Document jyQjgE1BO1RNGzxJz9Y88xRm9

LEAD y Ya/ ^JL n u ms er t h k b Pliable Lead Sheathed Heating Cables Have Many Uses in Defense Industries HE important job lead is playing Tin the victory program of our nation is shown in the variety ays it is being used. All of us are familiar with lead's use in bullets, storage batteries, high-octane gaso line. in protecting the homes and fac tories of the nation in its use as paint and plumbing and many other ap plications. In addition, the trasmission of elec tric power, telephone and telegraph messages, vital to the proper conduct of Government and business is de pendent upon lead sheathed cables. Another important but not so well known use of lead sheathing is on large airplane factory. The cable was installed in the concrete floor of oiits 8.000.000 cu. ft. capacity hangar to provide comfortable working con ditions. without fumes or drafts. During average winter conditions a door temperature of 80 deg. F. is maintained. Water works operators would find this heating cable invaluable as a temporary protection against freez ing in severe winter weather on ex posed piping, valves, leaking hy drants or perhaps on tanks. Other uses for this versatile ma terial are freeing sidewalks and other surfaces from ice. soil heating One hundred, twenty feet of heating cable serves in each of these 60-jt. downspouts to eliminate the possi bility of breakage due to freezing A , heating cables, which help to prevent serious breakdowns of equipment and provide comfortable working conditions for defense workers. At a large Midwestern power com pany 33-kv transformers and switchgear are adjacent to a building on which a number of large downspouts are located. There was always the danger that these would become heavy with ice, break and fall into the transformers causing dangerous and expensive short circuits. This po tential danger has been eliminated by installing 120 ft. of heating cable in each 60-ft. downspout. Another important application of this heating cable was made by a for hotbeds, heating kennel floors, poultry-water warming, and warming valves and pipe lines that carry viscous material. The heating cable, of which over 2,000,000 ft. is in use, is manufac tured by General Electric Co., Schenectady, New York. 2-- -- Lead sheathed soil heating cable complete with thermostat assembly j Cross-section of lead sheathed heat ing cable installation in concrete ) floor of airplane factory hangar | which maintains a floor temperature of 80 deg. F. Lead I- tkZ 5694 9 *t No. 13 Early American Build ings Reflect Our Way of Life The stately First Congregational Church of Brimfield, Massachu setts, is a veteran of many generations. Ade quately protected b y pure white lead paint, this beautiful, old church has withstood the rigors of more than a hundred Sew Eng land winters > HILE we are arming once Wagain to defend our cherished liberties, it is onlv natural that the preservation of those historical land marks which serve to link us with the American wav of life as enjoyed by generations prst should assume added significance. Consequently, it is fitting that we portray in this sec ond anniversary issue- of the Port folio a cross-section of typical land marks--military, social and religious --which have withstood unscathed, largely due to the continuous protec tion of white lead paint, the severe weathering of our rugged North eastern climate through generations of peace and years of war. "The Pillars'* at New Lebanon Center, New York, is a wayside tavern which reflects the gracious living of nine teenth century America. The excellent preserva tion of this landmark, due so largely to the protection of white lead paint, belies its over one hundred years of active service > I Erected with a frame of solid oak in 1700 at what is now South Bound Brook, New Jer sey, this typical colonial dwell ing is located on the Raritan River near the old coach road to New Brunswick. Among other connections of historical interest, it served as military headquarters for Baron von Steuben during the crucial winters of 1778 and 1779 when he was assisting General Washington to organize and drill the American forces then quartered at Morristown. Be ing painted inside and out with pure white lead, it is one of the best preserved buildings of the colonial period Historic New Jersey in Pictures ---------------- THIS IS NO. 13 OF A SERIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MANY AMERICAN LANDMARKS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS OF THE COUNTRY THAT ARE PRESERVED FOR THE FUTURE WITH PURE WHITE LEAD AND OIL PAINT. MANY OF THEM HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PROTECTED WITH THIS MATERIAL ACCORDING TO AVAILABLE RECORDS. --3-- L1*25695 EH Buffalo, Sew York, Specifies Red Lead aid A Front and side views of the Ohio Street lift bridge over the Buffalo River on which all steel elements yr were primed with rust inhibitive red lead paint HE city of Buffalo. N\ Y. now out protective smoke plates; conse Tprominent in the public eye as quently, the exposed beams are sub one of the largest warplane producje ct to the full corrosive action of ing centers of the nation, has long locomotive smoke. Results of these relied on a wide variety of lead prod tests to date indicate that no other ucts for new and maintenance work paint material surpasses pure red on municipal institutions. Chief lead in rust inhibitive protection of among these products required on this understructure steel. standard city specifications are lead Charles A. Porth. Specifications pipe for water services and pure red Writer for the municipal Division of lead and white lead paint for munci- Buildings pointed out in a recent in pal buildings, bridges and other terview that the city depends on lead structures. pigments for the majority of their The Engineering Division of the painting work. Pure red lead paint Buffalo Department of Public Works is the standard specification for struc reports that pure red lead and oil tural steel. An outstanding example is the standard material specified of red lead protected steel mav be for the priming and paint mainte seen in the beatiful administration nance of steel bridge superstructures. building and extensive hangars of the In recent years numerous tests have Buffalo Municipal Airport. Com been carried out with substitute pleted in 1939 at a cost of approxi paints on the bridge understructures mately $200,000, the airport adminis which are subject to particularly rig tration building adequately upholds orous conditions. In the majority of Buffalo's distinction of being known cases, these understructures are with as a leading aircraft center. Great care was exercised in drawing up the specifications for this building; only materials of proved worth were used in its construction. Pure red lead paint protection for structural steel with its many years of proved per formance was the natural selection for this job as well as the many other municipal projects on which it has been specified. Few people ever see the city build ings' red lead protected structural steel. This, however, is not the case with the beautiful pure white lead and oil interior decoration of Buf falo's public buildings. Featured as a standard specification for wall painting, pure white lead paint is used on the great majority of all city building interiors. Noteworthy ex amples of public buildings so dec orated are the magnificent Gty Hall which was completed in 1931 at a cost of close to $7,000,000, the Fire Department Building and the Police Headquarters Building. Long asso ciation with paint and painting ma terials has proved to the city govern ment that this policy of specifying pure white lead paint has not only produced the most attractive and dur- 4-- -- LIA25696 nd nseiub- of iese ther red i of ions i of inead heir aint ruci pie be tion the amoxiinisolds own real the mly rsed lead tee] pertion ther has dldural case lead Bufured wall it is city exdecHall at a Fire o lice ISSO- maern'ing only dur- White Lead Paint for Municipal Construction able interior decoration but also has proved to be the most economical over a period of years. Archie Grant, painting inspector for the city, is in charge of maintenance work and in this capacity superintends the use of the pure lead paints specified by the Bureau of Architecture. The value of lead water services is well recognized by the Plumbing and Drainage Office of the City Division of Buildings. The municipal plumb ing code requires lead pipe to be used on all water services up to 2 in., thereby assuring Buffalo residents of a trouble-free water supply for many years to come. The various municipal divisions and bureaus thus far mentioned specify and use lead products be cause of their superior performance and because experience has shown that lead does the job with a greater degree of efficiency and reliability. To meet satisfactorily all the require ments of a city government, a prod uct must not only excel in perform ance, but it must also be readily standardized upon and purchased without difficulty. In this connection the Division of Purchases of the City of Buffalo reports that lead products with their high degree of standardiza tion are far more conveniently pur chased than many other similar ma terials. In general, paint is regarded as one of the most troublesome of materials to specify and purchase. The city of Buffalo as well as many other agencies buying large quanti ties of paint have found that the specification of pure lead paints greatly simplifies this side of pur chasing. This ease of standardization and ease of purchasing coupled with lead's ability to give better perform ance than any other material has made it a standard requirement on the great majority of Buffalo muncipal projects. The steel framework of the hangers as well as of the Administration Building at the Buffalo Airport is protected by a coating of red lead paint The interior of this Fire Department building at Court and Stoats Streets is styled with white lead paint while a priming coat of pure red lead shields the steel frame 5- - A.W.W.A. ANNUAL MEETING The American Water Works As sociation will hold a conference on Wartime Water Works Problems at the Stevens Hotel, Chicago, 111., on June 21-25, 1942. As is the usual custom at annual meetings of the A.W.W.A., manufacturers exhibits will be held in conjunction with the Conference. As the name implies, the Conference will be of vital in terest to all water works men, who cannot afford to miss it at the present time. It is expected that the exhibits, too, will be devoted to wartime problems and will be of great help to water works engineers in answering many of their pressing questions of the moment. L IA 2 5 697 Lead Selected for Flashings and Paint in Restora- T Lebanon. Conn, there is under which were removed during a re A wav the restoration of the his modeling in 1875 were preserved, so toric Meeting House which was buialtmple records existed as guides to in 1804-5-6 to the designs of Colonel the restoration. J. Frederick Kelly, John Trumbull. This beautiful old A.I.A. of New Haven. Conn., is Church was almost totally destroyed handling the architectural work in bv the hurricane of September. 1988. a scholarly and sympathetic manner but the citizens of Lebanon. led by and A. F. Peaslee Inc. of Hartford the pastor of the Church. Rev. How is the general contractor. ard C. Champe and aided by state The protection and preservation of and county committees, have already both the old and the new portions of succeeded in rebuilding the structure the building are matters oi equal im up to the base of the steeple. Addi portance with the sound and authen tional funds to complete the building tic reconstruction. Careful attention and restore the furnishings are being has been given to roofing and paint raised and the people of Lebanon ing materials. The slate roof was hope to have restored to them soon Hashed with sheet lead and all pro the house of worship they have jecting cornices and other wood de known for so many years. tails were capped with sheet lead to Fortunately, accurate measured give permanent non-staining protec drawings of the Church were made tion from rain and snow. The wood some years ago and certain details work is being preserved and given Destroyed by the hur ricane, lead Hashings and white lead paint will help to restore this stately church to its original beauty <------------- Historic Lebanon Church before the A destructive storm of September, 1938 ' the gleaming whiteness so character istic of Connecticut Churches with 100 per cent white lead paint. Through the years to come it will be a source of satisfaction to the people of Lebanon, and to all of us who are interested in preservation of histor ical and architectural landmarks, to know that the protection of the criti cal points of this Church was chosen with the greatest care and consider ation for durability as well as beauty. BUY WAR BONDS AND STAMPS Lead Pipe with "Burned" Joints Solves Service Pipe Problems EAD is one of the few materials for of "burned" joints required to put in L water service pipes now available a service. If plumbers install the in sufficient quantities to take care services, the water works can en of the water works engineer's needs. courage them to learn to do lead The solder situation may, however, "burning" for this purpose. Plum seem threatening to those who use bers in a number of cities have al lead services with wiped joints. Even ready started lead "burning" classes if wiping solder becomes unobtain and there are also quite a number of able, water works may still resort to plumbers who have been competent the use of lead "burning" or welding lead "burners" for years. to make these installations. The equipment needed for lead If water works install the lead "burning" is simple and inexpensive services with their own men, it would because of the low melting point of be wise to teach these men imme lead. Gases are freely available that diately to make the few simple kinds will do the job and the process does 6-- -- away entirely with the need for tin. Properly made lead "burned" joints will in no way reduce the quality or durability of lead service pipe instal lations. To make joints between two pieces of lead pipe no flux or tinning is necessary. To join lead pipe to brass or other fittings, the fittings should first be tinned. For this purpose one of the low-tin or tin-free solders de scribed in the March, 1942 issue of LEAD may be used. After the fitting is tinned, the lead may be joined to it by lead "burning". LIA 25698 Bridgeport, Conn., Defense Housing Project Painted Inside and Out with White Lead NDER direction of the Federal construction, these houses have, how U Works Agency a 250-family de ever. gotten away from uniformity of fense housing project is rapidly neadr esign. Of two- and four-family con ing completion in Bridgeport. Conn- struction. these units are of five basic home of .Remington Arms and many designs. In some cases brick veneer other war industries. Attractively has been used over wood framing. placed around small courts and The majority of homes, however, are along winding drives, these houses either finished in red cedar shingles achieve individuality through use of or white pine siding. Trim is all varied design and decorative white native (hurricane l white pine. lead and oil protection of both ex In discussing the project. Walter terior and interior surfaces. John Skinner, the project architect, Situated north of Bridgeport on pointed out that every effort had been the Huntington Turnpike, this project made to use quality materials which helps to house the many defense would reflect in low upkeep cost in workers in Bridgeport. Although the future. This coupled with a de these homes are close to the business sire to produce attractive homes and industrial centers, they have a made pure white lead and oil paint pleasant out-of-the-citv atmosphere the ideal specification for exterior which greatly adds to their attractive and interior paintings. Summing up ness. his experience. Mr. Skinner said. Economy and speed, of course, are "Lead and oil has been specified on keynotes in defense housing projects. my jobs for -10 years with the best Started in late August of last vear, results. I've had plenty of compli these 250-family units are now vir ments on these paint jobs and no tually complete except for landscap comebacks. Since the FWA general ing of the surrounding grounds. Laid ly specifies pure white lead and oil out for the maximum of economy in paint, we were in perfect accord on Typical examples of homes in that phase of the general specifica tions. From my experience I know that lead and oil is more durable than any other type of paint. For interior work it provides a really washable surface that can be easily kept clean. On exteriors it always leaves a good repaint surface instead of cracking and scaling or failing in some other costly manner."' Painting on this project is con tracted to Gladstone Raines of New York City. All the paint is mixed on the job from paste white lead and raw linseed oil for exterior applica tion, while, for interior decoration, either lead mixing oil or lead reduc ing oil is substituted for the raw lin seed oil to produce a flat finish. Houses receive three coats on ex teriors, each coat tinted to battleship gray for the body of the house and left pure white for trim, shutters and gable ends. Interiors are given two coats of pure white lead paint formu lated for use on wallboard. Colonel Charles H. Nichols is the project engineer. The general con tractors are A. Barbaresi & Son. Inc. and August Severio Construction Co. of Mount Vernon, N. V. 7-- -- LIA25699 Lead Supply Remains Adequate for all Essential RACTICALLY no industry today M-38-c provides for certain conserva P is completely free from control by tion measures in lead. It prohibits, government orders and regulations for instance, the use of lead in the and the lead industry is no exception. manufacture of a limited number of Being a useful metal, lead has been articles in which lead is considered classed as a critical or strategic ma non-essential by the government. terial from the start. This has mis These include such things as orna led many people into thinking that mental work, caskets and casket hard lead is extremely scarce and can not ware. toys, and foil wrappings for be had for many of its regular uses. cigarettes. The same order, however, Such is not the case, and the purpose contains another list of items in of this article is to try to clarify the which lead may be used without any present position of lead and the restriction whatsoever, and this list effect of various government orders includes such important things as on it. Only if the position is clearly- paint pigments and driers, x-ray and understood bv everyone, can lead chemical equipment, bearings and in perform to the fullest extent of its secticides. usefulness in this emergency. Between these two lists, the one The War Production Board's Order prohibitive and the other non-restric- The following articles and reprints contain information, drawings and specifications on the use of lead products helpful to architects, engineers and others in the construction industry. They are available, free of charge, upon request to the Lead Industries Association. 420 Lexington Avenue, New York City. tive, lie the vast majority of lead products, including plumbing ma terials. All these products are sub ject to a very minor restriction which permits 90 per cent as much lead to be used in them as was used in either the third or fourth quarter of 1911. Since the volume of business in that period was extremely large, it is an ticipated that the production of these products will be ample to take care of all essential 1942 requirements. From the standpoint of the lead order, therefore, it appears that lead may be used for all those essential purposes, such as paint, plumbing and flashings l these are restricted as to maximum thickness of 2Vo-lb. hard lead or 4-lb. soft leadi. for which it is normally employed. Lead should not be wasted, but can be used to help produce the best pos sible structures under present difficult conditions when so many other ma terials are practicallv out of the ques tion. Going a step further, the Division of Defense Housing Coordination is sued Emergency Plumbing Standards w hich permit the use of lead. These were discussed in detail in the March. 1942. issue of LEAD. WHAT TO EXPECT FROM WHITE LEAD PAINT An attractive 28-pace booklet with charts, formulas, and mixing instructions cover ing some of the problems of painting and how white lead meets these problems. PAINTING YOUR HOUSE by Dr. F. L. Browne, Senior Chemist, Forests Products Laboratory, Madison, Wise. A discussion of house painting reprinted from American Forests, May, 1939. BRUSH UP ON YOUR PAINTING A practical article on the selection and application of paint reprinted from House Beautiful, June, 1941. LASTING LEADWORK IN MODERN PLUMBING By T. N. Thompson, Technical Editor, Plumbing and Heating Journal. Reprinted from Plumbing and Heating Journal, Feb., 1939. STAMFORD'S DOUBLE LIFETIME HOME A complete analysis of hard lead flashing, white lead paint, lead plumbing, plywood and red cedar Certigrade shingle details and installation methods. Reprinted from the American Builder, July, 1939. SHEET LEAD INSTALLATION DE TAILS A detailed analysis of the principles and application of lead flashing and sheet lead work for small homes. Reprinted from Sheet Metal Worker, June, 1939. DONT GAMBLE WITH PAINT An instructive article on the selection of paint for farm use reprinted from the March 1942 issue of Country Gentleman** COMMERCIAL STANDARDS: Calking Lead, CS94-41 Lead Pipe, CS95-41 Lead Traps and Bends, CS96-41 Official publications by the Government Printing Office of the above Commercial Standards as promulgated by the U. S. Department of Commerce through the National Bureau of Standards, effective June 25. 1941. NEW SIMPLIFIED STANDARD FOR LEAD TRAPS AND BENDS File size leaflet with new standards for lead traps and bends as well as existing standards for lead pipe and calking lead, and other informative data. The War Production Board has also issued a new Defense Housing Critical List which makes certain ma terials eligible for priorities for both government and privately financed defense housing. Included in this list are all lead plumbing materials and flashings. In short, there is no need to de prive war-time construction of those lead products which have proved themselves to be best for their par ticular jobs. However, in using lead it should be employed with the great est economy of material. Careful planning, use of correct weights and mixing formulas, care in handling and installation or application are some of the ways in which lead mav be used, yet conserved. Conservation of manpower is equal in importance to conservation of materials. The greatest conservation of both can be accomplished by wise use of the best available materials. UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WIIX BE GLAD TO MAO. "LEAD" REGULARLY, FEES OF CHARGE. TO THOSE INTERESTED. AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUH LEAD PROBLEMS 1SS PRINTED IN V. S. A. BY PUBLISHERS PRINTING COMPANY NRW YORK CITY L IA2 5700