Document gam1Zwkb00Y7vYv2pM4E65vnQ
SILVERMAN ET AL.--AIR FLOW MEASUREMENTS ON HUMANS 467
gas exchange) at 1,107 Kg.-M. per minute than the rest of the subjects. The air flows and minute volumes plotted in chart 1 increase exponentially up to 1,384 Kg.-M. and then tend to decrease sharply in slope. The respiration rate, however, increases steadily up to the highest work rate. The pulse rate also increases steadily but appears to have a large shift between 622 and 830 Kg.-M. per minute. This shift may be caused by the larger number of subjects at 830 Kg.-M. per minute.
Table 4.--Mean Air Flow Measurements and Gas Analyses (Resistance: 64 Mm. Inspiratory, 41 Mm. Expiratory)
Work rate
0 208 415 * 415 622 830 1,107 1,384 1,660
Kg.-M. Kg.-M. Kg.-M. Kg.-M- Kg.-M. Kg.-M. Kg.-M. Kg.-M. Kg.-M. Seden- per per per per per per per per per tary Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min. Min.
Subjects in mean
Pulse rate per minute..............
Respiration rate per minute..
Minute volume, 1.........................
Maximum inspiratory flow, 1. per minute .......................................
Maximum expiratory flow, 1. per minute :....................................
Maximum inspiratory flow
Minute volume '
Maximum expiratory flow
Minute volume
Maximum Inspiratory flow
Maximum expiratory flow
Inspiratory cycle OT
Total cycle
Expiratory cycle w
Total cycle
Rise
Inspiratory cycle'
Sustained flow
Inspiratory cycle '
Maximum flow occurrence ^
Expiratory cycle
........................
13 75 t 14.8 9.1 t 37 29 3.9
3.1
1.3
38.2
57.5
19.1
62.6
27.5
12 91 17.5 13.2 44 37
3.4
2.8
1.2
43.1
6.1
17.7
60.1
37.6
12 103 18.7
19.8 60 56 3.1
2.8
1.1
46.4
63.3
15.1
62.2
44.7
14 118 22.0
28.2
12 115
20.7 27.0
79 78
85 t 77 2.8 2.9
3.0 t 2.9
0.9 t 1.0
48^7 47.9
50.9 52.0
13.3 14.5
66.5 65.2
39.9 45.0
12 131
22.5 36.2 101 105 2.8
2.9
1.0
49.0
60.9
12.6
66.0
45.8
48 155
27.4 48.9 128 144
2.6
2.9
0.9
61.2
48.6
11.6
71.7
45.1
22 169
32.5 64.4 160 195
2.5
3.0
0.9
51.9
47.8
11.5
73.0
46.9
6 176
34.2 81.3 192 252 2.4
3.1
0.8
63.9
46.2
10.2
74.3
43.6
3 184 42.0
90.3 240 274
2.7
3.0
0.9
51.4
47.1
11.8
71.9
45.6
Bfse
, %..............................
Expiratory cycle
14.1
Sustained flow m
-- - ;------ - ---- t 70...............................
Expiratory cycle Inspiratory work rate, Kg....
42.3 0.4
Expiratory work rate, Kg....
0.1
Total respiratory work rate, Kg............. 0.2
Oxygen deficit, %...................................
3.79
Oxygen consumption, ml. per minute. 304
Carbon dioxide production, ml. per minute ............................................................
259
Respiratory quotient ......................
0.85
18.4
49,2 0.6 0.3 0.4 4.15
489
416 0.85
20.3 15.7 19.1 20.3 17.7 19.4 18.7 19.5
54.9 57.2 57.8 60.1 61.4 62.1 65.8 62.8
1.3 2.5 2.3 4.1 7.2 12.7 19.3 27.8 0.7 1.1 . 1.3 2.5 5.2 9.'5 16.5 19.2 0.9 1.8 1.8 3.3 6.1 11.1 18.0 23.3 4.60 4.75 4.85 4.98 4.70 4.54 4.14 3.98 812 1,190 1,159 1,606 2,052 2,591 3,033 3,245
709 1,052 1,039 1,482 1,976 2,621 3,231 3,450 0.87 0.89 0.90 0.92 0.96 1.01 1.07 1.07
* Resistance was 64 mm. inspiratory and 27 mm. expiratory, t One less subject is included in mean.
Sr'.' Effect of Resistance on Respiratory Air Flows.--The effect of resistance in this study is shown by the data in -table 4. The standard deviations for these data are presented in table 5. The data of table 4 show the effect of a combined resistance of 64 mm. of water at 85 1. per minute during inspiration and 41 mm. of water during expiration. This resistance approximates that of gas masks and other breathing apparatus. The effects of inspiratory and expiratory resistance when they occur separately are described in a recent O.S.R.D. report.11
The data of table 4 are plotted in chart 2. In shape all the curves are quite similar to those of chart 1. The values are reduced in several cases because of the
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