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****FIRST DRAFT**** (October 11, 1985) (-' Definitions 1 Bbatement - procedures to control fiber release from asbestos--containing materials. This includes removal, enclosure encapsulation and repair. l. Baent - Any individual performing work on an asbestos project for the Asbestos Abatement Entity, that is not an employee of the Contractor (e.g. Subcontractor). 1.3 BaaCiSsive sarnplinq - a method of sampling where the person collecting the air samples uses an electric fan or other device to stir up settled dust and simulate activity of that area of the building. 1.4 AIHA - The American Industrial Hygiene Association, 475 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, Ohio 44311. ~j-~: 1.5 BidSEB -- B system for permitting entrance and exit with minimum air movement between a contaminated area and and an uncontaminated area, typically consisting of two curtained doorways separated by a distance of at least three feet such that one passes through one doorway into the airlock, allowing the doorway sheeting to overlap and close off the opening before proceeding through the second doorway, thereby preventing flow-through contamination. 1.6 Afr Samgling - The process of measuring the fiber content"of a known volume of air during a specified period of time. The procedure utilized for asbestos follows the NIOSH Standard Analytical Method for Asbestos in Air P&CAM 39 or Method 7400. In addition, transmission electron microscopy methods may be utilized for lower detectabi1ity and specific fiber identification. s. 1.7 Ai.r Sampling Professional, -- The professional contracted or employed to supervise air monitoring and analysis schemes. This individual is also responsible for recognition of technical deficiencies in worker protection equipment and procedures during both planning and on--site phases of an abatement project if a consultant is not present. This individual shall be certified or core certified in the Comprehensive ' Practice of Industrial Hygiene and completed NIOSH Course #58 "Sampling and Evaluating Airborne Asbestos Dust". This individual shall inform the building owner and contractor of violations and improper procedures. If violations are not immediately corrected then the air sampling professional shall notify the Department as soon as possible and then document the violations in writing. The air sampling professional shall be employed by the building owner and not by the contractor. 1.8 QmgDded water - Water to which a surfactant has been added. 1.9 ANSI - The American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. 1.10 Area air samg.li.ng -- any form of air sampling where the sampling device is placed at some stationary location. Area air sampling is conducted each day during an asbestos abatement project. Sampling locations include inside the work area, ouyside the work area, and outside the building. BIRD 022120 .11 Asbestos - The asbestiform varieties of serpentine (chrysotile>, rTe beckite (crocidolite), cummingtonite - grunerite (anosite), anthrophyllite, and actinolite, and tremolite. . 1 Qsbestos Project - Any activity involving'the removal, encapsulation, en closure,, renovation, repair, demolition or other disturbance of friable asbestos containing materials. .13 Qsbestos Abatement Entity - Any individual partnership,' firm, association, corporation, sole proprietorship or other business concern as well as any. governmental, religious or social organization or union with one or more employees or members which performs asbestos removal or encapsulation. 1. 14 Qsbestos containing material (ACM) - Material composed of asbestos of any type and in an amount greater than 1'/- by weight, either alone or mixed with other fibrous or non--fibrous materials. 1. 15 Qsbestgs-contaimng waste material - ACM or asbestos contaminated objects requiring disposal. 1.16 Asbestos project manager - An individual designated as the building owners representative and responsible for overseeing the asbestos abatement project. This individual has the same function.as a consultant but is a full time employee of the building owner. Example: company industrial hygienist. 1. 17 ASTM - The American Society for Testing and Materials, 1S16 Race Str-eet, Philabelphia, PA 19103. 1.18 Authorized visitor - the building owner, and any represeritative of a regulatory or other agency having jurisdiction over the project. 1.19 Auxiliary Purgoses - Work activity which does not directly involve the performance of an asbestos abatement project but may, in the process of assisting in the performance of that project, disturb or be exposed to asbestos or asbestos-containing materials. . 1. 0 Background level monitoring -- A method used to determine airborne asbestos fiber concentrations inside or outside a building prior to starting an asbestos abatement project. l.l Building owner -- The person to whom legal title to the building is vested, unless the premisis is held in land trust in which instance' the building owner means the person in whom beneficial title is vested. i. Clean room - An uncontaminated area or room which is a part of the worker decontamination enclosure with provisions for storage of workers' street clothes and protective equipment. l.3 Clearance air monitoring -- The employment of aggressive sampling techniques to determine the airborne concentrations of residual fibers upon conclusion of an asbestos abatement project. 1. 4 Consultant - An 'architect, consulting engineer or other professional who acts as the. building owner's representative to ensure that a proper BIRD 022121 asbestos abatement project is performed. Although the use of a consultant is not required by this chapter, if employed this individual shall be responsible for ensuring that applicable regulations are complied with. The consultant shall notify the Department as soon as possible upon completion of the project of any violations that are not immediately corrected. Documentation in writing shall be submitted to the Department of unconnected violations upon completion of the project. The consultant should also attempt to ensure that improper procedures not specifically proscribed by regulation are corrected. These poor work practices shall be documented and made available to the Department upon request. The consultant has the same function as the asbestos project manager but is not a full time employee of the building owner. 1. 5 Contractor - Any individual partnership, corporation or other business concern that performs asbestos abatement for a building owner but that is not a permanent employee of the building owner. 1.S6 Decontamination enclosure system -- A series of connected rooms, separated from the work area and from each other by air locks, for the decontamin ation of workers, materials and equipment. l.7 Demolition - The wrecking or taking out of any load-supporting structural member of a facility together with any related handling operations. l.8 Department -- The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, 2600 Bull Street, Columbia, SC 9201. -- l.9 Emergency asbestos project -- any asbestos abatement project which was not planned but results from a sudden, unexpected event. This includes operations required by non--routine failures of equipment. 1.30 Encapsul.ati.on - The application of an encapsulat'd; to asbestos containing materials to control the release of asbestos fibers into the air. The encapsulant creates a membrane over the surface (bridging encapsulant> or penetrates the material and binds its components together (penetrating encapsulant). 1.31 EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, DC 20460. - i.3 Egujornent decgntamjnation enclosure -- That portion of a decontamination enclosure system designed for the controlled transfer of materials and equipment, consisting of a washroom and a holding area. 1.33 Equipment room -- A contaminated area or room which is part of the worker decontamination enclosure system with provisions for the storage of contaminated clothing arid equipment. 1.34 Facility - Any institutional, commercial or industrial structure, install ation or building. 1.35 Frjabl.e materials -- Any material applied on the ceilings, walls, struct ural members, pipe ductwork, or any other part of a building structure which, when dry, may be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. BIRD 022122 .36 Gl.oyebag tgphnjgue " 8 method with limited applications for removing small amounts of ACM from HVAC ducts, short piping runs, valves, joints, elbows and othev' non-planar surfaces in a non contained work area. The glovebag assembly is a manufactured device consisting of a glovebag (constructed of 6-rni 1 transparent plastic), two inward projecting long sleeve rubber gloves, one inward projecting waterwand sleeve, an internal tool punch and an attached, labeled receptacle for asbestos waste. The glovebag is constructed and installed in such a manner that it surrounds the object or area to be decontaminated and contains all asbestos fibers released during the removal process. All workers who are permitted to use the glovebag technique must be highly trained, experienced and skilled in this method. 1.37 HVAC - Heating, ventilation and air conditioning system. 1.38 HEPA filtration - High efficiency particulate air filtration found in respirators and vacuum systems capable of .filtering 0.3 micron particles with 93.37'/- efficiency, for use in asbestos contaminated environments. 1.39 Holding area - a chamber in the equipment decontamination enclosure located in the washroom and an uncontaminated area. 1.40 Homogeneouswork area -- a site within the abatement work area which contains one type of ACM and where one type of abatement is used. 1.41 License - The permit issued by the Department to allow an Asbestos Abatement Entity engage in asbestos projects. ~ 1.4 Minor project -- a project in which 5 or less square feet or 10 or less linear feet of friable asbestos material are removed. 1.43 Negative air pressure equipment - A portable local exhaust system equiped with HEPA filtration. The system shall be capable of maintaining a constant, low velocity air flow into contaminated areas from adjacent uncontaminated areas, creating a negative pressure differential between the outside and inside of the work area1.44 NESHAP - The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants 740 CFR 61 Subpart M). 1.45 NESHAP project -- An asbestos project subject to Neshap, in which at least 160 square feet or 60 linear feet are removed. If projects occur at different sites under one contract (different school sites, for example) then each site shall be considered a separate project. If several projects covered under one contract are smaller than 160 square or 60 linear feet individually but add up to that amount then the combination of the small projects shall be considered one NESHAP project. 1.46 NIOSH - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC -- NIOSH, Building J N.E.,Room 3007, Atlanta GA 30333. 1.47 OSHh -- The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 00 Constit ution Ave, Washington, DC 0210.1 1. 48 OSHA asbestos standard -- 9 CFR 1910. 1001. BIRD 022123 .49 Outside air -- The air outside buildings and structures. .50 Personal ai.r monitoring - ft method used to determine. employees' exposure to airborne -fibers. The sample is collected outside the respirator in the workers' breathing zone. This form of sampling is required by the OSHft asbestos standard. - 51 Planned asbestos project - an asbestos project or a number of such projects in which the amount of asbestos containing material to be removed, stripped or otherwise disturbed within a given period of time can be predicted. Individual, non-scheduled abatements are included if a number of such operations can be predicted to occur during a given period of time.based on operating experiences. t.5 Pi.astici.ze - To cover floors and walls with plastic sheeting or by using spray plastics which may be authorized by the Department on a case by case basis. 1.53 Removal - The stripping of any asbestos containing materials from surfaces or components of a facility. 1.54 Rengyat.i.gn --.filtering in any way one or more facility components. Operations in which load--supporting structural members are wrecked or taken out are excluded. ..55 Repair -- The restoration of asbestos containing insulation that has been damaged, usually located on pipes, boilers, tanks, turbines, ducts or other facility components. Repair usually consists of the*application of duct tape, rewettable glass cloth, canvas, cement or other suitable material to seal exposed areas where asbestos fibers may be released. Repair of previously encapsulated asbestos containing materials may involve filling damaged areas with non-asbestos substitutes and re--encapsulating. Repair of enclosures around asbestos containing materials is also included in this category of abatement. 1.56 Shower Room - ft room between the clean room and the equipment room in the worker decontamination enclosure with hot and cold or warm running water controllable at the tap and suitably arranged for complete showering during decontamination. 1.57 Sma.ll. firSJSSfe " A project in which more than 5 and less than 160 square feet or more than and less than 60 linear feet of friable asbestos material is removed. 1.58 Staging area - The area near the waste transfer airlock where container ized asbestos waste has been placed prior to removal from the work area. 1.59 Strip - To remove friable asbestos from any pav't of a facility. 1.60 Structural component -- ftny pipe, duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine or furnace at or in a facility or any structural member of a facility. 1.61 . .1 I1';.', Structural, member -- ftny load--support ing member of a facility, such-, as . beams and load-supporting walls or any non--load-support ing member, such a< '< ceilings and non--load--support ing walls. -` !.: 1.6 Structure -- ft whole facility, building or-a major portion thereof, such..- ,':7 :fit -.. `-..V..-.{r}.u. BIRD 022124V as a building wing. .63 Bunfactant - A chemical wetting agent added to water to improve penetration. .63 Supervisor -- The contractor or the person designated as the contractor's representative and responsible for the onsite supervision of the' removal or encapsulation of friable ACM. .64 Trig ticket -- A dump receipt, transportation manufest or other documentation of disposal at a landfill approved by the Department. .,65 Washroom -- A room between the work area and the holding area in the equipment decontamination enclosure system where equipment and. waste containers are wet cleaned and/or HEPA vacuumed prior to disposal. 1.66 Wet cleaning -- The process of el irninat ing .asbestos contamination from building surfaces and objects by using cloths, mops or other cleaning tools which have been dampened with water. These tools shall be disposed of as asbestos contaminated waste upon completion of the project. 1.66 Work area -- Designated rooms, spaces or areas of the prosect in-which asbestos abatement actions are to be undertaken or which may be contaminated as a result of such abatement actions. 1.67 Worker decgnt aminatiojj enciosure system - That portion of- a decontamination enclosure system designed for controlled passage of workers and other personnel and authorised visitors. It consists of a clean room, a shower room and and an equipment room separated from each other and from the work area by airlocks and curtained doorways. 2.0 General Licensing consultant or air project unless it Chapter. Rsguirements -- No Asbestos Abatement Entity, sampling professional shall engage in any asbestos is licensed to do so by the Department under this 3. O Apglicability 3. 1 The licensing requirements of this Chapter apply to any Asbestos Abatement Entity, consultant, building owner's representative, air sampling professional, supervisor or worker involved in the removal, encapsulation, enclosure, renovation, repair, demolition, or other disturbance of friable asbestos or friable asbestos containing materials. 3.2 The licensing requirements of this chapter shall apply to Asbestos Abatement Entities, consultants, building owner's representatives; air sampling professionals, supervisors or workers engaged in any amount of asbestos abatement work of any type. There are no asbestos project size limits below which the applicable requirements of this Chapter shall not apply, unless otherwise sped f i ed. 3.2.1 Owners of private residences of four units or less are exempt from the requirements of this Chapter. Contractors and consultants shall comply with the requirements specified within this Chapter BIRD 022125 during asbestos abatement projects in private residences. 3 Determination of Applicability 3.3.1 An Asbestos Abatement Entity may request that the Department determine whether a project is an asbestos project subject to the re quirements of this Chapter. the Department shall make the de termination in writing, not later than 5 days after it has received a written request describing the 'asbestos containing materials (including laboratory data sheets with bulk sample results,-methods of analysis, and the signature of the analyst), the proposed project, and the Asbestos Abatement Entity. 3.3. An erroneous determination by the Department that a project is not subject to the requirements of this Chapter only relieves the As bestos Abatement Entity from those requirements to the extent that Cthe regulatory agency] was provided with the`appropriate information to make a correct determination. 4. O Worker'Protection Reguirements 4. 1 Training 4.1.1 Training shall be provided by the Asbestos Abatement Entity to all employees or agents who may be required to disturb asbestos con taining materials for abatement and auxiliary purposes and to all supervisory personnel who may be involved in the planning, execution or inspection of asbestos projects. 4.1. The Asbestos Abatement Entity shall insure that personnel identified in 4.1.1 are provided with: 4.1.5.1 An initial training course. 4. l.. A yearly review course. 4.1.3 The initial training course shall provide, at a minimum, information on the following topics: 4.1.3.1 The physical characteristics of asbestos including fiber size, aerodynamic characteristics and physical appearance. 4. 1.3. The health hazards of asbestos including the nature of asbestos related diseases, routes of exposure, dose-response relationships, synergism between cigarette smoking and asbestos exposure, latency period for disease and health basis for standards. 4. 1.3.3 Employee personal protective equipment including the classes characteristics of respirator types, limitations of respirators, proper selection, inspection, donning, use, maintenance and stor age procedures, methods for field testing of the facepiece-to-face seal (positive and negative pressure fitting tests), qualitative and quantitative fit testing procedures, variability between field and laboratory protection factors, factors that alter res pirator fit (e.g., facial hair), the components of a proper res piratory protect ion program, selection and use of personal pro-- and BIRD 022126 tective clothing, use, storage and handling of launderable cloth ing, non--slip footwear, gloves, eye--protect ion and hard hats. 4.1.3.4 Medical monitoring procedures and requirements included under OSHA 9 CFR 1910.1001 and 9 CFR 1910.134, additional recommended procedures and tests, benefits of medical monitoring and employee access to records. 4. 1.3. 5 Sir monitoring procedures and requirements included 9 CFR 1910.1001 including a description of equipment and methods, reasons for air monitoring, types of samples and standards with proposed changes. under OSHA current 4. i.3. G State-of-the-art work practices for asbestos abatement activities including purpose, proper construction and maintenance of barriers and decontamination enclosure systems, posting of warning signs, electrical and ventilation system lock-out, proper working techniques for minimising fiber release, use of wet methods and surfactants, use of negative pressure ventilation equipment, use of HEPA vacuums and proper clean--up and disposal procedures. Work practice requirements as they apply to to removal encapsulation, enclosure and repair shall be discussed individually. 4. 1.3.7 Personal hygiene including entry and exit procedures for the work area, use of showers and prohibition of eating, drinking, smoking and chewing (gum or tobacco) in the work area. -- 4. 1.3.8 Additional safety hazards that may be encountered during abatement activities and how to deal with them including electrical hazards, heat stress, air contaminants other than asbestos, fire and explosion hazards, scaffold and ladder hazards, slips, trips and falls, confined spaces and noise. 4. 1.3.9 The 4. 1.3.9.1 4. 1.3. 9. 4. 1.3. 9. 3 requirements, procedures and standards established EPA 40 CFR Part 61, Subparts A and M DSHA 9 CFR 1910.1001 and 9 CFR 1910.134 SC Regulation No. 61--86.1 by: 4.1.3,10 Contractors, supervisors, consultants and building owner's representatives'shall receive additional instruct ion as a requirement for certification and licensing. This instruct ion shall consist of attendance of the course "Interim Procedures and Practices for Asbestos Removal Projects". This course is currently offered at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Tufts University and the University of Kansas and is approved by the EPA. In the future as new courses are developed by EPA they may be accepted as equivalent to the specified training at the discretion of the Department. 4.3.11 Contractors, supervisors, consultants and building owner's represeritat ives who have attended and received a sat isf actory score at the course "Supervision of Asbestos Abatement Contracts" within six months of the date of promulgation of this Chapter shall be issued temporary licences until such time as they may attend and receive a satisfactory score at the specified course upon payment of the required fees. In no case shall the temporary certification extend beyond six BIRD 022127 months of the effective date of this Chapter. Proof of a satisfactory score must be provided to the.Department to receive a temporary license. 4.1.4 The yearly review course shall at a minimum, adequately review the topics in 4.1.3, update information on state-of-the-art procedures and equipment and review regulatory changes and interpretations. Specific topic coverage may be requested by the Department. 4.1.5 Personnel shall be required to pass in a manner satisfactory to Cthe regulatory agency} an examination in written or other acceptable form in order to demonstrate familiarity with those issues relevant to the safe performance of asbestos abatement activities. The achievement of a minimum score on a written examination shall be required. 4.2 Respiratory Protection 4.2.1 fin Asbestos Abatement Entity shall, before it engages in any asbestos project, prepare and submit to the Department a .written respiratory protection program in accordance with the requirements of OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 (b> and 29 CFR 1910.1001 (OSHA Asbestos Standard). This program shall be provided to employees and posted at all projects requiring abatement activities over more than a single day.. 4.2.2 Selection 4.2.2. 1 All respiratory protection shall be provided to ^workers in conjunction with a written respiratory protection program which shall meet the requirements of OSHA Regulation 29 CFR 1910.134(b)(1-11>. This program shall be posted at the work site. 4.2.2. 2 Workers shall be provided with-personally issued and marked respiratory equipment approved by NI0SH. 4.2.2.3 Respiratory protection shall be worn by all persons potentially exposed to asbestos from the initiation of the asbestos abatement project until all areas have been given clearance. Clearance shall be obtained by visual inspection and air monitoring. 4.2.2.4 Type "C" air supplied respirators in positive pressure or pressure demand mode with full facepieces and HEPA filtered disconnect protection shall be used for' all abatement work of more than one hour duration per day until the successful completion of final clearance air monitoring. Powered air purifying respirators equipped with HEPA filters adn full facepieces or respirators with higher NI05H assigned protection factors may be used for inspection or repair work of less than one hour duration per day. A supply of charged replacement batteries and filters and a flow test meter shall be available in the clean change area for use with powered air purifying respirators. Air purifying respirators with dual highefficiency (HEPA) filters may be utilized during work area preparation activities. Spectacle kits and eyeglasses shall be provided for employees who wear glasses and who must wear full facepies respirators. Respirators shall be provided that have been tested and approved by NI0SH for use in asbestos contaminated BIRD 022128 atmospheres 4. 2. .5 Compressed air systems shall be designed to provide air volumes and pressures to accomodate respirator manufacturer's specifications. The compressed air systems shall have a receiver of such capacity to allow escape for all respirator wearers from contaminated areas in the event of compressor failure. Compressors shall meet the requirements of 9 CFR 1910.134. <d>. Compressors shall have an inline carbon monoxide monitor, and daily inspection of the carbon monoxide monitor shall be documented. Documentation of the compressed air system/respiratory protection system shall be retained on .site and shall include a list of compatible components with the maximum number and type of respirators that may be used with the system. Daily testing of compressed air shall be conducted to ensure that systems provide breathing air of Grade D quality as described in the Compressed Air Gas Association Commodity Specification B-7.1. The air compressor shall be located where contaminated air cannot enter the system. 4. 2. 2. & The minimum type of respiratoryprotection to be used in areas other than the work area shall be the' powered air. purifying respirator with HEPA filtration. 4. . . 7 Single-use disposable respirators shall not be permitted for use during any asbestos abatement activities. 4..2.8 Negative-pressure, dual-cartridge respirators shall be equipped with high efficiency filters and exhalation and inhalation valves to permit the performance of positive and negative pressure fit checks. 4.2.3 Fitting ( Note: This activity may be best performed during the training course) 4. 2. 3. 1 Each employee shall be given an opportunity to try on a variety of respirator styles and sices and to select a respirator for comfortable fit. 4. .3. Each employee shall be instructed in the performance of positive and negative pressure fit checks and be able to successfully perform them if respirator design permits. 4..3.3 Each employee shall be fit tested using generally acceptable quantitative fit testing methods or by qualitative fit testing procedures as detailed in the OSHA Lead Standard, 9 CFR 1910.1025 Appendix D Qualitative Fit Test Protocols, and adequately pass the selected fit test procedure. 4.2.3.4 Employees shall be provided with the brand name and model number of respirators that they have been fitted for and trained to use. This information shall be included on the employee training identification card. 4.2.4 No employee or agent shall be permitted in the work area without the respiratory protection required for the level of exposure in the workplace. This requirement shall be strictly enforced by the Asbestos ] I BIRD 022129 Abatement Entity. 4. . 5 No personnel with beards, long sideburns or other physical character istics which interfere with respirator facepiece-to--face seal shall be permitted in the work area. 4. . S Respirator fit testing shall be conducted by an industrial hygienist or other individual equally qualified by virtue of training and experience, capable of performing and interpreting the results of the fit testing procedures. 4. .7 Respirators shall be cleaned after each use and hung or stored up off the floor. No visible residues shall be permitted on the inner' surfaces of respirators. +.3 Protective Clothing > 4.3.1 Each employee shall be provided with full body disposable- protective clothing impermeable to asbestos fibers (TyvekR or equivalent). Clothing shall consist of head and full body protection and be properly sized to reduce tearing during body movements. Suits shall be sealed at wrists and neck to prevent body contamination. 4.3. Disposable or washable non-slip footwear shall be provided to all workers. This shall remain in the equipment room during exiting pro cedures until the completion of the abatement, then either decontami nated or disposed of as asbestos waste. Legs of disposable clothing shall be sealed to the top of this footwear to prevent body cont am in nation. 4.3.3 Gloves, hard hats and safety eyewear shall be available to employees for use as needed. 4.4 Medical Monitoring 4.4.1 Asbestos abatement entities must insure that any employee or agent who may be exposed to airborne asbestos is medically monitored in accordance with the requirements of OSHA 3 CFR 1310.1001 <j), prior to engaging in any asbestos abatement activity. Monitoring shall include, at a minimum: 4.4.1.1 A work/medical history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease. 4.4.1.2 A chest x--ray (posterior--anterior and lateral views, 14 x 13 inches. 4.4.1.3 A pulmonary function test including forced vital capacity <F0C>, forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) and FEV/FVC ,' interpretation and comparison with standardized normals. ., "' 4.4.2 Employees must also be given an opportunity to be evaluated by a. physician to determine their capability to safely work while' .breathing through the added resistance of a respirator. (Examining physicic^ns ` should be made aware of the nature of respiratory protective .hazards. , ' . ' 1 and knowledgeable about the specific types, of respirators the employee- i ` ' * : '.* # ' r . ' t , , . .,. I!< V BIRD 022130) shall be required to wear and the work he will be required to -perform. They should also be advised as to special hazards that may exist in the work place <e.g. high temperatures, toxic contaminates). 4.4.3 Chest x-rays shall be taken by a Certified Radiology Technician and interpreted by a Certified B-Reader. 4.4.4 Pulmonary function testing shall be conducted by a NIOSH Certified Pulmonary Technician. 4.4.4.1 There is a school of thought among some physicians that the yearly X-rays and other requirements of 9 CFR 1910.1001 for medical monitoring are not reasonable for workers with infrequent or routinely low exposures to asbestos. ft suggested alternative protocol for medical monitoring of asbestos workers whose exposure level falls below the OSHfi fiction Standard, and who are not legally required to follow the Standard is provided below: Protocol for follow-up examinations may be conducted as determined by the degree of risk as follows: Group 1 (Minimal risk) Under age 45 Less than 15 years work with asbestos No sign of lung disease Complete exam every 5 years (as per Section 4.4.1) Group 2 (one risk factor) Greater than 45 years of age Return in two years for reexamination -- Chest x--rays at the discretion of the physician Group 3 (one of the following 3:) Smoker and age 45 or older or Greater than 15 years work with asbestos or ftny worker with signs of chronic lung disease, even in the ab sence of other risk factors. Return in one year for re-examination Chest X-rays at the discretion of the physician 4.5 fiir Monitoring 4.5.1 The Asbestos Abatement Entity must provide representative air monitor ing for employees during asbestos abatement activities. 4.5.2 fiir monitoring shall be provided in accordance with OSHfi 9 CFR 1910. 1001 (f). 4. 5. 3 Clearance air monitoring 4. 5. 3. 1 Following the completion of clean--up operations, the contractor shall notify the asbestos project manager or consultant that work areas are ready for clearance air monitoring. 4.5.3. The asbestos project manager or consultant shall then arrange for the air sampling professional to sample the air in the work area and adjacent areas for airborne fiber concentrations. 4.5.3.3 Sampling shall not begin until until at least 4 hours after wet cleaning has been completed and no visible pools of water or condensat i on rernai r. BIRD 022131 4.5.3.4 The HEPA filtered negative air pressure equipment shall be in operation in the area during clearance monitoring. A. 5. 3.5 The air sampling shall be conducted using collection media and procedures in accordance with NIOSH Method 7400 or Electron Microscope of Airborne Asbestos Concentrations, USEPA Report 00/2-77-178 (1978) and USEPA Contract No. 68-02-3266 (1984). Air volumes shall provide statistically reliable results for a concentration of 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter of air <f/cc) or lower as determined by phase contrast microscopy or an asbestos fiber concentration of less than or equal to the outside air as determined by transmission electron microscopy. The sampling zone shall be representative of the building occupant's breathing zone. 4.5. 3.6 The air sampling professional shall follow the procedures located in Appendix B when conducting clearance air monitoring. > 4.5.3.7 At least one representative sample shall be taken for every 10,000 squarev feet of floor space where homogeneous ACM have been removed or abated, with a minimum of five samples. Where the 10,000 square foot area includes several rooms, at least one sample shail be located in the room where the ACM was in the worst condition before the project began. 4.5.3.8 Aggressive sampling techniques shall be used during all clearance air monitoring as described in Appendix B. 4. 5.3.9 Air samples shall be analyzed by phase contrast mi-eroscopy (PCM) using procedures in accordance with NIOSH Standard Analytical Method P&CAM 239 or-Niosh Method 7400 or by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using procedures in accordance with Electron Microscope Measurement of Airborne Asbestos Concentrations, USEPA Report 00/2-77-178 (1978) and USEPA Contract No. 68-02-3266 (1984). 4.5.3.10 When using TEM for clearance air monitoring the following sampling procedures, analysis methods and release criteria shall be followed: 4.5.3.10.1 Air sampling: A) Draw at least 3000 liters of air through each filter at a rate of 2 to 12 liters per minute. B) Collect at least five samples from each- homogeneous C) At the same time collect at least five samples just outside the work area but withinthe building. These samples shall be compared with those'collected inside the work area to ensure that the work area is at least as clean as the incoming air (refer to Appendix A). 4.5.3.10.2 Analysis: A) Measure the asbestos on each filter with TEM using the EPA procedures (USEPA Report No. 600/2-77-178 (1978) and USEPA Contract No. 8-02-3266 (1984)) B) Use a direct transfer method of sample preparation. C) Express the results as f/cc. D) Include at least one field blank and one laboratory blank pe3r abatement job for quality control purposes. Also, split one work area sample and conduct duplicate analyses. 4.5.3.10.3 Release criteria: BIRD 022132 A> If average fiber concentration of the work area samples is not statistically larger than the average of the outside samples, the abatement project is complete , and the contractor shall be released from the project. Each homogeneous area shall pass the test before the contractor is released, appendix B contains information to determine statistical differences. ED If the average of the work area samples is statistically larger than the average of the outside samples, clean the entire workarea again and repeat the test, (collect new work area samples and follow the procedures described above. 4.5.3.11When using PCM for clearance air monitoring the following sampling procedures, analysis meyhods, and release criteria shall be followed: 4.5.3.11.1 fiir sampling: ft) Draw at least 3000 liters of. air through each filter at a rate of to 1 liters per minute. B) Collect at least five samples per homogeneous work area, or one per room, whichever -is greater. 4.5.3.11.2 Analysis: ft) Measure the asbestos on each filter with PCM using the NIDSH P&CftM. 33 or NIOSH 7400 procedures. B) Include at least one field blank and one laboratory blank per abatement project for quality control purposes. Also, split one work area sample for duplicate analysis. 4.5.3.11.3 Release criteria: ~ ft) Release contractor from the abatement project if every sample value is below 0.01 f/cc. B) If any of the sample values is above 0.01 f/cc, clean the entire work area again, collect new samples, and evaluate the samples as described above. 4.5.3. 1 The air sampling professional shall interpret the results of clearance air monitoring using the methods described in Appendix B 4.5.3.13 The air sampling professional shall report the clearance air monitoring results in writing to the asbestos project manager or consultant as applicable. 4.5.3.14 ftreas exceeding 0.01 f/cc as determined by PCM or the outside air as determined by TEM shall be recleaned by the contractor using wet methods and providing a negative pressure HEPfi filtered exhaust system during the recleaning process. This process of recleaning, allowing surfaces to dry and retesting, shall be repeated until the clearance standard is achieved. 4.5.4 fiir sampling schedule. 4.5.4.1 the air sampling professional shall conduct all air sampling for the building owner. 4. 5. 4. The air sampling professional shall conduct air sampling in accordance with the MI0SH Standard Analytical Method for Asbestos in fiir P&CAM 33 or Method 7400. BIRD 022133 4. 5. 4. 3 The following schedule shall be utilised for air samplingduring the project in addition to OSHft compliance monitoring: 4.5.4.3.1 Background air sampling - ft sufficient number of air samples shall be collected prior to the start of the abatement activities in order to determine background airborne concentrations. Samples should be taken both inside and outside the work area and buildings to establish existing levels under normal activity conditions. 4. 5. 4. 3. Daily sampling - Once abatement activities begin the following schedule shall be required on a daily basis. The size of the project will have impact on the samples .necessary to monitor removal activities. Decisions on the number of samples should be made with the advice of the air sampling professional. The following are required minirnums: ft) area samples inside the work area including worker and equipment decontamination enclosure systems. B) personal samples inside the work area C) area samples outside the work area in uncontaminated areas of the building including one at the entrance to the worker decontamination enclosure. D) 1 area sample outside the building. E> 1 area sample at the exhaust of negative pressure vent i 1 at ion equi prnent. . & the Department may, on a case-by-case basis, approve an alter native to a worker protection requirements in 4.1 -- 4.4 fot" an asbestos project provided that the ftsbestos Abatement Entity submits the alternative procedure to the Department in writing and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Department that the proposed alternative pro cedure provides equivalent worker protection. 5.0 Work Practice Requirements 5. 1 Work practices for NESHftP Sources -- Any ftsbestos Rbaternent Entity that engages in any asbestos project that involves greater than 60 linear feet (BO meters) of pipe covered or coated with asbestos containing material or- 160 square feet <15 square meters) of asbestos containing material used to cover or coat any duct, boiler, tank, reactor, turbine, structure, structural member or structural component shall comply with the following work practice req u i reiwent s: 5. 1.1 General (Removal, Encapsulation and Enclosure) 5.1.1.1 Barriers to isolate contaminated from uncontaminated areas shall be constructed of polyethylene sheeting attached securely iri place 5.1.1.1.1 Remove all movable objects from the work area. Cleaning contaminated items shall be performed if necessary and feasible. Detach and wet clean removeable electrical, heating and ventilating equipment and other items which may be connected to the asbestos surfaces. Cover all non--movable objects in the work, area with 4--mil polyethylene sheeting secured into place. Seal all openings between the work area and uncontaminated areas including of BIRD 022134 windows, doorways, elevator openings, corridor entrances, c-ains, ducts, grills, grates, diffusers and skylights. 1.1. l., Floor sheeting shall consist of layers of 6-mil polyethylene sheeting. Floor sheeting shall extend up sidewalls least IS" and be sized to minimize seams. No seams shall be located at wall/floor joints. 1.1. 1.3 Wall sheeting shall consist of layers of 4--mil polyethylene sheeting. It shall be installed to minimize joints and shall extend beyond wall/floor joirit at least 12". No seams shall be located at wall/wall joints. 1.1. 1.4 A worker decoritarninat ion enclosure system consisting of a clean room, shower room and equipment room, each separated from each other and from the work area by airlocks and accessible through doorways protected with two overlapping polyethylene sheets shall be provided (a schematic digram of a typical decoritarninat ion system is illustrated in Appendix fl>. 1.1.1.5 The shower room shall be constructed in such a manner as to prevent asbestos track--out after worker showering. 1.:. .1.6 Each shower head shall be equipped with hot and cold water- adjustable at the tap. ' 1.1. 1.7 Contaminated water from the shower room shall be either drummed c-** drained to the sanitary sewer system. Filtering of the water prior to disposal shall be required. No contaminated water shall be allowed to leak or drain outside of the work area except into sewers. C .intaminated water that has been filtered shall not drain or leak cutside of the work area. 1.1.1.6 Material from within the work area shall not be permitted cutside of the work area except in sealed leak-tight containers. Equipment that is to be reused shall be thoroughly decontaminated so that no visible residue remains prior to removal from the work ?rea. If it is not thoroughly decontaminated it shall be sealed in ioaktight containers so that no visible residue appears on the outside surfaces. 1.1.1.9 If the asbestos abatement entity contaminates with visible ACM the carpetting shall be considered contaminated, disposed of as contaminated waste'and replaced at.the asbestos abatement entity* s expense. 1. 1. 1. 10 If the asbestos abatement entity contaminates the HVAC system by turning it on during the project the asbestos abatement entity shall either disassemble and wet clean the entire-HVAC system where contamination could possibly have spread, or replace the contaminated portions of the system at the discretion of the consultant or asbestos project manager. 1.1. Shut down and lock out all HVAC equipment in or passing through the work area. Seal all intake and exhaust openings and arty seams in system components with 6-ml polyethylene sheeting and/ or tape. Replace all system filters at the completion of the abatement and dispose of old filters as asbestos waste. Decontam inate ventilation system ductwork interiors wherever necessary. 1. 1.3 Caution signs in accordance with OSHA .9 CFR 1910.1001 (g) be displayed at all approaches to any location where airborne fiber levels can be expected to exceed background levels. shall BIRD 022135 5. 1.1.4 Following abatement, clean-up procedures using HEPA vacuuming wet cleaning techniques shall be performed. Wet cleaning, using an amended water solution shall be performed, followed by HEPA vacuuming after surfaces have been allowed to dry.. The sequence of wet cleaning and vacuuming shall be repeated at S4-hour intervals until no visible residue is observed in the work area. and 5. 1.1.5 Negative pressure ventilation units with HEPA filtration and in sufficient number to provide one workplace air change every 15 minutes shall be operated continuously for the duration of the project. (The duration of the abatement project for this requirement shall be considered from the time barrier construction is completed through the time acceptable final clearance airmonitoring results are obtained). These units shall exhaust filtered air to the outside of the building wherever feasible. If exhausted to uncontaniinated (and unoccupied) interior spaces, a direct reading instrument equipped with ,a chart recorder shall be located at the exhaust to continuously monitor fiber release.) Procedures for operation as detailed in EPA document No. EPA 560/5-Q3-002 Guidance For Control 1ing. Friable Asbestos--Containing Materials In Buildings Appendix F shall be utilized. 5. 1.1.6 All asbestos containing waste shall be thoroughly wetted with an amended water solution before being placed into containers for disposal. 5.1.1.7 Asbestos waste shall be placed in.impermeable containers for transport to the landfill. Metal or fiber drums with locking ring tops shall be used when asbestos waste contains sharp edged components. Double polyethylene bags of at least 6--mil thickness and which can be securely sealed may be used for waste. Large components 'or structural members -may be removed intact and wrapped in two layers of 6--mil polyethylene sheeting secured with tape for disposal. 5.1.1.8 All containers (bags, drums, wrapped components) shall be labeled so that labels have the appearance of or are constructed in v accordance with OSHA S3 CFR 1310.1001 (g) or EPA 40 CFR 61. 15. . 5.1.1.3 Transport and disposal of asbestos waste shall occur in a manner that' will not permit the release of asbestos fibers into the air. 5.1.1.10 Disposal shall occur at a location approved for handling asbestos waste by the Department. ," 5.1.1.11 The asbestos abatement entity shall obtain trip tickets at the landfill to document disposal of all of the ACM. A record keeping form utilizing a chain--of --custody format shall include the names of the building owner, contractor, disposal site, the estimated quantity of ... the asbestos containing waste and the type and number of. containers ' used. The form shall be signed by the building owner or his representat ive, the contractor and the disposal site operator as y.' the material changes custody. If a separate hauler" is used his name,, ' address, telephone number" and signature shall also appear on', the formI' I'-'. !, ;< , /. ./ BIRD 022136 5.1.1.12 When the Asbestos abatement entity utilises a rental vehicle to transport asbestos waste to a landfill- he shall provide the vehicles owner with a written statement as to the intended use of the vehicle. A copy of this statement signed by the vehicle owner shall be provided to the Department upon completion of the project. 5.1.1.13 Submit copies of all air sampling results for clearance air mentoring and all disposal receipts to the Building Owner and the Department. 1.2 Removal- .1.2.1 All asbestos containing material shall be thoroughly wetted through to the substrate using an amended water solution prior to removal. .1.2.2 Components shall be removed intact or in large sections whenever possible and carefully lowered to the floor. .1.2.3 Asbestos containing material shall be removed in small sections, and containerized while wet. At no.time shall material be allowed to accumulate or become dry. Structural components shall be thoroughly wetted, prior to wrapping in polyethylene sheeting for disposal. .1.2.4 Material shall not be dropped or thrown to the floor level. For materials located at heights greater than 50 feet above^the floor, a dust--tight, enclosed chute shall be constructed to transport removed material to containers on the floor. Asbestos containing material may be dropped to a raised scaffold or containerized at elevated levels for disposal. Materials greater than 15 feet above the floor shall be dropped onto inclined chutes or scaffolding or containerized at elevated levels for eventual disposal. .1.2.5 For porous surfaces that have been stripped of asbestos containing materials, a coating of encapsulating agent shall be applied to securely seal any residual fibers that may be present. The encapsulating agent should be chosen so as to be compatible with subsequent coverings. - 1.3 Encapsulation .1.3.1 Remove loose arid hanging asbestos containing material in accord ance with requirements of Section 5.1.2. .1.3.2 Filler material applied to gaps in existing material shall contain no asbestos, adhere well to the substrate and provide an adequate base for the encapsulating agent. . 1.3.3 Ericaosularits shall be applied using only airless spray equipment with nozzle pressure adjustable between 400 and 1500 psi (nozzle pressure and tip size will vary, based on manufacturer'' s recorrmendat ions for various encapsulants. ) .1.3.4 Encapsulated materials shall be specially designated by signs, BIRD 022137 labels, coloir' coding or* some other mechanism to warn individuals who may be required to disturb the material. .1.3.5 Encapsularits shall not be solvent-based or utilise a vehicle consisting of hydrocarbons. 1.4 Enclosure .1.4.1 Spray all areas of asbestos containing materials with amended water if they are to be disturbed during the installation of hangers, brackets or other portions of the enclosure. .1.4.2 Remove loose and hanging asbestos containing material in accord ance with requirements of Section 5.1.2. .1.4.3 Use non-asbestos containing substitutes to patch thermal tion and fireproofing materials when required where appropriate. insula .1.4.4 Enclosures for asbestos-containing materials shall be specially designated by signs, labels, color coding or some other- mechanism to warn individuals who may be required to enter or disturb the enclosure. (Note:- Acceptable enclosures are normally air tight and of permanent construction, with the area behind them being inaccessible. ) 1.5 Demolition -- .1.5.1 Any demolition of a structure or portion of a structure which contains structural members or components composed of or covered by asbestos containing material shall be preceded by a removal of all such materials prior to demolition, according to the require ments of sections 5.1.1 and 5. 1.2.. .1.5.2 In lieu of the requirements specified in 5. 1.1. 1.1, 5. 1.1.1. S, 5. 1.1. 1.3, 5. 1.1.2, and 5. 1.2.5, asbestos abatement entities engaging in demolition activities shall comply with the following: 5.1.5.2.1 Before beginning a demolition project seal off all doors, windows, flc'br drains, vents and other openings to the outside of the building and to areas within the building that do not contain asbestos materials, with --mil polyethylene sheeting anc waterproof tape or equivalent acceptable to the Department 5.1.5.2.2 If a structure is to be partially demolished, HVAC equipment in the demolition area or passing through it but servicing areas of the building which will remain, shall be shut down and locked out and thoroughly sealed with --mil polyethylene sheeting and waterproof tape. .1.5.3 No clearance air sampling is required following abatement activities conducted for demolition purposes unless the area is to be utilised by unprotected personnel prior to demolition. .1.5.4 All other requirements of Sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.2, unless specifically deleted in 5.1.5.2, shall apply to demolition BIRD abatement activities. Work Practices f2C small BCSJLSEtS 5.2.1 An Asbestos Abatement Entity engaged in an asbestos project not subject to the requirements of Section 5.1 shall take reasonable pre cautions to prevent the release of asbestos fiber's to the environment. Precautions shall include but are not limited to: 5..1.1 Construction of adequate barriers to contain asbestos fibers release within the work area. 5.. 1. Wetting of all asbestos containing materials prior to removal. Keeping them wet until containerised. 5..1.3 Use of HEPA vacuum equipment and wet cleaning techniques to clean--up the work area following abatement until there is no visible residue. 5..1.4 Containerising waste in appropriately labeled impermeable con tainers (polyethylene sheeting, bags and/or fiber or metal drums) 5. . 1.5 Transportation to and disposal at an approved facility in a manner that does not release fibers into the air'. 3 Work c `.act ices for minor grojects 5.3.1 Glove bag technique. Glove bans shall be used to remove small amounts small e.ounts of ACM from pipes, valves, elbows, etc when repairs are necessary. Procedures outlined in the Georgia Institute of Technology document "Glove Bag Technique for Pipe Lagging Removal shall be followed. 4 Alternative Procedures - the Department may, on a case-by-case basis, approve an alternative procedure for control of emissions from an asbestos project, provided that the Asbestos Abatement Entity submits the alternative procedure to the Department, in writing and demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Department that compliance with the prescriced procedures is not practical or not feasible or that the pro posed alternative procedures provide equivalent control of asbestos. The Department, following its review, may approve an alternative pro cedure if it determines that it will minimise the emissions of asbestos. 5 The asbestos abatement entity shall transport asbestos mayerials in accordarce with the following procedures.: 5.5. 1 Drums, bags and wrapped components that have been removed from the work area shall be loaded into an enclosed truck for transportat ion. 5.5. The enclosed cargo area of the truck shall be free of debris and lined with 6 mil polyethelyne sheeting to prevent contamination from, leaking or spilled containers. Floor sheeting shall be installed first and extend up the side walls. Wall sheeting shall overlap by six inched and be taped into place. 5.5.3 Drums shall be placed on level surfaces in the cargo area and packed tightly together to prevent shifting and tipping. Large BIRD 022139 structural components shall be secured to prevent shifting and bags placed on top. Containers shall not be thrown into the .truck cargo area. 5.5.4 Personnel unloading asbestos-containing waste shall be protected by disposable clothing including, body and foot protection and at a minimum, half--facepiece, air--purifying, dual cartridge respirators equipped with high efficiency filters. 5.5.5 any debris or resudue observed on containers or surfaces outside of the work area resulting from clean--up or disposal activities shall be immediately cleaned up using HEPA filtered vacuum equipment and/or wet methods. 5.5.6 Large metal dumpsters used for asbestos waste disposal shall, have doors or tops that can be closed and locked to prevent vandalism, wind dispersion of asbestos fibers or other disturbance of bagged asbestos debris. Unbagged material material and non--asbestos waste shall not be placed in these containers. Bags shall be placed, not thrown, into these containers to avoid splitting. 5.5.7 Asbestos containing materials shall be landfill. Temporary storage at a location project shall not be permitted except on authorised by the Department. transported directly to the other than the abatement a case by case basis when i. 6 The asbestos abatement entity shall dispose of asbestos materials in accordance with the following procedures: 5.6.1 Upon reaching the landfill trucks shall approach the dump location as closely as possible for unloading of the asbestos--containing waste. 5.6. Bags, drums and components shall be-inspected when unloaded at the disposal site. Material in damaged containers shall be repacked in empty drums or bags. 5.6.3 Waste containers shall be placed on the ground at the disposal site, not pushed or thrown out of trucks. 5.6.4 Personnel unloading containers at the disposal si'te shall protective equipment consisting of disposable head, foot and protection and, at a minimum, half-facepiece, air--purifying, cartridge respirators eqiupped with high efficiency filters. wear body dual ' 5.6.5 Following the removal of all containerized waste the truck cargo area shall be decontaminated using HEPA vacuums and/or wet methods, polyethylene sheeting shall be removed and discarded in bags or drums along with contaminated cleaning materials and protective clothing. 5.6.6 If landfill personnel have not been- pt'ovided protective equipment by the landfill operator for the burial operation the asbestos abatement entity shall make available protective clothing and respiratory protection for the duration of this operation. 5.6.7 Trip tickets shall be signed by the landfill operator and copies provided to the Department upon completion of the project. BIRD 022140 .7 Re-establishment of the work area and systems. The asbestos abatement entity shall re-establish the work area in accordance with the following procedures. 5.7.1 Re-establishment of th work area shall only occur following the completion of the cleanup procedures and after the clearance air monitoring has been performed arid documented to the satisfaction of the building owner or his representative. 5.7. The asbestos abatement entity and the building owner's representative shall visually inspect the work area for any remaining visible residue. Evidence of contamination shall necessitate additional cleaning. 5.7.3 Additional air monitoring shall be performed in accordance with Section 4.5.3 if additional cleanup is necessary. 5.7.4 Following satisfactory clearance of the work area, remaining polyethylene barriers and worker and equipment decontamination enclosure systems shall be removed and disposed of as asbestos contaminated waste. Following removal, the entire area including HVftC filter assembly and duct work shall be wet cleaned or HEPA vacuumed to remove, residual asbestos fibers. At the discretion of the asbestos abatement entity, mandatory requirements for personal protective equipment may be waived following the removal of all polyethylene barriers. 5.7.5 Mounted objects removed from former positions during area preparation activities may be re-secured. 5.7.6 Objects that were moved to temporary locations may be relocated to original positions. 5.7.7 New filters shall be installed inHVAC systems and mechanical and electrical systems shall be re-established in working order. 6. 0 License Application 6. 1 Tc> apply for or to renew a license, an Asbestos Abatement Entity shall: 6.1.1 Submit a completed application to the Department on forms provided by the Department arid 6.1.2 Pay the fee as indicated below, by certified check made payable to the South Carolina Department of Health & Environmental Control. 6.2 License Fee 6.2.1 Asbestos abatement entity fee (contractor or buildir'ig owner, if work is performed in--house) Number of Employees to be Engaged in Asbestos Projects: License Fee: c. or less to 5 6 to 15 16 or more $ 50 $200 $300 $750 6.2.2 Supervisor licence fee: $50 BIRD 022141 6.S.3 Worker licence fee: $85 6.8.4 Consultant fee: $50 6.8.5 Air sampling professional fee: $50 .3 Permit fee: The fee charged for a construction permit for a NESHAP or a small asbestos abatement project shall be based upon the actual cost of work by a contractor and the estimated cost of work performed inhouse: $10.00 per $1,000.00 for each $1,000.00 increment up to $50,000.00? $8.00 per $1,000.00 for each $1,000.00 increment up to $100,000.00; and $6.00 per $1,000.00 for each $1,000.00 above $100,000.00. 6.3.1 The minimum fee charged for a construction permit for asbestos abatement shall be $100.00. r. 0 fiction On fin Application 7. 1 Within 5 working days after receiving an application, the Department will acknowledge receipt of the application and notify the Applicant of any deficiency in the application. Within 10 calendar days after receiving a completed application, including all additional information requested, the Department will issue a License or deny the application. 7. Denial 7.8.1 the Department will deny an application if it determines that the Applicant has not demonstrated the ability to comply fully with applicable requirements, procedures and standards established by the: a) the Department in South Carolina Regulation N0.6I--B6.1, b) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 40 CFR Part 61; c) Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 9 CFR part 1910 1001 and .134. 7.8.8 If the Applicant is denied a license, the Department will re turn to the Applicant the application fees, less administrative fees 7.3.3 the Department will send the denial of an application by cert ified mail. The Applicant may request a hearing within t 3 days after receipt of the certified mail. It if receives a timely request, the Department will hold a hearing in accordance with SC Regulation No. 61--78 8. 0 Cond i.t ions and Generic Siternat i.ve 8.1 In granting a License, the Department may impose reasonable terms and conditions to ensure continuous compliance with the requiv'ememts of' this regulation. 8.8 In granting a License, the Department may -approve an alternative , . procedure for controlling emission from a specified type of asbestos project provided that the following conditions are satisfied: ''' . . . ,s; * 8-8.1 The Asbestos Abatement Entity submits inwriting a specified,: detailed = description of the type of asbestos project and the alternative,- . - , :v.<-. . BIRD 022142 procedure. Q. . T-'.e Rsbestos Abatement Entity demonstrates to the -sat isfactiori of the Department that compliance with a procedure prescribed in this regulation is not practical or not feasible or that the proposed alter native procedure provides equivalent control of asbestos; and 8. . 3 the Department determines that compliance with the proposed alternative procedures will minimise the emission of asbestos in the air. 0 Regrimrmdsj. Suspensions and Revocat ion The Deoartment may reprimand any licensee or revoke or suspend any license based upon violations of any requirement stated herein or in 40 CFR Part Gi or 9 CFR 1910.1001. Reasons for reprimand, suspension, or revocation may include, but are not limited to: falsification or knowing omission of any wr.itten submittals required as part of this regulation, omission or improper use of work practices or employee protection requirements, improper disposal of RCM, spread of asbestos emissions beyond the containment area, or use of improper respi ators. [0. 0 Duration and Renewal of a License 10. 1 Urtle s -;he Department revokes or suspends a license,, the license shall remain in effect for one (1) year from the date of issuance. iO. the Department may renew a license annually if the Asbestos Abatement Entity: 10..1 Submits a completed application for a renewal on forms provided by the Department not sooner than 90 days and not later than 30 days from the date of expiration. IO.. Pays to the Department by certified check, a renewal application fee as specified in Section G. and 10..3 Has complied fully with all applicable requirements and regulations 11.0 Notification 11.1 NESHAP Sources - An Asbestos Abatement Entity which intends to engage in an asbestos project which is a NESHAP source as defined in Section 5.1, shall notify the Department in writing in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 61, most recent edition. 11.1.1 In addition to the notification requirements speoified in 40 CFR 61.146 the following information shall also be provided. A notification form that will satisfy the requirements of this section and of the April 5, 1984 edition of NESHAP is included in Appendix A. 11.1.2 The name or some designation of the structure to be stripped shall be provided. 11.1.3 In addition to providing the DepaY'trnent with the scheduled starting and completion of the project the asbestos abatement entity BIRD 022143 shall notify the Department's District Officer by telephone when the asbestos removal phase of the project project is to begin. This oral notification shall be providedin a timely manner so that an inspection may be scheduled and performed at the discretion of the Department, ft list of DHEC District Offices, phone numbers and contact persons is included in Appendix C. 11.1.4 Separate notifications shall be provided for each NESHAP project. 11.1.5 NESHftP renovation projects shall be reported at least ten days prior to commencement of the asbestos removal .port ion of the project. All of the information required in Appendix A, Illustration A shall be provided to the Department. The Department may waive the ten days prior notice requirement on a case by case basis although all of the required information shall still be provided as soon as possible. 11.S Small and minor project notification. 11..1 Small projects shall have the same, not ification requirements as NESHAP projects except as provided below. 11.. Small projects shall be reported by the asbestos abatement entity at least five days prior to commencement of asbestos removal. The Department may waive the five day requirement on a case by case basis. 11..3 Minor projects that are not regulated by NESHAP shall be reported on a quarterly basis to the Department. A log shall be maintained by the asbestos abatement entity which shall be a record of all of theminor projects. Information contained in the log shall consist of, at a minimum, the name or designation of the structure which was stripped; the amount of insulation removed; the date of the removal; who removed the insulation (building owner or contractor); and the location of the disposal site. Copies of the quarterly - log shall be provided to the Department within 30 days of the end of each quarter. 11.3 An Asbestos Abatement Entity shall notify the. Department in writing no later than 3 days following the beginning of an emergency abatement project.. 1.0 Records ' 1. 1 Each licensed Asbestos Abatement Entity' shall maintain records of asbestos projects which it performs and shall make these records available to the Department upon request. The Asbestos Abatement Entity shall retain the records for at least & years. all IE. The Asbestos Abatement Entity shall record the following information for each project: !..! Name and address of supervisor responsible for the project; 1.. The location and description of the project and estimated amount of asbestos removed or estimated area encapsulated or enclosed at each project; 1..3 Starting and completion dates. If completion date differs from that BIRD 022144 originally scheduled, include statement of reasons for delay. 12.2.4 Summary of the procedures used to comply with applicable requirements including copies of all notifications; 1.2.5 Name and address of the asbestos waste disposal site and disposal receipts (these should indicate amount of material disposed of.) 12.2.6 Results of all air sampling conducted during the abatement including personal, area and clearance samples. O Penaiti.es ' . fin Osbestos Abatement Entity which violates any provision of this regulation is liable to the criminal and/or civil penalties of SC public Health Law 44-1-150. NOTE: Violations of any Federal regulations which come to the attention of the Department shall be referred to the .proper agency. Revocation or suspension of a contractors license in another state for violations of standards addressed in this Chapter shall be cause for suspension of license in South Carolina. 0 Other regulatory requirements The requirements of this Chapter shall in no way be construed to relieve asbestos abatement entities from compliance with other regulatory requirements or contractual agreements which may be more Restrict ve. Direct conflicts with other regulations or statutes shall be resolved on a case by case basis. BIRD 022145 APPENDIX A ILLUSTRATION A Asbestos Removal Notification Form This form is to be completed in full and filed by the asbestos abatement entity prior to asbestos removal projects as required by 40 CFR &1.14S and South Carolina Regulation 61-6G.1,Sect ion 11.0. CONIRACIQR NAME:TM!______________________________________________________________ onnRF'Rq city: ______ii_state :zi p:phone : _ iii_m__________________________ BUILDING OWNER OR OPERQIOR NAME:__________________________________________________________________________________________ ADDRESS__________________________________________________________________________________ CITY: _____________STATE:ZIP:'___________PH0NE:_1___) iUILBING INFORMATION NAME:_____________________________________________________i____________________ SIZE:AGE:IMMEDIATE PRIOR USE: ADDRESS: (street, highway no., etc)_________________________ CITY: STATE:ZIP: REMOVAL INFORMATION STRUCTURE(S> TO BE STRIPPED OR RENOVATED APPROXIMATE AMOUNT OF ASBESTOS MATERIAL ON PIPES(linear feet; if none, so state; method of estimation): APPROXIMATE AMOUNT OF ASBESTOS MATERIAL ON OTHER FACILITY COMPONENTS (square feet, estimation method):' PROCEDURES TO COMPLY WITH NESHAP (if applicable): REMOVAL DATES: startfinish DISPOSAL SITE ... LANDFILL NAME:: ADDRESS:__________________ CITY:STATE:STATE:PHONE: _________________________l____; ****-;{-***************0PTI0NAL INFORMAT I ON************************** BIB SAMPLING PROFESSIONAL NAME:I____________________________FIRM: MAILING ADDRESS:CITY:STATE:ZIP CONSULTANT. NAME:__________________________FIRM: MAILING ADDRE5S: _________________________CITY:STATE:----------ZIP BIRD 022146 APPENDIX A ILLUSTRATION B BIRD 022147 APPENDIX B ;.;r l-.r^'r Detailed Specifications for Sampling and Analyzing Airborne Asbestos The following specifications are summarized from "Measuring Airborne Asbestos Following an Abatement Action" USEPA, Office of Research Development and Office of Toxic Substances (1985). a) Sampling.Equipment. Standard sampling equipment shall consist of a pump (operated at a 2 to 12 liter per minute flow rate), a filter In ' a cassette and associated tubing and supports. Three types.of filters can be used: ,1) PCM -- cellulose ester with 0.8 to V.2 urn pore size; 2) TEM -- polycarbonate with 0.4 um pore size; or cellulose ester with 0.8 um pore size. b) Number of Samples " 1) TEM Method. A minimum of five samples inside and five outside the work area is required. When a negative air pressure . ventilation system has been used during the abatement operation the "outside" samples should be collected outside the work area, but inside the building. This provides a comparison between the work area and the Incoming air. These sample sizes are based on- calculations of statistical reliability and on the following characteristics: - A) The coefficient of variation for TEM measurements is 15QX ' , based on data from EPA research studies.. 8) A false positive rate of .10 (i.e., based on the statistical test comparing inside and outside measurements, . 101 of the "clean" work areas will fail and have to be recleaned). C) A false negative rate of..10 (i.e., based on the statistical test comparing inside and outside measurements, . 10 of the "dirty" work areas will pass the test). 2) PCM Method. A minimum of five samples is required. A sample size of five controls the false negative error rate (I.e., the' probability that a "dirty" work area will pass the test).' ' 'i ; . * ` . .. u. < 'BIRD 022148!* APPENDIX B Location of Indoor Samples 1) Indoor samplers shall be placed so they are not Influenced by unusual air circulation patterns. Avoid corners of rooms and obstructions (like furniture). Within the above constraints, samplers shall be placed at random around the work area. For example. If the area is a single room of 1000 or more sq. ft., the five samplers shall be distributed in an approximately uniform manner. If the area includes more than five rooms, the rooms to be sampled may be selected randomly. 2) When TEH is used for the air test, the five "outside" samplers . shall be placed outside the work area but Inside the building, and the negative air system left running during sampling. These outside samplers shall be located to avoid any air that might ' escape through the containment barriers. Minimum requirements are at least 50 ft. from the entry portal to the work area, or 25 ft. from the plastic containment barriers. Sampling Volumes for TEH. The required sampling volume for the TEM air test' is calculated from the theoretical detection limit of the TEM analysis procedures, and from typical levels of asbestos against which measurements in the work area will be compared: 1) Volume liters = (1 f/10 grid squares) x (855 mm2) x (1 liter) (0.005 f/cc) (0.0056 mnr) (1000 .cc) - 3054 Where:. A) 1 f/10 grid squares (the maximum recommended filter counting area) is the smallest number of fibers needed to make a non-zero measurement. (This is below the limit of reliable quantification.) . B) . 0.005 f/cc is a typical outdoor asbestos level in urban areas, as measured by TEM. C) 855 mm2 is the collection area of a 37 mm diameter filter. 0) 0.QG562 mm is the area of each grid square (75 um per side) in a 200 mesh electron microscope grid. This value: will vary from 0.0056 to 0.0081 mm2 for different grids. Larger grid squares will improve measurement accuracy for the same sampling volume. 2) This equation is appropriate for TEM analysis.using a direct sample transfer technique. APPENDIX B e) Sampling Volumes for PGM. The equivalent PCM limit of reliable quantification for a sampling volume of 3000 liters is: 1) Quantification Limit - (10 f/100 fields) x (855 mm*) x (1 liter) = O.Olf/cc (3000 liters) To7d03"mm4) (1000 cc) Where: A) 10 f/100 fields is the limit of reliable quantification for the P&CAM 239 method. B) 855 mm2 is the collection area of a 37 mm diameter filter. C) 0.003 mm2 is the size of a typical field of view for a PCM microscope. This value will vary from 0.0003 to 0.006 mm2 for different microscopes. Larger fields of view will improve (decrease) the limit of reliable quantification. 2) By increasing the sampling volume, the PCM test criterion can be made proportionally more stringent: Volume 'Quantification Limit 3000 liters 5000 7500 0.01 f/cc 0.006 0.004 3) If the sampling scheme associated'with the new NI0SH 7400 PCM method 1-s used, the limit of reliable quantification will be lower for the same sampling volume. f> Aggressive Sampling. Procedures for -sampling aggressively are: 1) Before starting the sampling pumps, direct the exhaust from forced air equipment (such as a 1 horsepower leaf blower> against all walls, ceiling, floors, ledges and other surfaces In the room. This shall take at least 5 minutes per 1000 sq. ft..-, of floor. 2) Place a 2Q-lnch fan in the center of the room. (Use one fan per 10,000 cubic feet of room space.) Place the fan on slow speed and point it .toward the celling. 3) Start the sampling pumps and sample for the required time. APPENDIX B . 4) Turn, off the pump and then the fan(s) when sampling Is complete. g) Analysis for TEM. Use the update to the EPA provisional method (USEPA Contract No. 68-02-3266 (1984)). The sample shall be transferred directly from the polycarbonate filter to the electron microscope grid. h) Analysis for PGM. Use the NIOSH P&CAM 239 method or the newer NIGSH 7400 method. 1) Interpretation of Results for TEM. Use student's "t' test to compare Inside and outside levels. s 1) Compute the natural logarithm of'fiber concentration for each sample. 2) Compute means of the log transformed data-for inside samples and outside samples. Form the ratio Where: .~ A) yi = average of log concentrations Inside the work area B) Jz = average of log concentrations outside the work area C) S - [(2(y,j - y,)* +Z(y21 - y2)*>/8]''2 3) Then compare T to 1.86 (the 95 percentile point of a "t" distribution with 8 degrees of freedom). If T exceeds 1.86, reclean. Otherwise, release the contractor. NOTE: This formula should be used when 5 Indoor and 5 outdoor samples are collected. If a different number of samples Is collected, refer to standard statistical text for the correct formula. APPENDIX B 4) The following two examples illustrate the method: Example T Measurements inside the work area <f/cc>' Measurements outside the work area <f/cc) 0.002 0.007 0.030 0.028 0.001 0.001 . 0.010 0.008 0.001 0.025 y, =. -11.590 S - 3.436 T - 0.38 y2 => -12.4063 T is less than 1.86. The contractor is released. Example 2 ' Measurements inside the work area (f/cc) Measurements outside the work area (f/cc) 0.052 0.130 0.005 0.240 0.375 . 0.001 0.010 0.008 0.001 - 0.025 yi = 5.850 S 3.653 T - 2.84 y* = -12.406 T is greater than 1.86. The area must be recleaned. 5) The test Is based on the assumption that a homogenous work area . has been selected. If one sample has a much higher concentration than the others it is possible that the area is not homogenous. Common sense should prevail in this case. Irrespective of the result of the "t" test, the high value should be investigated. The sample should be reanalyzed, additional samples collected, or the area recleaned and tested before the contractor is released. BIRD 022152 APPENDIX. B Interpretation of results for PGM 1) The measured level of each sample is compared with the PGM limit of reliable quantification for the volume of air sampled (approximately 0.01 f/cc for 3000 liters). If any of the samples exceeds 0.01 f/cc, the work area shall be re-cleanecf. 2) The probability that each of the 5 samples will pass the test and the contractor will be released given that the actual fiber level in the work, area is as indicated below: Actual fiber Level (f/cc) * Probability of Release 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.998 0.94 0.81 0.64 0.49 0.12 0.01 ^9.0003 3) Thus, if the actual level is 0.01 f/cc, the probability that all samples would be 0.0095 f/cc or less is only 0.12. To.be at least 801 certain of passing, the actual level would have' to be 0.003 f/cc. BIRD 022153 OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL UUALXJLX w4uh,uu S' APPENDIX C DISTRICT AIRrQUAt:ITY'MANAGERS LACH1A I erson, Oconee' Counties) iRSE TOMLIN " ULACRIA II Eenville, Pickens Counties) IUDE MILLER Environmental Quality Control Office 220 McGee Road Anderson, S. C. 29621 Environmental Quality Control Office 605 N. Main Street Greenville, S. C- 29601 . ALACHIA III artanburg, Cherokee, Union Counties) N GARRETf.......... Environmental Quality Control Office 151 E. Wood Street Spartanburg, S. C. 29303 :awba racaster, Chester, York Counties) EV SPIGNER :.ATT r NTRAL MIDLANDS Mailing Address: ichland, Lexington, Newberry, Fair- field Counties) _ )B HUDSON TM- ' ' ' Environmental Quality Control Office 1001 W. Grace Street Lancaster, S. C. 29720 PO Box 100------Fort Lawn, S. C. 29714 Environmental Quality Control Office Pearl Lxghtsey ^Building State Park, S."c. 29147 '225-3731 242-9850 596-3800 v285-7461 758-4415 ' -4142 )W COUNTRY Seaufort, Jasper, Colleton, Hampton bounties) m DUKES,--FREDDY SANFORD A-rER SAVANNAH Aiken, Orangeburg, Barnwell, Bamberg, Allendale, Calhoun Counties) :G MATTHEWS - i: - 'V~ EE DEE ^Florence, Dillon, Marion, Darlington, Chesterfield, Marlboro Counties) )QN. SMITH \' - Environmental Quality Control Office 149 Ribaut Square Beaufort, S. ,C. 29902 Environmental Quality Control Office 117 Marion Street, NE ~ Aiken, S^. C. 29801 Environmental Quality Control Office 3204 Industry Boulevard -- Route 11 Florence, S. C* 29501 524-9760 648-9561 662-3522 CRIDENT . ' (Charleston, Berkeley, Dorchester! Counties) 3RUCE. HENNESSEEt^#MSfifT ` . __ ... " Environmental Quality Control Offices 1000 Air Park Road Charleston Heights, S. C. 29418 ] 554-5533 . UPPER SAVANNAH / (Greenwood, Abbeville, Laurens, Saluda, Edgefield, McCormick Counties) BOB JACKSON" * WACCAMAW (Harry, Georgetown, Williamsburg Coun ties) JOHN AtLISON V:,Y-;. ` Environmental Quality Control Office P-129 ." One Park Avenue . Greenwood, S. C. . 29646 t ' Environmental Quality Control Office 1705' Oak Street I Myrtle Beach, S. C. 29577 223--0333 * f :-448-1202.. WATEREE ` (Sumter, Kershaw, Lee, Clarendon Counties) RONNIE DRIGGERS -. (CDS: 9/84) Mailing Address: Environmental Quality Control' Office 105,N- Magnolia Street Sumter, S* C. 29151 i 773-5511" \ , '778-1531 ' PO Box 1628 , . . 11 /! i ,1 EQC LAB - Hayne Building, State Park, S. C.' " <, (V BIRD 022154 r GTASS PTAMT ASBESTOS SURVEY Wilbur Street warehouse - none. Outside Wilbur Street - none. Glass warehouse - none. Roll conveyor to roofing - none. be fiberglass. Pipe insulation appears to Incinerator area; expansion joints and joint gaskets - looks like glass reinforced material (approximately 20 places). This area looks good. Dryer combustion system; gaskets and joints (> 25 areas) appears to be glass reinforced material. This area looks good. * Two fan and hot box insulation (500 sq. ft.) - cracked and falling apart. Looks new enough not to contain asbestos. Glass Plant: * Steam lines (glass insulation) - none. Looks good. * Hot water lines (fiberglass insulation) - none. Looks good. * Dryer fan insulation (looks new). * Boiler tank (fiberglass) - none. Basement - none. NOTE: The Glass Plant appears to be asbestos free. Approximate Cost: 0 BIRD 022155 GRAmiT.g PI AMT ASBESTOS MATERIAL Over 95% of building wall and roof panels is corrugated transite. The walls and roof have many holes with broken edges. Two openings for doorways are planned to be cut in the transite walls within the next 60 days. (Work to be performed by environmental specialists.) All old steam pipe asbestos insulation was removed years ago to our knowledge. The transite siding is in generally good condition and is nonfriable at this writing. Total replacement cost of all siding and roofing on the Granule Plant is approximately $250,000. I.IHBSTQNB PI ANT HO ASBESTOS MATERIAL Approximate Cost: 0 BIRD 022157 ROOFING PT.ANT ASBESTOS MATERIAL Canopy siding corrugated sheets: #1 rail Shipping/Roofing. Roof area: Roofing Plant and Shipping. #13, #14, and #18 asphalt tank insulation. Windseal tank insulation. #2 slate house siding (corrugated sheets). Approximate Cost: $80,000.00