Document jmxqLvObRMbLo44xJvmBKVE3N

` -/ Uyanam/d iOU^> To: J. Marin Location: Azusa From: j, l. Boryszewski Location: Wayne Extension: 2074 Subject: ih SURVEY -CzUS^^ CRITERION CATALY5T'~C0. Reference: Date: August 2, 1988 Copy to: j. Caporossi - NA A. W. Delgado - AZ A. Sze - NA N. Yin - NA PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT ACC-19 An industrial hygiene survey was conducted at Azusa on May 10-12, 1988. During that time a total of 17 noise samples and 27 chemical exposures samples were taken. The results, listed below on Tables 2-7, show all chemical exposures well below the Permissible Exposure Limits. Exposure to noise, listed on Table 1, ranged from 79.9 to 89.6 dBA. IH Monitorine Area sampling was conducted for ammonia, asbestos, nuisance dust, nickel, molybdenum, aluminum, penicillin, hydrogen sulfide and chlortetracycline. Detailed results are found in the attached tables. Chemical Area Result PEL f8-hr.') Ammonia Nuisance Dust Nickel Molybdenum Aluminum Penicillin Hydrogen Sulfide Chlortetracycline Asbestos <0.85 ppm - 2.79 ppm 0.25 mg/M3 - 0.52 mg/M3 <0.001 mg/M3 - 0.034 mg/M3 <0.0004 mg/M3 - 0.001 mg/M3 0.006 mg/M3 - 0.056 mg/M3 0.202 mg/M3 <0.017 ppm <0.445 mg/M3 <0.001 f/cc - 0.004 f/cc 25 ppm 10 mg/M3 1 mg/M3 5 mg/M3 10 mg/M3 No PEL 10 ppm 5 mg/M3 0.2 f/cc Personal sampling was conducted for ammonia, nuisance dusts, nickel molybdenum, aluminum, penicillin, and chlortetracycline. Chemical Ammonia Nuisance Dusts Nickel Molybdenum Aluminum Penicillin Chlortetracycline Result 8.31 ppm <0.13 mg/M3 -0.69 mg/M3 <0.0008 mg/M3 - 2.76 mg/M3* 0.0008 mg/M3 - 0.024 mg/M3 0.016 mg/M3 - 0.107 mg/M3 0.111 mg/M3 <0.427 mg/M3 PEL (8--hr.) 25 ppm 10 mg/M3 1 mg/M3 5 mg/M3 10 mg/M3 No PEL 5 mg/M3 * Exceeded 8-hr. limit. 0146 NA 839-03 REV. 7-85 7-85 2 IH Monitoring: Recommendations The Solutions Operator's exposure to nickel exceed the 8-hr. PEL. Additional monitoring is required for this job to assure that this exposure is not the norm. Two 8-hr. personal samples are necessary, at least 7 days apart to establish the exposure level. If both samples are below the PEL, then no further sampling is required. If these results are not below the PEL, then engineering controls, to control exposure, are recommended. Noise Monitoring - Hearing Conservation Program Sound level readings were high throughout the work area. Exceptions to this were the Solution Operator (avg. 81.3 dBA) and Mechanic or Supv. (80 dBA). Higher readings of 84.6 to 89.6 dBA were found in the kiln and extrudating areas. Noise Monitoring: Recommendations . Evaluate the feasibility of engineering controls to reduce noise levels in the muller, kiln, impregnator and extrudating areas. . Install or replace sound deadening material in the packaging and finish products area. . Repair or replace "whining" belts or motors in the packaging and finish products area. . Remonitor the affected personnel after installation of engineering controls and/or sound deadening material.. If the employee's average exposures are at or about 85 dBA but below 90 dBA the following are required to comply with the OSHA noise standard: . Provide hearing protection. Use is optional unless significant threshold shifts are determined. . Provide annual employee training wnich includes the effect of noise on hearing. This also includes training on the selection, fit, use and care of protectors, and the purpose, procedure of audiometric testing. . Provide annual audiometric testing. . Retain records of monitoring for two years. Audiograms should be retained for the duration of affected employee's employment. I am enclosing a copy of an article from the June 22, 1988 "Occupational Health & Safety Letter regarding welding fumes. According to a new NIOSH criteria document, the risk of lung cancer for worker who weld on stainless steel appears to be associated' with exposure to fumes that contain nickel and chromium. NIOSH recommends that exposure be reduced to the lowest feasible levels through engineering controls and work practices. The current PEL for 0147 -3- welding fumes is 5 mg/M^. In reviewing our plant files, I have found very little sampling information on welding fumes. If your plant is affected, please monitor for these fumes by October 15th. CEMIS I met with your personnel, payroll and production departments regarding updates to CEMIS. The plant is up-to-date on all CEMIS matters. Thank you for the time you spent with me during my visit. If you need any equipment or have any questions, please don't hesitate to call. JLB:hm 0513g/4644J Attachments J. L. Boryszewski 0148 ^WELDING^^ UNDER-REPORTED CAUSE OF WORKSITE CANCER: 0149 Emissions of fumes and gases from welding represent one of the most under publicized occupational health hazards, including a 40 percent increased risk of cancer, according to a new NIOSH criteria document. The risk of lung cancer for workers who weld on stainless steel appears to be associated with exposure to f.umes that contain nickel and chromium, NIOSH said. The association has apparently not escaped the attention of workers and lawyers who represent them. A growing number of lawsuits have been filed against the manufacturers of the welding rods, not against their own employers. In its criteria document, NIOSH said it could not recommend a numerical exposure limit for.total welding emissions because the composition of welding fumes and gases varies for different welding processes and because the various components of an' emission may interact to produce adverse health effects. Instead, NIOSH reconmended that exposures to all welding emissions be reduced to the lowest feasible concentrations using state-of-the-art engineering controls and work practices. Exposure limits for individual chemical or physical agents are to be .considered upper boundaries of exposure. "A large body of evidence from regional occupational mortality data, case control studies and cohort studies indicates that welders generally have a 40 percent increase in relative risk of developing lung cancer as a result of their work experiences," Dr- J. Donald Millar, NIOSH Director, said in the foreword. "The basis of this excess risk is difficult to determine given uncertainties about smoking habits, possible interactions among the various components of welding emissions, and possible exposures to other occupational carcinogens such as asbestos. "The severity and prevalence of other respiratory conditions such as chronic bronchitis, pneumonia and decrements in pulmonary function are not well characterized among welders, but these effects have been observed in both smoking and nonsmoking workers in this occupation. "Excesses in morbidity and mortality among welders appear to exist even when exposures have been reported to be below current OSHA permissible exposure limits for the many individual components of welding emissions." Metal fume fever and pneumonitis are the most common acute respiratory diseases associated with welding as a result of short-term exposures to high concentrations of fumes and gases, according to the criteria document. Chronic respiratory diseases such as cancer, pneumoconiosis and bronchitis have been observed among welders exposed to welding fumes and gases, and perhaps asbestos, in some instances over long periods, NIOSH said, adding: "Other health effects and injuries reported include cardiovascular and gastroin testinal diseases, skin sensitization, hearing loss and eye and musculoskeletal injury. Some evidence indicates a possible relationship between adverse reproductive outcomes and exposure to welding fumes. Because of the diversity of welding tech niques, processes and materials used, most of these studies lack sufficient informa tion to- associate a specific chemical or physical agent with a particular health effect." It quotes estimates of 700,000 workers directly engaged in welding, but othersindicate the total of welders and nearby workers with potential exposure to be closer to 2.5 million. In one major study, Dr. Kaye Kilburn and colleagues from the Environmental Sciences Lab, University of Southern California School of Medicine, studied 148 white male welders from a shipyard in the Los Angeles harbor. Through questionnaires and spirometric examinations, their condition was compared with Michigan men. They found that ship construction welders had more chronic bronchitis, wheezing and chest heaviness or pain than did the comparison group. Furthermore, the usual smoking related increase in frequency of symptoms was absent. "Welders had nose, throat and chest irritation, wheezing, fever, thirst, fatigue, muscle aches and a metallic taste," they reported. "Such symptoms of 'metal fume fever* occurred in over 35 percent of welders and were highest (50 percent) in nonsmoking welders of aluminum. The major finding is a reduction of 20 percent in FVC and FEV-j current cigarette smokers. The finding of less than half as much reduction in nonsmokers suggests synergism with exposure to welding fumes with cigarette smoke and with ambient air pollution that adversely affects lung function. 'ti. . c* ,, r* _ i 9 tu rr... n . <_ < r* ui, ^ ti t c -- c i-,. .i CEMIS # : AUOOOOO-Ol-OO PEL = 90 dBA ( 8 - H r . TWA) P ro c e s s : HDN-60 //1-93652180-000 *<0U XJ CQ 03 o03 m xo o X xo o X O 25 WX <C < X in in * O nr eg P XJ 20 1 t-H 00 rH 00 m ON oo 00 P'j 00 CO 0w) o pi ^ Q O CQOJ 03 X5 In sO rH <* * cn 03 X P WH W cd o on o cn o rH in ON On CM Oo CQ X TJ wX ^ 0C3O XrHJ o o 0X a o 0) 03 T3 U CM * in Om 0) X p 03 H 03 cd mi* CM cn CM so so cn r*. cm CM O CQ 03 04 xj XX wO 00 0) 6 rPH H so in cn e' en NO 'cr OONN cn cn po". cn Exceeded 0SHA A c tio n L e v e l o f 85 dBA. N oise S am pling C rite rio n C a ta ly s t Company Azusa, C a lifo rn ia May 1 0 -1 2 , 1988 00 CO \ o rH \ m 00 oo \ o rH \ in 00 00 00 00 \\ o rH o rH \\ m in 00 co \ o rH s in x0s) tt Ooh P o X cn4 \cn4 CD cd X 1rH"- cn raH 0p3 nrH3 o vinO1 rNHO1 in CCMM o CoM JO o <Pd Xo0) S 4-3* cn rH r0H0 C4 *-) rPH 4-1 iH S3 cn cn )X-H cd S P D rcHn NOO oSOo1 1 rH rH OO O c*u O O 03 ri0HH0 X4-3 H s o nin- X O "OHP 4J Sfe cn "te *"> rPH *XtH o cn cn XHH o c/3 p [=3 o 83 MO < 03 X -u UoX OoUi X O OO p <H 0(cH3d C0kd)i <: in cn fH03 > CO> O0*N4 rH O > a* P cn XJ <4-1 cn as X c5 PQ cn m cn D * 0150 R esults o f: CEMIS # : AUOOOOO-Ol-OO PEL = 90 dBA ( 8 - H r . TWA) P ro c e s s : HDN-60 #1-93652180-000 QJ TJ CO O01l o <v >H wX < g c (-1 XT3I I 00 * 'T O' CO 0) oi M o ci x: a o cn <U| <u -o u ai d 3 01 H M (0 o m xi a *o wX o o'! 00 O' 01 o 01 _ _ o c x: 0 o 0011 r<-n E xceeded OSHA A c t io n L e v e l o f 85 dBA. N oise S am pling C rite rio n C a ta ly s t Company Azusa, C a lifo rn ia May 1 0 -1 2 , 1988 00 00 N H iH S. in 00 00 \ h 00 CO s H 00 oo N rH t--i H H s m s m N m oo 00 s. rH 'r-xf in /-s ci o d o s fi C/3 00 4>N oo 1 O O H CO pH H VO > in X> 00 ^ 0) o "3 <D i~t 4J % O* iH C/3 as a d 04 C/3 IH C C/3 CU 3 Ch Q< <0 0) < 60 H 60 dS .54 U >H Cm &4 <5 03 0) H <; as CO u 00 o r* <n pH CM 1 *H 00 <r O ns ON o iH 00 tH |o pH in rO a o H 0) o pH a: c U iH rH H H 00 K H Cm Of oo w D v_-p vo m Ov CM CM 1O r- OO rH 00 O 00 1o Ov rH r>. 04 m xi o o *"3 u CO S3 X co CO w W 3 * 0151 R esults o f: R esults o f: N oise S am pling C rite rio n C a ta ly s t Company Azusa, C a lifo m ia May 10-12, 1988 CEMIS # : AUOOOOO-Ol-OO PEL = 90 dBA ( 8 - H r . TWA) P ro c e s s : HDN-60 <au T3 CQ <<Uu XJ a wX C0Q) X o Z o S5 O O O 1 0o0 CM in X> co Ov rH %- X3 V rH CO o o d C Q o CO a; <D TJ k 0) x: d CO H CO id o cQ X3 04 T3 X wO O' * vO o\ CO 0) XJ 0) O c3 ^ O O CO 0) HI TJ u ( XJ S3 CO H CO (d O CQ CO Ot *d XX w ooo r^ * 00 v aH *tcH ha Ov CM Vf * in ov O' vO 00 co <r o co in Ov vO <f vO oo m co <r <u u 00 N00 Qid CM in 00 00 CO 00 s s. CM CM in m cu O a Ov in in co U on co oo O cm o oo I rH Ov <4H X in CM l rH o r* 00 CM cn l CM z <r o rH d vO O rH 00 O Jp rH <d Ov o *00 H CM O 00 O O 00 CO cn \ QJ a lo rH d u rH H *H H 1O rH CO rH *iH VO Q< > m *Q O a) O *-) * 4-> Oi *iH l M 0) rH X5 rH co s p in X* % in O .u 0 dV stte H H id z co x H d CH -i CO M X V-/ CO X a d CA co l-H HH S3 CO X id d Q co hH S x 0152 E xceeded OSHA A c t io n L e v e l o f 85 dBA. R e s u lts o f : Ammonia S a m p lin g C rite rio n C a ta lyst Co. May 1 0 -1 2 , 1988 ' CAS //: 7 6 6 4 -4 1 -7 0 PEL = 25 ppm (8-H R TWA) 35 ppm (1 5 -m in . STEL) O OO I o 00 CM O in vO vO I co Q23 <2Iv X f-l CO C0O) CJ ou CU a 5D H <D 14 X U WP oIo ao wx CM 00 in o v CO AJ *-' fcn-oi ooe 0) 'w vO <r oo o V rH CO 00 on vO Ov oo vO uo CM ON CM r-* vO m ov VO VO CM 0) tB-4 CH HB O co cn to << <r 00 00 OO oo \\ o CM f-4 sS in in oo oo s CM tH S m OJ ccoo e<9 \x* XO C_3 U rH rH Q) PX s 04 PQ Ho t0-)i < vO in Ov CM 1 CM OO 00 O 1o Orsv O to Oi Xo 3o >0 4-> co X X co CO w w CO f-< 0) P E cu >> CQ 0) < 3 (0 cH CQ QJ r-4 Oo co CO CM co CO i--i co co 0153 R e s u lts o f: P e n ic illin Sam pling ' C rite rio n C a ta ly s t Co. May 10-12,1988 Process: AFI 2-36700000-000 CAS//: 1 4 0 6 -0 5 -9 0 3? ^ H oo 2 U 01 asi 00 40-) m/--> -3H -S QCOJ 01 OS co co o o vO o CN OCN O <v >o 44->) cd o >o >u* H in in Oa\ cn 4) a3 *ri HS O vr 0J 00 00 U Qcd in CVJ in oo m o *3* in o 00 CO 00 00 m 00 <U oo Es Cd 43 So "0 vO *d* <N vO o 1m <d cn o cS <r o <ud OIv o C tn . H in 43 o, 3 O' O *-} o tH CO ns Cu < CO h-< c o Q< * <d 4) < as H CO <u DO E<d in co mm JB/hra 5/4368J 0155 R e s u lts o f: Hydrogen S u lfid e S am pling C rite rio n C a ta lyst Co. May 1 0 -1 2 , 1988 CAS: PEL: 7783-06-4 10 ppm ( 8 - H r . TWA) 15 ppm (1 5 -m in . STEL) 50 ppm ( C e ilin g ) O H 4) XuI 00 p CO oo wX <r o v CQ U h e PQ co a o 4) AflJj Cd > ou O rH Cm o Cl Om--( 4) S CJ ha Cl H 0) CO 00 JJ N QCO 00 I--I stn CO 4)j ^CO (3 .Q z o-3 Ui <U JP p(-1 o CO c0ud) <5 <u DacHa o vO co J B /h m 5/4368J 0156 R esults o f: C h lo rte tra c y c lin e Sam pling C rite rio n C a ta ly s t Company Azusa, C a lifo rn ia May 1 0 -1 2 , 1988 CAS # : 5 7 -6 2 -5 PEL = 5 m g/m3 ( 8 - H r . TWA) PROCESS = A F I 2-36700000-000 cSn E U ai CO uco ar--( co a r-* CM <r o V uCO HCO 3E CO ' CO ou o O <J v'TO 00 CO CM o CO vO in c N 1o XX to CM o 00 5 O do n tO i o AJ O' to a d in cu M-t in Xx Q, d oO -< G FJ H do U. *rH d xj lo CO < oo oo <4-4 <*H CM rH oo II J w Pu CQ xj ir H / P wc gg GS *v <4H Vw <r o o o r--f O rH > v-- o in in in <r o o o in o rH VO o o * *W o rH 0) Cm | H fi <D cd 1-4 oo u o o >H H U *H i-H > d <3 CM O O i--i H 1 M ~O lU flj r| 4J CO H P > M N (0 O<E oo oo Gs 4J o a) rH QN m 00 oo s o rH s in 00 00 N O rH S in u Gu * rH o cS CTJ *h <0 o G G O GQ U 1-i CO 03 <- <fr < 0) y >% o C 4J U u (h < XJ iH >> XJ W fH 0) rH rH H *H tH ^ rH 4J H 3 rH rH XJ iH CO A3! a3 xj o jj o <r AJ nj rH D CQ D W% OW CQ G rH Q O- CM C/3 rH CM CM <n CM CM 0158 JLBrhra 0513g/4644J V ( 0145