Document k9EbZw1OxYExqXawLV10aamyE

FILE NAME: &'ZZ&' DATE: DOC#: &' DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:ZZZE^/^^ ZZDhZ/ ,(CQlnpounding Materials Used in' the Rubber Industry Part ll-Dry Inorganic Substancc'>; Gums, Oil!., Rc~il1()uS Maccriab and \'Vaxcs; LilJuids and Gao,cs Industrial Safety Series No. Published hy the National Saft,t)' Council 20 North \Vackcr Drive, ChiGlgo Thb ptllnphkt b tIll' ~ec(lncl III a ~l'ri{'~ ui t \\ (l on "Compounding \t<l\('ri,tI~ r~ed in Ihe Rubber IndlbII}" Thl' flr~1 pamphll'l, :\0. RF-I, I' ("lInllned tll the (la~,iflCati(Jn oi or":,1 me ,I( c('lcralor" alll i-o~i(lants and <11 \ organic (ol11p()nnd~. Thi:-- pallll,hll'l j, cunfll)cd to the following Ihi \'t' gr(J\lp~ of compounding matc- Ilab, (1" l11tH L:..~1\H .... "1i .. t.llh. {',", t "ll}! ..... \111",. l\. .... ltHtI\', l11all'nal ... \\.1 ' ( ... I HJlII<1, ,IIIt( \.!.I'C- ,uHI ) \ 11 all (,Ill)!t ha~ 1)Cl'll made to Ii,t h(,(,('1I1 alphalwtirally, in thc Ihree ,d)I)\'I' ;!IOtlP~, practiullly all uf the IHI,il compounding \Ilgr('dient~ uq'd 111 I\)(' m,llllli<lcture (1\ ruhber which ,11,' nllt w\'ef(,d in Pamphlct ~(). 1\1'-1. It ,IJt>uld b" realized, ho\\,n ('I. thal 111'\\ romJl(ltllldin~ il1!-:rcdirllh ;11 (' (,)\)~(al1! Iy hemg dl'wloped ,lI1d in ~1)1I1t' C.\~(" ne\l and \IlHI..,ual <i-'''. .Ill' lieing made of the prl':-l'nt ,ll~ltdl('n\'. \ Ill'll'f (il-serip!i(lll of "I( h l'Il111l()\II11ling ingredient i~ giv, "11, lu!.:cl her \\ ilh i" \I "t' in Ih(~ l'uhIll') lIldll'II'). it~ rel,I!I\'(' Iwallh hal.- .lld. ,\lId I ,'\'01\1I\1('I\(I.\t iOIl:- for it:- "I'" h'lnt1lill.~ frO!1\ a llt'alth \'ic,,'''1111 ;\LIIIY of Ih,' ,,,1\('111,, \H'd ill "lllljlllllll,ll\1g ruhlH'r al(' Ilal11ll1ahlt" ,,'11.1111 Id Ihl' dlY ~UIJ~t"I1(,('!' lI'l'd I c I'll I d dU~1 (':\plo..,illll haz.ll'll. and I i1l' 'H' {l1 \',niolh nib involve.; Ihe <1.11\':<'1 oi ~P"l1t,lIH'Oll~ ignilion, 1Ill\\,'I "/. 111(' I'll (' hazard~ of Ihe ~Ilh "Inn" 1i,11'1I are not di~Cll..,,,('r) in 111'',,1 .I' tl1lhl' hazard, are fully co\'11(,11 in 0111('1' pulJlicali()n~. "( hi, I'.lfllphld i, a (llInpil.ltion of expcriclIlc in JII idcl\{ prevention. It ,llOlIl,l nil' he ,'''111111'<1, hllw\:\ er, Ihat il indud,,, C\ er\' ,lllCpt,lhl~' pft)~""ure in Ihe field u)\,crc<l_ It 111l1,t Itot he l'onfu,cd with kder,tl, '1,lIl' or in\lIr,'IHI' fl'<jllir'I\\I'nh. ur with AllIeri,,,n Sland,m! ),lfcl), "'''~'\. Dry Inorganic Compounds J. l\1()~t of 1111' compountl.., in (hi.; group are of it ~oft mineral pomier typc l of a particlf' ~ize le!-o~ than two h\lndred 1Il('~h, many of h',,~ (h.tn three hundret\ n1('~h, or finer, '(,W of thelll contain hald or alml":\'(' parI idc!'> ~lIch it'> ~ilic'l or corundum. (lnly a few arc I()~ic. On the whole they arc cOll1parat iwly fr('(' irom health h<l?,mk I1O\\'l'Vl'I', they arc all 11lore or k:--!'o tlU-I), \\hen handled rarelt"ly, and tlw ordinary !lll"l ha?ani i~ al\\'a~'" pr(,~(,I1t. (;ood :-,(urage hin:;, C<!I1vl'yor.;, hoodI'd mil!", and elYlri!'nt c:\hau"t ;-.y:-tctn.., will rcadily l'lil11inall' the du:-t har.<Inls ;tnd in n\O~( ca~('~ pi (,Vt'nl harm irnlll Ihe ItI\ic or ~ili('a l)("ll ing compound.. , (Sri' abo ~alional :o-arl'ly COllncil 11,'allh Practi(," I'dlllphll'l ;\0. 4. "Du.. t," ,1Il(1 ~a'" l'rarliCf':- f'aml'hl,':~ ~(). "t, "1':\halt~1 :-'Y:-\('I1I<' a11<1 \'0, Id, "R\'~i'i ratOl y 1'101('('1 i\'(' Eqlllpnwnt ,") 4. Therc aJ \' '-\'\ eral romp('lIl1lb, hO\\'l'\'\'!', that ~hollld recciw :-llI'cial con ..i!lcralilln. ~U( h ,l~ leacl or ..,ilkahearing compound.;. Tht':-t' a,,' :--0 c1l'~ilSnall'd in the iolluwing li~t oi material", Aluminllll1 Flake .i. ,\ frne rf('alll-(olu), cl p:,\\(!t.:r, r()lhblin~ prim,lI'Ily of a1U1l111lUll, :-di call', lI~f'd a~ a fdl('r in 11Ibbl'l' I i!'o nOll-grit! y and 11011-lIhi( LUI ralhcl dll~ly in handling. Ammonium Carbon.He 11 .\ whilc ny~tnlin( ,,: ltll11p~ powder having CL )lungell! (,dl,r .. I ,U;)monia. It readily c\L'C()!\)P()~I" anI giq" orf an irrilatin~ ()lit'. durlll;! Int\lI1g. It i" lI'l'tl in !>p"ngl' l'd')!JI'I' It i., ~lightly lo:\ic, hut th,'''(' " hUll health ha,mI'd a', il i~ 1.,11.,:"" III (he rubber indu:-lry. Antimony Sulphide~ 'I. Therc art' (WO typt': ,he ~,,;d en and the red antil11r:ny ~u![ ,l~idl' lbl'd for colnrin/! rubber ani(\e, :-;OIlH' graclr:-; contain d ctlr.~llkr,~l,k pl'l'l'i'I1lagl' of irec :-'l,lphut' .1Ild ",I: (iu1l1 ~\ll]lhatc, 'I hl'V ai,' ,I,"h!i\' \o\ir, irritating to th~,"k:n antlll.-, IIltlI'OU>. memhrane' Car"i,!! handlll;~ i~ rt'quirl'd. ("it'!' al.;o Indu.-fI ial Dal.l ~1)('1'1 1)-('11('111. ! 2, ".\nlill1on\ ,\1,,1 I(~ COl11pIHlI1lb.') . s ,\ rlhl'oti~ val ;,'ty !Ii )Il,lglll";'1I ,!Ii( ,Itl' IN'cI il' rllhfH r ,I' a I'dli', 1'~p(;l'ia1!y ;n P,ll kjl1~~" an" ~d,kl'l~ It i" "hit<, jl\)\\(lt-r. nlll\-gri((~ ,U 111)\I-I(/\ic. It ',1Ould be ]HJ(l1,' In III il1<1 , ho\\(vcr. lbdl I)1,IIIY uf Ihl", ~'Ii'-'l:l". whrn nlll l,url', 111.1:- (,('I1~,lil I1 "\I'~ 0:' ~ilicd ,t~ltl <iu,,' ~L(Jl,',d ". kt'l)! (10\1 n. I.rf) (ISTNI,j[. S.IFI~1T slw-ms NO, RU-J C! to tit J1'(llh I1wgne~i\JJl1 );ilicntc u-( cl ill Jl1<~'I~ type... of ruhber good~, ('<['('C;,}l1\' ,,~ the packing and gallket :~ "'. a11<1 wilen' the ruhber must \\ lil.,1 Ill!! rfll1"i!ll'rnblt !wal. It l11ay ' 1" , ;ll.l'IH11 III many kl1;.:th.; of flueI', , I "'1 ;111 ;nl!1 h'llg to airl1o"t a po\\''!''', ,lll,1 I" 'J~lIally ~nt~i.;h ",hi\t' in .' ,,',11 <1nl {'. :-;llilabl(' ('~hau.;t ~y;;- " '." ,,)' r(")liratory pnltective {'quip"1\'111 ill'l' u"U:llly I1l'l'rll'c\ to prevcn\ d\,' inha!"li"" {)f flu"t by the work('r~. Ho" iurn Dmt ~(l. .\ 11;\(\1' !la'l1\' (or harium ,,\11,,11:\11'. n,lI iUI11 Sulp\1att' , 1 \ hr<!\'Y while powdcr used ,,,' 1'''l1il)'l'I''~ ruhlwr an(1 al~o a~ a ,.1 ~,'r It i" in"oluhle in most !'ol\ ," I', 1t ;, nOIl-arN1rhallle and nOllI ,,\ I '1 l11'fl' i... no h!t7.arl1 in han(\lill1-\, , . :,' 'rIIPI lllt:t of c:u.. l. n.1 1 \'te~ ('oPl'fwrrial name fOI' natural ,1 ""'11 III '},I;-;\\111 .;ull'hatr. " , , . ' \ "',I,h' na\ll(' for lithopone, \I,'nlOnitC' 'I 1:,I""l1il(' i, ;1 fl!1l' rolloidal '. \ p!l;ill1l{'{1 Jl'tIl1\ natural dl'po~il~. }, '''Il,j,'' "i ;t 1'lI1r gmyj.;h-whilr ""\\1;1'1, ,,:I11:!;lr in Inany charactcl'- .' I" '" 11'1",' I'la,\'.... \\l'!Honit(', ho\\" "I r, J,::, '}J(' Il('culi,lr l'l'IIprrty of ,,,tt 1;1.\ hytlll1ly~in~ when brought in'., ('(In Jat I wi t h \I'all'r and ~",(':1ing '" 1""11 ,\ il'l!y-likc .;Iructure, Small ,'I'I""ll:~ (,'\I"{' a tn'Ill\'I1(I('u~ thick,'1111:, ,'I \\atl'r ~{)llltion:;. On acI IIUI1I ,d Ihl'~l' JH 0\1('1'\ il':; i l i:; used ;" .I Ihi(,I,('lling a,:.:('nl Hnd ~tnhi1izcr ',01 \\,llt'l di'lwn-iul1' 01 rubber: Bet :ltH' ": ':, activity and ah~orptive ''i' 'I "'1111" 1'.'/1('n llrnllr,:ht int(J ron',11 I ',Ii:h \\':Itl'r, carr ,hollltl br lakrn '" : 'H'Wn! inhalation or ,wllllo\\'ing "I t1H' ,1\1,1. 111.111\' 1'i'l I:; \ 11'.1<1(' 114lI1e.(01 precipitat('d 1),1' IU" ... \1,~ lna1 P. \\1\1': L...ad : (, \!,!1 ilyi~h,hlll(' 1'00\'(J<.r Il~l'd .1 ;\ 1111 1(' ;tc(,l'h-I'atnl' and for ('0111- "1".111' ;jll~. .\ Illl\t \ll'l' uf active lead 1 "i'I""l111ti" and \'I"Y '(,,,ie. (~!'(' kad (1I'H:)II')IH1, ) Cadmiulll Ydlnw 17. ,\ fine li~hl-yclluw p!lwclcr of cadmium ~uJphid('1 u:;('(1 for colllrilll-( rubber, It i~ ~li~ht Iy toxic, It ran rau:-:e irritation of nlI1WU<\ 111l'1lIhran(';; Rnd 111'0 ga<:triti.;. ('art'ful han<1lin~ i!-l required; hlHHI:-; nltl~( II(' kt'pt d('an and (lu'-t al a minimum ill 11ll' workplac('. Calcim'd Magnt'\ia 1R, (S('c l11a)!;ne~illm oxide.) Calciulll Chloride 19, \\,hill' to hnmni:;h deliqu(,!-I('('nt crystals or IUI11)1'! whkh III I' I'a~, i1y soluhle in wal('l', This material i~ !lol all(lell tot Iw ruhherI hut i~ (li:-;lIolv('d in ",atrr and u~cd iI~ Cl hath for vukanizin~ ruhl)('1' articleg, It i" irritatini{ 1(1 (he ~kin hut non-Io"ic. Carbon Black 20, ,\n exc{,Nlingly fme du<;ly hlack (lOWlIer. It i~ u:-\l'd in quantities for tirc~ Hnd mHny litH'o.; of rubber )!;ood~ a.; a reinforcing ingrcrJi('nl. Thc du<;t ill (liflkult to rope with but i~ non-toxic. Carhonate of Ammonia 21. (Sec ammoniulll carhonale,) Carbonate of Magnco;ia 22. (Scc magn('"iull1 rarbnnnl{',) Caustic Sod:t 2,~, San1l' Ht; ~oditlll1 hYllroxitll', It i~ a white l11oi~tt1Il'-ah~orl)('nl ~1I'" ... tanre, u"tlally in Ilw form of ~tirb, !lake... or lUlllp~. and l'a~ily solublc' in water. Tt i" u,,('{l I\~ a hath 01' \\'a"h for rubber art icJt'o.; to ('Iran~(', 1'('l11o\'r hloolll, and /l:n':I~(,. II i~ Vl'1 Y caustic, tJi.,:intrgral('" III'gnnic lil.\~\ll'. and ~h(1ttld he handled with g1'l'al ('[Ire tl' krl'p it from contact with thl' skin and ey('..:, (~ee al~o NaliPllal Safrty Council Safr l'racticro.; I'amphkt :\0. 2.'i, ",\rid:, PilI! ('a\l~tir~," an!! Intlu!'trial Dala Shl'(,t J)-( 'lwlI1, 2, "Handling Cau"tic Soda.") Chalk 24. (Set' whitin~.) China Clay~ 25. (Sec day,;,) Chrof1lt' Grl'~'" 2(,. ,\ /.:11'(')1 mineral powcler lbl'd for rolOl'ing ruhl)('l', Th(' 1Il0"t ~ilt i...fartory gll'{'\1 f(lr l\lhh!'!, work j" tIll' midl' rl'~()" 'l hit h i" illt" I :tnd )11'\1, to"ic, There are, however, so-called "chrol11e grt'en~," which are not purc rhrollliwll oxide hut are mixture~ of hlur and yellow pigments made lip of compound;; olher than chromium, SUl'h pi/l:llIent~ might have w"ic prop('1'1 it~, l"'pl'cially if they contain lead ~alt~. Such gTl'cns CITe usually un~ati<;ril('t(/ry (or heal vulcanization of ruhher, since thev lost thd r color 11111h'r hi~h 1t'lIlp('~ature~, ."t'vcrthel('<;~, the purity of chrome ~rcen ~hould he 11('lerlllined hdorc ~ivin~ it 11 rlt'l1l1 "hill of h('<llIh." Chrome Ydlow 27. A (It'ep-yellow pow(ler lI:ied (OT c(1lorin", ruhlJ('r, This is Cl chi (1mate of 1I'ad, nit hough th('re arc al~o chromate's or zinc anel Illlriulll. The l('a<1 ~a1t i~ the one u!'oually lISI'C\ for I'uhlwr anll is quill' toxic becallse ul tIll' I('ad it ('ollwin<;, It :;llOulcl 1)(' hanc11('cl with thl' ~ame (In'calltion~ a<; ()th(~r lead compounds. (Scc lead rompoumls. ) Clays 2,\{, Th('re are innumerllbl{' clflY", varying in col()rs and tan~in~ fl'Ol\1 0 whilt' to black. Thfl~(' her ('ol11pounding ar(' lIu"~ctdlalflolr' ruh the whitl' variety, ranging (rom wl;itt' to crr(t1l1 or huff, 1\1,,:;1 of Ih( rill\" art' lilll' ~tnont h pow<ll'r~, varyi;lg gmltl), in both chl'mical and Jlhy~ical prop{'rti('~. They arc ot' natural origin and rhl'lllil'al1v 1I hvt1rou-; allllllil\\l1ll silicat{'. Th(';' llr(' ;,,('d a<; till!'!', and for r(,inforcing, 'I'll<' clay~ an' lI"lIal, Iy Mn-gritty and non-toxic, ,\ ~uit, abl(' (,'(hUlI"t ~y<;tell1 01' t(...pirator i" \I~t\al1y rcquirl'll to protect the rc~- pira tOl'Y organ'!, Cril1l~()n Antifl10ny 29. I\nolher name for rcd anti Illony sulphide. Diatomaccol1s Earth (Celitc) 30, A soft ('arthy rock composed of t Ill' ~i1ic('{)u~ ~kelet(Jn~ of :"111<111 aquatic plant~ called diatoms, It ~rin(\.; 10 Cl flnc powder, eXlremc-ly light and l1urfy, tI~('(\ for flUer in tuhhrr compound.;, It is 1I0n,lo"ic, 1)\11 n\\'(' ~h(J\lld Ill.' taken to kc('p down e,,('e;;~i\'l' clu"l. .\ !-ouitahle e:o.- hall';! :-:ystcm or r<'''piratnr may lll' n('edl'(!. ~,,~ .~~) Fmcl Y 31, ,\ lin(' ahra.,iw powt!tr u:-l'd wit 11 ruhhl'r for making l'1,I"er" alld / lI,n IILeck ('O.III'Ol:.\"/)/"'(; Ba>,ically, it i~ an IIll1inlllll 1I\lclt', J( i~ Ilon-to:o.ic but ,/lolIl' and dall;':l'rOll~ tu inhale. In 11' 1I"(, th(' "<Illlt' precaUlion" a~ for .'diea lIll' leqllircd. (.\bo called (IJllll1dulll.) Jim~il Flour (Sec diatoJllaceull~ earlh.) i'rench Chalk ; 3. (~('c talc,) Fuller'!. E.!rth ,H, .\ clay rriati\'cly high in l1IagIw,ia, II i!' It-cd a,.. a IllIer in rubbcr ,'"ofb and i~ non-grilty and non-toxic. (Se(' al,o clays.) (iolden Antimony .\,'i. ,Sec antimuny ~ulphides.) (;l.lphitl' 3() A ~rayi:-h-black !-oit gr('a~y powder. l'~ed for luhricating rubb('r lll.,uld .. and it' a filling material for "11('11 ct/1ll1 l\llmc!.., (I., ga:-kl'b, pack- 1I1P:,. etl' 11 i:- an impure form of 11<111\'(' carbon ami i:- 31,,0 produccd altllilially. It i.., non-Ioxic, but respilatory Plotl'ction b lI~ually neces"',11 y in i" U~l. (,lOund GI.I~~ li. .\ linc po",dell'd gla"s lI:-I'd 1", ('olllpolltHling ruhber to make (" " ..er~ and other rubber abl'a~h'c ull'lNk The !-oan1l' pJecautions ~houl<1 I'I' olJ~('rved :1:- 101' ~ilica. lL is non- IO\IC hili ~llU\lld not be handled with II.lI'(' hand~ IlI'call:-1' it may cau"c 1l1l11llte ...1, in lacerat iun~ that mav be- [onlt'infected. . (,)'p~lIm ~S. \ grayb:h-\\ hite powdl'r lI"l.'d I()I' (IJllljllllllHling rubber. It c(ln~i!'ts (li a I'uhwiz('(j natural hydroll~ call'illlll "lIlphate. It i, non-grilty and IHln-to\ir. but r!':'ipiratory protection \... n('ce~,.ary ill ib lIse. I 1.11 d Ruhber DUM .;l). ,\ ime ground hard ruhbn, ~r.lyi ..h to hlack in colol', wry light ,lIld Iluify, and "tick,. tn "hateVl'r it toul'l1l'''. Ol'liln<llily iI cOI1"i...(,. nlll~,t Iy of vulcanized h,1I d ruhber, which i... rubher and ~ulphur. hut il may ,d,,, ronl,lin (l(her mineral 01' organic ,uh"lann... \l:-'l'd in compounding ruhill'l I ht"t ..IHluld Ill' kt'Pl do\\ n, hut (he IlMtcrial j:, nol toxic. Finely .l!.rrmnl/..'i flY'} Ill,: IWIWl-.J, !Sln.)/ 1\ I ground lllhlwl' clu"t is explosiv(, W\ll'll mi';ed with air. Ileavy Magnc,i.l 40. II('avy cakin!'d magne~ia, or maglw!'iul1I o\iele. (Sl'e magne:-ium O:\jf le.) Ilypo 41. Lead hypo"ulphite. (See lead rompounck) Iron Oxide -\2. The reel o:l.idc of irun, (Sce red oxide.) Infu~orial birth B. (Src c1iahllnacrolls earth.) Kaolin H. .\ \\ hill' china day. (SI'C clays.) Kil'\clguhl' 45. (Sec diatoll1,lCeOUs ('mth.) Light Magnnia O ... idl.' 4(1, The light cairilwd /11aglw..iul11 oxide. (See 1ll,lgl1l"..iulll o:o.idl'.) Nole: iI[agnl'~,iull1 Irbollat(' i;. often !'pokcn oi incnrll:ctly a" light magne!'oia. Lamp lll.llk 47, .\ hldck carhon pigmcnt oh- taitl('d by burning oils and (lily I't':..i, due:;. Carhon black i~ "ft('n mi,,rnll('d "lamp-black." It~ rhtlrdctni!'lirs arc :-;imil.ll' 10 carhon hlaek (~('(' carhon hlack). 1t i~ not IN'c! to allY great rxll'nl. 1t is not toxic. te,ld Compound-, .fS. lit-for<' Ill\' ac\vent oi organic accelerators, thl' lead compo1ll1lb \\'('1'(' thl' 1l1(l:..t \\'id!'ly lI'I'd a( ((Itrator~ Il( \'ulcanizat ion. Some are "t ill 1I,,{'d in large quant it ic:--. The tNlal lead compound.; IN'd in ruhher eOl11jlo\1llfling art': H1u(' I('ad, lead thi(}~ulphate, hYjlo~lllphit(' or hypo, kad oleate, lead o:o.ide or litharg!', ~ublimed white Itad. and I>a"ir whitr lead. Hlu!' \toad, lead thio:-lllphalc, and hypo ate no long!'r u<..erl to any great (':o.\('nl. Ther(' art' activ(, cOl1lp"tlnd" of kad which r!'art r(,ildil~' \\ilh "ulpllur al \ltlralli/.il1~ t('l1ll '1'1 .11l1I1'~ \0 '1I('('d tljl vulcanizafioll. '1 hey are mol(' (,1' h'"s artive c(ll1lpound~ Hnd ar,' readil\' ;I~ ~il1lilat('d if taken intu the ~y:t(,I11, either through breathillg or throu:~h fnod llllltalllinall'd hy LUntact \\'ith dirty hands or clothing. 41.1. /,r:arl (lln//(: b ,till tl:--ld tu con .. jllt-rablc- t''\kn\ \J:)lh a~ an a, I eil'ratOl' and lor C\ll'util'd dlld mould('ci good:... It gJVI~S a good itni...h and ('Iilllillal('~ bloOIll in certain tyP('S oi ,tocb. It i:.. an active plli- !'onl1 anti :--hc,"ld be treated with care. Jt b a :;oft, \\'al.y ~ ViJ:-I<lIlU', and ;,0 lh\'re jo; no dange!' 0/ duo;l, tllc rl'al danger Iwin,!{ fmtll ;.ticking Iv hand" and clothing. It C.1I1 he hl~nr\led lI'ith :~ai('ty if cleanline~~ i:- carclullv ob- :..ef'vecl. SO. {,('url oridl' Ill' (ilkll'gc i, pr,)i) allly the !l10~t ('xt('n"ivelv u~erl lead compound and the onc 'mo~t to :;(' i("tl'l'd. It i,. an nrang~-to-hr 0\\ n(fllof\'d I'ml'dl'!'. TIll' dll~1 i~ \'\', \' tIllt', but b('ing heavy, settle" quid,I;. T]HlH' handling thi~ lll.l\('ri;d chOllld wear' "uitable rc;-piratory prolrctl\'l' ('I]uiprnent if there i:-. t11l: "Iigltlc"'l danger of inhaling any c\u.:( or gl'lIing c1l1~t in the mouth lir ~aliv,l. It b dangerous 10 hd!ld!e tobacco, guin. fruit or any (Ilod ulltll after till' halid~ and Lice ha\'~ I)('ell thfJl\)If"tliv \\'" ...Iwd. :\li\ing lllilb :-.hlJulcl'" :'-l hooded and (,\'(ry prec:tllltull takcn to k('('1' down r!u"t. J.l'arl u\irl" i, to\i\', hut tl1l'rl' i" no nl'er! 10 l'n1:lJ ~t' l11're on Icad jJot:.,oning Lith,lt'.ti" can he ~afrly handled if rca:-onabl(' l <1\' i~ (''\erci~ed in if ~ lI"e. TIll' \l'OI1.('r !'ohould 1)(' in"'fructed a... to it.., ~t:ri('\h t,,\ie propt'rtie... , and pail1~ ~lll,ul<i :ll' Llk('n (0 "hull' him how to h.mdll' it ~af('ly, SI. Su!J/illll'f/ ;,'IIile {('ur! i~ lar~l'l\' l('acl "ulph.lll' m(h alJOUl lS jlCI' \..lIll of active I('ae! oxide jJn.:~cnt. lL i~ the fH't' lead o'\irle whith I., tlw aCli\f' acederat ing ingredient and ,ti,() t hI' leal toxic suh;;tance. \\'hile mUl h k,.., to.\ir th.1Il IJ1t')ithargl', It "h',I!,,1 he handl(cI with tIw ~atl1C care it,. the latter ~uh: tanrl'. ~ 2. nil ~ir ::'hifc !tad i:.. a \I hIll' po\\'\ler r()n~i,ling of a I),l"'ic l.ll'I>onat(' of Jc.ad. It i" not lH'{j nl)l' to any grl'at (\It'nt ior rulllwl' c"n, jlo\lI1ding; hut it i~ a \'\'rv ,u liw .In to,ic !'uh"tanu' and if Ih~d ,1111111<1 I handled "ith'h much lollt' ,h 111:1,11' :;,;. .'\11 1'(,I'"l)n" lblll" 1,.ld "J IH1l11ld" to allV (',t,'lll ohould inlfl them",('lw ~ '1)-; th(' :-ymplOlIb ,)i I ]If}I'onin~, it, tll.!tn1l'llt. and i!\', <1nl, ,d tl'Oulll" il'tllll PliI'(llllllC:. , ,tl,o :\lIlion.iI :-;"Il'ly ("lIllU! I:, Practice;. Pamphlet ;';;), 3, "I " I.\'IJ{!STRf,lf. S"IH.TJ' slwms NO. RU-3 Lilll!: t1u~t i~ ~1ightly i1'l'itatin~ to IllU(,(Jlh l1on-lo:"Il. nil' hluc!-. u~l'd lor r\lll- .1<1 .\ fine dry \\hill' po\\(It'r u:-.ed memhrane" hut non-Ioxic. Suitahlr ill'r arc tIll' lll-,ol\lblc tYIJC and 1>1('- l'\tclI~in'ly in ruhber compounding a~ respiratory protect ion is required in pared 10 wilh"tand the ll'mperdtUrl" .' a 'Cl !)lld,lry a( celer.ltor and drying its ll"e. of '.'lIlranil.allOl1. They arc ll~cd in Ingredient. Thi,; compound i!'- the 'o-LIII('d hydrated calcium oxide or ~Iakecl lime. It b slightly caustic ;,nd irritating to mucous membranes, l\fagne,ia thea 59. Same as magnesium oxide. Mica cOlllparatively ~l1iall qUdntities, and. there i:, no lwalth halMd cunncct('cl with t\wir handling, a~jde from tlhlt of du!-.t. '. ,11111 'lIitable protection against its (,llI"tIC action is required. (Sce In dll,t n:ti Dala Shed j). C\w Ill. 19, "Lime," ior detaib.) LitlJal ge SS Lead oxide. pU\lIHb. ) (Sec lead com- Lithoponc 5(). ,\ llne white powder con~isting of barium ~ulphate and zinc ~uIJlhicll' of hi~h coloring power. It i" a \\'idl'ly u!-.ed pigment for producing white rubber goods. Being rather inert, there b no hazard conl1L'lled \\ ith it:, u~e other than the general dust hazard. The zinc presI'llt in tIll' 1Il,llerial might be di~ "ulwd ii con"i(\('rahll' quantities oi dll~t \\ere taken into thc sy:-.tem, but 1.ll1r 111 '-oHch ~l1lall quantiti('" would 60. A form of all1ll1il1l1111 ~i1irat(' which, when f1l1c1y ground, i<.; a soft glistening powder. The ilat particles slide over each other, giving the slippery properties noted in graphite. The colol' runs from Cl cream white 10 gray. 1t is ll;.c'd for cll1:-.ling law rubber to keep Ihe slabs from ~Li('k ing together, also for d11sting tinished goods to give a smooth, gli!--tening fll1ish. )Iira is abo 11~ed in packing>; and mechanical good., as a filler where goods are to resist hrClt and acid. The material b non-to:-.ic, and then: is no hazard other than the dllst hazard. Cheap grade:', however. may contain traces of :-.ilica, Suitahle H'.;pir,ltory protection i" nccl'~~aly, l\lira in needle-li].;r form is lihly to he more irritating to the ~kin and na~al passages than mica in plat(' form. Rcd Oxide (,R. ,\ fliw !'('d pigl\1ent. vcry den~e anel }\('<1\,Y, anel con ... i~ting of tIll' red o:-..idl' of irun: abo callcd iron red. It I, olle 01 the 111(l,t wirkIy used red pigment<; for culorin;.i rubber, It i" nOIl-toxic. and no ~eriClll' health danger is in\'(Jlvcc\ in it-. h,\I1 clUng. Howevcr, it i~ aclvi~alJle tu keep elu:;t down, a" the o:-..iclc Oi,'" rPadily. Red Ochre 69. A dull browni:-.h-rcd powder u-eel for r()lorin.~ ruhbcr good.... It con"ists of a ground natural iml)Urc f()flll of iron o'\i<ie, l1Iore gritty a, a rule than th(' regular red o:..ide. It j" nOI1-to'\ir. h\lt It may cllntain .,ilica. anc\ so care ~h()ulcl be exerci:-l'd Jll keeping clown tltht. nnt Ill' cunsidered as a to:-.ic mate I ial. Oxide of Magnc~ia (,1. (Sce magn('siIlIl1 oxid('.) Rotten Swne 70. (:-lI'C 1l'I]1oli.) J\I,lglle~iulll Carbul1,lle 57. Al~o called magnesia carbona te ,\l1d light carbonate. This is a 11111 i~' \\ hi te powder: 11l'Xt t() carbon black it i~ one of the light(,~t powders lI'I'd. and it thcrl'lule (au:-.e~ r()n~id ('I.lble du:.!. It b \'ery ~oluble ii taken internally, but it ha~ no poi~"nous effects. It i~ an ingredient olten u"ed for bahy and tOIlet po\\'d,'r~ and abo used in many medical pi('Il.lra tion>- a" an an ti-acid and mild la\;lti\,c. There i., no health hazard lOlllH'Lll'd \\ ith ib u>-e othcr than that of du:-.l. ~Llglle~illl1l Oxide .;~ .\1"'0 called l1Ia~~lll'.,ia lI\ide ,Ilid call ined magnl':-ia It b ohtained h:- heating tIll' llla.glll':-ium c,\l'\Jullatc. '1 \I () gl ali(''-o ar(' ":-ed ('\tl'n,i\'('ly in 1hl' 1\IhlJer indu:-tl), ont' called hem y (.drilled 1\I,I1.:nl'"i,1 and tl1(' other light c.licined l11agne::-ia. The hl'avy product I, II1tlre dcn~(' and ::-lightly darker Oxide of Iron 62. (Sec red oxidc.) Paris W'hiee 63. (Sec whit ing.) Pla,tcr of P.lri!. 64. (Sce gyp"um.) Plumbago 65. (Sce graphitc.) Pumice M,. A grayi~h powd(,r con~i~t ing of ground lava. 1t is a COl11pJr'\ silicate of alUlllinlll11, p()ta~.,i\l111 and ~(ldiull1, 1t is uSl'd a" a ~()II alml"ivc for producing a :--tnooth po1i~I1('d ~ur fare on ruhht'r goods ;,lIch as nwchanicalo.; and lolb. .\bo it i, lI~('d a~ a filler in acid anel heal-Ic"bting rllhh('!' goolk 1t jo.; non to\ic. hut ran' ,hould be ('xerri"ed in keeping 11<1\\ n dust. PIIl,~i,ln Blue Sand 71. (Sec silicon ciio:-.icie ) Selenium 72. ;\h'tallic selenium in tlH' II.l'I11 of a fll1e h~avy grayb,h-black pm\ cl"r i" u.;eel 10 a limited e:-.tent ill ~cveral hranch('" of the rubher indu~try. notahly in the in:-.ulaterl wir,' inrlu~try and where it very low IA:r'nta~~c ui sulphur m\l~t he \I~r(l. Inionnatioi1 concerning it~ to'\ic l'flljlertlc, i., rat her l11eagrt' It i~ claimcd t, 1)(' non-toxic, anet \\'~ haw 110 rt'('llrtb to inclicate that there :.Ire any health hazard~ in connertion with ib lI'e in the ruhlwr inclll,try. 11 i~ ad\'i'ahlr to protect worker" a,gain -L il~ hal,ltion or ~\\'aliO\\In;.i uf th,' ellbl. Silica 73. (Sl'e <'iliron dill:-..itil'.) Silicon Dio\i"C 7 I. ,\bo rillll'r! :--ili( et ,md quart/,. III ({)Iur than Ihe light calcined ma- h7. The 1'(' an' a nllmher (lf ,(l- ...and, ett. .\ hard ahra,ive II(I\\'(iL-r. I cl'lal. Both are u~('d a~ au\iliary called (1ru'~ian hI lie, with varying \arying in partic.le size from a \'ery ,1l'Cl'kr.llor~ alld to 1H'lItralil(' acid I ('act I(m"', The percrlltagc \l~ed is ~h,\l1e, and ~()lllhili(il'~, all 1ll'lol1ging 10 the iHlI1 hl\l(,~ They aH' feITo- fme p,)wdci' It, lar~~e ~harjl IMll;CI'" known a" :-ancl. The Clilllr m,I:, . M:, 1l'l,l\i\'Cl~ :-om,lll \l1 mo"l C<l:'C:';. The ferri-cyanide compositions and arc from almost pure white to yelllJ'I' or )r('111l or gJiI~ i.'h. Thi-. i:: the l11atl'tial which ha... been ~o widely di:-; Ilb'(l1 In ca:'l~ of .,iliro:.is. It ocelll" ", <111 implIl'ity ill lllany du~ts alld PO\\t\I'I,. and i, lhuall~' pl'I''''ent 111 C'Ollllllon foad du:.1. In rubber comrHJlll1(ling. il~ U"C i~ confwcd to "UI h ~Jlecial ruhber arlic1c~ a~ cra~('rs and almlc,jvc \\'heeb. .\ very fine ;.11 ade i, al,o lI:.c<l as a filler ior cer"Iill I ulJlH'r gO(ld~. \\"hcl'l'\w il is \I'et!, the \\'()rker~ weighing and mixIng :.Iwulti Ill' protected by L''\hau:.t ,,,11'111'. Ill' II1l'Y ~h(l\llt! \\'('ar ~lIilablc 1l'''pil'cltUIY proteclive equipment. TIH'n' i!- all abundance of data avail,dlit' on :.ilirn...is which should ])(' ,-tutill'cl Ity :In),ol1e u~illg or contl'l1lJllalin~ U"f' of ~i1icon dioxide. (See a1"0 :\ationa I Safely Council Hcalth l'r,l( I ir('~ l'amphll~t No. 20. "Silico,i". ") Slate Flour 1.1. \ fine blubh-gray powder con'l,ting of ground slate. In compo"ition it j" a ~eclimentary ruck. It i:-; 1I'l'd (\' a dw'ap filler and for C('I'lal1l heat-re:.i"'ling ancl acid-re;:j~ting rllhlH'r gtlod~. It j;; non-toxic, hut it may contain ~ilica; therefore precaution, ~hould he taken to pre\'rnt inhal;ltion of the till"!. SO.I p\wnc 7h (Scc talc_) ~ulpllllr 77 \ pUll' llatlllal depo:.it ground to an ("\r('edingl~' line po\\'der. Il if'> light yellow in colnr and i" the prin- IIj),11 \'ukanizing ingredient u:-l'd in ruhhrr manufacture. \\,ith few cx('ption'. all rubber g()od~ ar(' cllred Ill' \'\ilranized with !-ulphur or \\ it h ,-ulphul CllllljlllllIHI.... Sulphur du~l is Irtltalin~ to the e) (..... r(''''piratory or~',II1'-, ,lIld ~kin. (;lo\'t'!' and ..hirt!' \\ it h '-,1t'e\'('~ may b(' ne('e!-sary to pro\0'< I I Ill' hand ... and .11"111:-. COggll'~ ,lilt! It'''pirat(lr~ >olltluld be u<;ed if IIH'n' i... lllll( h ~lIlphllr till'<1. \delj\lall' \'('l1tllatioll and (',hall:;t eCJuip1111'111 ... l1ollld 1)(' provided to keep the du"l at a minimulll. There are ~e\" l'I'al \'ariet il'~ of >oulphur. ~uch a" flo\\,,'\'- of "'lIlphttr and rrccipitatpd ~1I1ph\l\, but dlL'lIlically tlll'y are the '.11))(' ,10., t hI' nat ural product. J'.t1c is \ fllll' \\hitl'-Io-gray pow(1er lb.lt ICl'b c:\lrel11ely >oofl antI peculiar- ly grm.-y or ~()apy. 1I i" II,-<,d IhrollghOllt thc t'lthlwr indu"lr), :1:' a lllht irant or du!-ting powder. It i" a hydr()u~ magl1l',iulIl ~i1i( at(', wry inert. It b llon-tu\ic, and tIWIt! i" no health danger in it!'> handling other than that of clu:-;t. Tellurium 79. Tellurium is u~ed to a limited c:\\t'nt a~ a vltlcanit.ing a;~l'nt .tnd e~]lecially wh('t I' wry low-sulphur :-;t()ck~ arc cl('~ir\'(1. I L b Cl grayio.,hhlack tlt1lol'pholl:-; powder. Ikl'lllit(, recort1~ ag to il~ toxicity are j,lcking, but ;;ome workl'r~ appear to k wry ~en ... iLi\'e to the oc1nr given ofi \\'11<'n they come into intimate ('(mtnt t \\'ilh rubber :-;tocks containing thi~ r111'1l1ka1. ,\~idc from the di~agrc'ea hie nr1or) IhNe appl'ar to he no lecort!, of ca~e~ where it ha,; 1)f('~enll'eI it !'t'rioll~ lwalth hazard when IN'ti in ruhber. It i~ advbable to protect \\,or];:er:-; from direct contart "ith the material as much as possihle. Ti(;lniul1l Dioxide .so. Titanium diIP,irle, ('ith!'r ne, the o\ide or in comi1mation with barium or calcium ~ulphate, i~ u:,ed a~ a whitl' colnring pigmrnt for (ompounding rulllwr. It b 0l1l' of thc' whitl'~t nnd m()~t stable of thl' few while pigll1l'llt:-; sllitahle for rubb!'r. Thesc titanium whitrs arc' (',cceelingIy Cm!' \\'hitl' powders, and the uqwl precaution~. for pigt11C'nL r1lt~t~ !-hould be ob~ervcd. There appear to be no record~ of their having catHl'd any toxic hazard:; a<; u~ec] for ruhber compounding. Tripoli SI. Abo ca1il'd rotten ~tOll('. 1t j" a porous, ~i1ircoll<; rock I('~ulling from the natural decomposition of ~and"tone. It i~ u~rd w, an innt fIller and a~ a mile! poli,hing com pound for rIIllher. Tt i<; Ilnl1-l()\ir, but care ~hould hc ("{'I'ri~('d In pl'e\'('nt exc<,,,... i\'(' dlt~l, and ('~IW( ial1y in halation of dll';t, ,illrl' it may (ontain a ~l11all amount (If ~iliLa a<; an impurity. Tripolite H2. (S!'c diatomaceolls earth.) Uhnllll.\I'ine Blue R~. ,\ powder u<,,('d for rolOl ing rllhher gllncj<;, 11:; cnmpo..,ilioll i" \'ari able but LUn~isl~ c~>ocntially oi a dou- hl( ~ikal(' 01 ...odiulll and alutllinUlll and ,odiulll "ulphide. It i..; a d~ll kblu(, po\\'ell'r, fa~L to heat and -tllpbllr. It b non-tO'\ic, but dlH ~hould IlL: kept to a minimum. Umber ~4. An iron oxide \\'ith \ arymg amoun!..; (If day and :.ilicc)n rumpoun(J." 'I hel'!' arc two common \'anet 1<'''-. The ra IV umber is 1he n,ltural d('po',it grnund and mad!' "mooth. whcre<l''; the hurnt umber i:; calcined ill low heal. Thr fortl\('r j" a \'C:1r)\\'bh-buff to brown color, ,lI1d th~ la! ler a reddi~h-hro\\'n color. Ther arc lull' co:.\ colon" tt...!'rl cxten~jV(1 v in I lthlwr t1o()ring~ and mcchani~al goods. There i" no health hazard in their h<lndlinl-( other than that of the du,\. V<:l1elian Red R~. (Scc red oxide.) Vermi1ion 86. ,\ fme hrilliant ~callct-I(J orange-culon'c1 po\\'der con-.i ... lin!.; of merruric ~uIJlhide. It i, U"'I'c\ in a limited way for (oloring crrtain lYI,e, of rubher but i~ too c0~lly for general u"e. It j~ a \'Cry inerl CO:1\IJlJund, and no health hazard i,.. involVl'<1 in it!- the e,erpt that of <!\Iq. Whiting S7. :\ 1'oft white or gray powder ('()nsi~t illg (If more Ihan I)S per ccnt cairium carhonate. It b (lnr of the lllo~L widely lb('d filling comp(,und" for ruhher manuf,lctur('. The poorer !.;t'ach's 11' Iy contain :;0111C t\'are~ of ,i1ird. rt i:. nrm-tf):\ic) an<l there is no hralth halard connE'ct('cl with it,u~(' unle,,, it contain" frec !'i~i,J., which ran 11(' dcterrnitlPri by labora!ory analysk White Lead RS. (S('c' lead C(Jlllpoun(b.) Yellow Odll'{, SI). {\ mim'ral c\('po:--it \1 I. lLll, wl1l'n ground, 1)11)(111((... a dw:tp pigIl1I'nl l"('d ill ('()Ie)rill~ rill )1)('1 I~(,()d .... li:-;e(] principally for 11001 in~ ,Ind m('chaniral g,)(J(k It con,i~I' ot hvdraled icrric o,irle mixrd with clay and nth('r "ili(('IJ\h mat(,rial', ill I'dl \in~~ amounh Tiwrl' i~ llO h!'alth haz,lI'Il in ih U:-(' l""cl'pl Ihal uf I:U't. Zinc Oxide C)O. \"('\1 10 ,..ull'l1ur, [hi, i" 1",>1) dlJly the mu,..t wielely u"ed nu)b,'r I,\'IWS'J'/\/.II. s,l/r!'!' S/~/W';S NO. UU-J / jll~r('dll'lll I1 i... li"l'd hOlh ;I" an ac- / 111'alor ()f accelerallOn in \'ulranizing Ill(' 11I1Jlwr anti a.. ,I white reinforcing 111!.!Il'{irl'nt. I1 b " line whill' al1lor- lillcl', "~I)('ci:llly fill' 1"trtldll1~ ,\lld cowring ~Inck.... Thl' rolnr Ilf tlH' natural ll1alt'ri.t1~ i~ Imm n or hi oll'nbh hlack, ~Iany tn'ated or hlown hl'l' batth. {',IIIl,IUh,1 \\.t., h (),)lained .I~ an ('\utiati{lll (mll1 :C,I\'l' of tlh' Hlal.ilian \1'.1:\ pal:l: II~ I"'" dol'~ nol PI'l"l'l1t any :-pcuaJ hal-.lI do pholl:-' IH)I\(ler. Takcn inlernally, it I' "Iighlly to:-.ic, bUI with prol:er prc- w"phall ir cOlllpounll" ilre abo mr't1 in ruhher compounding, and Ihe lat- Ca~tor Oil (alii i()n~ ror keeping do" n thc du:-t ter may he ohtained in almo"l any 10S. ,\ Ihll k \'('lIo\\'i~h oil ub- Ihere i~ no ~crioll'" healt h hazard in dl'grcc of hardne:;." TIH'y are u""ally lailwd fWIll Ihe (...~q(Jr hc,ln. lI.. ed il~ handling. Ilowl'ver. many grades hlark and ha\'(' a hrighl iraltllr(, a:-. a ;,()flt'ner in rubber and in Ihe III zinc OXide contain lead salt" which II'h('n hrohn. .\<.,phalt hancll('!'~ may producl ion of rcrtain rubbc: ~ub~ll Illcrca,c their to:-.icity. he (I'ouhlrd \\ith inilalion of thl' ~kin tute..; or facliL.:. Zinc Sulphide becatl~e of tlw min<'fal oil in the 'l"phalt. Therefore handling of a~ Ccrc~in l) 1. .\ Iln(' white powdrr with yrl- phalt \\ ith thr harr hanlh "Illlllld 1)(' 101)' .\ plllit'It'd millt'r.tll'.ll'lh \I.l~ I"",i ...h Iingl' w,ed fur coloring rllhltrr. 11 11:1 ....l~1 I'at colO1 ing Ilt1\\'l'1' hut i~ not a, !.!otld a rl'inftJIcing ingredient a~ avoided \\ h('l'(' po~~ihl('. Babam havill;~ a 1I1t'Itill.~ \Ioilll of aPPI'(J\i mall'ly 74 degrec'i Cl'l1tigl.Hle. 11 C()Il1l'S in "'hik c"kc~. L' ...cd in I'ul)- zinc (J\idl'. Tlwrc i~ no c~lwrial haz- 97, (Sce Canada hakllll.) 1ll'1' 10 rcnder it Illon' imjll'1 viou:- 10 an1 invol\'cd in it~ mc, (~('c al~o waler and ail', a~ a :-.uilencl', ,tnt! ,,', line o:\ide,) UCC'W,lX nI{, :\ Yl'lloII'i~h - to - \\ hill' (,!llnl cd c,ll'lI<lcd articll" and,clivl"'ing" c,II'Illieal ill~ulcll ion, and ror acitl-l'l'... i... l- (jlllm, Oib, Hc,inolls Materials and \'\'axcs wax obtained from the honey LfJrnb of hl'c~. It is IOllgh and ha~ a faidy high 111el1 ing pi ,int. Tt i:-. Ibl'd II) ing ru!Jlwr:-.. in it;.; u"e. I) 2. The :-uh"lance;. in Ihi;. group rendel' I'uhher imprrviou..;, a~ \\ ell a" Co.tl-Tar Pitch arc l'lrgely u~ed a" ;.oftener:; and a "oflen!'r in e:-.trllding, and ib a mild 107, ,\ hro\1 n-Io-hlack alll"l'J ,hI 'lI- pla:-licizcr:-.. p"'''cl'\'al iw against Ihe action of hody con,isl ing of Ine I'L',idlh' I c" (); Th]" group conlains material ... \\hidl ,Ill' either liquid:; or ;'l'mi~(llid:-., and there 101'(' thcrc is no dll:-.t hazard. c\ bu, all member;.; of this ~roup al'l' praclically non-volatile at Il'lllprraltlre;.. ellcounlered in rubber pl'Ilcr""ing. :-':ol1e oi the suh...tance~ 1lH'l1tiOlH'd b knowll lu be toxic wilh the po,.. ible t"I.ccjltion of :-.ome of the tal~ or pjlc1w~. They arc not haz.l!'(llllb ae, IN'd ill 11le' rubber int1u~try het all~e of Ihe I'l'latiwly ~l1lall ;IIIHlllnl:-. IH'd and Ill'rau~e thc)' are neither in rllle parlic1r~ nor ~ufticirnl Iy hOI 10 give off fume~. light. Bitumen 99. (Sce a~phalt.) Browll Sl1h~tittHc lOO, (Sl'e factice, brown.) Black Sub~titutc 101. (Src fact ice, black.) Burgundy Pitch 102. I\n Op.l'lUC YI'II()\\i:-.h 10 I'l'dtlbh-Immll re"in obtained from l'\orll'uy ~pruce, Soit('ns under heat and is u"erl in ('onjuncl ion wit h ollwr maining afler the coal-tar h,t- 1)('('11 di,,1 il1cc1. It Vill ic'i irom a :.oft ~lic:'.1 to a hard hrittlr ma..." dccorc1ing tu the (h'gn'c (0 which r1i.,tiilali(l11 h,1- hren carried out. Coal-tar pltLll i, u'I'd a~ a softcncr and tack produccr, and for ("truder! goods. It 111:1)' CC.I1- taill re...idlle, or coal-t"r PludUCI~ which arc lo:-.ic, but tht' hlt;h It'mIJe'!'alures of c1i...tillal ion ~h(juld Il'ill!>\( l!llht oi tl1l'"e, ane! the ~1.1"I. ,tr'\!lIlnl' 11-.('(1 for 1110,t lllhhcr work pi (', 1,,( it' any sl'riouo; l1l'alth hazard in it" u,e. provided it high ~tandal'rl uf peNlnal hygiene i;, mainl.linl'cl. 1)1 The oib an' u<"lIally added dlreclly 10 the ruhber on Ihe mills .llld lI'lll'kcd in. Tht' ~o1id rc!'in~ anll \\ a \('''' arl' t'i Ilwr Illelled or gl'otmcl 10 I IJ.lr"e Ilake~ before they arc added IIJ Ihl' I'uhlwr; \\ilh lea!'oonable carc .11111 I k;IIl"nl'~'" Ihl're i.. IIn 11I'alth 11,II-ald in Iheir IN'. I); ()il ... anti rl':-.in" kllo\\ n a... or~.ll1il arcelnatur... all' not included I\ith Ihi ... gloup but arc di~cu<.,~ecl in ~. ~. C. pamphlel :\0. RU-l. oib, to give Im k to 1'1Ihhrr, !'~(ll'rial Iy unvuirunized friction'i, ta pr'",, ('{c. It is abo u~('d in tacky cemenls, Pitch i~ a ~kill irritant to many I)('r~on~, e<"p!'ci,ll1y when a high !-I <lnc1ard of per~ona1 hygi('n(' is not mainlained. Canada Hal~all1 10.1. ,\ !(... inoll" ('\Ucl,11 ion fI Oill ~1)J'un', u...{'t1 10 gi\'(' lack ill rllhlwl' rrillion" and Cl'n1t'nt~. (~Cl' al ...o hurgundy pilch.) Carnaulu \X'ax Colophon)' 10S. ('O!l1Il1()1l pinc' 1'('-111 which j, oh(,lilwd ;J~ :I re-itlut' dltl'r the div tillalion ot turpelltinc oil rrom CIUClt' 11Irpentinr. \'arie, in c,)lr!\' 11(JIil light-amher to dark reddi ...h-IJI()\\'II. It i~ IH'c! ill rubber ('nmpound, IIll pl'ndllring t;llk and in r 1I b I) 1'1 (,,('IlH'n(~,. I1 lhually C(lll'('~ in IUIl11',md b Il'adil~- I'lIlvC'ri!.,.] nl' Ill(')!'" c1()\\'Il wlwl1 ,1(J(lcrl 10 Ihr r\ll,il!': Imtrh on tl1<' mill. There h no kll(I\\l1 hal.ard in it:-. l\-I' A ~ph.iI( IOl, lT~{'d quill' l':l.1!'I1 ... i\'{ly in ruhher {'olllpolln<ill1g to product' a Corn Oil <i(J \\;,0 called bilumen anti min- den...e, impcrviou... producl iClI' Iuhlwr 109. ,\ pale y('llo\\' {lil nbtaill('(j ('ral pitch. It i:-. a nalural depo;.;it of coating~, n()(ll'ing, ctr. It j;. a vcry floln Ihl' germ ,Ii ('om. I: i... \1_(.(1 111 hltlll11lll(lU<' mi'\lulc, either !'olid or hard, yell IIII i...h-I o-huff-colol I'd \\ a\ ruhhl'r a... Cl ,,()iICIlL'r, in relLlil: ,;! '( llll-,oli<l, readily ~oft('ncd by heat. of high ll1elting point; it INI.i11y i... (llrl rlllJlwr, ar.(~ in the lil,llllll"l, ,'l .lllt! I' uoed a~ a :'oftl'l1cr and cheap melted hdore it i~ added to the rub- oi laetice or rllhlwr -uh,litulc. / / :clJ({()Il'l'l'd Oil ( ().I/I'()(' ,\ 1J/.\ II 11(1 \ pall' ,'l'l\l)\\'-IIl-I'l'ddi",h1,"'\\11 (,il uhl,tined frolll ,cl'd~ (If 1111' ,,>lloll plant. It b U~lt1 in l'IIhlJl'r .1' :1 ...olll'nl'r. for rl'rlail11in~ old ruhIwr. anti in conjunctiun with re~in~ to pllJtillcr lark. CUl1Iar 111. :\ ~ynthclic rc~in cun~i'ling 1)1' polymer:, of coumarone, indl'lw. anti h()molog()lI~ c()mpo\lnd~, 11 can 1,(> ohlatn('d in sCVl'ral ~tate~. varying I rOIl1 a liquid 10 hard. high-melting 1("Ill', The color val'il'~ frol11 lightiJuff to IJrtIWIl, It i... t1~l'<1 quilr C~ I('Ii'Jwly in variuu~ rubber COl11Jl"lIntl~ ~uch a~ tho~e for !'o!e.;, 11001'Inc:, friction lapc~ and C(,I11l'nt~. ( lIll1ar i... al"o u...('(1 in acid-rl'~i...ting and alkali-\'!",isting ~Iock:;. It i... non- lo\ic. I)egras 112. \bo knowll Cl'" l'od oil and \\",,1 gl,a~('. 11 i, a t1al'k-hl'o\\n ,:1'\.:\". 0l,Iail1l'1I frum tIll' \\'a~hing, of 'lllCp... \\001. It is 11'..1'" a~ 11 :-ofll'l1l'r dlHI lor a)ding in Ihl' proce~~ing of la\\ rubher. ~uLh as in calendering .l11d ('\lllIding. It b non-to:\ic. F.I(lill:, Ulack 11:; ,\ hlack gUI11my cake l'l'"'1'llIhlillg ruhber hut l'a~ily di~intc ~rdll'd by cru~hing. 11 i~ maclc by \ u!rani/'ing wgelabll' oib "ilh ~ul ph III and adding mineral rubber. l\1.lrk lactice i~ :1ddl'd directly to the I uhher on the mill and i~ t1~ed a~ a ""il itllt'r. It ha.. tlw pl'Oprrt~' of ah,ol'hing other liller~ and lhu~ bulking up thr rubber. It is abo w'e<i im prodllcin).,: a ~mout h fini'h on r.tlcneJt.r('1I and (':\1 ruded g()ocl~. There i... 110 health hazard in the u!-c of iacl iu' 1:.llIin, Brown 1].1 .\l~o rallt,tll)I'(t\\'n !-II Ii:-. I il 1111'. II i, a \lIkanizt'c\ nil INlall~' made i"'1' ,,1111 "I' "IIl'll.lr llil I11 Iw.lfill~: : 1 I' L\~'" 'nl)\.:l ....... tl. ill lilt' prppel '~l':!t' It , " ,i,'r'...-\)")\\ 11 1.'.\;"<'. <'.l~ily rrtllnhkll. " .. , \ ;:-\'. '. : .. , :.\ h"' thl'l rt~:)bl"r \..)n ',:1(' lLI:'1 It \.. u ...l,d l\'" ..1 :--dlt f,lIing IlldtL'II,ll in Ilwulded ;c:()o,]" dl'uggi,t,;' "'lll1dne', proufmg and Iubing. F.IClicc, \"'hite 11 S. ,\ "hilc granular powdl'r piepdl'l'll hy vulcanizing \'cgctable oi1~ wilh :-ulphul' chloride. 1\'II)(,~lld ill ~()ya lll'an oil~ ;\1 (. ofl t 11 11',('" for making "hil" faclic(. Th(' facliec is at\(Itd din'llly to till' nthhl'l' halch on Ih(' mill. It i.; u...('c\ in dl'uggisl~' ~undrie~, IlIbing. ('\1 rudl'd arl ic1r~, roll.;, pad, and mouldl'd artir1t'~. It giVl'-; a :-111001 h. velvety i'lIlb,h and facilitate" raic-ndl'l il1;~ tubing and 01 her procc!i~ing operation~. There is no hazard a;;idl' from that of dust. Gihonitc 11fJ. :\ very purl' natural hilumel1 fOllnd in Ill<' Fnil/d State..; ol1ly. It b a blark ll1a~" breaking wi I h conchoidal fractur!' and ~howing bl'ight 1t1~tre. It i~ u~('d in llooring... , mechanical g()()d~. coating>;. varni"he~, insulalion, ga"ket:- and (enwnl~. Glucme 117. .\ thick, viscou!', ~yru)ly liquid made Irom (orn. lt i.; u~('d in a f(w rIIhlll'r {'omplHl!1(]:.. it n d n'menls, and for lall'~ lOl11pounding. Glue amI Gelatin 118. .\ nitrogcnolb rollllid,!l :-llh- r :;tancc of the protein c1a:-...; ,vhich j..; llerivcd I () In animal 1'01111('( t ivr li~~ul''; an(\ hones ohtained from slaughler hOll~e and tannery \\'a~ll'. It com(':; in ..hl'\'t;-;, chip~ or ground granule;.;, u~lI<1l1y of a lighl-amlll'r mlor, and alway.; conlain:; ~om(' waler. It b addrd directly to thp ruhhrr nn I he mill or dbpt'r~ed in WaleI'. Glue i:- u~ed in ruhlw\' a:- a reinforcing ingredient of lo\\' gravity. 1t gives :-trl'11glh, ~Iirrne..." and good procl'~;.;ing qualitip:;. It i:- u,,,d in tubing, roller;;, roaling~ and lale''\ compounrling. Guayule 11 (). .\ rc~in()\I" Tuhlll'r nat iV!' to :\[exico and '0\11111'1'11 United Slate", having ahoul 1\\l'l1ly-flvc }ll'\' ('('nl of I'I'"il1. I t i~ ""I'd 1;11 gdy fflr ~(l1 t l't1blwr" ~u(h :b fri( lion ~t()e k~, H('- in'~ flf ,I ',oil I,.. illnll" 11. if Ill'" It ri,,,, I, a, ... II1"k t d 'Illd-, ,1Ilci .'Hld)1 .I11Ji'1l1l1 are oitt'n .ltItIed \0 tl1<' hanh r r\lhIwr..: to -pt'td UI) the hrl;lhin~ c\1)\\lJ time. GU11l1,ar,lya 120. (;lImkaraya type of gum ~il1lilar ~anth. It i:- 1I~(,c1 latex ~ol\ltion~ anl\ i~ I... a ha~ ...ora tf) gUIlI tlaga- for thickening non-to:\ir.. ".( 1\ J Gum rl'.l~ar.IIHh IL 1. Ilull \\ hill' 11"11l~ltlf "111 IbL,,0\' ye'l)n\\'i~h 1)()\llkr. It i, a 1'1,C:,I.Ihi" gUlll u~('d fo\' It'1I1('nl, and .1, " thicki'nc!' rot' latex ~"ll1tion". It I' non-toxic. Gutta Pcrcha 1n. ',(,Il(' (O,lglil<llcd milk juice (,f variotl~ tropic,ll t r('l':-. It come... in Yl'l1o\\'i:-h O\' grayi,h hard led Ihery ~ti('k,. It is 11-l'd wilh rubher to impart crl'lain leathery }ll'tJpertie~ and in golf Inll manufaclure and cel1lents. (/11(' large u,,<:, ha~ Iwen In Ih,' ro:llin~ ;1Ilt! imprer:naliun oi fallric for driving l)elb, clutch 1inin~~ and wire cowring;;. It i:; non-to:\ic. Hardwood Pitch 123. .\ hrown bituminou, lllHlenal con:-bting of the r('~idl\e iram tl1{' dbtillation of hard wood. It i~ 11~('r1 a;. an acrelcr<ltor actIvator. and for giving tackil1l"~ to rubber ;.1 ()C)~~ Ir i... arld!'d dirl'dly In Ihe rubIJI'1 lJil Ih(' mill. Ollly colllp<trati\'('ly ~1ll.t11 Il('n'('nlag\'~ an' lhl'd, and no lwalth haz,ml i<; involVl'c! c~ccpt that of po:-:-oil)!! :;Idn irritation;;. I fydrolcnc 1? 'I. .\ black biluminoth m,I'~ rc:<emhling a...phldt, obtained from the rc:,ic1u(' rcmaining after the d/':~trllctive c1i .. tillatio\1 of pelroleulll lJ,cc! as a fJ!l('r and ...nftcnrl' in mlll:1 thr ;,:l\llc manner as a~plliJ,ll. (Sce 'hpbalt.) 1.imccd Oil 125. :\\1 <tmher-coloreti c11') ing oti ohtai1wf\ from the :-ced~ oi the .1,1.\ plant, It is u...ed in rollcr~ and CI'I1Wnts in prrparing l'uIJIH'r ~uh~(. t\lt('s in the fOl'm of faoice h:. \'ul('.lI1izing the od with >.ulphul' ,h 'oricle. 1t is non-toxic Minc!',11 Oil" I? 6. l\ Ulllt/'OtI;. grildl" of Ill,/I( Lti oil, ranging rroll) tlw li;,dlt jl.Jl'.lI't'lIl ,,,I III pI I J ,,;,d 11111. .I. ,. 11, I! ',," : ') , l j ! , ~! ,: I_I ,j I .\ i ) -, L', .. d th\'I;-t' ar~ tr.t: h~!~t p~irdilln (J\l'" ~l nl 111\ .. (ti\" d(~(. i~ (.'f Cl: ' I)fl t~:.!: \ ,) . p TniH and (~rt: rhplfL:.. itll:-(,dw 1 :)~ ~-! ru\,lwr. TlwrL' i~ no h~,lllh ill/"I(cl, l':\('ept pll~~illl) tbat ui :-kin It nldl!()n Miw' _.11 Rubher 127. .\ term appliul to C.l: . 1: ,L',phaltic c/('[looit" buch a:; ";jb\'!ll~" I.V[)F,)T/\l,l/, S,ll-!TI' swm,:;.; NO, UU-J anu abo to blown a~phalt;-.. Blown d'phall~ 1:1ay 1)(' obtained in \'arying degree:- 01 h,lI'dne,,~ and are 1'01<1 ac- COl c1illg to their I'('"peclivc nwll in" p()inl~. They arc often called ".\ I. R," by rubher cOlnpounder:-;. ;\ Iinel'<1 I rubber i~ u~rd in man\' line" of rul,her manufaclure both' a:-; ~ clll'"p hulking filler and to aid in pror('.~~ing raw rubber. It b u:-;l'd in fricti(Jn~, ~pread ~tllJd~, (('I1W111" and Illany typ('~ of mechanical rubber good:--. Mineral ruhbel' com(':- a~ 11 ~fll id 111;\:.:. in shret metal <1\'\1111:-; or it Illay bl' obtained in a granular iorm. I t i~ added dirccLly 10 th(' rubhrr on 1111' Ill:i; Then' i~ no health hazard ~ ' ... ' , " l.-" \_ , \. c('rc~in which i~ prepare'cl irom o7.okcrite.) Thel'(, i:: no health haz,ml. Palm Oil 132. An orange-yellow fatty oil or grea~c of hilt 11'1' CI~n'oi:-;kl1cv. It i~ obtained from 1he fruit of ;; tl'opiral pa.ll11. Jt con~bt~ chi!'lly of palmitic awl and th!' 1!lyrrride~ of p,llmitir, olt'ic and slearic acid". It i:- 1I"C'c1 in rubher to <lid proecs~ing, ("pecia'lv for pror1tlcin~ a "mooth fini~h ()~ ralendrrcd and extrudcd !-(()()cb. ;\l:--n u~ed to reduce the tack in vcrv ~tirkv (,()llIpIJ\lIHI~. Th('re is no' hcallh hazard in its ust', ParafJ;n Od .. i" usually a<lfhl direclly to lhe rub, hrr hatch on the mill - Pine Tar Oil 137, A retidbh'\)l'II\\,11 \lil\' "uiJ:-tal1(e ohtained iroll1 the <lest-I'm Iil'l" di:--tillalion (JI pine wood. [t i:; a lightcr di~tllldte than pine tar. It ha!' a ~trol1g tarrv oclnr and la~k. The material i~ o(;mell'hat Lo:\ic and "Iwulrl he handled carl'fulh. IL j, lhC(~ for l he :-ame purposl'~ a~ pint' tar In rubber, but the lighler oil j~ preferaIJle for certain cOI11jluun<1:.. Rapesccd Oil l.~~. \ t1.1rk-hrOl\ 11-\(,-').! 1c-\ ('ll, ,11 rru~hing, and the IdH'ration 01 h~ tiro ~~('n ~\llphid(' wbich ~h()\lld be removed by adequate ventilation. l\1ontan \X'ax 1ZS. :\ mineral \\'a:\ e:\t mcted 11'0111 lil!nitl'~' In lhe crudr ;.tatl' it i" dark brown. When refmcr!, it i~ n \\ hill' "(,Illi-"oit \l'a,. '1'111' nude wax i" u:,('d for ;.oling, ilooring, :.pecial qm h.:-, in;.ulating compound" and l''\t ruch'd ~tock~. '1'hi" \\ a" impart.; C"( ('lIent pr()cr~:.ing (jualitie" without IIll' ~olll'llin~ dfen n';.ulting from the u~e of o.;o[ter ",axes ~uch a~ paraflin. :\ 0 h,\zarcl in ib u~c. Naphthalene Ill). \\,hill' cr,,;.ta1line flakv com poul1d, 1I,,!'d to ~ limit('d extent in certain rubher gO()<1~ as an mlorant and proce:,;.ing aid. The materi,t1 ha" a camphor odor charactrrbtic of mot h ball!'. It may conlain, as impuril ies, coal-tar pmducts \l'hlch arc ~lighlly to:\ic. However, >-llch small qllantltJ('~ ar(' lI"c<l in rubb('r comIV)ll1ldl11g that the hralth hazard i~ ~lighl. Oil Sub\titlltcs BO. (Sce faelice.) Olllkcl ilc 1.) 1. .\ mineral f(J~<;il \I a'I: Ol'Cllrring natiw, and Yl'Il()lI'i~h-hr(l\\'n-tl) hl",I, 0' rr('('lI in color. 1T~e(l as it rubber fdler and :'0 [1(,l1pr. e"pl'cidtty in ,urh good" a<; l'Itctricill in~\llati(JI1", friclion:., eXlruded and l11l'chanical qock~. l:~ua\1y acl(led dil'l'ctly to the ful)hpr (111 the mill, either a~ broken lump~ or in molten state. (Sec ah.o 1',11,11111\ \V,,, 1.H. ;\ white, tran"lucl'nt, wa\y, ta~telcss and o<1or1e:-:-; :-olid oht ained from pctrokul11, 1t con:-isl:; of a mi,tu1"(' of hydrocarhon..; chietly of the methane '-e\'i('~. It vari('~ in rolor from lh(' light-Yl'llow cruck \0 ,I hard white refll1c(l WiI"_ Wax i~ IN'd in ruhher CI~ a sof\cnc'l', iI'i an aid to proce,,!'ing, as an anti~cor('h mate rial, an(l no., an ant i-oxidl'nl and lighl re~istor. 11 i<; al:-;o use(] for rrndering rubher less pl'l'l1wahll' 10 \\'a t('r ~ol\l' I ions, Petrolatum 13S. Also called va'clin(' and minrral fat. A Iight.yel1o\l'-\o-amlwr colmed, oily, semi-soli(l l11all'l'ial (on~i!'lin~ rhietly ,If hydrocarhon, of lhe methane and olefme ~erie;-.. It i, oh tained hy c1i"tillation of the "till rt':..iclues obtainc(\ in steam di"tillation of parafrm ba"e petroleum. It i~ u"ecJ in ruhber Cl" a ~(lftencr, in n'cl.lil11in~~ old ruhher, a~ an anti"corch material for active acr['\('rato1'-;, and to aid in ~month Calel1(kring and ('\tfurling operalion~. There b no h (' a 1 I h hazard. Pine Tar UfJ. i\ very vi~dd, blacki,h hrown liquid wil h a 1bill ilt I1'1 i"t ir odnl' nnd ta~l(~. It io., oht,ti.wd from the r\e<.tructive di:-.lillatic,n of pin!' wood. It b 1I~('c1 in rllhh('r g()lld~ a<.. i\ ~Ilftcn('r, tack producer, c1i"jl('r,in:~ a~('nt, and [\('cl'l(lralor flll' "} I1tl1('1 itruhher. It rlnd~ a large t1",. in tread stocks, frirli()n", tapl', HTl.lill1ing ()j ruhher and (l'n1t'nh. It c()nlain~ phenolic hllcli!''', hut a~ lI'I'd in ruh, ber it :-;hould not be haz.trdllu~. It making taLlII, ur ,,(>-l:llil'd IUUlJlI "uh~titllte. (Sce factice.) Rosin 139. (Set.: culuphony.) R()~in Oil 140. ,\n <lll1berco!urerl oily liquid, \\ ith a pll';t'ant oc\ur blll ,\ ;;lron~, prculiar ta~te. It i~ obtained by fractional di~Lillali()n ()f I'u"in. It i~ u<;cd for producing tack in rllil1J~'r at1ll1'~iv('~, tape", mech:llIic,lh, ami 111 reclaiming I'uhber. THere 1:-. nu health hazard. Shellac 141. :\ re"innu:-. l',udal ion I r(lm the t\\'i~" of a ~pecies of E~"t IIHli:1I1 trcc; it j, cau"ed to l':\udc Ill' tIll' hill' of an in:-ect. It i" oblain'l'd a, orange-to-lighl.buft' brittle l1al-e'. or <l!- a ground powder. It i" thee! ILl a limited l'xtent in rubber a~ d ~1 :rf, Ol'r and in hard ruhber to c:i\'e III Ill.\(''' and fll1i~h. It is nUJ1-Lm,ic. Sod Oil I ~2. (~l'l' tlegra'o.) Stc,\ric Acid 1'~ l. ,\ rol(jrle,,~, ucl(,r:('~' \\'.1\- like makrial handle d in hl"ll,- '11 nake~. It i~ ohtailwd ,I'<l!l, \;i'~:1gr;uk 1ll'l'f lan()l\'~ by <q1litl:,'\l,ll:O!1 or di~l illat.()n and pl'l'~,Ull' ,lIld ,cl", by hydro;';l'naticJIl ui ulcil: ,llld II i~ \1,,,,1 in 1110'[ 1;'1)1'_ 01 ruhl)l'l :.L1Jl);i, a~ a "tabili/'('/' of vulcanl/.:tllOn. a~.an ac tivatnr 1,1 n'rlain ,lc((1cr,llol'. ,111i1 a~ a di~p~r;"ling a~cnl and '-.(l!'t'Ih " It i~ UoL'r\ IIp to ,cwr.tl l.\.:r, I.' '.1 the rubher and addeci dil ec.t I:. L" ;l.. C(},l/l'OU.VIJI.\,G .If:lrRR/,IUi IS 'f'IW R(i];J;I':/~ 1.\'nUSTI.!..I'- /),IRT If III \\hich it ICddily dbpcr:-c~. raw and lini~lll'd ruhhl'r wlll'/'(' it i!' ",hite liquid 1)1' chan\( U'I i~lic ot\or, n)Il-luxic. 1l1!C(',~:lry to avoid ~ol\'{'nt artlol1 on elt-rivet! frum the dl'~trl!cti\'(' di~til I I the rublw\'. The (hal'actl'I\"lir~ of lalilln of coal. 1t b very volatile at ) Li'luieb and Ga!lcs alcohol arc "ell known: it i" not room tempera lure and ~hould never ]<I.). III I hi:, glOll]J arc included necc:,.~ary 10 ""ell h('r(' upon its n'- he allowecl to :-.tand in upen conlain- the lI~ual liquid :-olwnb and ga~e~ latiw t(l:\iriIY. \'adous type..; of pr:;. The V:! I'll 1''> arc vNy llalll1nal,le \bl,tl in rubber manufacture ",ith the Ikna\uH'!1 alcohol art' availahh'. and al1(1 wry toxic. );cl1t:ol b u'>l'c! largely "\I('l'tion o( the liquid ilccrlrralor~, all arc to\it- if takell int('rnally: Inlt for making cClnenb and aribc"ivc..; for \\ lill hare lbted uncleI' organic ae- a~ u!'oe<1 for rubber work t\wrr ,hotJ hI H~~l'mbling ruhher part~ during proc- ll'ier,ltor' in :\.S,c. pamphll'l )\0. I{ \ -- 1. and snitening oils, which arc he no hazard if not actually takm internally. ,\\1 grades of a1cu\lI,1 are e~e, of manufacture. It wa~ formcll\' lIscd in larv,(' qllantilie~ a~ a wash fl;r 11~led alJove. t1ammable. raw ruhber, heing applied by hand 1'1~. Thi~ group conlain~ some oi Illf' n)(l~t halarclou:-. chcmicab lIsed in t Iw indu'-ol ry and !-<houltl 1)(' given ,:lIl'ltJi ... tudy hy the :-.aiety en)!ineer to SI'C Ihat lhey arc properly handled. Ammor;ia 149. .\mlllOllia i~ a ('olnrll'~~ ga~, but as l1'>l1ally u'l'd it i<; di""olvcd in "'dler and known n<; ammonia W,I [('I' or ammonium hydroxidl'. Tt j.; ~olc1 ~lVahs, It "'(le, here that man v oj the tno~t ~e\'{:re poi~oning ca~l'''; I;'cre ('.\piel ('nn'd. The viljlon.. I.,prcad rapidly and ~hl)ulrl he relllOl'l'd by e':hal1~l ~y~tcm" 10 rll-crea::.e brJth I he i'lre hazard and the health har"ml. The Liquids Arctic Alill \ \\) :\rl'! ie acid i~ noL w,ed gener,lIly thruughout the ruhbrr indus\ 1\'. \\nly in ~pcci,\l part" of it. It I'. }w\'.l'\'('r. u~l'd in large quantitil'", Iql certain pt1rpll~e;;. 11 b u~ed for (".!~lIla(ing ruhlwr latex. in certain 10\(('\ preparation'>, and in :<pollge luhl){'r production. I n coagulating dlHl Lltt'\ \\ork, Iht' letnlwral\ln'~ are ill'" or normal, comparatively small pr()p()l'l!on~ on I he batch are l1'l'd, ,\Ild h.mdling b ,ill1!11(. \\'I]('n 1I~l'd :nr 'P'IIlP' ruhlwr. till' tt'l11peralllrC~ ,\It' higher. and fli ...agreeahle iUIl1('!-o .lIt' ~1\'el1 off which ...houl<l be cont\llrll't\ aW<1y hy proper \'rnlilation ,l!1<1 l':\IMu"t equipment. ,I 1\ 7 .\cclic acid i~ clear. color- Il'" liquid at ordin,uy h;\llperatur('~. 11 (01111'" in n ll11ml)('r o! rliif('rl'nl '111'1l~t h,. '''lrying I rum thl.' purt' conLt'n( rated acid, kno\\'n a:- glacial acetic aCid. down to dilution~ a:- low a~ ~;; per c{'nl. 1\ has it ~t ron).!. j1ungl'nl l,dor d1aracteri~tlc of vilwgar and is HI\ r\)\I()::-i\'l'.I'~Jll'cially in Ihehlgh I'r r(JIH{'Jltralion~. It i:- wry irritating '", halHI" ant! n.l~al !la:-:-:!gl'''' III '111.111 qU:JJ1tlllc, it i... nut lo\ic. hllt \ ,l' \' ..,h1l1l1d Ill' takl'll to k('ep it lI\lay 11,<l1l 11ll' bare ~"ilJ, and any (ul1w:- ',II')\lld 1)( l'lInlluct('d away from th!' \\ II1 kl"', on it~ amllloni,\ ('ontl'nt rJ('"i1-!n,tt('t\ llv dcgrec~ Bmml!'. TIll' \h\lal gr;Hll' u~cd i<; 2() llallllH', or a ,atllrat('(1 !iolution. It i~ a ell'ar, \\'ater-Ilk(' liq\1id with a strong, irritatin)~ odol'. fn the concentrated form it i~ ~tl'Ol\~~ly rall:'\ic and ~Il()uld lw kept ,l\\ ay IIOIll the skin. Rubbcr glove:; and nO\1-wntilatrd goggle:; ~h(luld 1)(' u~('(1 in handling it. It giVl'~ ofi pn\\'nful, p\1n~{'nt ftlnw~ when {,\P()~I'r1 tn thl' air, cau>.;ing bronchial dbonl('rs ii inhaled in rol1~idt'r"hl(' q\lanlillt'~. Thl' fumes arc lo'de. hut tI'ually do not leave any ~l'rio\l'" la"t in;.: !'ffel h. Wherc used, a good ventilating or exhaust !'y'>t<'m ~h(ltJlrI Ill' in:<1 aller\. In Ih(' l110re dilutl' fnrll1~ of alllllhmia liquid. tlw "al{'\' relain.; Ih(' ga" in !'olution. and only ~light fUI11(', all' givcn off. ('nil('\' cntain conditim), ammonia mbnl with air i..; {'\plo,iV(', 150. Dilull' ammonia b thl'd wry generally to pn',t'rVl' raw la t('x, in manufactming la\I''\ COmp01Il1r1" and throughouI the liC(uiC\ latex indu!'-try. The concentration ... here ~('Idom run higher than a few per celH. and th"ft, i~ practically \10 hazard other than ",here th(' amll10nia !'oll1tiol1s arC' PICp,lred. Ammonia i~ abo lI"l,rl in Ihl' "prl',HI-good~ indll ..try ", a nl'lItr:1liZl'r for acid I\'k<l~\'tI timing t lw v\llcanizatiol1 ll:'l'ratiol1 wlwrl' ~\Ilphur rhlori<il' cun',. arl' \I...('d. TIll' hal.'lI'll here it.:. al~o ~lJlall ,inl!' 11)0,1 of t hi' worhrs should not be al\lJ\\('<l It) hrmthe allY cOJl~ider,I\Jle quanllly of henzol vapors, nor should \Ill'\' Iil.~ permitted to get \he ~()h'el1t on -their clothing, hand", or othcr parl~ nf their hodie". The ~olvent C,iIl he ah~(Jrhed thr()lI~h the "kin a" \\ell ,;, through inhalation, producing la~tin~ ~('riOlI~ complication'. (:'l'l':-\ S.C. pamphlet No. H.P. 14, "BCllI.O;.") Benzene 152. Same ao.; henzol. ~11I~1 not he cl)nfu~cd \\ ilh 1l1'llzine, which i~ .I j1clruleul11 pmt!ucI and not a UJdl-lar product . Benzine 1S3. ,\ rli ...tillation produc irom p('trokl1l11. hCl11g a clear ~1j1\'Cnl ~iJl1J lar in prop('rtie' 10 ordinary c1cane' ' naphlha hut wry lit;hl and volatik, ,\l~o called pclrol('1I11l I'thl'J'. Lt iu~cd ,,'> a cleaning ;'lllvent ior '\I'd/)bing raw ruhber and h much ",\I'er to tN' than benzene, Irom the lu)"icity ;.tandpoint. 1101\ ('\'er. it i~ \'en' tlanllnahlc. 1t "h{}lIld be lH'd 1;1 ~afety di'pen:-('\'" (p climimlc t lw fIre hazard. l\rl'<llhing henl.inc Vd;J(lI., will c:tU"C rliZl.il1l'''~' Carbon Bi~ulphide 15L \ llear. clliorie.,. \W\'/],lIl)111,11>1(' liquid. \\'lwlI lAir,' i'- i, ,d1i1() ,t 1)(11)1"1(''''' bUI \ ht' Cl ,!li Jll ('I (I,d grad(' tbllaliy u'l'd ha, Cl ,tl'onc;, di~ ;J;~II'I',\hll' mlllr. Il i, ('\('[l'd:II:~I:' ,\!\\)\)01 cold rlllin~ ('h;lIllll('l'" an' of nl'l"~ vI,latil" at r(J()1l1 tcmpcr.lturc ... h'lVlJ)~ \'I~ \\rohol i, 1I,uaHy u,."c\ in the dl'IJallll'l'd ,lall'. 11" u,.e i~ not ,'\11'11"\'1' 111 the ruhher indn,-try, beil\~' <Ilnlint:d to rertain types of ,"lIll'IIl', .I' a nW,m..; of introducing \ \'1 lain I c... ino\l~ lI1111PllUl1ll, into ruh- bel, ,lI1d a:. a cleaning solution for ,ity Ctluil'pecl "ith <l!lcqUi\l!' \('nting ~y'll'ms. (~('l' aho l\.~.C. pamphlet :-\0. 25, ".\(id~ and Caustic.... ") Benzol 1S1. Ht'1l1.01, or henl.illl" a... it i" chemically delined. is a dear, ,,",l\er- a tbsh ]loint al minu.. 2;; de~rl'c, Cl'llligr.Hlc, I1 llIay i~nIle '-rom a 'parI: or Ilall\(' m,my fed <lW.IY. 1\ i~ \1'1')' poi"oJ)flth tll 1)I'("atl1[', (for iurthcr 1\(,\'\11, ,l~ tll it, to;", it:;, 'l'\' :-\.:-'.c. [ndu,tltal lidta' She,'\ 1)- Chem. 1, "('al!Jllll Jii,ulpi1i<iI''') ISI){,STUI.II. S.lnT!' SFRII..\:' NO. l~U-J 1,5 Carbun hi~1I1phidl' i~ u,;cd not ignite readily. It i... all C'\( 1'llPnl 11';. Ga'-.I)lint' i" \I'ed a~ a c\c,m- ""I",I' ll'llI(jving sulphur goud .. , in l'ullhl'l' blool11 on ndJ1('~i\'('~, I'ub:Ind :I' 11 dilucnt for sulphur chloride in ~olvcl1l for nlhhrr and h 11 'I'd for ('\'I11('nl;; and rl(,illl~i111! ~()lvrllt Ilo\\,- e\'er, it ha~; bcen alll1o,t rnlilely le- in!~ and ,,\\'ahhil\~ ,:,olutinn in \llt' lltan\llartml! 01 Inail)' ru\,iJl'l' art ick" in ali typt., of ruhber ccn1('nt~. ill culd rulcanization and "apor cure. placed hy carb')11 let rachlorid(, "hieh pl'eparinp; coaling a n cl "prcadll1g l)epartlJ1cnl~ u!'.inl! t his solvent ha~ projlcrties very similar In chlolo- dOIl~~h", and a~ a diluC'nt ior other ~hould Ill' adequately equipped with rll (' c:-.l ingubhcr:- and c\h,lUst :<)'s- tems. Keep ~olvenl off the hand~. form where ll:,ed in rllhbrr man\lfacturing. It :;hollld he handhl with the ~al11e carc' a<.; carbon tctralhloridf'. ,.olvenb. Glyccrine IM. .\1'0 call('d glycerol. it I' a 1Sf). Within recent years the use Coal'lar Naphtha clear, colorle'" or pale-yellow, hed\ Y, of carbon bi~ulphidl' ha~ bccn very l(JO. Rrt'lI1l'd coal-tar naphtha i... ~yl'lIpy and odork,,, liquid having a limit{'d a", in the majority of ca~('s, ic,.., dangl'rou~ materials ha\'e been ,u\)"tltuted. There are, howcver, a Cl clear, \later-white liql1id hdving a hcavy. g,h"Y odor. II i~ 1100nllllaIJle and should he kept in apprm (d di~ ~\I'('f'I t<l~,tc. It i" non-t1:ll11mabl(' :lI1d non-tc)':ic and prr~I'nt~ no hal<lld frum the health ~tanc1p()int. It i... Ic\\' place" wl)('l'c it fmtls a u~e in pl'n~rr~. TI1l'l'r i<.; abo a Cl'ud(' matf'- lI~('d in rubhC'r l11;tnufdCI\.l\'iw~ iI" ,\ luhlwr Inanufarlure, anti thl' sail't)' cn).';inecr :-hould study each ~iluati()n rial which i~ ..Ira\\' wl()1 ('d, bul thi ... grade i, not u~l'd to thl' ~allH' ('\trnl pn"t'l'val ivc coat ill~ (,1' dre;.,ing 011 fll1i~I1<'r1 rub/,!'r g(lod" to pn'\,C'1111\l\)- and ;'\'\, Ihat Ihl' material b handl('d in a ;.afe manner. a;; 1111' rl'linl'd glad('. Coal-t,ll l1:1ph tha c(ll1~i"h nl' :I mhtllrl' (If IlI'nl.(11I', hel' frolll ~ti( king tClgl'llH'1' \\ bill' in 1111' I<lW ~til[(' ,lI1d in liquid I.\k'. ClI hOIl Dioxide tolurne, :-.ylel1l' and other highr'r hOl11olng<.;. It i~ toxic, hut It," \'t"a- jil'epardtiun, \Vh('11 IN'd a... a cll.. ,,illg, it i, citlwr "wailIJed. ~i'l.\y('(, 1)1' t Si Carbon tlio:-.idc b ,Ill innt till' than IlI'l1z(ll, It j" tbI'd 10 a (Oll- painted on. . ga" U'I't! ill the l'uhlwl' ill(lustry for ~idel',lhle c\!ent ior 1'1l1)I)('1' (('tlll'IlL:, Kcro~CI1C intlal ing air hag~ and t uhes anti for rubber d(lllgh~, and a~ a cleaning \'ukanizing purpo"e". It is \loll-toxic, soh'ent. The ~al11C precautiun'-, ~hollld 1(I,). .\ C]e,l!', waleI' - \\'hile to hilt j, hi).';hly :-ufl'ocal ing since it is he takel1 a~ 1'('1' 1)('117.01. "tnl\v-co\ored, oily liquid It I, "IJ- dcvoid ()~ aCliw my~~'n anti (\oe~ not tainl'd a~ a di,.lil1ate I!'IJIll }lI'IIIJ!cum 'lIp\lorl life. It:-- danger lic~ in 1111' Ethylene Dichlol hIe and fermed to remove io\\' I~",h ,,'11- Lld that it i~, a heav), ga~ anti likely 1Ill. ,\ (0101 le".., liquid 11<lving a "t it \Ient~. I t i~ c(Jl1lparati\'('I:- "I (. to culled in "dead ]l0c"e\:-" \I here strong rhlorolnl'lll-likr !ldol'. It i~ an to \I~(" although the ~kil1 ul "1I1Il<' , - , \ ent dal ion i~ pUUl. COI1"itlerahle excclh-nt ~(Ih'('nt [or lllblH'l' and i~ worl;('r~ i, ~t.:!l~itiVl: 10 kerchCI1l' ,:(' ,-- quanlitie~ may Iw liberated through tl~c(1 for lllhlwr cCllll'nh and dough" It i.., u~ed 10 a limited e\knt in 1l,IJ- leak" or di~char).!:e from bags or vul- on account oi it:; low tire h,LI.Hl'd. It bel' manufacture, bUI very c\\Cn,i\ 1- Glnizcr:- at the conclu~ion oi vu1can- i~ toxic and in many r(':--p('rt~ acts ly ;:t~ a \\'a~h [or ruhlwr 111<Llhin( ry. iza1ion opcrat ion~. i\dequi\tc ventil- like carbon \('Irachloride. 1t :--hould rubhl'l' J'()II,,, etc. In rU~J1Jl'r '11,111\1 ation will remo\'e any danger. be handl('d in a ~il11i)ar l11al1l1<'1' 10 facturing il i", I.-t't! iur "lJtl('nll1'~ ,,:,d cal bon let 1arhloride. It" vapors are hl(J\\ing ~P()l1gl' gll()(), 1\.l'1 11 ,,'I;\' c.1I-b<m Tetr,Ilhloride very heavy. pn.:,cnb a lIre hazJrd. LJUl il I" nu! ISS. :\ light. colorle~s liquid wilh a~ hazardous ae, ga,o!illl a l'l'Cllli,u chdractl't'i~lic odor. It has Gamlillc N,\phtha ,I lo\\' b()ilill~ point and i~ wry ,"ohl- 1()2. Th(' nanw giwl1 to a "('fir~ liJIl. .\ I",IIlI: gIV(',l It I bOlh 1)(,\Jr'- tde .11 rooll1 ICIl1\lclature, giving off of ~()h'('nt t\iqillal('s dl'l'i\'('d from kUIll and co,ti-lar 'O\Wl\b. 'i'he \) i'" Iwavy \ap()!'~. The vapors arc not petrolrum and having a l'<lllg(' in of naphtha :-hl/lIlt! be '}l('lli-It" 11.11Illllal>Ie but arl' lo:-.ic. They arc ~1'I\'ity flom )0 dq.(ICI' tu <)Q rlt'!~!('(': otlH'1 \l'i~c it i, wry llli,\e,l(lin;,;. (! Ill' hl'd\'Y and ~ink tll low pans of 1111' Haul1ll'. TIlt' rangt' il'011l ,'ill dt'gi('(" pf'1 !,r,ICUlIl naphtha, ~ee !W!1;':' ", I ()Ulll. oiten collecting in corn('r~ and 10 70 lIegrl'(,:, j,; Ih(, l1~lIal r,Lnge of prtrokum ('ther. and g'I~(J!in," Ill! {llltHI} \'('nl ilatcd place.;, making a rubber ~(ll\'('nl~. Th('}, art' CI(,:II', coal-tar n.lphtha !'-ec coal-tar n.tpb- )'(\11 hal.ald to \\orker~ unle..,,. r('- water-while, (lily liq\lid~ (If clwl'ac- tha.) lllO\'('d hy proper \ ent ilation or {"\- II'risl ic nol llnpka~a 11 t olirl/. 'I'll!' h,llI~t equipmcnL Thi" ~ol\,('l"\t tinc\.., g,\solinr-; ar(' t Ill' m(}~t 1111 i\'('r.;:t1I., Petroklll1l I.lllcr ,In ('\I('n"I\'(, U'l' in rubher manulacIllril1;! (Ill accuunt of it:- ffl'edom from \\"ctl ~ol\'l'nl;; in lllhlwl 111:lIl1lial lUll', partly bl'r:lll~(, of th(,ir Inw 1'0"1. Thl'Y j() 7. (:,e(' Ilt'l1l.ine.) I'll'(' ha lard and it~ c:-.cellcnl <.;ohcnt are all to\ir :11111 llal11l11ahl!' and Solvcnr Naphth'l Plllp(')'t Il'~ lor rubber. It ha~ I'e- :-Iwultl hl' handled with can' \'ap(lr" 1(,K. (:"'>L'l' l()ai-lar ndphlild.) plarrd m:1l1Y other !'ol\'Cnb. (Sec \.~.c. IntiU!;trial Data ~hl'et ))- "h()uld lw H'm,)vrd, (;.I,',linc db- ,ol"!,, tl", n:llural ni" an,\ f,'h (lr Sulphur Chlortde Chl'l11. 25, "Carhon 'ret rachlOl ide.") tlw ~kin, ra\l'-.In~ dry ,mt\ ,h,lPPl'd 1f>9. 'I'll, .'ldlchlr,1 i<il' (// ,ulphm ~kin. Thi~ ran hI.' prcwnll'd to a 1r i" an ilmbr'r-Io-)'"llmri"h-I'! ti. I"l~. Chloroform gre.\1 ('\[('nt h~' fll"'[ co,lI in:~ Iht' i\ll11ing liquid \llt:1 \l'r~ lH'ndl.t:ln~ 1sq .\ rlcar, c()lork~", highly hand~ with a neutral gl~ ('1 ill(' "nap odor. u;'('(\ in vuh,ll1i;,in!.! r"I,L" ., \'olatilc liquid with a pecl1liar characIrri..,tir odor. It i~ toxic, but it will preparation, \Ihich 11'\,<'1:-- the g,l'(lline. 11ll' ~o-call('d cold prov'" dill: '. .. 'lir IHoCL"'...,. rI, u-.p (1::- ~\I(b i~ (1I111"ll1ld ,,7 I ('WII'OLYIJI,\'(; ,\f,IT1~/\I,II,S IX 'I Ifl; 1\.{jJ:n/~'f~ l.Yn{IS/'l~r ",INt 11 11 'I :.!cly I,) ...hl'!'!. ~pl'l'ad and dippl'd <"Il(I~ II i... ai!-o IN'd in the manu__ . Llclllll' ul rubber ~ub~tilutc!ol and oil 1.1\111,' \\'hen lI"ed for !oIhe('1 .11111 'llICdd gl)()d~, the "ulphur chloridl' 1I1dY be 'lpplicd in liquid form by di:-Irlhutor rull. 0)" the ;,(ood~ may be h\lll~ in chamher... II'lwre the ~lllphll\' dd"l id\' i~ \';'1",1 il.,ti by hlal. 'I'll\' ,ulJlhur I hloll(ic i, r\trcl1lrly arti\'t' ri1t'11lically and i.. ll'-llally dlluled with 'lime ~ol\'enl ;-uch a" carbon bi ...ulI1hlrJe Ilr benzol. In vlIlcanizing dll'l'cd ~()(ld", thl' latter are lI"lIa1\y 11ll1IH'r~('d ior a wry "hnrt time in a d,luled ..olution oi the ~'l1lphlll' chlorId!', I 70 ~l1lphur chlori<\l' i!' readily dl'l omp. "'I,d in a damp alm()~pherc .11111 "llOlIld be kept \\1'11 hottled \"hl'n nllt in u,,(' 11 i~ e:o.trcI~lcly cono:,ivc. duI' 10 lill('ralioll III hydrochloric dud 111 J>re~ell( e 01 ll1oi~1 un', I1 i~ .'\tllnll'h 11'1 italing to Ihl' l'ye~, lung'. a II cl I1111COU'" 11ll'1l1hr,lI1e~, \\'''1 k('I" ..llIlIIIII Iw proll'ctcd irom it~ IUIll,, It,:, adl'quale \'I'ntilalion and \\ .I11lt'd to k('l'P it away from their h,lIld, \ :,ul phurir Arid I 1i 1 ,\ ...trongly corro...i\'{', dt'n:-l', 1I11~ liq'lid, colorle~~ to dark hi ()\HI, d\'llI'I1I11I1:':' upon it ... jlurity. r!'(,d 101' II'lll\I\'ill'~ rlJllon lih,,!, in reciallninl! oltl ruh!JI'r, In a diluted [orm it i~ IHd :I' a coagulant for lal<'x Illi:o.lUll', It I" al~o u"t'd in attarhin,~ ruhber to metal ... and in producing 'lIlpl1l1ll.llI'd 11Ihllt'r rl':-in Pllldul'h, It (,111"(" \ ('I Y ~('\ ('n' Imrn.. and \\ ill \ holl' ,dlllll't an\' organic matter \\ .'1 kef' tI,mg ~1I1ph\ll'lc acid ...llUuld iH' JlI!III'CIl'd iroill having the mate11,11 l1y int!1 their l'ye!'> or onlo Iheir ,kill III t'WI1 tlwir r1othing, TIll' .1\'1.1 "ill 1.ljlldly 1',11 it~ \\ay through I !lIlhin:.! 10 thl' lle~h (Se!' ~.s.c. I'(lInphlel ,\ 0, l,:;, ... \(id~ and Cau~ ill"'" ffll dClaib.) lohllll 01 '1'lllul'lIl' !'hould ill' Plot('I'II'd f!'Om it-. \'''jlors and ~hould kcep il irolll th('ir hal1(k lIs \'apors arc heavy and ding to tIlt' lioo)' and in pOOlly Wilt il,ltctl (ornrr~, (Sce henl-ol ior handlinl~,) Turpentine 17" ,\l",n call1'd ...pirit~ 01 Itll'IH'lltinl', .\ ril':!I', 1I.IIlIIllahll, (olll!'I!'~~ liqllid \\ ilh a charartl'ri~tir l'O"inlike odol'. ohtained hy c\i~tillat ion irom tUl)wntille ro~in, Turpentine i~ a pOII'clflll "ol\'('nt f(lr ruhlwr and \\a~ fot'merly 11"1'11 in Illakin~ I uhlH'r rrlll('nt~. Blit ih U'!' ill ruhber work ha" Iwcollll' \'('ry limiled, and it i:-; no longer an important lartol in ruh bL'I' tllal1ufacttll'ill~, 1t i~ tn\ic and irritating tn the "kill, 1'.1'1''' and Il''''piralory org,I11", (Sct' i'\.S,c, Indu~trial Data Shcet 1)CllI'lll, 12, "Turl~cnt inc" for details,) Xylene or Xylol 174. Xyknl' i~ a riear, llllorll''''', Ilallllllahle liquid wil h a (har,lctl'l i"l ir penetrating ollot'. It i" onl' oi the ('on~titll('nt" Ill' (lIal-tal naphlha and j" ohtained flOIll tlw lalter "OIU(C hy di"ttllation, I1 i? a good "ol\'('nl 1111' ruhlwr and i... I,,(~tl in I'IlhhN (elll!'nl~, c\(l1I14Ib fOI till' "plcadill:':' tlaell', and a., a ~\\'ahhing "ollltioll in the malllliactllrc of rllhhl'l' guod", It i... to\ic, hut not to ;'0 grc.lt an (''\II'nt a, hl'n'-01 and loluene, probahly l)('c;1u;.(' it i" Ic~" vnlatilt'. 11 is a tire ha/.arrl, and the "'anl<' precalllion, ,110uld he takl'll Iwlh for fll'e and toxicity <1<; tho;.e noted iOI Iwnwl. Ga~('s 175, Ctllllp,lrali\'('ly fcl\' g,I'I'" all' 1I~l'd in luhlwr manllfaCIUI(', and in Iwarly ('\'(,1 y (,1"(' they are u~l'cI ior vulcanil.al ion in ~Oln(, fOl In Ca'(" are handkd in rl(l~ed chal1lhl'r~, COl1~l'quenlly, kakage or inarle<]uat( e\hatl.. t "y~tl'ill<; arl' Ilw lhllal I':llhl'" of trouhll' 01' di~('(llllfOll 10 the \\'1111-('1''', A1ll1110ni.1 (;.1' ("lI-.ti('~,' and ~o. C),;, "Sail' Handling of ('oIl1Jln'~"('Cl (;a<;('" ") Chlorine G.I~ 177. :\ 11<'<lvy, grceni,h'Yl'iIO\\ ;,(<I~, highly irritating and t(l\ic It i, lbCd only in !-oP!:ri,tiif,l'd induq ri('" , for itbl:tnCt', in j>rodu~illg dllorindtl cl 11l1)1)('f. I1 1111)'.1 he rigidly ('olll'lI1ed in <;uitahk challll)('I'S and kept ,1\\01)' irom \\'ol'k('l'~. It" extrcmely COl'i'O"iV(', thl'rdnr!: hazarr/ou,;, e,; ('ciall), in the pl'e,en( c oi moi;.tlll'e, (VOI' illllhl'l' d.lta on chlol'tIle Sl'(> ~ ~ (' pamphlet ~(), 71, "Safe Handling 01 Chlorin!',") I fydrogcn Chlollcic 17,1), 1\1'0 kll(lIIn it" hydrochloric acid !~i\~; i. wlorll'';'" and c\c(>('(iin~ly pun~:('nt II b hi;.!hly irrtt,lting and {((\ir. It h,t" ;1 ,trong ,tftinil;' 1(11' \\'.111'1' and "h(Juld ill' kl'/lt in Liil'l'ri <;y<;tl'I11~. I I i... 1I",'d only in ~:)"(,Iill-, i7rd inclu"tne~ where ruh],er I'; CI,n\'NlI'd into (L'I'lain I'l',inoll, producl' I I rl'C(llin',; "pl'cial handling. IlydlOgcn Sulphide 179, ,\ (olorit>;., tl.tlllll',.idl g,I', with a \'('ry "ffl'lbi\'c pd"l dlHI ,I ~\\'I,l'ti~h ta~tl'. I1 i~ l",od '1nly to .t lilllited e'\tpnt ior ~llI'cjalil.('d \\ork ill vu\r.mizaliol1 f,f ,,]ll'1'l or "11I'(','(1 g()(){j" in conjunction with (Jlhl'l" I., active g,l,e, 1t I' highly If(\ic an.1 Jlamlllahll' and IllU.;t lw h.mrill'd \I ilh great can', TIlt' g,,"d~ all' ('\po'ed in cio:-ed chamlll'l" and the ~.l:- hlO\\ 11 in and lal('r ('\I1I'II('d, ()'('I IIt'lail, on it" Il(',tlth hazard" ~('l' ~ ~ C [ndll'-lrial Data ~hl,.,t '\:(, 1() 'Ilycin,- );1'11 ~ulphide.") Sulphur Chloride 1SQ, (~(',' "llllhur chl'II'idl' Imd" liquid .... ) Wh('I'I' the ?;" j" ll'l'd il 1IIwrl'ly the liqUid "lIlphur chlond., \'ap"ril.l'd hy h(,:I1 III Ihr i101 CUI In:.: (11.llI1bl'r.. 101' \'''pot' curing (,I "hl'I'1 al,d "prc,nl good, I 'lIdll) Ill(' :~I'I"I, all' k ... lo{)III'd III I.llg, [\)11111- (11 ; 7.' ,\ culprit...:- 11.11llll1ahle liquid "ht.III1"d 1l\' fl:tclioll,t! di"tillalion lIi 'I,.I! 1.11 ot! II 1(,"l'lI1hl('" Iwnl.ine in IlIlnl ,\l1~ 111,1I1~ 01 11, plOpertie~, al1I,''II:.!h It j, le,,, \'olatile' at 1'110111 l'IllPI'ldlllrt" 1I i... an (':\cl'lknt 11Ih-- 1,,'1 '.lIl\l'nl, ,,,cd 101 luhlll'r ('('Illl'n"",, .\()u,:h... ,\l1d it' ,I c1e,tn!'oing ~olllti()n 1I i' IIl\I( ,llld ,,1111\1111 hI' Ireated in till' 17(1, i\ (olmlc"" ga" \\ith a j10\l ('l'iul , 1l!'Ill'tlating ancl irl'1t:llin'~ otior, 1I aflert... till' CYI''' and r"'jlll.1 tory ()rgan~, It i" ll"l'd for n('lllralil.ing any acid aitn ~ulJlhur (hlnri'<il' ,",Ipor CUI 1'''. I1 i~ plodllced hy h( oIt In~ conC('1I11 atI'd liquid allllllonia waler III 1111' clIrin;,( rham1>I'1 and ,'lI1ally i" (':\hall'.led hy !'ouct ion or ch;lJnl)('I". and ,I qU.\I1til~' oi ilC(UII: ,I( ,ulphllr chilli id" I" I'Vdpol",lled flll d hot platc, lirculdlioll I)('in~ CI)I~l pll"lwrl by ian I: n(re.. ,ary CI)n- ;'d 'ntt'ation, all' It-lI,lll,, ~n.,tll ,1111: tlH'rdorl' ~nirlU" hdl:d i, a'., l;cll,(1 ",ilh adeC)ll<lte \'['JlldaIIOIl Sulphur Dioxide '.11111' ilia illH'I a .. lll'nl.lli. I'lIi"lIning ,'II('CI" (',In he \'('1), ,.eIIOU~, \\'orkers lonl'd air (For full dctail .. 'I'C i\,S,c. p,\lnphlet~ i'\o. 25, ",\cid" and 1SI ,\ p"i,OIIIlI:', (01, '1'.1'-'" ~ I \\ilh a ~uff(J(.tting oldlJ!' It i, L! ,,, .,. . ISIJUS1'J\I,.JJ. ....,l! F:J'l' ..../~/\/f~S NO . .HU-] .OIlJy ill ~pccial indu~lric~ lor produc- / ,U'I\'\OII'UW(:J1jfo:NT .)11/1'1.1' COl/lit iI I" iilll,l,[, d !(I \/ fllg ~p('rial type;. of \'ulcanizl'd prod- Thil pl//llpltll'f il balcr! 1111 ,I />II/>I'I /I(,lItV ({lid lilt: J~r, (1111;', ('illl/1I ill,,' IIch, The vukanizuliull mU~l Ill' . \ dflll'" out In c1(J~t'd ch.lwh"I:-', <lilt I '- \\'urf..('r:-. ~hOllld bl' adequately pro- />I'(,.I'I'IIII'I) hl'/(I//' lite /'II/1(Jj'} SI'llilJlI 11/ I/'I' Noliol/I// Sajdy C/lllllt If hy L 1, J), I]"I//\', (1III,wl/illg I hl'//lI.If, (If 1/11' /\uhhl'l S('{ /1(1/1, ,{luL"1 ;.1"", dil'l'clioit /111 /1II1J1/J/det ,,'/11 j),illhiH,' ('([cd irom the g.l!'>. Mi/7C'((lIk((', 11 iU(llllilt, The Na/iollal /