Document jaE3DrGX6ZpjOM95a7gMgnoO
Vinyl-Chloride Emissions Would Be Cut 90% Under Standard Proposed by EPA
* Wall Imrt Joibjul Sierr Xrporter
WASHINGTON--Declaring that a health risk exists lor 4.6 million people living near
vinyl-chloride plants, the government pro
posed requiring a W.% cut in air emissions of the cancer-linked chemical.
The standard proposed by trie Environ mental Protection Agency would require that the 60 or so existing manufacturers of
vinyl chloride and two sister compounds. "ethvlene dichloride and polyvinyl chloride,
install "best available" technology to limit emissions from their plants. Concentrations
of the chemicals in air around the plants currently average less than one part per million, the KPA said. Th new wouliTfeduce th.ii level to about O.j part per million.
^"TOtyl-chlorid* gw it used primarily in
the plastics industry to make polyvinyl
chloride, hr PVC. a plastic that la widely
used in consumer products and construction.
It has been under intense scrutiny, spurred
in pan by a B. F- Goodrich Co. unit report in January 1974 that several of its employes
had died from a rare liver cancer linked to exposures to the gas.
EPA Administrator Russell Train said i
that his agency doesn't know precisely what ' level is lew enough to eliminate any cancer 1
risk but that he hopes the proposed standard j
will reduce most of the cancer cases traced j
to the substance. From one to 30 cases of j cancer each year are attributable to vicinity j
exposure to vinyl chloride, he said. Cost to Manulacturer*
E
Mr. Tram said that meeting the new
standard would cost manufacturers about :
$196 million plus another $70 million each
year to maintain the required emission
levels.
That cost, he said, could force four
small plants, or O.Sft of the industry- **
close. These facilities, according to the EPA. are Occidental Petroleum Corp.'s poly-
vtnyl-chlonde plant in Hleksnlle, N.Y., and
three Jannet Corp. polyvinyl-chloride plants in Torrance. Calif.: Tucker. Ga.. and Somer
set. N.J. The plants employ a total of 30 workers.
Mr. Train said the agency considered re
quiring that emissions be eliminated en
tirely but feared that such a stringent stan dard would effectively close the enure in
dustry. Because the lapse between exposure
to vinyl chloride and the appearance of can- j
cer may be as much as 30 years. Mr. Train 1 said the EPa couldn't ignore the growing
public exposure to the gas- Vinyl-chloride
production is up about MOT* from IS to 30 years ago.
Workers' Exposure Reduced
In October 3974, after months of fact-find
ing and hearings marked by bitter contro
versy, the Labor Department ordered a cut
, in worker exposure to vinyl chloride within
the plant to one part per million from the
previously allowed SO porta per million. In
dustry officials bad warned that the rule
was so harsn it could lead to a total close
down of plants making PVC plastic vtnyi-
chioride gas. -
So far. however, only Uniroyal Inc. has
announced plans to close a plant rather
meet the worker-exposure standards. It
plans to close Its Palnesville, Ohio, PVC res
ins plant by March l.
The new EPa standard won't be adopted
formally until otter a -to-day period for pub lic comment and a public hearing. Mr. Train said he hopes to complete the process by late spring. Manufacturing plants would then hove 90 days to install the emissioncontrol equipment or to apply lor an exteit4 non. Tha agency could grant extensions of up to two years.
Industry spokesmen agreed on the need
to restrict plant emissions of vinyl-chloride gas but at the same time denied there was any known risk from such leaks into the
to be able to meet the requirements, even
though untried technology would have to be
developed to do tt. Poses No Overriding Problem
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., another
major maker, said the proposed standard is attainable "and poses no overriding problem lor Goodyear, which already is well along
the way to meeting it." A spokesman said in Akron that the company expects to make
"rather substantial" capital expenditures to meet the standard and that "regrettably,
atmosphere.
these additional costs ultimately will be re
"In the Public Interest" "We don't believe that there is any cur
flected in product costs."
'N
Both companies declined to estimate the
rent. nor has there been any past, risk to the health of individuals residing in the proxim
cost to them of meeting the EPA regulation.
ity of vinyl-chloride gas and polyvinyl-chlor-
Tenneco Inc. said In Houston that it is
fake-resin plants, but the VCM-PVC produc- { currently in compliance with some sections
ers agree that rigorous emission controls ' are in the public interest." said Ralph L.
of the proposed regulation and would be able I to meet the rest within the EPA's time lim
Harding Jr., president of the Society of the its.
Plastics Industry Inc.
The society represents makers of 99<7c of
the vtryi-ehioride-aionomer and polyvinyl-
j chloride plastic made in the U.S. Mr. Hard
er- big said fus group views the EPA * action as
v*ii `-primarily a precautionary step." But he 1
\: noted that the EPA's proposed standard
hasn't been studied m detail by industry rep
! resentatives and that further comment will be made within the normal rule-making pro
cedures preceding imposition of the require
ment. A spokesman for B. F. Goodrich Chemi
cal Co.. a unit of B. F. Goodrich Co.. Mid In
Akron. Ohio. "We recognise that there is a
need for control requirements and emission
limitations." He said the company expects
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