Document jMVOrYae6dZkvzpLrjByD5Z5

cet W. V. Killer Fabrics 4 Finishes Dipt. October 18, 1971 ROBZRT V. LAURRELL FABRICS AMD FIM16HXS DIFARMOT 9 7010 TCRICITY OF HAD IM IKTIRIOR FAIMT The eocloeed information h*e been assembled in reply to your request to C. F. Reinhardt Cor toxicity information pertinent to the poialble lowering of the current IX llalt for lead in interior paint*. There 1* evidence that relatively Insoluble lead oxide has a lover oral toxicity than more soluble lead compound* such as lead acetate and lead nitrate. Haskell laboratory experiments indicate the following oral l&Qig Cot male ratsl Compound 1D,q mg/kg as Pb Lead Mitrate 3130 Lead Acetate Trlhydrete 5023 Lead Oxide 23200 Haskell Report Humber 105*60 47*66 104*66 A study by Oeorg Tartlsr (1941) reports the smallest lethal single . dose of a eerie* of lead compounds fed by mouth to guinea pigs. A lethal dose of 500 mg/kg body weight was obtained for lead nitrate while the value obtained for red lead (lead oxide) was twice this amount, (latter from J. F. Morgan to F. 9. Graham dated May 29, 1962), Mo information was found an the chronic toxicity of lead oxide or lead chromate however, Hazleton Laboratories have conducted e series of studies on orally administered lead acetate which included two-year ' . oral toxicity studies (rats, dogs, and monkeys), reproduction, teratology, carcinogenicity, behavioral, and metabolic studies. (Toxicity of Orally- ! Administered Lead, Frograa Sunmary, Hazleton Laboratory June 26, 1970)* . The conclusion of these studies Is that 10 ppm of lead in the diet was e - "no-effect" level while minimal, equivocal effects were apparent in some animals at 50 ppm. vy/ V- - ` V.y n-tirsr--. . * ~V*` Srfey:. -; _.:*4 ;- ' ' -i DUP 000332 &0BXKX W. UUJmiL 2 October 18, 1971 On tbs beats of the Basletorn studios It Is possible to cslcxilsts tbs amount of paint which would bars to bo eaten to constitute an equivalent dose of lead. Average Food Intake for Fat 25 gm/dey 10 ppn Fb In diet - .0025 ga Fb/day " Ho affect level 50 ppa Fb In diet " .0125 P Fb/day Minimal affect A rat could oat .25 gm/day of paint containing IX lead and remain at the no effect level while the Ingestion of 1.25 ga/day would equal the minimal effect level. These values ere based on data for rats and are considerably higher than values reported in the literature as safe for humans. Kehoe, In the Harben Lectures I960, states that a "safe dally intake of load le <0.5 o^," has dona sons calculations for the amount of lead paint ~a child might oat eafely based on tehee's data for odult ingestion of lead. Be concludes that *X).3X lead or less could sefely be labeled as nontexlc relative to lead" (Quart. Bull., A. Food A Drug Officials 0.1. 20:36, 1956). In an article on exposure of children to lead (Pediatrics 18:943-57. 1956) Chisolm reported finding no case of lead Intoxication where the only source of lead contained less than IX of lead In the dried paint surfacs. Be considered however, that the accumulation of many layers of paints containing as llttla as IX ef lead could constitute a heeard to email children In the future. I epoke to Dr. Chisolm by phone to determine If ha had more recant Information on this subject. It seems that his early work was based on a blood load level of 0,08 mg/100 gm as evidence of lead intoxication while now this value would be revised downward to about 0.06-0.08 mg/100 ga. Therefore, he thought that the permissible level ef lead in interior paint should be lever than IX. According to Tyler (J. Xnv. Bee1th JJ3j66, 1970) the limit of lead in interior paint wee met at IX in 1964 by the American Standards Associa tion because of the belief that lead ingeetad In laseey amounts would be excreted and mot stored by the body. It is my understanding froa a discussion with V. V. Millar that Du Font's Interest In the question of load level in Interior paint a teas froa probleas in quality control if the limit le aet lower rather then from the intentional use of lead in the paint forestle dons. . It would seen advisable to keep the lead level in interior paints as lor as possible to minimi this sourct of lead exposurs in chlldran. Mo direct experimental data was found on the chronic oral toxicity of low DUP 0003 BOftUI W. 1AP1HLL .J* Oetobcr IS, 1971 level* of the less soluble 1**4 compound* likely to to found In paint*. Therefore, If setting the lend Halts In interior paint below 11 pose* * serious quality control problea it nay to advisable to conduct sons chronic oral toxicity studies on the specific compounds ef Interest. H1UHA MC LMJCHLH msioLocirr HHcL/jtd Enclosures (J) V ' ? . .. 1. Letter P. D. Graham from J. F. Morgan dated May 29, 1962 (Lead Poisoning). 2. Lehman, A. J. "Lead in Decorative Paint for Childrens Toys and Furniture." Quart. Bull., A. Food & Drug Officials U.S., 20:39, 1956. 3. Chisolm, J. J., Jr. "Exposure of Children to Lead." Pediatrics 18:943-957, 1956. < V- . 2v: * ' ~r- .C . . : - *- : . - .s\.s<v ..-v i-- y. wj?; i DUP 000334