Document jN5a43xrDpVjJBjy2ZKZpgyw9

V , * -- ' / LrsM CRIMDEBN00000298 SC-ETM-0351 PUBLISHED By ELLIOTT COMPANY PITTSBURGH, PA. Manufacturen of Power and In * dustrial Plant Equipment. A com plete list of products manufactured by Elliott Company is given on the back cover of this issue. A list of District Offices and their addresses Is also' shown an the back cover. These offices main tain engineers, experienced in Power Plant operation and main tenance, who will be glad to co operate with you. POWERFAX is e magazine of information for engineers and op erators of steam and electric power plants, devoted mostly to the Reid covered by power equipment at manufactured by Elliott Company and its associates. The Lagonda Manufacturing Company, and Lib erty Manufacturing Company. PCWERfiW VOL. X SEPTEMBER 1932 No. 3 Published quarterly at Jeannette, Pa., and distributed free to power plants, engineers, superintendents, and those interested in power subjects. Address all communications to Elliott Company, Jeanneltc,[Pa.,rC. W. Kalbfus, Advertising Manager. * Number of copies printed and mailed this issue, 21,640. TABLE OF CONTENTS Power For Pipe Coverings (The Philip Carey Mfg. Co.). By D. L. Barbour, Turbine Engineering Department Elliott Company, Jeannette, Pa. Page 3 ANew Power Plant for a Medical School (Washington University) T By C. L. Draper, District Manager, Elliott Company, St. Louis, Mo. * Savings were 51% instead of 22%.............................................. 9 Powering Motors on Hot Strip Mill............................................ 11 By V. M. Bbeler. Sales Engineer, Elliott Company, Cleveland, Ohio Continuous Filtering of Brine..................................................... l-l . The Treatment of Timber (Timber Preservers Lid.).................. 18 . By B. H. Rawson, Consulting Timber Engineer, Portland, Oregon The Use of Ejectors in Creosoting Work.................................... 22 Chicago Hospital (Alexian Brothers) Installs New Power Units 24 By J. M. Maag, Sales Engineer, Elliott Company, Chicago, III. ' Deaerator Eliminates Corrosion (Indiana University Hospitals) 28 By J. A. Gbrlacu, Sales Engineer, Elliott Company, Indianapolis, Ind. Mechanical Drive Turbines for High Pressure and Temperature 29 Editorial......................................................................................... 10 Jokes............................................................................................... 30 Copyrighl, 193f, EUioll Company, PilUburgh, Pa. s CRIMDEBN00000299 F A L L-.POWERFAX . 1 9 3 2 ^==----- - i- -ui. (Powe* for (Piippee Gvjovenrujs By D. L. BARBOUR Turbine Engineering Department Glliotl Company, Jeannelle, Pa. hb interrelation of industry Tis well illustrated in the case of the Philip Carey Manu facturing Company's plant at Ply mouth Meeting, Pa. This plant makes pipe covering materials mainly for use in power plants. In turn, they require a consider able amount of power in their manufacturing processes and have recently installed a modem boiler plant and turbine-generator unit. Naturally, not many heat units are wasted in this plant due to any lack of proper heat insulation. The utilization and production Exterior of the neu> boiler home of the Philip Carey Mfrj. Co., Plymouth Meeting, Pa. of power in the several Carey plants is unique and interesting.- Their Canadian asbestos mining THE PHILIP CAREY MANUFACTURING COM properties, which are among the world's largest producers of as PANY, PLYMOUTH MEETING, PA,, REQUIRES bestos, are probably the only ones completely electrified. Not only is UP-TO-DATE BOILER AND POWER PLANT the mill itself operated by electric power, but all quarrying and min ing is carried on by electric shovels Cincinnati, Ohio. Here they pro ing, and asbestos products of all and the ore is hauled by electric duce residential and commercial kinds, all of which have a wide locomotives. The main plant of roofing materials, waterproofing use in the building industry. This the Philip Carey Manufacturing felts and pitches, heat insulating plant has the most unique power ^ Company is located at Lockland, products, asphalt industrial floor plant ever installed by industry. 3] CRIMDEBN00000300 fall.P6WERFAX 1 9. 3 ! It has a steam boiler plant capable of operating at 1840 lbs. steam pressure and reciprocating engines operating at 1400 lbs. steam pres sure. While the Plymouth Meeting plant produces magnesia powders in the form of carbonates and ox ides, both technical and pharma ceutical, the greatest part of its output consists of heat insulating materials--asbestos products for temperatures up to 300F.; 85% magnesia products for tempera tures up to 550F.; Hi-Temp No. 12 products for temperatures up to 1200F. Interior view in Uie boiler house, showing coal pulverisers and burners. Left--A n Elliott 110-hp. turbine drives one gf the two boiler feed pumps. This turbine has a special excess pressure governor which regulates speed according to boiler require ments. The raw material from which this line of heat insulating ma terials is made is mostly dolomite rock, which-is obtained from the company's quarries adjacent to the manufacturing plant. Therock is first hand-broken to uniform size. It then goes to kilns, where it is burned with coke, in which process it gives off large quantities of carbon dioxide gas which, in turn, is used in one of the next steps of the process for the precipi tation and separation of the mag nesia in the form of magnesium carbonate which constitutes 50 per cent of the mineral content of the rock. All plant operation at Plymouth Meeting is under rigid chemical control, with the result that the quality of the product is uniform ly maintained atthehigheststand ard, and the company takes pride in the strength and insulating qual ities of the finished products which go back to the high quality of fibre and method of manufacturing. In the operation of the plant, considerable electric power and steam are required. The power load consists mainly of some 280 induction motors scattered throughout the plant. Fifty-six of these motors are used in driving drying-room fans, and there are various pumps, conveyors, blow ers, mixers and power-house aux iliaries which require motors vary ing in size from fractional horse power up to 100 hp. The connect ed load is 1000 kw., and peak loacjp [41 CRIMDEBN00000301 F A L L . POf ERFAX . 1 9 3 s njoituj is one \rbinc jjhich (dire- the jrmandtride (ualhich fibre >r lant. and iwer 280 :red ix of ving are lowauxaryarselectoads of 950 kw. have been recorded. at 150 lbs. gauge pressure in seven yard equipped with a drag line, Plant power factor averages 88 obsolescent boilers for driving nu and passes through a hopper to per cent. merous CO? compressors, pumps the crusher and thence by con In manufacturing processes re and other equipment, the balance veyor to the 550 - ton capacity quiring considerable amounts of of the low-pressure steam required bunker at the topi of the boiler electrical power as well as process for process being obtained by house, where it is distributed by steam, it is frequently determined means of reducing valves direct a weigh larry. From the bunker, by means of an engineering anal from the boilers. Electric power the coal flows to three motor-driv ysis of operating costs, that very was purchased. en pulverizers on the operating substantial savings can be made As a result of this survey, Mr. floor. There are two 1000 b.h.p. by installing a modern high-pres Dyer recommended the installa steam generating units, only one sure boiler plant and turbine-gen tion of a complete new high-pres of which is required for the maxi erator units of the bleeder type. sure boiler plant, generating steam mum steam load. The boilers are Naturally, the characteristics of at 350 lbs. gauge, with a small equipped with air preheaters,'in the various necessary elements of amount of superheat, and a 1000 tegral economizers, water-cooled the installation must be very care kw. non-condensing bleeder type furnaces, steel-clad insulated set fully chosen, after considering al turbine - generator unit, designed tings, soot blowers, motor-driven ternate possible solutions of the for 325 lbs. initial pressure, bleed forced and induced draft fans, au problem, to lit the power and proc ing steam at 145 lbs. and exhaust tomatic draft control and feed ess steam requirements ofthe man- ing at 5 lbs. gauge. The new equip water regulators. There are two ufacturing plant. ment went into regular operation boiler feed pumps, one of which Jn 1928, the Philip Carey Man early in 1929. is motor-driven and is ordinarily ufacturing Company commis The new boiler plant is located used, while the other, driven by sioned W. E. S. Dyer, Consulting about 150 feet from the power an Elliott 110-hp. turbine, is held and Designing Engineer, Phila- house, and is - thoroughly up-to- ip reserve. delphia, to make an engineering date in design and equipment. About 55 per cent make-up feed survey of the plant at Plymouth Screened bituminous coal is water is required, since a consider M eeting. Previous to this investi dumped from the cars to a con able part of the process steam is gation, steam had been generated veyor leading to a covered storage not available as condensate. The , (51 1. CRIMDEBN00000302 FALL' I POWERFAX 19 3 2 raw water comes from springs lo cated in a disused quarry, and is very hard. For this reason a-rather elaborate hot process feed water treatment was installed. A con tinuous blow-down system is em ployed in connection with a heat exchanger, which raises the raw .water temperature to about 80F. Thence it passes to an open heat er, where the temperature is raised to about 220F. by the return con densate from the dryers, and drains i by gravity to the sedimentation tank and then to the hot well. From there it is pumped through the filter tanks to the deaerator 'in the boiler room, and thence through the feed pump to the boil ers, still at about 220F. An over head storage tank floats on the line. The piping between the boiler house and the power house is car ried on overhead supports, and is ' provided with adequate heat in sulation and expansion bends. The power house contains the generator units, C02 compressors and an air compressor. The gen erating units are all alternating current, 3 phase, 60 cycles, 480 volts. A 404iw. geared non-con . densing turbo-alternator was pur chased for additional emergency capacity, but it is practically never operated. . The Elliott 1000-kw. turbine- All water used in the plant pastel through this Tain Strainer, heated in a shed out in ' the quarry. General view in the compressor room. generator unit, with direct-con pletely every six months, andabout nected exciter, takes steam from, 2 gallons make-up are added each the high-pressure header at 325 week. lbs. gauge, and exhausts to the Seven recriprocating gas com process steam line at 5 lbs. gauge. pressors and an air compressor in It is designed for automatic ex the power house, and also hoisting' traction, at 145 lbs. gauge, con engines and various steam pumps stant bleeder pressure, of a maxi in the manufacturing plant are mum of 70,000 lbs. per hour at operated on 145-lb. steam bled fall load. In order to obtain close from the Elliott turbine. A reduc speed regulation with fluctuating ing valve is provided for emer bled steam demand, and also to gency use between the 325-lb. and make it entirely suitable for fu 145-lb. headers. The main turbine ture operation in parallel with oth as well as the compressors, stand er units, it is provided with a speed by generating units and steam compensated valve gear, in which pumps, exhaust at 5 lbs. gauge to the bleeder pressure regulator is the process line supplying the dry interconnected with the constant ers and other manufacturing equipr speed governor. Provision is also ment. Under normal 'production made against "over bleeding", to conditions, the heat balance of the prevent the unit from losing its entire plant is excellent. electrical load in case of'a bled The decision to put in this new steam demand beyond the capaci power plant equipment of course ty of the unit. This unit has been rested on the definite prediction in service 24 hours a day for over that the sayings realized1' would two years, and is shut down only retire the whole investment in a for a few hours once each month favorably short period of years. for cleaning oil and water strain The results of the first two years ers, testing the emergency gover of regular operation of the new nor, and routine inspection. In ad hoiler plant and Elliott turbinedition, it is given a complete in generator indicate that the pre ternal inspection once each-year. dicted rate of investment retire The lubricating oil is changed com ment is being secured. ' . (61 b CRIMDEBN00000303 n' !VT ! F A L L . POWERFAX .1 9 J 2 about . each com- I sor in isting umps [' I t are bled i educ- emer- >. and trbine : tand- j team ige to 3 dry- ' i : iquipr iction ) ' of the ! 3 new ourse iction would ; in a years. years new rbinei pre terite- I | ; ; : .. , Exterior oj Euclid Avenue Power and Service Station of Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louie, Mo. In the rear, the thirteen-story McMiUan Hospital, one of a number of hospital buildings covering approximalety'eight blocks, served by the Station. ounded about seventy-five THE EUCLID AVENUE POWER AND SERVICE F years ago, the Washington University School of Medi STATION OF THE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY cine has grown to be one of tSheCHOOL OF MEDICINE, SAINT LOUIS, MISSOURI largest and best known institu tions of its kind in this country. By C. L. DRAPER, District Manager, In addition to the School of Medi Elliott Company, St. Louis. Mo. cine, there are various hospital units, including a School for Nurs up with the natural growth of the on the best procedure. After mak es and the Shriners' Hospital for institutions. In 1930, with the ad ing their recommendations, this Crippled Children, in this group. dition ofseveral new buildings and firm was employed to draw up de The institution is ideally located the demand for additional equip signs, write specifications, and su where South Kingshighway and ment for research work, it was ' pervise the installation of the new Euclid Avenue meet, directly decided to rebuild the power and apparatus. across the boulevard from Forest service station and install new and The principal additions includ Park. up - to - date machinery, replac ed: four 550-h'p. multi-drum boil Long ago the trustees recog ing the old equipment which had ers, with chain-gratestokers, forced nized the importance of a reliable served since about 1912. draft fans, coal and ash handling independent source of electrical Baumes - McDevitt Company, equipment, boiler feed pumps and energy and steam for heating. Con Consulting Engineers, of Saint all auxiliary equipment; a 1250 sequently, there has been a steady Louis, were retained to make a kw. non - condensing turbo - alter increase of these facilities to keep study of the situation and report nator; switchboard; three 80,000- (71 CRIMDEBN00000304 t fall. POWERFAX 19 3 2 gallon zeolite water softeners and other miscellaneous apparatus for domestic hot water service; two 50-ton and one 40-ton motor-driv en ammonia compressors and con densers, brine coolers and pomps; one 260,000 lbs. per hour Elliott deaerating feed water heater. ' It was necessary, under the di rection of the Engineers, to re move three old boilers and re-lo cate two existing 600-kw. non-con densing turbo - alternators. This was accomplished without inter rupting the service at any time. Steam is generated at 250 lbs. gauge pressure for operation of the main generating units and highpressure steam auxiliaries which exhaust against a back, pressure of 1.5 lbs. gauge. Exhaust steam has many uses, as it is used for heating the buildings, for heating domestic hot water and water for the laun dries. High-pressure steam is used for cooking, sterilizing and mak ing up any deficiency in the lowpressure system. All hot water for the laundries, of which there are several, is softened and heated in the main service station in order to utilize the exhaust from the main generating units to the full est advantage. The heat balance, ' as estimated before the plant was built, has been very .effectively maintained, especially during the non-heating season. Condensate returns provide ap proximately 85 per cent of the water going to the boiler feed wa ter heater. Condensate from the heating systems and hot water generators is returned to a large sump in the plant, and from this point is pumped to a surge tank located about 15 feet above the Elliott deaerating feed water heat er. The surge tank is provided with a metered make - up connection from the zeolite softeners. The wa ter from the surge tank flows by gravity into the heater under the control of the regular float-oper ated heater inlet valve. All water is metered between heater and boiler feed pumps, and each boiler has a steam flow me ter. All distribution steam lines are completely equipped to meas ure steam supplied to station aux iliaries, to the main generating units, make-up steam to heating system and steam distribution to various buildings and laundries. Production records are obtained [1 CRIMDEBN00000305 fall. POWERFAX 1 9 3 S Piling aisle in the boiler mom. daily from meters, which record in order that each institution-can the service supplied each building, be charged with its proportional share of the plant operating costs. Complete daily records are kept and an analysis made each month on operation and costs. Requirements ofthis station are: steam--approximately 120,000 lbs. per hour: electrical energy-- about 1250 kw., and the equiva lent of 100 tons refrigeration to serve the cold storage space throughout the various buildings (at present a little more than 25, 000 cubic feet), as well as cold drinking water service for the en tire group. The present peak re quirement for domestic hot water service amounts to about 25,000 gallons per hour. We are indebted to the BaumesMcDevitt Company for the infor mation here given and for the photographs reproduced. It might further be stated that in addition to the Euclid Avenue plant, described above, the Wash ington University also operates a Campus plant, located several miles away, where an Elliott 300 kw. turbine-generator has been in service for a number of years. i amup were 51% uzslead of he leading article in the June, 1932 POWERFAX told the story back of the power and heat supply of an un named industrial plant. In analyz ing the cost of a new plant and balancing this cost against sav ings, the statement was made that the existing steam plant was in adequate and that $80,000 would have been required for steam plant changes and additions in any event. Then it was stated that the addi tional investment to install a more economical plant was $140,000. It should have been pointed out that this $140,000 was the total new investment to cover both steam and power generation equipment. This would mean, therefore, that the difference be tween $140,000 and $80,000, or $60,000, would be the actual in vestment chargeable against pow er generation. Therefore, on an estimated sav ing of $30,665, the saving to be expected was 51.2%, rather than. 22%, as stated in the article. After the first year's operation, as stated at the end of the article, the actual savings were $31,200, or a little better than anticipated, and ifnor mal plant operation had been pos sible, the saving would surely have been $40,000, or a saving of66% on the capital investment of $60,000, which shows the profitable nature of the revamped power plant. 19] ii CRIMDEBN00000306 F A L L.POWERFAX . 1 9 3 J pcwerfax A magazine or information for engineers and operators ofsleam and electric power plants, devoted mostly to the field covered by power.equipment as manufactured by Elliott Company and its associates, The Lagonda Manufacturing Company, and Liberty Manufacturing Company. - : FRONT COVER , BRAIN TEASERS Our Photographer gives us thi3 Naturally, we'had worked out time a pleasing composition of a the little problem presented in the big power plant looming up across Summer issue of Powbrfax be the water. If there is anything fore publishing it, but Mr. R. C. that seems appropriately to set Cox, 9821 South Leavitt Street, off the awe-inspiring lines of a Chicago, Illinois, worked up and typical modern central station, it sent in the solution of this prob is the view with a foreground of lem in a most compact form. It is water. A strategic location from so neatly done that we give it be the standpoint of economics, wa low. You remember the problem. terside also seems appropriate to A courier started from the rear of the casual eye. a 20-mile infantry column, deliv ered a message to the head, re turnedtotherear.When he reached PERSONNEL CHANGES the rear, it was at the point occu pied by the head of the column Mr. H. D. Storer, who for many when he started his trip. The ques years has been manager of the tion was how far did the courier Marine Department of Elliott travel. Here's Mr. Cox's solution: Company and located in New York, has now assumed also the management ofthe New York Dis trict Sales Territory. Mr. Storer's office location remains at 290S Transportation Building, 225 Broadway. "By the time the courier reaches the bead of the column, it bos moved up some distance, x. The courier has now traveled 20 x miles. He returns, re tracing the distance x to the point where the head of the file formerly was. He has now covered 20. + 2x miles in the same time that the infantry has covered 20 miles, or a ratio 20 jj,2*- At the Ridgway Works, the fol lowing personnel changes have been announced. Mr. M. E. Thompson, consulting engineer, Mr. A. B. Owen, engineer, and Mr. W. H. Johns, shop superin "While returning over the distance x, the column has moved up 20 -- x miles, or a ratio These two ra tios are necessarily equal, so the equa tion IS --jj-- " Solving, x = 14.14:and 20 + 2* 48.28, the distance in tuiles which the courier traveled." tendent have been retired from active service. -W. R. C. Ease, formerly manager of the Service Department becomes shop super Here's an intriguing little prob lem which is not so tough, if you go at it right: y intendent and Mr. H. A. Erb, for A number ends in the figure 2. Move the figure 2 from the end to the bagin- merly of the Blower Department ' ning of the number. The number is assumes the duties of Service De partment manager. now just twice as great os the original number. What was the original num ber? After you have worked this out, try the same thing with the num ber ending in something else, say, the figure 9. You will discover something. IN THIS ISSUE Two Deaerator installations are mentioned. The one at Washing ton University is a power plant deaerating heater. It serves as an efficient feed water heater and also prevents corrosion in the boilers. The unit at Indiana University Hospitals is a domestic hot water deaerator, and it solves the corro sion problem in a hot water piping system. The two deaerators are considerably different, being de signed for different types of serv ice. * ON THE TEST BLOCK Two Elliott engine-generator units. Every such unit is complete ly erected and fully tested in the shop. Often these, testa are run for several days under full and over load conditions, which' are often more severe than any that will ever be encountered when the unit is in actual service. ' [10] CRIMDEBN00000307 out, iumsay, ,-Over f a l l . POWERFAX t 932 s are lingplant is an (also ilers. rsity rater orroiping . are ; deserv- A stew of the indisidual roll irises on runout tables, taken from the finishing stand, 87 motors and 87 rolls comprise this installation. B rator iletei the in for overoften . will junit ! owennq wMotors on 3~Eot Strip J4dL INDIVIDUAL ELECTRIC DRIVE AFFORDS RELIA ing motors range in horsepower from approximately 1500 to 5000 BILITY AND FLEXIBILITY FOR RUNOUT TABLES each and may be direct-current By V. M. BEELER, Saks Engineer, adjustable speed or alternating current with adjustable frequency Elliott Company, Cleveland, Ohio through modified secondary con trol to get speed change. All rolls n the steel industry the mod starting, with minimum time loss, in this set have a speed range of I ern hot strip mill has imposed upon it a demand for a con and close speed regulation are fun-' approximately 1.75:1, the last roll damental for economical produc running fastest at a speed range siderable variety of sheet. In ation. generally of 150 to 250 r.p.m. with 16" mill for instance, thi&ness From the drive standpoint a a lineal speed of the strip from specification in different runs may typical 16" hot strip mill may be 635 to 1060 feet per minute. The range from .050" to .250"--with considered in three sections. strip upon leaving the last finish length and width of strip likewise (1) The Main Rolls--In these ing roll is traveling just about ten varying between wide limits de rolls or stands, of which there may times as fast as it was when it pending upon the exact require be eight to ten in succession, the entered the first roughing roll as ments of the individual order. In steel is shaped from the billet to a billet. Close speed regulation be a continuous mill of this sort, op the strip of a specified gauge thick tween the successive rolls is es i erating at a selection of relatively ness and width. The speed of these sential to maintain the proper ten- . Ii high speeds, electric drives having rolls differs one from the other, sion on the strip when passing considerable flexibility are most the rolls running faster as the strip from one roll to the other. essential. Frequent stopping and gets thinner. The main roll driv- (2) Runout Tables--These tables i 111] Il i CRIMDEBN00000308 F A L L . POWERFAX 1 9 3 S comprise a series ofpropelling rolls, tionary element carrying the wind trical and mechanical troubles in either group or individually driv ing is pressed onto the roll shaft any section. The drives for the en, which carry the finished hot which is starionary. In the case of runout tables have been given spe strip away from the last finishing a.c. drives, the speed selection is cial attention by steel mill engi roll to the shears and coiling ma - generally obtained by adjustable neers in recent years as it was felt chine. Speed control here must be frequency from an inverted motor- that flexibility and reliability could independent of the main roll mo generator set. both be improved for that par tors and also permit of fine ad (3) Shears and Coiling Machine ticular part of the mill. justment to keep the strip under --From the runout tables the strip At Warren, Ohio, The Republic slight tension to prevent buck passes through the shears for cut Steel Corporation has, in addition ling. Frequent as well .as quick ting into specified lengths and then to other mills, a 16* hot strip mill starting and stopping are neces to the coiling machine where it is in which the runout table drives sary in this drive as the runout coiled for shipment. Motor.drive have recently been improved. It tables control the strip to the and control are individual for these is desired to describe the electrical shears for cutting into a variety two machines, the coder being ad part of this runout drive briefly, of specified lengths. Drives for the justable speed so as to keep pace not because it represents anything runout tables have been "group" in coiling the strip as fast as it is especially new in application prin by adjustable speed geared direct- fed off the runout tables. ciple, but because it illustrates the current motors or by individual From the above it is apparent fact that cooperation and under drive from geared alternating-cur that for continuous production the standing between steel mill en rent motors. Some a.c. individual various sections of the mill must gineers and electrical design en drives are "direct" driven by slow- be properly correlated, with a wide gineers is producing many success speed squirrel cage motors in which range of speed adjustment, and ful major steel mill drives with case the motor is "inverted", drives selected which will cause a greatly improved flexibility and mounted inside the roll; the sta minimum of shutdowns from elec lowered maintenance and produc- [121 CRIMDEBN00000309 les in r the nspeengias felt could . par- public iition p mill irives 3d. It ;trical riefly, "thing . prines the inder11 enn enccess- with / and oduc- . d strip FALL POWERFAX t * 3 8 tion costs. On the runout tables at Warren, Republic engineers have taken a unique advantage of the desirable characteristics of both alternating and direct cur rent and have harnessed these two different types of power to the one drive with excellent results. Previous to the recent change the rolls on the runout tables were arranged in threesuccessivegroups, each group driven by a geared 40- hp. adjustable speed d.c. motor with a gear at each roll. This method had some disadvantages as follows: . 1--Large number of gears made excessive noise with high lubricantandmaintenancecosts. 2--Motor or gear trouble at any roll necessitated a shutdown of the entire group, causing de layed production. 3--Large number of gears die not conform to latest safety regu lations. It was felt the above disadvan tages could be eliminated and im provement in flexibility of both drive and control could be ob tained by individually motorizing each roll with a geared squirrel cage a.c. motor of special design, speed control to be obtained by adjustable frequency from an in verted motor-generator set. With this done the present drive now consists of: Individual A. C. Motor Drive for Each Roll ' Each of the 87 rolls of the run out table is individually driven by a nominally rated geared 3-hp., 3-phase enclosed squirrel cage mo tor 570/1140 r.p.m., 147/293 volts, 40/80 cycles. The 87 motors are arranged in three groups, each group subject to starting and stop ping independently of . the other two groups. Further flexibility is obtained by providing three rao- tor circuits in each group and then equipping each individual motor with a thermally protected line switch. From the flexibility stand point this means: 1--If. trouble develops in any plugging for quick stop at all speeds and frequencies. This has meant increase in mill output and a de pendable drive due to the high re liability factor of the squirrel cage motor. Control The control is essentially full magnetic with remote manual master switches located in the pul pit and at the tables in the mill room.Thesix-panel switchboard in the generator room provides d.c. motor and a.c. generator . panels with three motor distri bution panels. The pulpitopera- tor, through a remote-control led motor-operated motor Held rheostat, sets the frequency of the d.c.-a.c. motor-generator set powering the runout table roll motors, to give the desired lineal feet per minute of the run out which he reads on a tachom Staior of the Elliott compensated direct- current driting motor of the inserted motorgenerator set. Laminated sheet steel yoke and the distribution of the strap copper compensating winding are shown. eter. The shear operators, through line start and reverse plug stop, control the feed of the strip from the last two tables or hot motor circuit only one-third of the bed, to the shears for cutting into motors in that group are down, proper lengths and then to the and the mill continues to run. The coiling machine. The speed of the remaining eight circuits and driv rolls on all three runout tables is, ing motors are unaffected. however, set by the pulpit oper 2--If trouble develops with an ator. individual roll or motor that one member may be isolated by its Motor-Generator Set--Power line switch and the mill continues ing A.C. Runout Table Motors to run. ' The d.c.-a.c. motor-generator 3-- Each group of motors and furnishing power to the 87 three- rolls is under separate control of hp. motors on the runout table the operators and can be handled rolls must have some unusual char independently of the other two acteristics to meet the service con groups. ditions imposed upon it. Two- 4-- All motors in all groups op thirds of these 87 motors driving erate at the same constant speed the hot-bed rolls may be line- as determined by the frequency started or plug-stoppedat frequent setting of the a.c. generator which intervals independently of line powers the drive. . starting of the remaining one- 5-- The squirrel cage motors are third of the motors on the runout subject to full voltage for quick tables, from the finishing stand. starting of the rolls and to reverse .This operating cycle imposes se- [13] CRIMDEBN00000310 - I facl.POWERFAX. 19 3 2 ; vere cumulative current peaks sheet steel in both the pole aiid conventional field winding, so that on tire a.c. generator, at frequent yoke structure. This forms a quick- field strengthening is automatic intervals. Under these extreme response magnetic circuit so that and proportional to the load. The load conditions the d.c. motor driv any change in motor field current proper a.c. voltage is thus avail ing the motor-generator set must. imposed by the operator in the able for quick starting and plug hold constant speed to maintain' mill room pulpit, is followed in stopping of the squirrel cage mo the frequency setting and the a.c. stantly by the proper motor speed tors under normal operation of the generator must hold up in voltage to give the frequency, and hence mill. Field forcing by means of field to produce the torque necessary the speed setting of the runout forcing relays may be cnt in to i for quick stopping and starting of table induction motors to corre function automatically to assistthe the strip-on the tables. spond to the desired lineal feet special field strengthening winding The Elliott 500-kv.-a. d.c.-a.c. per minute of the strip Grom the and maintain the speed of start motor - generator set, illustrated mill. It is important that very ing and stopping at high operating here, was selected for this service little time lag occur between the speeds and forced mill output. since it embodied inherent elec setting of the master switch in the . The motor-generator set is es trical design features which made pulpit and the actual speed re pecially rugged mechanically and it most adaptable to the fluctuat sponse on the runout table. is enclosed to draw washed air ing load conditions. The 3-phase adjustable fre from the ducts below and exhaust i i The d.c. driving motor is fully quency 500-kv.-a. alternator ofthe out the top half of both the motor compensated with the compensat motor-generator set encounters and alternator. The laminated field ing winding of insulated strap cop some extreme peaks due to the yokes in both motor and alterna per completely distributed around plugging and line starting of the torprovideventilating channels for the entire magnetic area of the 87 three-hp. squirrel cage motors air passage which gives low oper armature in close proximity to the on the tables. Since these peaks ating temperatures. armature conductors. This pre follow at frequent intervals, the The operation of this entire mill vents field distortion even at ex alternator must have a liberalther has more than met the expectation treme peak loads and affords mal capacity. For quick starting of its designers. The flexibility of sparkless commutation and close and stopping of the motors, the the electric drive utilizes the mill speed regulation, both important voltage should hold up fairly close most advantageously for economy features in an adjustable-speed to normal under the low power in production and uniformity of d.c. motor for this service. Another factorpeaks. This alternator is pro product regardless of the output unusual characteristic of this El vided with a special field strength demands and regardless of the va liott motor is the use of laminated ening winding, auxiliary to the riety of strip to be handled. Ooniumous filtering of lBrine i< '[ the refining of salt, every steps of filtering. The twin con r precaution must be taken to struction of this filter allows con produce a product of abso tinuous service, as one side is al lute purity. Elaborate methods owf ays in use while the other side is filtering arethereforerequired. Theavailable for changing the filter photograph reproduced at the cloth. Such careful filtering is one right shows an Elliott twin filter of the many means taken to insure in the plant of the Worcester Salt 100 per cent purity ofthe salt, bear Company, Silver Springs, New ing out the slogan of the Worcester York. It is used as a final element Salt Company, "It takes the best in a carefully selected series or to make the best". [141 CRIMDEBN00000311 3 thal malic . The avail- plug e moofthe f field in to st the nding start.ating it. is es1 and d air hausl nolor i field ;ernaelsfor oper- e mill .ation ity of e mill nomy .ty of utput le va- STRAINERS in the worlds largest station H ELLIOTT COMPANY PITTSBURGH, PA. ' Accessories Department Jeannette, Pa. District Offices m Principal Cities A solid rank of these trouble-savers demonstrates forcibly the confidence with which they were selected for the Hudson Avenue Station. In this famous plant, as in hundreds of others, large and small. Twin Strainers are giving absolutely non stop service, providing complete protection. When a Twin Strainer,basket becomes fouled, a few turns of a handwheel diverts the flow through the alternate basket. Then, when convenient, a few minutes suffice to remove the cover, lift out the fouled basket, dump it and replace. Mean while the alternate basket is in service and there is no interrup-. tion to the flow. Twin Strainers can be installed anywhere in the line, in almost any position. They are invaluable for water, oil--lubri- ' eating or fuel, or any liquid sufficiently fluid to pass the basket mesh. They are made in all types and sizes. We also make Single Strainers, for use where constant flow is not essential. Write for the bulletin. [151 CRIMDEBN00000312 AVINC in putting the RIGHT POWER PLANT Deaerating heaters not only pay for themselves in preventing corrosion in boilers, economizers and piping, but they also give the most efficient possible feed water heating. Elliott deaerating heaters heat up to steam temperature and deaerate down to zero oxygen. They are made in all sizes, and de- signs are so flexible that they may be adapt4 ed for any condition. A turbine-generator can pay for it self in many an industrial plant in a short while--sometimes by superseding older equipment with modern, more ef ficient units, sometimes by making pow er from steam before it is used in process or heating, sometupes by' using highpressure steam from new boilers and ex hausting at fairly high back-pressure to an old system. In any case, the reliability of Elliott turbines is an extra economy. An engine-generator unit can be furnished to suit your heat- -' balance and your requirements for exhaust steam. EUiott builds all types of steam engines--single valve, four-valve and unaflow. Steam consumption and first cost among these three types give a range of choice. Elliott gives unbi ased recommendations between these types of engines and also in comparisonwithturbine-generators. Elliott builds the generator with the engine or turbine in all cases. CRIMDEBN00000313 *vNT EQUIPMENT in the RIGHT PLACE Elliott Engineers can help you do it The cheap protection of reliable strainers ' " saves costly repairs. It is wise economy to install a Twin Strainer and save a pump , from very probable damage. Twin Strainers give continuous,uninterrupted protection. You clean one side of the strainer while the other is in operation.EUiott also builds SingleStrainers of solid construction equaling that of Twin Strainers. ' Heat balance requirements de1 termine whether auxiliaries should be driven by motors or tur bines. Elliott builds both, is therefore unprejudiced, can help you decide which you require if need be. The uni form reliability of Elliott mechanical drive turbines and motors, and their unvarying high standard of construe-' tion adds to the natural economy of the drive and also to the dependabili ty of your auxiliaries. For producing and maintaining vacuum either in * connection with condensers in power plants or in various industrial process applications, Elliott steam jet ejectors are big money savers. Not only in initial cost, but almost always in steam consumption and most surely in reduced maintenance, repairs and supervision. Elliott ejectors get high vacuum economically, and there is a type for every application. CRIMDEBN00000314 F A L L.POWERFAX . t 9 3 i Timber Pretenen, Lid., Boiler and Betorl House. exactly 100 years ago, in Great Britain, when Mr. John Howard Kyan took out his first patent in xZreatment September, 1832, in which he used corrosive sublimate for treat ing timber. In July 1838, Mr. John Bethel took out patents for pre of ^Lmb>ier serving timber, and other sub stances, this process being in re ality the forerunner of the present creosoting process. In July 1838, Sir William Burnett also took out AN ACCOUNT OF THE METHODS USED BY TIM patents on timber preservation, BER PRESERVERS LTD., VANCOUVER, B.C. this process using zinc chloride as a preservative. Later on Mr. S. B. By R. H. RAWSON, Consulting Timber Engineer, Portland, Oregon Boulton took out a series of pat ents, starting in March 1865, and still later, in 1879,1882 and 1883, he patented the process that was N THE CONSTRUCTION Of the I new timber treating plant of the Timber Preservers Limit ed, on the north arm of the Fraser rious timber treating processes in commercial use. Before giving a description of this plant, the reader may be in the forerunner of the one now used by practically all of the commer cial timber treating plants on the West Coast of the North Ameri River, near New Westminster, B. terested in a few historical facts can Continent. These early pio C., an endeavor has been made showing the developments of tim neers in the timber treating in to develop a plant that was ca ber treating, here and abroad. dustry found that it was neces pable of treating all of our West The foundation of our modern sary either to air dry the material Coast forest products with the va timber treating practice was laid before treatment or to use some [181 CRIMDEBN00000315 f a ll.POWERFAX artificial means of seasoning. Fre quently it was not possible to wait a long period of.time for the wood to air dry and, as a result,.they literally baked it in a huge oven, carrying a sufficient amountofheat to dry the wood. This process of subjecting the timber to dry heat was sometimes called "stoving", but invariably it was found that the timbers were injured; undoubt ed ly this fact caused Mr. Boulton to develop his process wherein he boils the timber in oil under a vacuum. On this side of the Atlantic, ex periments were conducted in 1838, 193S Jreat ward nt in a he reatJohn pre subn re sent 1838, t out lion, de as S.B. pat , and 1883, ; was used imern the meri- piog iniecesterial some u. Fix \ob "2''' Sr-2** A view in Ute retort room. Timber Preserver!, Ltd., Vancouver, B. C. (Left)--A closer view, showing the Elliott Twin Type "C" Ejector. At the left behind the pipe is the Type "AL" Ejector and air meter. treatment, using zinc chloride, is still consider ed standard, and very -r; j U| -1/S ; ' '-I ;- y- good results are being obtained in prolonging the life of crossties and construction material. About the first record using the Kyanizing process, when we have of using the creosoting a few chestnut railway ties were process on this side of the Atlan treated and used in Maryland. Lat tic is an account of experiments er, various experiments were con conducted bythe Philadelphia and ducted with this process in small Reading Railroad in 1854. plants built in the Eastern portion Later on various timber treat of the United States, but the proc ing plants were built in the United ess never seemed to prove popular. States and Canada, one of some The Bumetizing process was in notable interest at West Pasca troduced in the United States goula, Mississippi, in 1875, in or about 1850, and possibly the first der to treat timbers for the L & N real timber plant was built by the Railway. About the same time, an Vermont Central Railroad Com other plantwas built atSlidell, La., pany in 1856 to treat ties and to treat the timbers in the bridge bridge timbers with zinc chloride. over Lake Ponchartrain, the tim In some portions of the* United bers in this bridge being still sound States and Canada this process of and in use after a period of over 40 years of service, while the plant that was built to treat these timbers has long since been dis carded. Many of these early plants were built, not because of the high cost of untreated material, but be cause of the high cost of renewals. Less than 30 years ago there were only 30 timber treating plants on the North American Continent, while today there are over 200 plants in the United Slates, 12 plants in Canada, 3 in Central America and 3 in Mexico. ' Boulton Process Since the largest percentage of material to be treated by this new plant will be Coast Fir, a brief de scription ofthe procedure used will be given herewith. As pointed out previously, it was necessary either to air dry or artificially season ma terial to be treated. On the Pa cific Coast some material has been [191 CRIMDEBN00000316 F A L i. POWERFAX . i 9 3! .................. . 1------ i~~ i "' H air dried successfully, but there yard for air seasoning. Commer are locations where material either' cial treating plants frequently have drys too fast or, as in the case of orders with delivery stipulated the Pacific Northwest, the air dry that will not permit sufficient time ing season is very short. Some of for air seasoning. Therefore, the the commercial plants in the Pa success of the Boulton process is cific Northwest started about 17 of tremendous importance to com or 18 years ago to apply the Boul mercial treating plants for the rea ton process to seasoning Douglas son that they can accomplish, in Fir. Railroad companies, being able a matter of days or hours what to anticipate their demands for would require months by natural crossties annually, in advance, seasoning. were able to purchase their re About , the same time that the quirements and stack them in the commercial plants were conducl- ing experiments with the Boulton process, investigations were being made, using the present method of incising timber before treatment. This method of incising consists of slitting the surface of timbers or lumber, and in some cases even poles and piling, by running the material through rolls having teeth spaced at regular intervals. The teeth are forced into the wood to permit the preservative to be ab sorbed in all directions from the incisions. In the use of the Boulton proc ess today, material is first loaded ' on the trams and run into the treating cylinder or retort and then the retort is sealed up by closing ,the doors and bolting them fast. The creosote is next admitted to the cylinder and heated to a tem perature considerably above the boiling point of water for the con ' dition of vacuum later carried. The entire retort, with this load of tim ] ber, is next placed under a vacuum . and the vapors drawn off through the condenser, where they are trapped-out and measured. The :rate at which the moisture is re moved from the wood gives the operator the information from which he determines whether the ' wood is dry enough to have the / pressure applied. When the mate rial has been dried to the proper ' point, additional preservative, to : give the required absorption, is .. forced into the wood. After the \ pressure period is completed, the : preservative is removed from the cylinder. In order to remove any excess surface preservative a final vacuum is carried. The doors are opened and the charge removed. EtlioU eombinalion type ejector serving creosoting cylinder at W. P. Broun & Sons Lumber Company, Louisville, Ky. This ejector senes a cylinder 8 ft in diameter by 132 Jt. long. It establishes a 28* vacuum in 15 minutes and the air handling capacity u 220 lbs. per hour at 26* vacuum, ft uses stainless steel nozzles and nozzle plates and aluminum alloy tubes in the inter- and after-condensers thus handling the corrosive creosote vapors without difficulty. "FULL CELL" AND "EMPTY CELL" TREATMENTS In connection with the above described process there are two types of treatment, one called the (20] r CRIMDEBN00000317 .(ton eing >d of tent. Is of s or jven the eeth The d to > abthe >rocided the then >sing fast, d to tem- the conThe timuurn >ugh are The s re- the 'rom - the < the lateoper e, to n, is the . the the any final i are red. PTY bove two 1 the F A L L . POWERFAX . 1 9 3 2 "full cell", and the other called the "empty cell". With the "full cell" process, the cell structure of the wood is supposed to be com pletely filled with the preservative. With the "empty cell" process, before applying the oil pressure, a preliminary air pressure is built up in the retort and in the wood itself and then the oil pressure ap plied. After the required amount of preservative has been forced in to the wood, the pressure is re leased and the air confined in the wood expands to its original vol ume, thus expelling a portion of the preservative, leaving the cell structure only partly filled with preservative instead of being en tirely filled. ' During the seasoning process, prior to injecting the preservative into the wood, it is necessary to supply heat to the oil surrounding the wood. In developing the plans for the Timber Preservers' plant, the writer has endeavored to elim inate the necessity of using heat ing coils in the retort and also to of circulating heated oil through overcome the difficulty experi the retort is being carried out the enced in the earlier experiments .-entire system is under a vacuum. with the Boulton process of hav ing the preservative boil over into Vacuum. Equipment the condenser. These difficulties In selecting equipment for pro were overcome by using a closed ducing the vacuum, the writer de heater outside of the retort and cided on a type "AL" Elliott ejec by circulating the oil first from the tor which is used at the beginning bottom of the working tank, which and end of the run to bring the is located above the retort, through vacuum up as quickly as possible. an Elliott twin strainer, thence When this is accomplished, at the through the heater and into the beginning of the run, an Elliott bottom of the retort at three twin type "C" air ejector is used, points. This heated oil is circulat for what is called the running vac ed at a rate of 1500 gallons per uum, the type "AL" ejector being minute and passes out of the top shut off as soon as the twin type of the retort and back into the "C" has taken the load. After sev working tank, the oil carrying with eral trials with this apparatus it it the vapors from the wood. These was soon found that the vacuum vapors pass ont of the top of the can be applied as soon as the re working tank and then down into tort is filled and no difficulty has the condenser where the conden been experienced in reaching a vac sate is trapped out in the hot well uum of 24" to 25* in 15 minutes and measured. Using the working after starting. After the rate at tank for a separating chamber pre which the moisture is removed vents oil being carried over into from the wood decreases and comes the condenser. When this process to a fairly constant point, it has been found that 27*1 to 28* of vac uum can be maintained on the en tire system with one-half of the twin type "C" in operation. The photograph on page 19 shows the :type "AL" and "C" ejectors used for this plant. ! In order to control the supply 'of heat to the retort an air oper. ated Foxboro controller has been used, with a thermostatic bulb ; placed in the thermometer well on ; the side of the retort, which oper| ates the control valve on the steam Bupply to the heater. With this ! apparatus, no difficulty has been I experienced in holding the tem; perature within one degree of that ] required. : The piping hook-up has been , laid out so that when the oil is in' the working tank above the retort it can be circulated through the heater and brought to any desired CRIMDEBN00000318 f A L L POWERFAX . 1 9 3 8 Fig. 1--Layout of typical installation of vacuum equipment to tent thru creosoling retorts. The condenser and two-stage ejector are used for the initial run; the single-stage ejector, operating atone, creates the final vacuum. temperature and pumped back to the working tank. Also, the cir culating pump can be used for emp tying the cylinder, the oil being forced through the Elliott strainer and either direct through the heat er or by-passed around .the heater to the working tank or storage tank. - The Use of Ejectors In Creosoting Work As MENTIONED BY MB. RAWSON in the above article, steam jet ejec tors are readily adapted for cre ating vacuum in connection with creosoting work. The advantages of this type of vacuum producing equipment have been apparent for some time, and suitable ejector equipment is available for use in conjunction with any of the proc esses outlined in Mr. Rawson's ar ticle. The simple construction of the ejector, the absence of moving parts, and a great reduction in maintenance costs make the ejec tor particularly applicable in the creosoting field. Reciprocating pumps have a handicap in that the creosote vapors handled are not only corrosive, but when cooled they, condense and form gummy deposits which hamper the action of pistons and valves. All this trouble is eliminated by the use of the ejector. The ability of ejectors to establish vacuum quick ly and maintain it for long periods of time, regardless of the age of the ejector, aids in keeping pro duction up to schedule with the minimum cost of operation. In plants where a steaming proc ess is used for artificially drying green timber prior to the creosot ing process, the vacuum equip ment required consists of a con denser and,two-stage ejector. Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic sketch of a creosoting installation using a jet type condenser and a two-stage ejector, equipped with a baromet ric inter - condenser. The vapors which are given off from the re torts are condensed in the jet con denser and are discharged, togeth er with the cooling water, by the removal pump. The two-stage ejec tor removes the non-condensable gases which consist mainly of air leakage into the system. Where it is desirable to eliminate pumping expense, the jet condenser can be replaced by a barometric condens er by elevating the vacuum equip ment to a sufficient height to per mit draining the water through a barometric leg. The photograph, page 21, shows an installation us ing a jet type condenser and a Fig. 2--Vacuum chart indicating the time in which initial and final vacuum art estab lished in a creosoting cylinder. One of a number of rather typical charts on file. . [22j tr CRIMDEBN00000319 w " r are tage metpors i re con;eth' the sjecable f air re it ping n be (ens(uippergh a aph, i usid a eslub- f a l l . POWERFAX 1 938 two-3tage ejector with a surface type inter- and after-condenser. After the steaming process, it is desirable to establish high vacuum as quickly and efficiently as pos sible. Fig. 2 shows a vacuum chart indicating the amount of vacuum created in a definite period of time. It will be noted, that during the initial run a vacuum of 24" is es tablished in 15 minutes, 26" is reached in 35 minutes, and to wards the end of the run the vac uum increases to 27". The maxi mum vacuum obtainable depends, of course, oh the tightness of the system, and vacuums of 28", re ferred, are frequently reported. During the final or dry vacuum run, the gases which must be re moved are largely non-condensable and, therefore, the water to the main condenser can be turned off. Some companies find it worth white to reclaim the small amount of condensable vapors which come over during this run, and therefore Tough, flinty scale.. desperate haste.. call for install a surface condenser instead of a jet or barometric unit. The LAGONDA CLEANERSejector used during this run is usually a single-stage unit which is shown in Fig. 1 above the two- stage ejector, which during this Their whirling, sharp-edged cutters rip the scale out in run is isolated from the system. a jiffy, and leave the tube surface clean. Try the LA The chart also indicates the time required for establishing the vac GONDA the next time that scale needs attention ..... uum during this run and it will be noted that a vacuum of 22" is find out what real power and speed can do to a tube easily established within 15 min utes' time. As the tength of the cleaning job. Try it not only on boiler tubes, but on any run increases, the vacuum will, of tube in the plant, small or large. The LAGONDA Cat course, increase, the maximum vacuum being in most cases ap alog tells you which cleaner you need. Write for a copy. proximately 26". Companies engaged in the com mercial creosoting of wood prod ucts are using ejector vacuum 04 equipment on practically all new installations, and are replacing re ciprocating pumps wherever pos sible. A large percentage of these MAKERS OF IHi*. SAVING SPECIALISTS Lagonda Reseating Machines for boiler caps and headers, Lagpnda Tube installations are Elliott ejectors. Cutters, and Lagpnda Cleaner feeding Device for curved tube boilers. [231 CRIMDEBN00000320 f a l l.POWERFAX 19 3! CHICAGO HOSPITAL INSTALLS cHew (Power IJnih ALEXIAN BROTHERS' HOSPITAL REPLACES 36YEAR-OLD EQUIPMENT WITH ELLIOTT ENGINE . GENERATORS By J. M. MAAG, Sales Engineer, EUioll Company, Chicago, XII. ALEXIAN BROTHERS' HOSPITAL of Chicago, is one of an injLm. ternational chain of similar institutions owned and operated by "The Congregation of the Celtites or Alexian Brothers'', a Cath olic Order, having its origin dating back to the middle ages. The first institution of record, was founded in Mechlin, Germany, in 1300 A. D. The Brothers were at first called "Cellites" from the Latin word "Celia" or "Grave" because they used to bury the dead. They played an important part in assisting the people of Germany and Northern France during the plague of the Black Death when everyone else was afraid to approach the suf ferers or bury the dead. The growth since the inception of the Order has been steady. A Mother House was established at Aachen (Aix- la - Chapelle), Ger many, and many institutions were built in Germany, France and Bel gium. It was not until 1865, however, that the Brothers came to the . United States and built their first hospital in the City of Chicago. This building, a 75-bed hospital, was destroyed in the memorable Chicago fire of 1870. A new 225bed hospital was immediately built, which lasted until 1885, when the construction of an ele vated railway made it necessary to abandon this building. In the meantime, hospitals had been built in St. Louis, Missouri (1869), Osbkosh, Wisconsin (1880), and Newark, New Jersey (1893). The Brothers opened the pres- ' ent Chicago hospital building to the public in 1896. In spite of its early construction, it still ranks as one of the best built, best ar ranged and best preserved of Chi- . cago hospitals. It accommodates 286 patients (male only) and has equipment to handle any case com mitted to a general hospital. Treat ment is given to over 4000 patients annually. The entire institution, includingsuch service departments as the power plant, laundry, kitch- [241 IT CRIMDEBN00000321 a ling : first nded )0 A. ailed word they .ayed g the Ihern f the : else suf- ption ly. A ed at Gerwere IBel- ever, > the : first cago. pital, `Table 225ately .885, l elessary 3 had isouri nsin ersey presog to of its ranks it ar .: Chidates d has corn ereattients jtion, nents litch- F A L L.POWERFAX . 1 9 3 2 The engine room of the Alexian Brothers' Hospital presents a pleasing appearance, with the two Elliott 160-kw. Jour-valve engines driving compensated dc. generators. The engine-generators, one left- and. one right-hand, are placed with out-board bearings opposite each other, and a convenient walking space between. The units are particularly quiet in operation. cn and bakery, are under the care of the 107 Brothers now stationed at this House. The most recently improved and most modern department in the hospital is the power plant. At the time the building was constructed in 1896, two 60-kw. Siemans-Halski "revolving stator" type gen erators, driven by two slow-speed releasing Corliss engines were in stalled. These units gave good serv ice until last year when the in creased power load and the wornout condition of the equipment made a change necessary. For such a change, two courses were available; either contract for purchased power or install new and larger generator units. Care ful consideration was given to both plans and the decision made in favor of purchasing two 150-kw. engine-generator units. The only available source of purchased power supplied alter nating current. The cost of chang ing over entirely to an a.c. sys tem, including the purchase of a.c. motors for laundry, elevators and other purposes, was consid ered prohibitive. To convert the a.c. supply into d.c. meant the purchase of at least two' motorgenerator sets and an average loss of approximately 15% in conver sion. Any plan that could be.considered involved a sizable cash in vestment. Estimatesindicatedthat new generator units could be'pur chased for little more than motorgenerators, with their control, and for considerably less than the cost of changing entirely to an a.c. sys tem. It was evident, therefore, that interest and depreciation on the investment--one of the largest items usually charged against the private plant--could, for all prac tical purposes, be ignored. In most hospitals high-pressure steam is. needed for sterilizing. In this institution it is needed^ also, for the presses and flat-work ironers in the laundry. Considerable quantities of low-pressure steam are needed the year around for hot water for the laundry, hos pital and residential quarters, and, during six to eight months of the year, for heating the building. Past experience had proven that all available exhaust steam could be used during the six to eight months' heating season and very little wast ed to the atmosphere during the remainder of the year. The heat balance, therefore, distinctly fa vored the private plant. When con sidered together with the unusual ly low fixed charges and low labor costs (all supervision and most of the maintenance being taken care of by the Brothers) the decision to purchase new generating equip ment was not difficult to make. This decision having been made, the next step was the selection of [25] CRIMDEBN00000322 f a l l . POWERFAX . 19 3 8 the type of equipment to be in men. Wear or erosion of the valve Elliott four- valve engine met these stalled. The demand for exhaust seats, or poor adjustments of the requirements to a desirable degree. steam, the lack of available cool valves, would destroy the slightly Another highly important requi ing water, and size of the proposed better economy which is the only site, was that constant voltage be new unit made it impractical to justification for unaflow engines. maintained at all times. Steady, consider condensing or condens The Corliss valves on the other non-flickering lights were, in some I ing - bleeder equipment. On the hand, in combination with the non respects, as important in the oper other hand, the few months of the releasing gear, would permit econ ating rooms as were the steady I I year when some of the exhaust omies very close to those of the -hands of the surgeons. Elevator steam would be wasted made it unaflow engine, with none of the motors, motors driving washers, advisable to consider only the more disadvantages ofthe poppet valve. driers, and extractors in the laun economical types of prime movers. No adjustment between the valve dry, and an occasional compressor Turbines and single-valve engines and seat is possible. The valves are or pump motor thrown on the lines were automatically ruled out be made steam-tight at the factory in the power plant, would cause cause of high steam consumption. and any wear tends to make them comparatively heavy load swings. The choice, therefore, was between tighter. This is easily understood Voltage fluctuation and light flick the four-valve Corliss, either non when the construction and opera ering would result if regulation i releasing or releasing, and the pop tion of the valves are known. The was not good. pet valve unallow engine. valve chambers are lapped on the Considerable time was spent by Bids were received on all three inside by means of a lead lapping the Brothers investigating direct- ' types. Two Elliott -non-releasing mandrel, an expensive operation, current generators. They learned four-valve engines direct-connect but insuring steam-tightness from through inquiry and personal vis ed to Elliott compensated gener the first start-up. The accelerating its to a number of installations, ators were selected. Jt is interest gear provides a quick opening and that the inherent regulation of the ing to review briefly the reason closing and a period of rest during fully-compensated generator is su for this selection. the period of greatest unbalanced perior to that of the inter-pole The steam consumption guar pressure.The steam valves are type. They were convinced of this antees of the Elliott four-valve en double-ported in order to secure to the extent that all engine bid gine were materially better than large steam openings with small ders were requested to bid on the the releasing Corliss units and were movements of the valves. The "fully compensated" generators as on an average within less than 2 shortest possible arcs are spanned, built by Elliott Company. This lbs. per kilowatt-hour of the guar- . the steam pressure and force of type of generator in combination antees of the poppet valve una- gravity hold the valves against with the ruggedly built but highly flows. The releasing Corliss engine their seats, and any wear tends sensitive inertia type flywheel gov was eliminated both because of to make them even more steam- ernor, which is standard equip steam consumption and because tight. ment on the four-valve engines, of the need for as quiet-running The Brothers believed that over gives a degree of regulation un equipment as possible. a period of years the Elliott four- equaled by any other engine-gen As far as the poppet valve una- valve engine would be more eco erator unit. flow was concerned, it was felt nomical than thepoppet valve una In installing this equipment, that the difference in steam con flow. special attention was given to the sumption guarantees did not tell The operatorsofthis power plant foundation. The sub-soil was of a the whole story. It was recognized are members of the Order and, pri sandy nature and it was necessary that in order to obtain the guaran marily, are not power plant oper to make sure that the foundations teed economy of a unaflow engine, ators. It is conceivable that at were not only made firm, but that it would be necessary to keep the some future date the Brothers in no vibration would be transmitted poppet valves adjusted and seat charge may not be as skilled as through the walls. The engine ing perfectly. To do this would re those now operating the plant. It room was built below the sleeping quire frequent inspections and oc-' was, therefore, most desirable that quarters of some of the Brothers casional adjustments, adjustments equipment simple in design and re and any building vibration would that ordinarily can best be per quiring a minimum of attention be highly objectionable. The en formed only by factory service be obtained. It was felt that the gine-generators, one left- and one .126] u CRIMDEBN00000323 F A L L . POWERFAX . 1 9 3 8 right-hand, were to be placed with out-board bearings opposite one another, and a short walking space between. One excavation was made for both units, and a solid mat of concrete, 8" to 12" thick, placed at the bottom of the foundation. Forms were built aDd the concrete poured so that the two founda tions were actually one continu ous mass of concrete, being joined at the outboard bearing. Insula tion, Yi thick, was then placed between the floor and foundations and between the foundations and the trenches, serving the exhaust steam lines and electrical conduits. These extra precautions were justified by the results. Not a trace of vibration can be felt in the floor or walls. All who have seen these units operating have commented on their quiet, smooth and ap parently effortless operation. The Brothers have expressed them selves as being well satisGed with their purchase. The large receiver type separa tors on each engineare Elliott Welderon separators. Elliott type "P" oil separators serve each of the exhaust lines from the engine. The new engine-generators are housed in a new engine room built for the purpose. Other changes and improvements were made at the same time, including the installa tion of a complete new switch board, consisting of two generator panels and three distribution pan els. The pump room was practi cally rebuilt. Anewfeedwaterheat er was installed and the feed water pumps lowered to a new pit, giv ing sufficient additional head to permit efficient removal of the feed water which is being heated to the temperature of the exhaust steam. The softener and the hot water heaters serving the laundry and general purpose requirements were moved to' a new tank room. All of this work was. accom plished without any interruption of services to the institution. That this could be done successfully was due to the very careful planning of Brother Julius, who, with the as sistance of Brother Alphonse, had complete charge of this moderniz ing program. One of the old releasing Corliss units which were replaced by the new equipment will be preserved for posterity and is to be placed on permanent exhibition in the Museum of Science and Industry now being built in Chicago. It is considered typical ofwhat was best practice 35 to 40 years ago. And it is not entirely coincidence that, by its side, will be placed an El liott four-valve engine represent ing the best that is offered in mod ern engine construction. of ofOne the too old 60-kw. engine-generator units which were replaced by the Elliott sets shown on page S5. The generator the above unit is a Siemans-Hatskf, built SB years ago. The rotor is on the outside of the generator and the exterior surface of the rotor senes as the commutator. These units were typical of best practice S5 to iO years ago. [27] CRIMDEBN00000324 F A L L . POWERFAX . 1 9 3 8 Aerial oiaoof group of hos pital*. At the extreme left in the distance is the Indiana Rotary Club unit of the James Whitcomb Riley I . Hospital for Children. At its right is the Riley Hos I'I f pital. Buildings in thefore ground, left to right are: Nurses' Home, Wm. H. r ColemanHospitalfor Wom en, Robert W. Lang Hos pital, and the Indiana Uni versity School of Medicine and Hospital. In Uie dis tance is the City Hospital. CDecieraior ollminatei a orrosvon EUioU domestic hoi water deaerator insiallaliorit which assures corrosionless hot water and freedom from pipe renewals for Indiana Unaersity Hospital. , INDIANA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL GROUP OVER COMES PIPE PITTING TROUBLES By J. A. GERLACH, Sales Engineer, Elliott Company, Indianapolis, Ind. / . ndiana university, Bloom buildings has constantly increased I ington, Ind., maintains its from an average consumption, in medical center, including 1928, of 50,000 g.p.d., to 105,000 medical college and attendant hosg.p.d. in 1932, with a peak condi pitals in Indianapolis, Ind. This tion in early 1932 of 146,000 g.p.d. group of buildings, shown in the Undoubtedly, new buildings and aerial view, consists of the James hospital units will be erected in Whitcomb Riley Memorial Hos the future which will impose still pital for Children, Rotary Con heavier duty on the hot and cold valescent Ward, Medical School, water supply system. Robert W. Long Hospital, Cole The hot and cold water service man Maternity Hospital and the lines are of galvanized wrought Ball Nurses' Home. iron pipe. A short time ago, evi- The requirement of softened hot aeheesTjFpitting and corrosion ap and cold water for this group of peared in the domestic hot water lines, which trouble was traced to the presence of dissolved oxygen and other non-condensable gases. Mr. Charles R. Ammerraan, Consulting Engineer, Indianapo lis, Ind., was retained to investi gate what could be done to elim inate the continual trouble of bursting hot water service lines, due to corrosion pitting. After a thorough study, a 20,000-g.p.h. Elliott low-temperature vacuum type deaerator was installed. The size was such as to take care of the expected load demands on the hot water system and to assure the medical center of proper pro tection for the future. The deaerator unit included the horizontal gas separator, vapor condenser, motor-driven air re moval pump and auxiliary steam [28] i CRIMDEBN00000325 )/ Ima- Uflin ldiniut oflhe Riley j u At * Hux- tforel ure: n. II. Wom- Hosi Uni- dicine e dix- ipitnl. mures ds fur xl 10 ygen ases. nan, tapoeati}ti no te of ines, j&c a .p.lo. uum The :e of i the is ure pro- 1 the apor r re;eam j COMPLETE it Elliott turbines are always given a real honest-to-goodness test. Commercial tests Include power output tests and running the turbine to cbeci balance; adjust gov ernor and control mechanisms, including tbe emergency overspeed trip; check the adequacy of tbe lubrication system; prove tbe entire job oil and steam-tight at all points. A highpercentage ofall Elliott tur. bines built are also subjected to accurate water-rate efficiency tests either as a mat ter of routine or by arrangement with tbe purchaser. ELLIOTT TURBINE-GENERATORS ARE SO WELL PROVED IN THE SHOP, THEY ARE SURE TO MAKE GOOD ON THE JOB It is impomot for the purchaser of a turbine-generator to know that the manufacturer has adequate testing facilities. You want the unit you buy to be shop-tested under conditions duplicating those in your plant. And you want the engineers who design your unit to be backed up by the knowledge of what the turbine will do, which can only be had from complete testing of many units. Many turbine test plants are limited so that complete tests can not be run on equipment offered,--limitations in steam pressure and temperature, condensing capacity or electrical loading fa cilities for running overall tests. - There are no such limitations on the Elliott modern and up-todate test floor. Complete tests of machines within our size range can be made. Pressure, superheat, capacity as to boilers, condens ers and electric loading are adequate in every respect. Drop in at our Jeannette Works sometime, look over the test floor, see a turbine being carefully and fully tested. You'll realize one reason why Elliott turbines have a reputation for smooth-run ning efficiency and dependability. ELLIOTT COMPANY, Steam Turbine Department, Jeannette, Pa. CRIMDEBN00000326 EQUIPMENT Descriptive bulletins on any oj the following subjects sent on request PRIME MOVERS ' Steam Turbines--Steam Engines ' ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Generators {All Types, A. C. and D. C)--Motors (Syn chronous, Induction, D. C.)--Motor-Generators--Switch boards and Control HEAT TRANSFER APPARATUS Condensers and Ejectors--Deaerators and Deaerating Heaters--Open and Closed Feed Water Heaters POWER PLANT ACCESSORIES Strainers (Twin, Single, Oil)--Filters and Grease Extrac tors-- Non-rfeturn and Automatic Valves -- Separators (0i( Steam, Receiver}--Desuperheaters INDUSTRIAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT Centrifugal Blowers--Boosters--Exhausters--Steam Jet Ejectors--Distillation and Condensing Equipment ELLIOTT COMPANY PITTSBURGH, PA. General Sales Offices and Works, JEANNETTE, PA.- RIDGWAY, PA. ASSOCIATES--The Lagonda Manufacturing Company, Factory and Offices, Springfield, Ohio. Liberty Manufacturing Company, Factory and Offices, Jeannette, Pa. Experienced Engineers at these District Offices to cooperate -with you ATLANTA 310 Haas-Howeil Building . BALTIMORE lil4 Lexington Building BOSTON One Federal Street CHICAGO 20 N. Wicker Drive . CINCINNATI 1427 Union Central Building CLEVELAND 610 Guardian Building DETROIT 1835 Dime Savings Bank Bldg. Kansas crry 905 Fairfax Building NEW YORK 2905 Transportation Building PHILADELPHIA 503 Morris Building PITTSBURGH 718 Frick Building ROCHESTER 912 Temple Building SAN FRANCISCO 813 Rialto Building ST. LOUIS 2011 Railway Exchange Bldg. , WILKES-BARRE 826 Second Nat'l Bank Bldg. CANADA F. S. B. Heward 8c Co., Ltd.,-- Montreal and Toronto Sub^listrict offices in Houston, Tex., Indianapolis, Ind., Min neapolis, Minn., New Orleans, La., Omaha, Neb., Seattle, Wash., Oklahoma City, Okla. CRIMDEBN00000327