Document jmnovRKR5rKypJGOd8kD2JyYQ

S69omaodoons ./! v flS bF INDUSTRIAL HBali .ly dep*~t a great deal on the alar as well as on the tor the nurse. It is no reft^ . particularly, but not all people , physicians, can take tension witfci a satisfactory way. However, I fc, vbere a nurse has been taught to t ind does an excellent job under jpermion of a physician, question is, "Can Plano goggles : jn of the eyes, specifically conju that you are speaking of the ito goggles, such as would meet the American Standards ... categorically not they could not irritation or any other kind of ir eyes. You can answer that q illy when it is put to you by say aiety glasses that meet the st rrican Standards Association are__ : optically than the safety windshield] es and trucks. Yet you never hear o< ' loping allergies of the eyelids or of ! ties when they spend 9 or 10 hoto*: eir vacation driving their automobile*' through the windshield ail that time. tent by Dr. Edmund B. Spaeth 0 tha* "-st question of Dr. Foote's, I` left .ce that was given to us u t .rst as to the advisability of tg tension. It was in reference to ow urveys there. We were advised that it nwise to permit a nurse to take tension . : circumstances, r shows the delightful inconsistency of rot'essipn. We were advised relative to 01 tension in the hospitals that a mint ion is no different from a nurse doing ic or a diagnostic or a routine procedure king a blood pressure reading with a inometer. So I have added to Dr, jbt. Threshold Limit Values for 1957 Adopted at the 19th Annual Meeting of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists St. Louis, April 20-23, 1957 ' Values are given in the following tabulation for the maximum average atmos pheric concentration of contaminants to which workers may be exposed for an eight-hour working day without injury to health. These values are based on the best available information from industrial ex perience, from experimental studies, and, when possible, from a combination of the two. They are not fixed values but are reviewed annually by the Committee on Threshold Limits for changes, revisions, or additions as further information becomes available. Threshold limits should be used as guides in the control of health hazards and should not be regarded as fine lines between safe and dangerous concentrations. They represent only conditions under which it is felt that workers may be repeatedly exposed, clay after day, without adverse effect on their health. The figures listed refer to weighted average concentrations of an eight-hour work ing shift rather than a maximum which is not to be exceeded even momentarily. The amount by which these figures may be exceeded for short periods during the workday depends upon a number of factors, such as the nature of the contaminant, whether very high concentrations even for short periods produce acute poisoning, whether the results are cumulative, the frequency with which high values occur and for what periods of time. All must be taken into consideration in arriving at a decision as to whether a hazardous situation is deemed to exist These values are not intended for use. or for modification for use, in the evaluation or control of community air pollution or air-pollution nuisances. The Committee welcomes the suggestion of substances to be added to the list and also comments, references, or reports of experience with these materials. Received for publication May 23, 1957. RECOMMENDED VALUES Gases and Vapors Approx. Mg. _SuSTANC PPM* per Cu. M.+ Acetaldehyde ................. ... 200 360 Acetic add.................... ... 10 Acetic anhydride ......... ... 5 25 20 Acetone ........................ ... 1,000 2,400 Acrolein ........................ ... AUvl alcohol ................. ... i AllyI chloride ............... ... 0.5 5 5 U 12 IS Allyl propyl disulfide .. ... 2 12 Ammonia ...................... ... 100 70 Amvl acetate ................. ... 200 1.050 Amyl alcohol (isoamyl alcohol) ... ... 100 360 Aniline .......................... 19 Arsine ............................ ... 0.05 0.2 Approx. Mg. Mjbstance PPM* per Cu. M.t Benzene (benzol) ....... ... 25 80 Benzyl chloride ............... 1 5 Bromine ...................... .... 1 7 Butadiene (1,3-butadiene) .............1,000 1200 Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) ........... .... 250 740 Butyl acetate (fi-butyl acetate) ... .... 200 950 Butyl alcohol Xft-butanol) ............. .... 100 300 Bufylamine ................ .... 5 15 Butyl celkjsoive (2-butoxyethanoi) .. .... 50 240 261 DSW 156980 969(W)fr80d00"llS A. M. A. ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH THRESHOLD LIMIT t Approx. Mg. Approx. Mg Substance PPM* per Cu. M.t Carbon dioxide ............... .5,000 9.000 Carbon disulfide ............... . 20 60 Carbon monoxide ........... . 100 Carbon tetrachloride....... . 25 no 160 Cellosolve (2-etboxyethanol) ....... . 200 740 Cellosolve acetate (2-ethoxyethyl acetate) . Chlorine .......................... Chlorine trifluoride ....... Chlorobenzene (monochlorobenzene) . Chloroform 100 1 0.1 75 540 350 (trichloromethane) ........ 100 1-Chloro-l-nitropropane ... 20 490 100 (x)Chloropicrin ...................... 1 7 Chloroprene (2-chloro1,3-butadiene) ........... ... Cresol (all isomers) ... ... 25 5 90 22 Cyclohexane ................. ... 400 Cyclohexanol ................. ... 100 1,400 410 Cyclohexanone ............. ... 100 400 Cydohexene ................. ... 400 Cyclopropane ............... ... 400 U50 690 (x)Decaborane ..................... 0.05 0.3 Substance PPM* per Cu. Mf Ethyl formate ................. .. 100 300 Ethyl silicate ................. .. 100 850 Ethylene chlorohydrin .. .. 5 16 Ethylenediamine ............. .. 10 30 Ethylene dibromidc (1,2-dibrotnoethane) .. .. 25 190 Ethylene imine ............... .. 5 <) Ethylene oxide ............... .. 50 Fluorine .............................. 0.1 Fluorotrichlornmethane ... 1,000 Formaldehyde .................... 5 (x)Furfural .............................. 5 Gasoline .............................. 500 Heptane <*-heptane) ........ 500 Hexane (-hexane) ......... 500 Hexanone (methyl butyl ketone) ................. 100 Hexone (methyl isobutyl ketone) .... ... 100 Hvdrazine.................... ... 1 Hydrogen bromide .... ... 5 Hydrogen chloride . .. ... 5 Hvdrogen evanide .... ... 10 Hvdrogen fluoride .... ... 3 Hydrogen peroxide. 00% .. 1 410 410 1J 17 7 n - Substance Nickel carbonyl ......... (x)Nitric add ................. /i-Nitrooniline ............. Nitrobenzene ............... Nitroethane ................. Nitrogen dioxide ------ Nitroglycerin ............. Nitromethane ............. 2-Nitropropane ........... Nitrotoluene ............. Octane........................ Ozone ........................ Pentane ...................... Pentanone (methyl propyl ketone) ........ Perchlorethylene (tetrachloroethylene) : Phenol.......................... Phenylhydrazine......... ! Phosgene (carbonyl t chloride) ............... Phosphine................... c Phosphorus trichloride u Propyl acetate ......... Propyl alcohol Diacetone alcohol Hydrogen selenide ........... 0.05 f isopropyl alcohol) (4-hydroxy-4-methyl- Hydrogen sulfide ........ 20 Propyl ether 2-pentanone) ............... 50 240 Iodine ................................. 0.1 (isopropyl ether) Diborane ........................ 0.1 o-Dichlorobenzene ............. 50 Dichlorodifluoromethane ...1,000 0.1 300 4,950 Isophorone .......................... Isopropylamine .................. Mesityl oxide .................... 25 5 50 * Pam of vapor or gas v * Approximate milligrams <*) These values appeared 1.1-Dichloroethane ............. 100 400 Methyl acetate .................. 200 1.2-Dichloroethane Methyl acetylene ................1.000 (ethylene dichloride) ... 100 400 (x) Methyl acrylate ............... 10 1.2-Dichlorocthylene ......... 200 790 Methyl alcohol Substance Dichloroethy! ether ......... 15 Dichloromonofluoro- methane ...........................1,000 1,1-Dichloro-l- nitroethane ...................... 10 Dichlorotetrafluoroethane . 1,000 Diethylamine ...................... 25 Difluorodibromomethane .. 100 Diisobutyl ketone ............... 50 Dimethylaniline (jV-dimethylaniline) ----- 5 Dimethylsulfate ................. 1 Dioxane (diethylene dioxide) .......................... 100 Ethyl acetate ...................... 400 00 4.200 (methanol) .................... 200 Methyl bromide ................. 20 Methyl cellosolve (2-methoxyethanol)....... 25 Methyl cellosolve acetate (ethylene glycol mono methyl ether acetate) ... 25 Methyl chloride ................. 100 Methylal (dimethoxymethane) ........................1,000 Methyl chloroform (1,1,1-trichloroethane) .. 500 Methylcyclohexane ........... 500 Methylcyclohexanol ........... 100 Methylcydohexanone ....... 100 .-<0 3.100 Aldrin (U.3,4,10,10-hr 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahyd i dimethanonaphthaleni Animate ( ammonium _ Antimony ................... [,()ANTU (alpha-naphth Arsenic........................ Barium (soluble comi Cadmium oxide fume Calcium arsenate .... Chlordane (1,2,4,5.6,7.! octachloro-3a,4,7,7a-1 , 4,7-methanoindanc) ' (*) Chlorinated camphene (x) Ethyl acrylate ................... 25 Methyl formate ................. 100 Chlorinated diphenyl < \ Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) ..1,000 Ethylamine.......................... 25 Methyl isobutyl carbind (methyl amyl alcohol) .. 2S 100 Chlorodiphenyl (42% H*)Chlorodiphenyl (54%> Ethylbenzene ...................... 200 Methylene chloride [ Chromic add and chroi Ethyl bromide.................... 200 (dkhloromethane) ......... 500 Crag herbicide (sodiu Ethyl chloride..................... 1,000 Naphtha (coal, tar) ......... 200 dichlorophenoxy] etl Ethyl ether ........................ 400 Naphtha (petroleum) ----- 500 sulfate) 262 DSW 156981 Z69(W)fraOdOO"llS INDUSTRIAL HEALTH Approx. Mg. PPM* per Cu. M.f ................ 100 300 ................ 100 850 ilrin ___ 5 16 ................ 10 JO le me) ----- 25 100 ................ 5 <i ................ 50 *>0 ............... 0.1 liane ...1,000 0.2 5.600 ................ 5 6 ................ 5 20 ................ ne) ........ e> .......... 1 500 500 500 2,000 2,000 1,800 ............... 100 410 ............. 100 ................ 1 --------- 5 e ............ 5 .......... io ........... .. 3 *.<%:. l e ....... 0.05 .............. 20 ... 0.1 .. .25 ............... 5 ............... 50 ............... 200 ................ 1.000 ........!... 10 410 1.3 17 7 n > i.4 0.2 30 t 140 12 200 610 1.650 35 ............... 200 ............... . 20 260 so no!) ........ 25 acetate 1 monoetate) ... 25 ................. 100 oxy................... 1.000 m rthane) .. 500 *............... 500 ol ............ 100 .* ........ 100 ................. 100 arbinoi Jcohol) .. 25 le ne) .......... 500 r) .......... 200 -an* . 500 80 120 210 3.100 2,700 2.000 470 460 250 100 1,750 800 2,000 THRESHOLD LIMIT I'ALUES Apprux. Mg. Substance l'l'M*per Cu. M.t Mickel carbonyl ................. 0.001 0.007 (s) Nitric add ........................ 5 25 /*-Nitrooniline .................... 1 6 Nitrobenzene ...................... I 5 Nitrogen dioxide ....... Nitroglycerin ............. .. . Nitromethane ............... ... 2-Nitropropnne ............. ... Nitrotoluene ......... Octane............... Ozone .................. Pentane ............. Pentanone (methyl 0.5 100 50 JIU 9 5 250 180 30 2,350 0-2 2,950 propyl ketone) ......... .. 200 1'erchlorethylene 700 (tetrachloroethylene) . . 200 Phenol ........... Phenylhydrazine ....... Phosgene (carbonyl 1.350 19 22 chloride) ....... Phosphine ......... Phosphorus trichloride . . .. Propyl acetate ....... Propyl alcohol 0.5 4 o.o; 3 840 1 isopropyl alcohol) . .. 400 Propyl ether 980 (isopropyl ether) .. 500 2.100 Substance Propylene dichloride Approx. Mg. PPM* per Cu. M-t (1,2-dichloropropane) .. 75 Propylene imine ............... 25 Pyridine ............................. 10 Quinone............................... Oil Stibine ............................... 0.1 Stoddard solvent ............... 500 Styrene monomer 350 60 30 0l4 0.5 2.900 (phenylethylene) ........... 100 Sulfur dioxide .................. 5 Sulfur hexafluoride .......... 1.000 Sulfur monochloride ........ I Sulfur pentafluoride ......... 0.025 ^-Tertiarybutyltoluene ----- 10 1.1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane ..5 (x) Tetrahydrofuran ............... 200 Tetranitromethane ............. 1 Toluene (toluol) ............. 200 i>-Toluidine ........................ 5 Trichloroethylene ............... 200 Trifluoromonobrocno- 420 13 6.000 6 0.25 60 35 590 8 750 22 1.050 methane........................ 1.000 Turpentine ......................... 100 Vinyl chloride 6,100 560 i chloroethylene) ........... 500 Xylene (xvlol) ................ 200 1,300 870 ' Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of air by volume. r Approximate milligrams per cubic meter of air. ix) These values appeared on the tentative list for 1956. Toxic Dust*. Fumes, and Mists Substance Xldrin (l,2.J,4,10,10-hexachlornl,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1.4.5,8- Mg. per Cu. M i Ammate ( ammonium sultamate) Antimony .............................................. (x)ANTU (alpha-naphthvl-thiourea) Arsenic Barium (soluble compi Cadmium oxide fume (x) Calcium arsenate....... Chlordane (12,4.5,6.7.8,8- nctachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahy(lro4,7-methanoindane) ................. (x)Chlorinated camphene, 60% ... Chlorinated diphenyl oxide ................. Chlorodiphenyl (42% chlorine) .......... (x)Chlorodiphenvl (54% chlorine) ......... Chromic acid and chromates (as CrO>) Crag herbicide (sodium 2-(2,4ilichlorophenoxy] ethanol hydrogen 0.25 15 00..55 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 2 0.5 00..55 1 0.5 0.1 15 Substance Cyanide (as CN) ........... 3.4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) ............................. ( x) DDT (2-2-bis(^-chlorophenyl]-1,1,1- Mg. pe Cu. M. .5 . 10 trichloroethane) ............. Dieldrin (1^3,4,10,10-hexachloro- .1 6.7-epoxy-1,4.4a.5,6.7,8.8a-octahvdro- 1,4,5.8-dimethano-naphthalene) (x) Dinitrobenzene.............. Dinitrotoiuene ............. Dinitro-o-cresol .............. EPN (O-ethyl O-l-nitrophenvl .. . 0.25 1 1.5 QJ * thionobenzenephosphonate) i x) Ferbam (ferric dimethyl 0.5 dithiocarbamate) ....... Ferrovanadium dust___ Fluoride ................ (x)HETP (hexaethvl tctraphosphate) Hydroquinooe .................. Iron oxide fume .............. Lead ............. .. 15 1 2.5 0.1 2 15 0.2 263 DSW 156982 A. M. A. ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH Mg. per Substance Cu. M.$ (x)Lead arsenate ..................................... 0.15 Lindane (hexachlorocydohexane, gamma isomer) ................................ 0.5 Magnesium oxide fume........................... 15 Malathion (0,0-dimethyl dithiophosphate of diethyl mercaptosucdnate) . 15 Manganese ............................................. 0 Mercury ................................................ 0.1 Mercury (organic compounds) .......... 0.01 Methoxychlor (22-di-^-methoxyphenvl- 1,1,1-trichloroethane) ........................... 15 Molybdenum (soluble compounds) ......................... 5 (insoluble compounds) ....................... 15 (x) Nicotine................................................... Parathion (O,O-diethyl 0-/>nitrophenyl thiophosphate) ............. 0.5 0.1 Pentachloronaphthalene ....................... 0.5 Pentachlorophenol .................................. 0.5 Phosphorus (yellow) .......................... 0.1 Phosphorus pentachloride ..................... 1 Phosphorus pentasulfide ....................... 1 Picric acid ............................................. 0.1 (x)Pyrethrum ............................................. 2 (x)Rotenone ................................................. 5 Selenium compounds (as Se) ............. 0.1 Sodium hydroxide.................................. 2 (x)Sodium fluoroacetate (1080) ............. 0.1 (x) Strychnine ............................................. 0.15 Sulfuric acid ......................................... 1 Substance TEDP (tetraethyl dithionopyrophosphate) Mg. per Cu. M4 .................... 0.2 TEPP (tetraethyl pyrophosphate) .. 0.05 Tellurium .............................................. 0.1 Tetryl (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl- methylnitramine) ............................... 1.5 (x)Thiram (tetramethvl thiuram disulfide) ............................................ 5 (x)Thallium (soluble compounds) .......... 0.1 Titanium dioxide................................... 15 Trichloronaphthalene ............................ 5 Trinitrotoluene ....................................... 1.5 Uranium (soluble compounds) ........................ 0.05 (insoluble compounds) .................... 025 Vanadium (VjOs dust) ..................................... 0.5 (ViOs fume) ..................................... 0.1 (x)Warfarin (3-[a acetonylhenzvl]^- hydroxycoumarin) ............................ 0.5 Zinc oxide fumes ............................. 15 Zirconium compounds (as Zr) ........... 5 Radioactivity: For permissible concentrations of radio isotopes in air, see "Maximum Permissible Amounts af Radioisotopes in tbe Human Body and Maximum Per missible Concentrations in Air and Water," Handbook 52, U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau af Standards, March, 1953. In addition, see "Permissible Dose from External Sources of Ionizing Radiation.'* Handbook 59, U. S. Department of Commerce. National Bureau of Standards. Sept. 24, 1954. Revision of the two publications mentioned above is in progress. t Milligrams of dust, fume, or mist per cubic meter of air. (x) These values appeared on the tentative list for 1956. Mineral Dusts Substance MPPCF Aluminum oxide ........................................ 50 Asbestos ........................................................ 5 Dust (nuisance, nofree silica) .................... 50 Mica (below 5% freesilica) ....................... 20 Portland cement ........................................ 50 Talc ............................................................... 20 | Millions of particles per cubic foot of air. MPPCFf Silica high (above 50% free SiOs) ................. medium (5 to 50% free SiOs) ................. low (below 5% free SiOs) .................... Silicon carbide ............................................ Soapstone (below 5% free SiOt) ............. 5 20 50 50 20 TENTATIVE VALUES Approx. Mg- Substance PPM|| per. Cu. M.fl Acetylene tetrabromide .......... 1 14 Allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) ..10 45 Beryllium .................................. 2y/m* Boron trifiuoride ................... 1 3 n-Butyl glycidyl ether (BGE) ....................... 50 270 (x) Butyl mercaptan ..................... 10 35 Chloroacetaldehyde ................. 1 3 Approx. Mg Substance PPM|1 per. Cu. M l (x ) Chlorobromotne! harte (CIBrCHs) .......................... 400 2.100 Diglyddyl ether (DGE) .... 10 55 Dimethyl formamide ............. 20 60 Dipropyleneglycolmethylether . 100 600 (x)Ethyl mercaptan .................... 250 640 (x)Furfuryl alcohol .................... 50 200 Glycidol................................. 50 150 264 DSW 156983 6690maOdOO11S ' r' ISOI STRiAL HEALTH M*per Cu. M.J >h; ................. py. ^msphate) . . 'phenyl- .1 thiurant 0.2 0.05 Qj 1.5 (impounds) ........ 0.1 . 15 .......................... . . 1 * Is) ....................... - 0.05 intis) ................... 0.25 nc _________ _____ ftl tonvlbenzyl]-4- nc ............................ IS ts (as Zr) .......... . 5 uMibl* concentrations of ndio mam Permissible Amounts ml m Body and Maximum Ptr. vir sad Water," Handbook 52, mrneree, National Bureau 4 la addition, sc* "Pertnissiklt -css of loniiinf Radiation,* -tmeoc of Commerce, Natnad 2*. 19? liev' entioned above is ia THRESHOLD limit values Substance Isopropyl glyddyl ether Approx. Mg. PPM|| per. Cu. M.f Substance Approx. Mg. PPM(1 per. Cu. Ml (IGE) ................................. 50 Lithium hydride ....................... (jc) Methyl mercaptan ................. 50 a Methyl styrene ..................... 100 Monomethyl aniline................. 2 240 25y/m* 100 400 9 Propylene oxide ..................... 100 Tertiary butyl'aloohoi.............. 100 (x)Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate ----- 0.1 Triethyl amine ......................... 25 Vinyl toluene ............. Yttrium and inorganic 100 240 300 0.7 100 480 Paradichlorofaenzene ............... 75 450 (x) Perchloromethyl mercaptan .. 0.1 0.8 Phenyl glyddyl ether compounds ............................ -'.XylkKne .................................... (*)Teflon decomposition 5 5 25 (PGE) 3 Parts of .................................. vapor or gas per million 50 pans 310 of air by products ................................ 0 0 rol(k*q)vPt.entaborane__(_B__s_H__>_)___._._.._._.._._.._._.._.______0________0_____ - 1 Approximate milligrams per cubic meter of air. - - -- ' (x) These values appeared on the tentative list for 1956. * Until more data are forthcoming, it ia important that atmospheric concentrations of these materials to which workers are exposed must be kept at near 0 at possible. William L. Ball L. T. Fairhall H. E. Stokincer W. H. Reinhart RRaallpphh SS.. SSmmiitthh ^S. ~D. "Silver VV. Clark Cooper Allan L. Coleman, Chairman i\ fit ill ! Ii { t| f!