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r \ HWBB-0009567 \ 4 Air Hygiene Foundation of Amorica, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Fa. June 1, 1937 Inc*, A. News Items 291* OHIO LEGISL. TIC?!. SILICOSIS .'DIED TO LIST OF CGJTENSABLE DISEASES. Ohio State Ifed. J* 3S_, 562-563 (May, 1037). The bill mentioned in abstract No. 115 has been passed to take effect on or about August 1* Silicrsis is defined as "a disease of the lungs caused by breathin.; silica dust, producing fibrous nodules, distributed through the lungs 0 and demonstrated by x-ray examination or autopsy." Various provisions of the law arc reviewed and a revised list of occupational diseases now included is given. (Fuller information will be given in our Legal Bulletin or nay be ob tained fr--r. the Ohio State Board of Health.) 292. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LAWS COVERING DOST DISEASES. Ceram. Ind. 28, 297-8 374-6 (April, 1937). A. brief sur.ir.ary of the laws of a few representative states. (The April number of CERAMIC I INDUSTRY contains a mnber of general papers of interest, which are abstracted ir. this bulletin. Copies are obtainable fran Industrial Publica tions, Inc., 59 E. Van Buren St., Chicago, 111. at 50 cents each.) 293. PRECIPITATES DUST ELECTRICALLY. Foundry, 65, 95 (l&rch 1937.) This is a brief description of the electrical precipitator developed by Westing* house and now applied to industrial air cleaning field by the Pangborn Corpora tion. It is claimed that its use ir. industry provides the advantages of dust and fine collection by electrical means within tho range of general application at economical installation and operating costs. The unit consists of 3 essen tial parts, tho collector plate colls, the ionizing assembly and the power paok. The grounded plates whore the dust is collected are cleaned at necessary inter vals by washing, rapping or blowing with an air jet. (For information address Pangborn Ccrp., Hagerstown, lid.) 294. CLEANING AIR WITH ELECTRICITY. Heating Vent. 34, 70 (March, 1937). Cloan air will be supplied this summer to the FieTd Building in Chicago, by tho addition cf electrostatic air cleaners to its air conditioning system in the lower arcade end first four stories. The air cleaning equipment will have a capacity of 272,700 cu. ft. per min. and an expected efficiency of over 99% by weight of dust particles removed. It is said to remove particles as small as l/5 micron, and to operate on a current consumption of 10 lew* It will oonsist of 18 units and the installation is expected to be completed during July. 295. BRITISH USE ALUMINA IN SILICOSIS FIGHT. Ceram# Ind. 28, 296 (April, 1937). Due to the high death rate caused by silicosis among pottery workors, several British potteries have substituted alumina for silica for the bedding material during firing. Three large fims are using alumina exclusively, and most of th smaller potteries will probably follow their example. In the United States, several plants have been using powdered kaolin in plaee of sand for several years. (See note on abstract 291#) HWBB-00O956B Tj! References to Recent Litcratur - 2 296. COURT DECISIONS .. oILICOCIS SUITS Ceram. Ind. 2, 295-6 A review of a number of cur.s illustrating various phases of tho silicosis situation. The status cf lavs ir: vr.ricus st'tcs is presented Tnorc fully in another paper :-.d -n our Legal Bulletins, but sene interesting side-lights are to be found ir. this article. (See note on abstract 292.) 297. SI.rOXE ELIJ.TV*1ED BY SCPIR-SOUru WAVES. Power Plant Eng., 41, 174 (No. 3, 1937) J. Frank. Ir.st. 223, 510 (Apr. 1937); Sei. News Lot. 31, 14W (1937). A popular account of lectures and demonstrations of coagulation of smoke by supersonic vr.-.vcs, by H. Vf. St. Clair of the U, S. Bureau of Mines. Several other abstracts have referred to this process, and a full account will prob ably be given in a .future publication of the Bureau of Minos. 298. BLARD 12 EXCELIEST SILICOSIS PREVENTIVE. Ceram. Ind. 23, 418 (May, 1937). "An inquiry recently instituted among a group of masonry workers showed that elenn-shaver- workers suffered by far the most from silicosis. Thoso with strong moustaches got along much better while the workers with full bushy beards and moustaches were practically immune fran silicosis. Tho obvious ex planation was that the moisture of the breath on the hair formed a very officion filter and one which men could not take off." (The above is included as an itej of interest, but it should be added that no authoritative reports of such on investigation haw appeared.) General and Scientific Papers 299. TALC DUST IV T-2 HJB3ER INDUSTRY. Chas R. Williams. Safety Eng., 73, 49-51 (April 1937). Talc is used in `the rutV:r industry as a dusting agent to prevent pieces of unvulcar.iscd rubber from sticking together, rr.d is disseminated into the air in largo quantities. The question of permanent lung damage from this inhalation of dust has been raised, but there has beer, little work done in connection with the problem. ..ccording to Dreessen and Dalla Valle disabling pneumoconiosis is not produced, but there is evidence of a "fine diffuse bilateral fibrosis of the lungs which is definitely demonstrable in the x-ray." The author reports a survey of 9 representative rubber plants using talc. The dust concentrations found with the impingor varied fran 7 to 194 million par* tides per cubic foot. Tho quarts content of the dust is very low, usually only a trace. Recomondations for reducing the hazard include careful handling which con be automatio in the panning operations, isolation of dusty operations use of talc with a high earbonnte content, and use of respirators. (Reprints may be obtained from tho author. Engineering Dept., Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass.) 300. PSEUDOTUBERCULOKA SILICOTUM. J. S. Paulds. J. Path, and Bact., 41, 129-135 (July, 1936). Two eases of subcutaneous pseudotubcrculoma, caused by implantation of siliceo* material with no tubercle bacilli, are doscribed. They are similar to thoso previously described under the name pseudotubcrculoma silicoticum. In tho twe eases, 23 and 10 years respectively elapsed between the injury end the devel opment of tho tumor. Polarized light was successfully employed in examination of the mineral substanco. Mtffi8-0009569 References to Reoen-'- Literature - 3 301. SICKNESS AiCOr: rv.LE INDUSTRI .L EbTLCYEES DURING THE THIRD 3UARTFR AMD THE FIRST 9 IIOHTHS OF 1936. D. K. Erundage. I*.- S. Pub. Health Repts* 52, 127-129 (Jar.. 29, 1937). The total number of cases of illness lasting 8 days or longer, among 164,000 male industrial ervioyes (exclusive of venereal diseases) rose fron 87 per 1000 in 1935 to 91.8 per 1CG0 in the third quarter and first 9 months of 1936* The morbidity rates for -*.cw cases of tuberculosis of the respiratory system are un- prtccdently low for the third quarter. Pneumonia increased over the same periods while a nur.bor of ether diseases were lower than in the some period of 19354 The figures are conveniently tabulated. (The Report of the above date is ob tainable from, the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. for 5 cents cash.) 0 302. DISCUSSION 0? INDUSTRIAL OCCIDENTS AND DISEASES. 1935 CONVENTION 0? THE IN- TEiojiTior.x ;.SoOci.'.rio!T of industrial accident boards and commissions, ashe- VILLE, NORTH C..R0LIN. . ( U. S. Dept. Labor, Div. Labor Standards, Bull. no. 4, 1936.) The following'thro- abstracts summarize the papers of greatest interest among a number of others presented at this meeting. Those not abstracted inolude a fc-v others on various aspects of pneumoconiosis and a larger number on proventic of occupational diseases cad accidents, worimen's compensation and its admin istration and other matters of general interest. (The entire report is ob tainable from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 20 oents cash.) 303. ESSENTIALS I!: T-E DL* GNOSIS OF SILICOSIS ."V TUBERCULOSIS. L. U. Gardner. (U. S, Dv.pt. L'bor, Div. Labor Standards Bull. no. 4, 1936). The author begins by defining pneumoconiosis as "a condition of the lungs re sulting from the prolonged inhalation of dust." The condition becomes a dis ease only .'.hen serious oharves producing symptoms occur. An outline of the types of dust is ae:: rrosontvd, with emphasis on the point of "adequate ex posure" and the importance of a good oceunabi -u.nl history. The pathological and rocntgennlopicl features of silicosis -.r.d esbestosis are reviewed con cisely. A discussion of symptoms end prevention concludes the paper. (See note on abstract 302.) 304. RELATIONSHIP OF A53EST0SIS AND SILICOSIS TO DISABILITY. R. R. Sayers. (U. S. Dept. Labor, Div. Labor Standards, bull, no# 4, 1936). The definition of'silicosis drawn up by the American Public Health Association is followed by the author's equally full definitions of asbestosis aid of dis ability. The Increased lost time due to respiratory infections among workers in dusty ateospheres, as compared to other workers, is demonstrated. In one of the dustiest occupations, that of hand pneumatic cutters in the granite in dustry, where the dust is high in silica, the time lost from such illness is four times as great as among workers exposed to minimum quantities of Industrie, dust. Tables of anthraco-silicosis and associated respiratory infection and of mortality from respiratory tuberculosis are included. (For reprints sec abstract Mo. 302.) 305 PNEUMOCONIOSIS. R. Hunt. (U.S. Dept Labor, Div. Labor Standards, Bull no. 4 1936). The author considers "pneumoconiosis" as a general term very broad in scope and referring to presence of any dust in the lungs. A review of the pathology of the pneumoconioses is followed by a more detailed discussion of that of silicosis. He states that "silica is soluble in the weak body alkalies, producing lrifBB-0009570 References to Recent Literature - 4 a toxin or poison, which "so alters the immediate surrounding tissue that it loses its resistance and becomes incapable of protecting itself against the invasion of foreign bacteria." "Roughly speaking, an atmosphere containing 5 to 25 million particles (of silica dust) per cubic foot, may produce silicosis in from 5 to 25 '/ears, and about 25% of all dust workers will eventual contract the disease." The history, physical examination, x-ray examination dust counts and thv progress of silicosis after exposure has ceased, oro briefly discussed. Silica found in the lungs at autopsy amounts to 2 to 50% of the total ash. Authorities hesitate to call an amount less than 15# ab normal. (For reprints see abstract No. 302.) 306. TIE KE/J.TIT 0? CEMENT V.r0FJCERS. A. J. R. Curtis. Pit and Quarry, 71, 66-70 (April 1937). The results of several years1 research work in plants of the Portland Cement Association are presented. The study included respiratory, abdominal, di gestive and miscellaneous -isorders. There is little evidence of silicosis among cement workers, as may be anticipated from the very low content of free silica (about 2#). The death rate for tuberculosis among cement workers is only one-half that for all males in the U. S. Rogistrrtion Area. Minor re spiratory diseases are connon but cannot be associated with dust exposure. Rheumatism and arthritis are the most important miscellaneous illnesses. Other diseases are discussed briefly. (This office will have information about reprints on inquiry.) 307. CONDITIONS OF WORK . ND MORBIDITY AMONG WORKERS AT A THOMAS SLAG MILL. A. G. Kalashian. Gigiena truda i tek. bezopasnosti (Russian) no. 6, 93-94 (1936) Very high dust concentrations were found at tho Thomas slag mill of the metal lurgical plant at Kerch. Respiratory diseases are much more frequent among workers in. this departaent than elsewhere in the plant. The author advises dust control, careful selection of workers, medical supervision and occa sional transfer to less dusty places 308. MANGANESE PNEUMONIA. E. V. B&ader. Aerztlich. Snchverstand. Zt. (German) 43, 75-81 (1937). ^particular case of pneumonia in a worker handling pyrolusite in making dry cells led to a bibliographical study of manganese and limonite mining in various countries. A high incidence of lung inflammation, including many fatal ersec, was found in -ail countries. In the case described, manganese dust was found in the lungs, although there was no change in the connective tissue. 309. THE HIST PROJECTOR FOR SUPPRESSING DUST AND FUMES AFTER SHOT-FIRING -- H0LMAN7ZETHERILL MIST PROJECTOR. P. S. Hay. Iron and Coal Trados Rev. 132, 580 (Mar. 27, 1936). Discussion of this paper at various moetings is carried through sev.ral later issues. Spraying systems and other wetting processes for laying dust in mines are gcnerall;/ ineffective, because the comparatively small number of coarse drops is insufficient to bring than into contact with all the dust. This difficult* is obviated by tho use of a fine spray, end various mechanical means of pro ducing a fine mist were tried. Experiments were made on (l) the optimum size of the water particle, (2) the design of projector to give the most effective mist, (3) tho addition of small amounts of wetting reagents, and (4) tho ef fect ir. dealing with fumes and smoke from explosives, which have been shown to accelerate the development of silicosis. The addition of alkalies was ef fective in absorbing these gases, but it was brought out in the discussion M ( Q ) w :ii HMBB-0009571 --. e\ References to Recent Litorature - 5 that the olko.ll dries on the clothing rind bodies of miners. A small apparatus embodying the results of the research was found to reduce the dust concentra tion to about 175?* With the Holr.os-7/othcrill mist projector a small quantity of castor oil is fed into the air stream and atomized with the water. The oil retards evaporation and consequent drying of the dust* Mine tests shewed that 805$ of the dust pro duced by blasting was wetted and deposited near the source of production. Al though this projector is still in an early state, the results obtained give promise of greater comfort for the worker* The dust particles remaining in suspension arc mostly 0*5 to 2 microns in diamoter* The mist projector is mast offactive where the ventilation is sluggish* (No reprints are available, but the material may be published later in a report* Copies of the magazine are obtainable through G. E* Stechcrt 4 Co*, 31 E* 10th St., New York City*) 310* THE SCICROKETSIC ESTI1..TI0N OF QUARTZ IN ROCKS. S. H. Shaw. Bull. Inst. Min. & ifet. 385, 1? and 336, 9-22 (1936) Tho object of the invest:grtion was to check the chemical estimation of quarts or fre> silica 5r. rocks by the micronctric method and to determine the re liability of tiv. latter. (This method applies to material in the rock and cannot be used for dust or fine particles.) The Dclasse-Rosiwal method is ap plicable to any homogeneous rock. A representative plane surface is propared, and the sum of the intercepts made by any constituent on a sufficiently long line, divided rv tho length of tho line, is taken as the volume fraction of the ; constituent. The chemical estimations of free silica were made by a "rational analysis" method, in which the powdered sample is troated alternately with aoid and alkaline solutions so that only the silica end refractory silicates, mostly crthoclase, remain. The residue is analyzed for alumina, a proportion of sil ica sufficient to make crthoclase is assigned to the alumina, and the remainder is taken as free silica. Tho chemical ar.d nicrometric analyses chock satisfactorily for ig:v.oua rooks. In sedimentary rocks such as sandstones, the micrametrie method gives low re sults as calipered with the chemical, probably because fine-grained quartz may be overlooked. In shales, clays, etc*, the discrepancy would be still greater and the micronctric method is unsuitable* The presence of carbonates oauses especially Ion- results for quartz* (These culletins are obtainable through G. E Steohert 4 Co*, 31 E 10th St., New York City.) 311. DUST PREVENTION AED ELIMINATION. Ceram. Ind. 28, 299-302, 339.41 (April 1937). A general discussion of the necessity of cleanliness and methods of dust de termination and collection is followed by a description of means actually used and found successful in pottery, glass and enamel plants, with a amber of il lustrations'* In the pottery industry, the most difficult problem is in the handling of pott.er*s flint or feldspar high in free silica* Shipping in double bags is a partial solution, but spraying water at the time of loading is better* In other operations properly designed exhaust systems have proved successful* After a dust survey had bocr. conduotcd and improvements made, no dust concentra tion of over 1 million particles per cubic foot was found. In the glass in dustry tho only hazard is in the handling of raw materials, and it has been greatly reduced Vy improvements such as unloading cars by suotion, briquetting, dust boots nd enclosed mixers. An ononel plant is easily oloaned to suoh an extent th-t the duct hazard becancs negligible. In a plant studied positive pressure is used throughout the enamel shop. Tho greatest hazard is in sand blasting, where, suction for tho enclosed room and positive pressure for the oper ator have beer, used successfully* In spraying and brushing operations a good down-draft exhaust is efficient* (See abstract 292.) 'ZS -is 0 ~3 <:. - References to Recent Literature - 6 312. AIRBORNE COAL DUST -- ABATEMENT OF THE NUISANCE IN INTENSIVE CONVEYOR MINING. A. L. Davies* Colliery Guardian, 153, 755-758 (Oct* 23, 1936) Wetting of crushed coal in a dusty screening pleat was found to reduoe the dust by 99*5/'. in the chanter under the truck tip and by SO?. in the vibrating screen room, without reducing the screen efficiency* Nozzles with 1/8 inch orifiees. were used with a`w&'-.cr pressure of 40 lbs. per sq in. The coal rate was about 50 tons per hour. (Periodical obtainable from Stechcrt as abovei) 313. PREVENTION OP STOKE /NO DUST EMISSION FROM CHIMNEYS. Maturo 139, 138-141 (Jen. 1337) In Great Britain 165 million tons of coal arc used annually, including 35 mil lion tons in domestic grates. The large industrial units are oquippod with dust and cinder-catching devices, such as cyclones and settling chambers. The 6ottrell process has boor, successfully applied to collecting fly ash, but it docs not affect the sulfur gases. In a large British powor station 1$ million cubic feet of flue gas are scrubbed per minute to reduce the discharged sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxido concentrations to reasonable figures. (Magazine ob tainable from the McMillan Co.) 314. HYDRAULIC COAL BURSTING AT NEVDIGATE COLLIERY. D. S. Ncwcy. Trans* Instn. Min. Engrs., London, 92, 274-232. DISCUSSION, 282-290 (Feb*, 1937). This paper describes a nev; method of obtaining coal without the use of ex plosives, thus avoiding noise, danger of explosions from shot-firing, formation of nitrous fumes, and danger to the roof, and producing a minimum quantity of dust* The coal burster is a stainless steel barrol bored at fixed intervals to roceive pistons or plungers* A hole of small bore runs through the barrel and connunicatoe with each of the plunger cavities while the barrel is eonneoted to a pump* Operation of the pump causos the plungers to emerge under pressure, usually for a distance of 3r- inches* After the coal is undercut, holes arc drilled in the coal to take the burster and the pressure is turned on* The pressure developed is 4,000 to 5,000 pounds per square inch and the total force exerted is 50 or 60 tons. The coal is brought down in 2 or 3 minutos* (This office will have information on the availability of reprints*) 315. MEDICAL ASPECTS OF SILICOSIS. Ceram. Ind. 28, 294,374. (April 1937). A brief discussion of the cause and course oF'silieosis, the prcvnlenee the silicosis racket and the necessity for expert modioal examination* note on abstract 292). of (Soo 316. SOME ASPECTS OF BLANKET COVERAGE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN THE UNITED STATES. L. R# Thompson. U. S. Pub* Health Repts*, 52, 329-334 (March 19, 1937). Attention is called to the groat diversity of wortaaon's compensation laws in this country* Occupational diseases are covered generally in only 8 states, in others only specified diseases arc covered, and in many no provision at all is made. Laws that cover only certain diseases have been criticizod as "unfair, illogical* sanies* and ineffective*" The change from no eo^Qjragp to blanket coverage V increase'the rates by n*t ver 1^. v**. Statistics of the operation oi* the Wisconsin blanket law are given* Opponents of the blanket law contend that the advantage of prompt payment is frequently lost* (Copies of the Report of above date arc obtainable from tho Superintend ent of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 10 cents cash.) HWBB-0009572 NMBft-0009573 References to Recent Literature - 7 317, SILICOSIS - RACKET OK RESPONSIBILITY? (Instalment 1) Charles S, Pearce. Ceram Ind* 28, 1-10, 145 (Fob, 1937). The author cites ir.st.rn.ces of the "silicosis racket" in which physicians incom petent to diagnosis silicosis and unscrupulous lawyers have had more influence on unintelligent juries than experts with carefully and scientifically prepared evidence. The author then considers tho actual danger in certain operations in the cnanol industry. Sandblasting is a serious hazard, but the author's exper S_r. ience with spraying and grinding with carborundum wheels convince him that they do not involve a silicosis hazard* (See note on abstract 292, but note that th is in the February number.) 318. PREVENTION OF SILICOSIS BY IMPROVEMENTS IN PL.`JIT WORKING CONDITIONS, (instalmcr 2) Charles S. Pcarcc. Ceram, Ind. 2^, 342-344 (April 1937), A general paper on dust control, especially in the enonol industry, including exhaust systems, spraying booths, respirators end positiTC pressure holments. (See net?: on abstract 293,) C Scientific papers on industrial poisons and other subjects exclusive of dust. 319. CHEMICAL CANCER 'I. R. vnr. Thcmsche. Ing, chim. (French) 20, 30-35 (1936). Cases of cancer due tc soot are twice as frequent in chimney sweepers as in any other occupation. Personal cleanliness and tightly fitting clothing around the neck and extremities arstho best preventives. Similar precautions in oases ex posed to gasoline, paraffins, oils and greases, and especially tar, pitch, rosin and aniline dyes, will do much toward preventing canoer caused by these sub stances, Strict.medical supervision and the uses of processes whioh avoid eontact with the product will further reduce the danger. Tho derivatives 1,2 ben2opyrer.c and 1, 2, fi, c - dibenzanthraoer.e are particularly aotive in forrring cancers. The author suggests a chemical explanation of their action. 320. THE PHOSPHORUS CONSENT OF BLOOD AND OF BONE IN VARIOUS TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL POISONING; LEAD, MERCURY, CHROMIUM. PHOSPHORUS, STRONIUM AND FLUORINE. P. Cirlo lied, del Uv. (Italian) 28, 44-54 (1937). In lead and chromium poisoning the total phosphorus In the blood is inoreased, while the soluble portion is diminished. With strontium the total and lipoid phosphorus are increased, while in acute poisoning the inorganic and aeid solub? fractions are decreased* In fluorine poisoning the blood phosphorus is variable but it tends to remain stationary in phsophorus poisoning. The bone phosphorus in the epiphysial region tends to diminish in lead and chramim poisoning, while with lead and mercury it remains normal. It is much augmented in fluorine and i acute strontium poisoning, 321. LEAD POISONING V.TTH SYMPTOMATOLOGY REFERRING TO THE ALIMENTARY TRACT. L. Preti. Med. del Lav,, 28 1-11 (1937). A discussion of a lead poisoning case, including symptoms of the gastro-intestir tract and argument concerning the duty of the state toward workers so afflioted, 322. CHRONIC LEAD TOISONIKG r.'ITT! 5Y1TT0KAT0L0GY REFERRING TO THE CARDI0-7ASCULAKRENAL SYSTEM. L. Preti. Led. del Lav., 28, 33-43 (1937) A detailed description of a case of lead poisoning in a varnisher, aged 46, is presented. The (Italian) legal implications of compensation and the question of beginning eld age pension retirement for such an individual are discussed. HMB8-0009574 References to Recent Literature - 3 323. SIGNIFICANCE Of ANE BLOOD HOYTHE, LEAD ELIIYN.TION IN THE UPINE BY KEANS OF VARIOUS CALCIC!' IREl-I-. YIONS AIO THEIR BEL;TIC-* TO I-HOSIHATE NZTABOLISN. INVESTIGATICK'S ON NCF-' t ZEICSONS, F. Schr.itt and V:* Basse. Arch, f * exp. Pathol, u. Tharnnkol (German) 134, 541-546 (Jan. 15, 1937). A lir.v calciiT". diet ir normal persons produces on increase of load in the blood and a shift of the total phosphorus in the plasma. Calcixra given intravenously or orally increases the total phosphorus, also the lead in the blood, sometimes to values approach!:'./: values found in lead poisoning. There is a relation be tween calcium, total phosphorus end load, manifesting itself in a parallel in crease. 324. CARBON ITCNCVIDE AS A TISSUE POISON. E. Schultzc. Klin. Wohnsehr., (Goman) 16. 417-423 (1927). One of two groups of guinea pigs wns exposed for 15 to 20 days, 2^ hours daily, to vory small mounts of oxygen, while the other was exposed 10 to 20 minutes daily to a carbon monoxide concentration of 0.5,,. In the first group the thyroid remained normal, while ir. the second, hypcrfunctior. developed* Therefore it is not deprivation of oxygen but carbon monoxide that causes these changes, the lat ter acting as a tissue poison. 325. THE TOXICITY OF INDUS?*!. L SOLVENTS. B. C. Harry* Faint Ifcnuf*, 6, 288-290 (1936). * The important solvents and plasticizers are discussed with regard to solvent properties, uses and disadvantages, especially poisonous properties* The author recommends that only the least toxic of the chlorinated hydrocarbons be used in paints, varnish strippers, and allied products and their presence should be shown on the wrapper of the container. Ketones, esters, and plasticizers cause but little damage* 326. POISON G..SES AND THE IETB0LEU!! INDUSTRY. S. J. !-*. Auld. Petroleum Times, 35, 781-732 (1936). This paper deals with poisonous gases used in warfare and the possibility of de cs velopment of now gases from petroleum. Ethylene is a great potential source of war gas, with the possibility of 4055 being converted into mustard gas. Cracked gas may be the foundation of the "persistent-lethal" for which search is being made. 327. m: DISCOVERIES ON INJURY TO HEALTH BY CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. F. Koolsch. Chem. Ffcbrio, (German) 421-429 (1936)* iai address on the poisoning by chemical. substances, the-ir effects, individual susceptibility, diagnosis and sanitary precautions. The substances treated in clude most poisonous motals, carbon monoxide and some organio compounds* 328. EFFECT OF ANILINE ON THE LIVER AND ON THE FUNCTION OF THE FITUITARY AND ADRENALS N. M. Rudenko. Gigiena truda i tek, bezopasnosti (Russian) , 19-24 (1936). Animal experiments on the effect of aniline administered by various methods show ed that it'acts on the liquids of the parenchymatous organs, especially on the liver, andnot upon the central nervous system, as many authors believe. A new method of determining the effect of aniline on hormone formation shows that the thyreotropio hormone and adrenaline remain within the normal limits. HMBB-0009575 References tv Recent Literature - 9 329. SEKZEIS SICKNESS IR NORTEAS ATFLYING RUBBER GLUES. E. Holstein. Med. Welt. (German) 11, 391-293 (1937). A study was maoe of 85 rerscr.s engaged in gluing together pieces or rubber for rubber shoes, with a glue containing 73# benzene and 13# triehlorethylenc. Eleven oases of benzene poisoning were found, also 14 others who had been ill from aner.i:. and hemorrhago. Improved ventilation was ordered end the use of the solvent was discontinued. 330. FATAL PKOSFHIl'E POISONING IN FUMIGATING FOR CORN WEEVIL. 0. Gessncr. Straml. v. Vcrgift*, (German) 3, (Gutachter.) 13-18 (1937)* Phosphine in high concentrations was liberated from bags containing 30 grams each cf aluminum phosphide, distributed throughout a granary* Twelve cases of nausea and one death followed* 331. KET.V ILTKOD OF INVESTIGATING INDUSTRIAL DISEASES. F. Tinoa* Deutsch. Ztschr* f. d* ges. gericht* lied., (Gennar.) 28, 48-50 (1937). By the use of a darkfield method proposed by the author, it is possible to de tect small sr.ounts of heavy metal in the organism, how the metal penetrated, where it is deposited and how its mobilization by medicaments tates place. He reports as an example, a case of lead poisoning* (These claims appear rather broad, but this is all the information we have at present* Abstr*) 332. A MICROGRAVIMETRIC METHOD FDR DETERMINING 3`ALL .'MOUNTS OF MERCURY VAPOR IN AIR. V. A. Fiankov* J. Applied Chcm*, (U.S.S.R) 9^, 580-582 (1936). On passing the air through a spiral tube containing iodine, crystals of aerouric iodido settle on the walls of the spiral* After removal of the excess iodine, the mercuric iodide is dissolved out with ethor, dried and weighed* 333. PURIFICATION OF G.'.SES AT THE MERCURY PLANT AT KIKITOVO. V. A* Piankoff and M. L. Loevsky. Gigicna truda i tek* bozopasnosti (Russian) B, 57-58 (1936). It was found that 2 to 3 kilograms of mercury wore lost daily* Considerable sul fur dioxide vrao also present. The authors recommend catching the sulfur dioxide with dilute ammonia and fixation of the mercury with chlorine. 334. DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN AIR AND ABS0RI7IGN OF V4TGBS OF MERCURY WITH THE AID OF I-2TALLIC GOLD. V. Major. Collection Czechoslov. Chcm* Comun*, 339-348 (1936). Very small quantities of mercury are determined by distilling into a fine cap illary, uniting the glibules with the aid of a centrifuge and measuring the length of the thread of mercury* In some oases the mercury was condensed in tubes ohillod with liquid air. Quantities larger than 0*5 g* per liter the oolorimctric method is advised. 335. DETERMINAfSwV OF SMALL CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFUR DIOXIEB AND H9S0GEN SULFIDE IN AIR. II* V. G. Gurevich and V. P* Vendt. J* Gen* Chem* (USSR) 6 , 962-971 (1936). The modified method of Vorlandcr end teliuw ^spends on the different rates of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and awlfur Glcaeido in air in an cusnonium hydroxid The sulfate is prooipitated with lead nitrate and tiie turbidity due to lead sul fate is determined with the aid of a special photoelectrio nephelometer* De tails of the method are given in Chenieal Abstracts, for Feb. 20, 1937, col. 62'. or will be supplied on request) but we doubt whether they are full enough to follow without referring to the original Russian. HB8' (m09576 References to Recent Literature - 10 336. note on an invest:fv.nor oy l-.tg d/avge n: niters, carried oitt in october-nov: BER, 1936 IN THE SC!*!!EE EE RG-NEUSTADTER TUTS. E. Noitzel. Arbcitssehutz pp. 70-72 (1937). As a result of filtration experiments the r.uthcr concludes that the lung in juries ir the Sehnceburg runes arc caused by the radium. emanations, end net b; air ccllcids or dust. The quantity of emanation ir. the air was not decreased by filtering through carbon, although it wrs '.'hen silica gel vjus used. For pro tection of the miners, the author suggests the use of pneumatic drills where th. emanation content is high, control of mine air, : nd changes of working place for the miners. 337* LATE lOSE'OP.TE: DESESTRATIOK OF CARBON MONOXIDE. Tieczarkowski. Polska Gazcta Leknrska, 16, 24-26 (Jan* 10, 1937)* The literature on death by asphyxiation from illuminating .gas is neager fren the viewpoint of demonstrating the cause of death after exhumation of the suspected body* The author's experiments yield additional information on that point, and > show that unde-r sere conditions the presonco of carbon m.onoxido can bo demonstra ted for a surorisijvlv lenr tire after death. B Spoctrosccpic and chemical examination of the blood reveals the presence of car bon monoxide, even in decrm.pos'.d parts of the body after 2^ years* If blood poisoned by the gas is scaled v/ith exclusion of air, spectral and chemical an alysis demonstrate its presence even after 20 years* The presence of the gas may also be demonstrated during 1 year by pouring thickly and drying the blood* However, if the blood is in contact with air, the tests are ineffective in a much shorter time, depending on the extent of contact* The blood mixed with Jaederholm's solution shows carbon monoxide for only a short time. 338* SOVIET CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS FOR CARBON TONOXIDE. T. P. Glazkoff* Gigiena truda i tek* oezopasnosti, 6, 89-90 (1936). -tj Two hopkalite cartridge respirators are described, one with 1900 cc* capacity, good for 10 to 12 hours, and the other, 700 cc* usable for 1^ to 3 hours* A dis* advantage is that they give no warning when their effectiveness ceases*