Document jB2NRy6a1QnEE8oed5Knxoa2N

TO: Vinylidene Chloride Panel Members FROM: Barbara 0. Francis RE: Illinois EPA Air Toxics Discussion Paper Enclosed for your information is the Illinois Air Toxics Discussion Paper that is currently being reviewed by the Illinois Chemical Industry Panel. A list of the toxicologists on the reviewing committee is also enclosed. The CIC committee is preparing comments to address the "scoring system", including the numerical scores for systemic effects and the ranking of organ effects. As soon as I receive the CIC draft proposal, I will forward it for your review. Vinylidene Choride is one of the chemicals being considered as part of "Option 1 and 2." Please review the attached paper and notify me as soon as possible whether the VDC panel should submit individual conmients. The deadline for submission to the Illinois EPA is October 6, 1989. As always, I can be reached at (202) 887-1314. Attachments 2501 M Street, NW, Washington. DC 20037 202-887-1100 Telex 89617 (CMA WSH) SL 064771 Legend for Selection Basis Entries For carcinogens, the entries include: - classification of carcinogenicity source) classifications are either known or probable human carcinogens sources include one or more of the following sources, NTP - National Toxicology Program IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer EPA - U.S. EPA Carcinogen Assessment Group ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists For non-carclnogenlc air toxicants, the entries Include: - acute lethality value (lethality score) - subacute value (subacute score) - systemic (toxic) effect [severity of effects score] 9 lowest toxic dose value [lowest toxic dose score] (integrated systemic toxicity score) Abbreviations mg/kg milligrams per kilogram mg/cu m * milligrams per cubic meter ppm * parts per million mg/kg-day milligrams per kilogram per day Cat * category ii SL 064773 Illinois Environmental Protection Agency P.o. Bo* 19276, spiin*fl#id, il 62794 9276 BASIS FOR SELECTION OF AIR TOXICS CANDIDATES CONTENTS Legend and Abbreviations ........................................................................... 11 Selection Basis for 79 Air Toxics Candidates .................................... I - 10 literature References for 33 Non-Carcinogenic Air Toxics Candidates ....................................................................... 11-13 Distribution of Toxicity Endpoints ................................................... 14 July 31, 1989 SL 064772 Option l2 3 4 XXX XX XX XX XX X XXX X XXX X XXX XXX XXX XXX X Cheoau , Boron trlfluoride 1,3-Butadiene n-Butyl alcohol Cadmium and compounds Caprolactam Carbon disulfide Carbon tetrachloride Chlordane Chlorinated dlbenzodloxlns Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score = 11.00 Acute: 1180 mg/cu m (2) Subacute: 3 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Pneumonitis [mild effect on Cat. 1 organ - 6] 0 1.5 ppm [0.98 mg/kg-day * 4] (6.00) b Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP) Air Toxicant, score 6.50 Acute: 790 mg/kg (1) Subacute: 150 mg/cu m (1) Systemic: Decreased hearing acuity [mild effect on Cat. I organ 6] 8 80 ppm [7.5 mg/kg-day *> 3] (4.50) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Air Toxicant, score 6.00 Acute: 300 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: 1 mg-dust/cu m (3) Systemic: none recognized (0.00) Air Toxicant, score 10.00 Acute: 25000 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: 30 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Significant vascular, nervous system, and biochemical changes [definite effects on Cat. I organs 7] 0 9 ppm [0.87 mg/kg-day 4] (7.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Probable Human Carcinogen (EPA) Listed by International Joint Coimlssion SL 064775 -2- Option 12 3 4 X XX X X XXXX XXXX XXXX X X XX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 789 Basis for Selection of Air Toxics Candidates Chemical Acrylamide Acrylic acid Acrylonitrile Alkylated lead com|H>unds Aniline Arsenic and compounds Asbestos Benzene Benzo(a)pyrene Biphenyl Selection Basis Probable Human Carcinogen (ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score * 7.00 Acute: 33.5 mg/kg (3) . Subacute: 30 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Lesions of nasal mucosa [mild effect on Cat. HI organ * 2] 0 5 ppm [0.19 mg/kg-day * 4] (2.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Listed by International Joint Commission Air Toxicant, score * 9.25 Acute: 250 mg/kg (2) Subacute: 10 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Methemoglobinemia [definite effect on Cat. I organ 7] 0 5 ppm [6.3 mg/kg-day * 3] (5.25) Known Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Known Hunan Carcinogen (NTP. IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Known Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Listed by International Joint Commission Air Toxicant, score * 10.75 Acute: 2400 mg/kg (1) Subacute: 1.5 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Central and peripheral nerve damage, liver damage leading to acute yellow atrophy [severe effect on Cat. I organ = 9] 9 5 mg/cu m [1.08 mg/kg-day * 3] (6.75) 06 -1- Option 1111 X XX X X XX Chemical DDT 4,4'-Diaminod1 phenyl ether Dibutyl phthalate XX X X XX X X XXX X X p-Dichlorobenzene Dleldrln D1(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Dimethyl sulfate Dimethylamine XXX XXX XX 1,4-Dloxane Eplchlorohydrln Ethyl acrylate SL 064777 Selection Basis Listed by International Joint Commission Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC) Air Toxicant, score = 8.00 * Acute: 8000 mg/kg (0) Subacute: 5 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Polyneuritis [mild effect on Cat. I oran * 6] 8 1.7 mg/cu m [0.11 mg/kg-day = 4] (6.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, EPA) Listed by International Joint Commission Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Probable Human Carcinogen (<ilP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score s 6.50 Acute: 8371 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: 18 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Liver damage [definite effect on Cat. I organ * 6] 97 ppm [12 mg/kg-day = 2] (3.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Air Toxicant, score s 6.00 Acute: 8925 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: 20 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Drowsiness and headache [mild effects of Cat. I organs 6] 0 50 ppm [27 mg/kg-day 2] (3.00) A- Option 1 23 4 X X XX XXX X X XX X X XX XX X deleted X X Chemical Chlorinated dibemofurans Chloroform Chromium and compounds Coal tar volatiles Cobalt and compounds p-CresIdlne Cumene hydroperoxide Cyclohexanone 2.4-D SL 064776 Selection Basis Listed by International Joint Commission Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Known Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Known Human Carcinogen (ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score - 9.00 Acute: no data (0) Subacute: 0.05 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Luna Injury [mild effects on Cat. I organ = 6] @ 0.1 ppm [0.0036 mg/kg-day = 4] (6.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC) Air Toxicant, score * 4.75 Acute: 1365 mg/cu m (2) Subacute: no data (1) Systemic: Pulmonary edema [definite effect on Cat. I organ * 7] 0 304 mg/kg [304 mg/kg-day * 1] (1.75) Air Toxicant, score =6.25 Acute: 32111 mg/cu m (0) Subacute: 100 mg/cu m (1) Systemic: Degenerative liver and kidney changes [definite effects on Cat. I organs = 7] 0 190 ppm (4.4 mg/kg-day = 3] (5.25) Air Toxicant, score =7.75 Acute: 370 mg/kg (2) Subacute: 10 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Kidney Injury [minor effect on Cat. I organ = 5] 0 5 mg/kg-day [5 mg/kg-day = 3] (3.75) -3- Chemical Isobutyraldehyde Lead and compounds Maleic anhydride Mercury Methyl methacrylate 4,4'-Methy1eneb1s (N.N'-dimethyl) benzeneamlne Methylene chloride 4,4`-Methylene dianaline Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score = 6.50 Acute: 39500 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: not listed (1) Systemic: Hemoglomlnemia [mild effect on Cat. I organ = 6] 0 50 mg/kg [2.7 mg/kg-day = 3] (4.50) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, EPA) Air Toxicant, score - 6.50 Acute: 400 mg/kg (2) Subacute: 1 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Increased susceptabillty to lung Infection and bronchitis [mild effect on Cat. I organ " 6] O undefined concentration [? mg/kg-day = 1] (1.50) Listed by International Joint Commission Air Toxicant, score = 6.50 Acute: 15350 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: 410 mg/cu m (1) Systemic: CNS effects (decreased neuronal firing rate) [mild effect on Cat. I organ = 6] 0 400 ppm [2.3 mg/kg-day * 3] (4.50) Probable Hunan Carcinogen (NTP) Probable Hunan Carcinogen (NTP, EPA, ACGIH) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP) SL 064779 Option 12 3 4 XXXX Chemical Ethylene XXXX XXXX X Ethylene dichloride Ethylene oxide Fluorine XXX XXX XXX X X Formaldehyde Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorocyclopentadlene XXX X X XX Hydrazine Hydrogen fluoride si* 06^778 Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score E 8,00 Acute: 1090270 mg/cu m (0) Subacute: not listed (1) Systemic: Cholinesterase Inhibition [definite effect on Cat. I organ B 7] 0 3 mg/kg [0.24 mg/kg-day =- 4] (7.00) ` Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score = 6.00 Acute: 144 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: 2 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: none recognized (0.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Listed by International Joint Commission Air Toxicant, score s 13.00 Acute: 15 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: 0.1 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Degenerative changes of liver and kidneys [definite effects on Cat. 1 organs * 7] % 0.15 ppm [0.11 - 0.16 mg/kg-day = 4] (7.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (HTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score = 11.00 Acute: 1040 mg/cu m (2) Subacute: 2.5 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Lung Injury [mild effects on Cat. I organ * 6] 0 17 ppm [0.53 mg/kg-day 4] (6.00) -5- Chemical 4-Nitrophenol 2-Nitropropane Peracetic acid Phenol Phosphorus PCBs Selenium and compounds Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score = 9.00 Acute: 250 mg/kg (2) Subacute: not listed (1) Systemic: CNS effects (disruption of reflexes) (mild effects of Cat. I organ = 6] 0 0.00125 mg/kg-day [0.001 mg/kg*day - 4] (6.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC) Air Toxicant, score =9.25 Acute: 450 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: not listed (1) Systemic: Chemical bronchopneumonia [definite effect on Cat. I organ = 7] 0 1B6 mg/cu m [3.2 mg/kg-day = 3] (5.25) Air Toxicant, score = 11.75 Acute: 316 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: 19 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Severe damage to lung, heart, liver, and kidneys [severe effects on Cat. I organs * 9] 3 25 ppm [1.3 mg/kg-day = 3] (6.75) Air Toxicant, score * 9.00 Acute: 3.03 mg/kg (3) Subacute: 0.1 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Bone changes [definite effects on Cat. Ill organs 3] i 0.05 mg/kg [0.05 mg/kg-day = 4] (3.00) Listed by International Joint Commission Air Toxicant, score = 8.00 Acute: 6700 mg/kg (0) Subacute: 0.2 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: CNS effects (socio-psychiatric dlstrubance) [minor effects of Cat. I organ = 5] 0 0.2 mg/cu m [0.02 mg/kg-day = 4] (5.00) SL 064781 Chemical Methylenebis(phenyl Isocyanate) (MB I) HI rex Molybdenum trioxide Nickel and compounds Nitric acid 2-N1trophenol Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score * 6.00 Acute: 178 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: not listed (1) Systemic: Pulmonary fibrosis [major effect on Cat. I organ = 8] 8 undefined concentration [7 mg/kg-day = 1] (2.00) Listed by International Joint Commission Air Toxicant, score =7.75 Acute: 125 mg/kg (2) Subacute: 5 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Pneumoconiosis [minor effect on Cat. I organ = 5] 8 10 mg/m^ [1.3 mg/kg-day = 3] (3.75) Known Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score =6.50 Acute: 170 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: 5 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Increased susceptabillty to pulmonary Infection [mild effect on Cat. 1 organ * 6] 9 undefined concentration [7 mg/kg-day = 1] (1.50) Air Toxicant, score = 9.00 Acute: 334 mg/kg (2) Subacute: not listed (1) Systemic: CNS effects (disruption of reflexes) [mild effect of Cat. I organ = 6] 0 0.003 mg/kg-day [0.003 mg/kg-day 4} (6.00) SL 064780 Option I1i 4 XX XX X X XX Chemical 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Vinyl chloride Vinyl1dene chloride Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score * 10.00 Acute: 795 mg/kg (1) Subacute: 0.5 mg/kg (3) Systemic: Liver damage [mild effects on Cat. I organ ( . )= 6] 8 2.38 rag/cu m [0.15 mg/kg-day * 4J 6 00 Known Human Carcinogen (NTP, IARC, EPA, ACGIH) Air Toxicant, score "7.50 Acute: 25175 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: 20 mg/cu m (2) Systemic: Liver and kidney damage [mild effects on Cat. I organs s 6] 0 25 ppm [5.8 mg/kg-day * 3] (4.50) LDM/A/014 SL 064783 Option J_ _2 _3 j4 X XXXX XX X X XX X X XXXX XXXX XXXX Chemical Sodium fluoride Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 2,4diIsocyanate (TD1) Toxaphene Trichloroethylene 1,2,4-Trlmethylbenzene Selection Basis Air Toxicant, score =8.00 Acute: 52 mg/kg (2) Subacute: 2.5 (for F) mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Bone Injury (osteosclerosis) [deflnlt effect on Cat. HI organ 3] M mg/cu m [0.26 mg/kg-day = 4] (3.00) * Air Toxicant, score = 11.00 Acute: 510 mg/cu m (2) Subacute: 1 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Slight pulmonary hlstopathology [mild effect on Cat. 1 organ = 6] 0 0.3B mg/cu m [0.061 mg/kg-day = 4] (6.00) Probable Human Carcinogen (NTP, EPA) Air Toxicant, score = 12.00 Acute: 95 mg/cu m (3) Subacute: 0.04 mg/cu m (3) Systemic: Sensitizer leading to respiratory difficulty [mild effect on Cat. I organ = 6] 0 0.01 ppm [0.0022 mg/kg-day * 4] (6.00) Listed by International Joint Comission Probable Human Carcinogen (EPA) Air Toxicant, score =6.50 Acute: 18000 mg/cu m (1) Subacute: 125 mg/cu m (1) Systemic: CNS (nervous anxiety) and respiratory difficulty [mild effect on Cat. I organ = 6] 0 10 - 60 ppm total hydrocarbons [1.5 mg/kg-day = 3] (4.50) Sh Chemical Ethyl acrylate Ethylene Hexach1orocyclopentad1ene Hydrogen fluoride Isobutyraldehyde Maleic anhydride Methyl methacrylate Methylenebis(phenyl 1socyanate) Molybdenum trioxide Nitric acid 2-Nitrophenol 4-Nitrophenol Peracetic acid Reference Nemec, J. W.t W. Bauer, Jr.; Klrk-Othmer Encycl Chem Tech, 3rd ed. Vo11 pages 330-3$4, JohfTwTley and Sons, N.Y. (1978) Krasovltskaya, M. L., L. Malyarova; Gig Sanit 33(5), 7 (1968) Treon, J. F.; Arch Env HIth 11:459 (1955) Largent, E. J.; Fluorosis, Ohio State University Press, Columbus, OH (1961) Svlntukhovskii, 0. A.; "Toxicological Characteristics of Iso Butyraldehyde", Toksikol Gig Prod Neftekhim Neftekhim Prodlzvod 187 (1972) Tanaka, S.; J Scl Labor page 117, Japan (February 1976) Innes, 0. L.; Neurotoxicol 2(3):515-522 (1981) Ann Occup Hyg, 21(2):121 (1978) Mogilevskaya, 0. Ya. (1963) In: Toxicology of Rare Metals, pages 12-27. Izrael'son, 77 I. (Ed.y Sosudarstvennoelsdatel'stvo Medltsinskoi Literatury, Moscow (Translated by Israely Program for Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1967) Falrhall, L. T.; Industrial Toxicology 2nd ed., Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD (1957) Trelger, P.; "Nitric Acid Fume Pneumonia", Ind Med 16:395 (1947) Makhlnya (1969) abstract only Ibid Helnze, W.; "Peracetic Acid Aerosol Effect In Long-term Use of Germicidal Concentrations on Experimental Animals", Wlss, Z . Humbolt - Unlv. Berlin, Math - Natur ss Relhe 33(5):513-517 (1984) -12- SL 064785 Chemical Acrylic acid Aniline Biphenyl Boron trifluoride n-Butanol Carbon disulfide Cobalt Cyclohexanone 2,4-0 Dibutyl phthalate 01methyl amine References Reference Miller, R. R.; Fund Appl Toxicol 1:271-277 (1981) Oberst, F. W.; Arch Ind Health 13:379 (1956) Hakklnen, I., S. Hemberg, P. Karll, and E. Vlkkula; "Diphenyl Poisoning In Fruit Paper Production", Arch Environ Health 26:70-74 (1973) Torkelson, T. R., S. E. Sadek, V. K. Rowe; "The Toxicity of Boron Trifluoride when Inhaled by Laboratory Animals", Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 22:263-270 (1961) Seitz, B.; Soc Med Hyg du Travail (April 10, 1972) Velasquez, J.; Med del Trabajo 1:43 (1964) Mihail, J.; Arch Mai Prof 29:109 (1968) Kerfoot, E. J., U. 6. Fredrick, and E. Oomeler; "Cobalt Metal Inhalation Studies on Miniature Swine", Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 36:17-25 (1975) Treon, J. F.; J Ind Hyg Tox 25:323 (1943) Hazleton Laboratories, 1983 Document Accession Number 251473, U.S. EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D.C. Mllkov, L. E., etll_, "Health Status of Workers Exposed to Phthalate Plasticizers In the Manufacture of Artlflcal Leather and Films Based on PVC Resins", Env Health Persp pages 175-178 (January, 1973) Dow Chemical Co., unpublished report (1964) -11- SL 06478A 1 Systenic Toxicity Score - Severity of Effects Scoring Distribution of Toxicity Endpoints Score: 1 subjective syqptons 2 34 . lesions* of nasal aucosa . flu syaptoas . dilation of blood vessels . bladder . blood stones alteration . skin abnormalities . osteoporosis . reduced growth . osteo sclerosis . Minor blood changes h 6 7 89 . decreased . narcotic . decreased . bone Marrow daaage to R8C effect cholin suppression auttlple . headache/ nausea/ . histology of esterase i t . hepato- . Cat. 1 rgan organs , necrosis hepatic dizziness . fatty cellular . pulnonary atrophy .. .e vacuolization fibrosis . respiratory degeneration to pulnonary . significant . CMS paralysis of liver Infection biochenical deterior . loss of . depression changes ation concentration . hearing loss . pulnonary . reversible . Cat. 1 organ . asthnatlc edena teratogenesls injury bronchitis . histology of . reproductive . hepatic . histology of brain effects porphorla long . decreased . neuro . pneuno- . hepatooegally birth weight psychiatric conlosis . Cat. 1 organ dysfunction . increased . anenta . disruption of reflexes . hem ! h- with Mater nal effects . asthnatlc sensiti effects . fetal toxicity . convulsions Cat. 1 organ > ;.. weight . ai. j.ed zation . sterility . nethenoglob- . enphysena . decreased pulnonary inenla uptake of coopllance . kidney norepi . Cat. 1 organ tubular nephrine dengeration danage . dyspnea . polyneuritis . broneho- . exaggerated . pneuMonltls pneunonla lung . EKG changes . hepatitis Markings . jaundice . fetal organ . Cat. 1 organ . nephritis weight change congestion . focal . ulcers enpbysena . polyneuro pathy . chroaosoae aberration . decreased spera production Note: Reversible effects can lower score. Multiple organ effects can raise score. SL 064787 -14- Phenol Chemical Phosphorus Selenium Sodium fluoride Sulfuric acid I Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate 1,2,4-Trimethyl benzene 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Vinylidene chloride LDM/A/020/psf Reference Deichmann, W. B.; Am J Clin Path 14:273 (1944) Fleming, R. B. L.; J Ind Hyg Tox 24:154 (1942) Glover, J. R., B. Chlr; "Selenium and its Industrial Toxicology", Ind Med 39:50 (1970) Williams, C. R.; J Ind Hyg Tox 24:277 (1942) Alarle, Y., W. M. Busey, A. A. Krumn, C. E. Ulrich; "Long-term Continuous Exposure to Sulfuric Acid Mist In Cynomolgu Monkeys and Guinea Pigs", Arch Environ Health 27:16-24 (1973) Elkins, H. B., G. W. McCarl, H. G. Brugsch, J. P. Fahy; "Massachusetts Experience with Toluene 01-Isocyanate", Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 23:265-272 (1962) Battig, K.; Z Prav Med 1:389 (1957) Goodwin, J. W.; "Twenty Years Handling TNT In a Shell Loading Plant", Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 33:41-44 (1972) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 3rd ed. Vol. 2B pages 3545-3530, Wiley and Sons N.Y., N.Y. (1981) -13- SL 064786 S. Highly toxic substances. Lists ranging in number from 12 to 30 are presented with de minimis values ranging from 1 ton per year to 10 tons per year. A score of 6 -10 considered highly toxic. The most controversial provision presented in the document is the toxicity ranking system. Efforts are under way to obtain further information as to how these scores were developed. IEPA has proposed an on site visit for those parties interested in reviewing documentation relating to this process. CIC is planning to review the documents late next week. SL 064789 Environmentalj\ * CHEMICAL MAWt/F4miDPnn ... July 5,1989 IEPA Air Toxics Discussion Fap&TTM" Attached is a copy of lEPA's Air Toxics Discussion Paper prepared by the Agency to facilitate discussion about the adoption of an air toxics list for Illinois. The paper proposes four list options ranging from 46 to 79 chemicals. This action is mandated by S ction 9.5 of the Environmental Protection Act which specifies that the Agency propose such a list to the Pollution Control Board. A distribution is being made to all CIC member companies in preparation for an Agency Regulatory Development Session that will be held July 31,1989. Companies with comments on the document and those desiring to participate in the CIC Air Toxics Subcommittee should contact Dan Grissom (312) 856-7570 by July 17. A CIC Air Toxics Subcommittee meeting will be held July 21 at the Amoco building in Chicago to discuss all comments and begin development of a written statement to be submitted to the Agency prior to the Regulatory Development Session. The following outlines the development of the list options. The IEPA is proposing four possible options for lists of air toxics that will be subject to control requirements at a future date. The four lists each contain the following components, with or without provisions for de minimis levels: 1. A Governors list of air toxics agreed to by the Governors of the Great Lake states. There are 11 chemicals on this list No de minimis levels are allowed. 2. Known human carcinogens. Seven chemicals are listed with no de minimis provisions. 3. Probable human carcinogens. Lists ranging in number from 9 to 20 are presented with de minimis values ranging from 1 ton per year to 10 tons per year. 4. Extremely toxic substances. Eleven chemicals are listed with no de minimis provision. Toxic is defined using a numbering system that adds Agency assigned values for acute, subacute and systemic toxicity. A score of 11 to 15 is considered extremely toxic. (over) 9801 W. Higgins Road. Suita 480, Rosamont, It. 60018 (3121 823-4020 SL 064788 Illinois Environmental Protection Agency P.o. Bo* 19276, Spnnrtwid, 1L 62794.9276 AIR TOXICS DISCUSSION PAPER Prepared by Illinois EPA May* 1989 SL 064790 d. The Board, pursuant to Title VII, shall adopt regulations establishing a program to control toxic contaminants released Into the air In a manner that protects the public health and the environment. The Agency shall propose regulations to the Board for adoption which meet the requirements of this subsection. e. The requirements of this Section shall not apply to the following: 1. retail dry cleaning operations; 2. retail and noncommercial storage and handling of motor fuels; 3. combustion processes using only commercial fuel, including Internal combustion engines; 4. Incidental or minor sources Including laboratory-scale operations, and such other sources or categories of sources which are determined by the Board to be of minor significance. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency ("IEPA") Is proceeding to compile a list of toxic air contaminants for promulgation by the Illinois Pollution Control Board. The promulgation of the list fulfills the first obligation of IEPA as stated in subsection (c> of Section 9.5. IEPA desires to fulfill this obligation with the cooperation of Industry and environmental groups as well as Interested citizens In the State of Illinois. To that end, IEPA seeks comments on Ideas presented In this discussion paper. The purpose of this discussion paper is to present to the reader a step-by-step approach of how IEPA developed and now proposes to apply a two-part criterion (an emissions criterion and a human health criterion) to arrive at the chemicals on Its proposed list. Several options are presented in an effort to clarify concerns and suggestions regarding the chemicals to be 2 SL 064792 AIR TOXICS DISCUSSION PAPER INTRODUCTION Section 9-5 of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act (111. Rev. Stat. ch. Ill 1/2 1001-1052 (January 1. 1989)) ("Act") ("Section 9.5") was passed by the General Assembly on June 29, 1987, and was signed by the Governor on September 23, 1987. Section 9.5 establishes a state program to identify and to adopt regulations for the control of toxic air contaminants found in Illinois. The section Is printed below, In Its entirety. Section 9.5 a. The General Assembly finds that: 1. The public health and welfare may be endangered by the release of toxic contaminants Into the air which are carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic or otherwise injurious to humans or the environment. 2. Existing federal programs may not be adequate to protect the public and the environment from low-level chronic exposure to toxic air contaminants. b. It Is the purpose of this Section to establish a State program to Identify and adopt regulations for toxic air contaminants In Illinois. c. The Board, pursuant to Title VII, shall promulgate a list of toxic air contaminants. The list published under this subsection shall Include any air contaminant which may cause or significantly contribute to an Increase In mortality or an Increase In serious Irreversible or Incapacitating reversible Illness, or may pose a significant threat to human health or the environment. The Agency shall propose to the Board for adoption a list which meets the requirement of this subsection. The provisions of subsection (b) of Section 27 of this Act shall not apply to rulemakings under this subsection (c). SL 06^791 Section 313 required reporting (" \ 313 Inventory"), 2) the Illinois Air Division Inventory ("Illinois Inv- :>ry">, 3) the Great Lakes Toxic Substances Control Agreement, dated May 21. 1986, International Joint Committee Chemicals List ("IJC List"), and 4) the Air Toxics Emission Inventory for the Southeast Chicago Area, dated July 1, 1987, by the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("USEPA"), Air and Radiation Branch of Region V ("S.E. Chicago Inventory"). These four sources were chosen because they provided the most accurate estimate of routine air emissions available to IEPA. A discussion of each Is presented In the following sections. SARA 313 Inventory In 1986 the President signed Into law the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 ("SARA"). Title III of SARA Is an Independent statute entitled "The Emergency Planning and Community Rlght-to-Know Act of 1986." Title III establishes programs to provide the public with Important information on the types and amounts of hazardous chemicals emitted by facilities In their communities, as well as providing emergency planning and notification requirements which help protect the public In the event of a sudden release of a hazardous substance. Section 313 of Title III requires annual reports to be filed by certain companies which release Into the environment any of 324 compounds listed as toxic chemicals In Section 313. This reporting requirement covers routine emissions which occur as a result of normal business operations within a calendar year, and non-routine or accidental chemical releases. The emissions data reported are not necessarily derived from actual monitoring or measurements, but may be estimated from published emission factors, material balance or best engineering calculations. 4 06*79* ST* Included on the proposed list. It is anticipated that this presentation will facilitate meaningful discussion of the Issues involved in this phase of the development of Illinois' air toxics program. ILLINOIS' TWO-PART CRITERION I. EMISSIONS CRITERION The General Assembly stated in subsection (b) of Section 9.5: b. It Is the purpose of this Section to establish a State program to Identify and adopt regulations for toxic air contaminants In Illinois. The General Assembly's use of the words "State program" and "In Illinois" In this subsection suggests that a toxic air contaminant should be emitted In Illinois to be Included on the list. Also, the General Assembly states two findings In subsection (a) of Section 9.5 regarding the danger to public health and welfare posed by the release of toxic air contaminants and the lack of protection by federal programs. Since the General Assembly's responsibility Is to the citizens of Illinois, It is assumed that their intent was to protect these citizens from chemicals emitted In Illinois. Therefore, the first criterion Is that the toxic air contaminant be emitted In Illinois. (The one exception to this emissions criterion Is the IJC List, discussed below, which was the subject of prior agreements of Governor Thompson.) The next step Is to determine what chemicals are emitted In Illinois and In what quantities. IEPA looked to four sources to make these determinations: l) Title III (the Emergency Planning and Community Rlght-to-Know Act) of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 3 SL 064793 IIlinots Inventory The Division of Air Pollution Control Maintains an inventory of toxic air contaminants emitted by facilities In Illinois. Oata for this Inventory are obtained from construction and operating permit applications. Permit applications evaluated for toxic emissions are predominantly from those facilities with Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes of 28 through 30. Although the Illinois Inventory Is not as ext ve as the SARA 313 Inventory, It does contain additional toxic chemlc emissions Information not listed in the SARA 313 Inventory. Of the 210 chemicals In the Illinois Inventory which are not In the SARA 313 Inventory, eight are not subject to trade secret claims and have a toxicity potential score of greater than 6. (See the Human Health Criterion Section below for further explanation of toxicity potentials.) IJC List On Hay 21, 1986, the Gov ors of Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, New York, Ohio. Wisconsin, Minnesota and Pennsylvania signed the "Great Lakes Toxic Substances Control Agreement". This agreement established a framework for coordinating the study and control of toxic pollutants Impacting the Great Lakes Basin. On September 8. 1986, Environmental Directors from all eight Great Lake States. Including Illinois, signed a subsequent agreement titled: "Toxic Substances Management In The Great Lakes Basin Through The Permitting Process". This document required each of the eight state environmental agencies to develop and implement strategies for minimizing emissions of eleven specific air pollutants. These pollutants were previously Identir ed 6 SL 064796 Facilities suoject to reporting under Section 313 are those that have 10 or more full-time employees; that are In primary Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes 20 through 39; and that manufactured, processed or otherwise used a listed toxic substance In excess of specified threshold quantities. (Please see Appendix A for a list of industrial categories that are Included within SIC codes 20-39.) These SIC codes exclude utility companies, publicly-owned sewage treatment works, and waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities from the reporting requirements under Section 313. The requirements for reporting are different for users of chemicals, in contrast to manufacturers or processors of chemicals, for the 1987 reporting year, facilities using listed toxic chemicals In quantities of over 10,000 pounds and facilities manufacturing or processing these chemicals in excess of' 75,000 pounds were required to submit emissions data to both IEPA and USEPA by July 1, 1988. Fo* subsequent years, the reporting thresholds decrease. Consequently, the number of reporting facilities should Increase. (Please see the Future Changes to the Proposed List Section below for a discussion of additional SARA 313 reporting.) Referring to the SARA 313 Information for 1987 received by IEPA as of December T, 7988. 737 different chemicals were emitted into the air in the State of Illinois. This Information Is summarized In the "First Annual Toxic Chemical Report" published by IEPA In February, 1989. Title VI-B, Section 25b-4 of the Act mandates the IEPA to prepare this annual report and requires facilities to submit the data for releases of toxic chemicals. 5 Sh 06A795 Summary The total number of chemicals in t ? SARA 313 Inventory, the Illinois Inventory, the IJC List and S.E. Chicago Inventory Is 361. No chemical was counted more than once even If it appeared on more than one list. Please refer to Appendix B for a list of all the chemicals, their Chemical Abstracts Service ("CAS") numbers and the sources in which the chemicals can be found. Appendix B contains the 210 chemicals found on the Illinois Inventory, Including the chemicals that are subject to trade secret claims. II. HUMAN HEALTH CRITERION The second part of IEPA's two-part criterion for determining whether a chemical should be on the proposed list Involves an examination of the toxic properties of the chemicals and their potential threat to human health. The following two subsections of Section 9.5 Indicate the Intent of the General Assembly regarding what chemicals should be listed. a. The General Assembly finds that: 1. The public health and welfare may be endangered by the release of toxic contaminants Into the air which are carcinogenic, teratogenic, muta *c or otherwise Injurious to humans or the.envl nt. c............. The list published under this subsection shall include any air contaminant which may cause or significantly contribute to an Increase In mortality or an Increase In serious Irreversible or Incapacitating reversible Illness, or may pose a significant threat to human health or the environment.... Several terms used In subsection (a)(1) of Section 9.5 need to be defined in order to understand the Issues presented In assessing the effects on human health of a chemical release. A carcinogen Is a substance which can under 8 SL 064798 by the International Joint Commission ("IJC"> as adversely impacting the Great Lakes biosphere. Studies by the IJC and others demonstrated that large quantities of these pollutants enter the Great Lakes through the atmospheric deposition route. In March, 1989, the same eight Environmental Directors signed another document, the "Great Lakes State Air Permitting Agreement", which supported the original concept of controlling air emissions of IJC specified pollutants. S.E. Chicago Inventory The USEPA, Region V, Air and Radiation Branch has studied the extent of toxic air contamination In the Southeast Chicago area. The reports generated by Region V from their Investigations include: "Air Toxics Emission Inventory for the Southeast Chicago Area", dated July. 1987; "Updates to an Air Toxics Emission Inventory for the Southeast Chicago Area", dated January, 1989; and. "Estimation and Evaluation of Cancer Risks Attributed to Air Pollution In Southeast Chicago", draft dated January, 1989. These documents list the facilities studied, the types and quantities of chemicals emitted from each facility, and the probable human health effects resulting from exposure to the chemicals. Sixty-seven toxic air pollutants are Identified by USEPA as being emitted from facilities Id Southeast Chicago. Of those 67 chemicals. IEPA considered for Inclusion on the list only the 31 chemicals that a facility Itself reported emitting. Two chemical categories, coke oven emissions and polycyclic organic matter, were identified from the S.E. Chicago Inventory, meeting the above condition. In both cases, other specific chemicals within the identified categories were already contained in the SARA 313 Inventory. 7 SL 064797 there 1$ little or no cancer da for humans; however, limited evidence exists that cancers can be produced 1 aboratory animals. The following four well recognized sources were used In determining how to Identify and classify carcinogens: the National Toxicology Program's <NTP) Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens; the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs Supplement 4 and Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans - Volumes 30-42; the USEPA Carcinogen Assessment Group (CAG) list; and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) 1988-89 Exposure Manual, Apper x A. Toxicity Potential A toxicity potential score was determined for each compound based on data regarding its acute lethality, subacute toxicity and systemic toxicity. The toxicity potential score was determined as follows: Toxicity Potential Score - Acute Lethality Score Subacute Toxicity Score * Systemic Toxicity Score The scores from this equation range from 1 (lowest toxicity) to 15 (highest toxicity). The relative weight given to acute lethality Is one-fifth, subacute toxicity Is one-fffth and systemic toxicity Is three-fifths. Point values were assigned for each sub-score as described below. Acute Lethality Acute lethality Is a measure of the ability of a single exposure of a substance to cause death. This Is commonly quantified In terms of the amount 10 SL 064800 certain circumstances produce cancerous growth. A teratogen Is a substance which can cause birth defects. A mutagen Is a substance which can increase the frequency of alterations In the genetic material of cells. Several terms used In subsection (c) of Section 9.5 also warrant explanation. An Increase In mortality Is a greater frequency of deaths. An Increase in serious Irreversible Illness means a greater frequency of diseases that limit activity and do not significantly improve following medical treatment. In contrast, an Increase In Incapacitating reversible Illness Is a greater frequency of diseases which are debilitating but Improve with medical treatment. IEPA developed human health criteria using both a cancer potential and a toxicity potential. IEPA sought the services of ICAIR, Life Systems. Inc. ("ICAIR"), a privately owned health and environmental effects consulting firm located in Cleveland, Ohio, In identifying the toxicity data for each chemical candidate for the Illinois proposed list. These human health criteria are further described as follows. Cancer Potential The cancer potential ranking can be divided Into three categories: known human carcinogens, probable human carcinogens, and possible human carcinogens. A known human carcinogen is a substance for which there exists sufficient evidence that exposure can result In cancerous growths In humans. A probable human carcinogen Is a substance for which only limited evidence exists that cancerous growths In humans result from exposure; however, sufficient evidence exists that cancerous growths can be produced In laboratory animals. A possible human carcinogen Is a substance for which 9 SL 06^7" S'^acute Tonicity Scoring TLV < 5 mg/m3 TLV 5-50 mg/m1 TLV > 50 mg/m3 or not listed 3 2 -1 Systemic Toxicity Systemic toxicity Is a Measure of the ability of a substance to cause adverse health effects usually after absorption and distribution of the substance throughout the body. It often eff :ts organs distant froei the site of the exposure. Systemic toxicity data were compiled by ICAIR which reviewed the relevant literature and resources to define adverse effects to humans <or animals, if no human data could be located) and the amount of the substance required to cause the effect. Systemic toxicity scores were assigned by IEPA based on this data. The systemic toxicity score was determined by the product of to subscores; one for the lowest toxic dose and one for the severity of the effects. A correction factor of 0.25 was used to ensure that the systeml- toxicity score would not exceed nine points In total. In sum, the systemic toxicity score is determined as follows: Systemic Toxicity Score 0.25 x Lowest Toxic Dose Score x Severity of Effects Score The lowest toxic dose 1$ the lowest dose of a substance that causes an observable effect. The scoring for the lowest toxic dose Is as follows: 12 SL 064802 of a substance that kills SOX of the tested population of laboratory animals. Acute lethality data were comprised of experimentally derived concentrations of the substance In the air that was estimated to kill half of a group of laboratory rats following a brief exposure (8 hours or less) (LCso). If no inhalation data were available, the fatal amount if Ingested was used (LD*0). Acute lethality data are sometimes developed for several species of laboratory animals. The rat (the most commonly used laboratory animal) was selected for consistency within this evaluation. The primary source for these data was the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) data base. The acute lethality scoring system is presented below. Acute Lethality Scoring* LCjo < 500 mg/m3 LCjo 500 - 4,999 mg/m3 LCso 5,000 - 50,000 mg/m3 LCjo > 50,000 mg/m3 or LOso < 50 mg/kg or LDso 50 - 499 mg/kg or LOso 500 - 5.000 mg/kg or LDso > 5,000 mg/kg 3 2 1 0 Subacute Toxicity Subacute toxicity is a measure of the ability of a substance to cause an adverse health effect (not usually death) occurring over a limited period of time after repeated exposures to the chemical. Subacute toxicity data were comprised of worker exposure limit values (threshold limit values) formulated by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. The subacute toxicity scoring system Is presented below: `Please note the following abbreviations: mg/m3 means milligram per cubic meter, and mg/kg means milligram per kilogram of body weight. 11 SL 06^801 (Please see Appendix C for the Identification of category I, II and III organs for the systemic toxicity scoring.) Both the severity of effects and the ranking of organs was generally patterned after Information contained In the USEPA published document entitled Unfinished Business: A Comparative Assessment of Environmental Problems. Appendix II. Won-Cancer Risk Work Group, dated February, 1987. OPTIONS FOR THE PROPOSEO ILLINOIS AIR TOXICS LIST To review, the two-part criterion for the proposed list Includes an emissions criterion and a human health criterion. Regarding the emissions criterion, IEPA presents optional de minimis levels of emissions below which a chemical will not be Included on the proposed list. Section 9.5 supports the use of a reasonable de minimis level in subsection (e)(4). e. The requirements of this Section shall not apply to the following: 4. Incidental or minor sources Including laboratory-scale operations, and such other sources or categories of sources which are determined by the Board to be of minor significance. Regarding the human health criterion, the options presented below Include five categories of chemicals: 1> the eleven air pollutants from the IJC List; 2) known human carcinogens identified by the sources listed In the Cancer Potential Section; 3) chemicals with a toxicity potential score of greater than 10 but not exceeding IS (noted as "extremely toxic chemicals"); 14 SL 064804 Lowest Toxic Dose Scoring* < 1.0 mg/kg-d 1.0 - 9.9 mg/kg-d 10 - 50 mg/kg-d > 50 mg/kg-d 4 3 *2 -1 The severity of effects Includes the type of effect as well as the organs affected. The scoring for the severity of effects Is as follows: Severity of Effects Scoring Severe, life threatening effects of category I organs. Developmental effects without maternal effects. 9 Major functional effects of category I organs. Developmental effects with maternal effects, reproductive effects, or any evidence of fetotoxlclty. *8 Definite functional effects of category I organs; severe effects of category II organs. -7 Mild functional effects of category I organs; major effects of category II organs. *6 Minor functional effects of category I organs; definite effects of category II organs; severe effects of category III organs. -5 Mild functional effects of category II organs; major effects of category III organs. 4 Minor functional effects on category II organs; definite effects on category III organs. -3 Mild functional effects on category III organs. .. 2 Minor functional effects of category III organs. -1 No effects recognized. -0 Please note the following abbreviation: mg/kg-d means milligram per kilogram per day. 13 SL 064803 OPTION 1 (Appendix E) Category IJC List (no de minimis) Known Human Carcinogens (no de minimis) Extremely Toxic Chemicals (no de minimis) Probable Human Carcinogens (no deminimis) Highly Toxic Chemicals (node minimis) Total Number of Chemicals 11 7 11 20 _20 79 OPTION 2 (Appendix F) Category IJC List (no de minimis) Known Human Carcinogens (no de minimis) Extremely Toxic Chemicals(no de minimis) Probable Human Carcinogens (over 1 tpy* emitted) Highly Toxic Chemicals (over 1 tpyemitted) Total Number of Chemicals 11 7 11 IS 21 65 OPTION 3 (Appendix G) Category IJC List (no de minimis) Known Human Carcinogens (no de minimis) Extremely Toxic Chemicals(no de minimis) Probable Human Carcinogens (over 1 tpy emitted) Highly Toxic Chemicals (over 10 tpy emitted) Total Number of Chemicals 11 7 11 15 J2 56 Please note the following abbreviation: tpy' means tons per year. 16 SL 064806 4) probable human carcinogens Identified by the sources listed in the Cancer Potential Section; and 5) chemicals with a toxicity potential score of 6 to io (noted as "highly toxic chemicals"). IEPA presents four options for consideration. For purposes of developing these options, some general guidelines were used. The number of chemicals in each category Is taken from the SARA 313 Inventory, the Illinois Inventory (those not subject to trade secret claims), and the IJC List. The entire IJC List Is presented In each option, without a de minimis level, to reflect Governor Thompson's prior commitments pursuant to the Great Lakes Toxic Substances Control Agreement, dated May 21, 1986. Possible human carcinogens were not considered for Inclusion In any of the options because the results of the animal studies conducted on these chemicals, while suggestive, are not conclusive. Chemicals with toxicity potential scores of 1-5 were not considered for Inclusion In any of the options at this time because they are not considered by the IEPA to be of primary concern. (Please see Appendix D for an In-depth analysis of the supporting rationale.) A separate appendix Is presented for each of the four options. These appendixes contain the chemical name, CAS number, the list from which the chemical was identified, total emissions (In tons per year), the number of Illinois facilities reporting the chemicals, the cancer potential, and the toxicity potential scores (Including the acute lethality score, subacute toxicity score and systemic toxicity score). 15 SL 064805 The IEPA also wants to recognize four chemicals of concerr that are not included In any of the options but are, nevertheless, be 1 levee to be worthy of some continued consideration. While these chemicals do not fit within the IEPA proposed generic protocol, they do foster certain concerns which are deserving of further discussion. (Please see Appendix I for a discussion of these chemicals.) FUTURE CHANGES TO THE PROPOSED LIST This phase of the air toxics program In Illinois begins with the promulgation of the list by the Illinois Pollution Control Board. As toxicological knowledge Increases and as Inventories are further refined, changes to the original list will be In order. One example of why refinements to the original list will be required Is that SARA 313 reporting will continue to take place. SARA Section 313(f)(1) states the threshold amounts for purposes of reporting toxic chemicals. For a toxic chemical used at a facility, 10,000 pounds a year is the threshold. For a toxic chemical manufactured or processed at a fad "y, there 1$ a three step process which Includes the elements of time ana entity of emissions. First, facilities manufacturing or processing 75,000 pounds per year were required to submit SARA 313 reporting on or before July 1, 1988. Second, facilities manufacturing or processing 50,000 pounds per year are required to submit SARA 313 reporting on or before July 1, 1989. Finally, facilities manufacturing or processing 25.000 pounds per year are required to submit SARA 313 reporting on or before July 1, 1990. Since updating the original list will be necess y, from time to time, IEPA proposes that the criteria dealing with human wealth Impacts to add on to and delete from the 11st be the same emissions criterion and human health 18 SL 064808 Category OPTION 4 (Appendix H) IJC Ust (no de minimis) Known Human Carcinogens (no de minimis) Extremely Toxic Chemicals (no de minimis) Probable Human Carcinogens (over 10 tpy emitted) Highly Toxic Chemicals (over 10 tpy emitted) Total Number of Chemicals ^ 7 7l` 9 12 46 These options reflect various alternatives. At this time, IEPA views the use of Option 2 as the best choice because It most reasonably fulfills the requirements of Section 9-5. The rationale for this choice Is as follows: (1) All eleven chemicals on the IJC List should be Included pursuant to Governor Thompson's prior agreements. (2) Known human carcinogens and extremely toxic chemicals should be included on the proposed list without a de minimis level due to the severity of the human health effects of even small amounts of these substances. (3) Probable human carcinogens and highly toxic chemicals should be Included on the proposed list with a one ton per year exemption level. Although these chemicals represent a lesser degree of concern, emitted at that level they may cause or significantly contribute to an Increase In serious Irreversible or Incapacitating reversible Illness. IEPA Is open to all suggestions and has not made any final decisions regarding Option 2 or any other option. Therefore, comments regarding all four options will be appreciated. 17 SL 064807 criterion as the original list. In other words, these two criteria should be used as a human health generic protocol to expeditiously Identify toxic air contaminants after the initial list Is adopted. OTHER STATE AND FEDERAL PROGRAMS Illinois' proposed list can be considered In light of other federal and state air toxic programs. Such a comparison may be helpful to provide a broader base from which to view a proposed list for Illinois. A part of the current federal regulatory air toxics program Is called the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants ("NESHAPs"). Established by Section 112 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.A. par. 7401 et sea. (1983)), the NESHAPs program requires USEPA to Identify, Investigate, and promulgate national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants. Over the last 18 years, only 8 substances have been listed as hazardous air pollutants: asbestos, arsenic, benzene, beryllium, coke oven emissions, mercury, radionuclides, and vinyl chloride. Many professionals argue that the NESHAPs program has failed. The IEPA agrees with these assessments as well. Section 112 of the Clean Air Act requires the Administrator of USEPA to list as hazardous those pollutants which, in his judgment, cause or contribute to air pollution that may reasonably be anticipated to result in an Increase in mortality or an increase in serious Irreversible, or Incapacitating reversible, Illness. The listing of a pollutant triggers the Administrator's responsibility to develop emission standards that will protect public health with an "ample margin of safety". The tight time tables for promulgation of standards, one year after listing a 19 SL 064809 substance is t hazardous air pollutant, and the literal Interpretation of the ample margin of safety* provision art the focal points of the failure of the NESHAPs program. Concern over USEPA'* inability to address the hazardous air pollution problam prompted Congress to hold hearings and ask the General Accounting Office ("GAO") to examine Issues related to controlling hazardous air pollution. USEPA identified and reported to Congress a list of 3? substances to which It had given priority attention. The reader may be Interested to know that there Is approximately a 5CI switch up between this Old federal list and Option 2 presented In this paper. (Please see Appendix J for a list of the 37 substances.) In 1963, only 7 substances had been listed as hazardous and emission standards had been set for just four of thosa listed substances. Also in 1983. a GAO report pointed out that USEPA has oade slow progress in regulating pollutants-that pose significant health risks. USEPA agreed that more needed to be done to regulate other hazardous air pollutants. Prompted by the shortcomings of the NESHAPs program. In Nay, 1985, USEPA published J study entitled The Air Toxics Problem In the United States: An I Analysis of1Cancer Risks for Selected Pollutants. EPA 450/1*85-001. After conducting this broad study of health risks associated with txposure to selected air toxics, USEPA announced a new national strategy for addressing li the issue - A Strategy to Reduce Risks to Public Health from Air Tonics. June 1985. A component of this strategy was to defer aajor responsibility for regulating air toxics to the states. It called for the development and expansion of state air toxics programs. Prior to 1985, only approximately 17 states had air toxics programs. Today virtually all state and local air pollution agencies either have or are developing an air toxics program. 20 SL 064810 passage of Proposition 65, The Safe Drlnxing Hater and Toxics Initiative, by a ajorlty of greater than 2 to 1. This proposition, which addressed carcinogens, teratogens and Mutagens, Mandated creation of a Governor-appointed Scientific Review Board to list toxic substances. To date, over 300 substances have been listed by this Board subsequent to the passage of Proposition 65 In 1986. California toxics legislation has clearly Moved away froM Its Initial NESHAPS chemical-by-chemical approach to adopting lists of air toxicants. It Is clear that there Is nc vie "best list" to protect the public health and welfare of the clt.zens of a. the states. States have developed an air toxics program. Including an air toxics list, based on the unique concerns of each state. A differing Mix of legislative directives, Industry, agriculture, urban development, and available resources has led to the development of many different air toxics lists. However, It $ees that one coaMion element of national public concern Is to address the human health effects from carcinogens, systemic toxicants, and acute or subacute toxicants. Concern for these substances Is clearly reflected in the legislative directive of Section 9.5. CONCLUSION IEPA Is committed to propose a list of toxic air contaminants that fulfills the legislative mandate of Section 9.5 and sets a reasonable basis for the further development of an air toxics program In Illinois. Cooperation among IEPA, industry, environmental groups and other concerned citizens In this effort will ensure that a scientifically sound list Is developed that adequately protects human health. 22 SL 064812 As expected, Stitts have taken various approaches to developing their air toxic programs. Approximately twenty-four states are using or developing a formal list of toxic substances for their air toxics programs. Over one thousand different substances are Identified as air toxicants by all these state lists. List sizes range fro* 9 to over 800 substances. Examples of larger lists Include Wisconsin (494 chemicals). Connecticut (8S0 chemicals), Kentucky (736 chemicals). Nevada (597 chemicals), North Dakota (686 chemicals) and South Carolina (160 chemicals). In certain cases, lists are limited to substances known or believed to be emitted In the state. In other cases, lists are developed using specific toxic criteria. In general, the older programs, like those In New Jersey and California with 11 and 9 substances respectfully, focused first on carcinogens. More recent programs include consideration of acutely toxic substances, teratogens, and mutagens. Therefore, older programs now seem to be expanding their original lists. For example. New Jersey presosed to add 17 substances to their program and are reviewing many others for inclusion. In contrast, Indiana and Ohio have chosen to undertake air toxics programs with a more modest list of pollutants based upon each state's available resources. Indiana and Ohio have chosen to list 28 and 29 substances, respectively. Both states' lists include carcinogens and other toxic substances. One example of an older program with a limited list of chemicals Is California. The California program follows the NESHAPS' chemical-by-chemical approach, with a list of only 9 chemicals. The California list of air toxic chemicals Is expected to double within a year. Even so. public reaction to this slow and expensive chemical-by-chemlcal approach In part resulted In the 21 SL 064811 !' ice : 1;ite: 03/11/89 Appendix S Universe of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List 'if). Cheaical or Compound 1.1. l-Trichloroechane l.1.2-Trichloroethane 1.1-Dichloroethane 4 1,2.4-rrisethylbenzene 7 1,2-Butylene oxide l.2-Dichlorobenzene ~ 1,2-r rans-iichloroerhene 1. ;-F,wt adiene 1.3--r ichlorobenzene 1C i.4-Fmtanediol :i 1.4-Dioxane i: 1-Methvl naphthalene 13 -.4.h-Trinitrotoluene 14 2.4-D (Acetic acid. (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-) 15 2.4-Dichlorophenoxyacetate. iso-octyl16 2-Butoxyethanoi 17 2-Ethoxy ethanol acetate 18 2-Ethoxyethanol 19 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol 20 2-thylhexyl acrylate 21 2-Mechoxy ethanol acetate 4*0* 2-Methoxyethanol '2 2-Methyl naphthalene 2U 2-\ir rophenol l ' 2-Nitropropane 20 2-Propoxy ethanol 27 4.4'-Tsopropylidenediphenol :s 4,4-Methylenebis(N.K-diaethyl) benzenaaine i'? 4.4*-Methylenedianiline 30 4,4-0ianinodiphenyl ether 31 4-Nitrophenol 32 Acenaphthene 33 Acetic acid 34 Acetone 35 Acetonitrile 36 Acrylaaide 37 Acrylic acid 38 Acrylonitrile 39 Alachlor 40 Alkyl phenate 41 Alkylated lead compounds 42 Allo-ocinenol 43 Allyl alcohol 44 Ally 1 chloride CAS So. Source1 000071-55-6 000079-00-5 000075-34-3 000095-A3-6 000106-88-7 0OQO95-50-1 000156-60-5 000106-99-0 000541-73-1 000110-63-4 000123-91-1 000090-12-0 000118-96-7 000094-75-7 025168-26-7 000111-76-2 000111-15-9 000110-80-5 000094-96-2 000103-11-7 000110-49-6 000109-86-4 000091-57-6 000088-75-3 000079-46-9 002807-30-9 000080-05-7 000101-61-1 000101-77-9 000101-80-4 000100-02-7 000083-32-9 000064-19-7 000067-64-1 000075-05-8 000079-06-1 000079-10-7 000107-13-1 015972-60-8 000078-70-6 000107-18-6 000107-05-1 313. IEPA 313 IEPA 313 IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA 313 IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA 313 313. IEPA IEPA 313 313 313, IEPA 313 313 IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. 313. IEPA 313. IEPA. 313. IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA IEPA IJC IEPA IEPA IEPA SEChic SEChic SL 064814 appendix a PRIMARY STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION CODE CATEGORIES FOR SARA 313 REPORTING SIC CODE SIC CATEGORIES lO FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS 21 TOBACCO PRODUCTS 22 TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS 23 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED PRODUCTS 24 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS, EXCEPT FURNITURE 25 FURNITURES AND FIXTURES 26 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 27 PRINTING, PUBLISING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES 28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 29 PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES 20 RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS 21 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS 32 STONE, CLAY, GLASS, AND CONCRETE PRODUCTS 33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES 34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS 35 INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL MACHINERY AND COMPUTER 26 ELECTRONIC AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS 27 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT 18 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS :? MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES SL 064813 I'.w Nu. : Appendix B Universe of Cheaicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List x,>. Cheaical or Coepound S'* ,`arbon tetrachloride no Carbon cetrafluori.de `1 furbosulfan )2 Thlor.'.moen ,V5 Chlortane *4 Chloimated dibenzodioxins chlorinated dibenzofurans Chlorinated trisodiue phosphate 7 ,, lilorine hloioacetic acid 99 Chlorooenzene 1UU Chlutonifluoromethane 101 .hloroethane * V hlororortn :oi Chloromethane 104 < ;hlo ropen t a fluoroethane 105 "hlorsyrifos l C 6 "hronuum dll':07 Chromium (VI) 108 hroi.::uTi and compounds 10) onl ur volatiles lie obal: and cempounds 111 Ae \er. emissions 1 * * ' * rest.', (mixed isomers) 114 itsoi. )115 burner* 116 Cumene hvdrnperoxide 117 Cvanazine 1 IS Cyanide 119 Cvanide and compounds 120 Cvclohexane 121 byciohexanone 122 Cvclohexylamine 123 DDT 124 m(2--chvlhexyl) phthalate 125 Piacetone alcohol 12b biammonium phosphate 127 Piazinon 123 Dibenzofuran 129 Pibutvl maleate 130 rnburd phthalate 131 D i<.hlurodif luoromethane 132 Dichicrofluoromethane CAS No. Sourcex 000056-23-5 000075-73-0 055235-14-8 000133-90-4 000057-74-9 056802-99-4 007782-50-5 000079-11-8 000108-90-7 000073-45-6 000075-00-3 000067-66-3 000074-87-3 000076-15-3 002921-88-2 016065-83-1 018540-29-9 007440-47-3 008007-45-2 007440-48-4 007440-50-8 001319-77-3 000095-48-7 000098-82-8 000080-15-9 021725-46-2 000057-12-5 000057-12-5 000110-82-7 000108-94-1 000108-91-8 000050-29-3 000117-81-7 000123-42-2 007783-28-0 000333-41-5 000132-64-9 000105-76-0 000084-74-2 000075-71-8 000075-43-4 313. IEPA. SEChic 1EPA (EPA 313. IEPA 313 IJC IJC IEPA 313. IEPA 313 313. IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA 313. IEPA, SEChic 313, IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic TEPA 313. IEPA SEChic 313. IEPA 313, IEPA 313. IEPA 313. IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA 313 313 IEPA IEPA IJC 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA SL 064816 Page 'O. : 2 Date: 05/11/89 Appendix B Universe of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List Chemical or Coapound Aluminum 46 Aluminum oxide 4 7 Ammonia 43 Anaoniua chloride 49 Ammonium difluoride *0 Ammonium nitrate *1 Aaaoniua sulfate *2 Amyl acetate *3 Aniline 54 Aniline. N-forayl55 Anthracene 56 Antimonv 57 Antiaony pentafluoride 58 Arsenic and Compounds 59 Asbestos (friable) 60 Asphalt (petroleum) fumes 61 Atrazine 62 Bariua 63 Benefin 64 Benzene 65 Benzo(a)pyrene 66 Benzoic acid 67 Benzyl chloride SB Beryllium 69 Biphenyl 70 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate 71 Boron trichloride 72 Boron trifluoride 75 Bromacil 74 Bromine 75 Butane 76 Butyl acrylate 77 Butyl benzyl phthalate 78 Butyl carbitol 79 Butylatein 80 Butylcarbinol acetate 81 '^daiua and compounds 82 Cadmium oxide 83 Calcium silicate 84 Caprolactam 85 Captan 36 Carbofuran 37 Carbon black 88 Carbon disulfide CAS No. Source1 007429-90-5 001344-28-1 007664-41-7 012125-02-9 001341-49-7 006484-52-2 007783-20-2 000628-63-7 000062-53-3 000103-70-8 000120-12-7 007440-36-0 007783-70-2 007440-38-2 001332-21-4 008052-42-4 001912-24-9 007440-39-3 003567-95-1 000071-43-2 000050-32-8 000065-85-0 000100-44-7 007440-41-7 000092-52-4 000103-23-1 010294-35-5 007637-07-2 000314-40-9 007726-95-6 000106-97-8 000141-32-2 000085-68-7 000112-34-5 002008-41-5 000124-17-4 007440-43-9 001306-19-0 001344-95-2 000105-60-2 000133-06-2 001563-66-2 001333-86-4 000075-15-0 313, IEPA 313 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 313 IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic 313 IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IJC IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA., SEChic 313, IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA SL 064815 F:ir,e .No . : Date: 05/11/39 Appendix B Universe of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List So. Chemical or Compound I7`f Clycerin 178 Heptane 179 Hexachlorobenrene '.SO Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 181 Hexanechylene diisocyanate S2 Hexylene glycol 185 Hydrazine I Hydiocvanic nerd 135 Hvdrogen bromide iS6 Hvdrogen chloride 187 Hydrogen fluoride 1E8 Hydrogen peroxide :39 Hydrogen sulfide 1 f) Hydroquinone 191 Hydroxv ethyl acrylate 192 lsobutane 193 Isobutanol 194 Isobucyl acetate 195 Isobutvraldehyde 196 Isooctanol 197 Isopentane 19S Tsophoione diisocyanate 199 Isopropyl acetate 200 Isopropyl alcohol 201 Isopropylamine 202 Lead and compounds 203 Lead chromate 204 Lignosulfomc acid 2'J5 Linuron 2GC Lithium hydroxide 207 m-Cresol 2QS m-Nitrochlorobenzene 209 m-.Xylene 210 Malathion 211 Maleic anhydride 212 Manganese 21 l Melamine 214 Mercurv 215 Methacrvlic acid 216 Methanol 217 Methoxychlor 218 Methvl acrylate 219 Methvl amyl ketone 220 Methvl ethyl ketone CAS No. Source1 000056-81-5 000142-82-5 000118-74-1 000077-47-4 000822-06-0 000107-41-5 000302-01-2 000074-90-8 010035-10-6 007647-01-0 007664-39-3 007722-84-1 007783-06-4 000123-31-9 000818-61-1 000075-28-5 000078-83-1 000110-19-0 000078-84-2 026952-21-6 000078-78-4 004098-71-9 000108-21-4 000067-63-0 000075-31-0 007439-92-1 007758-97-6 008061-51-6 000330-55-2 001310-65-2 000108-39-4 000121-73-3 000108-38-3 000121-75-5 000108-31-6 007439-96-5 000108-78-1 007439-97-6 000079-41-4 000067-56-1 000072-43-5 000096-33-3 000110-43-0 000078-93-3 IEPA IEPA IJC 313, IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 313. IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA 311 IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA 313 IEPA 313. IEPA 313 313, SEChic IJC. 313. IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA SL 064818 Page No.: 4 Date: 00/11/89 Appendix B Universe of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List No. Cheaical or Compound 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 Dichlorotetrafluoroethane Diehlorvos Dieldrin Diethanolaaine Diethyl sulfate Diethylene glycol Diethylenetrianine D i e thy ie thanolan ine Diisobutyl ketone Diaethoxypropane Diaethyl acetaaide Diaethyl phthalate Dinethy1 polysiloxane Diaethyl sulfate Diaethylaaine Diphenylaaine Dipropylene glycol Disulfoton Diuron Divinyl benzene EDBC Endothall Epichlorohydrin Ethalfluralin Ethanol Ethyl acetate Ethyl acrylate Ethyl ether Ethyl hexanol Ethylbenzene Ethylene Ethylene dichloride Ethylene glycol > Ethylene oxide Ethylenediaaine Etridiazole Fluoranthene Fluorene Fluorine FMC-67825 Foraaldehyde Freon 113 Gasoline Gluteraldehvde. activated or unactivated CAS No. Source1 000076-14-2 000062-73-7 000060-57-1 000111-42-2 000064-67-5 000111-46-6 000111-40-0 000100-37-8 000108-83-8 000077-76-9 000127-19-5 000131-11-3 000077-78-1 000124-40-3 000122-39-4 000110-98-5 000298-04-4 000330-54-1 001321-74-0 008018-01-7 000145-73-3 000106-89-8 055283-68-6 000064-17-5 000141-78-6 000140-88-5 000060-29-7 000104-76-7 000100-41-4 000074-85-1 000107-06-2 000107-21-1 000075-21-8 000107-15-3 002593-15-9 000206-44-0 000086-73-7 007782-41-4 095465-99-9 000050-00-0 000076-13-1 008006-61-9 000111-30-8 IEPA IEPA IJC 313. IEPA. SEChic 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA 313. IEPA 313. IEPA 313. IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic 313. IEPA IEPA. SEChic IEPA SL 064817 Page No.: Dare: 05/11/89 Appendix & Universe of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List Mo. Cheaical or Compound CAS No. Soi 265 266 267 263 269 270 271 272 273 27i !" .7: 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 2S6 237 288 289 29C 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 30 30304 305 30t 307 308 p-Xviene Palygorscice Pendimethalin Pent ichlorophenol Pencamadione Pent me Peracetic u*id Permethrin Petrjieuin uistilljte Phenanthiene Phenoi Phorate Phosgene Phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid Phosphorus Phosphorus oxychloride Phosphorus pentachloride Phosphorus trichloride Phthalic anhydride Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Polvc>clic organic aatter Potassium carbonate Potassium nydroxide Propane Ptcpionaldehyde fropcxur Prop;, lene (Propene) Propylene glycol Prop>lene glycol methyl acetate Propylene glycol monomethyl ether Propylene oxide Pyrene Pvridine Quinoline s-Ethyi-N.N-dipropyl thiocarbamate (EDTC) sec-Butyl alcohol Selenium Selenium disulfide Silver Sodium borate Sodium iluonde Sodium hydroxide Sodium nitrate 000106*42-3 oi2n4-iw 04 <7-42-1 0C 7-86-5 000i09-66-0 000079-21-0 052645-51-1 008030-30-6 000085-01-8 000108-95-2 000298-02-2 000075-44-5 007664-38-2 013598-36-2 007723-14-0 010025-87-3 010026-13-8 007719-12-2 000085-44-9 001336-36-3 000584-8-7 001310-58-3 000074-98-6 000123-38-6 000114-26-1 000115-07-1 000057-55-6 000108-65-6 000107-98-2 000075-56-9 000129-00-0 000110-86-1 000091-22-5 000759-94-4 000078-92-2 007782-49-2 00' 98-56-4 007440-22-4 001303-96-4 007681-49-4 001310-73-2 007631-99-4 313 IEPA IEPA SEChic IEPA IEPA 313 TEPA IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA IJC. SEChic SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. : IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA 31'. IEPA 3: . IEPA II. A TE.JA IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA SL 064820 ' ige No. : '5 : ire: 05/11/89 Appendix B Uaiverae of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List Jo. Chemical or Compound ::i ::3 124 ::3 .26 -27 -..0A ;:c 231 232 233 23*. 235 236 237 238 239 220 j;i 142 242 244 .45 2;r, 247 24 8 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 357 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Methyl isoaayl ketone Methyl isobutyl cerbinol Methvl isobutyl ketone Methyl mercaptan Methyl methacrylate Methvl propyl ketone Methvl styrene Methyl rert-butyl ether Methylamine Methylcyclopentane Methylene chloride Methyienebis(phenylisocyanate) Metolachlor Metribuzin Mi rex Molybdenum Molybdenum trioxidc Monoammonium phosphate Monoethanol amine Monomethyi ether Morpholine n-Butyl acetate n-Butvl alcohol u-Hexane .'.-Nitrosodiphenylamine n-Propanol n-Propyi acetate Naphthalene Nickel and compounds Nitric acid Nitrobenzene Nitroglycerin Nitromethane Nylon o-Nit rochlorobenzene o-Xylene Oxalic acid p-Cresidine p-Cresol p-Dichlorobenzene p-Nitroaniline p-Nitrochlorobenzefte p-Toluene sulfonyl chloride CAS No. Source1 001338-23-4 000110-12-3 000108-11-2 000108-10-1 000074-93-1 000080-62-6 000107-87-9 000098-83-9 001634-04-4 000074-89-5 000096-37-7 000075-09-2 000101-68-8 051218-45-2 021087-64-9 002385-85-5 007439-38-7 001313-27-5 000141-43-5 034590-94-8 000110-91-8 000123-86-4 000071-36-3 000110-54-3 000086-30-6 000071-23-8 000109-60-4 000091-20-3 007440-02-0 007697-37-2 000098-95-3 000055-63-0 000075-52-5 063428-83-1 000088-73-3 000095-47-6 000144-62-7 000120-71-8 000106-44-5 000106-46-7 000100-01-6 000100-00-5 000098-59-9 IEPA IEPA IEPA 313, IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. 313, IEPA IEPA IEPA IJC IEPA 313 IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA 313. IEPA. 313. IEPA SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA 313 313, IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA SEChic SEChic SL 064819 F.ige No.: 0 Pace: 0.1/11/89 Appendix B Universe of Cheaicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List * Chemical or Compound CAS No. Source1 353 Vinyl acetate aoooaer 754 vinyl chloride 355 Vinylidene chloride *56 I'M & P Naptha 157 Xylene (mixed isoaers) 358 Zinc 359 Zinc phosphate K>0 Zinc stearate .161 Zirconium 000108-05-4 000075-01-4 0C 75-35-4 00o032-32-4 001330-20-7 007440-66-6 007779-90-0 000557-05-1 007440-67-7 313, IEPA 313. IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA, 513. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA SEChic 1. Source IJC - International Joint Coaaission List 313 - SARA 313 Inventory IEPA - Illinois EPA Air Toxics Inventory SEChic - Southeast Chicago Inventory APPB.REP MWS SL 064822 Page No.: 3 Date: 05/11/89 Appendix B Universe of Chemicals Considered for Inclusion in Air Toxics List No. Chemical or Compound 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 Sodium persulfate Sodium phosphate, dibasic Sodium silica fluoride Sodium sulfate Sodium colucnesulfonic acid Stvrene Sulfur Sulfur hexafluoride Sulfur trioxide Sulfuric acid Tenamene Terbufos Terephchalic acid tert-Butyl alcohol Tetrachloroethylene Tetraethylenepentamine Tetrahydrofuran Thiofuran Thionyl chloride Thiophanate methyl Thiophenol Thorium dioxide Tin Titanium Titanium dioxide Toluene Toluene-2.4-diisocyanate Toluene-2.6-diisocyanate Toxaphene Triammonium phosphate Tributylamine Trichloroethylene Trichlorofluoromethane Trichloroiaocyanouric acid Triethyl phosphate Triethylene tetramine Trifluralin Trimethyl benzene Trinethylamine Tungsten Turpentine Urea Vanadium Vegetable Oil CAS Vo. Source1 007775-27-1 007558-79-4 016893-85-9 007757-82-6 000824-79-3 000100-42-5 007704-34-9 002551-62-4 007446-11-9 007664-93-9 003081-14-9 013071-79-9 000100-21-0 000075-65-0 000127-18-4 000112-57-2 000109-99-9 000110-02-1 007719-09-7 023564-05-8 000108-98-5 001314-20-1 007440-31-5 007440-32-6 013463-67-7 000108-88-3 000584-84-9 000091-08-7 008001-35-2 000102-82-9 000079-01-6 000075-69-4 000087-90-1 000078-40-0 000112-24-3 001582-09-8 025551-13-7 000075-50-3 007440-33-7 008006-64-2 000057-13-6 007440-62-2 IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 313. IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. SEChic 313. IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IJC IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA. SEChic IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313. IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA IEPA 313 IEPA SL 064821 BASIS FOR SI APPENDIX D 16 CUTOFF LEVELS OF HUMAN HEALTH CRITERION As stated In this discussion paper, the decision whether or not to list a chemical was wade based upon two criteria, an ealsslons criterion and a human health criterion. The hunan health criterion Is based on a cancer potential and a toxicity potential. A description of how the cancer potential ranking and toxicity potential scoring 1$ presented on pages 9 through 14 of this paper. These criteria allow a weans to group chewlcals based on their potential to adversely affect human health. However, there does not exist an exact cutoff point on this scale for which the IEPA can emphatically state that chemicals below this point are safe and those above It are hazardous. The cancer potential ranking Is straightforward It Includes three categories: known human carcinogens, probable human carclno , and possible human carcinogens. Known human carcinogens and proba luman carcinogens warrant inclusion In Illinois' air toxics list. These . gorles Include chemicals for which there exists clear or substantial evidence that there Is a causal relationship between exposure to the chemical and Increased Incidence of cancer. Possible human carcinogens are not considered for listing at this time because the classification of these chemicals Is based on limited and inconclusive evidence of cancer In laboratory animals. The second hunan health criterion Is the toxicity potential. As stated In the discussion paper, the toxicity potential scores can range from a minimum of 1 to a maximum of 15. The focus of the listing process was to Identify those substances which present a potential hazard ". . . from low-level, chronic exposure to toxic air contaminants." (Section 9.5) To this end, the systemic toxicity portion of the toxicity potential score was intentionally weighted to contribute a maximum of 9 out of the 15 points possible. Substances with a toxicity potential score of below 6 were not considered for listing at this time. To aid In understanding the basis for the cutoff point of 6.0 for the toxicity potential scoring, the following ana /sis Is presented. In order to ensure that chemicals emitted In low level amounts causing chronic health effects are included on the list, the systemic toxicity score must be closely examined. A hypothetical score can be constructed such that the acute lethality and subacute toxicity scores are at their minimum levels (0 and 1, respectively, indicating low likelihood of Imnedlate human health effects from high level exposures). Thus, the decision to Include or not Include the substance for listing would be determined by the systemic toxicity score. In examining the systemic toxicity score, both the severity of effects and the lowest toxic dose scores must be considered. Regarding the severity of effects scoring, the protection of category I organs Is definitely warranted. This corresponds to a minimum systemic severity of effects score of 5.0. The lowest toxic dose score Includes the values 1, 2, 3, and 4. When these lowest toxic dose numbers are multiplied by the severity of effects score of 5.0 and the sum multiplied by .25, they yield *Jta1 systemic toxicity scores of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75, and 5.0, respectively Because Section 9.5 emphasizes low-level, chronic exposures, the lowest dose score of 4.0 was selected for the hypothetical substance. SL 064824 Appendix C Ranking of Organs for Systemic Toxicity Scoring Category I - Includes organs, the impairment or loss of which Is fatal and usually cannot be compensated for. Also includes gonads, loss of which prevents reproduction. Lungs, Heart, Central Nervous System (Braln/Splnal Cord), Kidneys, Liver, Bone Marrow, Gonads Category II - Includes organs whose loss or Impairment may be fatal, but which can be compensated for by drug or replacement therapy. Also includes organs, the Impairment or loss of which indicates an adverse effect on Inune function or hematopoietic function which may be life threatening. Adrenals. Thyroids. Parathyroids. Pituitary, Pancreas. Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Lymph Modes, Spleen, Thymus, Trachea, Pharynx, Urinary Bladder, Skin Category III . Impairment or loss of any of these organs Is not life threatening but may result in severe functional or emotional handicaps. Accessory reproductive organs (Oviduct, Epididymides, Uterus. Prostate, Seminal Vesicle, Ductus Oeferens, Penis, Vagina), Eyes, Bone, Nose, Peripheral Nerves, Muscles. Urinary Bladder, Blood Vessels, Ear, Gallbladder, Larynx, Mammary Gland. Salivary Glands, Tongue, Teeth, Ureter, Urethra SL 064823 fM No, I I Date: OS/n/* Che*leal I 1,2.4-Trtnethylbentene 1 I,J-tutadten* 3 1.4-Dioaoe t 2.4 ,4-TtIni trot-)luene J 2.4-D * 2-Hitropheno) T 1-Hitropropane 4.4`-blaalnodlphenyl ether t 4,4*-Hethylenc disolilne 10 4,4'-Hethylenebla(X,X-dInethyl) |l 4-Hltrnphenol 12 Acrylaalde )] Acrylic acid 14 Acrylonitrile 15 Alkylated lead ctaapouada It Aniline 17 Araealc and coaywadt 10 Asbestos (friable) 10 bettxene 30 6cnsa(a)pyrene 11 Stphr; : ! ii Boron oorlde 11 Catkaiu* oapounil 34 Caprolac IS Carbon die, 11 Carbon tetrachloride 17 Chiordaae _ ii Chlorinated iibeasodtoxins IS Chlorinated dlbenrofurana JO Chloroforn 31 Chroalua and coapounds 13 Coal tar voiatiiea il Cobalt and coapounds 34 Quant hydroperoxide IS Cyclohexanone 14 bbT li Olti-ethylhexylt phthalate it blbutyl phthalate is bieldrlo 40 hlnethyi sulfate 41 blaethylaulne 42 Cplchlorohydrln 4i Ethyl acrylate Appendix E OptlonlAir Toxics List CAS Nuaber ... Source Total talas. ton/yr. 000093-ti-t iii 362.93 000104-99-0 JO, 1CPA 73.90 oooni-Si-i ii3, iepa t.3t 00011S-94-7 IEPA 1.40 OOOOS4-73-7 313, ItPA <0.01 000000-73-3 313 13. SO " 066673-44-1 ilf--lEPA 73.do 000101-00-4 313 0.1S oodioi-ti-s liina-i " <6.6i 000101-tl-l 313 9.09 dooioo-ol-i iii 1.10 000079-04-1 iii, liPA, sichic <0.01 0607936-7 "iiJTT&A it.70 000107-13-1 313, IEPA 29S.it Ijc ooooti-ii-i -sii. liPA 10.lt " 007440-30-1 '" iii.lEPA, SSChtc 1.1S 001331-21-4 313 0.00 000071-43-1' lii.liPA. italic 47t.iT 000030-31-0 1JC o6eo31-Sl-i ill, ltfA 4.11 007ti7-0i-l IBPA ' <o.oi domo-ii-1 iii, 1Ipa,~sEcKIc ' i.ii oootos-te-l itri IS. 30 oooof5-15-6 m; ttn-------- liiS.43 oooosi-ii-S iii. liri. sickle ail 6o6oi7->4-5' "Iff"--------------- " d:u lie lie------- ------ OOOOti-U-3 313. ISM; sickle 66)446-47-1 -sunt**; sisfcic toiotl-iM 6674*0-41-4 MOOBO-ii-S 666I6I-S4-1 1.4t 11.45 13.3S l.ai i.si 0.31 OOOOiO-lS-i 600117-61-7 111 2.It 000004-74-2 000046-57-1 000077-70-1 000124-46-3 OOOI66-6S-6 000140-66-5 513 tic------JU.tePA ItPA-----313, I6M, StChtc 313, tm. SlChlc 1.23 0.30 <6.01 t.tl 4.31 Hun. Pacll. ii 7 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ii t 3 4 2 11 1 0 t 1 3 12 Cancer Poten. - PHC PMC - Me PHC PHC PHC PHC - Me _ OK sac ------ toxicity potehtiaL scoui--------Acute Subacute Syatealc Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity Total --------i 02 1 13 2 'M * *--*~r J | 2 2_ J ~ ~ 4.56 136 j.50 3.56 136 3.30 t.oo io.oo J.7I -- 7.75 ' (.60 1.66 ~ (760 ' i;h 1.25 5.15 4.66 -- 6.66 6.66 " i.6o ' 6766 1766-- 4.56 Si56 " '2.66 '"7766 " 7.00 31766' -- - - - |---- 5715 1 "J.6I - 1.56 | (.60' ill 6.66 4.16 6760----- - (775 "16.75 - ~ (.66 ' 11.66 ' mb r-* fn. Me 3.00 00 nc !KT ~*:w ftnc 6:66" JW too i;ta 3.30 " '(730 '3.13" l.H PHC 6 } (.66 6.66'"' ------- - O . ---- 2 .... t.oo 0.00 -- PNC 1 -1 PNC 2 -1 J 1.23 3.23 ------ 3.30 ~ (.30 ------------ - 1 t.so 6.30 ---- 3.00 ' t.oo ---------- SL 064826 This results In a total systealc toxicity score of 5, and a total toxicity potential score of 6. The couplet* explanation of the scoring Is presented below. LOWEST POSSIBLE TOXICITY POTENTIAL PROTECTING CATE60RY I ORGANS Actue Lethality Score (see page 11) Subacute Toxicity Score (see page 12) Systealc Toxicity Score (0.25 x 5 x 4) Severity of Effects (see page 13) 5 Lowest Toxic Oosc (see page 13) 4 Lowest Toxicity Potential Score 0 1 *5 ___ 6 SL 064825 h| Ho. : J Dot:_OS/ll/*4' Option 1 Air Tonics tl>t Rotesi ChenIcal - Chenleal or cnnpaand nana CAS Nunber - Chemical Abstract# Sarvlca Nunhir Source - Source of cheatcel (SAMliJlaveatory. lUlnola ETA Air To*lea Inventory,, International Joint Caanlaalei Llat. or _ Southeast Chicago Inventory) _ __________ Total Bnlaslons Tone per year of chealcal enltted In llllnola Nunber of facilltiea - Rubber ot facilities reporting" ealaslona ot this chenlcal inlet SARA 311 or to 1CM........................ Cancer toten. -'Cancer potential ' Sea teat tor^ definition of teraM __ ' Acute toajclty - See teat tor definition of teraa^ Subacute Tonicity - See teat for definition ot terns Systealc Tonicity - See teat tor definition ot terns Total--"Se# teat tor definition of terns SgS SSSSS S 3338S S 3- g3SgS8SSgg gSg Pace Ho.i 1 Daie.M/17766 Mo. Cbeulcel U 43 44 it ~ 11 49 "50 51 51 31 54 S3 ' 56 3? SO 33 60 61 61 61 64 63 66 4T 60 6* TO _ 11 11 14 15 ' 16 11 _ 1* 19 Ethylene Ethylene dlcblortde Ethylene oxide Fluorine Porualdehyde"' He rechlorobenzene Re rich1orocyclopentadlane hydrazine Hydroten floorIda 1aobutyraldehyde Lead and confounda Maleic anhydride Mercury He thy1 nethacrylate Methylene chloride He thyleneb1a(phenyllaocyanate) Hirer Holybdenun t riot Ida n-tutyl alcohol Nickel and caapmdi Nitric acid p-Creaidlne p-0ichiorobentene Peracetic acid Phenol Phoaphoma Polychlorinated biphenyla (PCHal Se lea liar and ebapounde Sodiua fluoride Sulfuric acid te t rich! o iroethy line toluene-1.i-dlieocyeaate Toxaphehe" trIchloroefbylene Vinyl'chloride Vinyltdene chloride .r ilptlM 1 Air TorIce tliF CAS Huaber Source Total Eolae. ton/yr. 000014-03-1 313. IKPA 2720.60 000101-06-2 313. IKPA 16.00 000013-21-a "in; im; sichu 173.09 001161-41-4 IMP* " - 0.47 000030-00-0 313, TREAT UChlc 67.61 0001II-T4-1 IJC 000011-41-6 ~3nrtm-------- 0.21 000102-01-2 313-------- --- 0.34 001664-39-3 " JIJTTKPA.................. 67.02 000016-64-1 313 1.03 061639-93-1 111,101" 27.34 666106-31-6 313. IKPA-------- 251.OK 001439-91-6 ljcnu. im 0.13 000000-41-6 311. IKPA--------- 9.20 000013-09-2 ju. im; SBChic 13K4.30 000101-66-6 313. IKPA 26.30 001113-63-3 IJC 001311-21-3 31) 0.43 000071-36-3 313. IKPA 612.19 001440-02-0 313, IKPA, KBChlc 14.39 001697-31-2 313. IKPA 09.03 000110-71-0 313 0.14 000106-46-7 313. IKPA 390.11 0000T9-2I-0 313 0.23 000100-93-2 313. IKPA 130.01 007723-14-0 313 1.23 001336-36-1 - we. man* <0.01 007712-49-I 313. IKPA 0.30 007601-49-6 IKPA 0.42 007664-93-9 313. UN 162.70 000127-10-4 313; IKPA. RKCklc 736.94 000364-04-9 000001-33-2 000079-61-6 313. IKPA 3.00 IJC---------- --------- 313. im, SCChlc 1901.00 000073-01-4 313'. IKPA 69.14 000073-33-4 313. IKPA 4.13 pocii. 14 2 13 1 29 1 3 11 1 47 9 1 17 74 12 1 43 29 47 1 2 1 24 2 1 1 1 120 36 11 71 2 1 -raicirr ponarmc Cancer tnct MmcuU Syat Ic Potea. toxicity foil Ity Toalclty Total _ PKC PMC -" PKC 3.90 H.00 J.TJ l.TJ ~ MO ` II. N i: * 0.00 5. ------- ) ' ' 7.DO n: PKC 6.00 121 - ' "1.30 " 6. - 1 4.30 ' 6. PKC * "'6.00 9. - 3 1.30 6. - .........'J 6.00 '"9. - 1 4.30 ' 6. PKC | ' 1.75 " 3. - 1 2.00 6. - EMC - PKC PKC - J.TJ l.TJ 1.30 1.30 0.00 1.T3 3.23 6.73 3.00 T. ' 0. 4. 0. 2. 4. 9. 10. 9. - 3.00 9. 3.00 10. - 0.00 11. PKC 1.30 3 - 6.00 12. PKC 4.30 6 EMC 1 30 7 - 4.30 T SL 064827 rMi-ggjj--i-- Oatai 05/Iff* iw<U r Optioa 1 >1> fwltl iUt cknieil tur Balsa. CAS iairc* ` Toa/yr. raeii. 1 1,2.4-Triaethylbaaaaaa I 1,1-Butadlene 3 1,4-Dioxane 1 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluaae 5 1-Mitroytienol i 2-Hitropropana 000033-41-4 000104-33-0 oeotis-H-r oooiid-94-f 444444-71-3 000071-44-4 ill ---Sis. liPT 313, TEH-- * ICPA 313* SIS. IBM---------- 142.41 ii 73.10 7 I.H ' i.id i 'll.M..... fS.Oo i 1 I t 10 11 12 13 jt 13 II If 10 14 10 11 21 23 (,4'-Metiiyieaebie{R7fl-dtactbyl} tantaaaaaioa 4-Oltropfeeoal Acrylic icil Acryloalttlie Alkylated hAn11in* Arsenic aa* Aaboatos (friable) ItniiM 0*nxo<e)pyrene Blphaoyl Boroa trifluorida Cadaii sad c> Caprolectaa Carbon distil fids Carbon ta tract)lorIda ChIordans ~ oMiti-si-r Ml i.ln oooioo-oi-7 HI--------------------- t.io t M0f-l=T 3I37TI*E --34774....... 11 000107-11-1 HI, iiii '" in.04 4 ~13C------------ ----- " 004441-31-1 HI. HfT------------- UK 3 ` M7U6-II-1 Hin4r*4i*li` ' l.M 4 Odll32-2t-4 III---------------- i.U 444471-43-1 J13.1IH;tfcbli 474.37 11 000030-12-4 iic 604441-Sl-l SiS7 IBM '4.41 f 007431-47-1 Ufi - <4.01 1 HUU-IM - 313 r ibpa; iichic 1.41 5 444143-44-1 UH7 11.10 1 444473-15-1 sumps----------- llfS.4S 000034-is-3 til, Ufi. IfChic 1.11 3 000037-14-3 HI 4.44 1 ` 24 Chlorlostad dibaasodloxlas DC 1) Cklorlaatad dibentofuraas 24 Chlorofora if Chroaiua aad ebayouada id Coal tar volatile# 13 Cobalt Mid compound* 000047-44-1 003440-47-3 OOOOOf-43-1 007440-40-4 ue "..... hi, tin. Isaac MinmncHic" ton....... ............ 111. IBM............. 1.44 11.43 ll.'l* 1.44 1 44 1 3 30 00t 51 bHl-etbylbexyl) ybthalate 000030-11-3 1JC 000117-11-7 Jll " ~1.K 52 Olbutyi pfathelate 31 bleldrln 34 tplchlorohydrlo 33 Ithyl acrylate 34 ethylene 3) tthylene diet)lor Ida 000004-74-1 " HI 1.15 000040-37-1 DC---------- ------- 000104-M-O 313. im; SBCKIc 4.41 000140-10-3 313, lux; sickle 4.11 000074-03-1 313, IBOA 1714.44 000107-04-1 313. UPA 14.44 4 1 11 14 1 30 ethylene oxide 33 Foraaldehyda UO0075-21-4 313, IBPA, IftCfclc 173.01 000030-00-0 313, 1EPA, SBChic 47.44 11 21 40 Hcxachlorobentana 000110-74-1 ue 41 Hexechlorocyclopentadiene 000077-47-4 31 J. TCM 0.21 1 42 Hydrazine 41 Hydrogen fluoride 000302-01-1 JIS 007664-39-3 31 j; IBPA 0.34 47.02 3 11 " - wail--" Caacer icut*__Subacute Byatealc Pota*. Toxicity Tomiclty"Toxicity fatal .. PMC PMC' - Me ' PMC " - Pmc ' J ----------1 -- t;#" T.' --------- 1..... . JTW" " J.W 1 t 1 1 " ----------|1 1 JH 3754 4.44--14.44 4.44 1.00 - --------- r -- '4744" r.or 1" ----------- 12---------- 0.001.00 ~4.44 ' 9744 3_JJ 1 --------- Tr--------- r.ub IM--11744 ------- . Me BMC KMC .. 1#. 4 0 -------- f--- 5.15 --4715----- ---------- --------- j3 --------. 3 44 ' 4 44 1.54" -*73r" 4.04 4:00 -- -------------- - 1 -.....3....... 4.75 - 14773 .......... PNC 1 3 " ---------- ,3 ------- t.M 11.44 ---------------5.44 '117WT - 3 1 '... - j3'--------- 4.44 T704 - 4.44 -14704 ------------- PMC 4 1 5.33 *5.75 ------- PNC 1 4.04_ 13.44 ----- -- PMC KR rHO 3o4 1 3.44 ............ 33 --.-.-- 3'.00 " 4.00 O.bv 3700--- -- ------ -4 3 6.00 9.00.............. - TCC *- 4 *4* " ------ 21-------* ---- ' 4:wr --4700------------4.00 0.00 --- *"* -- -------- ----- PMC 1 2 4.50 0.30 ------- - 1 ` *' *...... 3.00 4.00 ........ * PNC 0 1 .... 1j 7.00 0.04 ----- 1.73 - 6.73 ---------------- FHC J 1 6.00 11 00 PHC 1 3 0.00 5.00 *3 PHC 3 2 3 7.00 11.00 1 6.00 12.00 3 1.30 6.30 -------- SL 064 fagc Mo.i 1 --siF^rmrmn------; ~" '" ___ ~ " uppsainr Option 2 Air to* lea Tie! Ho. Ckealcul 44 1aobutyraIdehyde 41 Usd mid roapounrti 44 Maleic anhydride *7 Hercury 4S Methyl methacrylate 4* Methylene chloride 10 Hrlhy)enebl*<phenylIsocyanate) SI Mire* 11 n-0utyl alcohol 51 Michel end coupoonda 14 Nitric acid 15 p-D1ch1orobearene 94 Phenol 11 Phosphorus IS Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCSa) ST Sulfuric arid 40 Tctrachloroethylane SI To1 Metre-1,4 -d11 eocyanate 41 Toiapheoe 43 Trichloroethylene 44 Vinyl chloride 41 VinylIriene chloride CAS Munber 000070-04-2 001414-42-1 000100-11-4 M1414-41-4 000000-41-S 000011-04-2 000101-40-S 002103-03-3 000011-14-1. 001(40-02-0 001441-11-1 OOOIOS-44-1 000100-41-2 oomi-14-o 0S1114-14-1 002444-41-4 000121-10-4 000104-04-4 000001-19-2 000014-01-4 000019-01-4 000079-19-4 Source Total Cnles. Ton/yr. 111 111. IBPA 111, ICPA 1JC. 111. UFA 111. 1BPA 311. UFA. Static 311. UFA UC 111. IBPA ' 111. ICPA. SSChlc 111. IBPA 111, IBPA 111. IBPA 111 1JC. SBChtc 911. IBPA 311. ISPA, SSChlc 311, IBPA IJC 313. till, SBChtc 313. IBPA 313. IBPA 1.01 27.54 251.OS 0.25 4.20 13S4.10 24.5S 412.14 14.34 S4.03 34S.11 I5S.S3 1.29 <0.01 1*2.70 754.44 5.00 1401.00 44.14 4.39 Nun. Fee 11. 1 47 9 1 17 74 12 41 29 47 2 24 2 1 120 14 11 71 2 1 --roxicirr rornmal scouts Cancer Acute Subacute Syetentc Poten. Toxicity Tonicity Toxicity Ttotei | me o 0 PMC 1 3 1 4.9* 4.50 3 4.00 4.00 1 1.90 4.30 3 4.00 9.00 1 4.90 4.30 1 1.75 3.73 1 2.00 4.00 t KMC 0 J PMC 2 J 3 1 4.79 4.79 3 1.90 4.90 2 1.30 4.90 1 1.73 4.73 2 4.73 10.73 3 1.00 9.00 *1 PMC 1 3 pac i KMC 2 3 4.00 11.00 1 1.90 1.10 3 4.00 12.00 1 4.90 4.90 2 3.30 7.9* 2 4.90 7.90 Motcat Chenlcal - Chenlcal or coapmmd nine CAS Muadier - Chealcal Abatracta Service taker Source - Source of chenlcal ISAU SIS Inventory. Illlooia SPA Air foalca Inventory liitemallooal Joint ConoleeIon Lint, or Soulbeaut Chicago Inventory) Cancer Toten. - Cancer potential See tent for definition of terna Acute Toxicity - See tent for definition of tens 8abocutc Toxicity - See tent for definition of torn Syetentc Toxicity - See text for definition of tense Total CateeIona - tone per year of chenlcal anItted la Illlooia Total - Sea text for definition of terns Xtmber of facilities - Hunber of facilities reporting enlaslons of this cbenlcel under SARA 313 or to IBPA NWS. Opt?.rep SL 064829 S8 h|< No.: 1 ---------- oprrarr jnrrssici List No. Chcalcal At Hires AS n-Butyl alcohol AS Niche 1 and coa|>ounds 47 Nitric acid At p-01ch1ornbenirne AS Fhenol SO Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCIs) SI Sulfuric acid SI Tet rschloroet h>] me S3 Toluene~I.A-d11aocyanate SA Toaaphene SS Trichloroethylene St Vinyl chloride CAS Number Source Total Bales. Toa/yr. 0023SS-BS-S 000071-30-3 007i10-01-B M7MMI-1 OOOIM-At-T eooioa-es-2 001330-3H-3 00I00A-03-0 000111-10-A 000304-0A-0 000001-35-1 000074-01-0 OOOOTS-Ol-4 IJC 313. 1EPA 313, IBM. SEChlc 313. IBPA 313. IBPA 313. 1EPA IJC, SEChlc 313. IBPA 313. IBPA, SEChlc 313, 1EPA IJC 313, IBPA, SEChlc 313, IBPA 111.11 14,30 00.03 300.11 ISO.03 <0.01 102.70 730.04 3.00 1001.00 00.14 Nua. Pacil. 43 20 47 2 24 1 120 30 11 71 2 -------TOXICITT POTENT IAL SC0HB! Cancer Acute Subacute Syatenlc Poten. Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity Total -1 BBC 0 -3 PNC 2 -2 1 4.73 0.73 3 1.30 4.30 2 1.50 0.30 1 1.73 4.73 2 0.73 10.73 -2 3 0.00 11.00 PHC 1 ' 1 1.30 3.30 -3 3 0.00 12.00 - PHC 1 BBC 2 1 4.30 0.30 2 3.30 7.30 Votes: Chcalcal - Chealeal or coapound mat CAS Number - Chemical Abstracts Service Number Source - Soutce of dmkal (SAM 313 lrMtlorj, llllaola EPA Air Toalca Inventory, International Joint ConnIat ton List, or Southeast Ctiicsfo Inventory!1 1 Emissions - Tons per year of chcalcal saltted la 111Inola Nimher of lac(litlea - Humber of facilities reporting ealaalooa of this chemical under SAHA 313 or to IBM Cancer Ntw. - Cancer potential See text for definition of terms Acute Toxicity - See text for definition of terms Subacute Toxicity - See text for definition of terae Systemic Toxicity - See text for definition of terae Total - See text for definition of terms HKS. Opt3.rep si* Pane Hn.: 1 B.rerovmi* Appendix P No. dualcal i 1.1,4-TrlaethyIbeatene i 1 ,1-Butadlene i 1, 4-Dioxene t 2-Nltrophenol 5 2-ttltrapropnae 6 4,4' -HtthrlnwblslNJ-illMtkrl) beaceneaalne 7 berylIc acid a Acrylonitrile 9 Alkylated lead coapounds 10 Aniline 11 Araenlc and coapounde 12 Aabeetoa (friable) n Oeniene i Bento(a)pyrene it B1 pheny1 16 boron trlfluoride 17 Cadatua and coapounds ia Caprolactaa 19 Carbon disulfide 30 Carbon tetrachloride 31 Chiordone 32 Chlorinated dlbeaindloalaa 31 Chlorinated dlbcarofurana 24 Chloroforn 31 Chronlua and coapounde 36 Coal tar volatilea 37 DDT 28 Dl(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 29 Dl'ldrin 10 Eplchlorohydrln 11 Ethvlene 12 Ethylene dlchlorlde 13 Ethylene oxide 14 Furaaldehyde 15 Rrxach1orobeniene 16 Hexachlorocyclopentadlene 17 H\ ilmz 1 n'1 IS Hydrogen fluoride 39 lend mtd coufKiund^ 40 Hslelc anhydride 41 Mercury 47 Methylene clilo* ile 4t1 Helhy lenehls(|>hrny 1 i sucynn-rl e ) CAS Huaber Source Total Ealaa. Ton/yr. 900095-61-6 000106-99-0 000121-91-1 000000-75-5 000079-46-9 000101-61-1 000079-10-7 000107-11-1 000062-51) 007440-30-3 001)32-21-4 000071-4)-3 000050-12-1 000092-52-4 007617-07-2 007440-41-9 000105-60-2 000073-15-0 000036-21-5 000037-74-9 000067-46-1 007440-47-) 000007-45-2 000050-29-3 000117-91-7 900069-37-1 000106-99-9 000074-95-1 000107-06-2 000075-21-0 000050-00-0 000118-74-1 000077-47-4 000102-01-7 007b64-19-1 007419-92-1 000108-11-6 007419-97-6 00007 i-09 2 000101-68-8 311 113. IEM 313, TEM 31) 31). 1EM 313 31), lEHT 313. IEPA IJC 313, tm 313;- IEPA; SEChlc 313 313, IDI. SEChld IJC 31). IEM 1EM----------313, IBM, SEChlc IEM 313. IEPA 31), IEPA, SEChlc 313 IJC IJC 313, IEPA, SEChlc 313; IEPA, SEChlc IEPA IJC 313 IJC 31), IEPA, SEChlc 313, IEPA 31). IEPA 313, IEPA. SEChlf 311. IEPA. SEChlc IJC 313, IEPA 311 111. IEPA 11). IEPA 311. IEPA IJC, 31), IEPA HI, IEPA. 5EChlc 111, IEPA 362.95 73.90 6.36 13.50 73.00 9.09 36.70 290.06 20.26 1.35 0.00 676.37 4.01 <0.01 1.63 19.20 1105.45 0.12 0.44 1.46 21.45 13.39 2.26 4.42 2720.60 16.00 175.09 67.60 0.20 0.54 67.07 27.54 251.00 0.25 1104.50 26.58 Hua. Pacll. 11 7 1 1 1 1 11 6 1 2 21 7 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 44 2 8 3 14 2 1) 29 t 3 11 47 9 1 74 12 lmnCITT POTENTIAL SCONES----- " Cancer Acute Subacute Spatcalc Poten. Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity Total - PNC PNC PNC PNC PNC KMC ' ' me KNC - 1 0 1 3 1 0 3 2 *i 2" '0 " ' 0 0 1 2 2 1 3 2 2 4.50 3.50 3.50 6.00 6.00 0 00 2.00 7.00 6.50 5 50 3.50 9.00 9.00 1.00 ' 7.00 12.00 5.25 3.00 1.50 6.00 9.25 ' 6;oo 6.50 0.00 ' -1 -2 PNC 3 -3 -1 PNC 0 PHC 2 6.75 - 10.75 6.00 11.00 5.00 11.00 3 o.w 6 00 2 7.00 10.00 2 3.75 5.75 3 0.00 13.00 PNC me me PNC me - PNC PNC PHC PNC PNC PRC ~ 3 0 0 0 2 0 1 2:-` 2 3 3 2 0 2 0 1 3 2 3 00 0.00 3 3.00 0.00 3 0.00 3.00 2 6.00 0.00 2 4.30 0.30 1 " 7.00 0.00 j 3.75 6.75 3 0.00 11.00 3 0.00 5.00 3 7.00 13.00 3 6.00 12.00 I 1 40 6 SO 1 6 00 9.00 1 1.50 6.50 1 6.00 9.00 1 t 75 1 75 1 2 00 4.00 SL 6483l ri mo i i Hate: 05117/SV ipaiiT No. 44 Toxaphene 41 Trlchlorov 44 Vinyl chloride Notes) Cheatcal CAS Ruaber 000001-II-Z 000079-01-4 000075-01-4 SoufcO ' TMel Calaa. Ton/yr. ijc -- III. IEM, SECktc 1901.00 111. ICM 49.14 Hum. Facll 71 2 Cancer Poten. PHC me ----TOXICITY POTHtTlAL HJWH5 Acute Subacute Syeteatc Tonic UP Toxicity Toxicity Tdfil - ... 1 3 . .. j1 - 4.10 3.50 -- 4.50 7; 50 Cheaical - Cheatcal or compound nae CAS Ruaber - Ckealcal Abstract* Service Mber Source - Source of cheatcal (SAM 113 liVeotbry, Illinois CM Air Toxic* Inventory, International Joint Coaalaalbn Hit, or Southeaat Chicago Inventory) Canc4r'Wt*4; - Chieif JntiiitUl See teat lor definition of teras Acute Toxicity - See tent for definition of teras Subacute Tonicity - See teat for deflaltlaa of teraa Sjratsale Toxicity - See text for definition of teraa total Missions Tone per year of cheaical eaitted In Illlnoia Total ='Se* Text for definition of teraa - - -......... -- Rubber or ficlllt lea - Ruaber of ncllltlM HfUtU| eaiaaloaa of thl* cbeaical iinder SAM HI or to IETA tm. opt*-tap sL Pa#* Ho.i 1 Bala. 05/17/09------------------------------------ " -------------- ' -------- HgBM ' Ho. ileal 1 1,2,4-Tr laetbylbeascaa 1 1.3-Outedlene 1 MltttfMMl 1 2-Ollrdprdpane "V 1 Acrylodltrll* - 7 XlkJrlMCM lead cnaRntMItl Aniline Arltnlt Ibt ttk#oMd 10 Aabeetoe (friable) 11 Icittil 12 IrntaCalpgrriM 11 Biphenyl U Cadnlta and ronffoenda 11 Caprolactan It Carbon dlaalfId* 17 Cblorlaalad dtbaaaodlodlna 10 Chlorinated dlbanaafaran* 10 ChrdatuM and coapoaada 20 Coal tar volatllaa 21 DOT 22 blaldrt* 21 ttbflMO 24 BtbylaM* dfttlottdb - 2i stxrtbM~nd 2t Foraaldtbyd* ' ~ 27 WliattraMHHH ' 20 MNH fluotlda * 29 UU thd~TnHBBbdi JO nuie aAhydrldt II HPfWitf............................. 32 HethyIJ-f16fl4* .............. MtnyuHMi*(i4t*l untyaaat*) 3t Hires --------33 H'Ntfi'neoxBi------- It II letel thdcoatuuMa -37 Hllflf RIO 11 p-Olchlorobentene 19 pimmi to Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCHs) t| Solrut1c acid 17 Tetrachloroethylene 41 TolUene-2,t-dI Isocyanate ..................blu. .CIS HuaMl .......... ... WHI.----------- Ton/_y_r.-- 000093-0-4 313-------------- - 000104-99-0 31). IBP* 000000-13-3 313 ----------------- 000079-44-9 313.~ IBM" 000079-10-7 -iisritn-------000107-13-1 313. im "1JC - - - - - 342.95 73.90 13.30 73.00 -- '30.70 290.04 000042-33-3 3i3<- im 20.24 007440-30-2 113," I0A; SBChlc 1.23 001332-21-4 313..................... 0.00 000071=43=1" - siimrirmu 474.37 000030-32-0 IJC 000092-32-4 si), lora ---------- 4.01 007440-43-9 313'. lEPAi SCChlc 1.43 000103-40-1 UPA - 19.20 000073-1S-0 313. lift 1103.43 UC uc 007440-47=3 innm.Hpchic 21.43 000007-43-2 un 000030=29=3 * -uc-- ----------- - 13.39 000040-37=1 IJC 000074-03-1 313, un - 2720.40 000107-04-2 313. un - 14.00 000073-21-0 si); irr*; mate 173.09 000030-00-0 sis. iEPA;-ncki<! 47.40 000110-74=1 - tJC........................... --- 007444-39-3 '313. tIPA 47.02 007439=92-1 313; 1BPA - 27.34 000100=31-0 313, IBPA 231.00 007439=97-0 ~ ucrsis; nn-- ' 0.23 000073-09-2 313,-upa; mate 1304.30 000101-40-0 -313. IBPA - 24.30 002303-03-3 IJC 000071=34-3 313,-un----------- 412.19 007440-02-0 313, UPA, SBCble 14.39 007497-37-2 31). IBPA - - 49.0) 000104-44-7 313. 1EPA 390.11 000100-93-2 31). ton-- 130.03 0013)4-34-1 IJC. SECktc <0.01 007444-93-9 31), TEPA -- 102.70 000127-10-4 31). 1EPA. SBCHIC 734.94 000304-04-9 313." IBP*' s.oa Hum. CdAcAr teUt 'MkHWl ' SJrMMlt----------------------- *,_P_n_c_ll_. ____M__e__*i:. 'lWfUr 1WltHy~TMigt| IWBl------------- s&^sa - 11 - 1 4:30 "4:30 7 1 PHC * 0 1------------ ' --- J | - ------ - 3.30 3.30------------0.00 - "9.00------------ 1 PHC 1 --------- ---J ........... -4.00- 9.00- 11 * 3 t ' ~ 2.00 -7:00------------- 4 PHC 2 3 -7:00" -12.00- 3 _ 2' ------ ' s-------- 3:23 - 9.2$-------- 4 BMC 0 ') j 3.00 4.00 " " 2 BMC 0 ' 1.30 4.30- ------- 21 BMC Q .... - r-- .4:00 -o.oo-------------- 2 X1 3 PHC 3 1 -3 3 1 j -- ) **' 3 2 0:73 ' 3.00 0.00 7.00 10.73 11.00 4.00 10.00 44 SBC 0 -- J 3700 ' -0r00----------- 2 nc 0 . --- 0.00 3.00 -------- 14 0 - - - -| ------- 7.00 0.00 --- 2 nc 1 1) PHC ' 2 *3 - 3.73 *4.73 4.00 11.00 29 PHC 2 0.00 3.00 11 - 2 3 1.30 4.30 42 9 1 me . 2#------- 33 *' - 3 ----- 4.00 9.00 1.30 4.30 -- -- 4.00 -- 9:00--------- 74 PMC f * -j 1:73 3.73 12 " V'1 ..... 2.00 4.00 43 * 1 29 roc 0 47 - 3 2 PHC 2 24 2 1 120 _2 34 PHC 1 11 - 3 4.73- 0.73 ~ 1.30 4.30 1.30 4.10 ' i 1.73 4.73 2 4.73 10.73 3 4.00 11:00 1 1.30 3.30 3 4.00 12.00 SL 064833 Cancer Potential - None of the four sources referenced In the ancer Potential Section Identify 1,1,1-Trlchloroethane as a carcinogen. It Is ranked by USEPA as a Class 0 chemical, which signifies Inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity In laboratory animals. Toxicity Potential - One animal study using 1,1,1-Trlchloroethane resulted In some mlcropathologlc changes In the liver and lungs when the animals were exposed to vapors containing 1,000 ppm. This data results In a systemic toxicity score of 3.0. The toxicity potential <core Is as follows: Acute Lethality Score Subacute Toxicity Score Systemic Toxicity Score J ) Total Toxicity Potential Score Hydrochloric Acid - CAS 0 7647-01-0 This chemical Is a potent pulmonary Irritant and according to the SARA 313 1987 data, 932.7 tons per year are emitted In Illinois. Cancer Potential -- Hydrochloric Acid Is not considered to be a carcinogen by ary of the four sources referenced In the Cancer Potential Section. Toxicity Potential -- Some authorities attribute no chronic effects to exposure to Hydrochloric Acid. However, there 1$ evidence that the Inhalation of Hydrochloric Acid can Increase the susceptibility of some Individuals to pulmonary infections. These data result In a systemic toxicity score of 1.5. The toxicity potential score Is as follows: Acute Lethality Score Subacute Toxicity Score Systemic Toxicity Score 2.0 2.0 1^5 Total Toxicity Potential Score SL 064836 Hydrogen Cyanide - CAS # 74-90-8 This chemical Is a potent poison In high concentrations and according to the SARA 313 1987 data 1.2 tons per year are emitted In Illinois. Cancer Potential -- Hydrogen Cyanide is not considered to be a carcinogen by any of the four sources referenced In the Cancer Potential Section. Toxicity Potential -- Hydrogen Cyanide Is not generally regarded as having chronic effects. Although, there Is some evidence that Hydrogen Cyanide may produce subjective symptoms, such as weakness or fatlque, at low levels of exposure. These data result In a systemic toxicity score of 1.0. The toxicity potential score 1$ as follows: Acute lethality Score Subacute Toxicity Score Systemic Toxicity Score 2.0 2.0 VJ> Total Toxicity Potential Score As the listing process progresses, other such chemicals may be discovered. IEPA Is interested In comments regarding how to consider and Identify such chemicals. SL 064837 APPENDrX J USEPA LIST OF 37 SUBSTANCES 1. Acetaldehyde 2. Acrolein 3. Acrylonitrile 4. Ally! chloride 5. Benzyl chloride 6. 8eryll1um 7. Cadmium 8. Carbon tetrachloride 9. Chlorobenzenes 10. Chloroform 11. Chloroprene 12. Coke oven emissions 13. 0-, M-, P- Cresol 14. P-D1chlorobenzene 15. Dimethyl nltrosamlne 16. Dioxin 17. Eplchlorohydrln 18. Ethylene dlchloride 19. Ethylene oxide 20. Formaldehyde 21. Hexachlorocyclopentadlene 22. Maleic anhydride 23. Manganese 24. Menthyl chloroform 25. Methylene chloride 26. Nickel 27. Nitrobenzene 28. Nltrosomorphollne 29. Perchloroethylene 30. Phenol 31. Phosgene 32. PCB 33. Proplyene oxide 34. Toluene 35. Trichloroethylene 35. VinylIdine chloride 37. 0-, M- P-, Xylene SL 064838 flUS O '09 13'It) i * 4. CICI TOXICOLOGY COMMITTEE Ms. Marian B. Vinegar Quantum Chemical 11500 Northlake Drive P. 0. Box 429550 Cincinnati, OH 45245 Mr. Ricky A. Stackhouse Naico Chemical One Naico Center Naperville, IL 60566 Dr. Shayne Gad G. D. Seahe 4901 Searle Parkway Skokie, IL 60077 Dr. Chris D'AJlienne Morton Thiokol 110 North Wacker Drive Chicago, IL 60606 Dr. Dave Conine Abbott Laboratories Department 539 1400 North Sheridan Road North Chicago, IL 60064 Dr. Bryan Ballantyne Union Carbide Corporation Information Sciences Location P2585 39 Old Ridgeberry Road Danbury, Connecticut 06817-0001 Mr. Randy Farmer Amoco Chemical 200 East Randolph Drive Mail Code 4901 Chicago, IL 60601 Dr. James W. Barnett Manager, Environmental Toxicology Monsanto Company Mail Code A3ND 800 North Lindberg Blvd. St Louis, MO 63167 Tel. 513/530-6104 Fax 513/530-6118 Tel. 312/961-9500, Ext 1702 Fax 312/420-3986 Tel. 312/982-7000 Fax 312/982-4799 Tel. 312/807-2243 Fax 312/807-2101 Tel. 312/937-7416 Fax 312/837-9679 Tel. 203/794-5220 Fax 203/794-5003 Tel. 312/856-4901 Fax 312/856-7584 Tel. 314/694-8158 Fax 314/694-8957 SL 064839