCIA TEJERO @veolia.com Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 40.000 m3/day Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): ZENON ZWD500 HOLLOW 34 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. , Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Other (please specify) MAINTENANCE COSTS Important Critical Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Important Important Important Important Important Critical Critical Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) MAINTENANCE COSTS 35 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility NO ALTERNATIVE Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? QUALITY OF TREATED WATER, REDUCTION OF SPACE Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: IT'S NOT POSSIBLE Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater 36 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers THE CHANGE OF TECHNOLOGY IS NOT POSSIBLE WITHOUT PROJECTING ANOTHER TREATMENT STATION 37 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #11 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, July 18, 2023 5:15:18 PM Tuesday, July 18, 2023 6:19:58 PM 01:04:40 163.116.184.105 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): AGBAR-Veolia Espaa Espaa Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for discharge to the environment , Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for indirect use , Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for direct use Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? Sabadell Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Kubota Membrane cartdrige H7-510 flat sheet 38 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. , Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership) Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Critical Important Somewhat important Important Critical Important Critical Critical Important Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Important Critical Critical Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill , Other (please specify): Reuse + Recycling 39 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility a Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Reclaimed water is used for different uses. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Negative impact for us and our customers with cost increases and loss of water quality 40 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #12 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 19, 2023 10:36:26 AM Wednesday, July 19, 2023 11:01:07 AM 00:24:41 163.116.184.107 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): AGBAR-Veolia Espaa Espaa Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for discharge to the environment , Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 64.000 m3/d, 375.000 habitantes equivalentes Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years, More than 20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): GE WATER & PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES ZW500D hollow fiber 41 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership) Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Important Important Important Critical Somewhat important Important Important Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill , Other (please specify): WE DON'T HAVE A PLAN YET 42 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility To implement other technologies, civil works should be modified Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? TO BUY RECLAIMED WATER Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quantity Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Loss in water/wastewater quality Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers The measure would have a negative impact for us and our customers. 43 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #13 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, July 19, 2023 11:10:39 AM Wednesday, July 19, 2023 11:26:39 AM 00:15:59 163.116.184.107 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name AGBAR-Veolia Espaa Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 12000m3/da Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 5-10 Years, More than 20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model kubota ek400 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Higher fluxes 44 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Not important Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Important Important Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Somewhat important Important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Microfiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Microfiltration Membrane - Dlat Sheet 45 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility Not Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Because less space is needed Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Loss in water/wastewater quality Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers they would have to make a large investment to remodel the plant so that it could continue to maintain the quality of the water 46 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #14 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Friday, July 21, 2023 9:20:10 AM Friday, July 21, 2023 10:15:16 AM 00:55:06 208.127.111.255 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Asahi Kasei Corp. JAPAN Tomoyoshi Segawa @om.asahi-kasei.co.jp Supply of Drinking Water, Supply of Industrial Process Water, Supply of Water for Food and Beverages, Supply of Water for Industrial Applications Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 2m3/Hour/Module Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): ASAHI KASEI Corp UNA-620A, UNA-620C, WTR-620E hollow fiber membrane 47 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Higher fluxes, Capital Cost (CAPEX), Operation Cost (OPEX), Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. , Footprint Constraints, Service Life, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Fouling Resistant, Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Somewhat important Critical Critical Not important Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Not important Not important Somewhat important Important Important Important Not important 48 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility non available altenatives Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? long life, Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quantity , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs 49 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Additional transport costs, Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater, Disruption in downstream supply chain (profit loss) Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers this PFAS restriction is never suited with real using situation. All PFAS polmers and rubbers shall be exemption. 50 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #15 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Monday, July 24, 2023 3:03:14 PM Monday, July 24, 2023 4:04:20 PM 01:01:06 163.116.184.51 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country AGBAR-Veolia Espaa Spain Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 12.500m3/d Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 5-10 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): PENTAIR 8" Aquaflex-64 membrane module Hydrophilic membrane composed of a blend of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethersulfone Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. 51 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Important Important Important Important Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative 52 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility No Alternative Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Recommended by system supplier/consulting company/membrane manufacturer. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Increase costs 53 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #16 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, July 25, 2023 3:24:40 PM Tuesday, July 25, 2023 3:39:17 PM 00:14:36 20.67.84.37 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) AQUADUIN BELGIUM Emmanuel Van Houtte @aquaduin.be Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Potable Water - Indirect Use Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 2,500,000 m3/year Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). More than 20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): ZENON, now SUEZ ZW500c submerged, hollow fiber 54 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes , Footprint Constraints, Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Somewhat important Important Important Somewhat important Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration 55 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility as we have good experiences with the PVDF submerged membranes we do not intend to change to any other alternative Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? It proved to be a good treatment prior to reverse osmosis (RO); RO being the most important treatment when water reuse is performed to produce drinking-water, either in a direct or indirect way Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quantity , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: Quality remains the most important aspect in drinking-water business but we also need a good recovery Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Loss in water/wastewater quality Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers water shortage and probably lower quality 56 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #17 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, August 02, 2023 1:12:19 PM Wednesday, August 02, 2023 1:31:12 PM 00:18:52 151.96.255.242 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Eni Italy Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? Produced flow of 500 m3/h Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 5-10 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Veolia ZeeWeed 500 hollow fiber 57 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Footprint Constraints, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Critical Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Important Important Critical Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Hazardous landfill 58 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Ultrafiltration Membrane - Flat Sheet, Other (please specify): The same plant produces final high-quality effluent also for a neibour industrial site in order to reduce the water footprint and avoid exploitation of natural water resources. The unaivailability of UF membrane would negatively impact also this other user. Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility - Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Three main reasons: - ZW500 has been deemed suitable for treating the water leaving the secondary clarifier - The high quality required to reuse the wastewater in the main industrial process required a UF technology thanks to the small pores of the membranes and its stability over the long run - UF was also identified as the best available technlogy from capex+opex evaluation Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quantity , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: The above selection needs further investigation based on the real alternatives out there that can solve our current challanges 59 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in downstream supply chain (profit loss) Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers The unaivailability of UF membrane would negatively impact the water reuse in industrial sites 60 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #18 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, August 02, 2023 1:48:53 PM Wednesday, August 02, 2023 2:18:06 PM 00:29:12 163.116.172.116 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country ASVT SpA Italy Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Drinking Water, Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for discharge to the environment Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 85.000 a.e. Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). Less than One Year, 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Suez EV hollow fiber Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Footprint Constraints, Other (please specify): high purifying quality 61 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Critical Important Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Somewhat important Important Critical Somewhat important Not important Not important Critical Important Not important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) no other reason Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative 62 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility no alternative Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? I chose membranes UF for reduction footprint plant, high performance on purifying and for the good past managment experince Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quantity Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers no other reason 63 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #19 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Wednesday, August 02, 2023 5:40:21 PM Wednesday, August 02, 2023 6:44:51 PM 01:04:29 213.215.254.6 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) CAP Holding Italy Saino Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for discharge to the environment , Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 300.000 people served Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Veolia WTS ZeeWeed hollow fiber 64 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Higher fluxes, Capital Cost (CAPEX), Footprint Constraints, Fouling Resistant, Cleaning Frequency Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Important Important Not important Somewhat important Not important Important Critical Critical Not important Important Critical Somewhat important Not important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Not important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Hazardous waste incineration 65 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Another Alternative Technology, Other (please specify): MBBR + Tertiary Application for WWTP. Conventional Filtration for DW Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility Not evaluated yet Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Small footprint Good quality of the treated water Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Loss in water/wastewater quality Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers The real consequence is the lack of adequate drinking water quality for the consumer. On the wastewater side, the issue would be to receive fines from local authorities 66 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #20 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Thursday, August 03, 2023 12:13:13 PM Thursday, August 03, 2023 3:57:59 PM 03:44:46 163.116.184.49 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) AigUes de Barcelona EMGCIA Spain Josep Oriol Canals Fontes @aiguesdebarcelona.cat Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Drinking Water Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? Our OF line capacity is up to 240.000m3/day. The plant is up to 432.000m3/day Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): ZeeWeed ZeeWeed 1000 Hollow fiber 67 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Pilot Test/Field Test comparing PVDF and ceramic/PES/PS/Other Membranes Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Critical Important Critical Critical Somewhat important Important Important Not important Important Important Not important Important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Climate change. In our region, we are experiencing imbalances in the rainfall patterns which translates into periods of drought. Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill 68 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility For now, we do not have an alternative. First, we should theoretically evaluate which technologies are available and which one best suits our process. Once selected, a long and costing piloting period is required due to the complexities of our collection water. Implementing an alternative would require a significant financial investment for technology validation and modifying the installation for it. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? It was the best available technology in our process as pretreatment for an RO. Providing water of optimal quality for proper and robust operation of the RO. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: The RO installation can request up to 2650l/s. We cannot install a technology that provides us with less flow or quality. Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers In the context of the current drought, with the worsening of water quality, a situation where it is necessary to change part of the process or coexist with two technologies can lead to a partial reduction of the total treatable flow. 69 / 86 PEAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #21 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Monday, August 14, 2023 6:48:50 PM Monday, August 14, 2023 7:00:21 PM 00:11:31 163.116.172.113 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Contact Name (Optional) Email address (Optional) Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): A2A ciclo Idrico spa Italy Bolpagni Daniele @a2a.it Treatment of Municipal Sewage Water for discharge to the environment Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for discharge to the environment Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 4400 me/h, 296000PE Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 5-10 Years, More than 20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): General Electric 500C hollow fiber 70 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Footprint Constraints, Other (please specify): treated water quality Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Important Critical Important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) no more Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration 71 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Other (please specify): Microfiltration Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility L'ultrafiltrazione impiegata eccede in qualit le performance imposte dai limiti allo scarico imposti per legge ad eccezione della disinfezione. In questo senso le evoluzioni tecniche a cui la Microfiltrazione sta andando incontro possono portare questa tecnologia ad essere una valida alternativa. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Limited space for extension capacity Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: La tecnologia MBR assicura un refluo disinfettato. Abbandonare tale tecnologia verso la sediemntazione convenzionale comporta la mancanza di questo step di trattamento. Sostituire tale tecnologia per assicurare la disinfezione comporta implementazione di opere con impatti OPEX e CAPEX anche su impianti di recente costruzione. Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Other costs/profit loss impacts, please define: L'impossibilit di sostituire le membrane impone la sostituzione della tecnologia con la sedimentazione convenzionale, addizionata di microfiltrazione e disinfezione UV. I costi derivanti da questa situazione critica sono molto elevati e addirittura potrebbero incidere su impianti anche di recente costruzione. 72 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers difficolt nel raggiungimento dei nuovi limiti imposti allo scarico in caso di riutilizzo irriguo ai sensi della nuova normativa europea/regionale. quindi minor disponibilit per il riutilizzo in agricoltura. 73 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #22 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, August 15, 2023 6:12:33 AM Tuesday, August 15, 2023 6:32:38 AM 00:20:05 205.220.129.228 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Drinking Water Plant Italy Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Supply of Drinking Water Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 100 MLD Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 5-10 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): ZeeWeed 500d Reinforced Hollow fiber 74 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Higher fluxes, Service Life, Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Fouling Resistant, Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Critical Somewhat important Important Important Important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Somewhat important Important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) No other 75 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration , Other (please specify): we will define the disposal mode at the end of membrane life Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility No evaluation yet Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Quality of the final product, flexibility of production capacity, less operation labor required Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies without major losses in treated water quality Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Possible increase in water tariff for end consumers 76 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #23 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, August 15, 2023 7:29:03 PM Tuesday, August 15, 2023 7:37:41 PM 00:08:37 168.149.179.76 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country MBR Industrial Germany Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water discharge to the environment Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 2000 m3/h Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 5-10 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): ZeeWeed 500d hollow fiber Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Both CAPEX & OPEX (total cost of ownership), Fouling Resistant, Ease of Maintenance 77 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Somewhat important Somewhat important Somewhat important Not important Important Important Important Important Important Not important Important Important Somewhat important Not important Not important Important Important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) nothing else Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Hazardous waste incineration Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Microfiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Microfiltration Membrane - Dlat Sheet 78 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility Unknown performance factors / operating results. Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? 100% rejection, superb permeate quality, footprint that is/was available in our plant. Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quantity , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: Alternatives (alternative membrane products) would have to be tested (-> Piloting!). Test/pilots conducted in the past have demonstrated that ZeeWeed membranes performed the best. Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater, Disruption in downstream supply chain (profit loss) Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers we are the end user of the MBR plant. Therefore, see above answers 79 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #24 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, August 15, 2023 8:00:31 PM Tuesday, August 15, 2023 8:17:20 PM 00:16:49 148.64.10.12 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Industrial MBR Italy Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water discharge to the environment , Treatment of Industrial Sewage Water for Reuse Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 250 m3/h currently under expansion up to 300 m3/h Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 1-5 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Veolia Water Technologies ZW500D Hollow fiber 80 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Footprint Constraints, Service Life, Other (please specify): Stable and reliable effluent quality. Potential for reuse of product Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Not important Important Critical Somewhat important Important Important Critical Important Somewhat important Important Critical Somewhat important Important Not important Not important Important Important Important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) Respondent skipped this question Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Non-hazardous landfill 81 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, Another Alternative Membrane Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility equivalent installed base high packing density-low footprint Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? To ensure stable and reliable TSS-free effluent quality, and explore potential reuse after furher polishing steps (AOPs). Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers Business continuity would be affected. Also, the lack of a high quality WW treatment would cause reputational damages in front of the community. Need for additional investments and potential impact on costs and price to the end user. 82 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 #25 COMPLETE Collector: Started: Last Modified: Time Spent: IP Address: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Tuesday, August 15, 2023 8:13:09 PM Tuesday, August 15, 2023 8:36:04 PM 00:22:54 199.247.40.94 Page 1 Q1 Company Details Company Name Country MBR Municipal Germany Q2 Please select the type of plant you operate (multiple selections can be selected): Treatment of Sewage by Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for discharge to the environment Q3 What is your plant capacity (Hydraulic capacity, population served)? 7000 m/d; 10,000 P.E. Q4 What is the age of your Water Treatment System (multiple options can be selected if you have systems of different ages). 10-20 Years Q5 Please specify what type of PVDF Membranes you are currently using: Membrane Manufacturer Optional: Membrane Model Membrane Type (hollow fiber, flat sheet, bore type, ....): Veolia ZeeWeed 500 Hollow Fiber 83 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q6 What were your reasons for selecting the PVDF Membranes? Multiple options can be selected. Higher fluxes, Operation Cost (OPEX), Service Life, Cleaning Frequency, Ease of Maintenance Q7 What challenges are you facing in Water/Wastewater Treatment today, and what impact do they have? Carbon Footprint Waste Management Micropollutants PFAS Bacteria and/or viruses Deterioration of feed water More stringent discharge requirements to the environment Energy Costs Chemical cost Cost of raw water Availability of qualified resources (people) Limited space for extension capacity Increasing Demand Ability to perform an integrity test Regulatory approval for the membrane modules Successful application at nearby plants Supplier's track record with PVDF at other plants Membrane recycling vs disposal Other (please specify) none Not important Somewhat important Not important Not important Somewhat important Somewhat important Important Important Important Not important Important Somewhat important Somewhat important Not important Not important Not important Not important Somewhat important Q8 Please list any other challenges that are missing above (Question 7) none 84 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q9 How do you currently dispose of or plan to dispose of your membranes when reaching the end of life? If applicable, you can select multiple options. Municipal incineration Q10 Do any Technically/Economically equivalent replacement alternative technologies/materials exist for your application? If applicable, you can select multiple options Ultrafiltration Membrane - Hollow-Fiber, No Alternative Q11 If you evaluated any alternatives listed in Question 10, please discuss their technical/economic feasibility We tested alternative PES Hollow Fiber membranes and experienced worse performance Q12 Why did you choose MF/UF membranes to treat your water/wastewater? Carstic area with increased requirements on effluent quality Q13 In the event that you were to replace your MF/UF Membrane Technology, how would you anticipate it impacting your plants' performance? Please select any of the below that apply. Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quality , Working with alternative membranes/technologies with major losses in treated water quantity , Working with alternative membranes/technologies resulting in substantial increases in costs , Explanation of your selection(s) (optional)Others, please define: worse performance = increased membrane surface area ==> higher OPEX reduced lifetime = higher re-investment cost 85 / 86 PFAS Survey for Operators and/or End Users of Membrane-Based Water Treatment Systems in Europe Please complete this survey before 31st August 2023 Q14 What would be the direct and indirect consequences for your operation and surroundings if your PVDF Membranes could not be delivered to you anymore? (selection of multiple options is possible). Please answer this question based on your answer to Question 13. Increase of operational costs, Additional costs for your supply chain, Costs of planning, Additional costs for re-construction of your plant , Additional costs for procurement of new machinery & equipment , Loss in water/wastewater quality, Disruption in delivery of water/wastewater, Disruption in downstream supply chain (profit loss) Q15 Please describe any possible consequences for your end consumers higher wastewater discharge cost for population 86 / 86