Document k9p0XEaJZ5a4Zm86a7QG6xjoO

FILE NAME: Caterpillar (CAT) DATE: 1954 DOC#: CAT063 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Conference - Workmen's Comp Problems - Dr. Hueper Presentation - Caterpillar's Dr. Kronenberg Listed as Attendee, Pg. 232 PROCEEDINGS--iOth Annual Convention of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Quebec, Canada, October 3-7,1954 Workmen's Compensation Problems 1954 BULLETIN 180 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Jam es P . M itchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STANDARDS Paul E. Gurske, Director Iw ev tri T his B ulletin N o, 180, contains the proceedings of the 40th annual convention of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Com missions, which was held in Quebec, Canada, October 3-7, 1954. Proceedings of the convention have been prepared for publication by the staff of the Bureau of Labor Standards. A SM IIb y ( ; 0 0 iq I v Original from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 126 1054 MEETING OF IAIABC O ccupational Cancer Hazards V . D. Hueper, M. D., Chief, Environmental 'Cancer Section, Cancer Institute, U. S. Public Health Service, W ashington, D . C. A . Scope Occupational cancer hazards have plagued mankind for thousands of years. Undue exposure to agents of our natural environment such as solar radiation or infections with the worm, Schistosoma hematobium, have doubtlessly been responsible for the occurrence of cancers of the exposed skin among outdoor workers and of cancer of the bladder among farmers of the N ile valley even during prehistoric times. However, it was not until the advent of modern industrialism some 150 years ago that occupational and industry-related agents have attained a preeminent position in the human cancer problem. N ot only are occupational carcinogens the only well defined known causes of human cancers, but their number and variety have steadily increased since Pott in 1775 first related the occurrence of scrotal cancer among chimney sweeps to thoir exposure to soot. Our real knowledge and appreciation of occupational cancer pro ducing agents as phenomena of modern industrialism dates back some l Fiotraa l. O' i inoI from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 127 75 years with the discovery of the relation between the occurrence of skin cancer and an occupational exposure to coal tar (fig. 1). The data given in the following tables (1 and la) briefly summarize the salient additions to the information on occupational cancer hazards made since that time. They list the various chemical and physical agents so far recognized or strongly suspected as causes of cancer in man. They show, moreover, the different organs and tissues representing the target organs of these agents and the number of occupational cancer cases placed on record or known to have been recognized as caused by them. T able 1.-- Occupational Cancers Recorded in the United Slates and Foreign Countries up to 1952 Agent Number o Number of Sites of cancer cancer cases cancer cases In U.S.A. In Europe Total Arsenic________ ________________ Coal tar, pitch____________________ Petroleum________________________ Shale oils_________________________ Lignite tar and paraffin____________ Creosote oil______________________ Anthracene oil____________________ Soot-carbon black_________________ Aromatic amines__________________ Roentgen- and radium-radiation___ A rsenic__________________________ Asbestos_________ ________________ Chromates..................................... .......... Nickel_____ _______________ _______ Coal tar, pitch____________________ Petroleum________________________ Benzol___________________________ Isopropyl_________________________ Radioactive chemicals_____________ Skin______ __ do______ __ do______ __ do______ __ do______ __ do_______ . . . d o ............. do............. Bladder___ [Skin______ | Leukemia. _ [Lung______ Lung_____ __ do............. __ do............. '..d o ______ Nasal cavlt.v. ,Nasal sinus. Lung___ _ _do__ Leukemia__ Lung______ Larynx.. Nasal sinus. Bones_____ (Nasal sinus. , 110 70 7 1 1 350-100 (?) 16 22 75 0 0 0 7 11 1 4 6 9 3 Total______________________ ---------------- - 1 750 25 3, 150 29 1, 900 14 40 20 190 1,200 (?) 13 650 16 63 65 84 51 53 33 31 0 0 0 0 0 7,650 1 Approximate. 32 3, 260 99 1, 907 14 41 20 191 1, 600 (?) 29 650 23 85 140 84 51 53 40 42 1 4 6 9 3 8,400 MOI 128 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC Table 1a.-- Time Table of Discoveries of Occupational Cancers Name of agent Date Discoverer Organs affected Nature ofexposure Chemicals--Organic: 1775 Coal tar (lignite)______* 1876 Coaltar (bituminous)__ 1802 Coal tar (anthracite)....... 1910 Coal tar (fumes).............. 1936 1020 1908 Pai affin oil (shale oil)__ 1876 Petroleum still coke........ 1890 Petroleum paraffin oil__ 1910 Petroleum lubricating oil. 1930 Shale lubricating oil........ 1910 Bcniol................... ......... 1928 Aromatic amines (dye 1895 intermediates). Isopropyl oil__________ 1952 Chemicals--Inorganic: Arsenic............................ 1822 1887 1930 Asbestos.......................... 1953 Chromates....................... 1935 Nickel....................... ...... 1932 Physical agents: Ultiaviolct radiation....... 1894 Roentgen-radiation......... 1902 1908 1911 1922 Radioactive substances.. 1879 1923 1929 1931 P o tt............................ Volkmann.................* Zweig.......................... Bell............................. DervIlle and Guer- monprez. Wilson........................ Delore A Borgomano. Rehn........................... Weil, Smyth A Male.. Skin________ _____ ...d o ......................... Blood-forming tissues. Bladder, ureter, kid- ney. Nasal sinuses, larynx, lung. Occupational. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Hutchison................... Saupe.......................... Lynch Smith.......... Pfeil .......................... Lung........................... Nasal cavity and si nuses, lung. Do. Medicinal. Occupational. Do. Do. Do. Unna............ ............. Skin,.......................... Friehen....................... Wyss........................... Von Jagle, Schwartz A von Siebcnrock. Beck............................ Ilaerting A Hesse___ McNcnl, Ward and Willis. Loewy____________ M artlan d .................... .......do.......................... ....... do.......................... Blood-forming tissues. Bone........................... Lung........................... Skin............................ Blood-forming tissues. Bone.......................... Do. Environmental. Occupational. Medicinal. Occupational. Medicinal. Occupational. Do. Do. Do. However, an indiscriminate acceptance of these figures as reflecting the actual scope of the occupational cancer hazards would seriously be misleading for the following reasons. The presence of occupational cancer hazards has so far been established for only a few worker groups having contact with one or several of the carcinogenic agents listed. While, for instance, it is generally known that workers em ployed in gas works and coal tar distilleries or engaged in the cleaning of petroleum stills and having skin and respiratory contact with coal and petroleum pitch and tar show an excessive liability to cancer of the skin, and apparently also, of the lung, there does not exist any official record of similar cancerous complications among electrode w orkers in alnm im im production p lan ts where, an exposure to fumes. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 129 from the electrodes consisting of a mixture of coal tar, pitch, and petroleum coke exists. Reliable information, however, is on hand that these workers suffer from cancers of the skin and, possibly, also the respiratory tract. The extent of this exposure hazard may be estimated by the fact that approximately two-thirds of a pound of electrode carbon is consumed for each pound of metallic aluminum produced, of which 800,000 short tons were consumed in the United States in 1945. It is equally significant that agents which have been reported to have caused occupational cancers among workers of an industry of one country, do not seem to have the same effect upon the workers of an identical industry of another country, if the available data would be accepted at their face value. Since carcinogens behave in their fundamental disease-producing properties like pathogenic micro organisms, there is no sound reason to assume that carcinogens make any distinctions in their activity or effectiveness for any national reasons. In fact, it can be shown that such scientifically incom prehensible discrepancies are mainly due to local differences of report ing of occupational cancer cases. The existence of an excessive liability of gas house retort and coke oven workers to cancer of the lung has been reported from Japan, Canada, and England, but not from any other country despite the fact that the exposure conditions for workers employed in such opera tions are identical. The occurrence of an appreciable number of arsenic cancers of the skin among Gorman users of arsenical in secticides was placed on rocord during recent years. If full credence would be given to reports on arsenic cancers observod in the United States, one would be led to believe that arsenicals in our part of the world are carcinogenic for almost exclusively medicinal reasons. Again, it is hard to assume that arsenicals would make such dis tinctions. A similar situation seems to exist concerning the car cinogenicity of lubricating oils obtained from petroleum in different parts of the world. Although there were placed on record by English investigators during recent years, several hundred cases of skin can cers duo to occupational contact with lubricating oils, practically nothing is officially known as to the existence of such industrial diseases from the countries on this side of the Atlantic. One seems to be content with attributing here the English observations to the carcinogenic action of shale oils, the large-scale industrial use of which was discontinued during the 1920's, and therefore cannot account for the more recent English cancer cases observed among spinners, mechanics, engineers and othor workers having had exclusive con tact with lubricating and cooling oils of petroleum derivation. ITY OF ILLIN( 130 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC It is worth noting in this connection that during the last 20 years, there has been an almost complete lack of published additions to the list of occupational coal tar, pitch and creosote oil cancers of the skin from the United States, although such cancers have been observed and are recorded as such in industrial records, and despite the fact that the annual reports of the Chief Inspector of Factories of England and Wales have regularly listed notifications of such lesions to the extent of from 100 to 250 cases per year. One may also reflect on the fact that the last published figures on occupational cancers in American dye workers appeared in 1938 and listed less than 100 cases, all occurring among employees of one com pany. During the intervening 15 years, the total number of such cases has risen several fold and no official data have become available from any of the other companies producing and handling carcinogenic aromatic amines used in the production of dyes and rubber anti oxidants. In contrast, recent reports by English investigators sup ported by the English chemical industries have supplied adequate figures on the number, incidence rates, and attack risks of bladder cancer among English dye and rubber workers who had been exposed to the same carcinogenic aromatic amines with which the correspond ing worker groups in this country have occupational contact. Finally, some consideration must bo given to the fact that the general population has varying degrees of contact with some of the carcinogenic agents through their presence in industrial wastes released into the environmental air and bodies of water, and entering subsequently the soil and the fauna and flora living in such a polluted environment and used in part for nutritional purposes. In the past, claims as to the occurrence of so-called "neighborhood" casos of cancer have rarely been made. The well established former occurrence of arsenic, cancers among inhabitants of a German region in which the drinking water supply was polluted with arsenic from mine slag heaps represents the first occurrence of this type. Following the discovery of bladder cancer hazards among German dye workers, it was asserted that an environmental plant contamina tion with carcinogenic aromatic amines was responsible for the production of bladder cancers among persons living in the vicinity of this plant. While the actual existence of such conditions was denied at that time by other investigators, the recent demonstration of "neighborhood cases" of berylliosis makes such claims appear as not unreasonable possibilities since a highly potent carcinogen, such as beta-naphthylamine, is involved which might have produced such results if the waste disposal and housekeeping methods of the plant were inadequate. It is probable that the future occurrence of cancers of the lung and bono among individuals who lived near berylliumproducing or processing plants might furnish additional evidence of ITY0F ILLINOIS NA-CHAMPAIGf OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 131 cancer hazards related to environmental plant pollution if beryllium and its compounds are not only carcinogenic for rats and rabbits but also for man. Similar conditions of industrial atmospheric pollution exist around arsenic smelters, chromate producing plants, carbon black factories and oil refineries, as well as uranium ore mills. The recent compensation claims advanced on the basis of an alleged existence between cigarette smoking and lung cancer also point to the possibility of a greater future importance of the compensation aspects connected with the occurrence of cancel's from industry-related sources, such as exposure to carcinogens contained in the exhaust fumes from diesel and gasoline engines, or present as additives and contaminants in foodstuffs. It appears from these considerations that there can be no doubt that the actual number of occupational cancers is considerably higher than the number of cases placed on record. It is of some interest, moreover, that the number of cases recorded in medical journals is appreciably higher than the number of occupational cancers which during the last 20 years have come for decision before compensation boards be cause compensation claims in many such cases have been settled out of court. With a few exceptions, such as the incidence of lung cancer among American chromate manufacturers and among German and Czechoslovakian radioactive ore miners, of nasal sinus, larynx and lung tumors among American isopropyl alcohol manufacturers, and of skin cancer among English coal tar manufacturers and processors, no reliable information is available on the incidence rate of occupational cancers of the various types among different occupational population groups. B. Special Aspects of Occupational Cancers A fair and competent adjudication of compensation claims for cancers allegedly caused by occupational agents or conditions requires an adequate knowledge of the special aspects related to the production and development of these tumors and of the criteria by which they may be distinguished from non-occupational environmental (medi cinal, dietary, cosmetic, habitual) as well as "spontaneous" cancers. 1. Definition of the Term "Occupational C ancer--Tho term "oc cupational cancer" is applied to malignant tumors originating in individuals during the course, and/or as the result of the regular and usually prolonged exercise of certain occupational activities entailing contact with some exogenous, physical, chemical or parasitic agent acting in proper intensity. Occupational cancers thus are caused by specific agents or etiologically related to well defined occupational conditions which form an integral part of the ordinary working environment. They differ through these aspects from the accidental occupational cancers which result from or follow upon some extraor- UNIVERSiTY OF ILLIN AT URBANA-CHAMPA N 132 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC dinary, unforeseen, accidental injury sustained at work and being < of a nonspecific nature. 2. Types and Nature of Occupational Carcinogens.--Occupational agents which are known or strongly suspected as having caused cancers of various organs in workers who became exposed to them are largely chemicals. Some of these chemicals are well defined, others consist of variable mixtures of a large number of chemical com pounds, a few of which possess carcinogenic properties. A second group of occupational carcinogens is composed of agents characterized by their ionizing or nonionizing radiation. A third group is repre sented by environmental agents and conditions which sometimes have an occupational association, and which may be related to certain infections or several specific climatic, geologic, dietary, and mitri- tional conditions, and which in part have more or less indirect relations to carcinogenesis (table 2). T abus 2.--Occupational Carcinogens-- Their Route of Exposure and Their Target Organs Qenoral typo Specific typo Route of exposure Target organ Chemical carcinogens: Organic clicmicals--aromatic. polycyclic, heterocyclic Aliphatic............. Inorganic chomi- cals. Physical carcinogens: ionizing radiation. Fiuiulilit' CArtillOgCn5.. Benzol.................................... Cutaneous, respirotory. Beta-naphtliylamine, bcnzldine, 4-aminodiphenyl(auramine, magenta?) (toluidine ?). Cool tar, pitch, soot, asphalt, cene oil lamp black, lignite tar and paraffin oil. Synthetic coal oil and tar (Bcrgius). Shale oil and parnflln oil......... Petroleum fuel oil, diesel oil, lubricating oil and grease. cutting oil, carbon black. asphalt, tor, coke, crude paraffin oil. Respiratory, cutaneous, alimentary. Cutaneous.................. Respiratory................. Cutaneous.................. __ d o ........................ Respiratory................. Cutaneous_________ Respiratory................. Arsenic.................................... Cutaneous, ingestive.. Respiratory................. Nickel...................................... .......do.......................... Cutaneous.................. Transcutaneous.......... Radioactive radiation (alpha-. Cutaneous.................. beta, and camma-radiation). Transcutaneous.......... Respiratory................. Ingestive..................... Culuiu*ouii-. . . . . . . . . . . Blood-forming o rg a n s (leukemia, lymphosarcoma, myeloma). Urogcnous organs (bladder, ureter, kidney). Skin. Lung. Skin. Do. Larynx. Skin. Lung. Nasal sinus, larynx, lung. Skin. ' Lung. Nasal cavity, nasal sinus. lung. Lung. Do. Skin. Connective tissue, bone. blood-forming organa. Skin. Connective tissue, blood- forming organs. Nasal sinus Lung. Bone. UNIVERSITY Of ILLINOIS OCTOBER fr--MORNING SESSION 133 In addition to these established occupational carcinogens there are a number of potential human carcinogens which have been shown to elicit cancers in experimental animals and to which workers become exposed during their regular occupational activities. These po tential agents which also must bo considered in the adjudication of compensation claims, are listed in tables 3 and 4. T able 3.--Potential Environmental Human Carcinogens Agent Site of tumor Type of ex posure Species Types of human contacts Estrogens..................... Breast............... Parenteral......... Lymph nodes... fTnfnnftoilS Synthetic______ - Uterus............... Oral........... ........ Carbon Tetrachloride.. Liver................. Oral............ ...... Chloroform................... .......do................ Oral........... ........ Parenteral......... D DT (a,a-Bis(p-chloro p h e n y 1-1,1,1-trichloroethane). Tannic acid.................. Oral................... Thiourea and derive- .......do................ Oral. - ............. tives. Thyroid............. p-Phenctylurea (Dul Liver ................ .......do................ cin). Diethylene glycol......... Bladder............. Methylated naphthalenes. Bcrgius coal oils and tar. Skin.................. __,..do................ Subcutaneous tissue. Cutaneous......... Cutaneous......... Parenteral......... Fisher-Tropsch coal oils, tars, waxes, greases. Liver................. Cutaneous Parenteral......... Mouse......... Hat............. R a b b it...... Guinea pig.. Mouse......... R a t.............. Mouse____ Manulacture. Dietary additive. Cosmetio ingredient. Industrial solvent. Degreasing agent. Dry-cleaning agent. Fire-extinguishing agent. Manufacture. Production of freon, drain fumigant. Extractive of oils. Solvent and Extractive of oils, resins, rubber, waxes, Iodine, alkaloids. ' Ingredient of lacquer, floor polish, cleaning fluid. Production of artificial silk, plastics. Insecticide. Food contaminant. Ingredient of foodstuffs (fruits, wine, coffee, and tea). Medicinal agent. Tanning agent. Citrus fruit preservative. Medicinal agent. Sweetening agent. Antifreeze. Intermediate in exposlve manufacture. Softener of lacquer inks, wood stains, glue, textile, humectant (tobacco). Vehicle of Insecticides. Manufacture. Fuel. Lubricants. Plastic production. Petrochemical. Fuel. Lubricant. Petrochemical------------------ ?rtwl N I O M Y OF ILLINOIS AT URJSANA-CH AMf'A IG N 134 1954 MEETING OP IAIABC T able 3.-- Potential Environmental Human Carcinogens--Continued Agent Site of tumor Type of ex posure Species Types of human contacts Light green SF bril liant blue FCF fast green FCF. Cellophane, polyethylene, polyamide (ny lon), bakellte teflon, polymethyl methac rylate. Subcutaneous Parenteral......... R a t............ Textile dyes. tissue. Food and cosmetic dyes. Subcutaneous.. Oral_________ Parenteral____ Mouse......... R at............. ___ do------- Food dye (orient). Qasoline dye. Flare color. Film, fiber, plastic-industrial manufacture and uses. Wrapping material. Medicinal agent. Liver, thyroid... tissue. Parenteral......... Rabbit........ Respiratory....... Rat.............. Oral................. .......do.......... Parenteral......... .......do.......... Metal alloy, X-ray tube, phosphor manufacture. Refractory vessels. Atomio energy production. Soil contaminant. Coloring matter of glass, ceramics, paint, rubber. Metal alloys. Rubber accelerator. Photoelectric apparatus. Decolorizer. Fireproofing agent. Medicinal agent. Metal alloys and plating. Coloring matter of glass, ceramics, paint, rubber. Medicinal agent. T able 4.-- Carcinogenic Chemicals Eliminated as Environmental Human Carcinogens Agent Site of cancer Type of ex posure Species Intended use Rtvrvl 2-Acetylaniino-fluorcns. tissue. Subcutaneous tissue. Brain. Thyroid. Acoustic duct. Breast. Leukemia. Kidney. Lung. Parenteral......... Mouse......... Trypanocidal agent. ....... do.......... R a t............. Dog............. Fowl........... Insecticide. S. Evaluation of Evidence.--For the establishment of causal rela tions between an exposure to these agents and the subsequent develop ment of a cancer of an occupational genesis and therefore compensable nature, the following prerequisites must be fulfilled: urigmai From UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBAN A-CH AMF'AKjN OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 135 (a) Definite evidence must be available indicating that the claimant had occupational contact with any one of the various agents listed, that this contact was either of prolonged nature extending as a rule over periods of at least 6 months, and was of adequate intensity for eliciting a cancerous response, according to any previous experience which might be available on this point. Single exposures may be considered to be effective if the casual agent consists of external ionizing radiation or the exposure mechanism favors the production of a carcinogenic depot in the tissues from which a prolonged exposure of the host organism may ensue. (b) The route of exposure to or introduction of the carcinogenic agent in addition to its specific chemical properties and metabolic peculiarities determine the site of the organ or tissues in which a cancer is elicited. Therefore, not any cancer, but only cancers of specific sites are related to any particular carcinogenic agent. (c) The type of exposure does not need to be continuous or extend up to the time of appearance of the cancer, but may be intermittent. In fact, any contact with the occupational carcinogenic agent may have ceased many months to years or, occasionally, even decades before the cancer becomes manifest. Effective carcinogenic exposures may be sustained not only by the ordinary operators employed in operations with occupational carcinogenic hazards, but also by workers entering such operations on a transitory basis, such as supervisors, maintenance personnel, repairmen, truckers, loaders, yardmen, and workers employed in rooms and buildings near the hazardous opera tions, if housekeeping and exhaust disposal methods are inadequate and environmental contaminations result. (d) Occupational Medical Stigmata.--For the establishment of causal relations between occupational exposures to carcinogens and sub sequently appearing cancers, it is of distinct value to analyze the medical history of the affectod persons for functional or anatomic disease manifestations characteristic of a pathogenic action of the particular carcinogen allegedly involved. Such noncancerous and often preparatory or prccancerous symptoms of etiologic specificity act as stigmata or biologic finger prints supporting not only the actuality of a previously sustained specific exposure, but also its causal relationship to the cancer present. Symptomatic manifesta tions possessing such a significance are, for instance, chronic radio dermatitis, chronic tar dermatitis, arsenic dermatosis, chronic solar dermatitis, chronic radiation periostitis, asbestosis of the lung, and leukemoid reactions after exposure to benzol and ionizing radiation. Chemical analyses of tissues for the incriminated chemical also may sometimes be of assistance in establishing previous contact with any specific, occupational carcinogens, such as arsenic, chromium, nickel, radioactive substances, and benzol. intuition JNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA-CHAMPAIGf 136 1954 MEETING OP IAIABC It is important, however, to note that both these procedures are not applicable for all occupational cancers. Some of the carcinogens do not produce any etiologically characteristic symptoms, in fact, they may not elicit any preliminary toxic or other disease phenomena despite a persistent and prolonged carcinogenic exposure. Thus, cancers of the bladder in dye and rubber workers may develop in the absence of any preliminary local or general warning symptoms after more than one or two decades of continuous, intermittent, or dis continued exposure to certain carcinogenic aromatic amines. There also does not exist any parallelism between the toxic and/or irritative properties of any chemical and its potential carcinogenic qualities, nor, is there a relationship between the degree of toxicity of any particular carcinogen and its relative carcinogenic potency. (e) Extensive experience with occupational cancers indicates that there usually elapses a latent period of years, if not decades, between the onset of exposures to a carcinogenic agent and the appearance of the resulting cancer (table 5). It is lor this reason most unlikely that occupational cancers become manifest within the first year following the inception of contact with a carcinogenic agent. In fact, all cancers which make their appearance during the first three years of occupation in a carcinogenic environment should be subjected to severe scrutiny for a more probable nonoccupalional origin before they may be considered from any occupational viewpoint. Table 5.--Latent Periods of Occupational Cancers Organ and agent Average latent Range of period latent period Skin Arsenic: Medicinal _______________ - ________- _________ Occupational...... .................................................. - -- T a r ....................... ..................................................................... Creosote oil ______________________________________ Mineral oil ____________________________________ Crude paraffin oil___________________________________ Solar radiation___________ - _________________ _______ X-radiation________________________________________ Years 18 25 20-24 25 50-54 15-18 20-30 7 Years 3-40 4-46 1-50 15-40 4-75 3-35 15-40 1-12 Lung Asbestos ____ __________________________ - Chromates _____________ ____ _____ Nickel c a r b o n y l............ _ ...................................... _ Tar fumes _____________ _ , __ _________________ Ionizing radiation----------------------------------- -- ------- 18 15 22 16 25-35 15-21 5-47 6-30 9-26 7-50 Bladder Aromatic amines_____________________________ ______ 11-15 2-40 iroons Attribut kn-Nom Original from V UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 137 (/) A successful production of cancers in experimental animals by the administration of any particular chemical or occupational agent supplies weighty support to a claim that such a factor may have an identical effect upon man, especially if the route of exposure, the physiochemical status of the agent during contact, and the cancer produced in experimental animals are identical with the corresponding aspects in human experience. However, because of the pronounced species specificity of axogenous carcinogenic agents, even positive experimental evidence provides merely strongly suggestive but not entirely conclusive evidence as to the existence of carcinogenic proper ties of such agents for man. Only human experience gives a definite and irrefutable answer in such matters. (g) Pathologic and histologic evidence is in general of only limited importance in the establishment of the occupational causation of cancers, since neither the clinical behavior nor the gross appearance and histologic structure of cancers are etiology specific. However, in some occupational cancel's histologically or histoc-hemically demon strable manifestations are present which give conclusive or suggestive evidence as to their particular etiology. The presence of asbestos bodies and asbestosis in a lung affected by cancer provides practical and scientific proof as to the asbestotic origin of such a pulmonary carcinoma. Of similar causal significance would be the demonstration of cliromite dust by histochemical methods and by incineration of sections of the lung of an individual with pulmonary carcinoma. The histochemical demonstration of arsenic in the skin affected by a carcinoma represents another illustration of the value of histologic studies in the determination of the etiology of a cancer. Likewise the presence of extensive endarteritio changes in a fibrosed subcuta neous tissue containing a carcinoma or sarcoma would arouse the sus picion that X-rays or radioactive energy was causally responsible for the malignant lesion. It appears from these considerations that a competent and critical evaluation of the entire evidence related to the exposure of the individ ual the symptomatic manifestations of the preparatory period, the length of the latent period, the site of the cancer, some histologic or histochemical characteristics and the existence of corresponding ob servations on cancer production in experimental animals aside from pertinent epidemiologic data represents the scientific basis essential for medicolegal decisions in litigations of alleged occupat ional cancers. C. C om pensation Laws Workmen's compensation law's enacted in various countries and states reveal a remarkable lack of uniformity as to the types of oc cupational carcinogenic agents, industrial operations with carcinogenic 330588--55-----10 JNIVERSITY OF ILLINO URBANA-CHAMPAIi 138 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC hazards, and occupational cancers covered. As of October 1, 1954, full coverage laws applying to all kinds of occupational diseases in cluding cancers had been passed in 26 States of the United States and the District of Columbia; schedule coverage laws not always covering occupational cancers, or all types, were in force in 20 States and no occupational disease laws had been enacted at that time in 2 States (Mississippi and Wyoming). While workmen's compensation laws based on the principle of schedule coverage may provide some degree of compensation against disability and injuries resulting from occupational cancer hazards, such legal provisions designed for the protection of workers are totally inadequate, if not obsolete, in an era of a rapidly changing and in creasing occupational disease panorama. Such static laws reflect a legal and sociologic state of mind which is maladjusted to the dynamic state of modern industry. However, even the blanket or general coverage compensation law which is sufficiently flexible to include not only the present but also any future occupational cancer hazards, usually has a statute of limita tions which is inadequate for providing fair protection under certain and not too unusual circumstances met with in occupational cancer. Since occupational cancers may become manifest many years after cessation of exposure to occupational carcinogenic agents, a statutory time clause of from 6 months to 6 years may be too short for occupa tional cancers which may appear after a longer period. It is advisable for this reason to adjust all existing laws in such a way that such eventualities arc properly covered. In the workmen's compensation laws existing in most States, certain groups of workers or employees, such as especially farm labor and domestic servants, are excluded from coverage by the law. Since farming as well as housework have become and are increasingly be coming occupations having extensive contact with industrial products (pesticides, herbicides, synthetic fertilizers, antisprouting agents, hormonal fattening agents of livestock, lubricants and fuel of farm machinery, residual oils for smudge pots, soil improvers, antibiotics, detergents, waxes, polishes, dry cleaning agents), there is no sound scientific reason for excluding members of such occupations from coverage by the workmen's compensation laws and from adequate protection against cancers arising from exposure to potential and actual occupational carcinogenic agents. Creative Commons At!obutioft^NonCmwncrculNoDgrimtiVc igtfoed by C j C K 16 OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 139 D. JAibor Codes a n d S tan dards Any attempt toward achieving an adequate compensation by finan cial means for a cancerous condition acquired through contact with occupational agents not only presents considerable economic dif ficulties but is also of questionable humane merit. While such a procedure is evidently the best that can be done after an occupational cancer has become an accomplished fact, the wiser, more rational, and in the long run, more economical approach to a reasonable con trol of occupational cancer hazards lies obviously in their prevention wherever this is possible. This goal can be achieved to a large degree by the enforcement of proper work conditions in operations in which cancer hazards exist, so that either any contact of workers with such agents is eliminated or reduced to an ineffective level. As to the fundamental step for accomplishing such a control of occupational cancer hazards, it would be advisable to have all factories, workshops, laboratories and other establishments producing, handling or using known or suspected carcinogenic materials to register with State public health and labor agencies. This information would provide the basis for establishing the supervision of plants by health and labor agencies and would create the proper machinery for familiarizing managers of such opera tions with the potential carcinogenic properties of the substances and devices used in their establishments and with the methods and pro cedures by which they might be controlled or avoided. The relative effectiveness of any medical, sanitary and technologic control measures to be adopted can best be determined by ascertaining the changes in the occupational cancer incidence among the total population at risk occurring during some 10 to 30 years alter their introduction. It is therefore desirable that provisions be made for routinely recording all cancer cases occurring among worker groups exposed to occupational carcinogens. All procancerous and cancerous lesions observed among members of such groups should for this reason be made notifiable with the State health agency. All persons having knowledge of these cancers should be held responsible for such report ing. The adoption of such measures represents an important step from a public health viewpoint, because there is a growing urgency to determine the environmental causes responsible for significant changes in the incidence rates of several cancers. A great deal of circumstantial and direct evidence incriminates recent changes in the industry-related environmental factors for the startling and progressive increase in the lung cancer frequency observed 2013-09-24 16 09UM1 / http //htll handle.niit/20?7/uiug 30112101 nons Attrlbudon-NonCommeicial-NoDenvativ / http//mvw.hathil Original from C UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URSANA-CHAMPAIGN 140 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC in all industrialized countries during the past 50 years (graph 1). A similar, while not as marked, rise in mortality rates has been observed during the last two decades for cancers of the blood forming tissues, especially leukemias, for which the crude mortality rate increased from 1.0 per 100,000 of the population in 1900 to 4.3 per 100,000 in 1944. This development coincides with a marked increased use of ionizing radiation as well as with a widespread industrial and medicinal employment of chemicals having distinct hematotoxic effects. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 141 It also may be of significance that the age-specific, total and ageadjusted mortality rates per 100,000 population for skin cancer in white males and white females in the United States have shown between 1930 and 1950 a marked shift in favor of the younger age groups (table 6). Whether such changes in the age distribution of skin cancers for both sexes may have resulted from the modern habit of sun bathing or a more intense environmental, occupational and dietary contact of the general population with arsenicals, or with products of the coal tar and petroleum industry, remains at present a matter of speculation. For determining the possible causal signifi cance of such factors in this development, it would be necessary to ascertain data on occupational, dietary, environmental and habitual contacts of the affected individuals, their complexion and race, and T able 6.--Age-specific, Total, and Age-adjusted Mortality Rates Per 100,000 Population for Skin Cancer in White Males and White Females, United States, 1930, 1945, and 1950 White males Percent Arc changes 1930 1945 toso 1845-50 Under 15______________________________ 15-24________ ______ _____ _____________ 2 5 -3 4 _____________________________ ____ 3 5 -4 4____________________ ________ _____ 45-54_______________________ _____ _____ 55-64......................... .......................................... 65-74............ ....................................................... 75-84........................... ........ ............ ................... 85 and over____________________________ All ages______ _ . __________________ Age adjusted 1__________________ ______ 0. 06 . 12 . 22 . 75 2. 5 8.0 23. 7 68. 2 194. 2 3. 3 4. 7 0. 08 . 11 . 46 . 85 2. 1 5. 3 16. 0 52. 3 172. 4 3. 2 3. 6 0.03 . 34 . 81 1. 4 2. 7 5. 9 12. 8 32. 6 77. 5 2. 9 2. 9 White emales -6 2 + 209 + 76 + 65 + 29 + 11 -2 0 -3 8 -5 5 Under 15................ ........ ........................... ........ 1 5 -2 4 __________________________________ 2 5 -3 4 ..______________________________ 35-44.____ __________ ________________ 4 5 -5 4 .................. .................... .......................... 55-64________________________________ 6 5 - 7 4 _________________ _____ __________ 75-84________________________________ 85 + ______ ___________________________ All ages______________________________ Age adjusted 1________________________ 0. 07 . 06 . 23 . 63 1. 5 3. 6 11. 4 44. 6 162. 7 2. 1 2. 9 0. 07 . 13 . 23 . 55 1. 0 2. 9 8. 7 26. 3 132. 7 2. 0 2. 1 0. 02 . 31 . 72 1. 2 1. 8 3. 6 6. 8 18. 8 68. 5 2. 0 1. 9 1Adjusted tor age on total population of the United States, 1980. -7 1 + 138 + 213 + 118 + 80 +24 -2 2 -2 9 -4 8 ieneratcd c `reatine Cot UNIVERSITY OF ILLIN0I AT URBANA-CHAMPAIG 142 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC on the location of the cancers in the exposed or unexposed parts of the skin (site distribution). All such data could readily be obtained for occupational factors if all occupational cancers would be made notifiable. At the same time this measure would be instrumental in ascertaining to a much greater degree than heretofore the scope of occupational cancer hazards and of the cancers resulting therefrom. The effectiveness of this pro cedure is strikingly illustrated by a graph (graph 2) published several CUTANEOUS CANCER IN RELATION TO OCCUPATION GRAPH SHOWING THE NUMBER OF CASES O F CUTANEOUS CARCINOMA IN MALES * FEM A LES IN ENGLAND, WALES l SCOTLAND NOTIFIED ANNUALLY FROM 1911-1949 INCLUSIVE. LUNOii OCTOBER 6-- MORNING SESSION 143 years ago by Henry in which he showed the striking rise in the number of cases of cutaneous carcinoma in males and females in England, Wales and Scotland attributable to occupational exposures to coal tar, pitch, shale oil and mineral oil after statutory notification went into effect in 1920. C o n clu sio n s 1. The rapid development of modern industrialism has been asso ciated with the appearance of many new occupational health hazards of which those causing cancers occupy an important position. 2. The increasing rate at which occupational carcinogens have been discovered during recent decades suggests that only a fraction of the actually existing industrial carcinogens is known and that here tofore unknown and new occupational carcinogens may be added to the present industrial environment tlirough the development and use of new chemicals and production methods. 3. There is a great deal of evidence indicating that only a relatively small fraction of the cancers produced through contact with occu pational carcinogens has been recognized and/or placed on record. Because of the established widespread industrial contact of large worker groups with known occupational carcinogens, the potential scope of the occupational cancer problem evidently is much larger than apparent from the reported number of occupational cancer cases and hazardous industrial operations. 4. Medicolegal decisions in compensation procedures of occupational cancer claims should be based on a competent and critical evaluation of the entire evidence related to the exposure conditions of the claim ant, tho presence or absence and the type of any etiology, specific symptomatic manifestations observed during the latent and develop mental periods of the cancer, the length of the latent period, the site of the cancer, any specific histologic and histochemical characteristics, the production of corresponding cancers in experimental animals by the incriminated agent and pertinent epidemiologic data. 5. Schedule coverage laws are inadequate for providing proper protection against occupational cancer hazards because of the dynamic state of modern industry resulting in the constant addition of new chemicals and production methods which may entail heretofore unknown occupational cancer hazards. The statute of limitations contained in the general coverage laws represents its main defect in the fair and equitable application of this type of workmen's com pensation law to occupational cancer hazards. 6. Since the prevention of occupational cancer hazards and not financial compensation for established occupational cancers appears to be the more sensible and humane method of occupational cancer UNIVEF 144 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC control, labor codes should be properly adjusted and enforced so as to eliminate or reasonably contain occupational cancer hazards in mod em industries. 7. For ascertaining the actual scope of the occupational cancer problem and for the institution of adequate control measures, it is essential that occupational cancers and precancerous conditions are made notifiable with local and State health and labor authorities. 8. A comprehensive study of occupational cancer hazards will provide a sound basis for an equally urgent investigation of the apparent extension of industry-related cancer hazards to large parts of the general population. Bibliography 1. H ueper, W. C., Occupational Tumors and Allied Diseases, C. C. Thomas, Springfield, 111., 1942, p. 897. Recent Developments in Environmental Cancer, A. Review. Arch. Pathol. In press. A Methodology for Environmental and Occupational Cancer Surveys. Publ. Health Tech. Monograph No. 1. U. S. Public Health Service, Depart ment of Health, Education and Welfare, 1950, p. 37. 2. Trasko, V. M., Occupational Disease Reporting. U. S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Publ. Health Service Publ. No. 288, 1953, p. 80. 3. Steiner, L. K., Recent Trends in Occupational Disease Legislation. Univ. Illinois Bull. 48; No. 69, 1951, p. 30. 4. Morgis, G. G., and D avenport, S. J., State Compensatory Provisions for Occupational Diseases. Bureau of Mines Information Circular 7650, U. S. Department of the Interior, 1952, p. 125. 5. Waters, T h., Industrial Physician and Workmen's Compensation-- Current Trends in Compensation Legislation. J. Indust. Pyg. and Toxicol. 31: 251-255, 1949. 6. Subcommittee on Legislation P rinciples, A Rational Approach to Air Pollution Legislation. Manufacturing Chemists' Assoc., 1952, p. 23. 7. T ourangeau, F. J., Health of Workmen: Appreciation of Risks to Which Health of Workmen Are Exposed in Industry in Province of Quebec. Canad. M. A. J. 54: 352, 1946. The A ccident Prevention Associations Under the Q ueb ec W ork m en 's C o m p en sa tio n Law L. H. T. C legg, President, Quebec Association for the Prevention of Industrial Accidents \In the absence of Mr. Clegg, his statement was read by J. Armand Desrochers, vice president, Quebec Association for the Prevention of Accidental I will outline briefly the setup of the various safety associations, and later, being more familiar with the organization which I represent, I shall endeavour to elaborate on a few of it major promotional a c tiv itie s.______________________________________________________________ unginai iron UNIVERSITY OF It rkij\n1i1 AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN APPENDIX A Officers and M em bers o f th e A ssociation for 1954-55 President, John Moulin, Commissioner, Illinois Industrial Commission. Past President, Joachim Grenier, Q. C., President, Quebec Workmen's Compensa tion Commission. Vice President, James J. Reid, Vice Chairman, South Carolina Industrial Commission. Secretary-Treasurer, Paul E. Gurske, Director, Bureau of Labor Standards, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington, D. C. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE G. L. Cousloy, Manitoba. Robert E. Faricy, Minnesota. Richard W. Morse, Ohio. Harry A. Nelson, Wisconsin. W. H. Nickels, Jr., Virginia. HONORARY LIFE MEMBERS Former Presidents 191419151916- 191719181919- 20 19201921- 22 1922- 23 1923- 24 192419251926- 27 1927- 28 1928- 1929- 30 1930- 31 1931- 32 1932- 33 1933- 34 19341935- 36 1936- 37 1937- 38 15John E. Kinnane, Detroit, Mich, (deceased). 16Floyd L. Daggett, Spokane, Wash, (deceased). 17Dudley M. Holman, Manager, United States Mutual Liability Insur ance Co., 1400 Hancock Street, Quincy, Mass. 18F. M. Wilcox, Wisconsin (deceased). 19George A. Kingston, Toronto, Canada (deceased). Will J. French, Burlingame, Calif, (deceased). 21Charles S. Andrus, Springfield, 111. (deceased). Robert E. Lee, Maryland (deceased). F. A. Duxbury, St. Paul, Minn, (deceased). Fred W. Armstrong, Halifax, Nova Scotia (deceased). 25O. F. McShane, Salt Lake City, Utah (deceased). 26Frederic M. Williams, Waterbury, Conn, (deceased). Hal M. Stanley, Atlanta, Ga. (deceased). Andrew F. McBride, M. D., Paterson, N. J. (deceased). 29James A. Hamilton, 2090 Washington Avenue, New York, N. Y. Frances Perkins, Cosmopolitan Club, New York, N. Y. Walter O. Stack, Claymont, Del. (deceased). Parke P. Deans, Richmond, Va. (deceased). Wellington T. Leonard, Columbus, Ohio (deceased). R. E. Wenzel, 4226 East-West Highway, Chevy Chase, Md. Joseph A. Parks, 464 South Orange Avenue, Orlando, Fla. 35J. Dewey Dorsett, 60 John Street, New York, N. Y. G. Clay Baker, Topeka, Kans. Donald D. Garcclon, Augusta, Maine. A. G. Mathews, Grantsville, W. Va. 222 Original from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBINA-CHAMPAIGN APPENDIX A 223 1938193919401941194319441945^46 19461947- 48 1948194919501951- 52 19521953- 39Voyta Wrabetz, Madison, Wis. 40W. H. Nickels, Jr., Richmond, Va. 41C. K. Newcombe, Winnipeg, Manitoba (deceased). 43William H. Chesnut, Philadelphia, Pa. 44Emma S. Tousant, Quincy, Mass. 45T. A. Wilson, High Point, N. C. L. O. Arens, Salem, Oreg. 47D. J. Galbraith, Toronto, Ontario. Miss Mary Donlon, New York, N. Y. 49Spencer H. Givens, Jefferson City, Mo. 50Harry A. Nelson, Madison, Wis. 51James L. Hill, Detroit, Mich. Raymond E. Barnes, Orlando, Fla. 53S. W. Macdonald, San Francisco, Calif. 54Joachim Grenier, Q. C., Quebec, Canada. Former Secretaries 19141915- 1916- 20 1920 1921-32 1932-34 1934-46 1947-49 1949-54 15Richard L. Drake, Highland Park, Mich. 16L. A. Tarrell, Room 516, Caswell Block, 152 West Wisconsin Milwaukee 3, Wis. Royal Meeker, Hartford, Conn, (deceased). Charles H. Verrill, Washington, D. C. (deceased). Ethelbert Stewart, Washington, D. C. (deceased). Charles E. Baldwin, 8210 Larry Place, Chevy Chase 15, D. C. Verne A. Zimmer, Washington, D. C. (deceased). Marshall Dawson, New York, N. Y. William L. Connolly, Providence, R. I. Avenue, Active Members, 1954-55 Alberta Workmen's Compensation Board. British Columbia Workmen's Compensation Board. Manitoba Workmen's Compensation Board. New Brunswick Workmen's Compensation Board. Newfoundland Workmen's Compensation Board. Nova Scotia Workmen's Compensation Board. Ontario Workmen's Compensation Board. Quebec Workmen's Compensation Commission. Saskatchewan Workmen's Compensation Board. Department of Labor of Canada. Alabama Department of Industrial Relations. Alaska Industrial Board. Arizona Industrial Commission. Arkansas Workmen's Compensation Commission. California Department of Industrial Relations. Colorado Industrial Commission and State Compensation Insurance Fund. Connecticut Workmen's Gnmp'ensstton Commission.-----------------------------Delaware Industrial Accident Board. Florida Industrial Commission. Georgia Board of Workmen's Compensation. Hawaii Bureau of Workmen's Compensation. Idaho Industrial Accident Board. Illinois Industrial Commission. Original from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-HAMPA1GN 224 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC Indiana Industrial Board. Iowa Workmen's Compensation Service. Kansas Office of Workmen's Compensation Commissioner. Kentucky Workmen's Compensation Board. Maine Industrial Accident Commission. Maryland State Industrial Accident Commission. Massachusetts Department of Industrial Accidents. Michigan Workmen's Compensation Commission. Minnesota Industrial Commission. Mississippi Workmen's Compensation Commission. Missouri Workmen's Compensation Division, Department of Labor and Relations. Montana Industrial Accident Board. Nebraska Workmen's Compensation Court. Nevada Industrial Commission. New Hampshire Department of Labor. New Jersey Department of Labor and Industry. New Mexico Labor and Industrial Commission. New York Workmen's Compensation Board. North Carolina Industrial Commission. North Dakota Workmen's Compensation Bureau. Ohio Industrial Commission. Oklahoma State Insurance Fund and the Industrial Commission. Oregon State Industrial Accident Commission. Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry. Puerto Rico Industrial Commission and the State Insurance Fund. Rhode Island Department of Labor. South Carolina Industrial Commission. South Dakota Industrial Commission. Tennessee Workmen's Compensation Division, Department of Labor. Texas Industrial Accident Board. Vermont Department of Industrial Relations. Virginia Industrial Commission. Washington Department of Labor and Industries. West Virginia Workmen's Compensation Fund. Wisconsin Industrial Commission. Wyoming Workmen's Compensation Department. United States Department of Labor. Industrial Associate Members American Academy of Compensation Medicine, Inc., Barnett S. Fox, Executive Secretary, 501 Fifth Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. American Associated Insurance Cos., William G. Burch, Superintendent Com pensation Claims, St. Louis, Mo. American Federation of Labor, 901 Massachusetts Avenue, NW., Washington 1, D. C. American Medical Association, Committee on Workmen's Compensation, Coun cil on Industrial Health, 535 North Dearborn Street, Chicago 10, 111. American Mutual Liability Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. American Telephone & Telegraph Co., James R. Shields, Attorney, 195 Broad way, New York 7, N. Y. Association of Casualty and Surety Cos., 60 John Street, New York 7, N. Y.___ lamal from UNIVERSITY OF ILLNO APPENDIX A 225 Association of New York State Mutual Casualty Cos., M. J. Murphy, General Manager, 60 East 42d Street, New York 17, N. Y. Auto Owners Insurance Co., F. S. Warner, Attorney, Lansing, Mich. Bethlehem Steel Co., F. R. Bamako, Manager of Compensation and Safety, Bethlehem, Pa. Compensation Insurance Rating Board of New York, Henry D. Sayer, General Manager, 100 East 42d Street, New York 17, N. Y. Congress of Industrial Organizations, 718 Jackson Place, NW., Washington 6, D. C. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 7058 Du Pont Building, Wilmington 98, Del. Joseph Dean Edwards, Attorney, 144 John Street, New York 38, N. Y. Employers Mutual Liability Insurance Co., Wausau, Wis. E. I. Evans, Consulting Actuary, 520 Huntington Bank Building, Columbus 15, Ohio. Farm Bureau Mutual Automobile Insurance Co., Columbus 16, Ohio. The Fidelity & Casualty Co. of New York, Raymond N. Caverly, Vice Presi dent, 80 Maiden Lane, New York, 38 N. Y. Ford Motor Co., James L. Hill, Supervising Attorney, Workmen's Compensation Section, 3000 Schaefer Road, Dearborn, Mich. The B. F. Goodrich Co., Charles F. Nutter, Manager, Workmen's Compensation Department, Akron, Ohio. Hanna Coal Co., John J. Babka, Compensation Director, St. Clairsville, Ohio. Hardware Mutual Casualty Co., D. S. Parish, Compensation Claims Specialist, Stevens Point, Wis. E. H. Herlihy, Herlihy & Herlihy, Attorneys at Law, 412 West Sixth Street, Los Angeles 14, Calif. Samuel B. Horovitz, Attorney, 6 Beacon Street, Boston 8, Mass. Industrial Medical Association, Dr. Edward Holmblad, Managing Director, 28 East Jackson Boulevard, Chicago 4, 111. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 175 Berkeley Street, Boston 7, Mass. Lumbermen's Mutual Casualty Co., 4750 Sheridan Road, Chicago 40, 111. Howard Magee, Attorney, 510 Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco 2, Calif. Michigan Mutual Liability Co., W. R. MacGregor, Vice President, Mutual Building, Detroit 26, Mich. National Association of Claimants Compensation Attorneys, Benjamin Marcus, 407 Michigan Theater Building, Muskegon, Mich. National Association of Mutual Casualty Cos., 919 Michigan Avenue, Chicago 11, 111. National Council on Compensation Insurance, 45 East 17th Street, New York 3, N. Y. National Council of State Self-Insurers' Associations, Walter Linn, Secretary- Treasurer, Finance Building, Philadelphia 2, Pa. The Pullman Co., F. R. Callahan, Director, Bureau of Safety and Compensa tion, Merchandise Mart Plaza, Chicago 54, 111. E. E. Watson, Consulting Actuary, 2730 Leveque Lincoln Tower, Columbus 15, Ohio. Western Electric Co., V. J. Gilbert, Attorney, 195 Broadway, New York 7, N. Y. Woodward & Fondiller, Inc., Consulting Actuaries, 200 West 57th Street, New York 17, N. Y. Zurich General Accident & Liability Insurance Co., Ltd., Henry Buchman, Superintendent, Compensation Claims Department, 135 South La Salle Street, Chicago 3, 111. 880588--65----- 10 Original from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN APPENDIX C O fficial A ttendance at th e F ortieth A nnual M eeting o f th e International A ssociation o f Industrial Acci dent Boards and C om m issions CANADA Alberta A. F armilo, M. B. E., Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, Ed monton. D r. H. H. H epburn, Chief Medical Officer, Workmen's Compensation Board, Edmonton. C. M. Macleod, Q. C., Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, Edmonton. British Columbia F. P. Archibald, Secretary, Workmen's Compensation Board, Vancouver. Adam Bell, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, Vancouver. C. W. P ritchard, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, Vancouver. M aniloba G. L. C ou slby, Q. C., Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, Win nipeg. P. V. E. J ones, Assistant to Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, Winnipeg. New Brunswick A. A. Chisholm, President, New Brunswick Accident Prevention Association, Moncton. R. G. J ohnston, Vice Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, St. John. J. A. Le Blanc, Claims Officer, Workmen's Compensation Board, St. John. Newfoundland Clarence V. H ancock, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, St. John's. Nova Scotia Arthur Petrie, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, Halifax. F rank R owe, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, Halifax. Ontario J. F. Cauley, Vice Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. M ax D odds, Ontario Federation of Labor, Toronto. F. F incham, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. George Garrow Greene, Director, Federal Government Employees Compensa tion Branch, Department of Labor, Ottawa. W. J. J ohnston, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. J. B. L ane, Department of Labor, Ottawa. -------- 228------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ UNVERSfY OF ILLINOIS Ai URBAN HA.V:!'" !iti APPENDIX C 229 L. B. Leppard, Physicist, Division of Industrial Hygiene, Department of Health, Toronto. Wills Maclachlan, President, Canadian Industrial Safety Conference, Toronto. V. C. P helan, Director, Canadian Branch of the I. L. 0 ., Ottawa. G. R. Poole, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. Allan P orter, Department of Labor, Ottawa. A. R obinson, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. E. E. S pa r r o w , Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. Warren W. Stearns, Claims Manager, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Toronto. Dr. E. C. Steele, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. Dr. Bruce Young, Director, Rehabilitation, Workmen's Compensation Board, Toronto. Quebec Stephen Babin, Safety Director, Quebec Iron & Titanium Corporation, SoreL A. G. Ballachey, President, Quebec Metal Mining Association, Noranda. D r. B er tr a n d B e l l e m a r e , Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. W. L. Bennett, President, Quebec Pulp & Paper Safety Association, Quebec. J acques Bernard, Montreal. Dr. L. A. Brochu, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. J acques Casgrain, Department of Labor, Quebec. A. S. Cook, Secretary-Manager, Quebec Pulp & Paper Safety Association, Quebec. P aul A. Cooke, Joint Manager, Quebec Industrial Accident Prevention Associa tion, Quebec. A. H erman Cole, Safety Director, Canadian Car & Foundry Co., Ltd., Montreal. J. Armand D esrochers, Vice President, Quebec Association for the Prevention of Industrial Accidents, Quebec. J. A. D uckett, Montreal. J ea n D e ssa u l les, Shawinigan Water & Power Co., Montreal. P aul D esjardins, Assistant to President, Casgrain & Charbonneau, Montreal. J. E. D ion, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. J. E. R. D emers, W orkm en's Com pensation Commission, Quebec. J. H. D elisle, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. J oseph D elage, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. Honorable M. L. D uplessis, Q. C., Premier of Quebec. Arthur F oster, Vice President, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. Honorable Onesime Gagnon, Minister of Finance, Quebec. Dr. G ustave Gingras, Medical Director, Rehabilitation Institute, Montreal. William Gallagher, Montreal. S. Gregory, Chief Claims Agent, Canadian National Railways, Montreal. J ean Garneau, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. J oa c h im G r e n ie r , Q. C., President, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. Bernard C. H amel, Quebec Power Co., Quebec. R udolphe H amel, Vice President, Catholic Conference of Labour, Asbestos. Hon. Wilfred H amel, Mayor of Quebec. A. H. H onsberger, President, Quebec Metal Mines Accident Prevention Associa tion, Noranda. H. H. H ough, Chief Claims Agent, Canadian Pacific Railway, Montreal. Leopold H ubert, Safety Director, Quebec North Shore Paper Co., Baie Comeau. M. Marc Lacoste, Edifice Cadillac, Montreal. Maurice Laperriere, Quebec Iron & Titanium Corporation, Sorel. MIVERSIT ' URBAN; 230 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC E ugene Larochelle, Secretary General, Quebec Metal Mining Association, Quebec. N oel Laroche, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. D b. Arthur Leclerc, Chief Medical Officer, Workmen's Compensation Com mission, Quebec. D r. D. Leonard, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. T. E. Little, Director, Quebec Metal Mining Association, Noranda. W. E. Montgomery, Safety Director, Kenneth B. S. Robertson, Ltd., Montreal. P hilippe M onette, Q. C., Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Com mission, Montreal. J. Alphonse M orency, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. J ean P hnix, Orthopedist Technician, Montreal. R omeo P aquet, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. D onat Quimper, Deputy Minister of Labor, Department of Labor, Quebec. G. Ant. R ousseau, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. F. M. R ocheleau, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. D avid R obillard, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. E variste R ochette, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. I. H. Sloane, Safety Director, Canadian Johns-Manville Co., Ltd., Asbestos. W. H. Soutar, Assistant to Mine Manager, Canadian Johns-Manville Co., Ltd., Asbestos. D r. Camille Simard, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. D r. F. J. T ourangeau, Division of Industrial Hygiene, Montreal. D r. E. A. T urcot, President, Industrial Medical Association, Montreal. Gerard T remblay, Deputy Minister of Labor, Department of Labor, Quebec. L. P. T essier, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. J acques Verreault, Secretary, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. A. C. Walker, Superintendent of Safety, Crane Limited, Montreal. D r. R. E. L. Watson, Medical Director, Crane, Limited, Montreal. St. George White, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Quebec. Saskatchewan M. D. T hompson, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Board, O. W. Valleau, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, Regina. C. C. Williams, Minister of Labor, Department of Labor, Regina. Regina. UNITED STATES A labama Joe L. Coleman, Director, Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery. Arkansas G. L. G rant, Attorney, United Mine Workers, Fort Smith. O. W. H olmes, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Rock. Arnold B. Sikes, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Rock. California Commission, Commission, Little Little Chet F razier, Guarantee Insurance Co., Los Angeles. J oseph J. Gallagher, Manager, State Insurance Fund, Burlingame. S. W, Macdonald, Chairman, industrial Accident Commission, San Francisco. ^nerated on 2013-09-24 10:09 GMl / h lealivo Commons Attribution-NoM"ommi UHUINal vv/9Tl UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT LIR8AN -CHAMPAIGN APPENDIX C 231 P aul Scharrenberg, Director, Department of Industrial Relations, San Francisco. Dr. Bert S. T homas, Department of Employment, Sacramento. H. M. Wilson, Department of Employment, Sacramento. Colorado R ay H. Brannaman, Chairman, Industrial Commission of Colorado, Denver. H arold C. T hompson, Director of Claims, State Compensation Insurance Fund, Denver. Connecticut D. E. Coughlin, Hartford Accident & Indemnity Co., Hartford. A. H. Gehrs, President, Toll Gate House, Ivorvtown. W. S. M cCormick, The Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., Hartford. Delaware Abel K law, Special Counsel, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington. Dr. I. J. MacCollum, Member, Industrial Accident Board, Wyoming. J ames A. Mullin, President, Industrial Accident Board, Wilmington. F ord N. Warrington, Member, Industrial Accident Board, Laurel. District of Columbia Andrew J. Biemiller, Member, National Legislative Committee, American Federation of Labor. F rank F ernback, Associate Director of Education & Research, Congress of Industrial Organizations. Bruce A. Greene, U. S. Department of Labor. P aul K. Gurske, Secretary-Treasurer, IAIABC, U. S. Department of Labor. Dr. W. C. H ueper, Chief, Environmental Cancer Section, Cancer Institute, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. Hon. Arthur Larson, Under Secretary of Labor. J ohn E. L awyer, Chairman, Employees Compensation Appeal Board, U. S. Department of Labor. Marie V. Lf.ffingwell, Office of the Secretary-Treasurer, IAIABC, U. S. Department of Labor. William M cCauley, Director, Bureau of Employees' Compensation, U. S. Department of Labor. F rank M cE lroy, U. S. Department of Labor. F rances C. Smith, U. S. Department of Labor. R obert Van H yning, United Mine Workers Welfare and Retirement Fund. Florida J a m e s C a m e r o n , Member, Industrial Commission, Tallahassee. B. T. Coleman, General Counsel, Industrial Commission, Tallahassee. R odney D urrance, Director, Workmen's Compensation Division, Industrial Commission, Tallahassee. J oseph A. P arks, Orlando. J ames T. Vocelle, Chairman, Industrial Commission, Tallahassee. Georgia R ichard W. Best, Secretary-Treasurer, Board of Workmen's Compensation, College Park. W. E. Buckner, Member, Board of Workmen's Compensation, Atlanta. / M A n A ti^ N 'IP U iS U iU ffO U O N 'U O tiltq U U V StKKUUiO.) OA IJPO JJ tot 6nm<t ?0f/ii>u o|pueg ipu//.<1im / IWO60 91 -60ET0 uo pmejau;>o 232 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC Idaho Clifford J. H opkins, President, National Association of Self Insurers, Lewiston. B. W. Oppenheim, Chairman, Industrial Accident Board, Boise. Illinois D an Adair, National Safety Council, Chicago. H enrt Buchman, Superintendent, Compensation Claims Department, Zurich General Accident & Liability Insurance Co., Ltd., Chicago. E mil M. Caliendo, Commissioner, Industrial Commission, Chicago. F loyd E. F razier, Director, Industrial Division, National Association of Mutual Casualty Companies, Chicago. Mrs. Marjorie W. Grigsby, Council on Industrial Health, A. M. A., Chicago. S. J. H olderman, Chairman, Industrial Commission, Chicago. Robert S. H owe, Lumbermen's Mutual Casualty Co., Chicago. D. W. Johnston, Commissioner, Industrial Commission, Chicago. Dr. Milton H. K ronenberg, Medical Services Manager, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria. H. Gene Miller, National Safety Council, Chicago. J ohn Moulin, Commissioner, Industrial Commission, Chicago. Dr. C. T. Olson, Chairman, Commission on Workmen's Compensation, Indus trial Medical Association, Chicago. J. A. Paskiewicz, Illinois Department of Labor, Chicago. S. J. Stevens, Western Electric Co., Chicago. Paul S. Wise, American Mutual Alliance, Chicago. Indiana H oward T. Batman, General Manager and Counsel, Lynch Coal Operators Reciprocal Association, Terre Haute. Dr. A. K. H arcourt, Indianapolis. E manuel F. Miller, Hearing Member, Industrial Board, Indianapolis. J oseph P. Miller, Chairman, Industrial Board, Indianapolis. C. H. Greenley, Des Moines. Deputy Iowa Commissioner, Kansas Workmen's Compensation Service, E dward Curry, Commissioner, Office of Workmen's Compensation Commis sioner, Topeka. Albert M. R oss, Examiner, Office of Workmen's Compensation Commissioner, Kansas City. R alph J. T horne, Examiner, Office of Workmen's Compensation Commissioner, Hutchinson. Simeon Webb, Examiner, Office of Workmen's Compensation Commissioner, Pittsburg. Kentucky P aul Combs, Acting Commissioner, Department of Industrial Frankfort. H. Williams, Attorney General, Department of Labor, Frankfort. Relations^ I ,( iqinjl trorr UNIVERSITY O H LUN0S AT U f f A AMPAI GN APPENDIX C 233 Maine J ohn W. Ballou, Lawyer, Bangor. Mrs. Madeline Babnabd, Industrial Accident Commission, Augusta. Cybil M. J olt, Member, Industrial Accident Commission, Waterville. J ames E. M itchell, Lawyer, Bangor. F. E. R ichardson, Portland. Maryland Melvin L. F ine, Chairman, Industrial Accident Commission, Baltimore. Dr. J ohn V. H opkins, Baltimore. W. Albert Menchine, Commissioner, Industrial Accident Commission, Balti more. P aul Siemebs, Jr., Manager, Compensation Department, Maryland Casualty Co., Baltimore. H snbt B. Suter, New Amsterdam Casualty Co., Baltimore. Massachusetts D r. Alexander P. Aitken, Chairman, Subcommittee on Industrial Relations, American College of Surgeons, Brookline. Alphonse S. Bachobowski, Attorney, Salem. D avid D. Banks, Employers Groups Insurance, Boston. T homas W. Bowe, Member, Division of Industrial Accidents, Boston. R. B. Cooper, Director of Medical Relations, American Mutual Liability In surance Co., Boston. E ugene H. Giroux, Chairman, Division of Industrial Accidents, Boston. F bank E. Godpbey, Director of Self-Insurance, Division of Industrial Accidents, Boston. Stanwood L. H anson, Assistant Vice President, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston. G. S. H arlan, Vice President, American Mutual Liability Insurance Co., Boston. J ames G. Habnedt, Attorney, Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance Co., Boston. Mabcella J. H icks, Boston. Maby F. H icks, Member, Division of Industrial Accidents, Boston. Elias J. K olofolias, Member, Division of Industrial Accidents, Boston. E dward J. M urphy, Attorney, Boston. Maby A. N oonan, Boston. Ashley St. Claib, Counsel, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston. J oseph A. Sullivan, Chief Examiner, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston. M bs. E mma S. T ousant, Past President, IAIABC, Quincy. Michigan W. C. B is h o p , Manager, State Accident Fund, Lansing. H abry F. Briggs, Superintendent of Claims, State Accident Fund, Lansing. William E. Buchanan, Chrysler Corp., Detroit. C. E. Cabothebs, Ford M otor Co., D etroit. J ohn C. Childers, Lincoln Mercury Division, General Motors, Detroit. H. A. Compeau, Attorney, State Accident Fund, Lansing. William J. D evers, Chrysler Corporation, Detroit. C yrus E . D urio, Chrysler Corporation, Detroit. J ames L. H ill, Supervisory Attorney, Workmen's Compensation Section, Ford Motor Co., Detroit. 330583--5! 18 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 234 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC W. G. H otchkiss, Compensation Supervisor, Chrysler Corporation, Detroit. George E. J ohnson, Manager, Employee Services Department, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn. William J. J ones, Lacey, Jones & Doelle, Detroit. F. A. Lux, Staff Attorney, Workmen's Compensation Section, Ford Motor Co., Detroit. Wade H. M cCree, J r., Member, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Lansing. W. R. MacGregor, Vice President, Michigan Mutual Liability Co., Detroit. Benjamin Marcus, Representing Samuel B. Horovitz, Muskegon. Richard R. N orris, Chrysler Corporation, Detroit. Robert L. O'Connell, Rothe, Marston, Bohn & Mazey, Detroit. T heodore P. Ryan, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Dimon dale. Richard L. Schmidt, International Representative, Compensation Department, UAW-CIO, Detroit. A. A. S ch m itt, Vice President in Charge of Claims, Corporate Service, Inc., Detroit. Fred S. W arner, Attorney, Auto Owners Insurance Co., Lansing. Minnesota Robert E. F aricy, Commissioner, Industrial Commission, St. Paul. M ississippi Sam S. Allred, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Jackson. J ohn A. C raig, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Jackson. Missouri William G. Burch, Superintendent, Workmen's Compensation, AmericanAssociated Insurance Companies, St. Louis. Charles E. Cates, Member, Industrial Commission, Jefferson City. Earl F. Cheit, Assistant Professor, St. Louis University, St. Louis. R. R obert Cohn, Attorney, Kansas City. W. E. F reeland, Member, Industrial Commission, Jefferson City. Spencer H. Givens, Director, Division of Workmen's Compensation, Jefferson City. Stephen J. Millett, Chairman, Industrial Commission, Jefferson City. Montana W. W. Casper, Secretary, Industrial Accident Board, Helena. New Jersey Winston Blann, Chubb & Sons, Managers, Federal Insurance Co., Short Hills. D r. H. E. Bricker, New Lisbon. Carl H olderman, Commissioner, Department of Labor & Industry, Trenton. Daniel A. Spair, Director, Division of Workmen's Compensation, Department of Labor & Industry, Trenton. New Mexico E benezer J ones, Assistant Commissioner, Labor and Industrial Commission. Santa Fe. Generated on 7013-09-24 l6 09uM I / http//hdl.handlc.net/2077AiiuQ.30112101S74601 Creative Commons Attriliution-NonCommercial-NoDenvattves / http//www.hathitrust.oiqiac* o)rriiggiinnaaii frrrom s UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBAN A-C HAM F'AIGN APPENDIX C 235 New York E verett R. Alden, Manager, Claims & Safety Department, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., New York. Louis Arbeit, Actuary, Woodward & Fondiller, New York. H. D udlet Bierau, Director, Compensation & Safety, Aftfritfan Locomotive Co., Schenectady. Miss Gertrude Cavanaugh, Workmen's Compensation Board, Albany. Raymond A. Caverly, Vice President, Fidelity & Casualty Co., New York. Oliver T. Clayton, New York. Marshall Dawson, Past Secretary-Treasurer, IAIABC, New York. J. A. D enkscherz, Secretary-Comptroller, National Council on Compensation Insurance, New York. Benjamin D issin, State Insurance Fund, New York. Miss Mary D onlon, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Board, New York. J. Ralph D ykes, United States Casualty Co., New York. J oseph Dean E dwards, Attorney, New York. Richard F ondiller, Woodward & Fondiller, New York. G. E arle Fox, Secretary, Casualty Division, Glens Falls Insurance Co., Glens Falls. D r. Leonard J. Goldwater, National Chairman, Cardiaa-isrlndustry Com mittee, American Heart Association, New York. Willis C. Gorthy, C. E., Director, Institute for the Crippled and Disabled, New York. Miss J eanette H anlon, Associate Economist, Workmen's Compensation Board, New York. Alfred Heinen, United Steelworkers of America, Buffalo. T heodore H etzler, J r., Attorney, National Association of Mutual Casualty Cos., New York. F. H. H umphries, A. C. F. Industries, New York. H. M. J ackson, Manager, Industrial Health Program, Johns Manville Corp., New York. Andrew Kalmykow, New York. Edwin D. K yle, Counsel, New York Compensation Insurance Rating Board, New York. M. L. Laskowski, Western Electric Co., Inc., New York. J ohn M. M cDonald, Director, Workmen's Compensation, Associated Industries of New York State, Inc., Albany. Robert E. Marshall, Administrative Deputy, Workmen's Compensation Board, New York. George E. M ulligan, Manager, Workmen's Compensation & Disability Claims Division, American Surety Co., New York. M ic h a e l J. M u r p h y , General Manager, Association of Now York State Mutual Casualty Cos., New York. Ray J. Oakley, State Insurance Fund, New York. Miss Marion P olakov, Secretary, United Steelworkers of America, Buffalo. Miss M ary Polokov, Buffalo. J ames J. R egan, Secretary, The Self-Insurers Association, New York. R. V. R yan, Fidelity & Casualty Co. of New York, New York. Henry D. Sayer, General Manager, New Y'ork Compensation Insurance Rating Board, New York. A. M. Schmidt, Insurance Manager, National Council of State Self-Insurers Association, New York. Gerw-nitpr! on 201 j-09-i l b 0 9 GMr / im p //hl.MitrvJle.n/30?//umg 301 lilO U S / ia o j Creatn/e Common?. Ainibuiion-NonCommerctal-NoOerlvalivcs / littp //wwvi.hathitrust cxg/au;oi5 usfc*rc-h' Originai from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBAN,-CHAMPAIGN 236 1954 MEETING OF IAIABC J ames R. Shields, Attorney, American Telephone & Telegraph Co., New York. Cyrus F. Smythe, Claims Attorney, New York Telephone Co., New York. William H. Sheglitz, Associate Attorney, State Insurance Fund, New York. J. H abrt T iernan, Attorney, United Steelworkers of America, Buffalo. Warren C. T ucker, Counsel, Utica Mutual Insurance Co., Utica. Geo. D. Wells, Western Electric Co., Ine., New York. N. Morgan Woods, Association of Casualty & Surety Cos., New York. Db. M. William Z ucker, Director of Studies, Commerce & Industry Association of New York, New York. North Carolina J. W. Bean, Commissioner, Industrial Commission, Raleigh. North Dakota Otis Bryant, Chairman, Workmen's Compensation Bureau, Bismarck. B. M. R yan, Member, Workmen's Compensation Bureau, Bismarck. Ohio H. D. Bangert, Emile E. Watson, Columbus. J acob Clayman, Secretary-Treasurer, Ohio CIO Council, Columbus. J. Maynard D ickerson, Vice Chairman, Industrial Commission, Columbus. B. G. Gottemoeller, Superintendent of Claims, Farm Bureau Mutual Auto Insurance Co., Columbus. W. C. H artman, Attorney, Squire, Sanders & Dempsey, Cleveland. M. H olland K rise, Director, Workmen's Compensation, Frigidaire Division, General Motors, Dayton. J ohn K uhpel, United Rubber Workers, Akron. Richard W. M orse, Chairman, Industrial Commission, Columbus. Charles F. N utter, B. F. Goodrich Co., Akron. T homas M. H arman, Jones, Day, Cockley & Reavis, Cleveland. Oklahoma Fred Albert, Industrial Commission, Oklahoma City. Marx Childers. Industrial Commission, Oklahoma City. J udge Albert C. H unt, Industrial Commission, Oklahoma City. T om G. Martin, Commissioner, State Insurance Fund. Oklahoma City. Mont R. P owell, Chief Attorney, State Insurance Fund, Oklahoma City. E. J. Sutherland, Industrial Commission, Oklahoma City. Oregon L. 0 . Arens, Member, Industrial Accident Commission, Salem. William A. Callahan, Chairman, Industrial Accident Commission, Salem. Pennsylvania F. R. Barnako, Manager, Compensation and Safety, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem. Frank K. Boal, Deputy Secretary, Department of Labor and Industry, Harris burg. A. C. Christman, Chief Supervisor, Indemnity Insurance Co. of North America, Philadelphia. W. D. Coakley, Secretary, Fire Association of Philadelphia, Philadelphia. E. G william, Manager, State Workmen's Insurance Fund, Harrisburg. R. M. H artman, Assistant Manager, Compensation and Safety, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem. C i O o q I< Original from UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN APPENDIX C 237 Robert C. H eron, Superintendent, Compensation Claim Department, American Casualty Co., Reading. . R ussel C. R eiser, Assistant Manager, State Workmen's Insurance Fund, Harrisburg. Walter Linn, Secretary-Treasurer, National Council of State Self-Insurers Association, Philadelphia. J ohn L. Naylor, Director, Bureau of Workmen's Compensation, Harrisburg. F. P ritchard, Chief Safety Inspector, State Workmen's Insurance Fund, Harris burg A. Schroeder, General Attorney, Pennsylvania Railroad Co., Philadelphia. D avid M. Walker, Secretary, Department of Labor & Industry, Harrisburg. Puerto Rico Miss R aquel Nigaglioni, Member, Industrial Commission, San Juan. Eduardo A. Santiago, Actuary, State Insurance Fund, San Juan. Rhode Island Antonio D i P into, Executive Assistant Curative Center, Department of Labor, Providence. D r. J ohn E. D onley, Medical Director, Curative Center, Department of Labor, Providence. South Carolina Miss F aith Clayton, Commissioner, Industrial Commission, Columbia. J ames J. Reid, Vice Chairman, Industrial Commission, Columbia. Mrs. H. S. T ate, Columbia. Tennessee W. H. P arham, Commissioner, Department of Labor, Nashville. P aul A. P h il l ip s, Safety Engineer, Department of Labor, Nashville. D ewey Whittle, Director, Division of Workmen's Compensation, Department of Labor, Nashville. Texas D b. V. C. Baird, Chief Physician, Humble Oil & Refining Co., Houston. R. L. E ckman, Vice President, Petroleum Casualty Co., Houston. L. H. F lew Ellen, Chairman, Industrial Accident Board, Austin. F elix A. Raymer, President, Petroleum Casualty Co., Houston. Virginia Mrs. C. B. H itch, Richmond. W. H. N ickels, Jr., Chairman, Department of Workmen's Compensation, Richmond. Washington Elmer H. K ennedy, Supervisor, Rehabilitation Center, Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia. West Virginia D r. J ohn P. Brick, Chairman, Occupational Disease Medical Board, Charleston. F ranklin W. K ern, Executive Secretary, Workmen's Compensation Fund, Charleston. Rudolph J. Murensky, Legal Assistant, Workmen's Compensation Fund, Charleston. George W. Stokes, Commissioner, Workmen's Compensation Fund, Charleston. ien eialed on 2013-09-24 16 09 liMT / httpv/lidl h 'reative Commons Attnbution-NonComn>cr<.ial-NoC> Original from UNIVERSITY O f tUJNOiS AT U3SANA-MAM PAIii N 238 1054 MEETING OF IAIABC Wisconsin Stephen J. Hajduch, Attorney, Milwaukee. B: E. Kubchle, Vice President, Employers Mutuals, Wausau. Mobtimbb Levitan, Assistant Attorney General, Madison. T. E. LINster, Claims Counsel, Employers Mutuals, Wausau. H abby A. N elson, Director, Workmen's Compensation, Industrial Commission, Madison. VbYTA Wbabbtx, Chairman, Industrial Commission, Madison. Wyoming William P . P e t b t , Manager, Workmen's Compensation Commission, Cheyenne. Generated on 2013-09-24 16:09 GMT / http //hdl.handle.net/2027/ulug.30112101574801 C reative Com m ons A ttrib u tion-N onC om m erd al-N oD erivatives / http://wwwJ1athitru st.0rg/access_use# cc-by-nc-nd B. . OVE-- HT U r n O FFIC II I t i Original from UNIVERSfTY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN