Document k9Z8v47dm1vzD539JXY9J02XB

Harnessing energy from chemicals production: introducing HFOs as a Green Deal enabler Bart Van Assche Vice President Global Infrastructure Technology OUR PATH TO REDUCE BASF EMISSIONS 2018-2050 BASF greenhouse gas emissions (Scope 1+2) million mt CO2/a > 45% ~ 75% -25% ~ 60% 22 16 Growth NET ZERO 100% 1990 2018 2030 Business as is 2018 2030 2050 OUR CARBON MANAGEMENT PROGRAM TO REDUCE CO2 EMISSIONS BASF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 2018 (SCOPE 1+2) Million metric tons of CO2 equivalents 1 Includes emissions from process energy 2 Operational excellence measures GREY-TOGREEN BIO-BASED FEEDSTOCKS POWER-TO-STEAM NEW TECHNOLOGIES CONTINUOUS OPEX2 OUR CARBON MANAGEMENT PROGRAM TO REDUCE CO2 EMISSIONS BASF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 2018 (SCOPE 1+2) Million metric tons of CO2 equivalents 1 Includes emissions from process energy 2 Operational excellence measures GREY-TOGREEN BIO-BASED FEEDSTOCKS POWER-TO-STEAM NEW TECHNOLOGIES CONTINUOUS OPEX2 STEAM PROVIDES MOST EFFICIENTLY HEAT FOR OUR PRODUCTION PROCESSES STATUS TODAY: Steam generation by combustion of natural gas in highly efficient combined cycle power plants. FOSSIL ENERGY (natural gas) CO2 COC2 O2 Power Steam COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT VERBUND WASTE HEAT (Cooling of water and air, diffusive loss) STEAM PROVIDES MOST EFFICIENTLY HEAT FOR OUR PRODUCTION PROCESSES FUTURE: Electrification of steam generation by heat pumps with advanced heat recovery and energy efficiency. CO2 HEATPUMP RENEWABLE ENERGY - 6--370T%Wlheslessseneenregrgyyfoforr sstteeaamm pprroodduucctiotino*n* *Example Ludwigshafen VERBUND + 15-20% additional recovery* WASTE HEAT (Cooling of water and air, diffusive loss) FUTURE STEAM SUPPLY CONCEPT FOR LUDWIGSHAFEN: HEAT PUMPS TO REPLACE FOSSIL-GENERATED STEAM Potential to reduce 1,5 million tons of CO2 emissions per year for steam generation HEAT PUMPS AND THE WASTE HEAT BENEFIT Coefficient of Performance (COP) Heat pump vs. E-boiler Direct transformation of power to heat means significant exergetic losses Delivered Heat @150C e.g. Steam 3 MW 3 MW 3 MW E-boiler 3 MW (Renewable) Power 2 MW 1 MW Waste Heat (Renewable) @65C Power 2,5 MW Waste Heat @110C 0,5 MW (Renewable) Power Coefficient of Performance COP Example: Heat output @ 150C 14 12 = 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Heat source temperature, C E-Boiler COP 120 140 Heat source temperature COP electricity demand FIRST HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP TO SUPPLY STEAM TO THE BASF VERBUND IN LUDWIGSHAFEN Integration of a high-temperature heat pump into the BASF Verbund implemented on commercial Scale Use of waste heat and changes to operation of the steam network will avoid 160,000 tons of CO2 emissions a year Annual cooling water consumption reduced by more than 20 million cubic meters Engineering design with Siemens Energy is progressing as planned Startup targeted for Q3 2024 if funding gets approved. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT REFRIGERANTS FOR BASF ACETYLEN SOURCE (8064 C), SINK (STEAM @ 6.5BARA), 39 MWth Criteria Flammable1 Toxic1 Safety class1 ODP2 GWP3 Critical point [C / bara]] plower level [bara] phigher level [bara] COP [-] Compressor suction volume [m/h] per unit R717 (Ammonia) yes yes B2L 0 0 132.3 / 113.3 25.1 99.4 2.34a 1'800 R744 (CO2) no no A1 0 1 30.98 / 73.8 47.7 170.0 1.59 3'800 R600a (isobutane) yes no A3 0 3 134.7 / 36.3 8.3 32.8 2.17a,b R600 (Butane) yes no A3 0 4 152.0 / 37.9 6.0 25.7 2.33a,b 6'270 8'030 R601 (Pentane) yes no A3 0 5 196.6 / 33.7 2.0 10.7 2.46b,c 22`700 Cyclopentane yes no A3 0 5 238.6 / 45.7 1.3 7.7 2.60b 28`000 R1233zd R1336mzz no no A1 0.0003* 4.5 166.4 / 36.2 3.7 17.8 2.54 no no A1 0 1 171.3 / 29.0 2.3 12.5 2.47c 11`530 19`270 1: ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) 2: Ozone depletion potential, high values are forbidden by Montreal protocol * Considered to be insignificant in EU and US legislation. Fluids with very low values are allowed for usage without any restriction. R1233zd is not listed in the F-Gas regulation appendix 1 and is by legal authorities recommended substitute for ozone depleting and global warming substances a: screw compressor; b: double-walled heat exchanger; c: internal recuperation required due to a minimum distance to the saturated vapor line 3: Global warming potential 100 years best option HFO DEGRADATION & ENVIRONMENT M. P. Sulbaek Andersen et. al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 1735-1748 Atmospheric decomposition of Solstice LBA OH (and other radicals) in the atmosphere breakdown 1233zd over ~30 days Final breakdown products are not new or long lived Final byproducts are same as 245fa and 141b at levels much lower than naturally present No new or long lived decomposition products found MEASURES TO REDUCE RISK OF ENVIRONMENTAL RELEASE BASF is aware of potential risk in case of release of refrigerant ODP of 0.0003 GWP of 4.5 Formation of TFA Suffocating atmosphere in the direct vicinity of the plant The plant is designed as technically tight e.g. Special seals at compressors Minimization of flanges by use of welded pipes Blow-out proof seals at flanges By definition of ChemKlimaschutzV, 1%/a leakage of refrigerant is defined Based on GWP, this would lead to app. 1,3 t/a of CO2 equivalent emissons Formation of 6 kg/a of TFA in the environment The use of R1233zd can be seen as an enabler for the roll out of heat pumps. Different heat pump technologies will be a key technology in the energy transformation PROCEEDINGS WITH OTHER PROJECTS The choice of the appropriate refrigerant must be made case by case Several factors have to be evaluated e.g.: Safety aspects Temperature lift Available space -> size of the plant For further project studies BASF also considers natural refrigerants like ammonia or butane as alternative to HFOs OUR TRANSFORMATION HAS STARTED SPEED IS KEY FOR SUCCESS! -25% CO2 emissions1 2030 NET ZERO CO2 emissions1 2050 1 Scope 1 and Scope 2 0I - BASF WWee ccrreeaattee cchheemmisisttrryy