case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 1 of 42
FOR PUBLICATION
UNITEFDOSRTTAHTEESNCINOTUHRCTIORFCUAIPTPEALS
nDNCoeievnnt-ewtprerosorriftfiktyooN;rrPPogBelraaisnotitinhlizctoaiAiftgdfimsoiec-neAaAsrp,lcipcteailo,lannts, v.
UPr.So.tEencvtiiornonDAmegfeeennntdcaayln,t-Appellee, AAAAAARNBMHCCCASSooeorouagmlessssisuudossslsaturtrepoooointatipleinraoochlccccodtamcinnnuiciiiihenuifaaaaeEcslalarerAttttFiCent;lnnbiAiiiiNuevooscoooolCCCdrsimauafennnnrooerhant;;;;FeIoCrrcoelnNNiAWrcononarimpdAiiaaarmmnocltePiuGtettvs;iaaseperosisiiNtrlitrol;nootaotnroieinannftrctdy;rwOe;tyaaiau(noiwe"llnocfnRrPntnoFsiliesaraoarelarnn"smt);;
No. 14-16977 3:11 -CDV.C-0. 0N2o9.3-JCS
OPINION
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
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ED 002061 00107999-00001
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA
fPFRFCCorooooicrirtoueeaeFnnpFsteodcteoroissdladC,oetoIofarnifvunatFFeendtarasicvro;rSeimNlhnmns;ae;oeOWlartr-tirnDoaeedneAsrgfha;poeUilpnnnedSiglaaAltennoetsssn-.
JAopsepfpeoahrltChfr.eoSNmpoetrrhtoeh,eUMrnnaiDgteiisdsttrSraittcaetteJosufdDCgiaesl,tirfPiocrretnsCiiadoiunrgt ArgueSdananFdraSnucbismcoit,teCdaMlifaoyrn9ia, 2016
Before:aKnidmCMarcloLsaTne. BWeaa,rdClairwc,uiRt iJcuhdagredsA. . Paez, Filed February 2, 2017
OpinionDibsyseJnutdbgye JRuidcghearBdeAa. Paez;
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 3 SUMMARY*
Environmental Law distrTichte cpoaunret'ls adfifsimrmisesdalinofppalrat,inatnifdfs'recvlearimsesd airnisipnagrt,frothme tPi(nh"rEgeoirStreeAdccit"eii)otnintzsewAnhagensendunictpyiteasvltliireocegligaidnitesegtdeprterhtodhadetuccEthetnsredtaawiUnnig.tSeh.proeeudEsttniScvuipindredoeceniremtsaaeckntAiitnvacgelt tcShoeenrvUsiucnletiat"et)id.oSntwatietshFthisehNanatdioWnailldMlifaeriSneervFiicsehe(crioelsleScteirvveilcye"atnhde jmSeeoorpdvTaiifcrhydeeizEtaeoSelAeinsndtrseaeudnqrgeuesirprteehesdactifaeentsdhd'eeritcarhrlridetaiaicgstaecelnrnecehtidieaosbsnpiattoearcyt.iceoasnc, tsTiouohrlnetaswdFvdieetohdrsenetrhloayelt wIinnigstehrectdthiiceeindotesb,laFignuadntigpoiencsittdioceirdaenegdipsrRtoeodrduaecnntdsti.rceidreegAisctetrcpheasrgtiecsidteheacEtPivAe riitnrdeigelginrgePetfeidlfraiwieieendnidtttith.fhffoesWeuEarfcriPctahhaAmtece'esalgdacodihtmruhitepiyrsetcytseoot-nifocctnaeiodgernieensfnuagacilclyttuoiuvarnneced-totiieoonnr-ngecSsroeepwndcesihtseuiitonlcitncth,icd7pale(allaliaem)ia(gnc2sett)idiffvoofleysrf the ESA, and these comprised the sub-claims.
*This summary constitutes no part of the opinion of the court. It has been prepared by court staff for the convenience of the reader.
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idenCtiofinecdetrhneinEgPpAla'sinistsifufasn'cceaotefgtoheryRoenreegissutrba-tciloanimEsli,gwibhiliictyh ruDtoaapaheslnnneeseqrdeeocuipeaioisitshrgardhuiteeneo,oebmlnerno-sdlcceskteylithtnamahpeftisausfmoledata,br-nistballthiteanhwahcdriagerenEnteeroStnwe2dgotAc8iehpocynercrUeSaoeroje.curapemSa,tncrei.liotadprCsilsnlodys.cy,niihoxcdtemhwt7-ir2isyeeomi4mcet,pn0hlaeitaaa1rshninls(meltteaheysml)pdteb,arhluatbaaaeuEisriyplstnrtdSeepettcdhlitdAiofhe.eofama'sdsffdtS.tpaiaeplpslllriyTeltlrmercotchiwghicicaefetetiteiadtecpdcthEgaiaoutoloPnhturlhnryeaaAryesl,tlt jrtauhenrevdiiscedRowioncdttieineosntnthetaideclipcfdiroenouavArlitscooitro,fdneaasrnp.odpefaathlpselawFieintdtheiifrnfaml6I0nussdetacfytisilceoidafetp,heFetuietninogtnircyifdooerf
paalfelfseitrgCimceoidedndtcehte'hasrtenrtiedhngiegsistErtpirPlcaaAttiicno'ostniucfcrfotson''sntiscdntaiiusttemeugdtieosddrsiyasalcgtorweefnotaicolylsnucaabarct-ytecigcolaoonirn,myttrshtow,elwoophafsunithcbehel calcatiimonstbheactawuoseultdhetryigfgaeilreda Stoecidtieonnti7fycoannsauflftairtmioant.ive agency
Concerning plaintiffs' category three sub-claims, which wafaolcalrtesiogasneid,mstpthpheelacyptifataihncfeealpEchteP,esAtalidnc'dstihdctaehotemtahrcepetfliocevroteiemoniiptnlogceforteipuodelndisetonnicftoittdhweterairrsgeergreeaegngriissSatterrgaacetttniiiooocnnny t7hcreoenssuulbta-ctiloanim. sT. he panel affirmed the dismissal of category
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 5 allegCeodnctehrantintgheplEaiPnAtif'fss'acpaptreogvoarly ofofuirndsuivbi-dculaailmps,eswtihciicdhe prtcaThegrohraorueetedrgteputhid'acssotntsrsdeeawiwltsciimroatleahsnimismawsantasanhlaswedgoeaeefndrndaeafcilsofblyftracriarirafccmrutetteriadogtthnobicev,oryreytuthpahrfertgoeoeupccntraeohcneslayleudtalbiatnrec-epgcrtvialseoal.esnirtami,stctebsaid.udcettkThddehiposedarciogptsrdratiernnuieeeccd.ltt of thJuedmgeajBoeriatydiospseinnitoend,inbuptardt.issJeundtgeedBferoamagtrheeedcwonitchlumsioosnt ptodhrniasomtdttuhihsceestascE.laPotJeAfugtd'ohsgreyepcfraoiBtoueregraosaurpywbp-forcoouluavlridamslusaobfw-ffcierltrmaheiemntosph.teeasticdcoiisldltaeritscetrianlcaotthutaorcts'kes
COUNSEL PDPCSloteiaevrniptentlheratsairnfindtffyios,e-,rAOSPBparaiepnorgeelFoonllgrntaai;n(cnataJcsruli.gssDucteioinvd,e)CA,rsaCuiltgieyfun,ostrCetniriniraecf;o,lerCCPBoeilinnloeetltesotr,egMifAcoaidrnlknBDienisiosvolGeotargis;eiicfstyoae,r,l AMAsncsnNiasetaiKln,attasneAdlatsEtol(rlanernegyuJe. dGD),eunKrkeerevaeli,;nAMEttconArvnirredoylnes;,mBJeonrhitdnge&Ct . KCNernauntdueerdnay,l RWeassohuirncgetsonD, iDvi.Csi.o,nf,orUDneitfeedndSatnatt-eAspDpeelpleaert.ment of Justice,
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
DRoavgeidr HB.. MWikesinadb,erWg il(eayrgRueeidn),LRL.P,SWteavsehninRgitcohna,rDds.Con.;, Saentdh WLIGnuotanelsdrqhvbuieeninsrgtgo,tro-aCnDn,rdeoDfweC.neCyldl.na;tn&hKtisai-MrAsLotpe.rpniTnelgaLlua.LbnN,tLsaP.St,theaWpntosaosehni&nagnJtdoonhT,nhsDoo.mnCa.L;sLfRPo.r,
OPINION PAEZ, Circuit Judge: ((""FEIPTFAhRe"A)F"e)wdiectrhhaalrgtIhneessectohtbiecliidgEean,tvioFirnuonngtmoiceindrteeaglaisnPtderroRteoacdntdeionntriecArideggeeiAsntcecyrt ptcAhaecassttetii,otchnitedhNeeEeaPCtcwAetinovvtreekioriNlnfaoogterrrtedhBdtiiAheoenmlotEsegnriaicdcnaaadln(DpgceeoisrvletleiedcrcsitSdiitvpeyeeplcayrino,edsd"CutAhcBcetsDt.P1(""e)EsIatnSilclAteihdg"iees) wpehsetinciidtereprreogdiustcetrsewd ictherotuatinunpdeestritcaikdiengacctoivnesuilntgatrieodniewnittshatnhde1
For e1xampTleh,ethpeartSieescoanndd tAhme ednisdterdictCcoomurptlatrianntsupsoesse tsheeveterarml FsIF"aRcAtivteerms. i"ningsreecdtiiecnidt"esa,ndhe"rpbeicstiidceisd,esfu" ningtiecridchesa,nrgoedaebnlytictoidreesf,erfutomcihgeanmtsic, aalsndusoetdheasr pt"oaenstthyiecsiudebnessdt,-"aunbsceuert ipotrruosmdeusixcttthu.erep7hoUrfa.sSseu.C"bp.straondc1ue3cs6t"s(uci)notn(entnaoditneinidnggtoapeppsertesivtcieicdniedt,se"dmteosatryreofbyee,r rtvuahe.cspateEitedvPlFe,tAhIoiFe,nrRgt6merA5reimdtFaiig.slesan"Sotpteu"iepnatspotnte.iyrcr3ecipdfdheeeasr7,nt"t4)go."2ept,shSr7eotihm4dco7uhislceae(mtNr,lt"ye.iDcr,aman.tlhdsCce.o"adpmlC.iespts2rttor.0iiucf1conit4drdc)e.oBthpuiWarorottldeoginuiguvtciesectre,sac"lah"rDpapenaeeivssgsoteteiirncacsiibiniddltgeyey its effect, and we use "pesticide product" to refer to the end-user product.
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 7 NSeartvioicneal(cMolalericnteivFeliysh, e"rtihees SSeerrvviiccee"a)nads rtehqeuFirieshd baynd16WUil.dSl.iCfe. rpCceoeBr1sne5tDsgi3uci'6islsdtt(araeat)itp(oi2lrona)onwd(w"supEuictriSthotsActoeihnssSeseectSnootdeiforavnrnpeige7cqsee"utriioecrrrdeeidg"oeSatrrehdtacehictnritoegiEvanPett7ehAn"ei)en.digtmoTrsehppdeaeuiccenoitndbetesojse.rfctaattknhodeef rpercoovWnisceiiolenmsthueostfdidtshepecairdEaetSeAtlhimraenietdatciFooIrnFesRpiAsesruifoeodsr.s caintFidizrjesuntr,isswduiiectstimotnhuaasltt ruwitcdahnechneeeqgtatdieurlmoecelrironemrdutnelsailsiedgakntbnetbeedeytysrSetwhatEcehlehiacSedeantAEeittdoEthPawnSePcArpehA7kce'epcstdstlitohtaoohfineiaccnanrstiittrld7uaiuiteflnnwrrtfeiaeysgh.tpigeatooronleofnlredrCceweguodBrecinedttDtgshshui.a'etslsnhtteyeEcwrlSSPiaanifeeiAtgfmhrciv'orpssmitnechadoseaert,b.teiiclSAvibiwgeedanraeervdatriagieotcmchednetniiurbvctadsoyeys,t rtfoearveoaOgrminsoetfrneatdahtcieohtonEoPfoaAdtfhd.2epsefeTsathccitecosircdeotehuiasrpstt,ruowehdsoou,wuctlhetdsve,eddra,ielstmgthrrooiacunntgstetchrdoautCaerfBtfitrDrhumalletaedtaitvvhineee raaaetngtqaeaulcnyekcsssyet,osanhocoprtwircoiooennvrsceR, lreu,wrsteeihogreenissdtn.risaoCtttriBiocsnDtimEcdopleiulgcyriltbinieimlenidttpyeetrDoremdeamciasissefiinibondlnae.lsA'jcu(ot"dRlCglaEmBteDDerna"'s)tl
2 The district court DCilaviemrssityfo,r6R5 eFl.ieSfuthpipr.ty3-dtwaot
a7thl7sr2oo.udgiTshmhosiessvseeecdnltayini-mfposaurrat.r,ewCnitotrht.ofauottrisleBsauivoeelointgoitchaaimsl end,
appeal.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
ufanidluerreF-teod-ecroanl sRuultleColafiCmivsifloPrrRoceelideuf.reC54B(Db)tfiomretlhyeathpipretya-leodn.e
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A. rE2Ce0Pt7qr1A.u,3C1fior6BWehrUDmaLBd.Sefi1no.ifCl7tleao2.idinlg9eai5idct7csa13itl5too,iD3nza6egticv(no*oaei4ms)nr(us(gpciNiotltiyy.nniDnvsvw..uodCElliitvtsaahPettlrmA.iiotcA,hentNenprcertoo.qEw.u2uSri12ittArl,h-ea2c'ml3sl0ve81e-g2c0n3io0n)tpn);2ge,ss9su1ett3hi5lect-a4aJiEtd0tCSit(eohSgAsne)., Bp(dcriiisoottvilrzoiiecsgintioccnsaousulirtDrtpeihgrvaoeadvrrjdsiusiitinryoigs,nd)2c.i0ci1ttRii3zoeenlWnyoiLnvsgue1irot7tsnh,2e9tCh5aeBl7l3eEDg,SeaAadts'c*ssle1ajr4uitm;eridss1.d6tihCcUatti.rtSo.fn.toChare.l AtSoeltceh1rno5eftu4oa0grrc(hyget)oCa(1nBp)yeD(r["EfTofSrhrAamem]dsepiudsrctorhtvihciaetscictoConouorromtdrsuprstelhyagaiu.nlll.tah.taai.so"v)ne,a,jn1uo5rrei4stn0odf(iogocr)rtc(di3eoem)nr(Aet.h.n)e..t pacdcheetscaitiloislcneiiondnguesenpddrueotnhrddeuetchrEtesPF,AIEtFh'SsReAAfE,inP. aAitlsIpinseSssuettehcicsteiiodanceRopEu7rrDosecdfluaoocirmtfersareecrrheeegfpgfieesisctsrttteaiicvrtiiieondlngey active ingredient included in the pesticide product.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
9
filedTahemEotPioAn atonddiIsnmteisrsvefnoorr(s13) (fcaoillulerecttiovesltya,te"aDcelfaeinmdaunntdse"r) DDt6aacaShnnl5oeiileddvnsecFmeEgts.irt(eSoiSiis3dsntnAiu)ustvtypi,t7honle,p((aalg^22a.vct))03ket(thl1`dm2haae3o)ecg7efke4ConW"n2tEAfoocL,tfmP7ryhotsA5ei1puvca27lbelEcar2ejr(etiSe9NnitocIaA5t.IatniD7Iwn.lm'"3l.sis,aCstthoaCtuaoatntnbeftllrg.d*jre.eo2ij1atnufchi.v0ontgree1irg.Isst4ntoedB)odiiCi(itccosaespttocmmlireCoonr.seepgnsotftnuhiioimuccdolaritna,spndadillatteBsaiheDrsoiioyre,nonimFvtlcd,oeIwoiiuFtrgCsntnhsRteiBtridcidrtiAcaoeDyc)hr.,,ltl bmvTiccaCn.ocoahtavrtnuneUit.ocrsotft.edlu)nSov,rfil.asterbtjatumhuFyrtBlariioteocititehsonrtndwdeeltc.o"isCoocEtguIutBPiiidSrlcsoDA.tdeanrh,aln,nfvetoDaoielscsrd*cttieafe1vrt,anese0ehisdqr.6nlaisiiu8ottnnia1iTut"ggrtyge[eh,,tFmdheoac2.j3bno0acetddyln1oorles3euKt1ugrhdta0tWlereitr0isaaagu6Lcstlngisktroayoee(1ntTtr9au7iartofwt2hdifEenb9idirSaeCt5ormhrAe7oifyras3t.flscht,iiCeoSme2vadnae0etiSctlt1sraia*et2fouigtro8o)ilbveor-njian1n(necnec0iecsadn7y.,.t bdamuirteecrnetdesededrCvceBodDmrpteolsaoailnlultet.igoeSneaeosfpidet.hceiafstiec*ai1sf2sfui-r2em2s a. utinvTteihleaCcdtBibsDytritfchitelecEdoPuaArnt
regis3trants Asuncucmesbsefurlloyf pmeosvtiecdidetoacitnivteerviennger.edieInnttearvnednopresstiicnicdleudperdoduct MCSorioudpthALeimrfneeCriArcomapCePrrirocopad,LuicRfteieoAsnpsAosnosscsioibacltieiaotniIon, ndA,umWstererysicteafmonrFPaalarmnStoHBueunardeltahEuAnFvsesirdooecnrimaattiieoonnnt,,, NNAaamttiieoornnicaaallnACCllohitaetnmocniestCoryfoFCuonorcueinls,ct iONl,waNtniaoetinrosa,nlNalCaAtoiguornnicacilulCltouofrmaFl GAarrvmoiwaetreiorsCnAAoossspsooeccraiiaatittviiooenns,,, NFeadtieornaatilonP,otWatoasChionugntcoinl, FOrrieegnodnsiaonfs FfoarrmFsooadndanFdoSrehsetlst,er,anUdSAReRckicitet Benckiser LLC. Reckitt Bensicker later withdrew.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
tahllaetgewdopueldstitcriidgegearctSiveectiinognre7diecnotnssourltpaetisotincidfoerperoadchucotsf. tIhde. at *10.
ntCdCChoeoBBeftmiDDSnmppiu''rtosslobeatapsiAisloenetlqmnaert.lutg,4yeeeatmnnthridIeteoenlesnyndpdt,sroiuewCsCnsntepdorBdiromceeDtntroptsRoclefatoou,ihilulvneeeDratdtAge1wafu2amega(enersehae)dne,nea"dfaddvntesyatasdwsgme4uirmCtb3tehii7onoga-mgvDupneoptaeddhuglfaaeseaitf.nmnotdARhtrbaeumbinaygletieusccnmnoaogdtuuouheossrladdnee"t bttCac[[hraDfheiBenfgcaeidDaglrCfl]mueeeonsrn[atemedtogt]diaiehpvtnecleEtftaolsaSaai]inasrfAlitgeftmfa.idey"rnSanmtdyoceiiatycnsstftgipaivoa,ieaercnsclltltyiaieafo7cgyteuntavswctsteaiomholnomuinucsfasuushlttsielmattaaafwnltifbsidtihoaoremetnieat.ochaxpnltepepisTrvlaeaoehratilorenryajecuoacdtinrssodissubetetdhhrnyrtietatctithoaftfiieraeo"dfcdEa[neetcPr].ihesoaA.ode.fl
wa7lelceioggInnhesdtuyrlteth4sae6pti4opo-nrnpes.acegiDseteoeSfaeectnhctdieooannndcstosAbuayrmgtt'aehsinendoEmerddPoeACvr,eotdhmCatBpot lDradeiiqnsfutmi,ilreiiesnddswfaSohneriocclttahihoceinkrt uofsotpfauotsrunutbbewajesohcefitsclhmifmoarrietttladeitrieisofjmuncrisoissusbdaladilcr.rtbeieoFdnigrasrantan,yndDtcefhedoaf.rellnfeDadniaeglunfeertsentodtaoarangstRutsaeEtdiedDetahniasctistlfauitiehemdde jrpduererripieosrgrdiivtisocitnrtJiagoatninouatnhal repydroe2dvc0iii,sss2itioro0innc0st5,m.7caSUodeue.cSrot.naCdf.to,eftrh1ejn3yuo6ratinirsc(gdaeui)ce-ta(dibnot)dhn,actcooFfnomItrFrmoRlelaAennd'tys.,
4The original Complaint was a mere thirty-four pages.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
11
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wRCBeellDliTeaofsfirgnafuamtihcdieeeldiStoaetuthcereoodnuitdshrcAiruotmswys-enioonnnadeneoadfflyaCtishloiuesmr,edpw-iltsaeotir-nbicctro.tinecsfoluyultretxC'spllarauiimlninshgofoawsr
FcaotreEgeoaaccrihhespceloasfitmic`aidcgeeennatcecyrtisvaeocntiinoognnrsee'dpwieehnsittc,ichCidBaelDlaecg"teiiddveleyntiintfrg[iigreegsde]irefnothut.er5 BbEoeniPoleoAl,ow'tgs,wicwdoau,eltyDtrheirtvfeoeeerr,cstoiootnyrse,ufa6loc5tuhFur".onSdfsuetuhprbep-[s.cSe3lJadecimcaatttieo7gfn5oo5rr7.ire(eIasnl)i(aeo2sfu)..ra"d"TiscChcaeuttres.gsfoiofoournyrr RcCaEatteDeggooorrriyeasomnaerenesdiuedbde-ncRtliaEciaDml"sfoaidsreaanlntlifatyhgie"rnttyhc-eyoEnaecPtAiCo'lnsa,iimsasnsudafnpocrroeRvoeidflietehfea.
5 Those active ingredients include: 1,3-dichloropropene, 2,4-D, salts caeanthrdboeapsrrytoelpr,s,c,hMalcoCerPopAthha,atleso,anlatilsla,cachnhldloorer,psatyetrrriasf,zoismn,eed,tihbaozeimnnsyoulnl,i,dmdei,ectbaomrloabmcahaaldonirdolasonanldtes,i,sdcoaimuprteoarnns,,, pmeentdriibmueztihna,lnina,ledp,hooxraytdee,mpehtoonsm-meet,thpyrlo, poaxnyifll,uoprrfoepna, rpgairtaeq, uSa,tSd,iSc-htlroibriudtye,l phosphorotrithioate, thiobencarb, and trifluralin.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
dCaatteegoonrywthwicoh stuhbe-cElPaiAmsissaulleedgethtehaRtEthDe oErPaAm'esn"dceodnitti.nuIedd. iqdfdaCo[niagauifnagscteo[atcetrpnetilrealvgecefydtesyooti,itiorreioycnnicanwniatctdamhg'httersierreyao]eeganrnpcedonk.orirdpssoenyurnodptobrmtueIfdo-]doscc"uli.tutlticaatrcrentiei(isdmdridrsne)eeuis.tgarnbeepnaivEr-sglrncotlaoirealalscaadvglgthtirueeiemaomcsqnttunsthiuc'eocasyofnnh]atottaltrrslwaihteen[uiceagogabtt]iisenh"-os[EcitncssrltmPp.oaah[eimtApaamictoerp'ikssInfpltdtise"hccir.ctoo]eeciovmpddo(mii"ee.npdnEssiaeltttteeAPictsicertttAinuintidovdhdat)'neeees.l, rrtadace[heuapoinatercltpuaheietnlrrRiegsyotvgriEzvesbfetoDoaetridlirnnagsmtgaowtiDhnoerrohee-neafwbde.fmfnaie[oierptneuInhrtenddherts.dad]ectc"neiaacEdttc(itoesiPdeo'RngrgeAntomE]oesjrutrrDyoaipinrtetp--iruaoisspooltnderdnoaeqoiuncfauvtsctdnosoeiutousdtdbadanbgi-ticeas-cisecmaoollmnllacnnyaciihitsimysammsspibesa,nsaead--citrsrnthskrtaigetioeeslhcpldnieado[.dthaarimei]asinsrttisdprettpuyiCtrlcepeyao-ttdsornr.dot.)ncciu.vceeoTcfiiuoddhtIao'rneeressft BclgioemionuilertotragatcilioocnansslcixDlpu-eyidvreeieaodrrdstifhtsoytaar,ttS6ub5eteeccFtai.oouSnfsue7plictpmhh.eai3tladEletSianotAgn7ess5d,6ofi-eto5swr7on.cuoilTvtdihplaerpoadpvcilistyditoretihncesat tcshtoainrttutyat-einooendfeliainmll2eitg8aetUido.nRSs.E,CDt.hsew2c4oer0ue1rt(tiadm)e.tee-Irbdma. riarnteed7d5.6t6h.IadtA. fpifptelyeinnogftthhaet
6 These were the fourth, eighth, tenth, fourteenth, sixteenth, sfoevuretnht,etewnethn,tye-isgehvteeennthth, ,twniennettye-eenigthh,tthw, tehnitryti-estehc,oanndd, tthwiretnyt-yf-itrhsitrCd,latiwmesntfyo-r Relief.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
13
jurisNdeicxtti,otnhefcoorurtht etursniexdteteonwchaettehgeorrtyheroenwe assusbu-bcljaeicmt ms atthteart rpprtc(fCoeeAcleroamviosmFtimivtamaeIiteicmFiwissnroiiRdcieoncoeAwdn'naf.,ase'onsac7rmnetCmIUidyBoioot..n`timS""rersre.iddmeCnTg")sge.;oh)p'inx.evse,ttsecrr1ec5riiafcn3eoI4tianie6uc5obdnrAjnltuFa(uymapr.cna3)i.pocsd-idln(tdneyibBtiocrie1c)nlinF,r1turgsittI9ddowhF0tenehRFi,danCacIAle1Ftootpd1,huRnfr9'ao[rsoAt3ttlehwvlrr'oebeis(viswy9eataihtcsjownhuoaanceruntsCiynrhseseoee.idd]rt.vi.itsc.Cc.Ehu2teaiBPb0FotajAD0neteInh8ddac''de).ss.lt Ap(c7osf1oauhu5cf0prbabt68tipljlRho-2leil5eceyn-ecn78litcingNc3;moegeofmesa(.uet9tmwreUttttCehhoeFUreotrnrjCWkfnut. ipirfNEar'tisoe.eps.Prrddp2irAAoie0eBFcmad1a'taisl"sio0.sroo,)l,fmnonap7(algie9o"lnnWsis8vTcgdtwe/iaoFFcrtrilwIiht.ktdT3Dhheehe"dierrien)evs;rr8feteeshovs0rma.eers9fpeeiE,aeeteiytxPra8tny,uic1lAitslln6i1ue,oo5gddsn5(eIisF9ev9ntitret.xe2hhsrrtajSmeeuFtCuesr.iPponi3iintrspueda.dC.sglti2aitl1hco3iac0c0ttdnik1ii8mosde5t0a)nodes).t, BiasnunevbdcojaecluvcostemedmmRaaelEtlnteDt,rostjfhuthertaihsdteditsihctrerteiimcoEtnPac.iAnoiuniCrsgttsrud. ecifsdaomtreaigfsBtoseierroydalotpohgneeicremiaoldsfDouorbifv-lcaenlcroasktiiimtcoyes,f 65 F. Supp. 3d at 756-57.
CBDTh'se cdatiestgroicryt ctwouor--t t"hceonntianduderdesdseisdcraentidonraerjyecctoedntraolll"--of rts7oeu5tb8etr-.ncitgliaTgoienhmre"os.fctdhoieuIsrdcEt.rPeretaAiatos'nso7an5cre7oyd-nc,5so8ulna.lttrragoteiTlolihynseniwnecciolteihunsrsettahwreryuiSlbteheudrtoviutinhcrseaue.tfnf"iIcbd[tia.]enhnacett boepionniognoiinngK, aCrBukDTmribues,t tahlaletgaelthaonuagfhfiarfmfiartmivaetivageeancctiyonasctcioann
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
panedstimciadien'tsairneignigstrdaitsicornetiisonnoartysucfofnictireonlta. nIdd.inavto7l5v7e-m5e8n. t in a
ptia7oshrn5proae8eadNef-crua5--taecci9tcxtte.t.utrh"g,leeoatTrIhrredchyeg.opeidtameshticstsrprot7etialru5ceeti8riictdotsi.touenccTnboo"a-hnuoiccescrltfaitlncpvuidoomeediutssesitracdni.tnucgtisIthardhdseefee.afrddtiepairfetmcaronoon7ratd5mde--tu9irdpvc.esiletjseuermatbecic-ortitceesnldosgaeoifaisdmafltlrnapsacyl.eltaissttotheoIindgicrr.toift;dyoraiye-rtt
pifaccalsiontooemuy7sunartin5rsFit--tucca9iaanlita-tdirftag6aoeefelrt0inrglireey.osopmeg,nrradAiayo.nsttdnwthdifrvIuaeoaidalecttuy.thtitdrszoaaa,Ciignctsnsek7Butg7orneb6DiUcftdc-0hyctp.a.etSlehaaRc.ssaHicCottmEtatiu.oictpDoruwiettndt'hseeesa1ttavaihgt3pdcenao6ridrfatdov,earledeelt-ytlrh1rsusipnse(gewcgreisgtnocd)iseot(gdo--hr2ruusrCi)cecnrs(EtBorCtuentSabrD)ghecl,-Asierc'lstosuelhtasgsSrehitaiciemaoestacdtintltuosrtdiesia.stnogettwtsrniohIoiaoordacn7ys.ttff baccnlaoarnrircmiefldyup.sweiIrohdmn.aistasntsie7cbwo6ln4ea.tcacoiTtnilohleanedtsecbroiayunlrtathttgehtareEacnPktRAeodE,naDCtsh,BiedDedRfelEremoDamovneaasntntodraaalttyhmesedeeresnftdaohnrtadoet pfdoeersctlpiicnuierdpdeotpsoreosadmouefcntSdr.eecretigoinstr7atcioonnssuclotantsitoitnu.tedIda.naatg7e6n4c.y aCctBioDn
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 15 oneFthorlloouwgihngtheirnttyr-yonoef apfuirnsaulajuntdgtomRenutleon54C(bla)i,mCsBfDor tRimeleileyf appealed.7
II. A.
1.
We begin with a brief description of the relevant aspects BDhfocgo1eoai5ffuevdbn3bfifeeslis,eodtr.eedaate1rhntlevr8sodrs,5eatafah'g'al'ne)(en.e1agWndEn9geciIdS7erilittedean8Adrslnac)ie;cgifsatfeehoeplsn,seiered.ecec"ecv5tdoFise5eanITs1s"lFsaseaupRotnnhlrcdUtnAiaNoo.w.t.nSratsiVpih.tttTcuyarh'liherlo6oAlpaetue4hvotyss4eEeessn,reAdS'Sen,etAudh6ecitor5enihsvs1.fesi`ippoHpcevarneke.(oircs2mtbmHti,0oteyaoie0bslreC7lyypB,n)oraums4ronnuei3(tglidrqe"ds7erHcuseetiitUtsroorhhssaimn.eennStvsiiogderr..' StdchrwiirsteeciaceretatetHlinoohendamabreisytpCaetha.ccaitepi1sot,e6nrsoUo8rf.SdCao.dCmv.nteyorsst.ef1joley5ro3amp6aG(oardr)d;eiifazsyeteOeaera.nl,lid5ssao1tne5dgBUears.bepSdbe.ic6tait8en7vsd.,'
A4aaTsn8ged7wcehnhfF7scoe.W.yr3tI,hdfenea5c6rri0l.e9,au9v7rc6iFe,el5a.6wt33oi9md9dFset1i.(as30n9tbd9eotha5var,1oCrc0e1idl0rd1ai.0s0ib2m,m0y01i(0usa097ps0tsa)oh5t;lansCRt(ufw9aiotretth.rhtillo2ceaC0fhscl0nikirrm7a.eo)kli.2fietea0sfuCt1ibmo1oj)naea;lscy..KtvbmJa.eohUahglt.etnrSeas.rvno.jEtnuenGrdvvi,o.stldnLa.iszucPawctrlieeooenstln.,lt activ8itiTesheorEpSroAg'rsamresguolfaatinoynksinddefainuetho"raigzeendc,yfuancdteiodn, "ortocarirniceldudoeu t".a.ll. by Federal agencies in the United States." 50 C.F.R. 402.02.
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
i6m92ple(1m9e9n5t)i;ngKraerguuklaTtiroinbse,b6ro8a1dlFy.3cdonasttru1e02"0a.genTchye aEcStioAn'"s tmo4o0idn2icf.i0lcu2ad(tecio),nlisacsetownsteihlnelgalsaan"ndad,ctwpioaentremsrd,itiotrirencagtilryp."roorIgdirn.admir4se0,c2t5l.y002c(Cadu.)Fs.i.nRg.
rt"iomewajpiselCaoodcnpoltiasnafb.ersdluKeailgztaaaeerntniuadocknilpeiTsrsarutleitldbodoeewdns, pest6te8aaecl1grtimeeeFrnsin."nc3aiedoetirswvaittehtoss1e"0dthh2rtaoae0bwria(t[cvaaoitontn,ii]ndatghantcedhTtoieu"osxtrneoptleiehisdraIterlsiismnlkeatefinofuldyylf ERAt3cas1ipog4mne0gene0sv8eecntst6noliuFc.ecnrlty.sotai.L3,e1tdaoasi2odorwcm9(nertc9i6torCuett9ihnosrNtt,mritCc.e9irraistieevn7wlrv.i.4en"hoi2Ueioar(0twwnbk.i91Sagiht.5tthtoeeav)hFtit,.Cehn,occ"iegierroNrra"re.natnas,sca2toduttdn0'riSIleyott0ehann"3roMticsavi)esoo)c.dae".,ntm,ria,7aoit1pAng8n3talee9hen7pntempeFScaFl.eia..gi"e3iaeyCsesdsrhntl.mieaCc1ew2fryus0ofi9h'tee7sts3etcst5pott(d,oihn2nusSe1lw0istiert0y1sioirb8ta6oveat6lt).odnede.,, wtf5ho0hermCetS.ahFele.rRrvct.oihcnees4pu0rmlo2taup.1tsoi4tos(enapd)r.weagpWheaenrhneceynsauafoccbhtrimiooanalol"dgcaeoifctnfeaesrlcumtlsotianpthtaiinetoiinosopnnisecriaiseedqsvmuoiiasrriednidetgs., clS1ir6seitrteUivcdi.acSles.pChcea.ocbniiectsal1ut5.id"n3e6sj(eHbtoh)op(am3at)re("dAtByh)eu;oi5lard0geaerdCnsvc.,Feyr.5Rsa5ec1.ltyioUmn4.S0ow2.d.oi1afut4yl(d6hi5t)ps2)l.ac(crcIeiifttiittcnhhageel halat1be5irtn3aa6t,t("ibv)te(hs3e")(SAtoe)r;tvh5iec0epCmr.oFup.sRots.pedro4av0ci2dti.eo1n4".(rhea)I(ds3o.)n)(.acbitliengan1d6pUru.Sde.Cn.t
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2.
pprt(eT1hedsee0oegtess2xaifttuF4isbiiicccnts,IlrsiieiFiaddsn,1RCtheegi0seoAoa3psanla0"ecr,ploa,t.rri,(ccdeaov9t4ournveite1mvchdig3dteispnileCs.arFgstbieirr.nrh3eaae.Wgletddicirn2inaoeoeas0sgndmntih0,vito.1e5psaefn0)rnT;pa3etdo"nh0epsxcsd;ereitanaocseipnncsecsiecidee7vdsCedeaetluoiU"llcrarasapei.etocleSdig.stose.i1uCtvnvil.peUca.foroitEi.ofdoSnrrPderg.eyC"uArgt)cesh.,1.itdsce3s4tih.6re1ea(1nF3maEt3tWiI)so6PF,eFaanaAR.fs(-3nouhodA'dd)s.r;f NEmsaW1uu0Poaibt3srAh.mo0ko.n'Peisrettiu.aztbmpha.7tpeaiIiroynrUontvsr.eeSeabrlgl.velC,ifeso7.ontrrrUoaedrt.iSi1isovn3.t.Cnrt6irMb.aoa;updotpuWre1tlc3iiaaiec6nsraphag,te.(ias5oaT)t0ni,o1cpsaxiendtUisocdet.siStmcph.Ciredao5onedE9auup7Plfc.,raA,toc64wdt01auui1n3rtcedht(rFo1sot.uo93bmt9dtttau1hhias)nee.tt
As part of the approval process, the EPA conducts an H(ae9nnetavahlidyrowCsiniasrmt.eer2tnsh0,taa0Itln1cc)o.cs(voqt.snuTsaoaintdlideennrgbsteInSrreatifhvgieetastiOoo"funetrhcDeoEinuscotso.me,s2oyi4csf3,taenFmy.ss3opdcevi5.sat2liC6ci,ld5aaer3nk.2d", P7aTn4aha7raaltygFssr.ita2sap,dtuhtt1e5h2erp4er0qo,EuvP1iirdA2ee4ms8emthn(9uetstshftporlClcooiovrwn.idisn1eidg9de8:ir4n))7w. UhIa.nSt .Ccao.rnedu1kc3nt6oianw(gcn)t(h5aa)st.
rTdeehsteterrimc[EtiiPonAness] itmshhapat,ollswerdehgeuinsntdecerornassiupdbeessreteicdctiidowenithi(fd)a[nioty]f this section-
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
p(Aro)piotssecdomclapiomsistifoonr iist; such as to warrant the
bt(hBei)ssuistbusmblacibhtteaelpditnecgro;amnpdlyotwhietrhmthaeterreiqaulirreeqmueirnetds otof
w(eCniv)thiroiotuntmwuienlnlret;apaseonrndfoarbmle aitdsveinrsteenedfefedctsfuonnctitohne
(ageDnnedvn) iewcrrooahnmlelmynmeuonscnte.alduysirneeaccoacgdonvriedzraesndecperewafciftteihcctews iitdweosnipllrentahodet
pr7eefrUqfoeud.cSiutr.sceCtmo.dneone1tthss3e,6n9atoeh(tnce)"vE(ii5nrPo)cA.nreIm"afssethehnaettl"hlEeraPenrgAidisskdtseeaortte"firstumfhniaeirntsepeatesshsotethniacaPitbadalreeappgearrsdoatvdipceuhircdste5e. 7 U.S.C. 136a(c)(3)(B)(i)(I), (c)(5).
"rerIengi1s9te8r8,. .C.oenagcrhesresgpiasstesereddlepgeisstliactiidoen[dpirroedcuticntg] tchoenEtaPinAintgo
9 The EPA's final pesticide product registration or reregistration ddSeeetcceitrsimoioninn7ere. qifuFtihroeersbethexenameefxpitelserc,oisfFeIaFopRfaAargtiecrneucqlyauridrpiesescsrttehicteiiodnEePwpAirtohtdionuctghtaeothumetwreaedniaignthagiottosf "m(cea)c(yo5n)d(oCemm)i;co7,nsUsot.rcSai.taCel,. tahnad1t3e6tnh(vbeibr)o".ncomInsetssno"tmaloecfocisartcsup."mars7titcaUun.lcSae.rsC,.pEeSst1Aic3ic6doaen(cs)pu(rl3to)ad(tAiuoc)n,t oinuftowrmeigiths iftisnabledneefciitssi.onTwheheEthPeAr tmo duestcltihneentousreegthisattercoanpseuslttiactiidveepdraotdautcot or to limit a pesticide product's use.
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afinryst arecgtiivseterinedgrbedefieonret Ncoonvteaminbederin1, a1n9y84p,e"satincdidiet d[eptraoidleudct]a prrm7dp1eeeal0rvuast2Ueanlitgtei.icffwSiS-oosiptd.tr.raChe1et1fsra..iusltrcleh2eih7n6egrgi5pierUs14eratp3esr.nSragt6(yoin.OiacCdsgt-itscu1da.rt(cape.tatts[os)i]2o),i"n.5nntp,o1otrhp3tio1eridT6dfo9edyahu8cna-ace8lttttts(i)ahsfbseypl.)(a1er(c0n"goE21omdiv)PdsP,itiliAodsuaf(siebtpdeiid.noord)(ognffL3ova.a)tris.handNrledeesaoirorm"ia.enAgpeia1rinrfndes0ottdteq0eerpqeur-nao5duittsri3taoehe2ttadnodee,t
10The first phase ofthe reregistration process requires the EPA to list tr7heeqUua.iScr.etCisv.ethien1grer3eg6diasie-trlna(tbns)to(tlfo);thsseuebpemeasittlistcooiditedh.eprEodP1uA3c6tnas-otlth(icca)et. woiTfllhitbeseisnreetceroenngtditsotpehsreeaedske. rpinerraoeddgeuiqscuttr,aatateinoddna,ttoato. diIiddse.cnlotisfey13ah6noayw-m1t(hibse)s(i2rne)gg, io(sdrt)ri(an3na)td. ewTqihulleatrteehpidrladatcapehfoathrseathtraemtqpiuseissrietniscgithdoeer ridegenisttirfaynptrteovidoeussclryibeexcthluederedsesaturcdhiesp,redsisecnltoesde dnuerwingresineiatriaclhrreeggiasrtrdaitniogna, prreeesgseitsaictrricadhne.t pIpdroo.sdsuescst1'es3s6aoad-rvl(cebar)sn(e3a)e,cfc(feee)sc.stsTthahenedrraebwgeinsdetarfatiatnst,uasalesndod mtoceurgstteifnsyuemrtahmtaetartthihzaeet rpcdca11elhoea,(lp11fstend)1a3rt3md,oi9a6c6udatf8iaiaasrcnu2d-o"t-tdc.lerlmya(ta(ipgibn"Invfrd))dteoo.n(hi.n4tdefeoh)dfcuase.feeence1apsTtyc3csestshasatnt6aue,urctdaymaidtfe-isl,iivlfnupef(taetttoserh,caoi)gtnrpia(doneelnghur)iqndria(tcliueiCsyctadereirl)emsite.iyerptrneen,eoacevTntgrdltiestuhisdesuudewttitbrhhtreoiafmeseocottonbrioiu"otexaontrcqnelittshcuhh,didriswitoatarptyoeehtnh"a,nmiittatcchhtefseherorwendoacrEtiomtorostoePshunogqitAgnshef7uihgPnedipU,riaeerecrxrir.oesioaSsatgnygr.mwticCh,rstoohaoeit.nrgperaJaeEtrhnahtnePint15esio.Acu3i.rndia6tIIthurodydatoyee-..,f
11 In 1996, Congress further amended FIFRA to include periodic rneegwisrterasteiaornchrerveigeawrdeinvgerpyes1t5icyideearps,rosdoutchtes'EhaPrAmscowualrdraenvtaelduaretestrwichteinthgear pesticide product's use or canceling its registration. Food Quality
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20
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
r[ethgeistrEaPnAt s]igncaolnsdiutsctisntesnctietoncreerergeivstieerwas,pedsteivciedloep[sproadurcist]k, EPbmRaaa(2cssevree0sstoarriaee0vecelsssu7eggeussa)siimmrsssteitit:(neesroe"agnnOrnEfterttoivpedoaroadpcnnitiloofndheurnEneattptchhuttlulpeeiinugobeiiUsnilnstUibiit"so.eiiS.th)cnlsSh.i.eif1s.te"d2osyePriCaptDenT[Eetfarsdsehof.cttfcefritiicoiiccopsviiRiruidudeeotEbeBenlniliDnciinoPpcyg(elrrRrsoac"oeoogsnEdddumaidiDucuemncImanc)yntmltt]en]D[.na"rRoetiritvovse,viazakreacUleetrnuiosgsor.danSiienttsttid.iyh,itsnn,ruesagEauc6uttPt5ereii1tiosAohs-Ftn1konea,. EpRt1ShrvuEeUoapDd.plSuu,p.a.criC3tttosdi.ctohteanhestansa71tt43mc196[oui-ans1(s-ti.t1anr(tithgenere)rte(n]h2gae)il(spaaqtece)us)tr.itovietceaa"itcdAiihneofgnotrefemprdtrhao[iteredhknueistnc.Eodt TmiPvhrAiietid]tsrueefdpagil)uni;sbpatsllereiasssettthiiecoaepislndsi.onea"
B.
RfWaEielDuAbrseeg.g-atiWionn-sewctoaitntshhssauutthmlteleeCc,galbaatlueimgtlaodsnorydfnosocronatRepheeso,lulidbew,-fectahlattauitimrstnshsu--eteoEtihPtnheAetih'sstishsiuisraastnpuycpa-eoenancolee.f
P119r9o99t66e))c,t(ircoeonpdrAiifnicetteddoafatt179199U69,6.SPU.Cu.b.S..CL..C1N3.A6oa..N(g1.)0)1;42-H1678.R0, ,.121R71e00p.(Snt1oa0tti.4n-1g646t8h99at((JoAurluiyggi.2n3a3l,, pweesrteiccidoendpurcotdeudc"twrhegeinsttreasttisofnosr, tahnedsainfetsyomofe[pcaessetiscitdheeiprroredruecgti]strreastiidouness, were less sophisticated."). files1/22 0 1 5 -0 9R/edpoocrut m eanvatsi/leavbalel-epaat -p ehstttpics:i/d/we-wp rwo.deupca.tg-roevr/esgitiesst/rpartoiodnu-ction/ process.pdf (last visited Jan. 23, 2017).
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00020
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 21 of 42
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
21
ocofnasuRltEaDtionis. aWn eagneenecdynaocttidoencitdheatwthriegthgeerrsthEeSiAssuSaenccteioonf 7a RoasnEeeDistuhisber-actltiarmiigmeg-sberawirnergeredapcortrioojpunerirbsledycidacuitsisomeniwaslseleydhbobalyrdretthdhe.atdaislltrcicattecgoourryt
1.
lliimmiiWttaatteiioobnnessgdpienefreiwnosidteh.wNaheednitihsaceurSsFescIioFtinRonAo7fnotchriettihzEeenPEASsuA'sitpsfrtioalevtudidteiensoaaf rWdTcCc"Seilciehiarrsoercceeitcnmtrugduiitmoiiciiisssstnntt.sbasueutgc7eriaCeor,cnneaauBgaceournpeD.tvsfdseeicsaowiithttsrlihshgaacealutiiflicdaEeeoqhiesnPlnuugt"aAelrhecisemsattthhiittavooiatntshentaoieatneioinliocxEiftgomnicPafrnusietiArtsetdisaepn'tictsseeuioiornmiandinntonsepsgoyducrprdlietsletuspaioirmstoetiyiiosnooiatttdnnoipatcotpacciiidlnpoooyrepnnmetlshsgpiiptneeiriplsstoyNeuttdetrhwtoiurieonosicisottdtthhesa.r. lsitmatiuWttaeteioohnfaslivmepiethraietoiloddn, stfhteahdtaetwrmahloescntocualrotsssteamltyuutaesdtddraoepespssleynsotththeesbpgaesecinisfeyfroaarl Fttqhhuieesahpsleiil-mracyiointCntaittofrif.oa,'cns7tsc9l4pwaeiaFmrsi..o2ddgFoof1vor3ere9rx2nca,elamd1im3pb9lse4y,s(Uo9thutnhenitdeCisdniirxgS.-tya1inet9ea8scr6ov)n,.sttDhareataulcdetteRtahinomadtf Rl(fio9imrtvhteihtrCaitMiniro.2inn18si9nU9sge1.tS)C,f.oChorer.tlphdivt2n.h4a2U0t81nth(Uiaete).Ssdpi.xCSro-t.yavetiead2sre4,ds1t9a5t4ht(u6eat)eFl.i.om2Sfdiiltmia7mti1ilioa0tnra,ltsyi7o,p1neW2sr-ii1sone3ddt Afocrta(c"tiAoPnsAb"r)o,usgehet 5puUrs.Sua.Cn.t toth7e0A1-d7m0i6n.istSraeteivaelsPoroNc.edCutrye.
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00021
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 22 of 42
22
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
2C0m0t9y). A(lalp.,pIlnycin. gv. WSailnadzaRr,iv5e7r3 tFo.3dAP7A38, c7la4i2m-4s3re(9gtahrdCinirg. Elincevntls.iPnrgota.nAdgecnocnys,tr5u3c7tioFn.3);d N10w0. 6E,1n0v1tl8. -A19dv(o9cthatCesir.v2.0U08S)..
t2gachco8eetnmiUeoWpgrn.alSeshyl.neC.swert.e.raia,.ttlhua[ts2tehts4hhai0oxeet]1rf-eEy(cl,aieShma)aaA.r1pil3tl'laesastntWiipagnortientuoni,ftcdaef[eaRS[dfleoiulivencfregtaairellol,sinarm9etgh42qieta64unat0itcFria1yeo.n]m2ndadsseeghcnaeoisttnsusei7c,ltody1wn3ffa]oeap(roip"tlanheAlpydptshtiltonyoea Ibp6sawassttppa9laaliaspp5atttihiuullnnsyiFttcdteeoi.oa.t3fuhtRffdioreobSepf8nrpsersi9toertnlooae,3icgmrftv,euseaaid9i.tottgaerui0aueo.r4t,sgsonaiuoulCf(bcn9lNtialsasrtritthse.rmaieetofnaCwgionttpluiioararpvtltr.woalieBkio2re,aiiEn0dotvwssy1S.lp.o2Ah"tsego)U)eicc.itc(.ichSfhlcfaia.TolcoliaplmrhDdcirDtmihoiisernuivcsvpginhiuend'dotmrtcehelsthdsohsiraatitetfytnalthlthngCeshevacun.eotecAbgmS)ossiwP;ainmtmxaAThlga-pneeuy,zrtonrietacwrtvhaelrteeeesar,, p4Mtoe3ar8amgcFnilt.ua3)is;dmoJn9oc-3nhS7aet,elslv9eve4n.n2gsG-in4Aog3rc,tdth9'oesn4s",6ht-e7o4r9r9mt2es(rF9as.ttn2haddtCuct8ioer2.no12d,f0ilt80iimo26n4)ist-(a"2atp5ioopfn(lay9siftpnhiseghrCietohirrdye. ra1e9cq8lua6ii)rme(mhtohelandttisan"ngoathfgaeatnntcheyen"vsfiiarxoi-lnyemdeateronlticamolmisttapatltiyuotnwes)i.tpherthioedparopcpelideudratol
cateTgohurys,onweesuabff-icrlmaimthsealdleisgterdictinctohuerft'osurdthis,meiisgshatlh, otef ntthhe,
comm13encedSaegcatiinosnt t2h4e0U1(nai)tepdroSvtaitdeessshinalrlebleevbaanrrtepdaurnt,le"s[sEt]hveecryomcipvlialinatction is filed within six years after the right of action first accrues."
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00022
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 23 of 42
Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 23 tfwouerntetye-nstehc,onsidx,tetewnethn,tys-tehvierdn,teetwntehn,tye-ifgohutretehn,tht,hinrtiineethte,enatnhd, t2daCChl0iollisa,ermmitg2myepi0-sdl0fsafi5eoriin,dnsrttoR.tthvhCeIeoonllrssaieeeaismfdicxcadsalsiyatteifbiemoogaanrorrss,rrReyhwpdaereoldibinodeyeraifsl.ttlsmhoubeibtTeshs-eshectnaelsfatuuiiidlsbmtisien-sucsgtoelrbaidfocielmftcpimCarcoiuBoionsturaDeertttio'tooshfpneJotrhsaroR.ein1pg4EufeiianDrrrlasyyslt for RWeliitehfr,ehsopwecetvteor,swube-rcelamimanodnteoothfethdeistwtriecnttcyo-euirgthtothreCsloalivme t3afaaaaSrrsnmmdeiofgapmaeeagctttnnmieetm7uddmre5tiammehnn6bl-egeed.edbnnrmiHaasttr2recpewora0tnuecwdi0adtootdse1enrte.v.dos.dbueTarCtftbh,Tshfwtieetarehchof.dteieodfeRmorinSgseoErtitoenlnrDcyvBitocoehsirttnorueihnncldlbeaomosAbdJgutueeiaiRmrsnclnntitEateenrtdiilngDiavcosDdctemr'fekseitdvn2ioqcse0oouCisbrs0uwieseosr8rideulmtta.eymatnd'hpn,wegIiilc6ntsnaehe5ditdisensseut,Ftphdtbu.aaheae-nlnaSntcrlecdetludlagpettewihheopanmdeeer.tf tfhoerrRefeolrieefrefomratnhde sduibst-rcilcatimcouonrtetoofdtehteertmweinnetyw-ehigehththerCthlaoisme
Relie14f as jurTishdeicdtiisotnriacltlycboaurrrteddi,sbmuitssthedis sruubli-ncglaaimppeoanres oinfctohrerefcirtsitnClilgahimt for toimf the-ebdairsrterdicbt eccoauurst eretchoerRd.ETDhiissssuuebd-icnlaSimepstehmoubledrhoafv1e9b9e8e.nAdilsthmoiusgsehdthaes nrRmmheotEtodetprhDt_seiiPo:ln/wynC/gwa-mts0wod2uowe9rpdse3c0di.srt0aemiht1pbeaaie_dns.dlsg-aiSont"vehmAf/peapeu-ce9agtSss8usteui.hsccprteeioddeosnftefd"s(2/ltrca0Ahehs0qamte8tumv,deirini_aseddsisdteenetahddorebtcJCyahgac/oonrtmveu.teghap2r_ell3nlaay,micnut2Reitp0o,nEd1ntDta7shet/.)xeerep(trulhReapeEgidnCiRDsaeotEtd)rme,aDitpwniwaboiiartunthess/t hditctphlso:r/o/aprrcohpievnee._efps.ah.tgmOl v(l/apset vstisicitieddeJsa/nre. r2e3g, i2s0tr1a7t)io(unp/dwaetebd/hRtEmDl/lF,a3c-t Sheet). Notably, CBD does not contest the government's explanation.
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00023
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 24 of 42
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
aadctdioitniotnrsigtgoetrhiengRESDectiino2n0708cocnosnuslttiatutitoena.n affirmative agency
2.
jruermisNadieincxitnti,ogwnceafotmergtuohsretyddoeinscteirdisceutbwc-ohculeartithmetosr.pthreorpeerwlyashesuarbjthecetsmixatetteenr
but BtohtohsethepEroSvAisiaonndsFIoFfRfeAr ccoonntfaliinctcinitgizerneqsuuiirtepmroevnitssionfos,r wcenohtuierttitheseo,rftaoa:pcpaesealss.houTlhdebeESfiAledalilnowthse adnisytrpicetrscoonu,rtinocrliunditnhge
ceaaelngonedemjvonaemicnnnyeytahnnoca(yttehmopeaeercnrtgsihdvooemivnle,esreinunnxtimctttoelouentnndhttiheaniplCgsienotorhnmswetsrnitUutitbtmenueditethienoadtnbla)yfSl,.itwt.ay.tthheotooesr ioasuftathhlloiesrgitceyhdathtpoeterbreeooirfn.re.vg.iou.llaattiioonn oisfsuaneyd purnodveirsitohne
rsp1eta6agrtUateires.dS,s,.t"CotTo.thheeen1daf5oim4sr0tocr(euigcn)ta(t1nci)yno.ucsrToutshncehtsrhoEpavSrleolArvshicyasiivtooierznetjhnuoerrsisucrdiiettigicpzuteriloonavnstihi,osinipwo, inotohfarotlhsutooet o1r6dUer.St.hCe.Se1c5r4e0ta(gry)(1to). perform such act or duty . . . ."
Similarly, FIFRA allows private individuals and entities rtoeresgeiesktrajtuiodnicdieaclisrioevnise,wbutoitfbitfhuercaEtPesAw'shicrehgcilsatrimatisomnayanbde
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00024
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 25 of 42
Ctr. f o r B io l o g ic a l D iv e r sit y v . EPA 25 bprreosuegnhttedbetfoortehethceoduirsttroicftacpopueratlsa.ndWwhheinchacplalaiminstimffussetebkes rAvptsfAcheououaddevlsulblimmipoUrldetieww.iicinntnnyiihdiintss7eoeogttdarrfafUaaraSitt"anr.noottSehagyrrg.te,Cbeh"oinss1ye.rr3todaerctlaetrfohaiurtunweis1icorgnsa,3ton"sla6mountafopeohm(ndaerfeadpti)bitt.tsptthoyiueeeoodiatInthtclfhAsemhftetoafodAhruonrmesrgdrtteitfemhnchbivnelieieiasanaeitcliwfmrdisiacrltitlcermsaoaacudccsrthuritosteiaisitnrowttlfoilinfboetchoshenncaeleglatrfoieneioodolwiscenfnifesidn"lt[rntt"ttgihhhhooicneeeeartt phRacaaUpnofeeeFttpdmaeviWretrimiicaeno,tolwhings5tme.e"t9eor2mfed]7ofnFerrUatten.rtog3hs.ytSediedtin.ohnaCpecfetusy.t1srho"up0aeercoc81xhhstF23iceao-e6lsos8undnro4ssea(dibfrev(ptad)hare.lleoka.tRjcleeud.enerrim.gnioas.igi"fdfsntttbieeihcuInrratdsgit.aoicFpnon"ueIn"pFsbs1usRlto3,ibicAtf6wluaintjctith(uetibhoserh)iine;snacadosor6i"efuic0pnentruoigtdoasbt"ailnlscyoi)iocess.f do1ni1fl9fyeW4rte(hecneihttiarmnovguoetrCheeseasllod.pfeStachapiavfptieec"aOwlle,uhgtrehinSseltwtarwteeiaoollmnj-u.es"rsiCtsaAdobmiulcin.tsichoBielni,draIdrlnu,sclt5.ea4vtiu5s. ttYeoFse.au3dptdrtpaelwary,t o88m7itFte.d2)d).908In, 9A11me(9ritchaCnirB. i1rd98, 9p)l(aiinntteifrfnsalfqilueodtastuioitn imnarthkes15
and c1o5mmeAntl,thboeguignhnFinIgFRinA2'0s0s4ta,ttuhteorEyPlAanagduoapgteeddoaepsunbolticcopnatretmicipplaattieonnotice ppReoeslgit.cicy2i6dth,e8ap1tr9iotd(iMunctaetynred1ge4id,s2ttro0a0tai4op)np(lafyinnddaurlernirnoegtgiciisetts)r.aptTeisohtneicrEiedvPeiAeawrcetpiavrsoeocnienesgdsreteshd.aite6pn9utFbaelndidc. ptraarntsicpiapraetniocny anddusrtiankgehoreldreegr iisntvraotlivoenmenantdin threevdieevwelopwmouenldt of"piensctriceaidsee risk assessments and risk management decisions." 69 Fed. Reg. at 26,819.
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00025
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 26 of 42
26
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
dCiosmtrimctiscsioounrt,("aFrCguCi"n)g htahdatfathileedFteodeeranlgaCgeominmuSneicctaiotinon7s rvccCooqeoeouvfovsmoen'mitrttesemhamuawdteciuluofttpFnaeinnroCidtoicincmeCovasartni.aatistiorloiIokodncn"sn.oswsesuaotnh,Aotrmjtaewo1csnini1ttenodt9are,fs3tndhsa.id)et(ep.ct5tpChia4etesioi5ansimlEdsgsFeuSm.w4,3eA7auiddtnnphUanirct."uoSlael1vi.,txcC1iiodoec9.rlnen1udsss-sue94Aisssv2e0pcep.2etaj('nTasurfdao)rph)tirraees(ondjiFvuyniecisdtsodeteiiirrcveoodnriennaeaans"rlll
tnscacc1hoehoto1teluamme9lgrAm3Faptih.onmcCpltiwattaepCeslTnrelrry'iiocrthsczoecebaliianewabnccdgcsyeituoetnipBhodrusaiaintrefsrsiltsessndr.doeuCtselphenu5rioixeeadi4nntfple5Ee,gelrdatSnraFhiestvAn.hets3ihees,rhdadao'cetCn.haatmcptoa.rhhtllmae.1laaoetns1ilmnfnlty9eaagttus2nhllietntf-eglehdfa9imiescowr5t'auhcstogtec(iloro"afhlaaAFinrtmiesChtmtmhhvseCAeseeirce,r'tchwsihptacaa.alggallant.lrnehieaItnn.ondonBtcu..gtityifgbherofa'ddhyesstf jwpauguhdereisncnuciaayanl'strSeeutvoclitteiiamwonasstu7cebhcseotlmraadniemetirtv.h"cea)h.naslttlaAhetenmugtEeeerSsiwAcaai,ntnhcaoBgaueirrnt"dscmymroeoruaerssdtoesnerpeveidasclsiutfuhaiectade"t rStthhetesraeotpalsvlmuaebsidnsCtjtauiofnrufitsnsivdcceiicll,atsii8toma8nt7suatlFue.n.c2dodIendraf.tlti9hact1ets1j1)ub1.re9iAts4wdlt(iehccetoinituoingntghhaelACpEmarlSeo. ArvSiicasaaivonnednBsOtihruoderf jCuorimsdmicutnioicnaatliopnrosvAiscito,nistsarteiasssuoenihnegrea.pplies to the disparate
When a plaintiffs claims are inextricably intertwined btheotwseeesntattuwteos sctaotnuttaeisn--csouncfhlicatsintghejurEisSdAictainodnaFlIpFrRoAvi--sioannsd,
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00026
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 27 of 42
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
27
AspmeecrifiiccanstaBtuirted. reIdq.uiartes11p9la4i-n9t5if.fsAtso tchoemdpisltyricwticthouthrtenmotoerde, wvcdoSoareehdlmtcieeetdnrmrimiost.enyiSnne7toa,ctfcttihioaotanhtnetewgco7oEhrneyPstcAhuooelnn'trsaesttuoifsloiutrnnaebatri-ilenocglfrnaoeisigrmtmfieossrstllraiotanhpwtehieosesvntraiepclnaiuiddntbliedylt.iyccrHoehrfnaeetlroghleteie,inscCtEgerBeaPtaADitonh''ndess
7 clTaihmusr,awiseedhoalfdtetrhatht efoEr PthAe puunrdpeorstaekseosfpFuIbFlRicAn, oatiSceectaionnd ppc"fditorealhoeyrmeivsoamivdosipaefoolnetinhfttdisenit.tioyoemAtnniouctprffselyota[ratoihnnrfcedtetiovhfAcmfieoebdpwmcrmlioynmniignnteieinnwssthgtttrieetiaadnhtcSoftoerihn'ucFesatrIitlFFFooIoneRFrdf7AdReaecrA'prsal.pa]l1i6emRojaurlescdrgihesiwasrd"tliieltcehartnifimntgoeinurn6asg0alt
fifteOenn othfethbeassiixstoeefnthreemdiasitnriicntgccoautretgroercyoordn,ewsuebc-ocnlacilmudsewtehraet mpraotpteerrlyjudriissdmicistsioedn.1b7y thIne dthisetriscetccoonudr,t fthoirrdla,ckfifothf,susbixjethc,t
Rrliemoq1cui3ktia16ir6etneisom(Cbvne.)Bs.nU.Dt.AS.aClteDphoxpoempepurapgearashrsrstemewsteoe1n6cdtcoooUonfAnnc.Sfoeglr.tirCncidct.eutclhwitdauitert1he5t,th4h7eF0e7(Iig2FsE)sRF(uS2.Ae3)A,(d'AsA'5s)l9l(6ii26a0),,0n-6d-c0wdae3ayiftyoh0rs4pt7atr(hte9uUe-ttfhe.iWSlCi.niCiolrgd..f 2hv.0oD1w4at)lh,eewys,he1ict7wh3oaFdj.u3drdries1sds1iec6dt8iao,1ns1iam7l0isltanar.t1us6itteu(sa9tctihaonnC,cirmo.-a1eyx9bi9se9t.)u;sASeemfeu.laBilnisruodn,Wd5e4ar5sshtaFinn.3dgditnoangt 1194 m2, 1194-95.
17As discussed supra at footnote 14, sub-claim one of the first Claim for Relief should have been dismissed as time-barred.
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00027
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 28 of 42
28
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
tsweveenntiteht,h, nintwthe,ntye-lfeivrsetn,th,twetwnteyl-fftihf,th,thitrwteeennttyh-,sixftihft,eenatnhd, ptRolwaenEcreekDinoitsnodyf-wptnjhuueiebnrrielttsiwhsdaheiClcenlltdtaipyoiir-mnnese.cst1vhe8defeoneTFrdthheRedbCreeyerllfiaaaoelirfmRpet,uehfbgeCoilrBsiictsRDesreuc.loasihnmFeocfumeuirstlehdondeftihrs,taamhsvneuiedsbssf-uneiclbodleajtdeificomceart ptheotisteiosnubin-cltahiemcso. urt of appeals to obtain judicial review of
In sum, we affirm the district court's dismissal of all tchartoeuggohrythoinretys-ounbe-c.laims contained in Claims for Relief one
C.
prtheeegsit"Wsictcrioeadntteiutoirnnn[u"ateoccdtoithvdneeisstcciatirunteettgegirooen"rdoayirnetywgnotco'iosnsngutarboan-lgcdleaannipcmdeyssin,taiwvccotihidloivecneh.m"paerllonCedtgturien.ctfth[o]aa'r]st Bmcoiaourlrkots'gsoicdmaisiltmDteiidsv)se.arlsWiotyef,ad6lil5scaFag.treSegeuoparpny.dt3wtdhoeartse7uf5bo5-rce(liaaniftmfeirrsnm. althqeuodtiasttrioicnt
ccoomnsCpuBllytDatwiaoirntghusetehsrevtheEastSabAse,caaniutss"eofntahgielouEirnePgAtvohioaulsnadatineornota"nkgoeofinSthgeecdtuiEotSynAto7.
18 The district court dismissed sub-claim one of the twenty-seventh RcClElaaiDimm,infitoSrdeiRpdteeslmoiebffeoarrs2tt0him0e3ew.-brAoanlrtrgheodruebagsahostenhd.e ocTnohuterhrteecotwhreraesEctaPlnyAda'missmiesnsidsusmaendecnteht eotofsutthhbeewREasDisisnuMedaracfhterofp2u0b0li6c, nboutticaes tahnedgcoovmermnemnet,nttheuxsptlhaienss,utbh-actlaaimmewndams nenott time-barred but rather jurisdictionally barred.
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00028
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 29 of 42
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CadBeDquraetaesobnassitshaftotrhea ESPecAti'osn"o7ngcolainimg ,viaonladticoonn"sperqouveindtelys,ana Mp(aaoca["1clffldaaaff`5cdiiiiitr3nrrmsneumm6ajtwekic]aa.f(oaitttfaticii,Aho)vvsc4(neehsrc26u'oo)t8edhunaspiFeiltcssdru.tcod3oirrolinpdnelsnnioolttnoy.1ritsoigt0ecbn9wsptea.9r`"chrK,ae)oyrecc1eaunet(q1raricdouut0ciaetnknit7ninri'on-oet0t,gdnTea8wfdgrotfWi(e,hobro9ni.Cerctci,hBhdWy[a1eCDp6a6ntriS8at'troesie.1kfvrcU2ecysits0odhi.FoSa0nee.nd.s6ds3Cstis)tders).h7ucp.]PacraItecratrnitotlaaSoianjtKoenieemnc1Eaciat0atrsSir2onuytAav1ondk.,t FadoSTuiifersritcascbhotreop,ne,rrtdiowiwz,oteeenedcwh,ttoeeeafdlsuidknndsftpdehluetewaecdetrhin,meoecsuotie.hnrr"eeo"crIr`adacwr.garhiaehaetnendfcte1ghyd0oeee2uarrt1ctah.tlettihhoaeenacg'tuieiavnnngidqceteuyynriclfryyoyairfnifsthgihratemwdacboatet-isifvnovoiemetlfydliye..t
violCatBioDn. Aconnfalgaetenscyatnhatornegtaoiinnsgregduultaytowryitahuthaonritoynogvoeirnga pCCTrooooxatgitlcoriastnimowCnoho,oaasdwl.Ea,en4c1ovht3neltl.idFnL.u3atihdwnagatCtott1rbh.0le,i3g70Ea8-tP9i3oA3Fn)..3twodIacnasotmWn10opa8tlsy7hewi(xncigctiuhttiosntnehgdeTWEofarSxosiAchms.. prc("eoeBgsmuteiplccaliatydiuioesnnseg,w[twiihttehi]tohhEuastPtShAaeechctaEiosoSnncAtio7nnuctwiionnhnguesiunnolgtbaialttiuigotrahnet.oigori4inst1tye3trooeFvde.f3rodfplilfeoatstwyt-i1cf0oit3hdu3eer JraSeogiqmheuaniilncraeinremslsy,'e,4n5iotns0ngoCFof.oi3nttdtghoe4nd5wEu5oSt,yoA4d6.t"o4E);-n6rsv5eeiiren(oi9anttilmhastoeeCniFtrEa.olSr2eAL0s0at6wcG)ou(nCeasexurnpdlttlieaaartini,nosiwnnv)ge.. hfaeilldedthatot threeinUit.iSa.teFocroenstsuSlteartviiocne vaifotelartetdhethUe .ESS. AFiwshheannidt
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3 0
Ctr. fo r B io lo g ica l D iv ersity v . EPA
Wmiilledslifoef SNeartvioicneadl eFsoigrensatteladncdr.iti7c8a9l hFa.b3idtaat ton101708,,001008sq6u-8a8re, 1092.
bbtawchtoeuoentr7tEsAdri5uinSsg8ll,stAtg.hua"e,oft[rifuutoeMi]ngcdhndihoe.e"ebrnrtreyhteKoCetatvetaonreEnr.rtuPtaf,iroofkAifgnariTsgrhBrmoeiatibrfsahoedteal,iaoinvnsSgedceiaiorccsaegnattgterigiloeinoocDnncnitcnyia7yvgrc'escyoarodudccsnurtiousitttontyyuy,ntnlrtt.o6ootaot5lteiIcoiddF.osn,..m.nsSae.ptIulicnlitlypnhel posiomwts.tuihaauig3rtetshhedyrt Dbacaadl1itfofeic7iffscnve31iicarresn0-rmmuur7se2sslet4aa1tiiesattto)y"iit;(nvvi,1oisceea6s9enar5a7yent,aeg8Fogwage).tecl.oneSnssorcoucuynyaKypctfThrpafaoetiac.rwrralct3ummintoodki.oonotanvVhsTntseerag7ucritlo5abbhldine8-eaincpystbg(ltrsAcareewqiiaiuvctmuocoititnathnousirgc.oguledonosKvlfluy.i.yaantrHrigrtcCli'ug,oistilkgrsn"lt.d,steotThfurir4osroee3imlradbisr7deeiBse,SttUsehpni6eoan.iet8cSlsilts1foti.tiyoogicoFc1fnaini.c5s3adaoae3ldne7;l,lf tchartoeuggohrythtwirtoy-sounbe-.clSaeime sKaarlluekgeTdribine,C68la1imFs.3fdoartR10e2li1e.f one
D.
trheraetNgiesthxtreta, twioEenPstuAfro'nsr taopctoahrmetipcclauetletaigroopnreystotihcfriedeaelslaucbtpi-veceslatiiincmgidsreetdhiaeptnraotlidlseugacnet paaCgfrtforri.edremfuocwarttiirtvBeherieotahglgoeiesgtdniriccasyattirloaiccDnttiiiosvcoensruitsmrhitatpyttlh,tyra6itag5tgfhaeFecr.tsc,SoSaumnepcdppttil.hoeent3irod7enfcaoootrnef7spi5ute5lcst.ataitnciWonidnoee.t tarlilggreerreSgeicsttiroantio7ncsonosuf ltpaetisotinc.idIed. aptro7d58u.ctTs hethdaattecoonntwaihnicha
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psiamrtpiclyulathrapte,saticdiadtee.actAivsetihnegrdeidsiternictthcaovuerbteeexnpclaoimnepdle, teCdB, Dis t"aC`hcmcleotauamimaydplisnsrlmeeofgtotiiiorsbssntRaar'saleetolioioftehfnfpeoaraiolrncldetfiuacoticahnltturseo.rrg"ueeo-grItredhoyg.-tichastohttirrnr7atesy5teui-9ool.tnsnuA--cebl.sa-aicamslraseoimspoupsnlot,tsahweleldeegEateofPdfAitrhmi'nes
E.
This brings us to the final category four sub-claims, in puwpttEschhuorneSheeobsndAridt-teceidceucrhfilSnlciosayddetCtriisrecemniBttchgpiisaDtomarrnotecRapcdCor7eoEnueuBrnoccDrmttDottceshsinotns'ihissmsndstuaihgtsbtpliaatmlnltapetmihtce.eaiaaosowlftyttrAnfieeteic.hrrdrseimeedtIrdhdbeeaEea.agtytPinpliaavrsArtietetolchr7ae'daoae5sddtugl5yialcboe.afptnanetdpeTclcriorrcteyhsoalwrmealveatsih,acgimeasatliwitsstscotoeteaarndofDcata,eifkttengigrpsofidraoeegeninrosngveydtndeiiiwdscfaroiuitanindhautratghneeesrl aaarmfefierbnmadramrteiedvnebtysagtthoeentchcyeolaSlcaettcieoornan,ldabAtutatmcwekendddoeicdstarCignroeemeapnthldaaritnettqh.uoisree fculartihmesr
1.
EPAAussedsisacmususletid-pshuapsreareartegpiasrttraItIi.oAn.2proancedssf,owothniocthein1c0l,udthees pa1r(poghc)1(ea32ss6)se(a,-A-f1it)vh(;bees)e,rEee(rPageA)lgs. iospAtEruavtbtaialolinusnhaeetoaisofrlnpiaeearstRtsi1Etca-Di4gd.e.e Aipnf7rtoetdhUruet.hcSrte.esC.rEe.Pg7AisUtir1s.aSs3tui.6oCeans-. tchoenfiRrmEaDt,oryitda"tacoolnletchtes acbtoivthe inpgroredduicetn-tspasecidifeicntifdieadtainatnhde
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
R("EBDef.o"reIrde.reagtis1t-e5r;insgeea paelsstoic1ideU,.tSh.eC.[EPA1]36shaa-ll(lgo)b(2ta)i(nBa)(niy) npImcnoeeusenostdtritacediidewndreepetdriopgoirnhudoludStaciuemltclc-tsatipoctoeoefnlcmyti1hfpr3ieeoc6rreadtds(gaacwitt)saa(ti5etrha)er.ngathda7perUdedPsi.enaSttirg.ecaCrigtdmh.reeainppp1ehre3o5s6dwtrauiehc-cq1ietdu,(thegitreh)e.(re2m.)Ee.e(aCPncAt)hs.
bbeetlweTnehgeenthpyrt;ohcesoesmissesoutifamgneacstehmeoroifnregatdhRaatEnaDtaefntaeynredaaRrtshEweDilchloahmsavpiselseuetieloadnpcseaodnf rpptI"acdoemvoee[erwssemvperttre]goiieaoiccrrirtgneiisethddeadtsgreerntmairetsbatalgtaiaytyecoaecx,rtnr,tiiidavmvaaoiettesluRoflimiaEnitaspnlhgDlrRgterocpireEmldeedewsDdsueaittieaacr,ientnsctonuseittntdhtea.eiecadsbaotevopnaAvdeurponeorctuftdardocbetg7uorhdlet6icrehr,cdetebiasairmtyntegcitEggoooeoainPnnonstckttAothReayoars'i'Etfsinsb.hn"DioefagnoiugnwaEtRI[alt4davnllhEn7.apedDdlprmeua]RorctaoodfEit[ocsnu3itDio]ertc-ohhs5nt'nesssas., woddnoehceerissenirnoeornget.iascctoIrhdnai.ttniaoagintn 1iaot-lsfl4,tahf1iepn-e5ars.letsicepAiaedsrsectsihucpicurdohped,ounthpcwert.ohrdeiIucrdceh.tgtaihsrtetevrraEie.tgiPoiAAsntrroaRetflEiioaeDnns individual pesticide product is its own triggering action.
thatWaneyncolateim, cboansseisdteonntawpirthodouucrthreorledginisgtriantisoencttihoant IoIc.Bcu. 1rr-e2d, bbicnaoevrfmrooemrldve.eiJnnagTtnhuianearptpyhraeo2rtd0iFue,2escd0tde0ror5earnlweoRgotieussgltudrigsabttgeieeorstniwtmtaohefua-tlebtdraarbnpreyeudbjo,ulifarcintshddneioacctntiayicoteecnglaaaolinrlmdyy fliomuirtastiuobn-scloarimasre fjourrisrdeilcietifonaarlelybbaarrrreedd.byNothneethsetaletusste, woef
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3 3
pleaarvtieesitmtoighthteradisisetroicntrecmouarntdt.o address any such issues the
2.
pi"psnurrretoorelrccirToteetiuwhedgneduaidnitrn[ceeiingosdng"slgl""wa] tboiaettynrrhhael"uraenamavditrsaeteeiadrrnvciiltginyksegiwndoag.ofoca.cft.grl.iae.tnhineem.ecsytppaprbrtoreehlovrivadcsiethoeenrdeu.tdusissreAaalsidd"mtimmiganeainirennnidsciitcssosattmprrpaaftearettrobiirivvmlsteeys, Luvs4Ccqe4lesuLiaei1rhoCni.imtagcFa2llvsts.a0ei3.)oo.1ldtFnao2UtAaA)muentrAnt(ia7adto,ir3eptokrsd64pds.t4leSchay1roteniartnduhetFgen,ac.s3dttithtdheviam.eretl7iBypodc2ailnoon6ecscl,mgkltaolra7eutimc3ennntr6teiidastot,lpe(na96rdapoot8,thrtrh9aaiioolcbCFtrrkeidi.tra3resa.dgdrto.aei29ocnA0p8ntc0mrl6yiia6n,nei)aenr1coit(0ctrtiiioif0onogf0ptniAefnt(rreaaP9onrsltmAas)ha;,l
ptshiemasttpAitchlsyiedncceooatltepleadrgto,eodDrruayelcfftaeostnutadracassknustbisn-ocadnlreagtpihumeeens,idsaaesnlnuldetagtnhitcnreeiggdogtihsfeetrtrhiirnceegtrRecgEoaicuDstrtistroa,antwgisorhenieacodrhe,f Darievetirmsiety-'b,a6r5reFd.oSrujuprpi.sd3idctaito7n6al0l-y6b4a.rrWede. dCitsra.gforereB. iological
The collateral attack doctrine is not at issue here; CBD datoteesmnpot ttosecehkatlolenugnerav"aenl ya oprfiothreagaennalcyyseosrdoerr, cnoonrclduoseiosnist
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
tchoentfaiinnaeldrienretghiestRraEtiDon[s]o."f19a Ipde.satitc7id6e4. prCoBdDuctcotrnitgegnedrss ththaet rEit7"Wddhneaoi6Serfsee2lefAisesg-gaaer6'inghesps3ortntam.erStcroaeaeea"tf;AtcsitretotutasbheinspboreearbntidowRsoericers7EfeaescesDusuccltnsalaoso.twstm,flnhleoT,tsaepdhruth"eEeaalsertnptuPaadhdpptlAieiirasroasott'aptntrtsvrt,aieapicicscsoncrtktetbogkicecclcoaioiooegdsunnpsueaersercttttihsptfaodiotaeroineorgcpnRcdiirobsdleu1EisseeencLtucDd-etpAiaR,dn.rru".edoEg2stred,oDeeaItuudgaRhtc.niihpotlsEd.iaetlrnDretdoIagErd7dttai.P6thutohnh3aAcandee.ttt rppgdperrreoroootveecdcegreeurmissnscsstiitrnnbaaagfterotiecioroannsnutoiasstietsdnutuihcatsieeontp,irgsnepasco7mtatricaefitR.UrdeosEe.mSDa.dCc,atth.tiavaonesdneinomngt1er3aeac6ddveaeisae-si1nlada(trugbiar)llniy,endgidaanutvphropeienlsrvgotRiedcsEuitdhDceeat
distiNnectiitohner. tMhe; dDisitsrsi.ctatc4o1u.rtNnoonretthheeledsiss,setnhet ddiissptruictetscothuirst BraeenairocdehlgothigspeitecrdsaaittlsiicosDiendinvetreawripssorieoutsydl,dnu6ecr5ewt qFduE.eirSmSeAuoCpnpcBso.tDrm3adttpoilnaiagatln7lech6geo4ew;ifsDascueistaesscs..shapteCpc4rti1rof.i-dcf4uo2tcor.t pmSruuocschteecdsoipnnetgacsii.nfic"siuTtyfofiscisuiernvutivnfewacaatrumraaolnttmieodanttteaort, daitcshmciseipsstse,tdaagacesomtorupfela,tihntoet
D46iv4e1rF9s.iT3tydh,e86d65i1stFr(.i9ctSthucpoCpui.rr.t3's2d0re0al6tia)7,n6cis2e-ou6nn4a.PvaaTicliihnfeigc.EGPSaAese'&s CrEetrlr.eecfgotirsritcrBavtii.oolFnoEgoRicfCaa,l pRrEoDdu;citt iissanseeipthaerratae acnladridfiisctaitnicotnacntoiorna. mSeoedPifaicca.tiGoanso&f Ethleecu.,n4d6e4rlyFi.n3gd at 868-69.
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 35 vs.taItqebaalc,la5i5m6 Uto.Sre. l6ie6f2t,h6a7t8is(p2l0a0u9s)ib(lientoenrniatlsqfuacoeta."tioAnsmhcarrokfst frrEo"soeettmSehrrreepAeiBggtst,iiiiebsosstdsttehlee)uocu.rragaiisnHnnuictcggsreaeeirgloeotigD,fhtfeCeiahrvaBiaepnRpsDregesEsdisihttDteityascimc,siodii6opsdwe5nleeanspFdntrcr.poaaiorSndtfoneutaudsedpccurupititlacm.htiltanal3styt"visd,otvoenaaalpatvslnrie7edidasn6qc4ummtl.thiahraueieetmltmrtpeeiurrpefononloecrdtfe.eeosfrsCtahttchhtoertee.r,f
CBD is not required to allege facts beyond what it already rhttFCaoShhecaIfeoemaFtscimttRotaiEhipnnploAePledslensAa,grttpihei7endeceqodtisisucfdEtaitiioneiliPcrnltneeisiApcdstsgsrtueieomtnlSofstdtroaeaeoeufctrcnanmiceotoctgti.ntvnatsrtdoeTgehosrAeehufebieiimngflilnyfesigigiessEccrtuanseeirSutaeddariAinntoetitaiectd,noicnetn.nCaoo2tl0snnoyosdasfmaudutnNrhRpopedlteeplEaniaaottpoDSfiihrnfoetetesitsncrr,t.rtemhoiatqcCetnhtahiudBadetpeiitverrvDAeoeEetrprmnpCSyiaoogrABegpostgniiehDdfetdnnaiiuroeecsotcdondyeart rcceohrnaeltgleeissnttgrainatigonfRinpEarDol cpeestsost,icnipdorerespdeorrovtdheuocstfeareislrtuaertgeui-tstetors-acrteiooqnnusuidrleetcCiscBiloaDnimst.os attacCkondsoecqtruiennetliys, iinnapthpeoscioten.texAtcocfortdhiinsgclays,ew, teherevcoelrlsaetetrhael
Dccchohiaauvllerllt2ree0shnniTaggtyshei,nenag6ond5tyhjiuseFotrr.iafiscnStdthauielccpytopsiauo.enrsna3tlodtyhorseaceletdsonn7otte6chrrl4autc.atsoii"nnoWtconslseuutcshcahioeognnaretesaxceitcl,neaoenibnmdtutat.ti"hnianastetChdpePtrlil.eRnafdiEotn,hDrtCeif,BBfRbsiDouEsltDoerisega, ktitnhchatoeiosrlt the affirmative action of reregistering a pesticide product.
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dalilsetgriecdt icnoCurlat'ismsdifsomriRsseallieof fonaellthcraotuegghortyhirftoyu-ornseu.b-claims
III.
rRricneeaervteleCeiWggrelisoafseeirtomyratnahfosetfeiniotrfedhnmo,irrsttowtomhuRooegikes,hdslapiaietnlslhafdtirocroitetfchnytaare-elcfolteonetchusrearurJtowtbea'usgn-egcourolheraarydriptmyehfrroo2isruip0tnarye,l2sr-lseolu0uygnb0beesd5-dtci,asilinanamnintmiiCwdasssllihaenpiaidcamwl.hrletsh;gWitfahceolhdeerl tRthheeisgreiosptweirna.isoWnn.eoErepamucbhalnipcdarfntoyortsfihucaertlhlaebnredparrcoioctsmeeomdwiennngtcsoicsnotsntshoienstaeFpneptdewearilta.hl
REMAFAFNIDREMDE.D in part, REVERSED in part, and
BEA, Circuit Judge, dissenting in part: Although I agree with most of the majority opinion, I
prtCheeosaspmttiectpchiltdeafeuinclpaltyrteod(gd"iousSrscAyetsnCftbo"fyu)r,rothmsweuhbtEhi-cnechvlcaioirmocnnhcsmalulilenseninottghanleerPeSatrheoccehteoecndatdipionpAnrPomAavegratneldHnecoEdyf E(afpcc"ooapePEctslpeAlutPraigsoctA'oeesvisdrr"ayaae)lpo,lsfopnowaarfunottetthrdvhraeeacsetulkodnpboioea-sbfctspteipltpncaiarcracioomitucddvosspeuee,lsrclopaatitsctensheessorpsttiaislshmcleeeoiapsdasdlseetyttuehapdpbbecrr,-ekoocEcadldaParouueiunAcmcstatestssnuh..steihcemHTohsEoshapPtelweeolArepemmnarv'psogaiespedjrpso,ruirorbttciihvhotltyeeeesr
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Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. EPA 37 caopnptraoivnedthperepveiosutiscliyd.es the SAC alleges were improperly tEih6ahfn8aPetb11dhAi5EWtath3aFnttet6ho.d.a3(eFacacdSnnit)osiee(gohne2v1ens)eKa0ruren0"aalddmt6ntrh,dWuwSaekypi15EiteTl00haPdc2rfliAifCt0iebhefs.eeceFc(tAooS9."NRntecfhaa.sCrttvilid(aiiCo"scelnEi4iterfresa0oS.(dl2rctAan2oM.e1k"i0lnal4)ia1den(rvS2caagi.t)nne)iU)acevg.n(tee.icFSlro"iy.Ieitnnas,iFdnhg"7otgeesthrhrpnreeieeece1sqcysSS6tuiASeeaSirUsercCeverto.riisv,Svocri.ttiecnChhic"et,eees".), NEmtCcaoofPeeafnnetCAnwsctyBue'tos"rlDtdrrvkwif,efaorNfiareretiphogorBperiutstrnhihstootervAallpioSitsnmiegetogseirenctvdiraticeihcelcileedniagDedbp(isaceibe,vnofisoelglatilirretlecseylrceiiedittgddsyieivesnsusteaegplintrynehmdt,gcrh"ioitaetnChuhtsaegBettohiRhDorPeEntt"ehhsD)sEe,et(scPii".cRrhARihaAEdElaeDlcfbDeacsinAitoslag"re"cted)mdstii.tfonhaotongeyr
CBD structured the SAC around each challenged EpccaaePttseeAtiggc'oosidrr"yyec.ootwnnEteoiancsuahunebddC-cldcaliaaismitcmergefootiisrroynRthtaeherlryiececehfoahsnlalutesrbno-fglcoelauanritdmosiustnhbvce-ochllRavalEielmemDnseg..netTT"thhhineee pwtmhrieoothsdptuetchostetfircemtirhdeaeegjo'iscsritarrtteyaegtgitiohosnratry"tattfhioooenrnetdhaiessnutdprbiec-tscthtlieaccioimEduePrstAipna'srsqoup"tieecmsrotlemiyonpdb.liaesrtmIrieoaidnsgsreeooderf jscuuhrbaisl-lcdelinacgitmieosnafawflilreymrebaatpirvrroeepdaegarelnyndcdytihsaamcttiitsohsneesd.cabteecgaourysetwthoeyanddidthnreoet sub-Tchlaeimfin, alchpaalrlteonfgeesachthCelaEimPAfo'rsRaepliperfo, vthael coatfegporroydfuocutsr
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
ccoatnetgaoinryingfotuhre psuabrt-icclualiamrspessttaitceisd:e"in[Tq]uheestfioolnlo. wAisngonsepoecfitfhice pprEiLcocneraorfaPfootmbetAetddhhergpuueeleolnccaarSEttcctyissyaentSifbcssttoAohtolaaeneu,anlnmsrlttd1aaspc6toiutrronhneobUnPiaqd-ntat.cuaug1Srliica,ca.trn3Cogthiesmnria.sadEitsnpapi1pPciahc5etnAhhhr3slteat6o11iitlcoc(r2E,la3ouei0Pd)cn-pl.(deao"Agr2,ionre)c'w:pspshtNuehehlo.lnoseoitn.tcertliuEo.ahicnnpbEPiaadderlrAPryoeeeePA,p.r'elsesi'SPssnasuteatpeibearcc.pjdaptieridgpocwoTerrtnvaoihPatpvt7uhlrhoa(sooda,ldsaf)t1uth(tah22eocil0ess)tfl
hl"eoSSitnanAsehbtdereaCviaTdttoinahcsfgtteem,saef.pto"raSEeeeuysAcPdUritACehn"bsssaaepruticeesirbtncfpiaeeoirfrecrenfiEssaseqsixucuntthistoighneerildavbetyaht"doi,ltellE"svtboAmoexiynfhaptgihiyaenab"ensiittfbdatiiopaeAcpautitedahrrlatireefaistcficitcproecsutrcnuileoodtaslneadneurddrsusl"aitcpp"gantmetenbgisasaoyeattptniriyecpcepdiaidrwdadofersfevcite.pt,irahcceilttucsTinttcilhhhoeaaaeeessrtl btpSheeAetswiCtric,ehieaadnlbeliottphaftretsohdbfoouesuccetrasau.ccshteiaoTalnlhlelsuno"sg,mfetthdahyoe"saeaSfcfaAtecicoCttin"osdne."osnedinsaAvnnocgoclevtoreerdddaiifsnpfpegaerrecttinoicetuistalhoateerr pETenehPsdeAtaricen'sifgdoaeerpreetp,hdraotshtvpmeaelcaSoiyeAfsapCfoafrertdctihtoceeeuisnlradhrnaaponbetgistetsariptecsedidcfsoeipfripecarcanoilyedlysureocaatrslstlohe"ngemeiorathythhaaeabrftifttehatchtastne". tRhEeDfasc.t that those products contain pesticides approved in the
I agree with the majority opinion that the EPA 's approval tohfaptedsteicciisdieonproindvuocltvseiss agnatahfefirrimngataivnedacgoennsciydearcitniognpbreocdauucste-
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case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 39 of 42
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
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sdpisetcriifcitccdoautar.t'sHdoiwsmevisesra, lthoef mthaejsoeristyubi-nccloarimresctblyyrceovnercsleusditnhge thHaaadhntceiotastdrautwtecra"ik"etclh[vlbtyteoee]cnhnrcpo,ealueltutahrhcastteoede'esslerlRteddahaEtieceispnDamrEpatsetriPlhsogAsbeavoaati'rltSnssy.aeAgcpdfkCropo.uodecrnoseTtscsihhstucreoeibisdrwn-eecefflootaiphrrsiremeao,sspsdeiIpmuwrwscoputeovlsbryuie-nlcadngalroaeapitcfmeofdasilsitrtlsimactiwitsinedsetrcuherateees.l
The collateral attack doctrine prevents district courts from rtthCohheeriveodra.isermeeir2wn.0epgr0Aroio6tmfcsc)tl.eehaodreifTimucpphrosrreiopessvct.tdeheioroIaddscutu,.tsrrLaeianrsLedeCamnp"ivrdine.nmiveFseste.rcnAraati.tstApisval".,iebto4ilpgyf4raa1onnicntFuset.ned3frdurdtoerwemr7lis2yn6rioeen,rdlg7iet3iwavg6gaiaedt(thnii9nnctgghya
apprTohveal coaftegaollryprofoduurctssutbh-actlacimonstaicnhasllpeencgieficthpeestEicPiAde'ss ppHaperaospddtrioutchvicdetesedCs"Bim"nDmatyahayelalfeaRfgfefEecedDtc"tas"ennbeydanthasdienandgngegosreneprdeetcdhsipefsiepctcehwiceeiohse,rysythtohterhentahptterhotiehrdochusaacetbtesigvtqaoeturrsyya. BtfehonueuttirRrsesiEulnybDc-eoscnCl"amCBimBDasyD'swa'cfsofhuaeallclldtle"engneoagnttiedboatenonatgthhceaoertelpltdahrtoesepdrpeaueclcsiatetitasctpaiodcprkerotsohvnaeapiltrsphhreiosaRvbbEeiatdaDsteissdn., tahtteacckatoegnotrhyefRouErDssu.b-claims are an impermissible collateral
The district court carefully analyzed whether these sub RclEaiDmss. aCstpr.lefoadreBdiowloergeicaanl Dimivperrospietyr vc.oEllPatAer,a6l5atFta. cSkupopn. t3hde
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00039
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 40 of 42
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
7"W42h, a7t6is0-c6l4ear(Nis.Dw. hCatalc. a2n0n1o4t)b. e Tchhaelldenisgteridc:t acnoaulyrtsensotaendd, rbRidcgcSseooeaeAErvecnmleCeDnlecgispln.isr"Cul"seaidstaBcdiriosnIlaoDeeedttcnosiad.eosrlndaeni.mwn"ootast.vai7atiIrde6hddate3eit.imoss.nineeateatcdiTtltmthyy7ioaeo6eacnn4nRcnhy.udyEa7rnlfetDlThaoee.chetwnfhtegWstiShseitdAsehhiptsCoasaurEttto,retSdiihbssiceAdeltbem.reeEmctaogihoPtn,naaugA7srttrhdt6tcr'cei4sahnno,taiodgueslwitllstsedethuhthdnreaineigcncptohehctErtdaeocCPhtdhooABauteuhvfrDc'reeeastt
tttcewfhhhooniaaarmdtmttthaAtbtnuoohilglgnttpeahheeaatoeratitrehoiruptodiengspcnrpshsruscopeloCacvaefuiocreBtfseidfiDeecnspspiisnceyonetosgnrgastnretttrieiehectrcasgddeiidiiiidiinserneeetnnhsimicttatsscsbohapiOirauntrtearhospmpteatdeshat.nu,hra"ictTannicttcrhgshamoueueBnlrsSaeewercAriaoeahpCrnchferedotttanhianordviamoteuenhtscae"itnlyn[stloopegs.1igtpjrnraeaeTotldltecidlihsirieotueuafegninccscdes,ttt ntaihnpoeptthcreooanvstteeaigtllpoeorrdofydptfoueoscuattriscssei"udcmbeo-anpcydlraoaoidfmpfuepsccotatsr"stsuepinnmleidtpaayldnytegobdeerccechhdaaaullslslepeenentgcghieeeesttph.heeesCtEEiBcPPDiAAdei''ssss papropdrouvcatsl othfatht ecopnetsatiicnidtheossjeusptebseticcaiudsees.the EPA later approves
RED1s]ThgeenSeAraCllydodeosesstnaotet cthoants"id[te]rhteheeccoulomguiclaatlivrieskorasssyensesrmgiesntitc[feoffretchtes palolseegdatbioynmisulatigpelenepreasltcicriidtieqsuoenowf tihldelEifPeAor'sthperoecnevsisrofonrmisesnuti.n.g. R."EBDust,tnhoist a challenge to the unique risks posed by particular products.
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00040
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 41 of 42
Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
41
the rTehreegmisatrjoatriiotynmofisasepsesthtiecimdearpkrobdyufcotcaunsidntgheonistshueafnaccet tohfaat RrrpREtirhneeelePErrivlacseeeADiolgvgnaliaivtmossainefttdbrratrfdeosaatieetcitnidioinrshqooivnsaunnat,tlhiintlrdn6iieeonyo9ecntnR1ctgilsiiepEgsF`snirihrDo..osuo3"tncbtdoaebiwtnsfnrG1esudthv0reheroa0sieatls.9svnRt,btadehaAeE1semdc0sCDtia2shpsautt.1te'h"anisnteecy(uc9Mtoothmttennheaadsajdie.jCTdiotrppOrieererueeirr.cptsmsasyt.2ttttsiiii0,3ccosnv14iitb.nadda2.utteeBoi)eto)Afsu.wn,drlpp,tehaA"rrh"aooat[oasT[utddutn]]uttughhhhooccheeeetttf wEHrticccnhaohhPoeieamaasrAustlleeclllp,teedahlasnnhipnteaggnoaayneetowbpectlstetseeyoousbvcitiaeetininhhscrptse,ifeiriudtostorRsehestrdwseueEbupceDirCctlrnsihoote.see"sar.fddnee,tutdgCwFe"ccirTtoBsobi'ttrhsuyrDhreaelefd'rtCtaxsiehEioaBgelcnPnmuiaoDsrActcpetteo'rolsgaetlhudolot,caaolirdohtviCeyennaserrBilafsatloniiDeblsauroneetaratgeedintssentodecueaeiwltdcbsaosrkp-aiicmnnutislhsdeotsaseeewoutidmdceRattsohlErsEiliatnenSnhaDtgoerAaeesaa.tt bptheeecstapiuceissdetiectihpdoreosdeautsciustsbsu-ocenlaitnihmeesagccrhohuaCnllldaeintmgheaftotthrheRosEeelPiepAfr.o'sduacptpsrcoovnatlaoinf
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Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00041
case: 14-16977, 02/02/2017, ID: 10299319, DktEntry: 71-1, Page 42 of 42
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Ct r . fo r B iological D iversity v . EPA
dsuisbtsriecqtuecnoturot]rdjeur,stasbeacapurasectitchaelymwatetreer tihmeprelewmoeunltdedbeinnoa RFtaecShpxhIEurFpcapoDllrRpuulose.gAsv,n3ihavg'dtsleehasasoptrjswutee7oeqrte6iiutr4stchieid.olreaienScbiRmmtiafniEioessclenDeneddtw.C"iienetnBhrnCeDattthhtitrr'eea.senfClccocyolBoiraumDuoiBrmrntptisroocotolcfhhophfaaegeaplarillpccepleeoanapnanlgtetlgDceaseill.mniusvtgsphetittoroohssnetiecsotpyo,ronReo6svfdE5iadutDdhFeceesrt.
The category four sub-claims fail to allege anything pptccaasoulofeaafbssrnciitte-rmtoiicmacccnliosuianisdnnliuaematdglhrstttsoatecw.hbsbmheeeioatpcuhpndatteciutsstethhsttoiereectiocirpStdtehreelcocerishvtdo.iaiuguEclIcarlePettwt.'sAensogaIdutnpelhilaspsdetttrmeehodarEeivedsePnas,pdapAytelphtsC'hresotoiaBfcctvpDitarerdhetid'eeeoqsgruapcaoitraprartoteyeppeddmrpgfuorotopcvhourttaevysrtlaoEssfltuoPhgbuboAaeyrttf
Sierra Club v. EPA 18cv3472 NDCA
Tier 3/4
ED 002061 00107999-00042