Document gamkRMQErpGzKkdke6m30yDm3

24rw 1rdrnrm * lk*-i March 4, 1940 ./ #/ ^ J ! 1^ MTlHGIIOUaE 4EHTEBH CAHAClTOIt^J C*tuv. S am o * 41-275 I'acb 1 TYPE FP INERTEEN CAPACITORS Internally Water-Cooled For Hifh Frequency Service Application ing, saves material and eliminates re energy in the inductive coit or furnace Dunns the Iasi decade the high fre quency induction funmre principle of heat treating end the melting of steel alloys, has grown to an important posi tion in industry. Used for melting-- the furnace greatly reduces time, ha* low metal losses, produces metal of greater uniformity, control* stirring during melt and enables making quick changes from one alloy to another. For heat treating, the furnace--re ject*. It is evident, therefore, that with can be converted into heat, the wattless these advantages, the use of high fre component is large -ompared to the quency equipment has many possi power component and the power factor bilities. is low, usually of the order of 10%. H The component parts of an induc is far more economical to supply this tion furnace equipment are: reactive component with capacitors (1) --Induction furnace, or inductive than to build the generator for tha total heating element kv-a. load. If the power factor is correct (2) --High set frequency motor generator ed to unity, the may be reduced that otherwise si* of the generator to onc-lenth the si*e would be required. (3) --Caparitors Without suitable capacitors, induction duces time to a matter of seconds, pro (4) --Control equipment. furnace applications would be severely c vides close temperature control and Due to the feci that only a relatively handicapped--if not altogether econom one hardening, prevent* scale in forg small portion of the electro-magnctic ically impractical. ( P ic . I -- iM o o c rio * P c s .vacs C F t c i n INSTALLATION CoH SiSTisc o r U t*M in S tv c f N o 112404}. T o i a i K v -a . J IIO . C A fA crros U htts At - W u i u d at 110 K v-a . Eac* S tK C it T h a is 96 0 C m .* * ES-S. A.J 4-J4. X C A C4-24 Rrnt*4 (12 SS) 207824 49-17$ CiTAinc Sacrtnn - |*A;k 2 I f , 1 -------------- 71 F.STt MGIIOUM'. I n K R T E E N C A P A C I T O R S M a r c h 4, 1 94 0 F ic. 2--Cooling Coil to T r r * FP Wa iea-Co o h o I nebteen CAPAmo* TYPE FT IN C S T Il* CATACITOR3--C . n i l n ^ U u n of Induction Furnac Eq uipm ent Automobile and automobile parts manufacturers, Diesel and gasoline engine manufacturers, also producers ol high grade ferrous alloys are the prin cipal users. Scop of Activity for In d u c tion Furnaces Some of the uses are: 1. Induction heating for melting al loys. 2. Forging. 3 Up setting. 4 Paint drying. 5. Induction heating for hardening internal bearing surfaces such hut* of automobile heels. 6 Induction haating for hardening external bearing surfaces such as crank and cam shafts. General In cycle capacitors, the cost and size is determined largely by the voltage stress that can be put on the la u d a tio n in the design. Wish established values of voltage strop, the loss to be dissipated from the surface of the case is within FiC 1--Toe View o* T m PP W a t t s -Co o led I h e a t e e n C a t a c i. io b w i,N t e n A R k m o m o S h o v in g Ssciioks Clampao ik P lace orPig. S--C itawat V irw Showing M ethod prtHDiNr. Paojectivo Foil E oora.o StcrioM to C o o u x c Coils a i Each E xd o r Unit NPC0001609$ 207825 M arch 4. 19*0 Ca T *1Jfyr. Sim iiii 4-275 W c iT in c u o u tK Irttu T R e N C A P A crroe* ________________ P ace 3 T Y U fT IN U T U H CAM CITOM Cw iiln w j CASC the limits of natural cooling. Artificial cooIinf would not permit smaller units or larger kv-. rating for a r vo unit, because although the increased loss could b# removed, this incren-sed rating would necessitate increasing the voltage applied to the material. With higher frequencies, the cost per Icv-a. may be reduced by limiting the voltage stress to or below es(abb shed 60 cycle values and artificially removing the excan beat to keep the insulation working temperature within estab lished limits. A line of high frequency capacitor ratings has been developed employing water cooling to limit internal insulation working temperatures. Water cooling ia practical for thee applications be cause the inductive beating devices must be water cooled also and water cooling facilities are therefore available on such installations, as well aa attendant to regulate the flow of water. In a capacitor of this kind, there are two major problems not present in 60 cycle capacitors. One is the large amount of heat to be transferred from Uie work ing dielectric to tbe point of dissipation, which in this case; is the water coila, and_th* pther is the Urge currents to be handled. The use of copper foil provides a path of high thermal conductivity and at the aarae time, permits efficient soldered bonds to the water coil for transferring tbs*heat and handling the current", and solderetTbondi at the other end ends for handling the current. The 0 HHh c, c P ig 7-- Sch em a tic D ia c ia m o r Gokhsctiom* use of copper foil with all turns bonded together with solder, keeps the P R loss in the (oil to a minimum value, as well as rendering the sections non-inductjve. Construction The capacitor sections or working elements are made by winding a special grade of Westinghouse Inertex paper with thin copper foil. Tbe foil* of each polarity extend beyond the paper at each side of the section. One of ths* extensions ia bonded together and a t tached to a heavy flexible lead. The other is bonded together and soldered to the water coil in the final assembly. Thia connection serves the double purpose of conducting the heat to tbe water and carry ing the current. Tbe cooling coil conaista of a con tinuous length of special copper tubing free from sharp turns that might be come clogged. See Fig. 2. The sections are assembled between clamp plates and located within tbe cooling coil as shown in Pig. 3. Tbe lends ar* brought out at the center as shown, and the ground terminals of each group of arctkms it near the ends of the case. This arrangemen t crimes the heat from the center in both direc tions, resulting in uniform distribution of henl left in the cnsc. Liberal lends and studs are provided to handle the current encountered fat these ratings. The cooling lubes pass along tbe top edge of the cl.imp plates and are soldered in grooves. Tl>e ground connection or mid point of the capacitor is alto made at this point. Tins mid point mutt handle the currant for both groups when used. The design provides for direct cooling of this connection as shown in Fig. 4. the heavy braids conducting the heal directly to the water coils. Pig 5 shows a cut-away view of a complete unit. The terminals are sold ered to porcelain type, having heavy studs with H -- 13 thread. Figs. 6 and 6 further illustrate the rheme of con nections. The main terminals are in dicated as 1 and 3, Figs. 6 and 7. The case is all welded construction with A" recess at the bottom to aid in locating the unit on insulators, as ia most applications, the cases must be insulated from ground. The top of the case is made of non-magnetic stainless steel on ratings of 5000 cycles and above, to limit the heat generated in the cover. The inlet and outlet eater connec tions are tapped for } ( " standard pipe threads and short tubes are furnished for attaching rubber hoee. r K>. - T v r s P P i.*o K v-a . U 5 0 /S 2 5 Vot-T. It 7 M ro . j K c t t s x * C afacitos. S ttlc No 1124042, COMFLSTS h o t --A 0 rtings in TaMc I are sim ilar in i/p*srmne NPCOOOl&lOO 207826 4MTI Catalog S ie n o ii Page * 'W EBTmctiousE I nkrteen C apacitors TYPE PP IN IR T U N CAPACITOR*OUTLINE DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Maar.ii 4, 1940 Th* complete unit is shown in Fig. S. The complete assemhled capacitor unit, minus the porcelain terminals, is vacuum dried tnd impregnated end filled with capacitor Inertten. This fluid not only ic non-inflammable but in combination with the capacitor paper used is especially suited to high fre quency applications. The working Iowa are equal or leas than W ol i% ot the lev-a. at which the unit is being op e n ted. RatInga Capacitors for high frequency service are rated in terms of maximum operat ing voltages for one or more frequencies. A unit having a given voltage and fre quency rating may be operated at or below this voltage and any, lower fre quency. For a higher frequency, the unit may be worked at a lower voltage; Units should not be operated at fre quencies higher than nameplate values without advice from headquarters as to the operating voltage limit at this higher frequency. Formulas applying: ,, 10* Kv-a. " E* 2 v f Where Kv-a. Rating of capadfor unit. C --Capacity of microfarads. E -R a te d capacitor voltage. F --Frequency of generator. Example 1 Given: Capacitor Style No. 1124042, 230 Kv-a., 11.7 mfd., 1250 volt, 2000 cycles. What Kv-a. would thia unit give at 900 cycles, 1000 volts? Solution: 11.7alQOO*x2xJ. 1416x960 K v-a.--------------- -- ---------------- Answer Kv-a. --70 Example 2 Required: 230 Kv-a., 3000 cycle, 800 volt capacitor unit. What would be the capacity in microfarads? Solution: UFx230 "00*12x3.1416x3000 Answer C --19.1 nrfd. Table I on page 3 shows the ratings dwuhaicl hractaend,bheamveanthuefahctui mreda.ppArlolxuimniattse, net weight, namely, 92 pounds and hipping weight 115 pounds. The out line dimensions for all the ratings listed la the same, and are shown in Fig. 9. Pic. to --S m ru ric o Diagram o r High Paxousvcv Eqvipu*.nt ><jr Msliixc A rrviuT toM 207827 c ( c -- BOI-- March 4. 1*40 I - --------- - '--" ------ --- ~ WE0TINCIIOE9E 1WEHTEE.** CArACITOHS C*T*t-or. .HurnoN 49-27S '~ ~ Pacr S TYP* PP INEHTEXN CAPACtTORS--C n i l ^ TABLE 1- L 1ST P R 1CES Stylt No. i C A p o tito r 1 190 901 1 IR 989 1 169 983 1 19 049 1 1 9 98 1 161 719 1 19 107 1 196 986 1 194 108 1 196 986 1 199 987 1 166 988 1 196 989 1 169 990 1 199 91 1 166 991 1 166 999 F re q ae n tr 500 500 9%0 960 1000 1000 MO 500 960 960 1000 7000 500 500 960 940 7000 7000 5000 500C 500 500 960 900 7000 7000 7000 1000 2000 2000 3000 JOOO aoo 4*00 7000 1000 5000 >000 3000 >000 >000 5000 4*00 4100 r" 4600 4400 9400 9600 MO 9600 9*00 9400 9400 MO (MO 9460 V oIumt 500 1000 00 1000 500 1000 542 1124 562 1114 561 1124 425 1250 615 I2J0 625 1250 510 1020 7 50 1500 150 1500 750 1500 250 500 625 1250 625 1250 562 1124 625 1250 615 1750 750 1500 100 1600 650 1260 750 1500 530 1060 200 400 421 ns* TM IM S .8 5 Connection Parallel 5<tvca Parallel Sc h m Parallel Serie Parallel Parallel S v Im Parallel Senat Parallel Serie Parallel Serie Paiall! Sem Parallal Sr>M Parailtl Santa Parallel Senn Parallel Serie Parallel Serie Parallel Sana ParellaJ Sene Parallel 6er: ee Parallel Sana Parallel Serie Parallal S a n ti Parallel Sanaa Parallal SariM Parallal Sana Parallel Sera Parallel Senat *W W S in Parallel Sene FW )I errat M id. 7J I* 13 71 I I 25 73 1125 17 14 25 57 14.25 57 14.25 46 11.7 46 I 117 46. 117 46 1 11.7 53.5 .37 33 3 I 37 33 3 *.37 93.6 23 9 24 6 24 6 24 6 12 3 31 7.75 22.5 5.62 19.1 4 77 19 1 4.77 13 3 3 37 13 5 3.37 31 3 9 37 98 2.45 6 82 1 70 4 1.1 K*. 57.3 57.5 1)9 110 m230 7. 17 3 110 110 MO 230 57.3 7.3 110 110 230 230 230 150 17.1 57 5 110 110 230 230 75 75 113 113 71 71 230 2JO 37 J 37.3 173300 IX 730 ZJO 2>0 710 230 230 230 230 230 92 92 IX 230 230 230 730 230 Ampere IIS 57.3 720 110 460 230 102 5) 194 9* 410 203 92 44 176 8 36 1*4 450 225 74.7 >1.3 147 73.5 3 07 153.3 300 150 1(4 92 177 9 410 205 92 46 36 1*4 307 133.1 2*4 144 365 182 307 153.3 433 211 460 230 348 IM 307 IS J.i TU 144 L<at I'rlee* ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ .............. ................ ................. ................ ................ ......... ................ ................ ................ V'okag valoa, as givan on tha namepiata, arc m u d iD u m . Microfarad vaJues dien piven o n the nameplate are mini* muffl, all tnanufacturifif tolarane* bamj in the plut diraction. * f t f l c r /t i t (fca a e a r e r t M la t i R ( lV. NPC00016102 207828 4 9-175 Catalog S am ox |*AOl 6 WESTINGHOUSE I h EMTEEN C A PA CITO R ? M arch 4. | 0 10 TYPE FT INCRTUN CAPACITOR--Cw IIa m 4 Installation conditions. The number of unit* that may be placed in senes on the water line Mounting--The liollom of the unit ic depends on the minimum pressure likdy provided with a j\ " recess. It may be to be encountered and the maximum mounted on u mctnl pintc which is expected water tenqieruUire. The unit* mounted on insulator*, or directly on are designed for n normal flow of one insulntorx using the j*|" edge to keep gallon per minute and an outlet water it in position. temperuture not exceeding J0*C. Bus B eri--The bus structure should The pressure drop In the cooling coil provide sufficient flexibility so that ex is given in the following table: cessive mechanical strains will not be placed upon the porcelain terminals. PrtMur Gallon Per Sq. Inch Cation Per M inute Water Connection--The unit is fitted with ahorl brass tubes having \ i " stand 2 3 .4T 9 5 1 0 Norm al on+ralirv? point ard pipe thraads on one end. They may 15 I.J be used to attach hose connection*. The hose connection should be sufficiently The approximate rise in the water in long to insulate for the voltage likely to on unit operating at 2.10 kv-a. and appear between case*, or from case to when on gallon per minute is following, ground both under normal and abnormal is 3*C. Pie. tl--TveicAi Namifiatb Precaution* It is not customary to equip high frequency capacitor milalfations with permanently connected discharge de vices, although these can be mpplicd when ordered. In most applications, the circuit arrangement provides for auto matic recharging. However, in all cases before handling a capacitor unit, it should be discharged, using an insulated wire and avoiding drawing the dis charge arc from the threads of the capacitor terminals, as this may damage the threads. The outlets from each capacitor or each group of capacitors which are in senes on the wateT line should be located in an easily accessible place where the flow of water can be measured and ob served and its temperature measured from time to time. Where there is like lihood of interruption of the water supply, such as stoppage of auxiliary pumps, etc., it is preferable to provide interlocking means to shut down the equipment when the flow of water through the capacitors is terminated or substantially reduced, as the capacitor might easily be damaged otherwise. Where the capacitors are exposed to freer.ing temperature and are not in operation, provisions must be made for blowing the residual water out of the capacitor units by means of air pressure. The capacitor cooling coils and the water system should be periodically blown out to eliminate the accumulation of sediment, a t' intervals depending upon the local water supply. Strainers should be provided on the water supply main connections. The capacitor unite covered in Table 1 are all equipped with a nameplate as shown In Pig. II, giving the rating on the basis of series or parallel operation, and in some coses the rating is given for more Ilian one frequency. This nameplate is typical of one unit, style number 1124042. r c NPC00016103 V- 207829 r Much 4, 19 W) iA i ^ ESTINGlIOt SE iRF.ttTEE* CAPACITOR* type rr inerteen capacitor--c*ii>"~4 \> Catauk; S m o * 49-27$ Pac 7 207830