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'<7 Monsanto Chemicals MONSANTO iRADZ LITERATURE permanent file AROCLORS 241 As Used in Chlorinated Rubber Monsanto Technical Bulletin No. P-124 January 1, 1948 Monsanto Chemical Company, St. Louis 4, Mo. AROCLORS As Used in Chlorinated Rubber AROCLORS, chlorinated biphenyl and chlorinated poly-phenyls, are effective plasti cizers and resins for chlorinated rubber base lacquers, varnishes and paints. These protective coatings are used where flame resistance, corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, i.e., resistance to adds, alkalies and water, and good electrical insulating properties are required. Some of the important applications for these protective and decorative coatings for wood, metal, brick, stone, concrete and fabric surfaces include: x. Wood and metal used in the construction of yachts, barges and other marine craft. 2. Structure! steel for bridges, buildings, roofs and power-line structures. 3. Structural materials used at chemical plants, pulp and paper mills, textile mills, petroleum refineries and gas works where protection against add fumes, alkalies and gas is essential. 4. For the protection of tank cars and other rolling stock and construction machinery against corrosive materials and weathering. 5. To protect equipment used in electroplating and as stop-off lacquers in this industry. 6. Masonry floors and walls. Concrete swimming pools and traffic paints. 7. As cable coatings requiring nonflammability, chemical resistance, water resistance and excellent dectrical properties. 8. Coatings for doth to impart "waterproofing" qualities as well as chemical and flame resistance. *AROCU>a-Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. ' The information contained In thli bulletin Is, to our best knowledge. trvo end accurate, but oil recommendations or suggeitleni ere'inads yrltheut guarantee, t!no tho condition, of me or* boyend our control, The Monsanto Chondcol Company disclaims ony lioblllfy Inwrrcf In connection with tho mo of thooo dot* or coftoctioM. furthermore, nothing contolnod horoln chotl bo conctrvod m recommendation to oco any product In oohMat wtth oxlctlng patents covorlng ony materiel or Itt oco. 5 oz in >z n x z o TOWOLDMONOQ31774 - .0 MIXED SOLVENTS 70:30 97:3 83:17 41:7:35 :17 30:70 18 :59: ,3 64:36 30:30:40 40:60 30:70 70:30 85:15 Acetone; hexane Acetone: mineral spirits Benzene: isopentane Celtosolve : ethanol (anhydrous): ethyl acetate: xylene Cellosolve : turpentine Cellosolve : turpentine : mineral spirits Ethyl acetate: isopentane Ethyl acetate: isopropyl acetate: Troluoil Methyl isobutyl ketone: Troluoil Hi-Flash solvent naphtha : turpentine Methyl acetate: isopentane Shell TS-28: xylene IV. AROCLOR AND CHLORINATED RUBBER, PLASTICS FILMS The resinous Aroclors 1262 and 5460 show good miscibility with chlorinated rubber films as laid down from toluene solution containing 20 per cent of the plastics, using 2:1 and 1:1, Parlon : resin, ratios. Similarly, the plasticizer type Aroclor 1242,1254 and 1260 show good miscibility in chlori nated rubber. The properties of films derived from the following formulations containing either Parlon and resinous Aroclors 1262 or 5460, or Parlon and the plasticizer type Aroclors 1242,1254 or 1260 were studied. RESINOUS TYPE AROCLOR FOR PARLON PLASTICS Ingredients Parts by weight Parlon, 20-cp......................................... l6 16 12 Aroclor 5460......................................... . . . . 8 8 8 12 Dibutyl phthalate................................. 4 Tung oil, Thermolyzed, 976 .... 5 Xylene or butyl acetate..................... 72 71 76 12 12 3 73 12 12 3-75 72.15 PLASTICIZER TYPE AROCLORS FOR PARLON PLASTICS Ingredients Parts by weight Parlon, 20-cp.............................................................20 Aroclor 1254 or 1260..............................................4 Xylene.................................................................... 76 20 20 7 20 73 70 Examination of the films cast from these lacquers revealed the following characteristics imparted by the Aroclors: Adhesion: -- Unplasticized chlorinated rubber films have very poor adhesive qualities. The lacquer film containing Aroclor 5460 gave good adhesion to aluminum, bare steel, primed steel, galvanized iron and Transite surfaces, Other commercially available resins, particularly oil modified alkyd resins, tested in similar films gave better adhesion than Aroclor 5460 to such surfaces as glass, tin, copper, sealed wood and cellophane. The lacquer films plasticized with Aroclors 1244 or 1260 gave good adhesion to Transite, cello phane, galvanized iron and primed steel surfaces. Some of the other commercially available plasticizers tested in similar films gave better adhesion than the Aroclors to aluminum, tin, bare steel, copper and sealed wood surfaces. Aroclors, alone, possess pronounced adhesive qualities. Doubtless, where the objective is to produce adhesives, by varying the Aroclor content or by using a mixture of Aroclors in the chlorinated rubber lacquers, much better adhesion to all of the surfaces would be accomplished than was the case with the type of plastics films studied. Resistance to Aqueous Solutions>-- Aroclors 1254 or 1260 used as plasticizers and Aroclor 5460 used as a resin in chlorinated rubber produced plastics films possessing satisfactory resistance to 10 per cent hydrochloric add, 5 per cent sodium hydroxide, 5 per cent sodium chloride solutions and to water spot tests. --5 -- TOWOLDMONOQ31775 o Film Hardness:-- Using Aroclor 5460 in ratios of 5 :10 and 10: 10, Aroclor: Parion, decidedly softer films were produced than when other commercial resins were similarly used. Likewise, Aroclors 1254 or 1260 used in ratios of 2: xo and 5 :10, Arodor: Parion, gave softer films than obtained from other commerdal plastidzers, used at these concentrations. This indicates the strong plasticizing action of these Aroclors on chlorinated rubber. Cold-Check Resistance:--Regarding cold-check resistant qualities imparted to chlorinated rubber films, Aroclor 5460 is somewhat superior to Bakelite type resins, but not as good as long-oil modified alkyds. Aroclor 1260 used as a plastidzer rates, in terms of cold-check resist ance, somewhat better than Aroclor 1254 and nearly as good as the best of the other plastidzers studied for this property. Miscellaneous Properties:--Parion plastics films containing Aroclors 5460, 1254 or 1260 have entirely satisfactory sanding and polishing characteristics. Weatherability:--Pigmented chlorinated rubber finishes containing Aroclors have consistently shown good outdoor weatherability. However, similar unpigmented finishes, regardless of the plasticizer or resin used and also in the absence of these additives, have been found to give poor outdoor weathering. Relatively poor resistance to ultraviolet light is a weakness of chlori nated rubber. Most pigments, with the exception of ultra-marine blue are usable with Parion finishes and are recommended when the coating is to be subjected to outdoor weathering or exposed to ultra violet light. However, there is considerable variation regarding the protection offered by different pigments. Inspection of Parion-fortified alkyd enamels showed the weatherability varied from 63 months for the enamel pigmented with chrome green to 4 months for enamel pigmented with a titanium dioxide-iron blue combination. V. USES FOR AROCLORS IN CHLORINATED RUBBER COATINGS A. Finishes for Alkaline Surfaces: Aroclors, as well as chlorinated rubber, are highly resistant against alkalies and moisture. Because of these properties paints based on Aroclor and chlorinated rubber combinations are used in large quantity for application to concrete Boors, walls, swimming pools, etc Examples of this type of paint are given in Table IV. TABLE IV. AROCLOR PLASTICIZER IN CHLORINATED RUBBER PAINTS FOR ALKALINE SURFACES (Examples of starting formulas) Materials Formula 1 for basement floors Formula 2 to meet Fed. Spec. TT-P-91 (Parts by weight) Formula 3 for swimming pools Parion, 20-cp. type..................................... 18 18 14.6 Aroclor 1254............................................. . 10 10 4.4 Rezyl 869.................................................... 8 Aroclor 5460 or Cumar Pio ...... 6 Beckosol 31................................................. 2.9 Tung oil, Thermolyzed, 976..................... 4.4 Titanium dioxide......................................... 16 16 19.7 Zinc oxide..................................................... 2 2 6.5 Silica flour..................................................... 3 Carbon black................................................. 0.2 Xylene................................ ... ........................ 42-8 Hi-Flash naphtha......................................... ______ 0.5 47-5 47-5 Totals............................................. 100 100 100 B. Acids and Alkali-Resistant Finishes: Particular care must be exercised in the choice of resins and plasticizers for use in chemical resistant paints. For this purpose, Aroclors are outstanding and are being used successfully in the acid and alkali-resistant chlorinated rubber formulations given in Table V. TOWOLDMONOQ31776 TABLE VII. RESINS AND PLASTICIZERS MISCIBLE IN PARLON RESINS Ambcrol 801, 806P, ST-137, F7 Aroclor 1262, 5460 Aroplaz 920, 930, 935, 940 Bakclitc XR-3180, XR-4503, XR-4006, BR-2963, XJ-9868, BR-1329, BR-3360 Bcckacitc 1112 Bcckaminc P-138, P-254 Supcr-Beckamine 3501 Beckopol 1400 Bcckosol 1 (solid), 18, 31, 34, 40,1329 Beetle Resin 227-8 Clorafin 70 Copal Cumar Pio Dammar Duraplex C-45-LV, 0-48, C-49,O50-LV, C-51, C-62, D-6i, D-62, E-7i, E-71-A, E-73 East India gum Ester gum Ethyl Methacrylate Esterol 750 Formvar , Gclva 2.5 Glyptal 1247, 2450, 2454, 2458, 2464,2466,2500 Lewisol 2L, 28, 33 Methyl Methacrylate Polymers Neville R-3, R-10 Pentalyn A, G, M, X Petrex 1,130H Phenac 633-M Rezyl 116, X315, 412, 775, 803, 807, 829, 869, 880,1x03 Rosin Santolitc MHP Staybclitc Ester 1, 2,10 Staybclitc resin Supcr-Beckacite xoox Syntex Hi, H3, H12,17,213, 22,28,29,32,36 Teglac 15, Z-152 Velsicol AJ)6-3 Vinsol Amylchloro naphthalene Amyl oleate Amyl stearate Aroclor 1242 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 Butyl myristatc Butyl stearate Camphor Castor oil, raw Castor oil, dehydrated Castor oil fatty acid esters Ccllosolvc phthalate Coconut fatty acid esters Diamyl naphthalene Diamyl phthalate Dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl sebacate Diethyl phthalate Dimethyl phthalate Fish oil Hercolyn Linseed oil PLASTICIZERS Methyl ccllosolvc oleate Monoamyl naphthalene Naftolen ' Neville heavy oil No. 2 Ncvillite oil Oiticica oil Palm fatty add esters Perilla oil Polyamyl naphthalene Resinous Products 0*24 Santicizer B-16 Santitizcr M-17 Sextol phthalate Sextol stearate Soya bean fatty add esters Soya bean oil Thermoil A Tributyl phosphate Tricresyl phosphate Triethyl dtrate Triphenyl phosphate Tung oil, Thermolyzed, 976 The strong points and limitations of the resins and plasticizers given in Table VII relative to the properties they impart to chlorinated rubber arc known. None give the important over-all desired qualities attained by the use of Aroclors. If occasion arises to consider the use of these materials in specific applications for chlorinated rubber, then more detailed information about them will be given. --9-- 0414259 TOWOLDMONOQ31777 The Aroclor compounds impart the following advantages to the films cast from these lacquers: Adhesion Unplasticized chlorinated-rubber films have very poor adhesion. The lacquer film containing Aroclor 5460 adheres well to aluminum, bare steel, primed steel, galvanized iron, and Transite surfaces. The lacquer films plasticized with Aroclor 1254 or 1260 give good adhesion to Trans^ ite, cellophane, galvanized iron, and primed-steel surfaces. Though compounds with an Aroclor alone possess pronounced adhe sion qualities, better adhesion to all of the surfaces results if mixtures of Aroclor or varied contents are used. Resistance to Aqueous Solutions Chlorinated-rubber films with Aroclor 1254 or 1260 (plasticizers) and Aroclor 5460 (resin) show satisfactory resistance to solutions of 10-per cent hydrochloric acid, 6-per cent sodium hydroxide, 5-per cent sodium chloride, and water-spot tests. P Film Hardness i | Softer films are produced with Aroclor 5460 in ratios of 5:10 and 10:10 (Aroclor and Parlon) than with other commercial resins in similar mixtures. Likewise, softer films result from Aroclor 1254 or 1260 in ratios of 2:10 and 5:10 (Aroclor and Parlon) than with other com mercial plasticizers at these concentrations. These tests show that Aroclor compounds have strong plasticizing action on chlorinated j rubber. - ^Cold-Chock Resistance Aroclor 5460 is superior to phenol-formaldehyde resins in cold-check resistance imparted to chlorinated-rubber films, but not as good as long-oil-alkyd modification. Aroclor 1260 is a somewhat better plasti cizer than Aroclor 1254. Weather Resistance Pigmented chlorinated-rubber finishes containing Aroclor have con sistently withstood outdoor weather tests, but unpigmented finishes do not weather well regardless of the resin or plasticizer used. Poor resistance to ultraviolet light is also a weakness of chlorinated rubber. Most pigments (except ultramarine blue) are usable with Parlon and are recommended if the coating is to be subjected to outdoor weather or ultraviolet light. However, pigment protection varies con siderably. Inspection of alkyd enamels fortified with Parlon showed weatherability varied from 63 months with chrome green to 4 months for titanium dioxide-iron blue combinations. Sanding and Polishing Properties Plastic films compounded with Parlon and Aroclor 5460, 1254, or 1260 have showed satisfactory sanding and polishing characteristics. 0*1*260 u TOWOLDMONOQ31778