Document jmJ2aXoROKN2L91R3oNbZzvGp
Mortality Study at the 3M Chemolite Plant
Jack S. Mandel, Ph.D., M.P.H. Leonard M. Schuman, M.D., M.S.
January, 1989
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 1
f
Exhibit 1353
State o f M inn eso ta v. 3M Co., C ourt File No. 27-CV-10-28862
3MA00632297
Mortality Study at the 3M Chemolite Plant
Introduction A retrospective cohort mortality study of the 3M Chemolite Plant in Cottage Grove, Minnesota was completed in 1980. The purpose of the study was to determine if the mortality experience of employees at this plant was sig nificantly different from that expected in a comparable population. The results from that study, summarized in a report issued in February of 1980, found no cause of death among employees which was significiantly greater than expected.
On February 16, 1984, a contract was instituted to update the initial study by evaluating the mortality experience through 1983. Specifically, it was agreed that the vital status of all former employees would be ascertained and a statistical analysis conducted to determine if there was any signifi cantly different cause of death among Chemolite Plant employees when com pared to the general population. This paper presents the methods and results of the followup study.
Methods The methods employed were essentially the same as those utilized in the initial study. The goal of the study was to determine the vital status of all inactive employees, obtain a copy of the death certificate for those who are deceased, and analyze the mortality data to determine whether there were any signfiicant excesses or deficiencies among Chemolite Plant employees compared to the general population.
- 1-
Made Available by 3IVI for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 2
3MA00632298
The study population was defined as all hourly employees who were employed at least six months at the Chemolite plant. The roster of employees from the initial study (n=3,688) was updated to include:
1. new employees hired since the first study was conducted;
2. terminated (deceased, retired, laid-off, disabled, on leave, transferred) employees since 1978, the closing date of the initial study.
Vital status was determined for all inactive employees through Social Security Administration (SSA), the National Death Index (NDI) and tracing of individuals whose status could not be resolved by SSA or NDI.
On August 15, 1984, a request was sent to SSA requesting a formal agreement for the ascertainment of vital status. Approval was received on October 15, 1984, and a computer tape containing 2,668 records was shipped to SSA on November 1, 1984. The results were returned on March 19, 1985.
In August of 1984, a request for similar services was sent to NDI. Approval was received on October 16, 1984 and a computer tape was shipped October 29, 1984. The results were received November 20, 1984.
Following receipt of the results of the SSA and NDI searches, death certif icates were requested from state health departments for all former employ ees known or presumed to be dead. Death certificates were coded by a professional nosologist according to the Eighth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases.
2- -
Made Available by 3IVI for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 3
3MA00632299
Employees for whom no vital status information was available were individu
ally traced using a number of resources such as telephone information,
reverse street directories to identify former neighbors, motor vehicle registration, former employers, church affiliations and unions.
J
All data were coded and keyed for computer-assisted analysis. The method of analysis was based on a comparison of the observed to expected number of deaths by cause, adjusted for age, time, sex and race (Monson, 1974). Expected deaths were obtained from U.S. death rates.
Nested Case-Control Study For any significantly elevated standardized mortality ratio, a nested casecontrol study was conducted. Cases were all deaths from the cause which was elevated and controls were four employees individually matched to the case on sex, race, birtnyear (+ 3 years), year first employed at 3M (+ 2 years) and vital status (alive at least until year of death of the case). The work histories of the cases and controls were examined to determine if there were any job titles or department codes associated with the disease.
Results A total of 4,085 employees (3,204 male and 881 female) were eligible for the study. These employees represented 87,684 person-years at risk (68,833 males and 18,851 for females). Vital status was determined for 100 percent
of the cohort. Two hundred and eighty 7( % ) were deceased and death certif
icates were obtained for 278. Two died overseas; one in Korea and one in South America. Information on cause of death for those two deaths was obtained from the military for the Korean death and a family member for the death which occurred in South America.
-3-
Made Available by 3IVI for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 4
3MA00632300
It took from 20 to 341 days to obtain the death certificates from the state health departments. Six states took over three months to respond.
Table 1 presents the observed and expected number of male deaths, the ratio of observed to expected (standardized mortality ratios), the lower and upper 95% confidence limits and the chi-square value by cause of death. The SMR for all causes of death was 0.61 (95% C.L. = 0.54, 0.70), indicat ing a significantly lower than expected death rate among the Chemolite employees. A major contributor to this favorable mortality experience was the low rate of cardiovascular disease mortality, most probably reflecting a healthy worker effect. The SMR for all cancers was 0.76 (95% C.L. = 0.58, 0.97), a ratio significantly less than 1.0. No cause of death has an SMR significantly greater than 1.0.
Table 2 presents the results for all male (100) deaths among employees in the Cnemical Division. The SMR's were 0.64 (95% C.L. = 0.52, 0.78) for deaths from all causes, 0.54, (95% C.L. = 0.37, 0.76) for deaths due to diseases of the circulatory system and 0.73 (95% C.L. = 0.46, 1.10) for cancer deaths. The only statistically significantly elevated SMR was for prostatic cancer deaths where the observed number of deaths (4) was four times greater than expected (SMR = 3.94, 95% C.L. = 1.06, 10.08).
Tables 3 and 4 present the results for all females and females in the Chemical Division, respectively. Based on a total of 35 deaths there were no statistically significant increased standardized mortality ratios.
A nested case-control study was conducted for what were initially five prostatic cancer deaths in the entire study population. For each death
-4-
Made Available by 3IVI for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 5
3MA00632301
four matched controls were selected. Individual job histories were reviewed to determine if any job titles or department codes occurred more frequently among cases than controls. On reviewing the entire job history, it was apparent that one prostatic cancer death was duplicated. This occurred because the employee had been assigned two different identifica tion numbers and the records contained different dates of entry into the workforce. Thus, the case-control comparison was limited to four cases and 16 controls. The cases were employed in 16 different departments and had 11 different jobs, controls were in 25 different departments and had 27 different jobs. There were no significant differences in department codes or job titles between cases and controls.
Discussion Employees at the Chemolite Plant were found to have an overall lower than expected death rate than the general population. This occurred for both males and females and for both the whole Plant population and those employed in the Chemical Division. The only exception was for deaths from prostatic cancer among males employed in the Chemical Division where four deaths were observed and 1.02 were expected. Despite efforts to identify duplicate records, one pair was not discovered until job histories were reviewed in the nested case-control study. Removing the duplicate death reduced the SMR from 3.94 to 2.94. Even though this was no longer a sta tistically significant SMR, the case-control study was still conducted. No specific job title or department code was found to occur more often among cases than controls. Two possible explanations for the larger than expected number of prostatic cancer deaths are: (1) prostatic cancer is
-5-
Made Available by 3IVI for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 6
3MA00632302
more prevalent in Minnesota than the U.S. and thus a higher rate would be expected and (2) a chance finding due to the large number of comparisons that were conducted.
The conclusion based on this study is that no statistically significant excess mortality was evident among employees at Chemolite.
6- -
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1 3 5 3 .0 0 0 7
3MA00632303
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
. M D L C 1 . u o i t K v t u i \ m t J U ' t U t l ) I J L / H H S BY CAUSE, STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO ( SMR), 95 PERCENT CONFIDENCE LIMITS AND CHI-SQUARE VALUE, MALES, CHEMOLITE PLANT.
0 ALL CAUSES OF DEAMI
1 ALL MALIGNANT IIE0PLASI13
z ALL INFECTIVE AIIO PARASITIC DISEASE
9 ALL TUBERCULOSIS
140 CAIICER OF BUCCAL CAVITY AMD PHARYNX 149 CAMCER OF DIGESTIVE oncAIIS AIIO PERITONEUM | 1 Z5 - APPROXIMATE! 150 CAIICER OF ESOPHAGUS 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE! 151 CAIICER OF STOMACH
155 CAIICER OF LARGE IIITESTIIIE I I 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I 154 CAIICER OF RECTUM ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE (
155 ALL CAIICER OF LIVER 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE! 1 9 1 0 * - PRIMARY ONLY 157 CAIICER OF PANCREAS 1 1 9 2 5 - A P P noX IM A IE )
160 CANCER OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE 1
161 CAIICER OF LARYNX I 1 9 2 5 - , 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE 1
16 2 ALL CANCER o r LUNG - r n i l l A R r AND SECONDARY I 1 9 2 5 - , 1 9 5 0 - APPIIOXIIIA! E 1 1 70 CAIICER OF BONE 1 1 9 2 5 - , 1 9 3 0 - , 1 9 4 5 - A rP nuX IIIA TE 1
172 CAIICER OF S K III
105 CAIICER OF PROSTATE 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE 1 106 CAIICER OF TESTIS lO IIIER GENITAL ORGANS 1 9 2 5 - 5 9 II T 9 2 G - . I 9 3 0 - APPMOXIH 100 CAIICER OF GLADDER 11 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE) 10? CAIICER OF KIDNEY 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
170 CA" CE " 0E EVE
<1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
191 CAIICER OF BRAIN AMD OTHER C E N T A L NERVOUS SYSIEII 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE 1
1?J CANCER OF THYROID
C1 9 5 0 - 1 9 6 9 ONLY)
200 LYMPHOSARCOMA AND RETICULOSARCOIIA U 9 5 0 - 1 9 6 9 ONLY!
201 IIO O G M ir s DISEASE 11940 - , 1 9 4 5- APPROXIMATE)
onsEnvED EXPECTED 245 399.47 65 0 3 .2 5 1 3.92 1 1.59 1 2.65 21 2 0 . 1 0 3 1.95 4 3.19
7 6.7 7
I 1.95 1 1.45 4 4.19 10 3 0 . 72 1 1.16 9 29.22 0 0.42 1 2.22 5* 3.12 1 0.00 1 1.64 1 2.22 0 0.07 3 3.49 0 0.17 1 1*05
z 1.45
COS/EXP O lil -0;7* 0.25 0.6 J 0.50 1.04 1.55 1.25 1.03 0.51 0.69 0.95 0.330.06 o rs r 0.00 0.45 1.60 1.14 0.61 0.45 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.54 1.30
LL 0.54 0.50 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.65 0.31 0.34 0.41 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.16 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.01 0.52 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.15
includes duplicate
UL 0.70 0.97 1.40 3.49 2.12 1.60 4.54 3.21 2.13 2.05 3.05 2.44 0.60
4.79 0.50 0.66 2.51 1.74 6.55 3.59 2.50 55.76 2.51 21.93 3.01 4.97
Cllist) 59.35
4.60 1.54 0.01 0.49 0,01 0.17 0.03 0.01 0,10 0.00 0.02 13.31 0.10 1J.31 0.01 0,23 0.61 0.16 0.01 0.24 2.87 0.00 0.66 0.06 0.00
3MA00632304
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information. Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1353.0009
nuuuiN ClliH
208 CANCER OF OTHER LYMPHATIC TISSU E I 1950-1969 ONLY) Z09 ALL LYMPHOPOIETIC CANCER 210 BENIGN NEOPLASMS 290 ALLERGIC,ENDOCRINE,METABOLIC,NUTRITIONAL DISEASES (1950-1969 ONLY) 250 DIABETES HELLITU S 280 ALL DISEASES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS (1 9 2 5 -.1 9 3 0 - API'ROXIM 519 MENTAL,PSYCIIONEUROTIC, ANO PERSONALITY DISORDERS (1 9 50-1969 ONLY) 320 ALL DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS 390 ALL DISEASES OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 393 CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART D IS E A S E !1925- APPROXIMATE) 910 ARTERIOSCLEROTIC HEART D IS E A S E , INCLUDING CIID (1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE) 930 ALL VASCULAR LESIONS OF CNS 960 ALL RESPIRATORY D ISEA SES (1 9 Z 5 -,1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE) 980 ALL PNEUMONIA ( I 9 2 5 - , I 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE) 592 EMPHYSEMA I1 9 5 0 -,1 9 5 5 APPROXIMATE) 593 ASTHMA (1 9 Z 5 -,1 9 5 0 - APPROXIMATE) 520 ALL D ISEA SES OF D IG ESTIV E SYSTEM 531 ALL GASTRIC AMD DUODENAL ULCER 571 CIRRH O SIS OF LIV E R 500 ALL D ISEA SES OF GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM 582 CHRONIC N EPH R ITIS 709 ALL D ISEA SES OF THE SKIM AND CELLULAR TISSUE 739 ALL D ISEA SES OF THE BONES AND ORGANS OF MOVEMENT 799 SYMPTOMS,SENILITY,ANO I L L DEFINED CONDITIONS 800 ALL EXTERNAL CAUSES OF DEATH 601 ALL ACCIDENTS
810 MOTOR V EH ICLE ACCIDENTS 959 SUICIDE
W TOTAL RESIDUAL >ooow>
NJ
COUOl
0 3.35 3 2.30 6 9.38 n 1.26 6 6.68 3 5.36 1 0.86 1 3.67 3 6.37 106 168.25 3 3.51 86 120.68 7 16.53 7 19.18 3 6.30 1 3.76 1 0.59 1Z 2 Z .7 8 Z 1.95 3 16.16 0 6.03 0 1.63 0 0.26 1 0.76 1 5.30 66 73.73 36 6 8 . 6 7 27 2 6 .2 7 9 16.10 1 -106.96
0.00 1.26 0.66 0.00 0.60 0.56 1.16 0.29 0.69 .0.62 0.85 0;70 .0.6? 0 k3 * 0.68 0.27 1.68 -0,51 1.03 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.31 0.19 kO.,62 0 70. 1.03 0.56 -0.01
0.00 0.25 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.11 0.02 0.00 0.16 0.51 0.17 0.56 0.17 0.15 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.27 0.12 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.66 0.68 0.68 0.26
1.10 3.69 1.39 2.91 1.53 1.66 6.67 1.60 2.00 0 . 75 2.69 0.86 0.87 0.75 1.39 1.69 9.37 0.92 3.70 0.62 0.91 2.57 16.07 7.32 1.05 0.83 0.98 1.50 1.06
2.62 0.01 0.88 0.66 0.71 0.66 0.15 1.12 0.17 26.16 0.00 10.76 6.96 7.11 1.25 1.36 0.01 6.66 0.10 8.02 3.10 0 .(0 0.22 0.09 2.72 10.06 6.12 0.00 2.71
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
TABLE 2. OBSERVED AND EXPECTED DEATHS BY CAUSE, STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO (SMR), 95 PERCENT CONFIDENCE LIMITS AND CHI-SQUARE VALUE, MALES, CHEMICAL DIVISIO N.
a AIL CAUSES OF DEATH
1 ALL UALIGIIAIir NEOPLASMS
2 ALL IlirECTIVE AMD PARASITIC DISEASE
7 ALL TUDEncULOSIS 140 CANCER OF BUCCAL CAVITY AND PHARYNX 147 CANCER OF DIGESTIVE ORGANS AMI) PERITONEUM 11725- APPROXIMATE!
150 CANCER OF ESOPHAGUS I1 7 Z 5 - APPR0XINA1E)
151 CANCEll OF STONACII
151 CANCER OF LARGE INTESTINE (1725- AI'PROXIHATE 1 154 CANCER Or nECTUII 11925- APPROXIIIATE I
155 A l l CANCER Or LIVER 11725- APPnoXIIIAlE 1 17701 - PRIMARY ONLY
157 CANCER OF PANCREAS ( 1725- APPROXIIIAIE1
n o CANCER OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 119Z5- APPnuXNIAlE I
1(1 CANCER or LARYNX I 1725-, 1750- Ari'ROXIlIrtl E 1
142 ALL CANCER OF LUTK3 - PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ( 1725- 17Jf)- APPHOXIIIAI E I 170 CANCER OF DONE 11725-,1930-,1945- APPROXIMATE I 172 CANCER o r SKIN 185 CAliCER OF'PROSTATE (1724- APPROXIMATE 1
104 CANCER Or TESTIS (OTHER GENITAL ORGANS 17 2 5 -4 7 111925 - , I 931)- AITIIOXIM IBS CANCER OF OlADDER ( 1925- APPR0XIMA1E 1 101 CANCER OF KIDNEY 11725- ArPROXIIIAlE 1
190 CANCER OF EVE
( 1750-1767 ONLY 1
171 CANCER OF DRAIN AND OTHER CEIIIRAI. NERVOUS SYSIEN ( 1725- APPIIOXNIA1E )
17S CANCER Or THYROID
( 1750-1767 DULY 1
200 LYMPHOSARCOMA AND RETICULOSARCOMA ( 1750-1769 ONLY 1
201 IIODRKNI'S DISEASE ll?40-,1745- APPROXIMATE 1
unsEnvFD EXPECTED 1(H) 156.32
23 31.36 0 1.53 0 0.50 1) 0.90 6 7.57 1 0.71 0 1.16
1 2.47
0 0.70 0 0.53
2 1.54
r 11.40
i 0.42 10.04
0 0.10 i 0.73
1.02 l 0.41 0 0.56 0 0.04 0 0.02 I 1.43 0 0.06 0 0.73 0 0.65
ODS/EXP d.64 0.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
1.41
0.00 1.20 0.00 0.00 1.30 0.44 2.36
o:s7-
0.00 1.00 3774 2.4 2 0.00 0,00 0.00 0.70 0,00 0.00 0.00
LL 0.52 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.02 0.00 0.24 0.00
O.OU
0.15 0.14 0.03 0.10 0.00 0.01
1 .0 6
0.03 O.OU 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
UL
0.70 1.10 2.40 6.30 3.74 1.77 7.05 3.17 3.51 6.21 6.07 4.67 1.02 13.15 0.94 20.20
6.77
10.00 13.44 6.5Z 4.37 140.15 3.87 56.77 5.00 5.60
CHISM 19.73
1.77 0.67 0.01 0.23 0.10 0.06 0.37 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00
3.05 0.01 3.71 0.56 0.20 6.08 0.02 0.01 0.14 7.12 0.00 2.73 0.07 0.03
^includes duplicate
3MA00632306
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1353.0011
2 0 4 "LEUKEMIA AND ALEUKEMIA
208 CANCER OF OTHER LYMPHATIC TISSUE (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY 209 ALL LYMPHOPOIETIC CANCER 210 BENIGN NEOPLASMS
240 ALLERGIC,ENDOCRINE,METABOLIC,NUTRITIONAL DISEASES C1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
250 DIABETES MELLITUS
280 ALL DISEASES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS ( 1 9 2 5 - ,1 9 3 0 - APPROXIN
319 MENTAL,PSYCIIONEUROTIC,AND PERSONALITY DISORDERS ( 1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY) 320 ALL DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS
390 ALL DISEASES OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
393 CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE! 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
410 ARTERIOSCLEROTIC HEART DISEASE.INCLUDING CUD ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
430 ALL VASCULAR LESIONS OF CNS
460 ALL RESPIRATORY DISEASES ( 1 9 2 5 - .1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
480 ALL PNEUMONIA < 1 9 2 5 - ,1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
492 EMPHYSEMA ( 1 9 5 0 - ,1 9 5 5 APPROXIMATE)
4 93 ASTHMA ( I 9 2 5 - . 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
520 ALL DISEASES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
531 ALL GASTRIC AMO DUODENAL ULCER
571 CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER
500 ALL DISEASES OF GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM 582 CHRONIC NEPHRITIS
709 ALL DISEASES OF THE SKIM AMD CELLULAR TISSUE
739 ALL DISEASES OF THE BONES AND ORGANS OF MOVEMENT
799 SYMPTOMS,SENILITY,AND IL L DEFINED CONDITIONS
800 ALL EXTERNAL CAUSES OF DEATH
801 ALL ACCIDENTS
810 MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS
959 SUICIDE
W >Oo CWTWOOD
TOTAL RESIDUAL
0 1.36 X 0.91 1 3.79 0 0.50 2 2.59
1 2.05
0 0.33
0 1.97 1 1.81 33 6 1 .1 7 1 1.35 28 9 3 .7 6
Z 5.83 <\ 6 .9 3 z 2.39
0 1.27
1 0.22
9 8.96
2 0.71 2 5.66 0 1.53
O 0.57
0 0.10 0 0.30
1 2.17
27 3 9 .9 7 10 2 3 .1 5 13 1 2 .9 9
7 7.39
0 -38.02
0 .0 0 1 .1 0 0 .2 6 0 .0 0 0 .7 7 0 .9 9 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .5 5 0^59 0 .7 9 0 .6 9 0 .3 9 0 .5 8 0 .8 6 0 .0 0 9 .9 7 1 .0 0 2 .8 1 0 .3 5 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .9 6 0 .7 7 0 .7 8 1 .0 0 0 .9 5 0 .0 0
0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 9 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .3 7 0 .0 1 0 .9 3 0 .0 9 0 .1 6 0 .1 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 6 0 .9 6 0 .3 2 0 .0 9 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .5 1 0 .9 6 0 .5 3 0 .3 8
2.70 6 .1 1 1 .9 7 7 .2 9 2 .7 9 2 .7 2 10.96 2.50 3 .0 8 0.76 9 .1 2 0 .9 2 1 .2 9 1 .9 8 3 .0 9 2.88 2 9 .0 8 1 .9 1 10.16 1 .2 8 2.90 6 .9 7 3 6 .9 9 12.11 2.56 1.12 1.23 1.72 1 .9 5
0 .5 9 0 .1 9 1 .3 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .1 5 0 .0 8 0 .6 9 0 .0 5 1 2 .5 2 0 .0 2 5 .3 2 1 .9 0 0 .8 5 0 .0 1 0 .9 7 0 .3 9 0 .0 2 0 .8 8 1 .7 6 0 .6 9 0 .0 1 1 .6 2 0 .1 3 0 .2 1 1 .6 0 0.93 0.01 0 .0 0
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
3MA00632308
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
TABLE 3. OBSERVED AND EXPECTED DEATHS BY CAUSE, STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO (SMR), 95 PERCENT CONFIDENCE LIMITS AND CHI-SQUARE VALUE, FEMALES, CHEMOLITE PLANT.
0 ALL CAUSES OF DEATH
1 ALL MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS
2 ALL INFECTIVE AND PARASITIC DISEASE * ALL TUBERCULOSIS H O CANCER OF BUCCAL CAVITY AND PHARYNX
14? CANCER OF DIGESTIVE OnGAIlS AND PERITONEUM ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I 150 CAMCER OF ESOPHAGUS ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I 151 CANCER OF STOMACH
151 CAMCER OF LARGE INTESTINE 11 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I 154 CAMCER OF RECTUM 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I
155 ALL CANCER OF LIVER ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATEJ 1 9 2 0 * - PRIMARY ONLY 152 CANCER OF PANCREAS 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE!
160 CANCER OF RESPIRATORY SYSIEII ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXINAIE) 161 CANCER OF LARYNX I 1 9 2 5 - , 1 9 1 0 - APPROXIMATE I
162 ALL CANCER OF LUMO - PRIMARY AMO SECONDARY < 1 9 2 5 - ,1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
120 CAMCER OF BONE 11 9 2 5 - , 1 9 3 0 - , 1 9 4 5 - APPROXIMATE) 172 CAMCER OF SK1II
124 CANCER OF BREAST
180 CANCER OF CERVIX UTERI 181 CANCER OF CORPUS UTERI 182 CANCER OF ALL UTEnUS 181 CANCER OF OTHER GENUAL ORGANS 184 CANCER OF ALL GENITAL ORGANS
(1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY) ( 1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY I I 1930-196? ONLY) 1 1 9 3 0 -1 9 5 9 ONLY )
188 CANCER OF BLADDER ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I
18? CANCER OF KIDNEY 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
CANCER OF EYE
(1950-1969 ONLY
OBSERVED EXPECTED 35 5 4 .47 11 1 9 .2 6 1 0.64 0 0.17 0 0.27 1 3.60 0 . 0.14 0 0.41 l 1.5? 0 0.33 0 0.32 0 0.68 z 2.8? 0 0.06 2 2.7? 0 0.07 1 0.36 4 4.97 0 0.9? 0 0.51 0 1.52 1 1.51 l 3.04 0 0.13 0 0.27 0 0.01
ODS/EXP 0 .6 4 0 .5 7 1 .5 6 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .2 8 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .6 3 0 .0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .0 0 0 .6 9 0 .0 0 0 .7 2 0 .0 0 2 .7 ? 0 .8 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0.66 0 .3 3 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0
LL 0 .4 5 0 .2 8 0 .0 2 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .08 0 .0 0 0 .0 4 0 .2 2 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0
UL 0 .89 1 .0 2 8 .60 2 1 .2 9 1 3 .7 0 1 .5 5 2 6 .4 8 8 .8 4 3 .4 ? 1 1 .0 1 1 1 .4 4 5 .4 3 2 .4 ? 6 1 .0 8 2 .5 9 5 4 .9 4 1 5 .5 1 2 .0 6 3 .6 ? 7 .2 0 2 .4 2 3 .6 7 1 .8 3 2 7 .3 6 1 3 .5 2 2 7 1 .2 8
C llis q 6 .6 1 3 .1 2 0 .0 3 0 .6 2 0 .2 0 1 .2 2 0 .9 4 0 .0 2 0 .0 1 0 .0 8 0 .1 0 0 .0 5 0 .0 5 3 .2 2 0 .0 3 2 .8 1 0 .0 6 0 .0 4 0 .2 4 0 .0 0 0 .6 8 0 .0 0 0 .7 8 1 .0 0
0 .1 9 1 7 .5 0
3MA00632309
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information: Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1353.0014
191 CANCER OF DRAIN AND OTHER CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
193 CANCER OF THYROID
(1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
200 LYMPHOSARCOMA AND RETICULOSARCOMA (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
01 HODGKIN' S DISEASE ( 1 9 9 0 - ,1 9 6 5 - APPROXIMATE)
206 LEUKEMIA AND ALEUKEMIA
208 CANCER OF OTHER LYMPHATIC TISSUE (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
09 ALL LYMPHOPOIETIC CANCER
210 BENIGN NEOPLASMS
260 ALLERGIC,ENDOCRINE.METABOLIC,NUTRITIONAL DISEASES (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY) 50 DIABETES MELLITUS
280 ALL DISEASES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS ( 1 9 5 - ,1 9 3 0 - APPROXIM
319 MENTAL,PSYCHONEUROTIC,AND PERSONALITY DISORDERS (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
320 ALL DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS
390 ALL DISEASES OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
393 CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE!1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
610 ARTERIOSCLEROTIC HEART DISEASE.INCLUDING CUD (1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE I
630 ALL VASCULAR LESIONS OF CNS
660 ALL RESPIRATORY DISEASES ( 1 9 2 5 - . 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
680 ALL PNEUMONIA ( 1 9 2 5 - . 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
692 EMPHYSEMA ( 1 9 5 0 - ,1 9 5 5 APPROXIMATE)
693 ASTHMA ( 1 9 2 5 - . 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
520 ALL DISEASES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
31 ALL GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCER
571 CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER
580 ALL DISEASES OF GEHITO-URINARY SYSTEM
582 CHRONIC NEPHRITIS
709 ALL DISEASES OF THE SKIN AND CELLULAR TISSUE
739 ALL DISEASES OF THE BONES AND ORGANS OF MOVEMENT
799 SYMPTOMS,SENILITY,AND IL L DEFINED CONDITIONS
W
S 800 ALL EXTERNAL CAUSES OF DEATH
>Oo CWTWOD
O
1 0.63 0 0.05 0 0.33 0 0.23 0 0.61
0 0.44 0 1.68 1 0.33 0 1.53 0 1.18 0 0.21
0 0.31 1 0.90 11 1 6 .7 6 0 0.95 6 8,76 1 3.35 2 2.49 0 0.89 0 0.32 1 0.19 2 3.26 0 0.19 0 1.92 0 0.79 0 0.22
0 0.09
0 0.31 1 0.71 4 6.25
1 .6 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 3 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 1.11 0 .6 6 0 .0 0 0 .6 8 0 .3 0 0 .8 0 0 .0 0 0.00 5 .2 5 0 .6 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0.00 0 .0 0 1.40 0 .6 4
0 .0 2 0.00 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 4 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .3 3 0 .0 0 0 .2 5 0 .0 0 0 .0 9 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 7 0 .0 7 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 2 0 .1 7
0 .8 8 7 7 .6 2 1 1 .2 8 1 6 .1 3
6 .0 4 8 .3 8 2 .1 8 1 6 .6 8 2 .4 0 3 .1 0 1 7 .3 9 1 1 .7 8 6 .1 7 1 .1 7 3 .8 5 1 .4 9 1 .6 6 2 .9 0 4 .1 0 1 1 .5 3 2 9 .2 1 2 .2 2 19.31 1 .9 1 4 .6 2 1 6 .5 4 3 9 .3 6 11.71 7 .8 0 1 .6 4
0 .0 3 4 .3 4 0 .0 9 0 .3 3 0 .0 2 0 .0 1 0 .8 3 0 .0 8 0 .6 9 0 .3 9 0 .4 0 0 .1 1 0 .1 8 1 .6 5 0 .2 2 0 .58 1 .0 3 0 .0 0 0 .1 7 0 .1 0 0 .5 0 0 .18 0 .5 1 1 .0 5 0 .1 1 0 .3 5 1 .7 8 0 .1 1 0 .0 6 0 .4 9
w5- ^S" CL CD <D
a> S "D qT o g0: oI 'vaec5 w Q.
CD ^
Z=
3 -a " 0 CD
0--3 ro-^ 3o
CD =>
co ucoi o 0 01
o3
03 >O
o 03
0N3>
03
TABLE 4. OBSERVED AND EXPECTED DEATHS BY CAUSE, STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO (SMR) 95 PERCENT CONFIDENCE LIMITS AND CHI-SQUARE VALUE, FEMALES, CHEMICAL DIVISION.
0 ALL CAUSES OF DEATH
1 ALL MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS
2 ALL INFECTIVE AND PARASITIC DISEASE 9 ALL TUBERCULOSIS
140 CAIICER OF BUCCAL CAVITY AND PHARYNX
149 CANCER OF DIGESTIVE ORGANS AND PERITONEUM I I 9 2 S - APPROXIMATE) 150 CANCER OF ESOPHAGUS ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE) 151 CANCER OF STOMACH
155 CANCER OF LARGE INTESTINE 1 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE) 154 CANCER OF RECTUM 11 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
155 ALL CANCER OF LIVER ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE) 1 9 7 0 a - PRIMARY ONLY 157 CANCER OF PANCREAS ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
H O CANCER OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMAIE )
H I CANCER OF LARYNX ( 1 9 2 5 - , 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMAIE)
H 2 ALL CANCER OF LUNO - PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ( 1 9 2 5 - . I 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE 170 CANCER OF BONE ( 1 9 2 5 - , 1 9 3 0 - , 1 9 4 5 - APPROXIMATE) 172 CANCER OF SKIM 174 CANCER OF BREAST
180 CANCER OF CERVIX U IE R I
(1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
161 CANCER OF CORPUS UTERI 162 CANCER OF ALL UTERUS 163 CANCER OF OTHER GENITALORGANS 184 CANCER OF ALL GENITAL ORGANS
(1950-1969 ONLY) (1 9 3 0 -1 ,6 9 ONLY) (1 9 3 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
186 CANCER OF BLADDER ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
189 CA)(CER OF KIDNEY ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
190 CANCER OF EYE
( 1 950-1969 ONLY ,
OBSERVED EXPECTED 35 5 4 .4 7 11 1 9 .2 6 1 0.64 0 0.17 D 0.27 1 3.60 0 0.14 0 0.41 1 1.59 0 0.33 0 0.32 0 0.68 2 2.89 0 0.06 2 2.79 0 0.07 1 0.36 4 4.97 0 0 .99 0 0.51 0 1.52 1 1.51 1 3.04 a 0.13 0 0.27 0 0.01
OBS/EXP 0 .6 4 0 .5 7 1 .5 6 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .2 8 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .6 3 0 .0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .0 0 0 .6 9 0 .0 0 0 .7 2 0 .0 0 2 .7 9 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0
0 .6 6 0 .3 3 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0
LL 0 .4 5 0 .2 8 0 .0 2 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 B 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 4 0 .2 2 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0
UL 0 .8 9 1 .0 2 8 .68 2 1 .2 9 1 3 .7 0 1 .5 5 2 6 .4 8 8 .84 3 .49 1 1 .0 1 1 1 .4 4 5 .4 3 2 .4 9 6 1 .0 8 2 .5 9 5 4 .9 4 1 5 .5 1 2 .0 6 3 .6 9 7 .2 0 2 .4 2 3 .6 7 1 .8 3 2 7 .3 6 1 3 .5 2 2 7 1 .2 8
CRIST 6 .6 1 3 .1 2 0 .0 3 0 .6 2 0 .2 0 1 .2 2 0 .9 4 0 .0 2 0 .0 1 0 .0 8 0 .1 0
0 .0 5 0 .0 5 3 .2 2 0 .0 3 2 .8 1 0 .0 6 0 .0 4 0 .2 4 0 .00 0 .6 8 0 .0 0 0 ,78 1 .0 0 0 .1 9 1 7 .5 0
Made Available by 3M for Inspection and Copying as Confidential Information. Subject to Protective Order In Palmer v. 3M, No. C2-04-6309
1353.0016
HIIU UI MtK CtNIRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (1925- APPROXIMATE)
191 CANCER OF THYROID
(1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY I
ZOO LYMPHOSARCOMA AND RETICULOSARCOMA (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
Z01 HODGKIN'S DISEASE ( 19<*0-, 1 9 0 5 - APPROXIMATE)
209 LEUKEMIA AND ALEUKEMIA
Z08 CANCER OF OTHER LYMPHATIC TISSUE (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
209 ALL LYMPHOPOIETIC CANCER
210 BENIGN NEOPLASMS
ZAO ALLERGIC,ENDOCRINE,METABOLIC,NUTRITIONAL DISEASES (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY) 250 DIABETES MELLITUS
280 ALL DISEASES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS ( 1 9 2 5 - ,1 9 3 0 - APPROXIM
319 MENTAL,PSYCHONEUROTIC,AND PERSONALITY DISORDERS (1 9 5 0 -1 9 6 9 ONLY)
320 ALL DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS
390 ALL DISEASES OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
393 CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISE AS E!1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
A10 ARTERIOSCLEROTIC HEART DISEASE, INCLUDING CHD ( 1 9 2 5 - APPROXIMATE)
930 ALL VASCULAR LESIONS OF CNS
960 ALL RESPIRATORY DISEASES ( 1 9 2 5 - , I 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE)
ABO ALL PNEUMONIA ( 1 9 Z 5 -,1 9 S 0 - APPROXIMATE)
A92 EMPHYSEMA 1 1 9 5 0 -.1 9 S 5 APPROXIMATE)
A93 ASTHMA ( I 9 Z 5 - , 1 9 3 0 - APPROXIMATE) 520 ALL DISEASES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
531 ALL GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCER
571 CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER
580 ALL DISEASES OF GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM
582 CHRONIC NEPHRITIS
709 ALL DISEASES OF THE SKIN AND CELLULAR TISSUE
739 ALL DISEASES OF THE BONES AND ORGANS OF MOVEMENT
799 SYMPTOMS,SENILITY,AND IL L DEFINED CONDITIONS
W 800 ALL EXTERNAL CAUSES OF DEATH >Oo CWD TWO
TO
a y 0.22 0 0.02 0 0.12 0 0.07 0 0.21 0 0.17 0 0.61 0 0.12 0 0.57 0 0.44 0 o.oa 0 0.11 0 0.32 5 6.50 0 0.35 3 3.48 1 1.27 0 0.93 0 0,33 0 0.13 0 0.07 0 1.18 0 0,07 0 0.69 0 0.29 0 0.08 0 0.03 0 0.11 0 0.25 1 2.03
6.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00^ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77 0.00 0.86 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49
0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
24.85 205.74 30.54 49.59 17.14 21.86
6.05 30.97
6.43 8.24 48.55 33.45 11.48 1.79 10.51 2.52 4.37 3.92 11.24 29.22 54.27 3.10 51.06 5.29 12.86 48.07 111.19 32.34 14.69 2.74
0.34 13.04
1.20 2.45 0.38 0.66 0.02 1.23 0.01 0.01 2.38 1.39 0.10 0.16 0.07 0.00 0.04 0.20 0.09 1.12 2.77 0.39 2.55 0.05 0.16 2.35 6.61 1.32 0.25 0.14