Document kDQ4JZaLbZY9KjKRkq1Kk9dvE

DECEMBER 19 5 1 . JANUARY 1952 pharmaceutical industry Better Things for Better Living ... through Chemistry s11 Du Pont "I)11111x Super-white Flat Enamel REG. U,S. PAT. OFF. JL adds new richness to fine interiors Imagine ilie rich, velvet beauty of a flat finish, combined with the practical il y you've come to expect from IIU LUX Supcr-whi le Ivnamol. That's what you gel with Du Pout's new I)ULUX Super-while/'// Hamel. No enamel like il has ever been made! This remarkable new wall and woodwork enamel dries overnight to a tough, washable surface. It brushes easily--has high hiding power. I ts snow-white finish slays white. Or, if you prefer, it can he tinted to light pastel shades with Du Pont Oil Colors. Pretested by Du Pont chemists, field-tested all over the country, DU LUX Super-white Flat Fnamel is now available from your local Du Pont paint dealer, lie II he glad to answer any questions you may have about using it. PAI NTS Rto u <, pat . off for ei/ery purpose BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY (Dryiff P1C fc M B h S 1 9 5 1 JANUARY 1952 luu'vo seen llu* phrase in print: you've heard i! a (11<)11san(f ! imeH especially around Titanksgivin;.;. Yotkve probably used it, yourself: "Tint Untied Stales is llm land of plenl y What is plenty? Wlial does it mean? Dot's il mean (hat. everybody lias every Iasi thing he wauls? No, that would be ilownrtylti silly. When we .say America is llu* land of |den(y wr nut;in that more people here ii.ave more lima , ttiy other people in any oilier country haw; ever had. We produce more; fherekn*c- we have more. Mow do we do it? Ollier countries have more nal ttral ro itiiii'riv I lain we have. Si tli wo out produce : belli. Wink IK Otir KOlTot ? Tim answer seems lo lie* (hat thorn is tits am1 wcrel; nnloss it is wliat we call Hit* Anieriean way <;('Ji(e. One i i i;.`ix* t i<;n 1. of "The American Way'' is i ha I Americans an* willing in taken chance in order in earn a possible reward. Oin; people truly welcome new ideas. Seeme a chance for prolif, someone eagerly poos ahead and de velops them. That is what hnpjiened wi111 (he phono graph, the electric fight. i lie auf omohilt*; I housjmds of other things. Hornet tmos ii look only a few dollars. Home! imos il look millions, as with products of ol torn iea l science like nylon or cellophane. Itu itt every case, someone wont, confident !v nliead with an idea. Can il. lie Hint i he American secret lies in (he words "confident ly" anil "profit "? An American niaimfaiiittvr with a chance lu make;1, good prolil on a pood product m afford to In out new ideas with confi dence, Ik* is willing to risk his time and money on new ideas I hnI promise to be j irolil able. And he does il with confidence been use our American way protects l lu; ideas and profits til' individuals and of companies. <mm> BETTER. THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING...THROUGH CHEMISTRY JAMIL'S II, Mu;uii\l 11 :i\, / Vel. 45 No. 6 . -ifiii- l'tid m \ h i.t m ; \ tt ii (.on i)oft. ktvvrpti Ol It l OVKll! This issue brinys i< a close our series of industry covers begun in 11147. Our lirsl. one saluted the auto mobile makers, and we conclude Will, n respectful bow to tlm phrtrrnacmt.ical industry. Drug and me< I ie i iu j manufacturers buy imtry 1 >u I '<>ot chemicals for use b h h b b ill dieir inamilact iiring processes. Inti, t here is .111 even more im portant. reason [01 including diem in Ibis series. At t.tmes our lives literally depend ms them and on llu* purity atio strength of their prod nets. Ariisi < 'a 110 Bianco explained I hat llu* micro Scope sy mboliy.e.s I he mil entry Is spirit, of progress ami resi-arsli. and the man in I lie while coat. I y pi Iks, tin* neighborhood pharmacist. VVf asked a 1101 it. dll' holes in the Wood. "Thai A he said, "is artistic license, pure and simple." lied ms; i-..i>ytii.l!lr, Wihijiii.nt "fire 1 il inj.; ii. oil tin . A'l *\t .-t . ilii Lout . Ir Nciti. usm-nl. Tbw m .;m,v bum uilh.>ul i'Hornncwn rs: iv. tup, rum 1 ;*s\ Crow n i si*JL.j s Ut Ai iTc.-td*/ IVtrltt*, Dhvis & Co. 5 JPmjt? 4, Sr;i| l.'n., 111> . . iwv.ri U *1 * * i-:u?U'''V ht.aivrsj ira f-.ru-v, / >-. , I I'j--: . t'ni I 'i-y SI-umc Hlnh-'n t'lifli.; Pu>:c Id titi! 1m Dip; vi >iifl c n % (! onr-it n -. Mm ini'. tu>,: 1K >v Vci 1 tent Utiml M !u. Cu.: i viji.f i : imndc:.', I V-r n'> /i ' i-'ttfit ru't-t , I 'h i.*. A. < nj*: >`C'iirl >*sr A id ril l.idiotalm irv ] *, rr rdlM : .miltlrsy M t. lup.mi finoisr kb A ; i bii-.i- M.lHl uiris-sy l5.S. l-AUdir-c C*1.. I * ij i rir.hl . Tlir Aual in V. *. , rk'ipy- ,.o, fsdtiigt icurti-hy i;, ii, Asns.y ; I'nip* .; 1, coiiricyr HDubiiiui i>il Cn-i-d h's hard la pnnumnee, hat impmimil far drugs* find tablets, plastics, caiic products and decay-rest sling oranges 1 Prognosis: Death." Thai's what doctors were Haying about Gregorio Xnlles four years ago. as he lay in a coma in a Bolivian hospital. Ilia death certificate was complete except for the date, and burial had been arranged. Exhausted by fever, he was one of stores struck down by a typhus epidemic. Then came the chance visit: of Dr. Eugene Ii. Payne of Parke. Davis ami Company, Detroit. Payne was being honored by (.he Bolivian government for war work, and was just about to leave for South America when word of the epidemic: readied him. At that time, scientists at Yale working under a Parke-Davis research grant, along with Parke Davis researchers, were hot on fin- trail of a new drug. 'Phis "Chloromycetin" chloramphenicol, produced from a mold originally found in Venezuelan soil, had also been studied by Army doctors. Everyone* was enthusi astic, but there had been no clinical trials. Here, thought Payne, was a good chance to see what "Chloromycetin" would do. He took wilh him almost all of the drug then available roughly half a pound. When he readied Bolivia. Hie pitifully small Mueli riv|it fur syullH-tii1 "< :li (or*Miiyrel i rC is line Dr, Loren I .onto 1**11. AI rigfil. n view in i'sirkr-Duvis jslanl. oral I Hospital. Gregorio Znlles was one of the lucky 22 patients all seriously ill and sorm-i on (.tie verge of death who were treated. Forty minutes after he got his first dose, fie asked for water. He's been talking ever since, with possibly some well-chosen words for Mu? under taker who wan so over-prompt with his deal!) certifi cate. All of the Iroated cases recovered. Among the f>0 untreated ones. 14 died. Today "Chloromycetin", although no cure-all, has a well-established place among the wonder drugs. It is used against a variety of diseases besides (ypirns: among them, whooping cough, typhoid, 1 lucky Moun tain spotted fever, uudulant fever, and primary atypi cal pneumonia. Bui this antibiotic has one claim to lame shared by no other. It is the first- and only one to he synthe sized diceiieiilly by a commercial method. The man made product is identical with tin: one produced by ~ % /u V *> K.vnl hetie process turning out "l -hioromyeetin" quickly and efficiently in ton quantifies, the days of the dis heartening words "there isn't enough to go around" are past. About 9(1 per cent of the prasem supply is made in the newer, less expensive way. "One chemical we use in this process is hexa11 let 1 ty lenetetra t nine.'" report s I )r. boron Long, to whom goes modi credit- for the commercial success of syn thetic "Ghloroinyeetin". `'We are now using several thousand pounds of if a week, and (hat will grow as our new' facilities at, Holland, Michigan get: into full operation. All of (lie drug made there will come from chemicals, including (he hexameihylouot-el-ramine we buy from Du Pont." The versnfility of hexamine, as this jawbreaker is known, is an old story around Du Pont-. For years rustomers have used if to make the phenolic resins that, go into camera eases, telephone hand sets, wash ing machine agitators, and radio and TV ca hineks. g.: r. I HHHBt L: 4- , f*, *, it* Scaling lit ,mis Imd IIId f"it ir<tn ron 11 >osi I iri <rm'k r<i<ftire rf*|i- rcF^tilalii r of fork product? iiunlr willi lh* hrlpofllu Pont lir\;iiiirnB Ilexatnim: is also useful for hardening glue, gelatin slid casein (i> make them more wsier-resislnnl, Many of hexamiiio's jobs stem from the fart that 11, reads chemically like formaldehyde, bul, docs so more slowly. This is especially important in making phenol-formaldehyde plastics. In this came I lie full amount, of formaldehyde usually isn't, added (,<> flic mixture in the beginning, because the plastic might harden Ion soon. By making up (he formaldehyde abort age with hexamme, a molding powder that hard ens al, flu: right Lime is obtained. Other times, when hex amine is used in place of formaldehyde, it's it question of smell. To anyone who doesn't appreciate working around an embalming Ihdd odor all clay, hexamine is a big relief. Down in Florida, a new use for ibis compound is going info commercial operation helping prelect citrus fruit from early decay. Here, the aefuai decay .reducer is another chemical, lint when used alone it can damage (.lie fruit. So researchers, working on a joint project, of the Florida Experiment ,Station and tire Florida ('ifrun Commission, looked for a wav to prevent (ins trouble. The answer lay in using hexainine along with the oilier compound. `Hexamine," concurs a horticulturist, of flu: De partment of Agriculture al: Orlando, .Florida, "is all effective saloner for I he decay reclneiiigchemicnv' it's predicted that the new treatment will save the ulrus industry hundreds <>]* thousands of dollars in (lie litlure, .Vloanwhiio, men of Du Don its Elect rochemicals I ieparl menf are looking for still other ways in which that cl ininiea I jack-of-many-trades,hexa mi no, can serve iheir customers and (lie public, 4 ..... k' t elirinicul litm-D" -- tln{`~. m tin I ) on <-ii 11 iicMtiniiK- i it I In - iiiiiimfin-. I lire <f |i1riiol-tni-inat<t<-iiyili* ilrms like wadiiug min-liiiic agilalnt-s. l-in*mr*i into Iu -Mini iiir |irm iiir.- ?,ultl it-i-;- villi n < inn < iiiml fuel fin* wurruiny; liimt The cUriniral Imrn-willi lull lliinn-. '1 liif* 11} loll ilL ust`d kl lisll l^Lc. thru*.. has hmiteUui lmsiiu*t-s tor ( ',;i pi,, Morris \\ i<ck. Nylon cast u|ion the wafers, we said in our November[ December 15). 18 issue, has a way of reluming in re markably gin id shape, Af that lime we were spcnking <if' Fast coast fishermen and <Iiu problem of rotting they were so hang with nylon iiefsi, which can he stored away wet. And we reported on I lie nets' lightness, which makes for easy handling anil com pact, storage. Since then we've heard from another group, the fresh water fishermen who haul whifetish, walleyes, perch, ehulis anil trout, out, of the Great Lake's, Am! we've received about a cloxeti reports, from Florida ami New York f.o Michigan and Wisconsin, on a sub ject that, warms any businessman's heart- big jumps jti production. These reports come from a survey spon sored by two of the companies concerned with turning nylon into nets IIcinimvay and Bartlett Manufactur ing Company of Watertown, ('mined ieuf. mid Brown ell mid Company. Jut;., of Mood us. Connecticut. "When if comes (o catching more fish, nylon's about three-to-one 1 letter ilinn other nets," Frank JfoCI;.:ir of 'Two Rivers, Wisconsin has said. For about two years, he's been landing chubs with a "Nybck" v.el jointly developed hv I lemmway and Brownell. Arthur Lasanen of Luke Linden, Michigan, who used both cotton ami nylon Iasi year, estimates I hat his hauls wont up 2f> per ecul with the '`Nylnek.'' And Cap! ran .Morris Wick of Sandusky. ()hin reports, "I've used nylon all of this season and part of Iasi: season. 11 'k I he best improvement in our business I iml could Ik *. If catches considerably more' fish on (he average." All in all. one tiling is certain. Nylon nets are extremely strong, mid that makes it. hard for a strug gling fish io get free. .1 liven a six-fool.. lOO-pound stur geon can I. battle Ids way out, we hem* from a New York shad fisherman, who adds, "We are sure we would have .lost thin fish hail we been using one of the oilier nets." A lew nylon users lament that, the nets are catch ing l.on well; it.A hard to remove the fish once they're snared. Rut if (.lint's a fisherman's worst, {rouble, it sounds like lie's in file nautical equivalent of clover. Nu (hauls, vnu sa\ bill \va:l a niimi le. -Ml til flic _u i t f mi I hear two cue ~i>11scfh111c lii clii-imVtrv. We nheu nreri l aware <>[ it. Iieeansr rlii'iiiirala have a av of limbny; inln oilier lliinirs i-clcn' Iliev reaeli sforr cumi lers. Arl i ta! I \. uiilv a few items jiirl nivd In re can'v I lie Ihi I 'on I Ova I; life res I are woven ol, mnlileif I mm. painleil willi. in' in some oilier way t'elal-al In Du I'nilf |irmlue|s. \Vr lui|ie one or itioi'e of them will be I he answer In I In - ijne.-linii marks mi vniir Olirisatias ~Iio||iiiui list. 1 TIE CUSP ,,w't (1 // U\hS. \futitihiir it'll IfiUJt lhiv* I'whcthh'tl it! 'Ij!< lit ' . M>uif In li t l.rtl , 2 rum- mu in nn. iu>x. uot- uf fhi Patti "Irh'ifr ' hi Silnrrhnnt Ok nf II itijict'L A:. 1, U PP -WPS, Mtfjc of it* mill;,- u-nii h\ fuihr.hr;}. \`nr )tu!{ ijiy. i u f a t> vti u* r iKur.rs Siif-IJ.S. Sri h lu-fuiarjuf! firms arr (Ufj/i'/rt! rtff; fat .\fftlf P-.'iU'N. Hi j If l\ /7 . "/rltin ' '/uni1h, n-ih'i /*'* jtrfh nl, /frct-r af "ih'fnH . U Unit pshi ir fntturr MrC/t -,>! hirlci !H)I hfts aims nii'f /r.r;.s >*j mi.ihahft tit nprru.y ! hi Pain's rflt'ii) trip Hi hht'i . mmBiH %.r Jv.3 l iB i1iiM113g# BE SH m :. -a ................... an. :'v; . if: ' : *-a* * Hi )< th S. S: sif>i<< t .s\ ftiitrt 11, inn < >!!!'! us fuah-rl li:. sr htuu:,.< n-Rh -hsf'liih fhl Hruil t fuhrtr.S . Ik SHiRi . Mci/r >il I hn run ' }r/ivv/rr iiitfi h K Hituis 1 f,hfifi, \ . 1. (.. nsin\(; u -r es tin,i h e w e r s . \hoh- <i{ i'h>n-siifnui'-m, III I ISCUSE R SHMT. 'hnhvni in SHORT i i Hi HU., i R ' >n rush y h ivif!. Sofii ft \ If aiiiit'lls. \< iV } nti, . ** * : ' --if - 13 ftm Sff unR CUMR SET. On Rout ji>> ih>` /sain . in 1 < StHfhS i}j "Osina '* an i Ur phit . I 7 ,V/(f*//TOO H 'V. Ef!Y.ti\ infan Hnyj-rir i.n an hinti //. iii iwrrooR irun: R r \s . ha cun* Inins "? t> n !.;*(>{! iuiiahh' t-ttnfttisi -i tovnc tu:s nr-u-cm ", \ i lull-hi'isfirti " I-! r?-I\i ;fJ \ -ihfJi'- ai:\ i-nnh anti Slanrtmm ha; H'saHn I'l'nliirm: flow in ml itnliMryb JUli-riii", rii;.!*. I'iik mIiIc holnfi*n; u m- a newly <lcv<lii|je<l ................... |i:i|ter liller. the fhnlloni4` factu! by ntmpromo choniisls in hrinuin!* about I ho union of t nhhvt ami paper ( hemisfry's bitesl contribution to papennnkmg is the successful union of paper and n no |.ireno, I )u Punt's chemical rubber. Today more lhan 50 products arc being eyed by J)u Pont chemists as likely beneficiaries of Hits new partnership. Muifiwal! bags. artificial leather bases, carton liticra, dimensionally stable |>i`itii ini' paper, disposable wal.t`rproof tarpaulins, filter pa pers, and paper bar ml covers appear to }>e about ready for the civilian market. Oil tors aren't so far alone, and need more working over. After spending several yearn and mure (ban $! ,0(10,000 for research, Du Pun I feels licit two proc esses for combining neoprene latex wif.lt cellulose are in a fair state of perfection. In one of them, formed sheets of (taper arc sat urated with a neoprene dispersion. In the other, latex is mixed with (be pulp before the sheet is formed. Pa per. as Ibe process, becomes a complete changeling. Paper wiili neoprene latex added, for instance, lias greater tensile si rung lb. boll) wet and dry; if lias better impact and shock resislance, and increased bursting .strength: it takes on marked folding <mh h]"miw i mi}'}11 bn linn for maps!;; its internal bond sfrengih and aeuff restslance are greater: all witnoui fulling down smoothues*. gloss, raid tear resistance. Du Pont doesn't, make any of the papers we've meal lulled. Put il is standard practice lor (he Du Pons I(`clinical people to sweat out,, along with paper nmnnlad tiror.s. Lhesolut.ion to problems of producing papers tor special jobs. One new product of purl ieufnr interest in niamdai'tiirers, for example, is a neoprene-treated filler paper. 'Die history of iis development is typical of several of these now neoprene paper eonihitiaf tons, Butin up a pttoin i r In I'Jib Du Pont chemists were on (.he. (rail of a paper.substitute for ex] tensive canvas duck filter cloths. I Vogtvna was slow, and I hey were having only mediocre success 'They needed a paper with ml her niiraciileus properties. 11 nni.st. they ligured. retain ir.ndi of iis sirengl li after long .soaking in wafer, acids, and oilier chemicals. Quite an order when even the finest, cloths didn't always measure up to these rigid specifies I ions. The ehemisls had been working with a special latex, a milky-white emulsion of neoprene. 'The liny rubber particles deposited on the [taper libers in the pulp stage, they had found, aded as a waterproof binder and added physical propert ies to the paper that could be obtained in no oilier way. However, it. was necessary tr> produce these proper! ies without loss of permeability if they were to have a grind filter paper. To cut it short, a mill is today producing a ueoprciietrested lilter paper (hat appears to lx; an adequate substitute for canvas duck. Kiigineers at (he Du rout Chambers Works at Deepwater. .New horsey are using il in several opera (.ions as a complete or parlial replaceinenl for cnflon lilter cloth. The cost of (lie paper is b.l cents a square yard. Coii.on find; costs 7b cents a square yard. The Du Font nraijirein; Inttw is nswl iik a binder in flexible burking felt of S1<h u i clll bmi "`Trciitval I'oval 1 covering. people guiding f he project feel that, the annual $151.000 outlay for filler media...duck, synthetic liber fabrics, etc. can Ik * substantially reduced. Room and fadlil ies for paper research and devel opment of specialty papers had been on a catch-aseatek-ean basis prior to (Iris year. Last duly Mb. Du Font dedicated a $2.r0.000 laboratory at Deepwater, which will be devoted l<> latex research alone. In part of the now. two-story building, beaters, driers, and other pieces of pa pen linking equipmcnif can be hooked up (o .simulate different paper mill opera I ions, ft is, in effect, a papormaking plant on a pilot scale. During (.lie ceremonies dial afternoon, a speaker referred to (he "long procession of inlriguing new prod nets" which might, in time, emerge from the new la bon i furies. Purl, of this prophecy is already true. In Du I'nnl - (ii* SltHUtlMI kihoriilon, eln-mhn -Itnb ;iv, n. rubber nilh puper h. m;itr nsHtil ricx [iroilm'ls, Miniature |yi|N-r tx-.-ilcis (left) ami other (ih-crs t>('-f| i|>us-nl jHTinil IItr lalt to sinmhilc didVrciil jia|n*r mill operations. fin Vanl h~Ft>rtnatf`" anti **i*arzatn'' ##> pntlerlittg yon up; Utfnu'co plants against this h'of ih'slroyer haforr it has n rhanra # sirikf* Wh ether vmi smoke or not, you're probably Hi miliar with the big leaver of tobacco that look .something like green ele phant cars when they're ready for harvest. Looking of flic: fullgrown leaf, it's hard to realize that, if- was about the size of a dime when it began one of its most erif.iea1 phases. Tobacco seed is sown thick ly in a plant, Lied ..as early ns December or -January in Florida and Ceorgin. When the weat her begins to gel. warm and I he seedlings are about four indies high, they are transplanted to the field, where they have space to grow. It's important, for the grower t.o got Ids plants in the field as early o h possible, so Unit tie can harvest, his crop in time for the early marketing season when prices are usually best. That means the semi lings in flu; plant bed have 1.f> gel. off to a good start, but keeping them healthy isn't exactiv easy. One of (.lie most serious menaces to tobacco seedlings is ;i fungus disease railed blue mold. 0rowers know if as a bluish downy mold on I he under side of diseased leaves. A severely infested bed .has a foul smell, and finally looks as if it had been burned over. In some tobacco areas, particularly the Connecticut Diver Valley, blue mold is not only a constant plant-bed threat hut in some seasons even attacks plants growing in the field. A severe infestation may wipe out a grower's en tire supply of plants. He can't walk info a garden store the way you might for tomato plants and buy sturdy plants that will give him a good crop. More than likely -he'll have to take (he leavings from another grower's plant bed. Purchasing plants is risky because there's always the danger of bringing new diseases into the soil of Ids tobacco fields. When blue mold first appeared in southern to bacco areas in HD I , them seemed to be no way to control if. Ho growers begun to seed up to twice the normal amount, ol plant, bed area in hopes that enough plants would survive to take care <>[' their needs, A hundred si plan.* yards of bed might be seeder' for each acre of tobacco field, whereas before blue mold appeared. Ml yards for each acre was enough. Ill 1949 this in creased plant bed yardage cost North (larotina tobacco growers alone about $4,000,000, Such expensive measures are no longer necessary. 'Dalny e he mica Is will keep blue mold nu I, of tobacco plan), biahs entirely. Many growers have come lo rely on i)u Pont " Fernvi to" for ham fungicide, based on ferric dimel.hyklif.liiocai'bamate, lor protecting their tobacco plants wi 111 out injuring the valuable leaves. Lined in spray or dual- mixtures before blue mold strikes, it will protect the plants. In the past two or 'three seasons, I )n Pont ``I'arzate'' zineb fungicide, based on zinc ethylene bis dithine,irbamale, has also given excellent control of bhio mold, and some growers prefer it. Agricultural authorities in i-l c* leading tobacco stales recommend for I rue and zjneb almost u: river sally for control of tobacco blue mold, tn some oflicial recommendations, "Ifoniial.t..1" or "Tarzafe" is speci fied by name. VVhal, does control of blue motel mean in dollars and cents? Howard It. (farms, plant pathologist af North Carolina State (folk-go. makes (Ids report baaed on figures compiled by F. A. Todd of (.lie U, S. De partment of Agriculture: Without blue mold control measures, the cost of producing plants for net f-ing an acre of tobacco is a bin if $20.40. Jivon then blue mold may wipe mil- the bed -so the grower has to buy his plants, at a cost of another $24 to $40. A farmer using control measures cun reduce the size of Ids plant lied, and cut the cosl to a haul $14.40. In other words, investing $3 in blue mold control may save over $40 for each acre of tobacco field, ft's nol a bad investment that yields over 1,000 per cent return. in the early clays of tin* auto, such materials as sugar, honey, kerosene; anil ealeitim chloride were uwd to keep cooling systems from freezing. However, they wen; un satisfactory arid uwially harmful. Out oflhi I-'ontehnn* leal research have (sonic "Zermie" antifreeze and "Zftrex" iintifrcrac for safe, sure protection against freraing. rust and corrosion. Al ' 11 h0v* , L. % umtmm\ /hi,>..m a mo ,|, `Ofctvn., <'111 1 jph f !4'h-3itf*W -s Wm (/o v Z ., you Perl. .nuance t rsls haS c pi' i\ *"d that -7.('riinc . I)u Pout > standaiii-priei-il atttilrei '/c. when used |ir(i| rH will jins >i* i lhcirnt pi-otci-tcon uyuhint frer/aHy. rie-t ;rod conn .ion for jour nut o| /,<'<* curs nit the road today . ih,. has,., ,2L r'(m;U,,'n! and rro,.,,, ilil'i* f. j,*r p. t,, _oc. '' s slory After 22 rears, lhi Pmii reports on an early customer for the No. et7" line of automotive products. He's still doing business ill the old stand--plus some netv ones. Back in 1920 when Herbert Hoover hud jus I, moved into the Wiiile 1 louse, stock prices were riding for a fall and the new Model A Ford was the talk of I.he automobile world.. flic first chapter in (.lie story of Manning Evans was written. A Du [-knit advertisement told how in eight years Manning had parlayed a world of ambition and few hundred dollars into a thriving service stat ion jbwsiness Son Jimmy claim'; a major slum- of Maiming Kvan<` allriition when llte work <lnv llcr (|i< > discuss model railroading. in ins hometown of Columbia, South Carolina. (Start ing out with one gasoline station in late 192th hi; was operating four by 1929. the arl said. ft told how Manning had arkkxl to his profits by stocking (he popular line of Du Pom. No."7"products, beginning wi(h No. "7" T )ueo'' polish in 1.92G. It com eluded with the observation (hat Manning, a successful businessman at the age of 150, believed he had done nothing remarkable - that any hardworking young follow could have done Hie same. Thus ended the first, chapter. Then, a lew weeks ago, a Du Punt, Magazine reporter was Hen), to ('oiumbia with this assignment: renew the old acquaintance with Manning Evans; find nut how the years have dealt with this enterprising Du Pont customer. Today the I'1,vans Motor Company whirl; Is another way of saying Manning Evans is prospering. It operates two gasoline stations, leases (.wo more fo outside operators and is currently building a fifth. A fuel oil department, started in the late aids, sells a million gallons yearly. A tire recapping chop, opened last March, is fining $(i,00t) worth of business a month. Manning calculates the present worth of the Evans Motor Company at about. $250,000. At least, (.hut would ln* his asking price were he asking. .Not. bad, w I Kin you remember that he started business with a stock of 200 gallons of gasoline and f>0 gallons of oil, half paid for and half on consignment. Hi* si ill carries I he f; i.st-n to v mg I i tie of I )u Pont No. "7" produce at his st<il it ms. and estimates that lie's sold about $K*,(1()0 worth of N>. "7" "Dtieo" polish alone over i.Im years. Ilis particular favorite is, Du Punt Cooling System Cleanser. "1 leeI I'm doin' the customer a good deed by sell in' It to him,-' In: drawls, "I just tell him he's guild to have trouble if lit' don't, dean out his radiator." /'s Manning Means' business lias expanded, so has Dei PonCs automotive line. There were four No, "7" products in HI29 T)tico" polish, nulo fop finish, nickel polish and touch up black. Today there are ISO, and Manning's shelves carry most of them. The principal Evans service' station is near flu; geographical cento1' of ('olurnhia, a little over a mile from the state capitol. Manning's odiee is fucked away on I he second floor. NO MM K ON THE DOOIl The boss occasionally lends tin* gasoline pumps himself, hut it's a far cry from the old days when he started his own business. During those early years lie opened the station at b a.in., had his meals brought to him. and often closed for the night after the last street car had gone. When help was scarce during the Iasi war lie sometimes worked a db-hour trick. ``We don't, have any lock on the door of (Ins slalion." Manning boasts. "We're open around the dock around Hie year. I closed up one Christmas. and 1 had so many ('alls I decided never again. 1 stayed open (lurin' the war because the public has been pretty darn good lo inti, and 1 felt I owed them something." One thing I hat strikes you immediately about Maiming Evans is his ouls|x>ken pride in the South in general and Columbia in particular. For years he spon sored an annual barbecue for the University of South Carolina fbtilhyll team. Me never misses one of their home games. He's a member of (he Chamber of Com merce, the Junior Chamber, the Lions Club, and steward of i.he Shannon Methodic Church. Ai flic bottom of Evans Motor Company slniioitery appears the sentence: "This paper is made of col ton, (.he principal crop of the South." "It was my own idea," Manning says. "T just Walked to remind flu; local people Hurl: our main crop is used for something lies ides clothing." Manning Evans, his wife Hetty and their nineyear old sun Jimmy live in n comfortable nine-room brick house in one of Columbia's hotter districts. Jimmy, horn long after the Evans had despaired of having children, is obviously Hie delight of his father. "I 'd like to lie aide to spend more time with the hoy," s< lyw his fa flier, eyeing the active youngHler indulgently. So I.hat's din pier two on Manning Fan ms. 22 years later. 1 led doin' all right for himself, and in (.lie process Ids eushliners and his community have bene fited. too. The reporter prepared to fake his leave. "I Had you slopped in." said Manning. "Now that you know where we live, don't stay away so long nexl time." 13 The Evans Motor Court puny, started on n shoestring, continue lo grow, A tire recapping shop was opened u few months ago The Iloss discusses product performance and selling slants will W, II. McBride of Da Pont, sales representative for No. "T* line Dakotans may raff them the Mack Hilly fml the Hmnestake Mining C.ompany has made lIt cm famous for that precious yellotv stuff try 4. 4. TORPCY In the museum al l leadwood, South Dakota (.hero's a piece of sandstone, found in 1887 by one i ,miis Thoen. Scratched in it, apparently with a .knife, is the fol lowing: `"Came to those hills in iH.'i.'i seven of us DoLa-compL Ezra Kind, 0. W. Wood, l1. Brown, If. Kent, Wm, King, Indian Crow, nil died but me Ezra Kind killed by Ind behind high lull Col, our Cold dust June 183-1." 'Flit; reverse side reads: "Cot all the gold we could carry Our ponies all got by the Indians I have lost my gun and nothing to eat. The Indians hunting me." Although the origin of I he tablet is open to some question, its message about, the gold is 24-carat fact. The Sioux India ns were known to have gold even be fore the recorded dates of the area's d iseovery by while men. In 1874 an expedition under General George A. Custer wan sent into the Black Hills to get information about the lay of the land. Bui, even before the expedi tion'?: official reports were published, rumors that gold had been found gave impel us lo a rush that reached stampede fever by 187'!!. In the Gold 1 tush <if '7(> placer claims were lo cated on practically every creek in the northern Black Mills. Several were very rich, especially the Wheeler Claim from which about $100,001! was panned during the year. But placer mining... that is. washing the gold from the gravel of the creek beds...was shortlived. Within a few years, the hewhiskered prospector with pick, shovel and pan had left the seem*, and the si age was set for more modern methods. As early as the .summer of '7o a few venfuresume souls were investigating qua viz lode claims. Among them, Moses and Kred Manuel woe the most fortu nate. A tier reading newspaper accounts of Custer's expedition, the two brothers met in Helena. Montana and headed for the lolls. After a winter of prosper! ing. I.hev discovered the Homostake Lend (pronounced "Iced"). A ledge or outcrop of ore was raised a "lead" - - and iliafAn the story of how the present mining TIsy llomcslake Mining Company wrenrlic* 1,14)0,000 loan ot gold ore :i year from South DakolaV hi If-. town h i i <ea<! geta its name. A year IrJor a represented ive of a Hat; Francisco syndicate e;,me in ilia I'lark Hilts mid optioned (lie f lomeslake and ((old Star claims for '>70,000. These daims, covering about. liai acres. are a very small jtarl of (be tUHMI acres now owned by ibe flnmesbike Mining (Yimpany, Thu earl', 1 lomestake omperty went Into produc tion in 187.Y after overcoming more (.ban its share of (liiliculties. At the time, for example, (he noarc-si ntib I'oad point was af. Sidney. Nebraska, AH of (he eqnipmcnl including 00 ore-crushing slumps weighing 700 pounds apiece hail to l>e hauled *270 miles by os team. By duly, however, the slump mill was finished and ready to go. With tire* (urn of Hie century came many techno logical imprm omenl s to ! loeieslalu'. For instance, the recovery of gold by amnlgmuai.ion was replaced by cyanide trea t meri t, and many other ii mo vat ions (ha t advanced the science of metallurgy were adonted, Today miners wrench I yliHLOOO Ions of ore a year from its golden hills. Two shafts are in operation - - the Boss w;fh a depth of 1,1(H) feel, and the Yales with a depl It of A ,2afl feet. M inmg is conducted oi: 27 di lieriai l, levels, with sinnci 200 miles of tunnel openings. The ore is unusually hard nnrl tough. A man with a pick could hardly make a ueiif in it. Tilt* rock's even harder titan Mount, iiuslmiore granite where 1.1 te faces Tlsrrr mil v In- j i,j |i| tit tile proverbial liilh. 1ml ifs spread thin, fills littUon is the- annuint ohlumiH from t ton afore. of Washington. Jefferson. Lincoln and Theodore Roose velt, are carved. To break up Ktich ora and prepare it for handling requires many special types of tools and equipment. I )u 1 'out explosives and bias! in;.; supplies are members of (his I cam. If very year I lomesfala' serfs off more than 1,000.000 blasts that explode b. I00.000 slicks of "Rolex" No. 2 dynamite. Ifncl-forend, these sticks would reach from 1 xmi. Smith Dakota lo Denver, (\>1nrado. Wil.ii liiese mountain-moving quantities of ex plosives, dSf.OOO feet of 7 x 7-foot tunnel are driven yearly through waste rock to read) the ore. Blading iih way io gold, (tie I lomeslake Mining Company lias played a big pari, in developing the Black Hills country. Anil for over 70 years, it 1ms helped to build a prosperous Soidh Dakota. divine its commercial bow in 1928 Du Pont "Luciie" acrylic resin has been used successfully in airplane canopies, advertising signs and automobile ornaments, to name only a lew products. Not long ago the transparent plastic established itself in still anal tier lidd. Barrels, tanks, liners and oilier equipment made of "Laciie" are now being used in elecfropbit ing dm;, chrome, niekd. and I lie like on items ranging from snap fas loners lo clod.italic parts. "Luciie"' withstands [.he high temperatures oncoimiered in many plating operations. If resists the corrosive ad.ion of many electroplating solutions, is light in weight, shafter-resist,-nil. and notteoiwind Ive. Manufacturers of (he equipment Udylil.e ('orpnral ion of Delroif. Singleton ('ompanv of Cleveland, Bdke M aiiuiacl living Company of Chicago find "I xicile" oasy to work with. Ii can he punched, stumped, drilled and sawed. (Vtnenlvd or heat-welded joints are as strong a;s flic plastic itself.. an important point in case of accidental damage on the job. The spoil < sm,'in fora firm which has used plaling barrels of "I .iicite'' for 20 months says: "These bcrrels have been a. ildinilc saving to us. Because (hey are easily re pa in id, our m.ninlenanee expense' on (.Ids type nl eijuipmeni. has been reduced more than 90 per eeut Chemical engineers help new pnnluets up the sleeft [Hifit front the fahontlttrv ht the marketjfhiee (s (his ut tif'U- is written. hnrriaut inthish v is fat al a sift a a if it til shuntn{e t*f engineers. * hemind taifjinua s ftmtaiti limn, f ht i but! films*' emphi\ s afunft 'J.d(H) t'linrnind < npinvtas :Jh pa vent ntnre (lift!! ri ih't tide opts anti ilos iipvts 'mns fm tihtnil .100 mart1, industry tts a nhtdr nt'vds ahtnt( h.OfU} ttj these trninni mm and funian n \ <tn\ l'h" defense program has iniensrji rti (fa's demand. and. at (In- s'fittf' time. shunted a (ante ntinthvt of eititfneei inii fur lift' urmeti services, By E. TL MANCMKSTKIl and KKSTNR According to legend a European science professor once thanked God that, no discovery of Ins had been "prosti tuted to practical use." I happily for all of ns, his stiffjiedcod attitude is long since out of dale. If probably would shock the professor to know that today thousands of chemical engineers make a career of putting to practical use the disco verb* of their brother research chemists in the laboratory. They guide n new product from the test tube through the semi-works and pilot plant stages to fullscale production from laboratory infancy to com mercial manhood. The factory equipment they design and teach others to operate makes the research chem ist's dream come true.* and pay off. The latter is important.. An engineer should possess a share of (.he bankers hard-headedness in financial matters, combined with the creative imagination Hint can translate what happens on a laboratory bench into a factory process. 11 is process must be able to compete economically with others in industry. Industrial chemistry is generally dated from the patenting of the soda ash process in 1792 by the French chemist Nicolas LeBlanc, who extracted sodium car honate from a heated mixture: of nodi urn sulfate, char coal and chalk. Hut nearly 100 years passed before chemical engineering came to lie recognized as a dis tinct profession. 10. I. dn Font do Nemours, who founded the Du Tout Company in 1802. was ixaforming the job of a chemical engineer when Ite built Ins black powder plant, beside Brandywine1 Creek in Delaware. The buildings had three stout stone walls, one frame wall and a light, roof, so that the force of an accidental explosion would be dissipated in two direct inns away from neighbor ing structures. It was a safety consideration, and safety is still one of the chemical engineer's primary concerns. In November, 1.887, the faculty of Massachusetts Institute of Technology appointed a committee to "consider instruction in engineering as related espe cially to applied chemistry." A course schedule was adopted the following year, and fire tirsl: class of ehemical engineers was graduated in 1891. The spectacular growth of the American chem ical industry after World War 1 intensified the de nial id. for chemical engineers. Today there are literally thousands of large and small chemical companies in the United Stales, and membership in the American 1 insti tute of Chemical Hiiginecra has increased six limes over since .1.93(5. The i951 president nHbo Insfitule is 1 >r. Thomas l.f. Chilton, a soft-spoken Alabamian whose career covers almost hall' of t ho period during which chemical engineering has been an accepted profession. He directs I lie I )ove!opnienf Bmpnccring Division of the Du Pool Kngineoring Department and holds Columbia Uni versity's ('handler Medal lor I, he formulation of jarinciples underlying mlnin of the unit operations of cllotnicnl enghlOering. Home of (hcso. unit o]soral.ions are Hie flew of fluids and heat., disiillat ion. extract ion, gas ab.sorpt i<)n and oilier physical operai ions involving, in many instances, chemical reactions. Development engineering is con cerned with basic research inlo I lie factors that de(.ermine how materials behave. With this knowledge new apparatus can he designed and existing processes improved If is a never-ending process. Hit' chemical engineer's task begins "as soon as you leave glassware and are ready to build something mil of iron and steel," in the words of Dr. (Ihilfon. Willi list1 rise of chemical engineering there has been a marked change In. the methods of developing a chemical process and of designing a plant for it. In the early days, a chemist frequently guided a product from laboratory to plant, more or less "playing by ear" as he werl. Today chemical engineers are ;m integral pari, of Uie research staff (.hat has replaced I his one- man team. Before a project is approved for extended research and development work. I he chemical engineer is fre quently called upon to analyze the proposed goals of the si udy to see if they are .sound commercially. IJc Works with research chemists; io set up "reasonable" goals of yields. With the help of' others, he estimates raw material and plan I requirements, hi vestment, op erating cont and the like. Thus, he is a We to make sound criticisms and roemimiendal ions for continuing' or dropping (lie research project. In preparing to translate a laboratory process to the industrial scale, the chemical engineer must set up and conduct critical experiments that will define the tad lines of a sate and economical operating process and indicate (tie equipment needed for manufacture. I lo calise of his (mining in chemistry. engineering ant! economics he is most oil on the logical man to coordi nnte the work of tin-* many others who play an importuni part in process development. A recent example of modern industrial teamwork is (he evolution of "Orion" acrylic fiber from I he "glassware stage" to plant production. Basic research on (he liber.forming polymer was conducted before World War 11,anti commercial development was be gun in ISM 7. A chemical engineer directed the task feme of Cherniak! and i>0 t< (!0 engineering specialists of one kird or another assigned io the development, of the process and I lie specification of plant-scale equipmenl. hirst came I he construction nfa semi works to pro vide engineering data and samples of flu; new liber for testmg by textile manufacturers. "Tn gel ting n new product under way. we always keep (bis question in mind; Is it. worth commercial izing? `Orion' coni timed to look good, so we kept on," said one chemical ongineet. After I ho semi-works came the pilot plant;, where a single, plant-size unit, for product.ion of the fiber was built.. There operators were trained by chemical en gineers Io use flie equipment, safely ami eilicienily. At. t he same time designs wore being drawn and construc tion was beginning on a full-sea It; plant a( Camden, South ('arolina. Tin1 (innI step wan a large one. IVoduelion capacity at Camden is fill times that at the pilot plant in Waynesboro. Virginia. In ail, Du I'onI. in vested sonic $`2h,000.000 in the new liber. How do chemical engineers feel about putting someone el.se's dreams to work "prostitut ing to prac tical use" the results of laboratory research? I )r. Chilton had this to say inn talk before student engineers at Virginia Polytechnic Instilule last, year; "Itngmeeririg work yields well in the souse of im portant. accomplishment. Who!her in n large organiza tion nr a small one. it is work of this type that has made possible the material advances in mir civilization that provide hotter living anti a fuller life for all." A dtemiertl engineer led lusk Hirer \r liieli developed "Orion** from "ghwmarr"' sfae,. to fnil-M-ale |iiiiiiuelioii ill <Ijinnleii. Vrrli-I'liml( iiilil fJrjnnsi I picture viml.m =, urr ;i!m> rrriiiiim*inlrl l`nr oilier iim-, Tin-i ......in' in scti-rui rotors. w ti ll iho new I rends in architecture. today's windows are bigger and brighter I him ever, but the problem remains: they must bo able to supply privacy and good looks as well. To the seemingly eternal perplexities of si rules and blinds, curtains and drapes, the new Verti -Blind, product of the Vertical Blind Manufacturing Corpor ation of (icnovit, Illinois offers a new solution. Verti-Blinds are fashioned of 4 f| -inch wide over lapping "vanes'' or louvers hung lengthwise from a horizontal roller installed at. the window (op. By a single pull cord, they can he opened or shut, rolled up or down l.o any desired extent. The (dosed blinds give an impression of pinch-plealed draperies. Their long simple linos with or without side drapes an; excdlentJy suited for eii.her modern or period interiors, for offices arid display windows, or for unusual room par titions. Opened full, the vanes admit floor-to-eeiling light, without appreciable obstruction of view; partially op ened. they direct light l.o either side of (lie room. For a drape effect., they can be parted in tire middle and drawn to I he side through tie-back loops. Kquallv important advantages are found in dura Irilily, ease of upkeep, and a wide selection of deco ra tor colors. Verti- Blinds' vanes are made of Du Boni "Tooiine'' washable window shade cloth, the plastic impregnated cloth which elimmnfen mildew hazards, and resists fading, cracking and flaking. Perhaps best of all, the blinds need a minimum of cleaning, since (ho smooth surface of "Tooline'' sheds dust, and needs only an occasional soap and waster rub to come forth renewed. FI. .von colors are now available, with more- likely to come. They range from chart reuse and forest green to turquoise and white, (dolors can he combined for striking effects. Vcrti-I Hinds are assembled at cording (<> (In* cus tomer's specifications, and about f>,00() homes and an equal number of commercial establishments have in stalled thorn during (lie past year. 18 \\ ln*n Siii-.iiH'ssiiirji <Iim*iis s minimi | I rkaain^ Ircluiiqiics, chances aiv cior. crsuliims will amii jf, [ arnUDil In flu Pi > r i 1 (,rl 4 I S*u t cell u li i>c hands. \ rival till v is ! h i *1 r -a'cnolr, \\ i> \ < \\ nt! < 11 limv lliia |i!'n(liir| 111 * 11 la- I \vn t1 mure nmluhtcrs in a nmipnet display llllil. r-'lalril an-uiinls ul fno.l anil ilrny linns w [licit pal tlicse hands on (licit* (m'.h Iu c Is In p ni ter) llirm fniril famptTim: and adiillrrnlinn....and urn wriltcii almtil one iiiamtl'arl tmc ulin Li 11! thn cork handles nl fisliinp nxls I nun hccominy, st-ilcd ] ni handled in sin res lyv nsiiip a jiri>1 !![i ve :-Lh i <I "<Irl-(>-Srn['', line an* lunr mmv new imlr*. on pai'kasrirua In *i mm* Ifn.<ni fiplilcr. spark s Irnnt III** IIih I li"*la ti jcl ul escapiii** nas. To in- sun furl Imi'I wnMeil. file siniUrr cap is held in place. milil purclitiec. liv it "t ,cl-0-H<aI,: band. Descriptive inulcrinl is made purl oftliis itiotillt w.isli iiacktM'e, The IIi I'nul cellulose Iu iih L v hen it's slipped over folder ami neck of liolltc. shrinks mill holds lileralnrc M-ciirelv lo This Denver company <iiii*o had 2 dill'rrrtit labels on its jars. Fin* secondary mn*. snyliir "|vo**!ii*r Dickhas lin n i*e[ilncnl In a |ii*hif<*<! "*( irM l-Sciii" liainl because il made eoulaiiiri* virlnullv Imii|i*rjiriHil", w h s i*a**._i to apply.anil cost less. I'liarimiceulieal coin panics know llie importance of safe tnird* inc fin* cleanliness f fheir prodncls*. Dam use cellulose hands lo keep <!irl from coliccliii" aroinnl the nuuilli and cap o( medicine bottles, and lo keep llic closures Iroin luosriiiiij*. Like seme chemicals such as sulfur, peroxides have been in short supply for some l.inie now. The pinch of a demand that far outstrips supply has been fell, in l ho textile business, where these chemicals bleach cot ton, rayon and other fillers. Rubber mamifhelurers h-o'" been i-l. And fbe pulp nod pa? tor mdi is! ry Nmv olii<r iipal Memjiiils,mire pliuil for hydrogen [N'roxhle will imikc licit rlirmir.il more available. <'<> pl*lion is slated for lain in 1 has been bit: especially hard, llnt.il I lie shortage arose, peroxides had been expanding rapidly in this industry as blenching agents for groundwood pulp. Wc leporine! on this bleaching process in our Angus 1-Sop tom her 1950 issue, felling how it results in paper that's econom ical, opaque, dean, and tabes printing inks well. The; process, we noted, had saved about $2,000,000 worth of wood in one year. Bui soon (.he growth of fbe process was halted by the peroxide shortage. .Many mills I hat would have benefited from ground wood blenching had to postpone! the idea for a while. Today, the chemical industry is once again seeing the glow ofan adequate supply on the horizon. Du l.'onl, for instance, announced this year that a new plaid at Memphis for "Albone" hydrogen peroxide will si art operation in kite '02. Hen!, "Alhone" will lie marie by an improved process that represents six years of research in Company laboratories. It will lie the first hydrogen peroxide plant, convenient to Southern industries. At the moment, paper companies are .starling to take their delayed plans for groundwooiI bleaching units off the shelf. Several of these peroxide units are already in the planning orconstrue don stages. Alt hough thinking about late T>2. seems premature now, it. taken Lime to got appropriations approved, plant layouts r-. A O: a Hull's cmix one rjuaiilY of synthetic vita min . I, flic* weir biochemical that frees ns of ffeftettdeitcc tm jishermates inch il major advance In organic chemistry came Iasi year with the announcement- by IIofl'nwnn-1diodte, 1 nc., I hat v if amir A had been synthesized ,'incl was being pnhired commercially at the firm's now pharmncimI iea! plant in Nut ley, New -Jersey. Until tlten most vitamin A had come front flu; livers of cod, halibut and sharks, litis fishy origin was evident in the taste and smell of the final nroducl lo the dismay of millions of kids forced to swallow if by the spoonful. The man-made vitamin has none of the pungent odor and disagreeable; afler-tasl e of I he lish oil deriva tive. More important,, the synthetic process can he; controlled to assure a uniform v if am in content, 'This avoids (lie fluctuation in potency and quality eliaracferistic of fish liver oils. Du Pont `'National" anhvrlrmin ammonia plays an important part in the.; synthetic process. One man ufacturing si <>(> involves the use of nmimriia as a solvent for alkali metals. For f his purpose, the. am monia must be pure and free of moist ure. "National" anhydrous ammonia meets the rigid requires!waits of this and other pliannaceufical applications, because it coni a ins 99.99 per cent ammonia, will; less than 50 parts per million, by weight, of wafer. Tims it dissolves alkali metal without the hazard of fire or (he danger of cimlaminating (.he process. The importance of the development can be gauged by the fad- that f he Hoffmann-LnRocbe plant, alone could meet f he nation's requirements for concentrated vilamin A, although a number of manufacturers now use the synthetic process. This ready availability of "SYm iillirliT \ A is muunder ^arH'itl- 1 v uoiilrolli'd rouil ilioitu. Thr |nrrit v t>i Ihi Pout ' "Na- tiontiP" mili) 11 mils:1111 utiin hi tlir-si- hiiili standards. the synihcfic vitamin frees pharmaceul ical manufac turers of' dependence cm reinob'sources of supply and seasonal price variations of (.lie natural produef. The synthetic vitamin is identical with f he nalural one in its biological, physiological, chemical and phys ical properties, although lacking its fishy odor. Since il. is dependably pure, milrilional and clinical workers can now evaluate its effects more dearly. Vitamin A is essential to life, healfh and growlh. The major markets for if. oilier than phanviaeeitiiea Is, are foodstuffs and feeds, many of which are fori hied with this and other vitamins. A Wi.M'oiiMK |i;i |irrniikrr is s;n in" -SI 5-000 ;t jvnr In icing Mil f:n*ir iiriil its i (haloing agrili. . . . eaty front mmmfuelnn' of siveeleninfj; apettls ml iveetf hi lifts to nete ami heller tears of cleaning etfuipmettl If,v -IAY II. MACKEY "Here is a new ehapter in I he story of coni, ;dr and water, and how the children, grandchildren and great grandchildren of this union have found new ways to work for us," We wrote that iirsl, chaplet* on .sulfamic acid fen years ago. Now we're bringing the report up to date. Soon after Du Pont developed a commercial pro cess for making white crystalline sulfamic, acid from urna and sulfuric acid in the lute 'AOs, experimental probing led to several important uses. Sulfamic add teamed up chemically with other compounds to flame proof and soften fabric and paper, it turned weed killer, Dyomakers found if helped produce brighter, dearer colors. At present, 1 ho most promising new application:; of the add tire in 1 lie widely separated fields of denning and rnaiuifacturing. In Chicago recently, we watched men dean the pasteurization equipinenl at a plant of I ho Bowman Dairy Company, one of the largest in dependent dairies in I,lie country. Their director of rcHoardi, Dr. Herbert D. iVlcAuJiffo. explained that during a day's operation there Is a gradual build up of iriiJk solids on the heating surfaces of flu: equipment. At the end of a long rum when as much as 200,000 pounds of milk have been [Kissed <|uickly through the high-1 cm pera fit re pasteurizers, removing thin deposit requires special cleaning methods. The most common cleaning procedure is to pump a hot, dilute acid solution through the equipment to dissolve some of flu: solids and more oH'odJvdy prepare the soil for final cleaning with alkaline detergents. A number of acids can he used, but some are toil corrosive I o the si sinless stool equipment, while others are so weak that, flic; animiids required would cost ton much. "Sulfamic acid," said Dr. iVlcAuliffe, "is strong enough t.o do a quick and thorough job and is non corrosive when properly used. Since! if is a powder (.hat doesn't, absorb water from the air. we prepackage the amount required for our cleaning operations. Bor more than two years now. we've* had a ported cleaning job every time whlmul any damage to ihe ecpiipine.nl and al. a substantial saving, loo, try elimi nating waste and over-usage." Resell!b have been even more startling in neigh boring M tlwmjkec* where a paper inamifaet urer figured out a way to save; $ la.000 a year with this chemical. At ('omell Wood ProdtuTs ('ompany, paper begins life as a shin v of' wafer and paper pulp. The soupy mixture is picked up by cylinder molds and passed on l.o endless India, railed pa permaker felts, forming a eoti! Inuoiis sheet of paper. 'i'he last oftlie.se In flic series, the press felt, I earls o particularly imigh life. 1.1, lias to sunk water from the jet per and. as a rose ft. siring me Trials, fillers and fibers ring its pores so hadlv 1 hat the felt, loses its water absorbency. It must be rejuvenated, or cut oil" and thrown away .after less than a week's wear. Rornell then figured out (Ills money saving recipe: when a press fell gels dirty, dissolve about f>0 pounds of sulfamic add in hot wafer and spray on (he felt for 20 millilitre, HIh h u wilh plain water and start the paper rolling again. At ('ornall this treatment makes the felt about as sob., dean and absorbent, as new; its life span is doubled or bed for. In addition, Kiidhniic acid is now being used ms cylinder molds. Sulfamic also canwed a niche for itself in the phar maceutical industry iveenlly as a basic ingredient in a. new rum-caloric drug 20 limes sweeter than sugar. This Abbot.f. I,a bora furies product, "Jducaryl" evoke mate, came inlo I icing because a young chemist paused hiring an experiment nl (he University of Illinois to trace down a sudden sweet taste in the cigarette lie was smoking. Ablxil I became inf ores ted in i his sodium cvelohexylHullamate, mid I aught themselves how to pr<iluce it for those who crave sweets but must eat. sugar--real tided dieb-.. "'Suenr>T! slays sweet even atb( filing and linking temporal urere, so ripped izing pies, cakes, puddings, icecream, and even preserves can be cooked walls Hit' new product. The Pin id and Drug .Administration in Washing ton gave "Sut:aryl': the green light. users smacker I < heir Sulfamic acid is a Inisir iitgrcdicnl in uni imiicuhirtc Musdcuiug; agent ihal slaw 'wn-l oni ilitrtMi; cmikiiiK, lips over ils clean sweet taste, and the fond Indus!ry visualized a new market of sweel -loving but calorie conscious consumers. A fruit cornier in Chicago, several national ice cream matiniactureire, and a brand-name camlymaker all successfully ieal.ee1 "Hucaryl". An Iowa bottler is sailing soft drinks sweetened wifi; it. Sweets and sulfamic acid meet again in sugar mills. The ex penance of sugar producers in the Uniled Slates, C-uba, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic has shown that; sulfamic acid will dean lheir evaporating equipment thoroughly. They also agree with Bowman 1 bury Ihal i his is an economical and safe-to- handle acid. The possibilities of tliis chemical till a good-siaed booklet, lair example, the t Irasselli ('hemieals I leparl meet product informal ion hid lei in goes into detail to explain how improvements can he made in dyeing procedures, hydrocarbon colalysis, manufacture of plastics, nml pickling and electroplating of moials. Reports .have been written on the ; uadis use in surface active agents and for a score of other applications. Unduly, the supply is ; ikml iful nmv. for there is no tell ing how many inure ofsulfamk* acid's "promising uses" will become '"practical uses" during ils second decade. In ; (.liicngn pifml, ihc proper ,-iniuinit of I In* till l'ut acid is mcmiircd <ml for cleaning slninlis-, >trel milk jia.-.l*nrP,iii.i r<pnj(ini*iil. Tin* acid Jr, Uat used liolli here and abroad by sugar milts In clean evajwiralln rqii|tiii-iil iill.till cni iotlinE if. Perilaps in no other mmiufactudm: process is the waste of raw materials so threat as in fin; wood in dustry, In one recent, year alone, wood waste from logging, himlierinp; and mannfael.uring of woorl nrod nets amounted to l08,!)S)i),0(K) tons. This huge loss is everyone's concern, for if is a factor in the cost of houses, furniture, and all products made of wood. More l.han >10 years ago. wood technologists sought ways of transforming wood waste info a userful material. Among other things, they tried lo make a composite board of wood chips and shavings, but. none of tin:* ad hesives then available made a satisfactory binder. Then about ten years ago, they turned to (.lie new syn thetic resins and found wbaf they wauled. Today, more than 17 plants are turning out, structural boards made of a small amount of resin and great qunnf.ilJOK thousands of tons - of waste wood. One of the largest companies in this imlusl ry is The Plaswood Corpora lion of Detroit, M ielugan. ()| i orating under a patented process, mills at Hope, Arkansas; Wilton, New Hampshire; and Hoitl h Nelson, New Brunswick, Canada are producing plaswood at, I lie rale of about ir>n,0(JO square feel daily. In the Plaswood process, wa.sle wood is reduced 1,0 fingernail size by chipping and grinding. Then the wood particles are dried. The treated material Is coated with a synthetic rosin and formed into straight or curved boards under heat and pressure. The Plaswood Corporation makes its own ad hesive by combining formaldehyde with Dr Pont crystal urea, a white, crystalline chemical that lias a variety of uses in many other industries. The urea formaldehyde adhesive imparts strength and waterrcKislaiiitc* I<t I Sic new board and make,*'. it- resistant to it It ads by fungus nr term lies. In contrast wil.fi other types of Nym.kefie resins. Plaswood reports; that the urea resins give both-r physical properl ies at a con siderably lower cost. They are .also more readily avail a hie and easier to formulate. I 'laswiH >d has a hard si iff; use that will not. scratch, deni or mark easily, lake wood. If may lie painted, sawed, planed, nailed, sanded and drilled. I'laswoiif! products are being used currently as core slock lor plywood and furniture where flic dimen sional stability of I lie new product is an important ItttPtM Wood w h k Ic Is tin* chief ingredient of (iluswood, find il is ground inn! chipped to llngeriinil slur, IJren resin is used as tile binder to uuike a strong mid wiitcr-rcsistunl board. Plaswood is vcrsHlili!, Uses range from core stock lor plywood and furniture In underlay fin* linoleum. melor. They are also being used as an underlay for linoleum and asphalt tile, in roof decking, and for >;irlit.ious. 'Hie Fedor;.I Housing Authority has tested and approved the tine of plnswood lor exterior sheathing, subject In (he same limital ions which govei ti the use of all fiber board fur ibis purpose.. I laswood is otjt-Hturidmg as a cure for plywood and deeoral ivo plastic la to in; it.es, because the lack of grain direction miiiimiy.es warping, and the continuous sur face eliminates mist'd or sunken joints. Furthermore, plmvwood furniture cores cost approximately one-third ;ess than conventional lumber ones. Curved plaswood is being used to make chair backs. (liber molded pieces are being lasted for many mere u n i's , N on d<>n I have to Ire a conservationist In appre ciate {lie invention of plaswood. But the fad that thousands of fens of waste wood already have a re birth of usefulness promises increased benefits in the future. :if L IN ew car co lx >rs Tier Hear of (.onu> liltn\ Pebble Tan or Yuma liaise? They're samples af the popular neiv pasfe/s you 'll be seeing on fhe 1952 moilels DETROIT, MICIIKI/XN This is the high point of the year in the Motor C *ii.y equivalent to magnolia time in Charleston or the Mardi Oras in New Orleans. The work and planning of many months are over, and fhe ears America it . will hoy in I9f>2 will soon he rolling off the assembly lines onto showroom floors. :1 Ills Ron I RfTniish rejireseiitalivr. lefi, gels loivfjoo a on rur colors for Ur can now slarl |irihi<`tion wheels 111 ruing. One tiling a visitor notices i mined ini el v is that flits season's models are decker! out in more al tractive new colors than over before, Industry spokesmen say there are a third again as many new ear colors (Ins year as last, The explanation is that, with i he unee-Tiin defense pid lire holding up most major model changes, the accent is on Use car's (hush. The motoring public's current preference for light colors grays and greens are special favoriles; is re flected in fhe 19112 lineup. At leas! half of the colors being introduced are pastels. 'The darker colors arc principally melnllic: finishes. Two lone paint jobs are common, a (.rend stimulated by flic popularity of hard-top convertibles. (lolor soled ion in 1 )olroif is a year-round business. As a rule the initial plans for the now colors are drawn up hv color specialists. But later, because of i he many technical problems involved, fop production people us well as promotion men. creative sty lids, and color experts work hand in hand to conic; up w-lh colors', that are not only beautiful lo look a I. but are also excepl ionallv durable. The results of their combined eHorls .are given .such melodious natims an ( Ten>kce lied. Bulfasl (hoon, Potomac Blue. Pan fare Maroon and Oriole (I ray. .Picking nanus; for (lie new color*; sounds easy, but Sharp-eyed color slonler in finishes plan! sprays -ample of ~ihir>". Il must tiialeh aiilo maker's color shmilnrd prrl'eelh. if. nin'l liPreKKarity so. This year, for example, one union pronto! km manager (.timed down Miami Hand mi IIu* theory llial loyal Californians wouldn't buy it no mailer what, il looked like-. Du Port! welches the color selection process will) more Ilian ordinary interest.. Since ISRD the Finishes .Division fats maintained dose personal eon tad w-lfi automakers through on-the-K] m>|; color spetda lists. These experts submit color samples of "Pueo" automotive lacquer,s and "Pulux" enamels It* the; manufacturers far in advance of the new car .season. Some of the enters suggest ed are necepied as is; others tire mod ific'd in meet t he individual maindacl nrer's ideas. The k u eefts at (he service depends mi the abilily of Du Pont color special is Is to keep abreast of I ho cons! ant iv-changing color trends in I lie industry. To stay ahead of this demand tor new colors re quires continuous experimentalion and testing by Du Pont. A couple of years ago, for example, the (*omI winy's Pi{fine! its Department came up with a new oigment colled BON Maroon, The Finishes Division Laboratory in Philaddphiu dispersed 1U>N Maroon in lacquer and sent tost pa in'Is off In Florida for exposure trials. Many more experiments followed before the working properties of (he linisli satisfied into plant requirements. Now the new "Dueo" lacquer color is being introduced on a popular-priced 15)f>2 model. It has a highly durable finish and a warm, rich tone. An interesting phase of (.lie color story is f lic part played by the Du Pont Hef'mLsh Sales section, which supplies car {loafers and refillishor?s with ready-mixed colors to match all I In.; new models. As soon as colors have been selected by the auto manufacturers, a Du Pont Refinish represen tative in 1 Adroit, .starts flu* product ion wheels roiling. By (he time the new models reach showrooms the new collars arc; available (o ear dealers and refinishem all over (lie country. This re quires quick ad ion on die part of all concerned in the. IicTmish distrihul ion system, right from sales t hrough the TJ Itelirush warehouses to Du Pont, jobbers. A typical Du Pool Kefmish jobber lias salesmen out servicing his car dealers and retinisher customers soon after the new car color in fori nation has been released. far dealers are (lit: heaviest, users at livd because wlicii a new model comes through from the factory with a scratch, it must he repaired immediately and perfect.lv. Later on, the not ion's refinishers become the heavy users to meet the demand for touch-up and over-all car relinishing in I he new colors. PI aiming for the |9B,`> models is already some months along. As part of it, new finishes in which auto makers have shown an interest, are now lifting tested for exposure characteristics in flu* Florida sun. Other samples an; being made up in Du Pont laboratories. "Anyone with experience can build a car that lakes you where you want to go,'1 said a car sfv list recently. "What we insist, on is a car flint will he a pride to own. Dolor is an important pari of its esl.het ie appeal.'' From o u t ( oJumiis ' ( fht Pott I Agricultural lUuxIcr, !'A 12) "One of our enterprising t 'alifornia agricultural blasters has just, closed a co of met. to clear a large area of land controlled by an Lnglish syndicate, at. (he fiend of which is a Brifisfi Lord of (.he Realm. Lords, dykes and kings all look alike to our blasters. They would just as soon have* I heir money as (Ik * coin of good American citizens." "Over a large part of many western stales the old buffalo wallows are si ill a nuisance in i fie Helds. To remedy (Lis at. a frilling cost drive a round steel bar info t he renl.er of the wallow, and touch oil a ball stick of I)u Pont dynamite in flit* hole. Your bog hole will be no more and yon will grow bn Iter crops oil that spot, than in any other part of the held." ( Du Pont Magazine, P).')2:* "Millions >f people are collecting package wrappers of cellophane . . . raid buying the colored sheets at stationery and chain stores l.o make belts, cigarette cases, handbags, lampshades and other useful articles . . . No one seems to know where the idea was first developed, bid when a Hollywood actress was seen wearing a cellophane bell-, thousands of people wanted to know pronto bow ibex were made." Want to give your pachages a personal touch? Its easy with rayon ribbon Unfortunately, in our era of store-bought gifts, it's easy for 'holiday presents to seem "canned" and im personal. They're sold by rush-harried salespeople, bought by crowd-harried shoppers, and paid for in cold currency, Of themselves, they often have about the warmth and individuality of a K-ration, The remedy, it seems to us, Is not for Grand mother to get out her knitting needles and make personalized gifts for the family--or any such backto-the-soil procedure, Simply by packaging them in terestingly, store-bought gifts can be given a lot of personality. Making package creations is easy and fun. Start ing with good-looking wrapping paper and lustrous ribbon of Du Pont rayon, you can easily turn out novel hearts, bells, butterflies, pompoms, or elegant formal bows. If you'd like to try your hand at some of these, you might want to drop a line to Chicago Printed String Company, manufacturer of "Satintone Ribbonette." The address is Room 12, 2300 Logan Boulevard, Chicago 47, Illinois. Their gift wrapping division, "TieTie" Products, offers an instruction folder that shows how simple it ia to make clever packages. "Satintone Ribbonette," made of Du Pont rayon fibers held together by an adhesive, is durable and strong, yet gracefully pliable. It's available in many colors--in either a crimped or smooth finish--at the wrapping counters of leading gift, stationery and de partment stores. Even if you don't feel artistic, though, you can still have novel bows of rayon "Ribbonette," The em ployes of many gift wrapping departments across the country have been specially trained to make them for you. 28 SI IkSTANTIAl. }>R1()K Cl TS on TVfarIal.e'! motlioxychlnr and FPN-k0() insecticide's wore announced recently l>v I >u I'mil, The red net.kms were made pos sible by increased sales volume. FPN-.'SOO, for example* reeomrnenrlerl (inly for eonlml of orchard miles when if was introduced 18 months ago, is now used ngains', several insert, pests. NKV\ COLORS FOR NYLON thal give superior sun and water fastness are now available from l )u Pont. Trade-marked "('apraevT' tlx es. the colors will lie especially useful on nylon spoil clothes, headmen r, upholstery, anti other fabrics exposed to sun and mois ture. They also give similar color fast ness on woo! and wool-nvlon blends. For information write Dyestuffs division, Nemours `.lotFt. Wilmington. .1 V laware. 1 m e' -i-S ! :.f C- ;......(-He.Cn NEW PI 1 ARM ACF.I TICAL PLANT of il.e Upjohn {'oinpanv, near Kalamazoo, Michigan, has lilt) sepa rate air eondilinning systems to meet, exacting needs of various depart merits. ('(unbilled , the systems move 2.810,not) cubic, fed of nir a minute. Kofrigeralion units u,-v `TYenid' flcnritialed hydrocarbon refriger ants safe because they are nenllnnuitable, nonoxplu* sivo naff virluaflv nonfoxie. 1 fy i/:* y A vir Wk t P A, : f. =: Lb v-i:-;; vy: *: D * AaFt & *4 VC:-i' MVi yyv. NO BATHROOM E(KL Steam cnmiot. ft>g the mir ror of this bathroom cabinet manufactured by Charles Parker Company, Meriden. Connection!,. Note how ordinary mirror in center of picture is ftigged by steam ing kettle. An electric healing dement marie with a special eondud ive compound of I )u I 'out neoprene keeps (.lie "lass warm enough to prevent condensation. The chemical rubber was cause 11 because of its heat resistance. WHAT CARTRliX.ldS FIT wind rilles. pistols and revolvers? This is (In: information contained in two new folders. For free copies of "Remington dun and (lari ridge Adaptations.'' and "TVf.ei's (Tin and Car-. i ridge Adaptations," write the Advertising 1 lepnrfine111, Room. 1) 8. Remington Anns Company. Inc.., Bridgeport 2, (Tuned icut.. a. TIRE VALVE CAPS of Du Pont nylon plastic are a new product of the Dill Manufacturing Company of 700 East 82nd Street, Cleveland, Ohio, The caps make an airtight seal, won't chip or split, and resist corrosion. They come in three styles. Including the "screwdriver" type above, v = FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION on any of the products or services mentioned in this issue write the Editor, Du Pont Magazine, Wilmington, Delaware. A new l.ype of ietil. is milking life move comfortable for onv soldiers those days. 11, is light and pliable enough for one man to put up even in the coldest weather, yet die tent has two layers instead of the usual one. The older ply is a tightly woven fabric of the type tested by Admiral Byrd in the Antarctic, and the inner one is a light industrial sheeting that looks like sugar sacking. Between the two is an air space for insulation. 'This construction keeps moisture from condensing on the inside of the tent and dripping on the occupants, but the (.real.menl given f lie cloth is equally important to the comfort and safety of the men. Both layers are treated with "Erifon" flame retardant so that stoves can he used inside the lout. How many of the new' tents is the Army using? No one is giving out exact figures, but millions of yards of this tenting have been bought by the military. The same properties that make Erifon" promis ing for civilian awnings, tarpaulins and clothing won Army approval for tlie j ic w tents. "Erifon" flame re tardant leaves the pores of a fabric unclogged so that moisture can escape. This is as important in tents as in jackets or overalls. And cloth that lias been through a bath of the chemical does not get; sticky In tropical heat, or stiff in polar cold. Production of the (lame rolardani is being in creased, although it is a relative newcomer among Dn Pont produels. Its development came from a study of titanium chemistry by the Pigments Department. When it was introduced two years ago, we pointed out: that "Ifrifon" makes cotton, rayon and other cellulose materials (lame retardant. If retards combustion so that these flnnnviables, if ignited, won't, continue to burn and spread (ire. "Erifon" is a complex chemical mixture, and must lie put on the doth in a textile milt where application can Ik ; carefully controlled. Dry cleaners and laundries aren't, equipped to do this. Now applications are lining studied. Experiments in service I airs, for instance, show that it's feasible to treat dr,apery fabrics for hotels, theaters, schools and other public places. Properly treated fabrics exceed the requirements of Pedera] and private (lameproofing tests, and they si,ay Hume resistant after long weather mg or repeated washings and dry cleanings. Another group interested in "Erifon" are do thing manufacturers. They arc now evaluating treated cot ton work clothes for men who work near fire hazards. Suits and overalls for weldors, steel mill workers and others are in actual use to see how wo!! they stand up. If results are as good as expected, scientists will be much closer to their goat of a simple flame resistant treatment to reduce loss of life and properly from (ire. l alirir list'd l<> nisike ui`w2-|i!^ Army tuf is Iit n iIimI ^ ill) '"KriJ* u' i!miu` i't"l,ir*hiuL SUtvr Tail Jie i ;<*! U-nl. l I.lie octane eon nte i s ll /Unit's molar gasaHne surrey lwitajits the motorist as nail as the tut industry If von should (Hill into your favorite service station an >und New Year's Day and find a si ranker having a gallon can filled at the gasoline pump, don't jump to any conclusions, l ie may he nut of gas or he may be out! of 31 Du Pont represent;! fives collecting samples of gasoline a!, selected stations from coast l.o coast. 'i'lie mundup of samples from some (0 American cities marks the beginning of the Du Pool motor gaso line survey, conducted cjuarterly by the Pel roleuin llhemio.nls 1 Division in del ermine I,he anii knock mi ing and lei methyl lead content of motor fuels markelod throughout, flic! country, '['he whole survey operation, from sample collec tion to delivery of published results, is completed in three weeks or less. The schedule requires some fast leg work. Out: Du Pont mao. for example:, picks up samples at 24 service stations in Denver, Colorado; Casper, Wyoming: (Teat Kails, Montana, and Aber deen , South Dakota. He flies from city to city to moot flic deadline. Altogether, as many as 700 samples of regular and premium grade gasoline art; col levied. They are rushed for analysis to (he live district laheralories of (he Petroleum Chemicals Division. The data are checked there, then air mailed lo Wilmington for further checking anti tabulation. To save printing time, as many pages as possible are sol up before printing deadline. Only tin* final figures have to be dropped in al the last minute. Tibs emphasis on speed is the score I of the sur vey's value lo the petroleum iudusl rv. Oil refiners and marketers want the information while siuneihing can si ill be done about- it. One company's fuel octane rating can't lag behind (hat of another for long- - not in the oil industry. ('onipetition among refiners, spurred by pressure from automobile engine designers IV>r higher nni ikuoek fuel, has been of real Ixmefil. to the motorist. Ifel ween 1000 and 1950, for example, the octane number of .regular gasoline rose from (SO to 8-1. and that of pre mium from 7-1 to 1)0 phis. The result of fuel-engine improvement over lire- period has been a gain of .`10 per cent in fuel economy, neetmlitig to a recent study by an automotive research laboratory. In planning its quarterly survey, Du Pont- gives careful consideration to selection of brands, number of samples and the choice of elites, so that reliable conclusions on trends can be drawn. Brands chosen arc believed lo f>e representative of llie .range of quality offered in a particular area, and samples arc taken from service si aliens appearing to have a reasonable turnover. Brand names are eroded in the printed re port, and each refiner is given the code for his own brand only, 'Flic survey serves a secondary purpose, loo. Oc casionally the .Du Pont laboratories will come up with :i gasoline sample containing more to I rnoi Iwl lead than is permitted by the government. As a manufacturer of TEL ami an adviser on {.lie proper handling' of Hie antiknock lhiid, Du Pont can -point out Hie con dition to the refiner. The first, of these survey reports was mailed outtwo years ago. A measure of their popularity is the fact that twice as many copies are being distributed now. In giving the oil industry an updo-dai.e self-porlrait, Du Pont feels that it is also performing a service for the indusl ry's final judge, the American motorist. Want to m.ukea boy happy this Christmas? Thief) give him a gun of his nwn. It- makes no dif'fereiice yvbet her it Ik ; a highly engraved eusl oni-lmilt small gauge shot}*iin or a rea.snnalily priced .22 caliber single shot rifle; if it is "a ii ids own" one of the chief desires of Ids young life Ins probably been realised. Young America's desire to possess "a real hinting gun" is traditional, lie considers the privilege a recog nition that he has attained tin; age of respmlaibil il v, and l.liiil. his parents consider him capable of handling lireanns in a careful and safe manner. ``I low ok! is old otto ugh for my l>o,y or girl to handle firearms?" is a quest ion fhnl lias puzzled many parents. Usually youngsters arc* ready to start shooting when they have shown sense of responsibilil y in o| her Helds, This may be at. 12, Id or Id years of age. How can a parent know that Ids child lias a sense* of responsibility? iy asking himself,a few simple ques tions, such as: "Would J trust him to carry t he neigh bors baby across I ho street, or take a $20 bill to the grocery store, or carry a really important and confi dential message, nr lord; after tlie house for a day while I'm away?" The answer to these questions will help subtle you i.o a decision, A hoy's firs! stun is usually a .22 caliber rifle, and properly so because it. is easier to tench basic, shooting principles with lids type of gun. Once you have given it; to him, it. is your fluty to see that; he learns to use ii safely and properly. If you are not a sportsman, discuss the matter with some friend ex perienced in such affairs. 11, will lie best to arrange for the youngster to at.I end a class sponsored by some dub alii I inter I with the National Rifle Association. Here he will hove the benefit, of expert guidance along with other pupils of Ids own age. which will mace I.he ir,'lining period all the more pleas,oil for him. I ft his is not. possible, ask some friend who is a compelen( in-, sfrucl.or to give your youngster the right start. < hull in formation on shooting instruction may lx* oblained by wrif inR. i fie Hee Ron, Promotion I )ivision Iteming (on Anns Company, Inc., Bridgeport. < 'nmieefieuL > Completion of a course in gun handling ones not necessarily mean that a hey is qualified (o go large! shooting or lm.mf.ing alone, f lo needs adnlf supervision for a year or two no Limit he will know, and hecoine imbued with, all tire rules of safety on I he rifle range or in the woods and .fields. Shooting with a .22 caliber rifle in not* an expensive sport. Itemmgton Arms < 'ompsny. I no., a .1 hi I'onl subsidiary, lias been a lending maiuifaei nrer of sport ing firearms ami armnmiilion fur many, many years. They produce an inexpensive line of .22 caliber rifles that will delight: the hear I of a youngster. and the cost of Remington ,2,2 ammunition is nominal. Hut regard levs <f cost, when you give a youngster a gun, you give him a lifetime of shooting pleasure. rooms To most of us, spotless white in hospital linens is as symbolic as red for fire engines. But if you haven't seen an operating room lately -and we hope you haven't had to--take a look at the colorful one below. It's in The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, D. C., and illustrates what's happening in many hospitals throughout the country. The growing trend toward color is not a matter of prettiness. It's a calculated, scientific affair. "To a surgeon, white is just an uncomfortable glare,'' says Victor F. Ludewig, superintendent at George Wash ington. "Color reflects less of the bright light focused on the operating area. So a surgeon's eyes don't tire so quickly. Besides, different colors in different parts of the hospital make it easier to sort linens in the laundry. Green for one area isn't mixed up with blue for another. " Some hospitals use dyes in their own laundries. But Ludewig reports that his institution prefers to buy linens already dyed by the manufacturer. "It costs a little more at first," he tells us, "but that's more than compensated for. Mill-applied fast dyes last much longer, and don't take up time in our laundry room. They give us more uniform shades than we could get ourselves, and save the cost of frequent redyeing." Men of Du Pout's Dyestuffs Division say much the same thing about the use of color. For years, hos pitals have been writing to Du Pont for information on colored linens. The advice they receive has always been the same: take advantage of the extra-quality service you get from fast vat dyes applied by the textile in dustry. They keep colors on the job longer with less inconvenience and with greater long-run economy. v'\Wre a mighty smart shopper, Mrs. Gray/7 HERE'S HOW CELLOPHANE HELPS YOU GET YOUR MONEY'S WORTI YOU SEE WHAT YOU BUY. Arc those cookies chocolate--or ginger? Like your mea11 ean ? R o 11 s n icely browned? I low much cheese is a pound? No guess work when you buy food in transparent Cellophane . . . you pick and pay for exactly what you want. KEEPS FOOD CLEAN. Food goes in your mouth-- and your family's. If you buy it in Cellophane, you know it's safe from dust, dirt, flies. And no other shopper's handled your food in "touch-me-not" (lellophanc packages. KEEPS FOOD FRESH. Food in Cellophane fresher in the store--and stays fresher at home. 'I reseal tile package, just twist or fold the wrappe shut: bread stays fresh, potato chips crisp, veg< tables garden-crisp. You save waste, use all you bir YOU HELP YOURSELF ... NO WAITING. Self service foods in Cellophane make shopping cjuickcr. Just pick what you want and move on . . . no waiting! It's the smart way to buy. Ce/fophane shows what it protects... protects what it shows/ DU PONT (ellophane <fflP0NI> BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . .THROUGH CHEMISTRY Listen to "Cavalcade ofAmerica " Luesday Nights, NBC Coast to Coast