Document gd5prazZbJo9n1k5n9BYdqOV

SIERRA TALC & CLAY CO. 5 5 0 9 R A N D O L P H ST. Los Angeles 22, California U. S. A. CAMC-Abeyta-002634 "Once upon a time J) T HERE was a time when the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry looked exclusively to Europe for its talcs. Talc, as well as fragrances and essential oils, reached a high state o f development in Europe generations before America was a factor in these industries. Two world wars changed all that. Necessity forced the development of American technology to a point where dependence on European talcs is no longer necessary. Domestic talcs are now superior in many respects to those formerly imported. Born in world W orld W ar I, Sierra Talc & Clay Company throughout the years has acquired the most extensive deposits of pure talcs in the world. Its laboratories and mills, except for wartime restrictions, have devoted their full resources to the production of quality talcs. Since the end of W orld W ar II, research work has been expanded and the latest and best equipment acquired. Today Sierra Talcs are unexcelled throughout the world in many important respects. Sierra's well known brands of different chemical and physical characteristics are adaptable to all types o f cosmetics and medicated powders and tablets. - SS I g ^ TALC^:7V rdr s parts o f the m u*a v- h a v in g c^ e ' "Purities c o m Jt 0/ " d " 5etdom found tfle 7 u re " o n and L Carbo M and silicates o f r State' T h e tim e '" pur,ties ch;TM p` SOda and Potash. Tie" ! * ' 0 " 1'" unction * U ''*, foom ...... b^ d'o -fo m a I acrio and T he better grades o f talcs are n o ted for their translucent, platcy particle structure w hich im parts the charactistic "Slip." Until recendy, talcs w ere purchased by the cosmetic m anufacturer by the "feel" o f the talc and its color only. M odern technical advances, in which Sierra has played a leading part, have shown th at chemical purity, hiding pow er, freedom from grit, bulking, and fineness are equally or m ore im por tan t. T h e se factors are s o c o n tro lled in Sierra's m ines, m ills and la b o ra to ry th a t i t is possible for the cosmetic or pharm aceutical m anufacturer to produce a constantly w ider range o f consum er products. These two properties are considered together because some common m isconceptions over many years have a bearing particularly on the manufacture of face powders. T he original cosmetic producers of Europe and America had only European talc to use in the production of their powders. These talcs are so greasy in feel and the panicles so fiat and thin that they leave a soapy, translucent shine on the skin. Hence, the name "soapstone," a synonym for talc. When rubbed on the skin they seem to disappear. They have in fact no HID IN G POWER. T o compen sate for this characteristic it was the practice of cosmetic manufacturers to blend rather large percent, ages of rice pow der with the talc. Later, the heavy hiding pigm ents like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide replaced the rice pow der and often small percentages of stearates were added to make the slippery talc stick to the face. These pigm ents im part necessary HID IN G POWER and tone dow n the "slip" o f the talc so that the face powder, while still soft and smooth, pleasingly COVERS the skin. The better grades of Sierra Talcs, while still of translucent, platey particle struc ture, do not have the pronounced g reasy feel o r " s li p '' o f th e European talcs. This is where popular misconceptions come in. What has beea considered a disadvantage in dom estic talcs by som e cosm etic m anufacturers 1 is ACTUALLY an advantage. W e c o n te n d th a t th e re are tw o w ays to m ak e g o o d face p o w d e rs w ith to d a y 's talcs. Start with a greasy, low -hide talc and add high percentages o f h iding p ig m en ts to k ill th e sh in e a n d a d d c o v e rin g p o w e r --O R THE SIERRA WAY --Scart w ith a soft, grit-free, platey talc th at has its OWN hiding pow er (w rongfully d e scrib ed as chalky), a n d m aterially REDUCE th e p e rc e n tag e o f h id in g p ig m e n ts. T h e e n d p ro d u c t is th e sam e -- a sm o o th , so ft, h ig h c o v e rin g face p o w d e r th a t leaves th e face sm ooth and velvety. A nd th e cost will be less! l o w e r initial cost-- lesser quantities o f hiding pigm ents costing several tim es m ore than talc! T o the cosmetic manufacturer, next in importance are suitable color and color control. The uniformity of delicate face pow der tints is dependent upoo the color of the talc. Generally speaking, talcs having a yellow-white cast a re superior to those haviag a bluewhite o r gray cast. Sierra Talcs are tested both for top co lo r on the redectom eter a nd fo r undertone by visual com parison in tu rp en tin e--the best m edium for bringing out the shade o f the talc. Each lo t passing thro u g h Sierra's m ills is tested frequently th roughout the m illing period for uniform ity by direct com pari son w ith a laboratory standard. Selective m ining, han d so rtin g , g r it throw -out by m echanical means and fine grinding are the methods used by Sierra for obtaining chemical purity. Stability of color and of fragrance are of utmost im portance to the cosm etic m anufacturer. W hile it has never been conclusively proven that im purities in talc can cause a reaction w ith chemical colors o r perfumes, (he belief still persists. Sierra takes all possible steps to keep their talcs as p u re as possible. C om plete chem ical analyses can be found in Sierra's T a lc Portfolio. Sierra has developed its own sim ple laboratory m ethod of determ ining acid solubles in talc. By this m ethod calcium and magnesium carbonates and soda and potash a re digested and reported as Acid Solu bles com puted for convenience as CaO . The m ore severe m eth o d s such as pe rsc rib e d ia th e U. S. P harm ocopoeia and by the Toilet G oods A ssociadon actually dissolve a substantial am ount o f the talc mineral. Some dom estic talcs have often been noted fo r their harsh, gritty feel. Many im p o rted talcs, w hile soft to the touch, carry high percentages of grit. These harsh particles consist of free silica (quartz), calcite, dolom ite, trem olice, ilm enite, garnet, etc. These are w all rock im purities surrounding the talc vein o r are unaltered m inerals in the talc body. P ro p er mining technique, screening, hand sorting, mechani cal elim ination, fine g rin d in g and a ir separation a re the m ethods used by Sierra to elim inate g rit Sierra Talcs are frequently tested by the old reliable "bite" test but are graded in the laboratory by decantation a nd m icro sco p ic study. Know ledge o f the bulking characteristics o f a talc is essential to the cosmetic manufacturer because o f the packing problem . Sierra Talcs are graded to a definite b u lking range -- by the S cott V olum eter for loose bulking and by the T . G . A. (Sturges) method for packed density. You can build your package around a Sierra T a lc w h e th e r you p ro d u ce a la rg e fluffy.packed bath or dusting powder, o r a small densely packed face pow der o r cake and Sierra controls will assure you a uniform ly filled package. Sierra T alcs are generally milled finer than talcs produced elsewhere. T he latest and most efficient pulverizers and efficient air separation assure free dom from over-size particles irritating to the skin. In a d d ition to fineness r e p o rte d by screen tests in th e T able, S ie rra tests and g rad e s all of its talc by detailed particle size distribution analyses in the subsieve m icron range. These analyses are to be found in Sierra's com plete T alc P o rtfo lio o r w ill be furnished separately on request. - * ' - ' - ' 7 77. ' " 7 PROPERTIES OP SIERRA TALCS BY CRADE fy SIERRA SUPREME USP Most important to the pharmaceutical manufacturer is CHEMICAL PU RITY. This is becoming recognized as equally im portant to the producers of baby powders, foot pow ders, heat rash pow ders and other medi cated preparations. T he standard of purity is set by the U. S. Pharmacopoeia. N o talc producer was able to market In quantity a talc that could be certified U. S. P. until Sierra started producing Sierra Supreme U S P . Formerly, U. S. P. Talcs had to be produced by acid leaching--a costly process. Sierra by means of research and special equipment developed Sierra Supreme U S P for the pharmaceutical and medicated powder trade. Being grit free, white, and of maximum purity it can be incorporated in tablets for internal use without wear on the delicate tablet dies and w ithout danger of toxicity. Properties By U. S. P. Test Methods U. S. P. XIII Requirement Loss on Ignition (1 hr. at 850 C ) ...................................5.00% maximum Acid Soluble S u b s ta n c e s .........................10.00 M g " Water Soluble S u b s ta n c e s .................. 5.00 Mg " Reaction to L itm u s.....................................Neutral Water Soluble I r o n ............................... None Grit (Bite T e s t ) ....................................None Sierra Supreme USP 3.00-4.00% 7--9 M g 3--4 Mg Neutral None None SIERRA SUPREME 325 This talc is similar to Sierra Supreme U S P except it is not certified to pass the requirements of the U. S. Pharmacopoeia. Nevertheless, it is an extremely pure talc containing less than 1% acid solubles. It assures maximum fragrance retention. It is the whitest of all regular quality Sierra talcs, making possi ble uniform production of the m ost delicate face pow der tints. Its fine grind and light bulking perm its the cosmetic producer to produce a large package of fluffy bath or dusting pow der. SIERRA SUPREME 2 0 0 T his talc is identical to Sierra Supreme 325 except it is m illed coarser and is of greater apparent density. It is designed for those wishing to produce a heavier or smaller package. TRINITY SUPERFINE and TRINITY SUPER These are Sierra's most popular non-premium cosmetic talcs and are the largest selling cosmetic talcs in the country. Trinity talcs have been the standard of a number of world famous cosmetic companies for many years. Production comes from Sierra's Oasis mine (Nevada) w hich has been in operation for over 15 years. T his mine contains many years supply o f uniform quality talc of very white, platey structure, low in acid solubles and of great uniformity. The two talcs differ only in fineness. Trinity talcs are recommended for both face and dusting powder. SIERRA CLOUD and SIERRA SNOW These are Sierra's original cosmetic talcs first produced in the early twenties and still the best know n m edium .priced talcs on the market. The two grades differ only in fineness. Sierra Cloud is recommended for face and dusting powders. Sierra Snow, slightly heavier in bulking, is recommended for after shave talcum. Both talcs are soft in texture and are maintained to strict uniformity. SIERRA VA PO R This grade is made from the same raw talcs as Cloud and Snow. T he name, Sierra V ipor, indicates its greater fineness. It is graded to minimum alkalinity-less than 3/4 of 1%. Its lighter bulking makes it adaptable to very fluffy powders. -- continued over 'b t i E < I <> D D CAMC-Abeyta-002636 (continuedjrom previous page) SILVER COSMETIC "IS" and SILVER TALC " N S " These talcs are distinguished by their lower bulking characteristics, differing principally in fineness. Silver Cosmetic "IS" is about 1/5 heavier in density than Sierra's other types, and Silver T alc "N S" is about 1/3 heavier. They perm it the smallest size face pow der package o f equal w eight of any cosmetic talc on the market. Packed density is still greater and powders produced from "IS" and "NS" will not fly in the air w hen applied w ith a pow der puff. They are excellent for rouges an d cake applications. ECONOMY TALCS Sierra produces several talcs in the low price range designed primarily for those catering to the ten to fifty cent trade. Specifications are not shown in the table but can be found in Sierra's complete T alc Portfolio. These are T rinity XXX, Sierra White and LS Silver. T rinity XXX is m illed to a fineness, of 98-99% /325, has a color range of 93-95 and loose bulking of 26-28 lbs. cu. ft. Sierra White is produced to a fineness of 95-97% /325, color 90-92, bulking 26-28 lbs. cu. ft. L. S. Silver is o f the same type as "IS" and "N S" Silver talcs, w ith a fineness of 95-97%/325, color 93-95, bulking 31-33 lbs. cu. ft. Special talcs to meet any m anufacturer's specifications can be custom produced by Sierra from its many types of raw talcs. The following table lists the principal properties of interest to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic manufacturer. For further data consult the complete Sierra Talc Portfolio: Acid Solubles P ercent 1 Sierra3 Purity TG A 2 <%) (%) --------1 G rit7 Fineness Bulking Milled* Residue % Minus Loose* Packed3*5 Color <%) 325 Mesh Sierra Supreme USP Sierra Supreme 32 5 Sierra Supreme 200 Trinity Superfine Trinity Super Sierra Cloud Sierra Snow Sierra Vapor Silver Cosmetic "IS" Silver Talc "NS" 96-97 95-97 95-97 95-97 95-97 94-96 94-96 96-97 92-93 91-92 O.9O-O.95 1.0-1.5 2.5-2.8 2.8-30 2.8-3.0 3.5-4.5 3.5-4.5 2 .8 -3 .O 6.0-8.0 6.0-8.0 0.35-0.50 0.60-0.75 0.8-1.0 0.9-1.2 0.9-1.2 I . 9 -2.5 1.9-2-5 O.6-O.9 3.2-3.5 2 . 5 -3 .O 21-22 21-22 26-27 23-24 25-26 27-28 28-29 22-23 28-29 32-33 38-40 38-40 54-55 45-46 50-51 50-51 52-53 38-40 51-53 53-55 98-99 98-99 9 8-99 98-99 97-98 95-97 95-97 96-97 95-97 95-97 0. 1-0.2 0.2-0.3 0. 7 -0.9 0 .6 -0.8 2.0-2.5 1.0-1.5 1.8-2.3 0.6-0.8 1.5-2.5 3.5-4.5 997-99-9 99-7-999 95-97 99.5-99.7 95-97 99.5-99.7 95-97 99.6-99.8 99.5-99.7 95-97 ' NOTES 1 Percent purity is expressed as the com bined percentages o f Silicoa dioxide (S1O2), Magnesia Oxide (MgO), and chemically com bined water <H20 ). 2 Tested in accordance with the Toilet Goods Association Specification No. 10, M ethod No. 11. Issued June 1, 1942. 3 Sierra T alc & Clay Co. M ethod: Boil 1 gm talc w ith 50 m l N /10 H 2SO4 for one minute. T itrate while hot with N/10 NaOH using phenophthalein indicator. 50 minus NaOH titer multiplied by 0.281 equals percent acid soluble substances calculated as CaO. 4 Scott Volumeter bulking o f the "fluffed" mate rials as Ibs./ft.S 5 Toilet goods Association Specification No. 10, Method No. 12, reported as lbs. per cu. ft. For grams per m illiliter divide by 62.43. 6 Diffuse reflectance of a smooth plane surface of the powdered material. Measured using a Pfaltz & Bauer Universal Reflecto meter and freshly prepared M gO as standard of 100 percent reflectance. 7 Figures shown represent the percent m ineralg ica! constituents, determined petrographically, having a Mohs hardness greater than that of talc, in the decantation residue. CAMC-Abeyta-002637 IERRA Talc & Clay Company operates three mills, two in Los Angeles and one ab K eeler, in the Owens V alley o f California, west of Death Valley. Fourteen m ining properties operated by Sierra on both sides of Death Valley yield all the known types of talc -- steatite, fibrous, platey, and tremolitic. Control laboratories are located at each mill, and a large central laboratory is m aintained at headquarters for research and development. The availability of necessary raw talcs, plus expert m ining technique, production know-how and laboratory con trol and research make possible a SPECIFIC Sierra Talc for every known use. CERAMICS COSMETICS PHARMACEUTICALS PAINT MANUFACTURING TEXTILE FINISHING SOAP MANUFACTURING PAPER MAKING RUBBER PRINTING INKS ROOFING RICE CO ATIN G INSECTICIDES For the complete story of Sierra talcs, our handy and complete loose Talc Portfolio will be sent you on request. Full specification^ on ALL our talcs for ALL uses are contained in this portfolio together with results of our research projects. Individual pamphlets similar to this are also available covering the specific industries listed above. " . r C N 1,, * v' - . ,' ' . *,L K, v ' / \ i W ** , -k- , , - s . ' _ , % *'* ' l' ' V- t r * . V , ' *- -<; ' ' *` _? / t< i ' ' .. * ' Vi '5 ' , . -, ,' fi * 1 > '< > ` -*V. * ' <N- i -r , ' 7 -'' 1 - /*; - ' v ' *' r ` ' , r%' . 1j V\ I 7; V; . "*. ^ ` /*> i - v -A '- 1 i i ' _ -'a - ' / .^.VX v' */.*. . f a. , : V ;; \ - J' , s y' ^ ' .> < ^ v r - . 1 *' , / w , ` 'V .; - -. *- ` - V , ,-'V,, V--Jv 1' ' ' '' 'V < i> - - V , * **wrA r ` ' 7 ,, < v Vl . 'I '' ': : < > ' *-W. * ' - A.v/ r* . . . - - i - V PRINTED IN U S A . ^ 'v ' .':^ iiM ^ lD D < p C ]b CAMC-Abeyta-002638 BABYPOWDER | EYEMAKEUP | DUSTINGPOWDER BBRLAOUSUSEGHSEESS PDHUASTRIMNGACEUTICAL 1I ASYESRTOESMOSL CBAOTLCOHREMSASTER PFEXHILCALIERPRMIEAN&CTEUTICAL CLORTEAIOMNSS SDTEIOCDKORANT This chart provides the new product names for the same Cyprus talcs you have been pur* chasing through Whittaker, Clark and Daniels. On September 17, 1982, the marketing en vironment for talc will be restructured. In a ma jor way. Under an existing arrangement with Whittaker, Clark and Daniels, Inc., Cyprus has been selling talc to Whittaker And Whittaker has been reselling It to you. This arrangement will expire and Cyprus will sell and distribute its talc directly.. .in full car load, L C L and LTL. *8 ^ 't k MMl ^8) Usp * InNewJersey, call collect (609) 667-9198. Cyprus Industrial Minerals Company/Talc Division Box 3419, Englewood, C O 80155/(303) 740-5440 CYP" ^ CAMC-Abeyta-002639