Document j1n8vgV5eGjQ8e9e07aa45M9

HMBB-0009775 / - S\ Air Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc,, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. January 24, 1939. REFERENCES TO RECENT LITERATURE ON INDUSTRIAL DISEASES (A) News Items 1 ST,jn>ARDS FOR ANALYZING DUST CONCENTRATION. Labor Standards, D.S, Dept, of Labor 1, S (November 1938), The American Standards Association has recently authorized its committee on stan dards of permissible atmospheric contamination in work places to develop standards for safe limits of concentration for toxic dusts and gases. This technical com mittee, comprising eminent toxicologists, pathologists und industrial engineers, and set up at tlx request of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, is to review the work of other organizations, to set up specific standards on toxic materials end to furnish physicians and engineers in terested with information on injurious exposure. Dr, Roy R. Jones of the U. S. Public Health Sarvice, is to act as technical socjrotnry of the committee. 2 COUNCIL ON INDUSTRIAL HEALTH. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 111. 2128 (Docember 3, 1938).. The first Annual Congress on Industrial Hoalth sponsored by the American Medioal Association was held January 9 and 10, 1939 p.t tho Palmor Houso In Chicago* On the program were Articles and papers which will be of interest and which will be abstracted in thi3 Bulletin- as they are published. 3 NOMENCLATURE IN INDUSTRIAL HEALTH. J. Ain. Med. Assoc. Hi, 2117-8 (Deoember 3, 1938). Tho language of Industrial hoalth is at pro'sent incapable of full expression with in tho strict confines of scientific terminology. Variations in source and deriv ation of tho usages and idioms has resulted in wido confusion and there Is a need, according to the Council on Industrial Health of the American Medical Association, for a definition of the terms used. To this end the Council proposes to publish a compendium which will define and explain the various terms now in use. 4 SILICOSIS PRIOR TO OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE aCT. Labor Stondarda, U.S. Dept, of Labor 1, 6 (Sept.-Oct. 1938). Affirming a decision in'the circuit court, tho Supreme Court of Michigan recently dismissed a damage suit for deaths from silicosis prior to October 29, 1937, when the State occupational diseaso law wont into effect. The eult, involving eigbt cases of doath from silicosla, claimed negligence on the part of the employer in failing to provide proper ventilation and exhaust systems to remove the allioa dust. Both plaintiffs* and the defendant wore under the State compensation act at the tine the silicosis was contracted, . 3 ENFORCING THE SILICA DUST CODE. Labor Standards, U.S. Dept, of Labor, 1, 15 (Docember 1938), A procedure designed to expedite enforcement of the code for control of allioa dust In rook drilling has been authorized by the New York State Induatrlal Com missioner. Contractors trill bo allowed 10 days to comply with the first order to ( SC-ALL-01755 SCF-ALLF-00565 ft p.i\y{ry.' IMMMSiMi HHBB-0009776 f vr-c e_. ,j c=>. 13 'ey' a <c'= ~ =n ~-S5 References to Recent Literature - 2 provide v.r:: use dust control equipment. If the contractor fails to comply and to continue compliance with the order, tho Labor Department will take a sample of the dust at drilling as evidence, and will prohibit further use of the drills in volved, identifying them with a red tag and will begin prosecution. Where drill ing contracts aro of short duration, arrangements are made for prompt analysis of dust samples. For further details on this code soe Abstract No. 19, this bulletin (B) Papers on Dust. Dust Diseases and.General Industrial Hveiena^ 6 INuUSTRI.l MEDICINE *NE THE MaNUFhCTURER. D.M. Schafer. Ind. Med. 7, 662-4 (Novcmbor 1956). In this short article, the author outlines the work being dono by the Comnitteo on Healthful Working Conditions of the National Association of Manufacturers, Their object is to prcir.cio bettor health measures not only in the larger companies where much has already been dcnc but also to dioser.incte this information to tho smaller industries which do not in many cases have access to it. Their plan is ono of coordination in which they will gather the essential facts from the scientific side of industrial hygiene and propare them so that the industrialist cun sao what they mean and what they car. do fer his factory. 7 DEVELOPMENT OFINDUSTRIAL HYGIENE IN THE UNITED STaTES. J.J. Bloomfield. Am.J. Pub. Health, 28, 1388-97 (December 193B). Industrial hygiene activities have increased tremendously in the past two or three years -ind there are now 26 status having industrial hygiene department*, with 6 others making surveys to determine their needs. The health of industrial employei.a, howovor, is not entirely one of industrial exposure but is closely b.und up with a comprehensive program of general adult health. The author sug gests as a health program a strong industrial hygiene department which can guide and coordinate oxisting public health activities along adult hygiene Uses, 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF INSPECTOR OF FACTORIES kHD WORKSHOPS FOR THE TEAR 1937. H.M. Stationery Office, London (1938), (British). Tho contents of thi3 report, particularly of tho chapter on "Health," should be of special interest. Under a now act, tho hours of employment of young persons is further restricted and it is considerod that more froquont periodic physical examinations should be made of tho younger employees. The number of eases of load poisoning was the lowest since the diseaso became notifiablo but five cases of mercurial poisoning were recorded and tho symptoms aro mentioned in the roport because of their dissimilarity from classical signs. There was an increase in thi number of cases of cplthelionatous ulceration particularly in tar distilling and cotton mule spinning. In tho section dealing with dust, it is noted that the sub stitution of non-siliceous abrasive for sand continues to increase. In the steel industry, bocause of recently inoroasod production, thore was on increased risk of silicosis to men who break down and rebuild Siomen's furnaces* In some plants permanent gangs of men do such work, whoro oxhaust ventilation is difficult to apply, and, because of the heat, respirators are inconvenient to wear. It would appear that the only applicable preventive measure would be in tho substitution of some hornless material for tho silica. 9 REDUCING COST CF WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION IN INDUSTRY. D. Harrington. U.B. Bur. Mines, Inf. Circ. No. 7020 (June 1936). Obtainable from Supt, of Documents, Wash ington, D. C. In many states the cost of workmen's compensation has risen during the past yoar and proposals to increase benefits to employees are boforc the legislatures of many states, which will cause further sharp rises. Also, occupational disoase ( 6^. 0-c :---- 1 R_-. & -S'. .1 References to Recent Literature - 3 compensation will probcbly soon be accorded practically as vide recognition as accident compensation. Industry, therefore, is confronted with the problem of materially higher compensation rates than those of the poBt or present. Although present day compensation laws are not ideal from the standpoint of uil concerned, the relation between employer and injured employee is far more satisfactory than ir. the pi3t. The only feasible method open to industrialists to combat this trend appears to be a rigorous program of accident control. Differential rates fuvoring employers with low accident records exo endorsed ac is an administration of the laws to enable employees to receive practically all of the premiums paid. 10 MECHANIZED SaFETY. S. Walton-Brcvm. Tnns. Instn. Min. Engrs. (London) 95. 202-2CC (Juno 1938). The progress of machine mining during the periods 1924-29, 1930-34 and 1935-35 is 3homr. by the percentages of coal cut by machine during those periods (23,39, and 53 per cent respectively) and by the percentages convoyed during those periods (b, 26 and 45 per cent respectively). Based on tons of cool mined, there has been a reduction of accidents from 1924-29 to 1935-36, but basod on man-shifts the figuros ahjw an increase of accident rate. More coal is minod with loss men, but the accident rate is higher. 11 WORKING IN THE DaRK. rfarren A. Cook. Nat, Safety Nows 39. 24-5 (January 1939). Toxic concentrations of nearly all hazardous gases, dusts and vapors are undotectablc without the* uso of some specific method of determination, A brief out line is giver, of the latest methods in use on the determination of the various impurities of tho atmosphere which are hazardous and it is urged, in oases of doubt as to the concentration, that accurate methods be used to measure them. 12 PROCEDURE IN MAKING A SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION OF DUST INJURY. L. Teloky. Folia med. 23, 23-4 (1937). (Italian). The investigation must always be taken up from the clinical and industrial hygier.point cf view. In dust studies it is necessary to. examine thoroughly all the employees, including x-rays whoro possible. There aro a nvmibor of methods of detecting quartz in lung tiosuo and also for the analysis of dusts for fro sili ca. Dust counts should be made with the recognized instruments. In allergic dust studies it is necossary to list the materials used and the conditions of their application. 13 AIR CONDITIONING AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH., L.D. Bristol. J.An.Med. Assoc. HO, 2142-3 (1938). In a comparison of collected dato on diagnosed illnosses, lasting seven days or more, among 1000 women working ir. air conditioned rooms, it was found that the average Donthly incidanco was slightly higher than that in a control group work ing in pochanlsally ventilated rooms. The avorage days' duration per ease w&b al6o slightly higher in the air conditioned rooms. . 14 DISABLING SICKNESS hMONO MALE INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYEES DURING THE SECOND QUARTER AND THE FIRST HALF OF 1938. W.M. Gafafor and E.S. Frasier. U.S, Public Health Ro- ports , 1910-11 (October 20, 1936). Reports from sick-benofit organizations including 168,233 cole employees showed that rates for illnossos lasting more than a week were 20% lower in the first half cf 1938 than in the samo poriod of 1957 and 13% below the samo periods of the ye.-xs 193o-7. Ncn-industrial injuries remained about tho some. All respir atory disease rate3 were far lowor except that new casos of tuberculosis showed a slight gain. KWB8-0009777 v=$ &J. a es References to Recent Literature - 4 15 REGARDING THE BOOK "LUNG FIBROSIS OF MINERS" BY L. C.'iOZIBR, E. MaRTIN AND A. POLICARD. Magnin. Med. du travail 1J), 97-118 (1938). (French), The three authors who collaborated on the book belong to a group of French phy sicians who hold that silicosis can be diagnosed roentgenologically only with great difficulty and that it can only develop on a preexistont tuberculosis. In France it has still not been included os a compensable disease. Magnin, in an open lettor, criticizes the book and says it only serves to strengthen the views of oxperts in all other countries. It is stated that the authors havo done vio lence to their own facts to strengthen their own views, and it is emphasizod how beneficially the recognition of silicosis as. an industrial disoaso in other coun tries has effected provention itself as is shown by the record in tho South African mines. 16 SILICOSIS; THE PATIENTS. M. Conrozior and I, Magnin. Med. du travail, 10, .173-248 (1936). (French). The authors have observed 1T1 patients, of whom they have 300 x-rays. They pub lish numerous case histories and only a few in the group havo boon complicated by tuberculosis. They present very exact reports and excellent descriptions, all to prove that silicosis is a soparate disease entity caused by dust, which is not necessarily complicated v/ith tuberculosis. Such r.n argument is necessary in France, whore cortain physicians (see proceeding abstract) oppose this view which is accepted elsewhere throughout the world. . 17 THE SILICOSIS RISK IN THE POTTERY INDUSTRY. D.F.K. Bishop. Ceramic Age 52, 146-7 (November 1938). (Reprinted from on article in a British publication.) The author umphasir.os tne importance of the silicosiB risk in the pottery indus try and says that although it haj only recently been made a compensable disease (England, 1929) it hns been wall known in the past as "potter's asthma" and "potter's rot." He discusses tho results of trials in the chinaware scotion in replacing flint by alumina as a bedding raatorial, and reports that one firm found definite advantages. It has boon shown that workers exposed to alumina dust, in some casos for aa long as 39 years, experienced no lung changes. The author re views ten items to be stressed in maintaining good dust control and makes a plea for observance of the'rules in spirit as well os in the letter. 18 SILICOSIS IN THE MONUMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN VIRGINIA. Bureau of Indus trial Hygiene, Virginia Stato Department of Health Bulletin, 23 pp. (1938). Following a preliminary survey of dusty trade3 in Virginia, a more detailed study of the monument industry was conducted. This industry in Virginia consists in a small number of plants which process granito monuments, mostly in open-air planti Tho survey included the determination of dust concentrations and the examination cf about one-half of the workers by X-ray. The dust concentrations found dispellod the idea that out-of-doors work involved no hazard, as they were well above the llmltB in nearly all casus. Tho total dust oxpesures of the workers was difficult to estimate howovor, because of the irregularity of their duties and variability of the types of work. The X-ray examinations disclosed that about 25 per cent of the 45 workers exeminod had involvement of the lungs from tho silica dust; 8 of the men were diagnosed as having silicosis and 3 as having silicosis complicated with infection. On the basis of theso findings, recommen dations (which ar listed in tho bullotin) wore made to the industry on control measures to reduce tho dust concentrations to safe limits. 19 SILICA DUST EXPOSURE OF ROCK DRILLERS IN NE.Y YORK QUARRIES. L.Greenburg, C.B. Ford, A.J, Eurke and B.H. Dolin. Ind. Dull. J2, 575-7 (December 1938). Under the Mew York rock drilling codes, the rock formations are divided into two classes with regulations as follows: Class I--rock with less than 10% free sili ca. and Class II--rock with mere than 10% free silica. Maximum allowable dust HW88-Q609778 f: ^2? C31 References to Recent Litorcture - 5 concentrations are: Class I--up to 100 million particles per cu. ft.; Class II-- 10 million particles per cu. ft. Bccnuse of wide variation in limits for the two classes, careful representative s .mpling of the rock -rust bo made by the Department, In numerous dust counts nr.de in the industry in both Class I and Class II rocks, the average dust concentrations found were below 100 million partides per cu, ft. and above 10 million. From this it is concluded that dust control methods ere unnecessary in Class I rock, but are required, according to the code, ir. Class II rock formations, 20 SILICOSIS Ii': A NORWEGIAN STEEL FOUNDRY. K. Evnng. Nord. Med. Tid. 16, 1085-92 (1933). (Norwegian). The author examined 29 employees who had worked in a small foundry for noro then three years. Of them, 13 showed definite radiological evidence cf silicosis and in tnc others it was suspected. The cases were distributed throughout the foun dry in all of the occupations. The author points out that the results are in deed alarming send warrant studies in other sinilar foundries. 21 FINDINGS OF A MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF A GF.0UP OF FETTLERS. J.Chalroagne. Arch. Med. See. et Hyg. i, 527-32 (1938). (Belgian). Fettlors are those who use pneunatic tools to clean sand from costings before they are sent to the sandblast. Fifty-one of these nen from four foundries were examined. The results are not reported clearly, and although x-rays were taken on 12, no reports are given of then. Most prominent symptoms found wore dyspnea on exertion, cough, and pulmonary trouble which wore more noticeable in the old er men. 22 THE RESPIRATORY ,.ND CIRCULATORY ADAPTATION TO aCUTE ANOXIA IN SILICOSIS AND 0rJtDIOV,\SCUL.AR DISEASE. K.H. SeeverB, Norbort Enser, and T.J. Becker. J.Icd. l.'yg. k Toxicol 0, 593-634 (December 1938). In spite of aurJic-.s nude in the past in reducing exposures to dust concentra tions which rapidly produce the disabling pulmonary lesions, most workers will, over long periods of time, inhale enough dust to produce a detectable dogreo of pulmonary fibrosis. It is important then to know whether theBO mininal fibrooic changes cause any appreciable or measurable pulmonary disfunction. That the changes can cause a disfunction in terns of maximum capacity is granted but the important question is to know whether they can reduce his capacity to perform ordinary daily tasks. At tho prosont time, no satisfactory methods are availablwhich can rote the individual's ability or capacity to perform a given task and therefore rote his degree cf disability. All depend on his cooperetion which in many cases is unreliable. In the tests here reported the authors examined patients subjected to atmospheres of reduced oxygen content to study their re actions. Comparatively little has been done on this type of experiment, partic ularly in the older age groups, and many more tests aro necessary in ordor to correlate results. Although the experiments serve as a mothod of studying the sensitivity of these mechanises (heart, circulatory system, etc.) that component . for the stress of reduced oxygen, it was found that there was no evidence of latent cardiac incompetence, over and above that occurring with age, in Individ uals with varying dogrees of pulmonary fibrosis until the fibrosis was quite far advanced. THE HEART IN PNEUMOCONIOSIS. C.B. Coggin, D.E. Griggs and W.L. Stilson. Am, Heart J. J6, 411 (1938). The basis for this work is the Btudy of 205 cases of pneumoconiosis over a per iod of 20 years. Of these cases 102 come to post mortem while 103 provided only clinical studios; 146 were classified as third atage and 55 as second stage pneumoconiosis. Cardiac enlargement waa detected by clinical examination in HUB8-8889779 HUBB-G86978G References tv Recent Literature - 6 r:3.6Jf. Accentuation of the pulmonic second sound and the presence of marked cyanosis suggest cardiac involvement ir. pneumoconiosis. In 43 cases examined by electro-cardiograms, 37.2 por cent showed right axis deviation which paralleled the autopsy evidenco of right ventricular hypertrophy. Ccnjestivc heart failure was a ccrar.cn cause of death in third stage silicotics, mere common in this serios oo of cases than tuberculosis, end the findings aro in disagreement with the popular concept. 24 SILICOSIS AND SILICO-TUBERC'JLOSIS. F. Donenlci. Folia med. j>4, 289-305 (1938). (2_b (Italian). The sutler presents the clinical picture and autopsy findings of a powder factory worker wno died of silico-tuberculosis. On the basis cf tha literature ho con cludes that silicosis ar.d tuberculosis aro separate diseases but that they appoer together quite frequently, 0, 25 THE ENVIRONMENT FACTOR IN RELATION TO RICH NEGRO TUBERCULOSIS RATES. R.B. Roth. Am. Rev, Tuberc. 38, 137-204 (August 1938). The author reviews the differonco in mortality rates between whites and negroos 3nd discussoa the views of several authors on the explanation. It is held by some that environment and mental attitude are the doterminative factors while others havo the opposite view that negrees are more susceptible to the disease. In this discussion, the author presents a study of groups of negroes and whites living in comparable conditions in American enlisted forces. Ho bolieves that the environmental factors are minimized because cost of the whltos come fron the lower economic brackots and the medical cntranco examinations ore the same. A great disparity in rates was found: 0.24 per 1000 for whites and 0.99 per 1000 for negroes or about 1 to 4, which ho cays, could not be oxplninod except by differences in susceptibility. At the same time, he does not wish to minimize the environmental factor. 26 INCIDENCE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN MINERS. J, Am. Med. Assoc. (Paris Letter 111. 1482 (1938). . Two doctors report on a study of tuberculosis among cool minors from 1923-37. Among patients in a coal nino company-owned hospital, often one-half of the patients were suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. In the ycarB 1923-37, 28.6 per cent of tho hospital deaths were caused by this disease compared to 16.5 per cent for n group of controls of tho Bamo ago* The 1936 mortality rate for the same district for all non-mining males was 2.4 per 1000 and for coal miners was 3.4 per 1000, 27 TUBERCULOSIS IN RELATION TO THE PNEUMOCONIOSES. J.V. Sparks. J. Roy. Inst. Publ. Health & Hyg. 1, 790-7 (October 1938)., (British). The paper discusses tho radiological aspects of tho subject. It is nearly im possible to recognize with certainty the ante-primary stage of silicosis without the aid of the preliminary film of tho same pationt. It is difficult to express an opinion on the question of superimposed tuberculosis in the pnouaooonloses fre radiologic studies. The new method of tomography may yield further help to tho clinician in defining the presence and oxtent of nodulation in silicosis. 28 THE CONTROL AND CALIBRATION OF ROENTGENOORAPHIC APPARATUS. Charles Weyl, S. Rei-. Warren, Jr., and D.B. O'Neill, Am. J, Roontg. & Rad, Thor. 2, 741-58 (November 1938). The problem of standardizing roontgcnographic technique involves the accurate specification and reproduction of technique. Methods for the fulfillment of these requirements arc: (1) Precise control of apparatus and procedure, (2) accurate calibration of technical factors, and (S) use of an aluminum ladder to ( S.... &) S3 0 f References to Recent Literature - 7 obtain exact reproduction of density and contrast, and all arc describe! in this paper in some detail, 29 BASIC FACTORS It) INDUSTRIAL RLSPIJUTORX PROTECTION. L. Toloky. Liitteil. VolksgesunJheitsant. Nos, 1-3, pp. 3-7, 20-4, 27-34 (1938). (Austrian). The author thinks of industrial respiratory protection .as including more than si-ply oxh.mst systems and respirators. Often the most effective neons of pro tection is provide! by abandoning the use of dengorous substances or by changing the process and methods to eliminate n hazardous gas or dust. In preventive work a prompt recognition of the danger is imperative. DuBt preventive measures aro described, such as enclosure of dusty processes, wot methods, etc., together with their cffectD and limitations. 30 RESPIRATOR FOR USE IB DUST-LaDEN ATMOSPHERES. THE MARK 17 DUST RESPIRATOR. S.A. Sad!, h'.L. Green, G. Davies, U.S, Nicholson, A.S.G. Hill and H.H. Watson. Chem, & Ind. 52, 781-91 (August 20, 1958). (British). Tho requirements for a dust respirator ore stated and the development of a new respirator is given in detail, Thu filter material of the latter is modo of 20 por cent by weight of chrysotilo asbestos fibors and 80 por cent merino wool and they are held in place much tho same as in several American models. ..Most of the tostc for filtration efficiency wore made with carbonaceous Bmoko of 0.18 micron size, although some tests wore made with a fine flint dust. Tho authors feel that Its officiency exceeds that required by tho U.S, Bureau of Mines, whoso methods of testing are somewhat different. 31 GRANITE WORKERS' BASAL RESISTANCE IN BREATHING. E.C.J. Urban. J. Ind. Hyg. & Toxicol. 20, 635-40 (December 1938), The filtering or protective action of tho ncse ie considered important enough by some to justify soloction of workers on tho basis of nasal condition and by others as not of sufficient magnitude to act ae on efficient filter. The author describes a series cf tests on 139 Vermont granite workers, selected at random, in which the nascl resistance was measured with a special type of apparatus that pulled verylng amounts of air outwerd through the noee. The results showed that nasr.l resistances do vary for different individuals but that the variation is slight, ana would be apparent only ovor a period of years. At best, it is only one of the factors in sllicosie and because of the possible tuhorculous infec tion, other factors as personal habits, physical condition, and infection con tacts, are more important. 32 DUSTi ITS HAZARD, CONTROL, AND COLLECTION WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO SURFACE PLANTS. G.E. Lynch. Min. & Metall, ^9, 516-20 (December 1958). The author summarizes the dust hazard from the plant engineers' standpoint and discusses in some detail certain principles of dust control. Dangerous dusts are those almost invisible particles below 10 oicronB in size, as particles above that slzo rarely reach tho lungs; it is tho particlos below 10 microns which do net settle out of the atmosphere rapidly according to the laws of free settling. After particles cf these small sizes ore dispersed into the air it is almost im possible to collect or control then, so it is obvious that control must be applif at the source of the dispersion. A discussion is then given of the prlneip&l nothods of control and collection which ore available to englneora in their probloms. The costs are described as being comparatively low and there 1b a possibl salvage value in collected dusts, in addition to the other benefits. \=3 Gtr_-rj -S', References to Recent Literature - B 33 THE COMPARATIVE RESISTANCE TO VENTILATION OF MINE ROADWAYS, INCLUDING THE WORKING FACE. R. Clive. Trans. Instr.. Min. Engrs. (London) 95, 325-33 (July 1938), (British). The coefficient of friction for a straight and uniform arched-girder, roadway, lined with brickwork to the springline of the arch, i3 low and approaches that for a smooth-lined airway. A slight variation from the straight appreciably in creases resistance, as does variation in crosc-suctional area. The resistance caused by tubs (ir cars) is considerable and nay increase the coefficient for a particular roadway by as much aB 100 per cent. The resistance along the working face is very high compared with that for a normal rordway. 34 SOME NOTES ON NATURAL VENTILATION. B.K. Lawton, J. Chem. Metal. Min. Sac. Sc. Africo 34, 61--1 (August 1938). Some interesting observations were nodo on the seasonal variation of natural ven tilation in a cine about 2,200 ft. Jeep at the pit bottoms and approximately 3,300 ft. doep at tho workings. Airflow by gravity varied from a maxinun of 150,000 c.f.c, in February, when the surface air tomperature was 31F, to a minimum of 7?,000 c.f.c. in August with a surface temperature of 57. This in herent variability of airflow, and tho difficulty in ventilating new dovelopnent ends are hold to bo a drawback to genoral adoption of natural ventilation. Never theless, ovary effort should be made in planning out workings eo as to take full advantage of the gravity effect. . IKS DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIFIC SURFACE OF POWDERS. P.C. Canaan. Jour. 3oc. Chen. Ir.d. 57, 225-34 (July 1938). (British). A new notkod is suggested for obtaining the specific surface of Bands and of fine powders. Briefly tho procedure iB to measure tho permeability of a small sample tc a liquid of known viscosity and, fron this, to calculate tho specific surface, using an equation given in the paper. Tho equation has been tested over a wide range- of conditions and results are accurate even if the particle else distribu tion is irregular, eo tho new noth ad night well havo application in an industrial laboratory. (C) Paocra on Industrial Poteens. Cancer.,Dermatitis, ata. 36 Hazards FROM G,,5ES IN METAL MINES AND PROTECTIONS AGAINST TMai. B.K. Denny. Mining Teel.. Tech, Paper No. 984, 10 pp. (November 1938). In the past fow yoorB a number of men have been asphyxiated in mines, tunnels an. wells where those occurrences might have boon prevented by a few relatively sim ple precautions. The author gives typical exonploa taken from the flits of the Bureau ol' Mines. Probably meat accidents occur in oxygen deficient atmospheres, in locations where ventilation is poor and where nitrogen and carbon dioxide gases issue from the rock formations. A common mistake is to forget that gas masks cannot make up oxygen deficiency and that special oxygen-breathing appar atus is necessary. Othor causes of asphyxiation are nitrogen fumes from dyna mite; the highly poisonous hydrogen sulfide gAsea which are present in many unde ground operations, chiefly tunnel and caisson work; nnd carbon monoxide, Oood ventilation is the best precaution and should be supplomonted with the proper respiratory equipment proporly used. 37 FLUE GASES LAUNDERED TO PREVENT AIR POLLUTION. U.V. Klcinschmitt. Power Plant Eng. 4, 393-6 (1938). A scrubber ic described that combines atomized spray with centrifugal separation and remove's oust as veil as sulfur dioxide gases. Ic is thought th3t gas elimin atlon as well as dust removal should bo considered in air conditioning. Hi/66-8009782 P_n 3 <=>. 0; 0} r 'ZS' T.S'j References to Recent Liter:*.ture - 9 38 CAISSON DISLnSE -- CLINICAL ND STATISTICAL STUDY. G. Pnneheri. Med. del. Levoro 2g, 193-212 (1938), (Italian). The author reports on u series of eases of caisson disease. In the first of two series recorded there were 45 cases during 70,500 work hours ana in the second sorles, during which there was more stringent regulation of tho tine of decompressior., there were 33 cases in 152,000 work hours. This valuo is still quite high for well regulated diving operations :nc wa3 due possibly tc the fact that there w.s no safety apparatus which enforced longer decompression periods. 39 CUTANEOUS HOARDS IN THE FUR INDUSTRY. O.L. Lovin and H.T, Bohrman. Ind. Med. 7, 673-1 (Movjnber 1936). The health hsesris in the fur industry together with a brief description of the processes one ntiirinls used <vro presented. By far the most common hazard 1b dermatitis olthiu^h- t;:or diseases that arc encountered ere anthrax, catarrh and isthtia. Th- disc..300 r.rc caused by contact with the skins themselves, with tho acids and other chor.ic tls usoi, 'Jid with tiio numerous synthetic and organic dyos. The action vf , Z>x t..:- substances is a purely chemical one butin many caaos it is enaphylictoid, '..hero the individual is allergic tc tho material. Prevention is best accomplished by personal cleanliness end by good sanitary measures with ing tho plant. 40 EUUN5 FRO.'.. .tCETYLZME WELDING. J. Am, Med. Assod. (Queries and minor notes) 111. 469 (1938). a doctor writes that cany cases of bums from acotylono wolding become infected although immodiato treatment is provided. It is probably not the flux that causes tho infaction but more likely tha dust and small motal particles present on tr.c shin. For this reason very thorough cleansing of tho wound is neoessaiy. 41 LEAD IN THE PRINTING INDUSTRY. J.M, I.'epler, P.F. Resin snd R.ff. Colina. J.Ind. Hyg. 4 Toxicol. 20, 641-5 (December 1938). Evidences obtained in n preliminary survey of tho printing industry in Michigan, by the Bureau of Industrial Hygiene, indicated, contrary to contention, that sufficient load fumos wore presunt in tho air to constitute a hazard. They then made tests in 14 representative printing establishments to detormine the actual concentrations present. Most of the previous work on load in printing shops had bean dona boferu exact methods of load doterminntion were in uso and were thought to bo inaccurate in many coses. The results of the present tests indicate that the former contentions are entirely unfounded and that considerable lead fumes can be given off from the lead melting pota whan heated above the melting point even though the motal is not agitated. They found that lead fumes ore more im portant than lead dust and that the film of oxide on tho aurfacee of the melting pots had no appreciable effect an the concentrations of tho fumes. 42 HYGIENIC CONDITIONS IN BOOK PRINTING PLhNTS IN NaFLES. R. Tecce tad C. Beseoro. Folia nod. 117-33 (1938). (Italian). In an investigation of the hygienic conditions in 15 Neapolitan printing shops, measurements were maae of the height and cubic content of rooms, dust concentra tion and' tt-nparnturo and humidity of the working spaces. The plants were divide- into gcud ones having 15.7-70.0 cubic motors per worker, 150-190 particles per c (Owens counter) 5.4-6.0 dry knta value and 14.7-17.2 wot) the inodium and poor plants had 4.3-42.6 cu.m, per worker, 270-300 particles per cc. and dry and wot kata values of 4.0-4.7 and 12.3-15.8. Tho lighting was poor in most shops. Tho load content of deposited dust varied from 5.5 tc 16 per cent. Examination of workers skvwod 80 per cor.t to have lead lines and 23 per cent to havo stippled erythrocytes. HWB8-0009783 <: - S'. References to Recent Literature - 10 42 LEAD POISONING. SECTION II. SI FATAL CASES OF SUSPECTED LEAD POISONING* AND 46 OF NON-FATAL LEAD POISONING* DIAGNOSIS* TREATMENT* SUMMARY. V.A. Gant. Ind. Med. 7, 679-99 (November 1938). For Section I 3ee Abstract No. 845, November 1938 bulletin, . In the second section of his paper the author devotes considerable space to case histories.of patients which are classified as lead poisoning among children, as chronic industrial cases, as doubtful and unjustified cases, and as acute cases, with discussions in each instance. In the concluding sections of the paper, the author repeats that since there are no symptoms pathognomonic of lead alone, diagnosis without chemical findings (determination of lead in blood or urine) is incomplete. Disodium phosphate is proposed as the best therapeutic agent in the treatment and should be used in conjunction with .a normal calcium.diet. 44 SOME OBSERVATIONS UPON THE EXAMINATION OF MEN EXPOSED TO A LEAD HAZARD AT MOUNT ISA, INCLUDING AN ORIGINAL METHOD FOR THE EXAMINATION OF BLOOD FOR P0LYCJIR0MA5IA. L.A. Wir.dsor-McLcan. Med. J. Australia , 367 (aeptembor 3, 1936). (Australian). During 1937, only 6 of tho 1231 men employed in all departments of the Mount Isa Minos in Australia were adjudged to bo incapacitated by plumbism. In connection with his own examinations of 115 of these workurs for lead poisoning, the author found only 1 worker suffering from the positive symptoms, tho remainder of the workers presenting various symptoms not attributable to any action of lead. A conclusion is drawn that hemoglobin percentage provides no indication of load absorption and that tho ratio between tho largo and small lymphocytes is of little or no value. The technic for estimating tho number of polychromatophllic cells per million erythrocytes is explained in detail but no conclusion is drawn as to the significance of the reeulte. 45 DETECTION OF LEAD POISONING IN A MOTOR CAR FACTORS, P.Molitor, M. Arnolds* and G. He- -?er. Arch.Mai.Profos. 124-8 (1938). (French). A soi-.r containing 30 per cent load was used on assembled automobile parts in a French factory. When two workers who came under notice were found to have load poisoning, the remaining workers were examined. It was found that 10 out of 39 men examined had clear cases of lead poisoning with an additional 4 classed as doubtful. The men wore employed in smoothing and rubbing down soldered parts. In another factory this work wae boing done in separato compartments where the men wore respirators, rubber gloves and impermeable clothing and upon examination no cases of poisoning wore found in this group. 46 STABILITY OF ANEMIC CONDITIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL LEAD POISONING. Loureau, O.S. doSacy and A, Arthus. Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 128. 512-4 (1938). (Fronch). In some tests on rabbits subjocted to experimental lead poisoning, variations in individual susceptibility to tho poisoning and reoponso to troatment were found to be a predominant factor. Mnrkod differences wore noted in red cell blood count and in powor of rocovery of the animals, DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD IN THE CAT AFTER INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF A COLLOIDAL LEAD PREPARATION, aND THE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION ON THIS DISTRIBUTION. B.L. Crawford, H.L. Stowart, C.F. Willoughby and F.L. Smith. Am.J.Concor , 401-22 (1938). Cats receiving i.\-.ravenous injections of a colloidal lead preparation generally remained in good clinical condition without loss of weight or anemia, and the organs of these animals showed slight, if any, structural changes. When, however roentgen irradiation was given in addition, toxic manifestations ensued and pro nounced structural changes in tho organs occurred. These were of the some nature as were observed in animals treated by irradiation alone, but were more marked and are ottributed to the combined toxic effects of the two agents. The lead in jection brought about significant increase in the lead concentration of most HU8B-O06978<i v--j >=: ---c (0 References to Recent Literature - II organs and tissues ex.mined. The lead distribution in animals treated with both lead and roentgen ray was essentially the suwe as that following the administra tion of lead only, although changes in lead concentration wero found in certain organs. 48 EFFECT CF G-KYDJiIL IN LEAD POISONING. F. Schmitt and H. Lo3sic. Arch. f. klir.. Red. 1.82, 200-3 (1958). (German). A r3port is given of ono case of load poisoning which was treated with S-Hydril (stabilized sodium thiosulphate) given intravenously, After giving 2 ampoules daily (it is not stated for how long) the clinical symptoms recoded. After 8 day3 there was n significant decrease in blood load and after 14 days the valuos were normal. 49 MICROCHIP!ICAL DETECTION aND DETERf.ilNATION OF LaD. N.D. Costeanu. Mikrochim. acta 5, 236-8 (1936). (Austrian). A drop of hydrogen iodide solution, prepared by introducing hydrogen sulfide into n mixture cf iodino and weter, is placed on filter paper which has been drenched with the solution to bo tested and dried in on oven. The resulting yellow spot of lend loaido is compared with spots similarly obtained with known concentration! cf lead solution. The method applied to the analysis of 0.4 g. of brass showed tho probable presence of 0.026 por cent cf load. 60 QUANTITATIVE DETShMIN.-.TION OF LEaD IM BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL: MODIFIED DITHIZOBK METHOD. F. Schr.itt and ii. Basse, Arch. f. exp*. Path. u. Pharnwkol. 169. 189-71 (1938). (uorir.r.). A description is given of modification of Soelkopf and Taegor's dithizone method. The hynr^gon sulfide precipitation is eliminated from the prooess. In stead, tho ash residue is dissolved in hydrochloric acid and tho iron Is removed from the hydrochloric acid solution by shaking with ether. 51 KICROCUEMICaL METHODS FOR DETERMINATING LEAD ELECTROLYTICALLY AND BY MEANS OP DITHIZONE. i;. Muller. Z. Anal. Chen. 11, 181-82 (1938). (German). Numerous experiments ure described in a review of 22 papers published since 1928, in which tr.u electrolytic end dithizone methods were subjected to vigorous test ing. Both require cleanliness in apparatus and purity of reagents. Tho weakr.es: of the dithizone method lies in tho reactivity of the dithizone with other catiot and the fact that tho reagent is expensive end doos not koop woll. Although the electrolytic method also has its drawbacks it seems boat for lead determination in organic materials. Full details for both determination uro described. 62 EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OH THE THYROID OF CARBON MONOXIDE INHALATION. H. Reploh. Arch. f. Hyg, 120. 244-57 (1938), (German). In experiments on guinea pigs and rabbits, the author induced acute, "sub-acute" (repeated) and chronic poisonings, tho latter by small amounts daily for several hours, for as long as 12 months. Tho offeet on the thyroid wsb most marked In the chronically poisoned animals. Tho experiments support the view that there 1: a chronic carbon r..jr.oxiue poisoning, and tend to dispute the theory that the pol soning is .only a r;-;ttor of anoxemia. S3 A CaSE OF OCULhR r-IoTURE.iHCE CAUSED BY Gnt> FROM A MOTOR. B. Koslowski. Klin. Ocznn 26, 176 (1938). (Pellet). The driver of .a closed motor car was asphyxiated by products of combustion which had no exit tc the outside. hen ho regained consciousness 9 hours later, he could net see and u,n examination after 6 days he was found to have a left homonymous hemianopsia which touched the fixation points. He recovered spontan eously within 2 wioks, Tho carbon monoxide may have producod an angiospasm, or hemorrhage which compressed the visual pathways. MIBB-0089785 HWBB-0B09786 oo C2_* 4=>. m 5) @ References to Recent Litereture - 12 54 THE TRAVELERS CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR. Travelers Stnr.dard 26, 164-6 (September 1933). VA carbon monoxide detector which is inexpensive and easily assembled has been developed by the Travelers Insurance Company. The method consists in converting the carbon monoxide in the sample to carbon dioxide by means of a cigar lighter coil and absorbing the converted carton dioxide, in a strontium hydroxide solution. The sample is first cleared of carbon dioxide and any hydrocarbons by.passing it through calcium oxide and silica gel.. A 10 inch bicycle pump is used as the source of suction. 55 ACUTE LEUCOSIS FROM BENZENE. M. Perrin, P. Kissel and L. Pierquin. Paris med. 26. 553-0 (1958). (French). The authors report in detail the case of a shoe factory worker, a 44 year old woman, who had repeatedly sufferod symptoms of acuto rheumatism of the joints then fell ill with fever, very severe anemic condition, skin hemorrhages,, dyspnea and woakness. The blood count showed 1,56 million red cells, 1600 white cells, 16 per cent polynuclear colls, 16 per cent polynuclear neutrophiles, 1 per cent polynuclear basophilic cells, 9 por cent large mononucloars, 17 per cent leucoblast3 and many Btreptooocci in the blood. At autopsy the bone marrow was seen to be in marked proliferation but the white blood cells of the myelogram were ex clusively loucobiasts. It wae an acute leucemia which was hidden by s hypogranulocytosis and thero thus existed not a truo aplasia of the bone marrow but.a metaplastlo proliferation. Benzene poisoning, which in its classic form causes an aplastic myelosis, is under certain conditions (according to exposure and sen sitivity) also an irritant of the hemopoetlc tlseuee, causing a leucemic symptom complex, acute or chronic. This latter would be seen more often, no doubt, If systematic myelograms wore made. 56 BENZENE POISONING IN A PREGNANT NOMAN. J. Leronge. Progres. mod. Jgft, 901 (1938) (French). A woman rubber worker ouffered fatigue and anemia (2.1 million red cells, 11,000 white cells) from benzene poisoning. After a few weeks away from her work the red cell count roso to 3.6 million. The dolivory of her child was normal but the child wolghed only 2.8 kilograms (6.2 lbs.) 57 MERCURY POISONING IN MINING. J,Am.Med,Assoc. (Queries and minor notes) 111. 467 (1938). The inquiry concerns the possibility of being acutely poisoned by mercury vapor in a day'3 work in a gold mine, and the determination of mercury or lead poison ing several months later. The reply states that, with high concentrations, mer cury poisoning can toko place in a few hours, although hard rook mining Beldom offers a hazard. Stomatitis is the chief symptom in acute poisoning from the compounds. In poisoning from the vapor, the symptoms are tzagor, control nervous system signs, diarrhea and nausea; and some of the muscular and nervouB symptoms may persist. Mercury does hot always eppoor in the urine of poisoned persons. References are mide to methods of determination in urine and in air. A SIMPLIFIED PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN URINE. A.O. Gettler and R,A. Lehman. Am. J. Clin. Path. Tech. Supplement 161-4 (1938). A 50 cc. portion cf the urine is ashed in a 500 cc. Kjoldahl by means of potas sium permanganate ana sulfuric acid. The mercury is dkturiiinod by means of the color compared with that of known standards. The ordinary chemically pure re agents were found to be satisfactory. The time required for a series of five determinations is about throe hours. The procedure is more rapid than the Wink ler method and equally accurate. { ir-j a 0 wJ > m References to Recent Literature - 13 59 CAUTION IN THE USE OF ARSENIOUb CORROSIVES r.ITH LIGHT METALS. E. Beintker. Arbeltsschutz, pp. 150 (1938). (German). A short description is given of two cases of illness caused by pickling metal platoe in a corrosive consisting of 33 per cent hydrochloric acid and f: oer cent arsenic, 60 UVEITIS CAUSED BY ARSENIC POISONING. B.S. Brodskii. Viestnik Opht. li, 898 (1938). (Gorman). A bilateral chronic riidocyclitis (an inflammation of the middle coating of the eye) uevoloped in a former from careless handling of an arsenic disinfectant. The diagnosis was made by finding traces of arsenic in the aqueous humor (eye fluid). 61 DANGERS FROM GALVANIZING SHEET METAL. J, Am, Med. Assoc. (Queries and minor notes) m, 865 (1938). The question concerns pulmonary disease from fumes and acids In galvanising metal.' The reply discusses metal fume fever and then sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide and zinc sulfate. Although several occupational hazards may be present in this Indus trial operation, "involvement of the respiratory tract does not Btand out as pre eminent." . 62 POISONING BY MANGANESE. E.if. Bander. Arch. Mol. Profos. 1, 104-8 (1938). (French). . Cases of manganese poisoning by those inhaling its dust are comparatively rare, only about 130 having been reported in the literdure, with a possibility that some hive passed unrecognized. Some predisposition to the poisoning seems to be necessary and the symptoma appear generally during the first two years of expo sure. The illnoBS begins rapidly and progrosses In a few months to a typical and Incurable condition. Symptoms usually are: the patient is easily tired and falls to sleep easily; unsteady gait; difficulty in ascending a slope; little control over facial muscles or expression; both speech and writing are protracted and slurrod; swallowing may be difficult; and there ere sometimes violent pains with cramps In the muscles. - 63 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH INTO THE TOXICOLOGY OF MANGANESE. A.C. Lemon. Arch. Hal. Profos. 1, 119-23 (1938). (French). Experiments are described on rabbits exposed to doses of manganese administered subcutaneously, in their food, by stomach tube, and by inhalation of duet over long periods. The metal, when administered in large doges proved rapidly fatal, but no immediate effects followod upon inhalation, although details of the latte) aro not given. The motel was found in all organs of tho body, particularly in the brain, A high concentration in the bile indicated its path of elimination. An analytical method to determine manganese in the tissues is also described. CHRONIC NICm POISONING AND PRODUCTIVE MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS. REPORT OF A CASE. R. Pomoranz. Am. Rev. Tuborc. , 252-61 (August 1938). The toxic effects of nickel, although they occur rarely, hove been definitely recognized. A case is reported here with autopsy findings, which was attributed to nickel poisouing and productive miliary tuberculosis* The patient was a nolo age 22, who had boen working as an industrial chemist 8 years and whose work in cluded exposure to nickel and carbon tetrachloride eolutions. Symptoms of short, ness of breath, loss of weight and appetite, nonproductive cough, and transient P-'-ins in the chost first appeared and roentgen findings at that time showed fine nodular lesions, millet in size, throughout both lungs but for 8 months they wei undiagnosed. Because the lesion was thought to be a lymphoblastoma, the patient received 13 x-ray treatments and his symptoms at first improved, but later they bocame worso and lie finally died. The autopsy discloood evidences of nickel in HWBB-Q009787 'ca/o E-r: I.--J 0 u--J -3 "c^T1 References to accent Literature - 14 the lungs together Yfith the tubercular lesions, end the author hypothecated that the chemical irritant had reactivated a latent tuberculosis. This might be a good warning to chemists ar.d those who work with irritant substances to have yearly roentgen oxaninatione of the chest. ' 65 INJURIES TO HEALTH CAUSED BY nLUMINUM AND PARTICULARLY THE EFFECT OF .XUMINUM . DUST ON THE LUNGS. M. Doese, Arch. Gowerbepath. u. Gowerbehyg. 1, 501-30 (1938). (Gorman). In an investigation to decide whether aluminum dust caused a characteristic dis ease of the lungs, data was collected fron examinations of 86 aluminum smelter workers. It was found that silicosis did not occur among the men, which agreed with too British investigations. It was found, however, that there wa3 damage to the upper respiratory tract in the form of catarrh, irritation or atrophy of tho nasal mucus membrane and perforation of the septum, Whother these wero due to the aluminum specifically or to a general effect of dust was not concluded because of the small number examined. The comparative hamleBanoss of aluminum in the stages of production is in narked contrast to tho dangers of spraying with aluminum paint, as in the latter case it seems there is a noticeable offoct on the lunge which is regarded as specific. THALLIUM POISONING. F. Kunkele. Chen. Ztg. J5g, 49-61 (1938). (German). The author gives a short history of thallium poisoning and descrlbos the detec tion r.nd determination of tho substance in parts cf the body at autopsy. He re ports on k cases of death from thallium which he had examined. 67 FLUORINE POISONING. J. An, Med, Assoo, (Queries and minor notes) 111. 273 (1938/ Pulmonary edema is the outstanding characteristic of acute fluorine poisoning and as little as 0.2 mg. per kilogram of body weight may cause trouble when in hale:*'. In chronic cases overgrowth of bone, caloificatlon of ligaments and bone fragility are comnon, but tend to disappear when exposure is stopped. In acute cases, oxygen inhalation, bronchial sedatives and ontispasmcdics, and intravcnou calcium gluconate ore suggested. Ton roforences are cited. 68 A PORTABLE INSTRUMENT FOR THE ANALYSIS OF HYDROCYANIC ACID 0AS-AIR MIXTURES. R.J. Viilmot and T.N, Gautier. J. Agr. Rest-arch , 283-90 (1958), n instrument is described which analyzes hydrogen oyAnicle gas-air mixtures by physical apparatus. The sample Is drawn, by means of a small motor driven pump contained in the instrument, ovor a hot platinum filament. The change in resis tance of the filament is then measured by means of a Wheatstone bridge and is translatei into percentage of hydrogen cyanide by volume. It is accurate to within 0.02 per cent. 69 PRINTERS' SPRAY AND METHYL ALCOHOL. J,Am.Med.Assoc, (Queries and minor notes) 111. 85 (1938). A spray used widely in printing contains methyl alcohol, gum arable and gum tragaaanth. Or.e printer is known tc have developed asthma which was traced to the gum antic and which was ovorcome by substituting starch. Most of the com plaints concerned not the spray but the dust loft when the alcohol evaporates. Exhaust ventilation may be suggested and mothyl alcohol should not be used. 70 EFFECT OF GULrUFv CHLORIDES ON EYES, J. An.Mod. assoc. (Queries and minor notes) 111. 1492 (1956). Sulfur chloride is thought to be non-toxic by Hamilton and Lehmann. Since It is frequently used along with carbon disulfide, any injury is thought to be caused by the latter substance. Kober and Hayhurst consider toe decomposition products to bo harmful and Adler-Horzmark has reported general poisoning by sulfur-mono chloride in the absence of carbon disulfide. Injury to the eye would probably Be accompanied by other, moro characteristic, injuries. HMB8-6009788 rrfl VU--CJyi --S' References to Recent Literature - 15 71 SIMPLIFIED COLORIMETRIC DETEhMI NATION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE IN THE MR. S.M. Chumanov and JJ.E, Aksel'rod. J. Applied Chois. li, 720 (1938). (Russian). A small amount of dilute potassium ferricyanide solution added to a solution of tri-valent iron can be used as an indicator for the determination of sulfur di oxide in .the absence of other reducing agents. The blue coloration is intensive enough to detect 0.02 mg. of sulfur dioxide in a liter of air. 72 DETERMINATION OF SMALL QUANTITIES OF METHYL BROMIDE IN .MR. R.L. Busbey and N.L. Drake. I nil. & Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. iQ, 390-2 (July 15, 1938). A method is proposed for the determination of methyl bromide in the air of fumi gated spaces. The procedure involves saponification of the nethyl bromide by alcoholic potassium hydroxide, removal of the alcohol, oxidation of the bromide to bromato by sodium hypochlorite, and iodioetric titration of the bromate. Re sults ar reported of analyses of 13 samples ranging from 0,0480 to 0.0065 g. The average orror is plus or minus 1.7%; the greatest, plus or minus 3.5$. 73 CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY, STRUCTURE, AND CHEMICAL REACTIVITY OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMaTIC HYDR0C..K30NS. L.F. Fleser. Am. J. Cuncor 34, 37-124 (September 1958), The author presents a long review of the subject which includesi (1) a critical evaluation and comparison of the methods for determining carcinogenic activity} (*') information concerning the preparation and purification and the commercial sourcos of the carcinogenic hydrocarbons; (3) a nummary of the work on corrolatioi of chemical structure and carcinogenic activity, and (4) a summary of investiga tions on the metabolic foto of various active hydrocarbons. A very extensive bibliography i3 included, 74 THE PRODUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL C..NCER OF THE LUNG IN MICE. M.G. Seelig end E.L. Benignus, Am. J. Cancer 35, 549-555 (August 1938). Although there is no thoroughly satisfactory method of applying tar to the lungs in experimental work, tho method here described by the authors is simple. The bottoms of tho cages were covered with fluffy coal soot or tar-froe lamp hlack to which known carcinogenic hydrocarbons wore added, Tho movements of the animals ralSG sufficient uust to cause black particlos In the smaller intrapulnonary bronchii within 6 days end in 5 weeks' time these are widespread throughout the lungs. 75 SENSITIZATION TO JUTE. F.A. Stevens and L. Jordani. J. Allergy , 610-2 (Septem ber 1958). Jute, a vegetable fiber grown in India, is widely used in the form of burlap for packing and transporting articles of merchandise. Because it is choap, it is used also in place of more expensive and durable fibers in Inexpensive upholster ed furniture and in cheaper domestic rugs and carpets. Inasmuch as its use is sc common, contact with Jute is almost universal not only industrial but doaoatle ac well. Fivo caso histories aro given demonstrating conclusively the allergenic .properties of Jute, 76 DANUEfta OF PJtAfFIN. J. Am, Med. Assoc. (Queries and minor notes) 110. 2102 (1938). Paraffin, when melted and sprayed under pressure, cones out as a powder. The worker wears a mask but it is not satisfactory. Is there a health hazard? Answer! Pur* paraffin should be hornless, but paraffin oils and petroleum deri vatives might cause- acne, and possibly tar cancer. The best solution is a good exhaust sy3tor... Ordinary respirators ore not suitable and a supplied-air mask in necessary. KW8B-0009789 HHfiB-0009790 --U :! References to Recent Literature - 16 77 THE EMPLOYMENT OF DIABETICS. R.D._Lawrence and K. Madders. Brit. Med. J. pp, 1076-7 (November 26, 1938), ("rltish). An appeal from diabetics and the Diabetic Association that thero was u prejudice against then by employers because of their diabetes led the authors to believe that this prejudice was unfair, ur.Just and a survival of the pre-insulin period, =ind they beg3n a survey of the tine-lost record of diabetic patients. Their re port covers the rocord of 100 employed diabetics, selected at random, who wore taking regular insulin treatments. The number interviewed wa3 too small to draw definite conclusions, but the authors form the opinion that most troated diabetic, are good employees from the health point of viow, and hope that the widespread prejudice against their employment may be removed, 78 AIR JET VENTILATION IN HOT WEATHER. T.C. .^r.gas. Heat. & Vent. Eng. 1, 2-5 (July 195e), (British). The Jot fan consists of small centrifugal far. (1/2 h.p. to 1-3/4 h.p.) deliver ing through n jet tube sc ub to discharge a horizontal, flat, wide stroam just above head level. Although the main air current passes overhead, the high velo city (up to 4000 f.p.m. at the jet) induces secondary air currents, and the re sult ic that in the neighborhood influenced by the Jot fun, air currents are var iable instead of mrnotor.nus, and thus are more refreshing. Air velocities as high as 160 f.p.n. have boon roccrded at shoulder level 60 ft. or so from the jot. In shops where hot processes are carried on, or in hot weather, such air nevemimt is most welcome. Jet faus have been used to dissipate local clouds of disagreeable fumes or vhpera to reduce their concentrations to negligible levels. They will not solve oil summer factory ventilation problems, but along with good natural or simple oxhaust ventilation they will form a useful and cheap auxiliary 79 METnBOLIS!. OF MAN ,iT WORK UNDER DIFFERENT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS. 0. Ehrisnann. Ztschr. f. Hyg. u. Infektionskr. 120. 319-40 (1958). (German). At higher temperatures and humidities the increase in metabolism accompanying work is approximately the same as under ordinary conditions. The recovery time may be delayed and in somo cases the respiratory quotient is lowered. The body weight may increase in spite of the less favorable conditions. No evidenco was forthcoming that nitrogenous metabolism is disturbed when work is done in envir onments of lower cooling power, 80 HEaT REGULATION AND MUSCULjlR WORK. W. Liber3on. Trav. humain , 41-51 (1938). (French). '. The author discusses the effect of temperatures on the energy yield of muscular work, about which thore aro various views. He 3tates that the energy yield re mains practically constant in temperatures between 9-40C, but the technical yield (mochanical efficiency) of work rises with a decrease in temperature, at least between 9-45C, 81 I HE INFLUENCE OF CLOTHING ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF THE HUUaN BODY TO VARYING ENVIRONMENTS TEMPERATURES. A.P. Gaggo, C.E.A. Winslow and L.P. Herring ton. An, J. Physiol, 124. 30-60 (Octobor 1938). The partition of hoot loss from a normally cbthed subject shows that ho is ablo to tolerate a Jifforence of 8C botweon skin and environmental temperatures be fore cooling sets in at 25C (as compared with 29C for the. nude subject.) Botween 25C and 29C, thermal equilibrium of the- clothod body is maintained by vasomotor regulation. Above 29C evaporation regulation soto in. It was shown, by plotting various physiological factors against caloric demand, that the groan physiological responses cf the body are about the same nude as when clothed ex cept fer tho temperature at which the response takes place. ( \ 'OO a* -S> 3 References to Rocent Literature - 17 82 HZaT STROKEj CLINICAL AND CHLMICnL 0BSER7rtTI0NS ON 4-1 Cac'ES. E.B. Ferris, Jr., M.A. Blankcnhom, H.W. Robinson and G.B. Cullen. J.Clin.Invest. i?, 243-62 (1938). The incidence of heat stroko was relatively higher nr.c-ng white men than colored. Physical exertion was net a factor. There was a characteristically high body temperature, a modcrato acidosis and heno-concentrntien but no consistent change in tiie chloride of blood serum. The scat effective treatment was ico-wnter tub bing with sassage. 83 EXPERIMENT;!, INVESTIGATIONS (HISTOLOGIC, HGinTGLOGIC, HISTOCHG.ilCAL) OF DEATH FROM HYPERTEEvV.IA (HErtT STROKE). G, Lacroix. Folia mod. M 21-30 (1938). (Itelinn). A report of some heat stroke experiments on guinea pigs. At autopsy, macroscopic and microscopic evidences of congestion were predominant. In a study of the cell metabolism, according to Lipschitz's method, the dehydrogenizing ability was significantly lowered In the brain, liver and skin} less sc in other organs. Tho sugar content of tho liver was decreased. HUBB-U0B9791 'rt\ M.'JV /A' Iff(u)w@jfm'l[))ip :.ii i6/ HUBB-000977 3 AFFIDAVIT OF DAVID S. EGILMAN STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS ) ) COUNTY OF NORFOLK ) ss. Before me, the undersigned authority, personally appeared Dr. David Egilman and swore as follows: 1. My name is Dr. David Egilman. I am over the age of twenty-one years old and am otherwise competent to make this affidavit. AH of the statements contained in this affidavit are based upon my personal knowledge and are true and correct. 2. I am the custodian of records of the Industrial Hygiene Foundation. 3. I have personally reviewed the documents listed below, copies of which are attached to this affidavit, and can attest that the attached copies are true, complete and correct copies of Industrial Hygiene Foundation documents. . Participants in Seventh Saranac Symposium with attached Affidavit dated May 21, 1991 ofMichael Rhode, employee ofthe Armed Forces Institute ofPathology, custodian of original archives ofDr. Arthur J. Vorwald, authenticating the listing. (SCF-ALLF-01290) Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal. January, 1950 (Vol. 14, No. 1) (SCF-ALLF-01180) Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal. September, 1952 (Vol. 16, No. 9) (SCF-ALLF-01370) Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical,'Toxicological, Legal. September, 1956 (Vol. 20, No. 9) (SCF-ALLF-01760) Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Industrial Hygiene Digest. April, 1957 (Vol. 21, No. 4) (SCF-ALLF-01830) Industrial Hygiene Digest, IndustrialHealth News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal. August, I960 (Vol. 24, No. 8) (SCF-ALLF-02040) Page 1 of 3 Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal. March, 1961 (Vol. 25, No. 3) (SCF-ALLF-02140) , Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal. (SCF-ALLF-02310) Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 1967 Annual Report. (SCF-ALLF-02836) Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 1969 Annual Report. (SCF-ALLF-03082) Industrial Hygiene Foundation ofAmerica, Inc., Report ofPreliminary Dust Investigationfor Asbestos Textile Institute with attached Memorandums on Plant of (various companies) Supplementing the General Report "Preliminary Dust Investigation for Asbestos Textile Institute" ofJune, 1947. (SCF-ALLF-01000) Members ofAir Hygiene Foundation /Industrial Hygiene Foundation as ofNovember 30, 1937 through 1983. (SCF-ALLF-00470) Air Hygiene Foundation ofAmerica, Inc., References to Recent Literature ofIndustrial Diseases, January 24, 1939. (SCF-ALLF-00565) Foundation Facts, Vol. 3, No. 6 with attached Digest ofIndustrial Hygiene, Literature News-Developments, dated June, 1941. (SCF-ALLF-00685) Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal, Foundation Facts, August, 1957. (SCF-ALLF-01875) An Epidemiological Study ofLung Cancer in Asbestos Miners, Industrial Hygiene Foundation Report by Bruan & Truan; study made possible through a grantfrom the Quebec Asbestos Mining Association (Note: date takenfrom published article), June, 1958. (SCF-ALLF-01939) Industrial Hygiene Digest, Industrial Health News, Literature Abstracts, Medical, Engineering, Chemical, Toxicological, Legal, May, 1963, Vol. 27, No. 5. ( SCF-ALLF-02375) Preliminary Program, 28th Annual Meeting, Industrial Hygiene Foundation, October 23-24, 1963, to Mr. Wagner. (SCF-ALLF-02441) Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 1964 Annual Report with attached membership list. (SCF-ALLF-02468) Industrial Hygiene Foundation ofAmerica, Inc., Asbestos Bioeffects Researchfor Industry, Medical Series, Bulletin No. 11, 1966. (SCF-ALLF-02683) Page 2 of 3 Further, affiant sayeth not. , #9209^- David S. Egilman, MD, MPH Commonwealth of Massachusetts Norfolk, ss SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN TO ME, on this witness my hand and official seal of office. NOTARY PUBLIC IN AND FOR THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS day of May, 2006, to certify which My Commission Expires Vcv