Document jBLkRYrn28E6xgpJz8odqgDXO

FILE NAME: Concrete (CONC) DATE: 1939 Aug DOC#: CONC008 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article - Character and Composition of Industrial Dusts I CEMENT Ml Charter Member Associated Business Papers C o n c r e t e , with which has been com bined Cement Age, New York, and Concrete Engineering, Cleveland, is devoted to-the Proper Use of Concrete and the Manufacture of Cement. Published Monthly by Co n crete P i/3 l is h in c Corpo ra tio n 400 West Madison Street Chicago, Illinois Telephone CENtral 8822 CEMENT MILL SECTION of mEstablished 1904 Volum e 47 A ugust, 1939 Number 8 Norman M. St in e m a n , Editor J. C. W itt, Consulting Editor A. C. Bamberger, Assistant Editor Louis rookman, Jr., Business Manager L. Moeller, Circulation Manager Harold 0. Hayes, Promotion Manager CONTENTS u Representatives New York City E. Macdonald Bacon 17 West 45th--Room 909 Longacre 3-5260 How Improved Machinery Has Made Cement of Higher Quality . 208 Combine Higher Wages and Better Product with Lower Prices for Cement ....................................................................................... 203 sd Detroit Proposed Teat for Autoclave Expansion of Portland Cement 233 Packer & Tarbell Proper Balances and Weights Are Needed ................................. 210 d- 419 Cucii; Bid*... 2842 W. Grand BUd. Madison 154 Character and Composition of Industrial Dusts ........................ 211 id San Francisco: Don Harway Methods for Determination of Free Lime in Cement and Clinker 212 Room 1009, 155 Montgomery St. Exbrook 6029 Determining Specific Gravity of Cement .............................. 214 Los Anzeles: Don Harway & Co. High Points of Accident Record for 1938 ...................................... 214 h 318 West Ninth Street Tucker 9706 Editorial D iscussion.................- ............ .................. _ ................... 215 Downward Trend in Accidents il Higher Quality. Lower Price Big Reduction in Quarry Lahcr The Cement Mill Edition of Concrete I Fixed It The Cement Mill Edition of Concrete is edited exclusively for those interested in the manufacture of Portland cement and related products. its pages are devoted to discussions of plant design, management, operation, production, effi ciency, chemical research and control, quarry op eration, progress and news of the industry. The Cement Mill Edition also contains all the material published in the corresponding Regular Edition and so provides news of the uses and merchandising of the materials whose manufacture is discussed in the Mill Edition. The Regular Section furnishes mill operating officials and mill executives valuable points of con tact with the users of the materials they produce. The subscription price is $4.00 a year in the United States and its possessions, and Mexico. One Dollar additional for postage in all other countries. Current copies, 50 cents each. Devices for Quick Sampling of Industrial D u sts.... .........-- 216 Big Re-Dedication Service at Buffiagton by Universal Atlas .... 217 New Packing Plant for Universal Atlas Opened at Green Bay . 218 Measuring Temperatures of Gas ....... . ..................................... . 218 Mill Equipment ............ ......... .................................................... . 219 Men and Mills ......... ................................................................... .. 220 % Advertisers' Index. Page 32 Charter Member CONCRETE is indexed in INDUSTRIAL ARTS INDEX, which may be consulted in any Technical or Public Library Audit Bureau of Circulations C O N C R E T E -- Cement Mill Section -- August 1939 Copyright, 1939. by Concrete Publishing Corp. Page 205 CEMENT M ILL S z o -H A m c # ) the size frequency of dust in air is that Character and Composition given by Green, using Patterson's grati cule method. of Industrial Dusts This committee recognizes the fact that the major portion of the dust suspended in industrial atmospheres is of a size cap able of gaining entrance to the lungs. Committee on Engineering Control Tells of Types of Instruments Now Available Hence, the plant engineer will not be greatly concerned with the determination of the size of industrial dusts. The dis cussion of the size of dusts in air is pre sented in this report primarily for those who may be interested in this subject, INSTRUMENTS now available for de termining the nature and composition of industrial dusts are discussed in a re port to the National Silicosis Conference samples have been utilized for this pur pose; comparative studies of the two in struments yield practically identical re sults. The Owens jet dust counter obtains especially when dealing with a dusty process heretofore not studied. Composition of Industrial Dusts prepared by a subcommittee of the Com a sample of dust from the air in more or The work of the past 20 years on the mbyittWeearornenEAn.giCnoeoerki,ngof CthoentCrool,nnheecatdiceudt dleesvsicuenathlteeraetdmcoosnpdhietrioicn,dsuisntceiswdiitrhecthtliys sdoe-mcaolnlesdtratfeidbrtohsaist,-pinrogdeunceinragl, dthuestdseghreaes -"-I State Department of Health, Hartford, projected on a naked cover slip. More of health hazard associated with the in Connecticut. The subcommittee was over, the instrument is small, compact, halation of any dust, all other factors i headed by J. J. Bloomfield. requires only hand power, and samples remaining constant, is dependent upon are obtained quickly and easily without the mineralogical composition. Size of Particles needing much skill of operation. The determination of the composition So far as the size of dust particles is Once these samples have been obtained of mineral dusts found in industry often concerned, the committee points out, it is and properly mounted, the dust particles presents appreciable difficulties and re apparent that in order for any given dust may be measured by the use of a filar quires a somewhat different technique to produce injury to the lungs, it must ocular micrometer at a magnification of from that which is customarily employed ` i gain access to the parenchyma of the 1,000 diameters loil immersion objec in chemical analyses. For certain dusts - { lungs, the site where the harmful effects tive i . The horizontal diameters of at least a combination of chemical and petro of the dust take place. It has already 200 dust particles in several representa graphic methods may be necessary. In been diown that not all of the particles tive fields are measured for each sample. other instances the ordinary chemical of inhaled dust gain access to or are re W'ith this magnification it is possible to methods will suffice. The difficulty with tained by the human lungs. For these measure particles as small as 0.5 micron petrographic studies of dust is due to the reasons it is of some value to determine in size, while particles smaller than this fact that the size of dust in the air is the size of the dust present in the indus size are easily distinguished at this mag much smaller than that which lends it trial atmosphere. nification and their presence recorded. self to usual petrographic technique. For It has also been demonstrated that par ticles of a size greater than 10 microns Photographic Methods this reason it has been found necessary to utilize samples of dust which have set in longest dimension are very seldom Photographic methods have been sug tled on rafters, ledges, and on other ob found in the lungs, due partly to the fact gested and used for measuring dust par jects in the workroom. In many instances that the number of such particles in in ticles, but in order to obtain good pho such samples of settled dust will not be dustrial air is comparatively small when tomicrographs it is essential that the dust of the same composition as the dust that - 4 particles in the lower size range are con particles be in one plane, free from is actually suspended at the breathing sidered. Due to gravity, which causes Brownian movement and well dispersed. level of the worker. Hence the recent l rapid settling of suspensions, and due to Since industrial dusts are seldom of a practice has been to analyze, in addition the protective action of the upper respira uinform size, it is difficult to fulfill the to the settled dust, the dust actually sus tory tract, these larger particles do not first requirement. Comparisons have pended in the air, which may be collected penetrate to the terminal portions of the been made between the results obtained by the ordinary type of vacuum cleaner, lungs. Hence, it is obvious that atten with the direct filar measurements and using a paper bag as a filter. tion should be directed to those particles the photographic method on typical in Concerning the chemical composition which are less than 10 microns in longest dustrial dust samples. This comparison of various mineral dusts found in indus dimension. demonstrates that the simpler and less try, the reader is referred to such treatises The likely procedure for the sampling expensive filar method yields practically on this subject as The Analysis of Silicate of atmospheric dusts for particle-size the same results. Since the filar method and Carbonate Rock, by W. F. Hille- studies would be to employ the same in fulfills the requirements of this problem, brand, and The Commercial Granites of strument utilized in sampling dust for it is suggested for use in such studies un New England, by T. Nelson Dale, both quantification. less permanent records are desired, where of the United States Geological Survey. photographs might well meet the require A chemical method which has been found f Owens Dust Counter ment. Another method for particle-size useful for the determination of free silica i In the past, the Owens jet dust counter studies employed recently is the micro- in certain minerals is that described by has been employed extensively for such projection technique described by Brown. Selvig. A petrographic method recently investigations, although of late impinger Still another technique for determining (Continued on page 213) C O N C R E T E -- Cemenl Mill Section -- August, 1939 Page 211 the same method as developed by Messrs. Bogue and Lerch. except for the end point. End points (Ll and (3) have Been in general use, but end points (2) and <41, the idea o-f which was con ceived by the Working Committee, found reater favor among those who tried them. The latter end points are specified in the recommended methods, end point (2) for the preferred method, and end point (4) for the alternate method. Method lla-IIIa is a combination of method lla and method Ilia and gives the operator his choice of barium chlo ride and sodium chloride as accelerator. These methods, rewritten in A.S.T.M. style, are recommended for publication as tentative, to be included in the present Tentative Methods of Chemical Analysis of Portland Cement IA.S.T.M. Designa tion: C 414-1 of the American Society for Testing Materials. The Working Committee gave serious thought to the possibility of recommend ing method I\ as a second alternate method, but it was decided that it was not advisable to recommend too manv alternate methods when one alternate method in the form of method lla-HIa would satisfy the requirements in most cases for a quick method of test. On the basis of averages and probable errors, as compared with method la, method IV seems to have a tendency to give high results with clinker low in free lime; but, as a whole, it compares favorably with methods Ha and 111a. The A.S.T.M. methods are primarily for the purpose of acceptance tests. Any laboratory would be justified in using method IV for ob taining information which is not intended for the acceptance or rejection of cement. Discussion of Methods Method V did not find very much favor among those co-operating laboratories that were able to obtain the necessary apparatus. The expensive equipment re quired is probably the chief objection to the method Some of the operators also had considerable trouble in getting rapid and clear filtration, which was pos sibly due to lack of experience with the method. It is possible for an experienced operator to obtain results that check fairly well with results by method [a. On the average, method la requires about 7 hr. for a determination, while method Ila-llla requires about 3 hr. When only one or two determinations are to be run, method IV or method V may be used to good advantage, as each requires only l hr. or less per determina tion, but these procedures require con stant attention. When a larger number of determinations are to be made in one d'ay, most operators will find it more sat isfactory to use method lla-IIla, because it does not require constant attention and they can attend to other work at the same time. Anhydrous or nearly anhydrous gly cerol was required for methods lb, lib, and II fb and directions were given for its preparation from ordinary glycerol. Two of the co-operating laboratories in this country reported the purchase of an hydrous glycerol, but the Working Com mittee was unable to locate a source of anhydrous glycerol in this country. One of these two laboratories obtained some glycerol which was labelled "c.p. anhydrous special glycerol." Several months after its use, its specific gravity was determined and the water content was calculated to be 1.6 per cent- Com plete information about this glycerol could not be obtained from the dealer. The other laboratory used glycerol which a well-known manufacturer mar kets as "special-absolute-pure glycerine, c.p." at a high price. Tests of the mate rial indicated that it contains 5 per cent of water. This has been taken up with the manufacturer, but as yet a reply has not been received. M eaning of "Chemically Pure" It seems that some dealers of labora tory supplies have the impression that CHARACTER OF DUSTS (Continued from page 211) described by Ross and Sehl has been found to be of value in determining free silica in dust. A paper discussing gen eral petrographic methods and their spe cific application to industrial dust analy sis with particular emphasis on those properties that are used in the identifica tion of particles less than 10 microns in diameter has been recently published by Williams, together with the technique which he employs. However, a combina tion of both chemical and petrographic methods is, in most instances, advisable, and the procedures employed for such determinations have been fully discussed by Knopf. An excellent treatment of the entire subjejct of the determination of the composition of industrial dusts is also discussed by Drinker and Hatch. It is apparent from the present discus sion of the determination of the composi tion of industrial dusts that there is a great need for a standardized procedure on this subject. The entire matter should "chemically pure" glycerol is 100 per cent glycerol. It is natural, but errone ous. It is obvious that water is not con sidered to be an impurity by manufac turers. In the method a note has accord ingly been included calling attention to the possible presence of water. Five per cent of water is allowed, but it is neces sary to test the glycerol in order to be sure that this limit is not exceeded. The work of the investigation shows that when a salt is not used to accelerate the solution of free calcium, oxide in the glycerol-ethanol method, the result is not affected by water whose content in the solvent may be as great as 0.8 per cent. On the other hand, when a salt is used as accelerator, there may be an appre ciable decomposition of sample, which is increased by the presence of water. How ever, the method, in which such an ac celerator may be used, can be employed only as an alternate method and is sub ject to a check by the standard method in case of dispute. The removal of water from glycerol would mean additional ex pense. For these reasons anhydrous gly cerol is not specified, either in the pre ferred method or in the alternate method. A note has been inserted calling attention to the tendency of the alternate method (method BE to give higher results than the preferred method (method A), and to the value of occasionally checking re sults of the alternate method by the pre ferred method. be a subject of research in order that there may be developed some simple and easy technique capable of being em ployed by a chemist or engineer. A method which shows some promise has recently been described by Clark, which employs X-ray diffraction technique. This committee desires to call attention to the fact that the accurate determina tion of the composition of an industrial dust is not a task which can be readily performed except by a specialist well versed in the field of chemistry and mineralogy. Accident Statistics for 1938 NATIONAL Safety Council, 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago, has pub lished a series of annual statistical re ports on various industries, including one headed Accident Rates in the Cement. Mining and Quarry Industries. The re port carries 9 pages (8V-j by 11 in.I of accident statistics, covering figures on all phases of the accident-prevention rec ord for the calendar year 1938. C O N C R E T E -- Cement Mill Section -- A ugust 1939 Page 21 Devices for Quick Sampling of Industrial Dusts AQ l ANTITATIVE basis upon which plant engineers mav approach the dust problem , not only from the view point of exact studies of the concentra tion and character of industrial dusts, but also from the standpoint of deter mining dust concentration quickly and in routine fashion, is presented in the re port to the N ational Silicosis Conference by the Committe on Engineering Control, of which ii arren A Cook1 is chairman. The report was prepared b\ the subcom mittee on the determ ination of concen tration and character of industrial dusts, headed by J. J. Bloomfield. Sampling of Dusts The range in dust concentrations en countered in industries is ver\ great, de pending on the industrial processes, the derices installed for mitigating the dust created, and the efficiency with which such devices function. For these reasons an ideal instrum ent should be one cap able of sam pling with equal efficieno in both high and low dust concentrations. This requires a dust-collecting medium which will not add dust, to anv great de gree, to the dust in the sam pled air. F ur thermore, the collecting medium must he uniform in dust content, so that one or two control tests on this medium will be sufficient for a series of samples. Since the dust content of industrial air is ever varying, it is essential that the dust-sampling instrument be capable of collecting a ir for any desired length of time, in order to obtain a representative picture of existing conditions. And finally, the ideal instrum ent will be one that requires only a simple and fairly rapid method of analysis. At present there are no instruments which may be said to be ideal. However, several devices which have been used for many years approach the above require ments. The Impinger The impinger apparatus and the meth ods of sampling and enumeration of dust 1 Connecticut State Department of Health, Hartford. Connecticut. as adopted by the Public Health Service, the American Public Health Association, and others, have been employed for more than 13 years as a standard instrument and procedure for detailed dust studies. This instrument and the technique of sam pling and enumeration have been shown to be of practical value as a method for the study of the industrial dust problem, and for this reason the committee recommends the impinger pro cedure for use in basic studies of the dust problem, especially in those studies which embrace medical, engineering, and statistical phases of the problem. Other devices also are available for the sam pling of dust over a continuous period. These are the electrical precipitator, the paper thimble, the electrostatic precipi tator and the hot-wire thermal precipi tator. One of the problem s confronting the engineer is a rapid method of evaluating the effectiveness of any measures or de vices which may have been installed for the control of dust in industrv. It is quite obvious that for control purposes dust determinations are unnecessary when visible clouds of dust are present. However, when dealing with lower con centrations, it is valuable to have data both before and after the installation of suppressive measures. Furthermore, the intelligent engineer will desire to have daily or weekly records of dust concen tration in various parts of a plant. For such purposes, some simple device re quiring but little skill in sam pling and evaluation is highly desirable. At the present time there are several instru ments which may be used for this pur pose, but none is ideal. Development of more satisfactory and convenient routine dust determ inators is needed. The Konimeter The konimeter, which samples dust by impinging air at a high velocity against a sticky glass plate, has been employed for many years in South Africa, where it was first developed, as well as in this country. The type of konimeter most fre quently used in this country is the one employing a circular glass plate which is revolved to produce a ring of dust spots near the periphery. The konimeter has been found to be highly efficient, and may be employed for concentrations not ex ceeding 35 m illion particles per cubic foot of air. It calls for very little skill in sampling, is light, sim ple and quick to handle, needs no power foi operation, and requires only a microscope for enu meration. The disadvantages of this in strum ent are that the dust can not be weighed or analyzed chemically, the de vice obtains only a grab sample, and is limited to dust concentrations of 35 mil lion particles per cubic foot or less. This limit, however, is usually sufficient in de term ining whether or not a hazard exists. T his device has undergone several modifications. One type is equipped with a microscope that perm its counting of sam ples without recourse to laboratory procedure. The Owens jet dust countet is another device that collects a grab sample. This instrument works on the principle that when air containing dust passes through a narrow orifice facing a glass surface a short distance away from the jet. the dust will adhere to the glass. In this instru ment this result is achieved by causing a very fine, ribbon-shaped jet of air to strike a microscope cover glass situated about 1 millim eter from a slot-shaped opening forming the jet. The air. before entering the slot, is passed through a dam ping cham ber, and the velocity in the jet is such that a fall of pressure results, in this way bringing about a condensa tion of moisture. The a ir is then deflected and the dust, being unable to turn the corner, strikes the cover glass: the velocity of the air drops, the pressure and tem perature rise, causing the water to be evaporated and to leave the dust behind. T his device has undergone two modifications, each of which tends to make it m ore useful in control dust studies. A second form of this device is now being m anufactured in this country. The latter type has as yet not been tested in actual practice. Another instrument which may be employed for routine con trol work is the photographic dust coun ter, developed by Ficklen and Ott. Improved Equipment Needed There is a definite need for improve ment in dust-determination apparatus that will allow the engineer at the plant to obtain an indication of the dust con centration in the air without the neces sity of extensive training in the utiliza tion of elaborate instruments or tedious laboratory procedures. Some of the methods cited herein for use in routine Page 216 August, 1939 -- C O N C R E T E -- C em ent Mill Section Devices for Quick Sampling of Industrial Dusts AQUANTITATIVE basis upon which plant engineers mav approach the dust problem , not only from the view point of exact studies of the concentra tion and character of industrial dusts, but also from the standpoint of deter mining dust concentration quickly and in routine fashion, is presented in the re port to the N ational Silicosis Conference by the Committe on Engineering Control, of which ^ arren A Cook1 is chairman. The report was prepared b\ the subcom mittee on the determination of concen tration and character of industrial dusts, headed by J. J. Bloomfield. Sampling of Dusts The range in dust concentrations en countered in industries is ver\ great, de pending on the industrial processes, the derices installed for mititrating the dust created, and the efficiency with which such devices function. For these reasons an ideal instrument should be one cap able of sam pling with equal efficiency in both high and low dust concentrations. This requires a dust-collecting medium which will not add dust, to anv great de gree, to the dust in the sam pled air. Fur thermore, the collecting medium must he uniform in dust content, so that one or two control tests on this medium will be sufficient for a series of samples. Since the dust content of industrial air is ever varying, it is essential that the dust-sampling instrument be capable of collecting a ir for any desired length of time, in order to obtain a representative picture of existing conditions. And finally, the ideal instrum ent will be one that requires only a simple and fairly rapid method of analysis. At present there are no instruments which may be said to be ideal. However, several deuces which have been used for many years approach the above require ments. The Impinger The impinger apparatus and the meth ods of sampling and enumeration of dust 1 Connecticut State Department of Health, Hartford. Connecticut. as adopted by the Public Health Service, the American Public Health Association, and others, have been employed for more than 13 years as a standard instrument and procedure for detailed dust studies. This instrument and the technique of sam pling and enumeration have been shown to be of practical value as a method for the study of the industrial dust problem, and for this reason the committee recommends the impinger pro cedure for use in basic studies of the dust problem, especially in those studies which embrace medical, engineering, and statistical phases of the problem. Other devices also are available for the sam pling of dust over a continuous period. These are the electrical precipitator, the paper thimble, the electrostatic precipi tator and the hot-wire thermal precipi tator. One of the problem s confronting the engineer is a rapid method of evaluating the effectiveness of any measures or de vices which may have been installed for the control of dust in industrv. It is quite obvious that for control purposes dust determinations are unnecessary when visible clouds of dust are present. However. when dealing with lower con centrations, it is valuable to have data both before and afteT the installation of suppressive measures. Furthermore, the intelligent engineer will desire to have daily or weekly records of dust concen tration in various parts of a plant. For such purposes, some simple device re quiring hut little skill in sampling and evaluation is highly desirable. At the present time there are several instru ments which may be used for this pur pose, but none is ideal. Development of more satisfactory and convenient routine dust determ inators is needed. The Konimeter The konimeter, which samples dust byimpinging air at a high velocity against a sticky glass plate, has been employed for many years in South Africa, where it was first developed, as well as in this country. The type of konimeter most fre quently used in this country is the one employing a circular glass plate which is revolved to produce a ring of dust spots near the periphery. The konimeter has been found to be highly efficient, and may be employed for concentrations not ex ceeding 35 m illion particles per cubic foot of air. It calls for very little skill in sampling, is light, sim ple and quick to handle, needs no power for operation, and requires only a microscope for enu meration. The disadvantages of this in strum ent are that the dust can not be weighed or analyzed chemically, the de vice obtains only a grab sample, and is limited to dust concentrations of 35 mil lion particles per cubic foot or less. This limit, however, is usually sufficient in de term ining whether or not a hazard exists. This device has undergone several modifications. One type is equipped with a microscope that perm its counting of sam ples without recourse to laboratory procedure. The Owens jet dust counter is another device that collects a grab sample. This instrument works on the principle that when air containing dust passes through a narrow orifice facing a glass surface a short distance away from the jet. the dust will adhere to the glass. In this instru ment this result is achieved by causing a verv fine, ribbon-shaped jet of air to strike a microscope cover glass situated about 1 millim eter from a slot-shaped opening forming the jet. The air. before entering the slot, is passed through a dam ping cham ber, and the velocity in the jet is such that a fall of pressure results, in this way bringing about a condensa tion of moisture. The air is then deflected and the dust, being unable to turn the corner, strikes the cover glass: the velocity of the air drops, the pressure and tem perature rise, causing the water to be evaporated and to leave the dust behind. T his device has undergone two modifications, each of which tend? to make it m ore useful in control dust studies. A second form of this device is now being m anufactured in this country. The latter type has as yet not been tested in actual practice. Another instrument which may be employed for routine con trol work is the photographic dust coun ter, developed by Ficklen and Ott. Improved Equipment Needed There is a definite need for improve ment in dust-determination apparatus that will allow the engineer at the plant to obtain an indication of the dust con centration in the air without the neces sity of extensive train in g in the utiliza tion of elaborate instruments or tedious laboratory procedures. Some of the methods cited herein for use in routine Page 216 August, 1939 -- C O N C R E T E -- C em ent Mill Section CEMENT M ILn control studies, or modification of them, can he used for rapid and facile deter mination of industrial dust, but each has serious limitations. It is hoped, however, that new devices or methods may be de veloped which will come nearer to ap proaching this need than those now avail able. It is the desire of this committee to point out that the purpose of dust sam pling and enumeration with these sim pler devices, as well as with the one rec ommended for detailed studies, is not to measure the absolute dust concentration but to obtain an index of the dustiness of the air associated with a process. In connection with the use of simple instruments and methods for the evalua tion of industrial dust in routine control studies, it is desirable, when possible, that some relationship be established be tween the method used and the standard and more exact procedures followed in detailed studies. This is especially desir able with reference to determinations of dust concentrations for the purpose of knowing whether or not dust conditions in a plant are within certain requirements of State codes. The tendency at present is to write definite limits of dustiness into some State codes. Hence, in deter mining dust concentration values that are to be related to code concentrations a method must be used that has a definite relation to the method employed in es tablishing the code value. any time because of accidents. Theirs is | Big Re-Dedication Service at Buffington fv' I by Universal Atlas an enviable record." Coal Analysis Directories Now Available FOR the first time in the history of the coal industry, it is now possible to obtain complete, authentic information MORE than 2,000 people, including employees, friends, and customers of Universal Atlas Cement Company, and local civic leaders, gathered at the com safety record in L933, and announced that the trophy re-dedication was the twenty-seventh of its kind to be held at the company's plants. In discussing the on the analyses of any size of coal, from every shipping mine. National Coal Publications. Pitts burgh. Pa., has obtained and compiled pany's Chicago plant at Buffington. In type of teamwork that exists at the Buf complete copies of all analvsis data, filed f: diana, on Fridav afternoon, June 30. to fington plant, he said, "`Here at Buffing with the National Bituminous Coal Com celebrate an outstanding safety achieve ton we have a happy family group. It is mission by the District Producers Board; ment of 1933. The occasion was the re- portrayed by the service record of em These figures cover practicallv every size dedication of the Portland Cement Asso ployees. There are in the audience today produced by every shipping mine within ciation safety trophy which the plant first a number of persons who have worked each district. They are, without doubt, won in 193-1. and again in 1938, for com with the corporation for a quarter of a the most exhaustive and the most truly pleting a calendar year without a lost representative of the quality of coal as time accident. shipped, that have ever been compiled Speakers who praised the employees for the teamwork and co-operation nec essary to establish the record were Pro fessor Frank C. Hockema, assistant to the president, Purdue University; Frank T. Sheets, president. Portland Cement Asso ciation; Blaine 5. Smith, president of the or made available to users of coal. These figures are being published in separate books for each district. Clear, easily read type is being used, and all books are well bound for permanent use. The books are of a small Kandy size, measuring approximately 5 l -j by 7l ^ in. company, and .1. H. Kempster, general superintendent of the plant. Professor Lehigh Bids Low on Cement L Hockema appeared as a substitute for Dr. Two Universal Atlas employees have service lor Grand Coulee E. C. Elliott, president of Purdue Uni record of 34 years without a lost-time accident EHIGH Portland Cement Company's versity, who was unable to arrive in time bid 31.54 f.o.b. mill at Metaline to deliver his address. Dr. Elliott arrived century or more, and who have now re Falls was low for approximately 550,000 at Buffington later in the day to view the tired on pensions. A great many of you bbl. of cement for Grand Coulee dam, tv- trophy and to meet officials and guests of who are active employees have had 15 to says the Spokane (Wash. I Review. This the company who appeared on the pro 20 years of service. The average for all call for bids covers a portion of the re gram. Other speakers on the program employees at Buffington plant is more maining quantity of 3,662.000 bbl. re were J. P. Lewis, assistant general super than 10 years, and those with the rank quired to finish the dam. tendent of the plant, who, on behalf of of foreman and above have an average Spokane Portland bid Sl.70 for fur the employees, responded to the presenta service record of more than 22 years." nishing 534,000 barrels at its Irvin plant. tion of the trophy, and E. E. Moore, gen Mr. Smith paid special tribute to the Five Washington, four California, two eral superintendent, Gary works, Car- outstanding safety records of two Buffing Oregon and one Montana company par ncgie-tliinois Steel Corporation, who ton plant employees. "We have two men ticipated in the bidding, delivery re introduced Professor Hockema. here at Buffington," he said, " who have quirements of the procurement division In his address, Mr. Smith praised em spent more than 34 years in this plant-- at Washington, D. C., being 1,897,000 ployees for the teamwork and co-opera John Kluga and John Skuta--and during barrels for the remainder of 1939, and tion which had made possible the perfect this long service they have never lost 1,765.000 for 1940. C O N C R E T E -- Cement Mill Section -- August, 1939 Page 217 32 CONCRETE August, 1939 MOST AMAZING 1939 BLOCK MACHINE gmimtmintttmiiiiiimiiuimiiitumHimfmmumnmautuuuiiuitaamuffHiuimtaiHUiuuummuuiiuuuuniummim^ | Advertisers' Index | T he FOOTE HAMMERED STRIPPER Original in Design -- Outstanding in Perform ance -- Com pact -- High Capacity -- Low First Cost -- Quality, Low-Cost Production. W rite today for descriptive bulletin THE J. B. FOOTE FOUNDRY CO. Fredericktown, Ohio PROFESSIONAL SERVICE E. L. CONWELL & CO. Established 1894 ENGINEERS - CHEMISTS - INSPECTORS Cement, Chemical and Physical Laboratories Tests of Cement, Concrete, Sand, Steel, Cem ent Slock, Cement Brick Chemical Analyses of All Commercial Products Complete Technical Supervision of Central Mixed Concrete Wants 2024 ARCH STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. Employ the services of a consulting engineer-- it is real economy. We will be glad to assist our readers seeking the services of a good consult ing engineer or testing laboratory. Anchor Concrete Mchy. Co. , -........................... ... . 2 Anchor Div. of Consolidated Concrete Mcln Corp . . . 15 Associated Business Papers Inc. . . Back O v e r Batavia Clamp C o ................... Besser Manufacturing Co. . . . Black & Decker Mfg Cc.. . . Blystone Mfg Co . Books..................... ....................... 21 .................................... 15 ..................... 2 .......................... lfi Inside Back Cover Calbar Paint & Varnish Co.. .. ...................................... 20 Chain Belt Co.................................................. ... ..18 C H. & E. Mfg Co.. Inc... ................................................... 20 Classified Liners . . . . ..31 Colorerete Industries . . . . . . 20 Commercial Shearing & Stamping: Co . . . ... 25 Concrete Equipment C o ............... 20 Consolidated Concrete M achines Corp....................... 15 Conwell C o . E. L . .. ............... .. 32 Douglas Fir P h u o o d As>n. . Foote Foundr> Co I P * . ... Hansen Co.. L... Ideal Div of Consolidated Concrete Machmerv Corp Jaeger Machine Compam .. . K irk& Blum Mfg Co Kochring Co .. 17 .33 31 . 15 19-23 _ 20 lo BASIC PRINCIPLES of Concrete Making By FRANKLIN R. McMILLAN D irector of R e m rc b , P ortland Cem ent A uocU tloa 'P H E author has culled the essentials out of a mass of scientific data on this subject and presents them with force and directness in this book. He shows the effects of quality of material, of proportioning, mixing, working and curing on the finished concrete. The importance of variable mixes; tests for permeabil ity; how to obtain strength, durability and watertightness; effective ratios; importance of proper construction methods--these and many other vital topics are dis cussed fully and authoritatively. The book represents not only extensive accumulated knowledge, but also wide practical experience in the field and laboratory. It is an enlargement and revision of a series of notable articles on concrete mixing by Mr. McMillan published in 1929. Ninety-nine pages, 6x9'/i, 32 illustrations and tables. Price $2.00 Postpaid Living-Stone Co. . ... ... 31 L & M Mfg. Compam . .. 31 Lone Star Cement Corp . 11 Mall Tool Co..................... . K> Marquette Cement Mfg Co. ... .. .... 22 Mepham Corp.. Geo. S ......................................... .21 Miles Mfg Co................................................................................ 2 Multiplex Concrete Mein Co. IQ National Chemical & Mfg. Co. . .... .................. ; Neider Co Inc., The F. A................................................ Neptune Mfg. Co.................... .................... ' New Holland Machine C o ............................................ j Noble, Thos. W ............................................................. 19 20 . . . 20 .2 1 21 ! Olsen. Eugene F .................................................................................. 15 Portland Cement Assn .................................................................... 2 Professional S ervice................... ...................... . .. 32 Ryerson, Jos. T., & Sou ................................................... 21 Sargent. Lester L......... .31 Sasgen Derrick Co. 21 Sm ith Co.. T. L .. . _. 24 S p e c ia ltie s .......................... .... .... . 31 Steam s Mfg. Co. .... 15 Tamms Silica Co . 2} CONCRETE PUBLISHING COMPANY Union Steel Products Co. .. Universal Div of Consolidated Concrete McVu Corp 23 15 Boah D epartm ent 400 West Madison Street Chicago, Illinois Williams. C K.. Co. 21 L ou ran buy 7vith confidence from C O X C R I I T C ach-crti<n v