Document jywbm2Xpj7pdX29aDNBEkr0bk

Restriction PFOA Hazard assessment of alternatives "It is not possible to assess all the alternatives for PFOA. It was therefore chosen to divide the alternatives into two groups: short- chain chemistry and fluoropolymer polymerisation processing aids. For the short- chain chemistry one alternative was assessed. For the fluoropolymer polymerisation processing aids three alternatives were assessed." Fluorotelomer-based short-chain chemistry: 6:2 FTOH: Human health risks: assessment of human related PBT properties compared to PFOA Environmental risks: degradation of 6:2 FTOH, aquatic toxicity of 6:2 FTOH and main metabolites (compared to 8:2 FTOH and PFOA) fluoropolymer polymerisation processing aids: GenX, ADONA, EEA-NH4 Human health risks: assessment of human related PBT properties compared to PFOA Environmental risks: assessment of PBT properties compared to PFOA C9-C14 PFCAs No in-depth assessment; no detailed description of the studies Fluorotelomer-based short-chain chemistry: Human health risks: comparison of toxic effects between short-chain and long-chain PFASs Environmental risks: assessment of PBT properties of short-chain PFCAs (+ enrichments in plants), aquatic toxicity of 6:2 FTOH and main metabolites No in-depth assessment; no detailed description of the studies; altogether ~ 1.5 pages PFHxA Fluorine-free alternatives: no information on hazard included, reference to following reports: UNEP (2012): Technical paper on the identification and assessment of alternatives to the use of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid in open applications. UNEP/POPS/POPRC.8/INF/17 UNEP (2015): Draft consolidated guidance on alternatives to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and its related chemicals. UNEP/POPS/POPRC.12/INF/15 Swedish Chemicals Agency (2015): Occurrence and use of highly fluorinated substances and alternatives Hazard assessment of alternatives only for selected uses: Electronic devices: hazards were mentioned but removed by ECHA due to confidentiality of the information (information received from stakeholder) Chrome plating: notified classifications Textiles: short summary and reference to Commission report (European Commission DG Environment and European Chemicals Agency (2020): The use of PFAS and fluorine-free alternatives in textiles, upholstery, carpets, leather and apparel) FCM: note for hazard of some alternatives - regrettable substitution