Document gaLraDgz7Z56vzVQovqdOwvgL

LIST OF TABLES Florida Population Growth, 1980--1985 Components of Growth, Florida, 1950-1985 Mobility Status, 1975--1980: Florida and the United States 19S0 Population Age 5 and Over, by State: Percent Living in Another State in 1975 1980 Florida Population Age 5 and Over: Percent Living in Another State or Abroad in 1975 In- and Outmigration within the United States, 1975-1980 State of Origin of Florida Inmigrants, 1975-1980 State of Destination of Florida Qutmigrants, 1975--1980 Florida Migration by Sex, Race and Age, 1975-1980 1980 Population of States: Percent Living in State of Birth 1980 Population of Florida: Percent Born in Florida, by Age and Race Percent of the 1976 Population 14 Years Old and Over Residing in State of Current Residence, by Selected Durations for Regions, Divisions and States Length of Residence in Florida, by Age and Race, 1983 (Percent Distribution) Florida Counties: 1980 Population Age 5 and Over, by Residence in 1975 (Percent Distribution) Florida Counties: 1980 Population by Region of Birth (Percent Distribution) Nonpermanent Residents by State: April 1, 1980 Permanent and Nonpermanent Residents by Month of Survey: Florida, 1983 Months Spent in Florida by Nonpermanent Residents: 1983 Number of Out-of--State Visitors and Average Length of Stay, by State, 1977 (thousands) Florida Tourism, by Quarter, 1985 Nonpermanent Residents in the State and Selected Counties of Florida, 1980 Number of Florida Visitors, by County, 1985 oooorJ02 SAL 0 LIST OF APPENDIXES 1980 Population of Florida Counties and County Groups, by Place of Residence in 1975, by Age and Race Place o-f Birth of 1980 Population of Florida Counties and County Groups, by Age and Race Ji JL SAL 000002703 I. Introduction In 1900 Florida was the smallest state in the South, with a population barely over halt a million. By 1985 its population had grown to almost 11.6 million, making it the second largest state in the South and the sixth largest in the United States. By 1990 it is projected to surpass Illinois and Pennsylvania to become the -fourth largest state. Its projected 1990 population of 12.6 million will trail only Cali-fornia, New York and Texas. Florida's population growth since 1900 is summarized in Table 1. Growth rates have been very high, ranging from 29 to 79 percent per decade, much higher than the 10--to--20 percent growth rates for the United States as a whole. Florida's highest growth rate was in the 1950's, when its population grew by 79 percent. The largest numerical increase, however, was the 1970's, when Florida's population grew by almost 3 million, more than any other state except California and Texas. Florida's growth rate of 43.5 percent between 1970 and 1980 was also the third highest of any state, trailing only Nevada and Arizona. Rapid population growth has continued since 1980, and the average annual increase of 308,000 since 1980 is actually slightly higher than the average annual increase between 1970 and 1980. What has caused Florida's rapid population growth? There are only two components of population growth: natural increase and net 1 SAL 000002704 migration. Natural increase is the difference between the numbers of ' births and deaths in a population, while net migration is the i, difference between the number of persons moving into a region and the number moving out. Population growth thus depends on the relative magnitudes of these two components of growth. Table 2 shows Florida's natural increase and net migration between 1950 and 1985. Natural increase rose during the 1950's as a result of the Baby Boom, and declined during the 1960`s and early 1970's when the Baby Boom came to an end. It rose again during the late 1970's and early 1980's as the Baby Boom generation reached adulthood and began having children of its own. Natural increase is projected to begin falling in the late 1980's and become negative by the mid-1990's, as the steadily rising number of deaths per year in Florida's continually aging population surpasses the relatively stable number of births per year. If natural increase is very small (or negative), it follows that any population increase will depend primarily (or totally) on net migration. The net migration stream into Florida in recent decades has been huge: more than 1.6 million during the 1950's, more than 1.3 million during the 1960's, more than 2.7 million during the 1970's and more than 1.3 million during the first half of the 1980's. Florida has grown more by net migration during the 1970`s and 1980`s than any otherstate. Net migration accounted for 70 to 80 percent of Florida's 00000^705 SAL population growth during the 1950's and 1960's. Since 1970, however, net migration has accounted for more than 90 percent of growth. This proportion is higher in Florida than in any other state, not only because of the large migration flow into the state, but also because of the very low rate of natural increase. If current projections of births and deaths prove to be accurate, net migration will account for all of Florida's population growth by the mid-1990's. This is already the case in 11 of the state's 67 counties. Florida is thus a very mobile, migratory state. When the millions of tourists and seasonal residents are added to the permanent population, the extent of this mobility becomes- even greater. Section II of this report discusses the mobility, migration and length of residence of Florida's permanent population. Section III discusses several measures of the tourist and seasonal population in Florida. Both of these sections include some data at the state level and some data for individual counties. Section IV summarizes the major findings and explores several alternate approaches to the measurement of human exposure to environmental hazards. SAL 000002706 II. Mobility, Migration and Length of Residence State o-f Florida Mobility and Migration, 1975--1980. Table 3 shows the mobility of the Florida population between 1975 and 1980 compared with the mobility of the United States population. Df the United States population age 5 and over in 1980, 53.6 percent were living in the same house as in 1975. Of the Florida population age 5 and over, only 46.2 percent were living in the same house as five years earlier. The biggest cause of this difference was interstate migration. Of Florida's 1980 population, 22.2 percent had lived in a different state or abroad in 1975. Of the United States population in 1980, only 11.5 percent had lived in a different state or abroad in 1975. As shown in Table 4, the proportion of the 1980 population that had lived in another state or abroad in 1975 was higher in Florida than in any other states except Nevada, Alaska, Wyoming, Arizona, Hawaii and Colorado. On this measure of mobility, the interstate migration of Florida's population is among the highest in the nation. Rates of interstate migration differ considerably for persons of different age or racial groups. Table 5 shows the proportion of Florida's 1980 population living in another state or abroad in 1975, by age and race. It is clear that there are very large differences between whites and blacks. Of the white population in 1980, 23.6 4 SAL 000002707 percent had lived outside Florida in 1975; of the 1980 black population, only 8.7 percent had lived outside Florida in 1975. There were also large differences among age groups. For both whites and blacks, the largest proportion of interstate movers was in the 25--1'4 age group, and the smallest proportion was in the 75+ age group. For whites, the age groups 55-64 and 65-74 had large proportions of interstate movers, while for blacks those age groups had small proportions. (The overall proportion of interstate movers in Table 5 is slightly different than that shown in Table 4 because Table 5 was based on Public Use Sample data rather than the larger sample of data used in Table 4). Table 6 shows the number of persons moving into and out of each state between 1975 and 1980. (These numbers cover only migrants within the United States, thus excluding migrants to or from foreign countries). Florida had a larger number of inmigrants (1,801,362) than any other state except California (1,877,289). Texas was the only other state to have more than one million inmigrants. Florida also had more outmigrants (978,135) than any other states except California (1,782,831), New York (1,721,275) and (Illinois 1,095,726). In terms of net migration within the United States, however, Florida was far and away the leader. Florida had net inmigration of 823,227 between 1975 and 1980. The next highest state was Texas with 574,007. Twenty-seven states had net inmigration between 1975 and 1980; these states were mostly in the South and West. Twenty-- four states had net outmigration. These states were mostly in the Northeast and Midwest, o SAL 000002708 Tables 7 and 8 provide information about the origins and destinations of Florida migrants. New York was the major source of migrants to Florida, with more than 364,000 between 1975 and 1980. hio, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Illinois also provided more than 100,000 migrants each. The only southern states to rank in the top ten were Georgia and Virginia. In addition, almost 240,000 people moved from foreign countries to Florida between 1975 and 1980. The destinations of Florida's outmigrants between 1975 and 1980 were quite different from the states of origin. Georgia, Texas and California were the top three destinations of Florida's outmigrants. Eight of the top ten were Sunbelt states; New York and Ohio were the only two northern states to rank among the leading destinations. (Outmigration data refer only to persons who moved to other parts of the United States; data on destinations outside the United States are not available). Like migrants all over the United States, people leaving Florida are going primarily to the states with the most rapid rates of economic and population growth. Table 9 provides information about the demographic characteristics of Florida's migrants. They are about evenly divided between males and females: slightly more females than males moved into Florida between 1975 and 1980, while slightly more males than females moved out. Racially, the overwhelming majority of Florida's migrants are white. More than 90 percent of the inmigrants were white and only 6 percent were black; the remaining 4 percent were persons of other races. 6 SAL 000002709 Contrary to popular opinion, most persons moving to Florida are not elderly. Only 15 percent of the inmigrants between 1975 and 1980 were age 65 and older. The two age groups with the largest numbers o-f inmigrants were 15-24 and 25-34. However, the younger age groups also provided most of the outmigrants: 70 percent o-f all persons leaving the state between 1975 and 1980 were younger than age 35. Consequently, levels of net inmigration were considerably higher in the older than the younger age groups. Twenty--two percent of the total net migration stream into Florida between 1975 and I960 was accounted for by persons age 65 and above; another 21 percent was accounted for by persons age 55-64. It is this heavy concentration of older persons in the net migration stream that has made Florida's population the oldest in the nation, with a median age of 34.7 in 1980, compared to 30.0 for the United States as a whole. Length of Residence. The data shown in Tables 3-9 were taken from the 1980 Census, and refer to migration over the period 1975-1980. While this is valuable information, it would also be useful to know how long Florida's current residents have lived in the state. Unfortunately the I960 Census does not provide th-is type of information. However, it does provide information on the state of birth of each resident. Comparing state of birth with current state of residence provides a measure of lifetime interstate migration. This is a fairly crude measure because it doesn't tell how many interstate moves people have made, how long they have resided in their current states of residence or whether they had moved out of their states of birth and later returned. Nevertheless, this measure does provide one indicator of 7 SAL lifetime interstate migration and permits some interesting comparisons among states, counties, age groups and racial classifications. Table 10 shows the proportion of each state's population that were living in their state of birth at the time of the 1980 Census. Nationally, 64 percent of the United States population were living in their state of birth in 1980. In 22 states, more than 70 percent of the population had been bom in the same state in which they were living in 1980. These states were primarily in the Midwest and Southeast. Pennsylvania had the highest proportion, with 81.6 percent. Western states typically had the lowest proportions, ranging from 21.4 percent in Nevada to 66.3 percent in Utah. Florida had the second lowest proportion of any state, with only 31.2 percent Df its 1980 population having been born in Florida. The converse, of course, is that 68.8 percent of Florida's 1980 population was born in another state or abroad. The proportion of Florida's 1980 population born in Florida varied considerably by age and race, as shown in Table 11. Two basic patterns stand out: the proportion of the population born in Florida declines steadily with age, and a much larger proportion of blacks than whites were born in Florida. For children less than age 5, 81 percent were born in Florida. For persons age 75 and over, only 8.1 percent were born in Florida. This inverse relationship between age and the proportion born in Florida was found for both blacks and whites, although it was stronger for whites. Overall, 65.9 percent of Florida's black population in 1980 had been born in Florida, compared 8 SAL 000002711 to only 26.1 percent of the white population. This shows a much high>er level of interstate mobility for whites than blacks; the same result was shown earlier in Table 5. While the decennial census provides no direct information on length of residence, several sample surveys conducted in the past have collected this type of information. One such survey was conducted by the United States Bureau of the Census in 1976. The results of this survey are shown in Table 12. Again, Florida is seen to have a very mobile population. Five percent of Florida's 1976 population age 14 and above had lived in Florida for less than one year, 26.3 percent had lived in Florida for less than five years and only 22.3 percent had lived in Florida for their entire lives. 'Table 13 shows the results of another survey, this one done in Florida by the Bureau of Economic and Business Research at the University of Florida. This survey was conducted by telephone and covered more than 3300 persons age 18 and over. It provides much more detailed data than were available in the survey referred to in Table 12. Table 13 shows the number of years lived in Florida, by age and race. Overall, 19.4 percent of the respondents age 18 and over had lived in Florida for less than 5 years, 14.6 percent for 5-9 years, 12.8 percent for 10-14 years, 20.3 percent for 15-24 years and 32.9 percent for 25 years or more. These data again show the high proportion of Florida residents who are relative newcomers to the 9 o00002'flZ SAL state. Substantial differences in length of residence by age and particularly by race can also be seen. For example, approximately V percent of nonwhites age 45 and above have lived in Florida for 40 years or longer, compared to only around 20 percent for whites of tte same ages. Counties in Florida Mobility and Migration. 1975 to 1980. Table 14 shows the mobility uf the population of each Florida county between 1975 and 1980. Large differences are readily apparent. In 12 counties, more than 80 perrrent of the population age 5 and over in 1980 had been living in the sane county in 1975 (Calhoun, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Hardee, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Liberty, Madison, Taylor and Washington). At the other end of the spectrum, in 13 counties less than 60 percent of tt* 1980 population age 5 and over had been living in the same county in 1975 (Alachua, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Flagler, Glades, Hernando, Martin, Okaloosa, Osceola, Pasco, Seminole and Union). In terms of interstate migration, less than 10 percent of the 1990 population age 5 and over in 19 counties had lived in a different state or abroad in 1975 (Baker, Bradford, Calhoun, Dixie, Franklin, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Gulf, Hamilton, Hardee, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Liberty, Suwanee, Taylor, Union, Wakulla and Washington). On the other hand, in 19 counties more than 23 percent of the population age 5 and over in 1980 had lived in a different state or abroad in 1975 (Brevard, Broward, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Collier, Flagler, Hernando, Indian 10 SAL 000002713 River, Lee, Martin, Monroe, Okaloosa, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Pinellas, Sarasota and Seminole). Length of Residence. No direct data on length of residence are available for counties. The survey data shown in Tables 12 and 13 are available only at the state level, not at the county level. However, we can again use p1ace-of-birth data to provide one measure of interstate migration at some point during the lifetime. Table 15 shows the proportion of the 1980 population of each Florida county born in Florida, the four regions of the United States (Northeast, Midwest, South, West) and abroad. A number of substantial differences among counties stand out. In ten counties, more than 70 percent of the 1980 population were born in Florida (Baker, Calhoun, Gadsden, Hamilton, Jefferson, Lafayette, Liberty, Madison, Suwanee and Taylor). In 12 counties, less than 25 percent were born in Florida (Brevard, Broward, Charlotte, Citrus, Collier, Hernando, Lee, Martin, Palm Beach, Pasco, Pinellas and Sarasota). The foreign-born generally accounted for a very small proportion of the total population in 1980, but in Southeast Florida these proportions were much higher: Dade - 38.1 percent; Broward - 12.2 percent; Palm Beach - 11.1 percent; and Monroe - 10.0 percent. There are also some interesting patterns regarding region of birth within the United States. For the state as a whole, 21.5 percent cf the 1980 population were born in the Northeast, 19.6 percent in the South (excluding Florida), 14.6 percent in the Midwest and 2.1 percent 11 SAL 000002714 in the West. For individual counties there were wide variations -from the state-level proportions. The Northeast was the leading region -for persons born outside Florida -for many coastal counties in southeast Florida (e.g. Monroe, Broward, Palm Beach, Martin) and west central Florida (e.g. Pinellas, Pasco, Hernando, Citrus). The Midwest was the leading region -for coastal counties in southwest Florida (e.g. Manatee, Sarasota, Charlotte, Lee, Collier). The South was the leading region of out-of-state births for most counties in northern Florida (e.g. Alachua, Bay, Duval, Leon, Okaloosa) and for most non-coastal counties in central and south Florida (e.g. Lake, Marion, Orange, Polk, Glades, Hendry). In no county was the West the leading region of out-of-state births. Additional data on migration and place of birth are presented in the two tables in the Appendix to this report. These tables show migration 1975-1990 and place of birth, by age and race, for counties and county groups in Florida. These data were taken from the Public Use Sample of the 1980 Census and may differ slightly from the data shown in Tables 14- and 15, which were taken from the larger sample of 1980 Census data. Public Use Sample data are available only for large counties. Consequently, small counties have been aggregated into groups of counties for purposes of data presentation. 12 SAL 000002715 III. Nonpermanent Residents The data discussed in Sections I and II of this report refer to "permanent residents", or the population for which Florida is the usual place of residence. Under guidelines established by the United States Bureau of the Census, the usual place of residence is defined as "the place where the person lives and sleeps most of the time" (1980 Census, PC80-1--All, page B-l). Consequently, a person who lives eight months each year in Ohio and four months in Florida is considered to be an Ohio resident, and is excluded from all the usual population statistics for the state of Florida. Yet Florida has a very large number of nonpermanent seasonal residents and tourists who spend a substantial amount of time with*the state and have a significant impact on Florida's economy, environment and quality of life. In this section we explore several measures of Florida's nonpermanent population. State of Florida The first measure of nonpermanent residents comes from the 1980 Census, which not only counted people by their usual place of residence, but also by where they were actually living on April 1, 1980, if they were occupying a housing unit other than their usual place of residence. This is a fairly limited measure of nonpermanent residents because it excludes all persons staying with permanent residents or in hotels, motels, campgrounds or any other place in which 13 SAL 00000^716 individual residents were not included on the Census Bureau's address 1 ist. Table 16 shows the number o-f nonpermanent residents for the United States and the ten states with the largest numbers o-f nonpermanent residents. Nationally, there were 547,100 such persons on April 1, 1980. Florida had almost one--half of the national total, with 252,554. The next highest state was California, with 43,056. Although this is a very conservative estimate of the number of nonpermanent residents in Florida, it does indicate that Florida was by far the state with the largest number of nonpermanent residents on April 1, 1980. A second source of data on nonpermanent residents is survey data collected by the Bureau of Economic and Business Research at the University of Florida. These surveys are conducted by telephone in every month except April, August and December and cover approximately 500 households per month. The data presented here were taken from surveys conducted in 1983. This source provides a somewhat larger estimate of nonpermanent residents than the 1980 Census because the surveys can potentially reach any household with a direct-access telephone. It still excludes all persons temporarily staying in hotels, motels and campgrounds, however. Table 17 shows the number of respondents for each survey month in 1983, broken down by residency status. Overall, 2.2 percent of the survey respondents were nonpermanent residents. This proportion varied considerably by month, with the highest proportion of nonpermanent respondents in the winter months and the lowest proportion in the summer months. Since the permanent population was estimated as approximately 10.6 million in 1903, this implies almost 500,000 14 000002717 SAL nonpermanent residents in January and 100,000 in July. These estimates are consistent with the Census Bureau's count of 252,554 nonpermanent residents in April o-f 1980, as shown in Table 16. It is clear from Table 17 that the number of nonpermanent residents in Florida is highest in the winter and lowest in the summer. Table IB provides additional data on the time spent in Florida by nonpermanent residents. December, January, February and March were the most popular months to spend in Florida, followed by April and November. May through October were far less popular months. According to this survey, the average length of stay by nonpermanent residents in Florida was approximately three months in 19E33. A third source of data on nonpermanent residents in Florida includes short--term visitors as well as longer--term seasonal residents. These data were collected by the United States Bureau of the Census through a 1977 national sample survey of approximately 25,000 households. It counted the number of domestic out--of--state visitors to each state, with a visitor being defined as anyone traveling 100 miles or more from origin to destination. This survey thus included very short-stay visitors (including those passing through the state on route to some other destination) as well as persons making an extended stay at a location. The number of visitors, total number of nights spent by all visitors and the average number of nights spent per visitor in 1977 are shown for each state in Table 19. California had more visitors than any other state (21,938,000), followed by New York (20,414,000), Florida (19,972,000), Pennsylvania (19,903,000) and Illinois (19,107,000). The average length of stay for visitors was longest in 15 SAL 000002718 Alaska (12.9 nights), Hawaii (11.9), Florida (10.1), California (9.0) and Texas (7.6). The total number of visitor--nights was greatest for Florida (202,246,000), followed by California (195,78B,000), Texas (129,671,000), New York (87,261,000) and Michigan <73,699,000). Again, Florida is seen to be a leading destination of visitors with the United States. (It should be noted that Table 19 covers only visitors from other states, thus excluding all visitors from abroad). The final source of data on nonpermanent residents in Florida comes from the Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Tourism, which conducts sample surveys and makes estimates of the number of visitors by quarter. Table 20 shows the number of air and auto visitors and the average length of stay for 1985. According to this estimate, Florida had 30,116,000 visitors who stayed an average of 11.1 nights in 1985. Tables 16-20 provide vastly different estimates of Florida's nonpermanent population, but they are measuring different types of things. Tables 16--18 focus on longer--term seasonal residents who spend several months in the state. The Census Bureau counted 252,554 such persons in April of 1980, and the Bureau of Economic and Business Research estimated 500,000 in January of 1983. Given the nature of the sampling frames for these two studies, the true number of longer-term seasonal residents in Florida could easily be much higher. Tables 19 and 20 focus on the total number of visitors, including tourists and persons on short business trips and visits to friends and relatives. These estimates range from 19,972,000 in 1977 to 30,116,000 in 1985. The true number is currently probably around 25 million, a substantial increase since the Census Bureau study in 1977 but considerably below the Florida Department of Commerce estimate for 1985 (which apparently 16 SAL 000002719 had a strong upward bias because o-f methodological problems). Both these studies agree that the average length of stay of Florida visitors is 10-11 nights per visitor. While the specific definitions of nonpermanent population and the exact techniques used to measure it may vary, it is clear that Florida is the leading state in the nation for long-term seasonal residents, and among the leaders for short-term tourists and other visitors. Counties in Florida Some of the data on nonpermanent residents available at the state level are also available at the county level, while others are not. Tables 21 and 22 present the data available for counties in Florida. Table 21 gives the number of nonpermanent residents counted in the 1980 Census. Palm Beach (25,895), Broward (24,033) and Pinellas (21,614) are the leading counties, followed by Sarasota (14,528), Manatee (13,576), Lee (13,257) and Dade (10,627). Table 22 gives the number of visitors estimated by the Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Tourism. In 1985, the most visitors went to Orange (5,361,715), Dade (3,248,040), Broward (3,170,891), Volusia (2,518,853) and Pinellas (2,319,731). Clearly, there are huge differences among Florida's counties regarding the number of long-term and short--term visitors. 17 SAL 000002720 IV. Summary and Conclusions Florida's population is both very old and very new. It is old in the sense that its age structure is more heavily weighted toward the older ages than any other state: Florida has by -far the highest median age and largest proportion of older persons of any state in the United States. But Florida's population is very new in the sense that many current residents <peep ie<have moved into the state only very recently. More than 22 percent of Florida's population age 5 and over in I960 lived in some other state or abroad in 1975; this proportion was higher in Florida than in all but six other states. Only 31.2 percent of Florida's 1980 population were born in Florida;' this proportion was lower in Florida than in any other state except Nevada. More people moved into Florida than any other state except California between 1975 and 1980, and the net migration flow from other states into Florida was the highest in the nation. Florida truly has a population formed by migration, and much of this migration has been very recent. Florida also has a large number of tourists and seasonal residents that visit the state, often staying for extended periods of time. Florida is by far the national leader in "snowbirds", or people who spend their winters in a warm southern state while maintaining their permanent residence elsewhere. It is also one of the leading destinations of short-term visitors, even in the hot summer months. These nonpermanent residents greatly swell Florida's total population during certain parts of the year, especially in certain counties of the 18 SAL 002721 state. The "newness" of Florida's permanent and nonpermanent population means that the years of exposure to the state or any of its counties by current residents are considerably fewer than would be the case for most states. How can the degree of exposure be quantified, or expressed as an explicit estimate? There are at least two ways to approach this problem, each having certain advantages and certain disadvantages. The first approach is to project the future years that the current papulation will spend in- the state (or county). This can be done using "multiple decrement life table" techniques, which iteratively apply mortality rates and outmigration rates to the current population (by age, race and/or sex) to project the proportion dying or moving out in each future time period. The data needed to apply these techniques are readily available: survival rates from the most recent life tables and migration rates from the most recent census. However, there is a serious problem with applying constant outmigration rates over and over. Such a procedure implies that the probability of outmigration is the same for all persons in a given age, race and/or sex category. This is clearly not the case. Some persons are highly migratory, and move frequently throughout their lifetimes. Others are quite sedentary, moving infrequently or not at all. Consequently, applying constant migration rates iteratively over time will tend to overstate the number of persons expected to move out of a region in future time periods. As an experiment, I applied this "multiple decrement" technique to the 1980 Florida population and found that only 18 percent of all 19 000002722 persons age 0-4 in 1980 would still be living in the state a-fter fifty years (2030). Yet looking at historical data, 62 percent of all persons born in Florida between 1925 and 1929 were reported to be still living in the state in 1980, 50 to 55 years later. This illustrates the tendency o-f the "multiple decrement" technique to substantial ly understate the number o-f people expected to remain within a region for long periods of time. The second approach to estimating years of exposure to a region focuses on past migration behavior rather than projected future migration flows. Under this approach, sample survey techniques are used to collect data on past migration behavior from a random sample of the current population. These data can then be organized into "migration histories" which provide very detailed information on all moves and the length of time spent at each place of residence. Tables 12 and 13 are simplified examples of the types of migration data that can be collected through sample surveys. I believe this second approach is the best way to develop specific estimates of the number of years of exposure to any geographic location. The problem, of course, is that detailed migration surveys have not been conducted for most places in the United States. Such surveys can feasibly be conducted, even down to small geographic areas, but they will be quite expensive. In their absence, however, it is my opinion that reliable estimates of years of exposure to a region cannot be made. Without extensive sample surveys, the best that can be done is a thorough study of recent migration and p1ace-of-birth data, such as that shown in sections II and III of this report. This type of 20 000002723 SAL in-formation can -facilitate the general ranking o-f geographic regions as to the mobility o-f their populations over time. For example^ it can foe documented that some states and counties have experienced much higher levels o-f population turnover than other states and counties. For reliable speci-fic estimates o-f years o-f exposure, however, I know o-f r alternative to migration history data collected through sample surveys. 21 SAL 000002724- LIST or TABLES ]-, Florida Population Growth, 1980-1985. 2. Components of Growth, Florida, 1950-1985. 3. Mobility status, 1975-1980: Florida and the U.S.. 4. 1980 Florida Population Age 5 and over, by state: Percent 1 iv i ng in another state in 1975. 5. 1980 Florida Population Age 5 and over: percent living in another state or abroad in 1975. 6. In- and Outmigration within the United States, 1875-1980. 7. State of Origin of Florida Inmigrants, 1975-3980. 8. State of Destination of Florida Outmigrants, 1875-1980. 9. Florida Migration by sex, race, and age, 1975-1980. 10. 1980 population of states: percent, living in state of Birth. 11 . 1980 population of F1 orida: percent born in Florida by age and race. 12. Percent of the U.S. population 14 years old and over residing in state of current residence, by selected Durations for Regions, Divisions and States. 13. Length of residence in Florida, distributions). by age and race, 1983 (percent 14. Florida counties: 1980 population age 5 and over, in 1975 (percent distribution). by Residence 15. Florida Counties: distribut ion). 1980 population by region of birth (percent 16. Nonpermanent Residents by state: April 1, 1980. 17. Permanent and nonpermament Residents by month of survey: Florida, 1 983. 18. Months spent in Florida by nonpermanent Residents: 1983. 19. Number of out-of-state visitors and average length of stay, by state, 1977 (thousands). 20. Florida tourism, by quarter, 1985 21. Nonpermanent Residents Florida, 1980. in the state and selected counties of 22. Number of Florida Visitors, by County, 1985. SAL 000002725 TABLE 1 YEAR 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 3 960 1970 I960 1985 FLORIDA POPULATION GROWTH, 1900-1985. POPULATION 528,524 752,619 968,470 1,468,211 I ,897,414 2,771,305 4,951,560 6,791,418 9,746,324 11,287,932 CHANGE PERCENT CHANGE -- 244,077 215,851 499,741 429,203 873,891 2,180,255 42.4 28-7 51.6 29.9 46. 1 78.7 1,839,858 2,954,906 1,541,608 37.2 43.5 15.8 SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the census, 1980 Census of Pooul, PC80-1-31 1, February 1982 (1900-1980); Bureau of Econom Business Research, University of Florida, unpublished (1985). data SAL 000002726 TABLE 2 COMPONENTS OF GROWTH, FLORIDA, 1950-1985 COMPONET 1950-55 1955-60 1960-65 1965-70 1970-75 1975-80 1980-85 NATURAL increase 233,300 (27.5) 316,400 (23.7) 309,500 (32.0) 190,300 (21.8) 143,500 (7.9) 96,100 (8.5) 175,000 (11.4) NET S 13,000 MIGRATION (72.5) 1 ,017,600 76.3) 656,500 (68.0) T0TA' 847,000 1,344,000 966,000 682,700 (78.2) 1,684,500 (92.1) 1 ,030,900 1 ,363,709 (91.5) (88.6) 873,000 i Q O 0 OOO * ,0 ,-Ot UuU 1 , 127,000 1,538,^00 (Proportion of total change) Source: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida, unpublished data. SAL 000002727 TABLE 3 RESIDENCE IN 1980 MOBILITY STATUS, 1975-80: FLORIDA AND THE UNITED STATES 1975 TOTAL POPULATION AGE 5+ SAME HOUSE DIFFERENT TOTAL HOUSE IN THE UNITED STATES SAME DIFFERENT COUNTRY ABROAD COUNTY SAME DIFFERENT IN STATE STATE 1975 UNITED STATES NUMBER* 210,323 PERCENT 100.0 FLORIDA NUMBER* PERCENT 9,183 100.0 ! 12,695 93,696 53.6 44.5 52,750 20,558 25.1 9.8 4--i rL*, ^J c qC 9.6 4,242 4,702 46.2 51.2 2,180 23.7 721 7.9 1,801 19.6 3,962 1.9 239 2.6 Thousands of persons. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, SuppIementrv Report. PC80-S1-9, March 1983. SAL 000002728 ro .ji i.n TABLE 4 1980 POPULATION AGE 5 AND OVER, BY STATE: LIVING IN ANOTHER STATE OR ABROAD IN 1975. STATE MAINE N.HAMPSHIRE VERMONT MASS R. 1 . CT NV NJ PA 1 1 1.7 19.4 15.2 8.7 10.7 11.1 6.5 9.9 5.9 OHIO INDIANA MICHIGAN WISCONSIN MINN IOWA MISSOURI N. DAKOTA S.DAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSAS 6.4 8.2 6.0 7.3 8.3 8.6 10. 1 13.8 11.8 1 1.6 14.0 STATE DELAWARE 1 14.6 M.D. 12.3 DC 19. 1 VA 16.1 W. VA 9. 1 N.CAROLINA 10.6 S. CAROLINA 12.4 GA 12.6 FL 22.2 KENTUCKY 9.7 TENN 11.3 ALABAMA 9.7 ARKANSAS 13. 1 LOUISIANA 9.6 OKLAHOMA 15.2 TEXAS 13.6 STATE MONTANA IDAHO WYOMING COLORADO M. MEXICO ARIZONA UTAH NV WASHINGTON OREGON CA ALASKA USA \ 15.9 21.3 21.3 22.7 19.3 25.9 18.0 34. 18. 18. 13. 31.5 11.5 SOURCE: Bureau of the Census, Supplementry Reports, PC80-S1-9, March 1983. SAL 000002729 TABLE 5 1980 FLORIDA POPULATION, AGE 5 AND OVER: PERCENT LIVING IN ANOTHER STATE OR ABROAD IN 1975, BY AGE AND RACE AGE <5 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+ WHITE _ 24.6 25.0 29.6 22.9 19.2 25.6 23.0 12. ; BLACK 7.9 9.2 14.0 9.0 6.0 6.2 4.9 4.0 TOTAL 21.5 22.6 27.9 21.5 17.9 24. 1 21.9 11.6 TOTAL 23.6 8.7 22.0 SOURCE: 1980 Census, Pub!ic use sample. SAL 000002730 TABLE 6. In* and outMlgratlon within the United States, 1975*1980 State New England: Maine New Hampshire Vermont Massachusetts Rhode Island Connectlcut Inmi grants 112,670 158.633 68,055 375,613 77,907 270,848 Outmigrants 106,420 113,868 60,596 542,597 92,955 345,300 Middle Atlantic: New York New Jersey Pennsylvania 624,078 539,089 573,592 1,721,275 764,394 837,775 East North Central: Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan Wisconsin 570,115 384,207 642,389 440,213 290,020 931,195 467,014 1,095,726 687,167 327,998 West North Central: Minnesota Iowa Missouri North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas 274,941 213,026 429,001 75,988 70,504 152,520 275,485 316,299 272,704 452,378 86,699 90,019 180,993 283,142 South Atlantic: Delaware Maryland District of Columbia Virginia West Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida 73.839 411,716 98,137 694,880 155,865 538,400 331,687 581,653 1,801,362 83,060 486,469 170,630 630,442 150,576 451,156 255,013 450,430 978,135 East South Central: Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi 302,027 450,858 319,954 213,197 279,889 347,872 272,714 215,407 West South Central: Arkansas Louisiana Oklahoma Texas 262,214 324,666 382,721 1,436,237 206,074 278,116 265,903 862,230 Mountain: Montana Idaho Wyoming Colorado Hew Mexico Arizona Utah Nevada 108.314 170,218 120,101 551,339 2U6,948 590,368 203,062 234,606 106,796 125,840 72,803 422,654 176,868 352,680 136,664 121,917 Pacific: Washington Oregon Cx1ifornla Alaska Hawaii 621,101 412,552 1,877,289 105,507 149,919 340,684 245,696 1,782,831 121,650 173,741 Net mlgratlon 6,250 44,765 7,459 -166,984 -15,048 -74,452 -1,097,197 -225,305 -264,183 -361,080 -82,807 -453,337 -246,951 -37,978 -43,358 -69,679 -23,377 -10,711 -19,515 -28,473 -12,657 -9,221 -74,753 -72,493 64,438 5,209 87,241 66,*7-1 131,123 823,227 22,938 102,986 47,210 -2,210 56,140 46,550 116,919 574,(J07 1,518 44,378 47,358 128,685 30,080 245,688 66,398 112,689 280,417 166,856 94,458 -16,080 -23,822 SAL 000002731 TABLE 7 STATE OF ORIGIN OF FLORIDA IMMIGRANTS, 1975-1980. RANK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ABROAD IN 1975 STATE NEW YORK OHIO NEW JERSEY =>ENN ILLINOIS MICHIGAN GEORGIA MASS CA NUMBER 344,450 135,219 134,150 104,710 102,192 95,246 75,596 63,383 57,794 238,831 SOURSE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980 Census of Population SuppIementry Report. PC80-S1-9, March, 1983. TABLE 8 RANK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 STATE OF DESTINATION OF FLORIDA OUT-MIGRANTS, 1975-1980 STATE GEORGIA TEXAS CA N. CAROLINA NEW YORK VIRGINIA ALABAMA OHIO TENNESSEE 5. CAROLINA NUMBER 108,480 80,800 72,480 52,880 51,560 47,080 44,600 41,160 39,240 29,290 SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Pub' ?c use samp'!e tapes. 1980 Census of SAL 000002732 TABLE 9 FLORIDA MIGRATION BY SEX, RACE AND AGE. IN OUT NtT TOTAL 2,040.193 978*135 1,062,058 SEX MALE 1,017,955 496,403 521,552 FEMALE 1,022,238 481,732 540,506 RACE* WHITE BLACK I,849,289 113,130 833,010 70,068 966,279 43,062 IN CUT NET 5-14 279,329 167,371 111,958 15-24 392,077 241,873 150,204 AGE 25-34 393,561 273,021 120,540 IN 1980 35-44 225,134 i 16,616 108,518 45-54 178,554 62,654 115,900 55-64 270,310 46,161 224,149 65+ 301,128 70,439 230,789 Excludes persons of other races. Source: ll.S. Bureau ofthe Census* Report. PC80-S1-17, March 1984. 19B0 of Popu \ at i on SuppI ementry SAL 000002733 TABLE 10 POPULATION OF STATES: PERCENT LIVING IN STATE OF BIRTH. State MAINE NH VT MASS RI CT NY NJ PA 1 72.8 49.3 61.5 71.7 67.5 57.8 69.3 56.5 81.6 OHIO 72.5 INDIANA 70.9 ILLINOIS 69.0 MICHIGAN 72.1 WISCNSIN 77.4 MINNESOTA 74.9 IOWA 77.6 MISSOURI 70. 1 N.DAKOTA 72.9 NEBRASKA 70.2 KANSAS 60.3 State DELAWARE MARYLAND DC VA W.VA N.CAROLINA S.CAROLINA GA FL KENTUCKY TENN ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA TEXAS 1 51.6 53.7 38.5 59.9 79.2 76. 1 72.6 7] .0 31.2 79.2 72.0 79.0 78.6 69.2 78. 1 63.0 67.8 State MONTANA IDAHO WYOMING CO N.MEXICO ARIZONA UTAH NEVADA WASHINGTON OREGON CA ALASKA HI 1 57.0 49. 1 38.7 41.7 51.8 33.0 66.3 21 .4 48.0 44.3 45.3 32.0 57.8 USA 63.9 SOURCE: 1980 Census, PC80-1-C1 , table 101. SAL 00000273A TABLE 11 1980 FLORIDA POPULATION, PERCENT BORN IN FLORIDA, BY AGE AND RACE. AGE WHITE BLACK TOTAL <5 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75 + 78.7 54.65 37.6 23.9 18.0 15.3 10.1 7.2 6.1 90.5 82.9 75.1 56.4 46.9 45.6 44. 1 43.2 43.1 81.0 60.0 43.7 28.0 21.5 18.5 12.8 9.3 8. 1 TOTAL 26.1 65.9 31.2 SOURCE: 1980 Census, Public use sample. SAL 000002735 TABLE 12. Percent of the 1976 population 14 years old and over residing in state of current residence by selected durations, for Regions, divisions, and State (Numbers in thousands) Region, division, & State Total population Percent residing in State Less than 1 year 5 years or less Entire life United States, total...................... 161,718 2.7 11.7 55.9 Northeast................................ 37,825 1.6 7.8 63.1 New England..................... Maine............................ New Hampshire........... Vermont...................... Massachusetts........... Rhode Island............. Connecti cut............... 9,284 804 619 356 4,428 704 2,371 2.3 3.1 4.8 3.4 1.5 2.5 2.4 10.9 13.1 18.8 15.0 9.2 9.9 11.0 59.5 62.3 43.0 54.8 65.7 62.2 51.2 Middle Atlantic............. New York...................... New Jersey................. Pennsylvania............. 28,541 13,933 5,575 9,032 1.4 1.2 1.8 1.4 6.8 5.8 10.4 6.0 64.3 62.4 51.8 74.9 North Central........................ 43,362 1.8 7.8 63.3 East North Central.... Ohio............................. Indiana....................... Illinois..................... Michigan...................... Wisconsin.................... 30,722 7,992 3,979 8,358 6,872 1.5 1.2 2.0 1.6 1.3 6.8 5.8 8.6 7.6 .5.5 63.5 63.8 61.3 61.1 64.9 West North Central.... Minnesota................... Iowa.............................. Missouri..................... North Dakota............. South Dakota............. Nebraska.................... Kansas.......................... 12,640 2,962 2,165 3,629 471 514 1,163 1,732 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.1 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.3 10.1 9.2 8.7 9.4 12.4 10.1 13.0 12.4 62.7 64.2 67.4 62.2 64.8 63.7 60.6 55.6 South................... .................... 51,810 3.5 14.5 56.5 South Atlantic............... Delaware..................... Maryland...................... 25,908 434 3,077 3.7 3.5 3.3 16.6 16.4 15.1 49.8 43.0 45.7 ^Excludes persons with duration of residence in State not reported. SAL 000002736 TABLE 12. Percent of the 1976 population 14 years old and over residing in state of current residence by selected durations, for Regions, divisions, and State (continued) (Numbers In thousands) Region, division, & State South (continued) Total population Percent residinq in State Less than 1 year 5 years or less Entire life South Atlantic--Contd. Dist. of Columbia.. Virginia West Virginia........... North Carolina..... South Carolina......... Georgia....................... Florida....................... East South Central.... Kentucky..................... Tennessee................... Alabama........................ Mississippi............... 540 3,771 1,401 4,107 2,108 3,700 6,776 10,216 2,565 3,199 2,734 1,716 4.8 4.7 1.8 2.3 3.2 3.1 5.0 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.2 18.8 17.9 9.3 9.2 10.9 12.7 26.3 10.5 8.7 11.4 11.1 10.6 32.4 52.0 70.6 70.3 69.0 62.9 22.3 68.5 71.8 64.4 69.8 69.1 West South Central.... Arkansas...................... Louisiana................... Oklahoma..................... Texas............................ West.......................................... 15,685 1,659 2,776 2,054 9,194 28,719 3.6 3.8 2.7 4.1 3.7 4.3 13.7 14.8 10.1 14.4 14.4 17.4 59.7 53.5 70.7 52.2 59.1 34.0 Mountain......... .. Montana........................ Idaho............................ Wyoming......... .............. Colorado...................... New Mexico................ Arizona........................ Utah.............................. Nevada................... ...... Pacific.............................. Washington................. Oregon.......................... California................. Alaska........... .............. Hawaii................... ..... 7,265 569 609 285 1,936 851 1,700 856 456 21,453 2,653 1,757 16,163 244 633 6.3 4.4 6.6 6.6 5.9 6.0 7.5 4.9 9.0 3.6 4.4 5.4 3.1 10.5 5.7 24.8 15.2 20.9 23.0 25.1 20.4 32.5 17.6 35.3 14.9 16.5 19.0 13.6 41.0 20.8 33.4 47.3 36.9 33.9 31.1 43.8 20.9 52.5 13.1 34.2 36.8 32.0 33.3 20.9 55.0 Excludes persons with duration of residence in State not reported. SAL 0OOO27 37 TABLE 13 LENGTH OF RESIDENCE IN FLORIDA, BY AGE AND RACE, (PERCENT DISTRIBUTIONS). 1983 AGE <5 a'1 races '35 25.3 35-44 18.7 45-54 12.7 55-64 18. 1 65+ 14.6 TOTAL 19.4 5-9 14.4 14.5 14.8 12.5 16.4 14.6 10-14 10.6 14.6 11.3 11.9 17.2 12.8 LENGTH OF RESIDENCE 15-19 29-24 25-29 30-34 10.2 8.8 11.5 8.4 7.0 9.2 16.8 8.4 9.2 8.9 5.8 11.1 13.3 9.0 9.4 9.9 6.1 10.2 9.4 2.5 3.5 5.6 4.5 6.0 35-39 0.0 15.1 3.8 4.3 3.8 4.4 40+ 0.0 8. 4 23.8 20.4 24.6 12.3 TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 AGE wh i te <35 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ TOTAL <5 27.6 19.8 14.2 19.5 15.6 20.9 5-9 14.7 14.9 15.3 13.1 17.5 15. 1 10-14 M.3 15.7 12.3 12.9 18.0 13.8 15-19 10.1 9.3 12.3 8.9 6.6 9.3 29-24 15.6 7.5 10.4 8.0 5.7 10.4 25-29 30-34 35-39 4Q + TOTAL 11.8 8.7 8.4 9.9 6.2 9.4 8.6 2.8 3.3 5.7 4.0 5.6 0.0 13.7 3.5 3.8 3.5 4.1 0.0 7.7 20.4 18.2 22.9 11.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 AGE <5 nonwhite <35 13.2 35-44 9.8 45-54 3.4 55-64 2.4 65+ 0.0 TOTAL 8.7 5-9 12.7 11.5 12.1 4.9 2.3 10.4 10-14 6.9 4.9 5.2 0.0 6.8 5.6 15-19 10.6 4.9 6.9 2.4 13.6 8.7 29-24 22.2 16.4 1.7 19.5 6.8 16.3 25-29 30-34 35-39 40+ TOTAL 21.2 11.5 1.5 9.8 4.5 15.8 13.2 0.0 5.2 4.9 11.4 8.9 0.0 26.6 5.2. 9.8 6.8 6.6 0.0 14.8 44.8 46.3 47.7 19. 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 SOURCE: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of F'orida, unpublished data. SAL 000002738 TABLE 14 FLORIDA COUNTIES: 1980 POPULATION, AGE 5 AND OVER, IN 1975 , (PERCENT DISTRIBUTION). BY RESIDENCE COUNTY FLORIDA 1 ALACHUA n BAKER BAY 4. BRADFORD 5. BREVARD 6. BROWARD 7. CALHOUN 3 CHARLOTTE 9 CITRUS 10. CLAY 1 . COLIER 12. COLUMBIA 13. DADE 14. DESOTO 15. DIXIE 16. DUVAL 17. ESCAMBIA 18. FLAGLER 19. FRANKLIN 20. GADSDEN 21. GILCHRIST 22. GLADES 23. GULF 24. HAMILTON 25. HARDEE 26. HENDRY 27. HERNANDO 28. HIGHLANDS 29. HILLSBOROUGH 30. HOLMES 31. INDIAN RIVER 32. JACKSON 33. JEFFERSON 34. LAFAYETTE 35. LAKE 36. LEE 37. LEON 38. LEVY 39. LIBERTY 40. MADISON 41 . MANATEE 42. MARION 43. MARTIN 44. MONROE 45. NASSAU 46. OKALOOSA 47. OKEECHOBEE SAME COUNTY 69.9 58.1 73.5 0.8 73.6 66.8 67.4 83.4 55.8 55.0 54.2 63.2 72.0 77.8 70.6 75.0 79.7 73.4 43.0 78.0 87.1 66.6 57.2 83.8 85.4 83.5 69.7 51.9 63.9 74.4 72.6 64.4 81.6 82.3 85.4 68.9 61.9 63.0 70,7 84.5 80.4 68.0 65.0 57.8 62.4 76.7 59.0 69.9 DIFFERENT COUNTY-FLORI DA 7.8 24.2 20.8 6. 1 19.2 6.5 7.0 13.7 8.3 16.5 20.5 7.2 17.3 2.4 18.4 16.3 5.3 5.5 15.8 13.0 8.5 26.9 26.0 8.5 9, I 9. 1 17.5 15. I 14.3 6.9 15.7 10.3 10.5 10.5 11.9 12.1 6.4 21.8 17.7 10.0 9.5 7.7 34. 1 12.8 9. 1 12.7 6.3 17.5 DIFFERENT STATE 19.6 14.7 5.2 19.9 6.8 23.8 23.4 2.9 34.6 27.9 23.1 27.8 9.6 12.6 10.5 8.6 13.7 18.7 41.4 8.9 4.0 6.1 16.9 6.8 5.5 6.9 11.1 32.2 20.2 16.7 11.7 24.0 7.3 7.2 2.5 18.2 30.6 13.5 10.8 5.5 9.9 23.3 20. 1 27.6 25.4 10.0 28.2 11.7 ABROAD 2.6 2.9 0.5 3.2 0.4 2.9 2.2 0.0 ! .3 0.6 2.2 1.8 1.2 7.2 0.5 0. L 1.2 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.5 1.7 0.3 1.7 1.9 0.0 1.3 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.7 11 !7 0.8 0.0 0. 1 1.0 0.8 1.8 3.0 0.6 6.5 0.9 SAL 000002739 TABLE 14. continued 48. 49. 50. 51 . 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. ORANGE OSCEOLA PALM BEACH PASCO PINELLAS POLK 01JTNAM ST.JOHNS ST.LUCIE SANTA ROSA SARASOTA SEMINOLE SUMTER SUWANNEE TAYLOR UNION VOLUSIA WAKULLA WALTON WASHINGTON 69.4 58.6 67.5 57.2 70.0 74.9 71.1 63.0 63.6 63.5 64.5 53.4 68.9 75.0 86.0 54.3 67.5 76.9 75.8 81.0 8.8 12.8 7.4 10.3 4.4 7.9 14.3 16.2 11.8 15. ! 6.5 18.5 15.8 18.4 6.4 37.2 8.2 10.0 12.4 11.5 19.6 27.6 23.4 31.6 24.3 16.2 13.7 20.2 23.4 20.2 27.6 25.9 14.6 6.2 7.2 7.1 23.2 5.0 11.1 7.2 2.2 - 1.0 1 .7 0.9 1,3 ! .0 0.8 C.6 1 .2 I.1 1.3 2.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.1 0. 1 0.6 0.3 SOURCE: I960 Census, STF 3A, cited in BEBR 1980 Census Handbook, Table 1.30. SAL 000002740 TABLE 15 FLORIDA COUNTIES: 1980 POPULATION, BY REGION OF BIRTH, (PERCENT DISTRIBUTION). COUNTY FLORIDA 1. ALACHUA 2. BAKER BAY 4 . BRADFORD 5. BREVARD 6. BROWARD 7. CALHOUN 8 CHARLOTTE 9. CITRUS 10. CLAY 1 1. COL IER 12. COLUMBIA 13. DADE 14. DESOTO 15. DIXIE 16. DUVAL 17. ESCAMBIA IQ. FLAGLER 19. FRANKLIN 20. GADSDEN 21. GILCHRIST 22. GLADES 23. GULF 24. HAMILTON 25. HARDEE 26. HENDRY 27. HERNANDO 28. HIGHLANDS 29. HILLSBOROUGH 30. HOLMES 31. INDIAN RIVER 32. JACKSON 33. JEFFERSON 34. LAFAYETTE 35. LAKE 36. LEE 37. LEON 38. LEVY 39. LIBERTY 40. MADISON 41 . MANATEE 42. MARION 43. MARTIN 44. MONROE 45. NASSAU 46. OKALOOSA 47. OKEECHOBEE 48. ORANGE 49. OSCEOLA FLORIDA 31.2 49.3 12.2 42.8 66.6 24.2 19.5 76.4 12.0 23.2 38.7 21.9 62.2 25.0 51.1 64.7 49.0 43.5 25.7 66.3 74.3 68.5 44.9 68.5 72.3 55.2 49.9 24.6 33.2 41.9 56.8 29.6 69.5 72.3 77.5 32.2 20.8 53.6 59. 1 74.9 74.4 25.1 40.5 20.3 29.0 58.5 28. 1 46.1 31 .6 27.5 NORTHEAST 21.5 12.7 4.8 7.6 5.6 23.7 40.1 1.9 31.5 29.9 12.8 22.3 5.6 18.0 9.9 3.6 9.4 7.1 33.5 3.1 2.3 5.5 10.2 2.1 2.4 4.8 7.6 28.2 16.0 14.3 3.1 26.6 3.0 3.9 1.7 16.3 25.1 8.8 21.4 18.1 35.7 21.4 18.1 35.7 21.2 4.6 10.4 8.8 17.6 22.3 MIDWEST 14.6 11.3 4.8 9.9 5.3 17.2 14.6 3.7 33.7 21.1 12.2 27.8 7.6 6.6 13.9 10.3 7.7 8.2 13.7 6.2 1.5 9.0 16.2 3.0 2.5 9.0 10.0 22.6 21.7 13.9 4.2 17.2 3.0 2.8 4.0 21.9 29.3 8.5 10.6 2.1 2.9 30.2 15.4 19.9 19.5 4.2 12.7 13.3 15.4 21.8 SOUTH 18.6 17.7 15.9 3 1.1 19.2 24.9 12.2 16.5 13.1 17.1 27.9 18.2 20.8 11.1 20.5 19.2 27.9 33.8 19.4 21.4 20.0 15.0 19.8 24.0 22.0 25.2 23.3 17.7 21.6 20.6 32.8 18.7 22.0 19.2 13.8 23.9 16.9 23.0 16.5 17.0 18.2 16.1 20.4 15.2 16.7 30. 1 35.6 27.5 25.8 21.5 WEST 2.0 2.8 1.1 3.8 1 .0 3.3 1.4 0.7 2.0 1.6 4.3 2.0 1.6 1 .3 1.8 1.3 2.2 3.7 2. ! 1 .5 0.4 0.8 3.1 1.4 0.4 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.6 2.2 1.8 1.7 1 .3 0.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.3 1 .8 1.3 0.7 1.6 1.7 1 .6 3.6 ! .3 5.9 1.8 2.8 2.4 ABROAD 12. 1 6.2 1.2 4.3 2.4 6.8 12.2 0.8 7.7 7.0 4.2 7.8 2.2 38. 1 2.8 0.9 3.8 3.7 5.6 1.6 1.5 1.0 5.8 1.0 0.3 4.4 7.5 5.5 5.9 7.1 1.4 6.3 1.3 1.0 1.1 4.2 5.9 3.6 2.7 1.2 0.9 5.6 3.9 7.2 10.0 I .3 7.3 2.5 6.8 4.58 S4t 0oooa74l TABLE 15. continued 50. 51 . 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61 . 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. PALM BEACH PASCO PINELLAS POLK PUTNAM ST.JOHNS ST.LUCIE SANTA ROSA SARASOTA SEMINOLE SUMTER SUWANNEE TAYLOR UNION VOLUSIA WAKULLA WALTON WASHINGTON 23.1 17.9 18.9 42.8 52.2 44.8 32.9 46.0 16.3 28.0 54.8 70.8 70.6 62.5 26.6 67.5 52.6 68.3 33.5 32.7 30.7 I 1.4 11.2 16.9 24.6 7.6 29.5 22.5 8.5 5.5 2.3 5.5 28.9 4.6 5.2 4.0 SOURCE: 1980 Census, PC80-1-CII. 15.6 26.2 24.9 14.8 9.9 10.0 14.9 8.8 31.3 17.6 12.3 4.7 3.6 5.0 15.7 5.2 7.5 4.8 15.3 13.6 15.5 25.6 23.3 22.0 20.9 30.9 13.9 22.7 20.6 16.5 21.5 21.6 20.3 19.2 29.7 20.5 1.5 1 .5 1 .8 1.7 1 .4 2.2 1.5 3.9 1.8 2.8 1 .8 1.2 0.6 1.2 1.8 1.7 2.3 1.1 11.1 8. 1 8.3 3.2 2.1 4. 1 5. 1 3,0 7.2 6.3 2.1 1.3 1 .4 4.2 6.7 1.9 2.6 1.3 SAL OOOOOP7i, TABLE 16 NON PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY STATE: APRIL 1, 1980. state: NUMBER 1 OF U.S. TOTAL FLORIDA CALIFORNIA ARIZONA TEXAS NEW YORK NEW JERSEY COLORADO MARYLAND VIRGINIA 252,554 43,056 39,170 24,756 20,353 11,648 8,069 7,933 6,552 46.2 7.9 7.2 4.5 3.7 2. 1 1.5 1.4 1.2 OTHER STATES TOTAL 125,590 547, 100 23.0 100.0 SOURCE: 1980 Census, supplementary reports, PC80-S1-6, table A. sal 0OO0 TABLE \1 PERMANENT AND NONPERMANENT RESIDENTS BY MONTH OF SURVEY: FLORIDA, 1983. MONTH PERMANENT NUMBER . PERCENT NONPERMANENT NUMBER PERCENT JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH MAY JUNE JULY SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER 328 474 459 486 528 527 517 443 374 95.3 96.5 96.0 98.0 98.5 99.0 98.9 98.2 98.7 16 4.7 17 3.5 19 4.0 10 2.0 8 1.5 5 1.0 5 1. 1 8 1.8 5 1.3 TOTAL 4,052 97.8 93 2.2 SOURCE: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida, Economic Leaflets, vol.43, no. 12 1984. SAL 000002744- TABLE 18 MONTHS SPENT IN FLORIDA BY NONPERMANENT RESIDENTS: 1983. MONTH NUMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER 56 54 43 26 7 9 8 8 3 12 36 49 SOURCE: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida, Economic Leaf 1ets. vol.43, no. 12, 1984. SAL 000002745 TABLE 19. NUMBER OF OUT-OF-STATE VISITORS AND AVERAGE LENGTH OF STAY, BY 5TATE, 1977 (THOUSANDS). STATE ALABAMA ALASKA ARIZONA ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA COLORADO CONNECTICUT DELAWARE DC FLORIDA GEORGIA HAWAII IDAHO ILLINOIS INDIANA IOWA KANSAS KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND MASS MICHIGAN MINNESOTA MISSISSIPPI MISSOURI MONTANA NEBRASKA NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY NEW MEXICO NEW YORK N.CAROLINA N. DAKOTA OHIO OKLAHOMA OREGON PENN RHODE ISLAND S.CAROLINA S.DAKOTA TENNESSEE TEXAS UTAH VERMONT VIRGINIA VISI TORS 7,705 301 799 7,255 2U83Q 7,73! 7,723 7,077 6,U8 19,972 17,598 1,849 3,579 19,107 14,733 7,673 6,972 13,068 7,288 2,994 13,583 . 9,492 11,379 7,092 6,410 12,895 2,757 4,875 8,773 4,681 13,005 6,743 20,414 14,458 1,866 18,252 8,191 5,367 19,903 2,231 10,653 2,834 16,173 17,043 4,636 3,268 15,182 TOTAL NIGHTS 23,339 3,894 39,796 31,072 195,778 41,024 12,380 7,940 14,744 202,246 45,129 22,035 13,239 63,299 29,046 29,173 20,552 23,207 30,599 16,694 23,064 33,389 73,669 50,096 16,382 45,714 12,160 14,781 27,206 14,467 33,056 20,304 87,261 55,692 9,557 54,864 34,098 27,329 57,493 5,034 35,043 9,427 38,746 129,671 17,848 20,306 48,753 AVERAGE NUMBER OF NIGHTS 3.0 12.9 5.0 4.3 9.0 5.3 1.6 1. 1 2.4 10. 1 2.6 1 1.9 3.7 3.3 2.0 3.8 3.3 1.8 4.2 5.6 1.7 3.5 6.5 7. 1 2.6 3.5 4.4 3.0 3. 1 3. 1 2.5 3.0 4.3 3.9 5.1 3.0 4.2 5.1 2.9 2.3 3.3 3.3 2.4 7.6 3.8 6.2 3.2 000002.7 A-6 SAL TABLE 19 continued WASHINGTON W. VIRGINIA WISCONSIN WYOMING 5,769 7,025 9,462 4,397 35,951 14,407 53,888 13,453 6.2 2. 1 5.7 3. I SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau, 1977 Census of Transportion, Travel Services TC 77-N-2, October 1979, table 28. SAL 000002747 TABLE 20 NUMBER OF VISITORS* AIR AUTO FLORIDA TOUR 1E SM BY QUARTER, 1985. Qi 4877 3407 Q2 3280 4327 01 2854 4212 Q4 3305 3557 TOTAL 14,316 15,800 T0T AL 8581 7607 7066 6862 30,116 AVERAGE LENGTH Or STAY** AIR AUTO AVERAGE 10.5 19.6 14.4 12.6 13.5 13.1 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 9.5 8.5 9.7 12.4 11.1 `thousands `number of nights. SOURCE: Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Tourism. SAL 000002748 TABLE 21 NONPERMANENT RESIDENTS IN THE STATE AND SELECTED COUNTIES OF FLORIDA, 1980. COUNTY FLORIDA BAY BREVARD BROWARD CHORLETTE CITRUS COLLIER DADE DESOTO ESCAMBIA HERNANDO HIGHLANDS HILLSBOROUGH INDIAN RIVER LAKE LEE MANATEE MARTIN MONROE OKEECHOBEE ORANGE OSCEOLA PALM BEACH PASCO PINELLAS POLK ST.LUCIE SARASOTA SEMINOLE VOLUSIA ALL AGES 252,554 745 5,790 24,003 4,497 555 6,975 10,627 603 760 1,251 3,546 3,683 3,014 1,985 13,257 13,576 3,346 3,100 688 2,384 2,253 25,895 5,926 21,614 8,592 3,020 14,528 1 , 194 5,721 NOTE: Data households. SOURCE: U SuppIementrv Counties and are reported for counties with 500 or more S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Reports: Nonpermanent Residents by States Incorporated places, 1980, PC80-S1-6 nonpermanent the Census, and Selected SAL 0000027A9 TABLE 22 NUMBER OF FLORIDA VISITORS, BY COUNTY, 1985. COUNTY FLORIDA 01 8 ,581,345 Q2 7,607,079 91 Q4 TOTAL 7,,066,017 6,862,764 30,116,205 i. ALACHUA 60,256 2. BAKER 0 3. BAY 369,075 4. BRADFORD 11,113 5. BREVARD 359,562 6. BROWARD 1,056,601 7. CALHOUN 0 8 CHARLOTTE 83,468 9. CITRUS 51,856 10. CLAY 27,103 11. COLIER 414,250 12. COLUMBIA 41,920 13. DADE 1,161,791 14. DESOTO 8,581 15. DIXIE 7,409 16. DUVAL 510,990 17. ESCAMBIA 198,615 18. FLAGLER 25,930 19. FRANKLIN 7,409 20. GADSDEN 3,704 21. GILCHRIST 3,704 22. GLADES 7,409 23. GULF 0 24. HAMILTON 0 25. HARDEE 0 26. HENDRY 14,817 27. HERNANDO 50,315 28. HIGHLANDS 67,664 29. HILLSBOROUGH 455,797 30. HOLMES 14,718 31. INDIAN RIVER 86,000 32. JACKSON 51,661 33. JEFFERSON 3,704 34. LAFAYETTE 0 35. LAKE 115,635 36. LEE 578,841 37. LEON 150,519 38. LEVY 3,704 39. LIBERTY 0 40. MADISON 0 41. MANATEE 24!,637 42. MARION 150,333 43. MARTIN 90,877 44. MONROE 403,137 45. NASSAU 56,738 46. OKALOOSA 164,164 47. OKEECHOBEE 48. ORANGE 49. OSCEOLA 33,339 1,134,112 271,458 66,094 0 658,012 4,327 296,759 753,211 4,327 99,802 27,149 27,149 155,835 38,945 560,940 6,560 0 382,586 314,839 20,589 8,654 8,654 0 0 4,327 12,982 4,327 11,934 35,803 34,618 458,023 17,309 60,260 47,559 0 0 127,722 321,371 109,366 0 4,327 8,654 208,671 100,849 56,391 187,173 59,671 287,829 8,654 1,053,939 233,174 81,938 0 491,470 4,212 233,578 618,169 7,066 27,042 36,668 21,198 73,651 67,395 694,126 0 4,212 422,744 282,218 22,557 0 0 0 0 0 4,212 7,066 0 0 22,557 496,116 4,212 40,900 21,061 7,066 0 66,174 325,186 75,956 4,212 4,212 0 119,312 136,560 29,896 151,779 71 ,744 369,316 16,849 1,786,88 1 302,069 66,837 275,125 3,306 3,306 319,165 1,837,722 3,557 23,209 280,825 1,170,724 742,910 3,170,891 0 1 1,393 44,000 255,302 52,105 167,803 37,370 122,820 149,731 793,467 56,912 205,172 831,183 3,248,040 6,863 22,004 0 432,361 11,621 1,748,414 188,548 984,280 10,420 79,496 3,557 19,620 3,557 15,915 0 3,704 3,557 10,966 21,342 25,669 3,557 20,751 3,557 14,950 7,114 33,865 0 86,118 55,908 180,747 452,707 1 ,862,643 0 36,338 38,625 245,785 24,899 145,420 0 10,770 3,557 3,557 60,469 370,000 334,320 1 ,559,718 109,263 445,104 7,114 15,030 0 8,539 0 8,654 115,165 684,785 151,445 539,187 55,411 232,575 139,813 88,902 73,693 261,846 166,926 988,237 10,420 69,262 1,386,783 5,361,715 308,541 1 ,115,242 SAL 000002750 TABLE 22. continued 50. PALM BEACH 51. PASCO 52. PINELLAS 53. POLK 54. PUTNAM 5. ST. JOHNS 56. ST.LUCIE 57. SANTA ROSA 59. SEMINOLE 60. SUMTER 61. SUWANNEE 62. 7ATL0R 63. UNION 64. VOLUSIA 65. WAKULLA 66. WALTON 67. WASHINGTON 681,126 165,591 637,55! 277,080 54,206 143,910 71,182 18,552 24,571 14,718 7,409 22,226 0 549,842 11,113 27,103 0 416,216 91,174 631,525 174,687 36,850 179,014 41,178 25,963 23,869 21,636 4,327 17,309 0 649,771 0 24,916 7,607 320,974 86,287 509,439 153,546 22,557 170,395 41,038 29,485 43,618 8,424 4,212 12,637 0 746, 0 33,698 0 520,921 79,050 541,921 166,971 7,114 126,004 52,105 17,785 42,167 3,557 13,726 17,788 0 572,720 3,557 7,114 7,114 1,939,674 421,075 2,319,731 772,284 120,727 619,636 205,503 91,755 134,245 48,434 29,674 69,960 0 2,518,853 14,670 92,831 14,741 SOURCE: Florida Department of Commerce, Department of Tourism 9 quarterly reports. SAL 000002751