Document jgLNBLmezO1ZOqkG4bvaaKmbR

TUMORS OF, THE SKIN 189 Sail and Shear produced epitheliomas in the skin of mice painted with the basic fraction of creosote oil in benzene. Creosote epitheliomata are in most countries included among the compensa ble occupational diseases resulting from exposure to derivatives of tar (Carozzi). BIBLIOGRAPHY CREOSOTE Bridge, J. C., and Henry, S. A., Industrial Cancers. Report of the International Conference on Cancer. London 1928. John Wright & Sons, Ltd., Bristol. Bruusgaard, Forh. nord. dermat. For. 125, 1929. Zentralbl. f. Haut- u. Geschlechtskr. 31: 611, 1929. Carozzi, L., Acta 2: 3, 1937. Cookson, H. A., Brit. M. J. 1: 368, 1924. Epstein, A. A., Zentralbl. Gewerbehyg. 17: 256, 1930. Haldin-Davis, H., Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 29: 89, 1935. Heller, I., J. Indust. Hyg. 12: 169, 1930. Hope, E. W., Industrial Hygiene and Medicine, New York, William Wood & Co., 1923. Hudelo, Rabut, Cailliau and Mornet, Bull. Soc. frang. de dermat. et syph. 34: 144, 1927. Jacoby, discussion of Weiss, M., Beitr. z. klin. Chir. 154: 153, 1931. Kennaway, E. L., Brit. M. J. 1: 564, 1924. J. Industr. Hyg. 5: 462, 1923-1924. Laborde, S., Huguenin, R., and Boucabeille, O., Bull. Assoc, frang. p. l'etude du cancer 24: 400, 1935McCafferty, L., Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 16: 781, 1927. Mackenzie, S., Brit. J. Dermat. 10: 417, 1898. O'Donovan, W. J., Brit. J. Dermat. 32: 215 and 245, 1920. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 19: 595, 1929. Sall, R. D., and Shear, M. J., J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 1: 45, 1940. White, P. R., The Dermatergoses. London, H.K., Lewis & Co., 1928. p. 275. Wood, H. B., J. Cancer Research 13: 54, 1929. e. Anthracene Anthracene is a component of the "anthracene oil" which is obtained when tar is distilled at a temperature of 220-2joC. A crystalline mass settles out from this oily substance upon standing. This solid fraction, being about 5 per cent of the total consisting of a greenish material strongly smelling of creosote, is centrifuged out and then compressed into cakes (anthracene cakes) that contain the crude anthracene. The oily portion (green oil) is composed of volatile hydrocarbons, phenols, anthracene and its homologues. The solid matter is called "40 per cent anthracene". After having been shipped to the anthracene factory, the anthracene cakes are broken down by hand, ground, and subjected to a refining process, during which the material is-exposed to steam, washed with solvents (naphtha mixed with pyridine bases) in which anthracene is soluble. The resulting 85 per cent anthracene is then distilled with potash and lime, washed with solvent naphtha, sublimed, finally appear ing as an odorless, bluish white, fluorescent, scaly, crystalline matter which melts at 2i3C and which is an isomer of phenanthrene. The material re-