Document gm3Xy5rXvjYb1xR2ZBOLGe9N

J9?T m\'at:i*ial Safety disease. \ recall <mc plant where the em ployees .t a hent-treating departmem had discovered that they could have nicely United sandiviches hy floating them on a piece of steel on the lead pot. This i one i ! the i<ttcr mcthMs for developing chronic lead iH<:V>ning hy ingestion of lead. Finer this fort oi thing if rather unusual, A nu-rc generally applicable device i* :: enclosure oi the process. This is m' " readily seen in the chemical industry where many processes 3fe carried out in a ermpletejy dosed system from the raw materia' tank? at one end oi the packaged produr. at the other. When thoroughly carried c-\ enclosure of the process unquestionably pro the tr-ii.-r problem* in the engineering con vide* the most complete and most tV<o!-pr<rf trol v.f occupational disease have tc* do with ]r`'!tT.:'Ti for the workmen. preventing various kinds of cun?, vapors, case?. <r mist* from getting into the -ir in a place where men can breath them. There are a variety of methods available. The iyjc <-f centred which is most cm- r:: >:i is remora! of the Contaminant. either :r<'~ rhe general atmosphere by venjitari'r < r at rite soiree hy local exhaust ventilati-'r suesmurt matolims It sometime* possible to substitute : !c** t \ir material for the one whirr: is iein? used and avoid the problem. rather or by other mean*, such ?.? wet oKratbc*.. which will prevent cnr/atr.inmion :t- m t-rim <H*;rr*cd ini.-* the atm.--*phere. The iuduitrtal hygienist will centra)?; romntor. example would 1*e the *'.:b:j:n:i'n <** a water emulsion paint for a larger randc up with solvent?. Tin? si.lvc* trie problem of control cf solvent vapor# with n' further effort. It doe* not necessarily solve the whole control problem *inre the pigment may al*ol< toxic. <rVca.-K,r.:-.lly. \\ m?.y \< }*,s?il>lc v- :v/td the hazard by putting it S'-rr.ewherc where corrtdcf protective equipment to l*c prett* far d-.wn trie hue a? a primary method for con:r*;linr a hazard. 1: is useful as a prim ary means when the hazard i o: shorn duration or orrur? infrequently. The main n*c of personal protective equipment is a* a *cernd line of defense after the hazard i* pretty well cn:roljcd hy engineering mean* The main pr-.Mem. in a great many in people do tv * go in the normal course of stance? i? to rcc.gntzc the exact nature and Mv-rk. Ir should no: l< overlooked that extent of the hazard When 'his ha? ]<*r kited oj^rati'-n? almost always require su done, the a*propriatc mean* control arc pervision and maintenance and the j<opJe who do. :~}< ky.'',: tr.ut ?*c protected. An isolated ojveration which i* a serious source of air contamination i very apt to It'omc a ntig::?*or;:<y>f nuisance. apt to i*e fairly obvious. The fan that '.he particular condition ha? never been con trolled by a particular procedure which \tok? correct i? not an adequate reason for deciding that it never can le^Ak SAFETY--A MORAL RESPONSIBILITY fay DR. CAMERON P. HALL executive director. Natrona) Council of the Churches of Christ in the U. S. A., New Yoii city Like ;;:c :nv> b*: coin :n your pvhe:. safety lux* two -iritr-*. One fide deal* with what we do when safety fails: the other side concern? wlm; wc do to promote safety. Specifically, we are '*> dig lenath the pro gram ar.d method. lneath th.e device and technique to the mral basis for why we should do even more titan we arc in push- 12 xng uur -aftftv record higher and higher. At this safeguard-end of the safety problem religion ha* a //lace a* significant a* at the breakdown-end. A concern for safety mea sure? is ied bv a lively sensitivity to the welfare of the individual tlrat is at the heart of the religious life of this nation. Judaism and Christianity are together in aftrming Labor Safety living truth: the individual i* of worth r-c.Tiuse he is of worth to God. What we people do to express in practical term* \-.t worth and dignity r.f the individual is a rr*rrd responsibility upon each of us as an .n-.-vidual and together *n groups. y-.-4 are intimately involved in all the -r-r.cms and interests o: organized labor. i* one of these, but it is not isolated :r ::: your other issues which arc also moral 5o licforc I plunge imo the moral r.sibiVuy, 1 wan; to stress that safety is ;;.r. ;-.r.d jarcel >; other lal^ir programs a:;;:; art also shot through with moral n-ihility. r instance, safeguard? again*; unem ` -:rr:cn! are an arrepifd moral repon.*i- We lave the Full Empl(>7nen; Art f 1946. which ntakef the avoidance of l*jirr.; I-jmertt a public policy. That a man r.-: h**e an opfA-;un.;ry to work if a moral :**je; that industry. lalor and the public in in putting a tv^r beneath the chance 1-e employed i* a moral re?r*sns/h;lity. V.T.cn technological ad\-ance*. such as autor.-a.-ir.n. are tutf-iucei which tf-.reaten xhe ./.Tiifrihflity oi fobs, counter mcaure are :rrr.`Ucd bv laf/or. and receive a g^-'-d hear ing am'ng us. Why' lT.eean*e Seating vritb threat* to unemploirtent is accepted as a r-. ral rvsi*-nsi!*ilt!v in our American way : life. UNEMFLOYMEMT--A MORAL. ISSUE awhence come major threat* to man willing to work l*eing unable to work? '.'vdical. technological, and c-thcr causes, to *: sure, stand out. But men are oiten--all t often--out of a iol> t-erau*c they have T-een hurt or maimed or disabled a? Well as fired l-era-jse r.f come overall economic or Technical *queeze. Los? r.f job and income ;* due in large pan to failure in safeguard* aagainst accident*. Safety is moral rerpon- >ibi!hy lecause assuring the opp-munity for replay-mem if a moral rc*;*^n*ib/br.v. Again, ethical practices by both labor and management are recognized as a moral re sponsibility of both. This phrase--"ethical practices*'---ha* taken on specific reference ;o the right of the individual union member to protection against the misuse of union and welfare fund?. But certainly he is equally emitted to protection from unnec essary accident*--through education and training, on the one hand, and through physical safeguard? cn the other hand. Klindne?* hy a union toward, or tolerance by an employer cf, any carelessness in safety measures t* an unethical practice toward union members and other worker.*--it is a failure in moral responsibility. safety promotes freedom And thirdly, American labor is out in front in helping bring the strength of the L'nited States into the free world. A ?cn?e >f moral responsibility fur *aictv is at the heart of uhat the free world stands for-- the wonh and dignity of the individual. Many tests that we American? have to meet i-cforc world opinion have to do with safety --tests that we are far from passing with the grade that we can always 1/e proud of. I,a*i fall, we had to exjose to the world the hazard to their safety of nine Negro children m going to un Arkansas school. That kin$ of hazard to safety is a failure in <>ur moral responsibility toward the worth i a child. Hu; turn to another aspect of our national life. Our march to ever greater abundance, ever greater productivity, ever greater tech nological prowess is impressive, even breath taking. But, we should be equally concerned with the pace wc4 are setting in on-the-job, ccupational safety. And beyond this we now stand cn the threshold oi the nuclear energy industry, with its reactors and iso* top**, its fissionable fuels and their radio* active waste*. The hazards c.i radiation in this new industry give to moral responsibility for safety a new dimension and urgency. bet me just mention three characteristic? r.f the potential harm there is in radiation: 1. when you are hurt by over-exposure, you do not know it a: the time and ?o start caring fer it; you learn oi it--later; 2. the harmful effects are not transitory; instead, they add up--accumulatively; 3. radiation can reach imo the human reproductive sys tem and hence blight bier generation*. While these dangers are near the surface in the use of radio-active materials, they can be kept under control by vigtlencc Certainly safeguard? against these risk* should have top priority in a safety program. When a stranger, say from the relatively underdeveloped countries in Asia and Africa, or from behind the Iron Curtain, should ask of us, "In your impressive rush toward mourning economic prosperity, and now into U