Document jB2o5dnJOBg0kZXZkeqnyo7GR

r 9t \# bcc: Roufih J. P. Mleure W. W. Withers R. G. Potter W. C. Hammann March 1, 1376 Dr. James R. Allen, D.V.M, Dept, of Patholocy University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin 5*1306 Dear Dr. Allen: In response to your request for the analysis of chlorodibenzofurans In polychlorinated biphenyls this analysis is the method originally developed by Vos et al (Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 8, 625 (1970)). Y,re have attempted to use this and other methods to measure chlorodibenzofurans in PCB'3. Our experi ments have included repeated analyses of PCB's to which known amounts of chlorodibenzofurans have been added. Via have achieved Incomplete and vari able recoveries because of incomplete separation of the dibenzofurans from the PCB's, especially for di-, tri-, and tetrachlorodibenzofurans. Bowes et al (Nature 256, 305 (1975)) also observed incomplete separation of lower chlorodibenzofurans from PCB's. Until a more accurate and reproducible procedure Is available, we are unable to obtain reliable infor mation on the chlorodibenzofuran content of PCB mixtures. Therefore, wo are returning the samples obtained from you without testing the same since it is our opinion any results would be inconclusive. Sincerely, J, Coleman Weber Manager, Product Acceptability Specialty Chemicals Division bb NEV 036241 NEV 036242 PCB PRODUCTION 1930 -- 1975 , (MILLIONS OF POUNDS) U.S. PRODUCTION (1400} : U.S. SALES (1253); L CURRENTLY 1 IN I BSERVICE I (758) DESTROYED 1 " (55) I J I LANDFILLS I I DUMPS I (290) I 1 SOIL WATER AIR SEDIMENT (150) \ \ 7 USES OF PCB 4 i J \* ,v *--'9 CURRENT ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMER (LARGE) ELECTRICAL CAPACITOR (LARGE & SMALL) RECYCLED PAPER (CONTAMINANT) INVESTMENT CASTING (IMPORT) DISCONTINUED HEAT TRANSFER FLUID HYDRAULIC FLUID LUBRICANT & CUTTING OIL PLASTICIZER ADHESIVE | WAX EXTENDER PESTICIDE EXTENDER INK SEALANT & CAULKING COMPOUND PAPER COATING NEV 0362^3 3 I l % w >> l Ik .-% PCB SALES NEV 036244 .i1 v. V: ! PCB--CHEMISTRY POL YCHL ORINA TED BIPHEN YL 32 2' 3' II C= C II C~ C / \/ \ / /c c -- c c \\ W // c-- c c-- c II 56 II 6' 5' CHLORINATION FROM O(C12H 10) ---- M 0 (C l2CI10) TOXICITY - VARIES BY NUMBER & POSITION OF CHLORINES PERSISTENCE -- 4 CHLORINES & UP DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS DIBENZOFURAN HYDROXYLATED CHLORINATED BIPHENYL DESIRED PROPERTIES -- DIELECTRIC CONSTANT NON-FLAMMABILITY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY NEV 03 6 2 4 5 COMPOUNDS CHLORINATED NAPHTHALENES CHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS . i.'? - i TM CHLORINATED DIBENZO-p-DIOXINS CHLORINATED PHENOLS CHLORINATED BENZENES DDT DDD DDE ci Cl - C - Cl I - Cl? H i Cl c Cl - C - Cl I H H Cl Cl NEV 036246 /c % Cl Cl SIGNIFICANT EVENTS-P C B 1930 BEGAN PRODUCTION 1936 -- FIRST OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SYMPTOMS 1966 -- FOUND IN ENVIRONMENT (SWEDISH DDT WORK) 1968 -- JAPANESE RICE OIL CONTAMINATION 1970 -- USDA BANS IN PESTICIDES 1971 -- FEDERAL TASK FORCE & CONFERENCE -- MONSANTO RESTRICTS SALES 1972 -- MICH. & WISC. WARNING ON LAKE MICHIGAN FISH -- GSA BANS USE IN PAPER -- ANSI PUBLISHES HANDLING & DISPOSAL PROCEDURE -- USDI BANS USE IN OFFSHORE OIL DRILLING 1973 -- FDA TEMPORARY TOLERANCES & RESTRICTIONS -- OECD DECISION TO SUPPORT CONTROL 1975 -- 2nd NATIONAL CONFERENCE -- FISH BAN IN MINN. -- EPA ADMINISTRATOR CALLS FOR ELIMINATION FROM COMMERCE -- EPA PROPOSES SPILL REGULATIONS 1976 -- FISH BANS IN S.C., N.Y., GA., IND. -- NY WARNING ON LAKE ONTARIO FISH -- MICH., IND., WISC. PASS RESTRICTION LAWS -- EPA PROPOSESTOXIC EFFLUENT STANDARD (WATER) -- EPA PUBLISHES DISPOSAL GUIDANCE -- PROPOSED TSCA BANS FROM COMMERCE IN 2% YEARS 036'*7 NEV 0362^8 PCB AMBIENT AIR LEVELS 24 HOUR SAMPLES MIAMI, FLA. JACKSONVILLE, FLA. FORT COLLINS, COL. AVERAGE FOR EACH = 100 nanogms/cm \ \ o ,, PCB A M B IEN T WATER LEVELS 1971-1974 -- 4472 WATER SAMPLES 130: RANGE -- .1-- *4.0 ppb DETECTION LIMIT -- .1-- *1 . ppb -- 1544 SEDIMENT SAMPLES 1157: RANGE -- .1-- 13,000 ppb DETECTION LIMIT -- .1-- *1. ppb 1973 -- 106 INTERSTATE WATER CARRIERS WINNEBAGO, ILL. -- 3 ppb SELLERBURG, IND. -- .1 ppb 1975 -- INDUSTRY REPORT ESCONDIDO, CAL. -- .4 ppb BRIDGEPORT, CONN. -- 1. ppb NEW BEDFORD, MASS. -- 2.5 ppb 1976 -- 113 WATER SUPPLY SAMPLES 1 PRELIMINARY -- 1 ppb NEV 0362^9 NEV 0 3 6 2 5 0 PCB SOIL LEVELS AGRICULTURAL 1972 1,556 SAMPLES 2 DETECTED URBAN 1971-1974 t i OF 19 M ETROPOLITAN AREAS 1,434 SAMPLES ' RANGE -- .001-- > 3 .3 3 ppm AVERAGE -- .02 ppm PCB SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS 1973 -- MICHIGAN -- 58 PLANTS SLUDGE AVG. 15.6 ppm HIGH 352 ppm EFFLUENTS AVG. 0.52 ppb HIGH 32 ppb 1972-73 ONTARIO, CANADA GUELPH SLUDGE -- 5.5 ppm SOIL -- 15-47 ppb (1 APPLICATION) CORN -- 5-95 ppb 1976 BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA -- 200 ppm NEW BEDFORD, MASS. -- 40 ppm WASHINGTON, D.C. -- 4 ppm PCB--M UNICIPAL LANDFILLS (1976) CM m(M O m o uj 2 STATE W A S H IN G TO N NEBRASKA NEW YORK ARKANSAS TYPE PPT GENERAL 15 -- LEACHATE GENERAL GENERAL GENERAL SLUDGE & MANURE GENERAL & SLUDGE GENERAL & SLUDE 41 -- LEACHATE WELLS 8 -- SURFACE(CREEK) 11 -- GROUND WATER 115 -- LEACHATE 640 -- LEACHATE 7 -- GROUNDWATER SLUDGE SLUDGE SLUDGE 15 - LEACHATE 17 -- SURFACE 8 -- GROUNDWATER PCB-F1SH LEVELS LAKE MICHIGAN 036255 uj z  .A PC B --BIRDS STARLING MONITORING PROGRAM NATIONWIDE 1970 -- 0.65 ppm 1972 -- 0.43 ppm 1974 -- 0.12 ppm MALLARD AND BLACK DUCK MONITORING PROGRAM ATLANTIC FLYWAY BLACK DUCK -- 1969 & 1972 -- 1.36 ppm MALLARD -- 1969 & 1972 -- 1.29 ppm MISSISSIPPI FLYWAY MALLARD -- 1969 -- 0.44 ppm MALLARD -- 1972 -- 0.66 ppm CENTRAL & PACIFIC FLYWAYS MALLARD -- 1969 -- 0.2 ppm MALLARD -- 1972 -- 0.1 ppm \ NEV 0 3 6 2 5 4 NEV 0 3 6 2 5 5 LEVELS IN MAN RECENT ANALYSIS -- 1971-74 A D IP O S E LEVELS -- 6500 SAMPLES -- 77% WITH PCB ------ 26% -- <1 PPM ------ 44% -- 1-2 PPM ------ 7% -- >2 PPM OTHER FIN DING S: ------ SEX DIFFERENCE -- NONE ------ AGE DIFFERENCE -- INCREASE W AGE ------ RACE DIFFERENCE * - NONWHITES HIGHER \ \ 036256 MOTHERS' MILK SAMPLE PLAN COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY Hi z <5> . 9"^ PCB IN MOTHERS' MILK COLORADO STATE UIVtVERS/TY DATA 9/76 STATE VIRGINIA NORTH CAROLINA FLORIDA TENNESSEE SOUTH CAROLINA NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA GEORGIA MARYLAND MICHIGAN INDIANA TOTAL NO. SAMPLES 18 7 7 4 4 4 2 1 1 31 1 80 RANGE (PPM) 0- 3.90 1.24- 4.44 .22- 4.13 .70- 2.38 .25- 4.01 .43- 2.88 1.08- 1.50 .53 2.52 .41-10.60 1.92 0-10,5^9 MEAN (PPM) . 1.42 2.64 1.79 1.75 1.96 1.72 1.29 -- -- 1.88 -- 1.80 NEV 0 3 6 2 5 7 DDE IN MOTHERS' M ILK COLORADO STA TE UNIVERSITY DA TA 8/76 STATE VIRGINIA NORTH CAROLINA FLORIDA TENNESSEE SOUTH CAROLINA NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA GEORGIA MARYLAND MICHIGAN INDIANA TOTAL NO. SAMPLES 18 7 7 4 4 4 2 1 1 31 1 80 RANGE (PPM) .38-5.15 .89-4.32 1.61-6.43 2.04-2.64 1.30-3.42 1.71-2.65 4.25-5.60 2.75 1.79 .31-5.81 3.20 .31-&43 MEAN (PPM) 2.43 2.72 2.96 2.33 2.40 2.01 4.92 -- -- 1.82 -- 2.31 <ifc0N4 S0 O .1 PCB IN M O TH ERS' MILK PREVIOUS DA JA 10CQ CALIFORNIA 1970 SWEDEN 1971 GERMANY NEW GUINEA \ TEXAS / 1972 COLORADO WHOLE MILK WHOLE MILK FAT -- WHOLE ; MILK 60 ppb MEAN [2.4 ppm FAT] 16 ppb MEAN [.64 ppm FAT] 3.5 ppm MEAN NONE DETECTED .04--.10 ppm 1973-74 ARKANSAS & MISSISSIPPI WHOLE MILK TRACE AMOUNTS (<1 ppm) ONTARIO: 1969-70 1971-72 1973-74 1974 NEW BRUNSWICK NOVA SCOTIA 1975 JAPAN FAT FAT WHOLE MILK RANGE ppm .7-1.2 .2-3.0 .1-2.5 MEAN ppm 1.0 1.2 1.2 ppm 1.07-2.1 0-2.4 MEAN 1.5 1.8 ppm /ppm FAT .027 avg. [1.0] 0.1 max. [4.0] * 39 SAMPLES (8 POSITIVE) 57 SAMPLES 43 SAMPLES 34 SAMPLES 19 SAMPLES 6 SAMPLES 9 SAMPLES 281 SAMPLES (.033 ppm WHOLE TOLERANCE) NEV 036259