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for polyvinyl acetate-emulsion adhesives
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN No. PL - 32 1
JULY, 1959
I Monsanto!
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ST. LOUIS cE. MISSOURI
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JINTRODUCTION
Monsanto Aroclor* chlorinated polyphenyls are a series of compounds serving a variety of needs. Each Aroclor can serve as a plasticizer for many of the synthetic resins. Properties imparted vary with the Aroclor chosen. In this respect the family of Aroclor compounds is analogous to a series of phthaiate esters.
Aroclor 1221, 1232 and 1242 are three compounds especially suited for plasticizing polyvinyl acetate (PVA) emulsion adhesives.
These are important advantages of the Aroclor plasticizers specified --
1) Excellent tack and strong bonding power are imparted to PVA adhesives.
2) The compounds are low in cost.
3) The plasticizers are light colored.
4) Aroclor 1221, 1232 and 1242 are mobile liquids at room temperature. Plant handling is simplified since no pre-melting is required.
5) The plasticizers are readily blended with PVA emulsions by simple stirring.
6) The hardness desired in various adhesive applications can be varied by choice of Aroclor plasticizer without materially changing other properties of the adhesive.
7) The three Aroclor plasticizers recommended for PVA emulsion adhesives are comparable to orMo-Nitrobiphenyl, which has been displaced by these Aroclor plasticizers in PVA emulsions, with regard to tack and fiber-tear, as indicated by tests on a porous yellow paper and a mela mine-coated Kraft stock.
fi) Aroclor compounds are readily available.
Amdor; Monunto Chemical Company Trademark. Registered in U. 8. Patent Office.
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COMPATIBILITY
Tests conducted by Monsanto show Aroclor 1221, 1232 and 1242 are each compatible with PVA at the evaluation level of 11 parts of plasticizer in 100 parts of polyvinyl acetate emul sion.
LABORATORY DATA
Several PVA adhesive formulations using different plasticizers were made up and evaluated in our laboratories. The basic formulation consisted of 11 parts of plasticizer in 100 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion. Data tabulated below will allow the adhesive formulator to choose the most suitable plasticizer for the adhesive properties desired.
COMPARISON OF POLYVINYL ACETATE PLASTICIZERS (IOO parti polyvinyl acetate emulsion; 11 parts plasticizer)
Formulation Properties
ortho-Nitro* Dibutyl Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor
biphenyl Phthalate 1221
1232
1242
Shore Hardness, A-scale Low Tamp. Ron., C
82 + 2.2 ;
69 -- 10.2
66 -5.9
86 +4.0
97 +5.3
Volatility (?r plasticizer lost after 24 hrs. at 86 C)
3.8 4.0 4.8 4.3 4.0
Kerosene Extraction, (% plasticizer lost after 24 hrs. at room temperature)
3.2
4.1 4.5
3.8 4.2
Viscosity of Formulation*
(Centipoises)
Initial
1 day
3 days
4 days
5 days
7 days
10 days
2160
2200
2280 2340 2460
2420 2460
2520
2240
2200
2200 2180 2260
2160
2060
2040 2020 2060
Initial viscosity of the polyvinyl acetate emulsion tested was 1500 eentipoisea.
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lTYPICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECIFICATIONS
V* Proparty * .
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
Color, APHA max. (Specification)
Aridity, max. (mg. KOH/gm.)
100 0.014
Specific Gravity, 25/15.S C (Specification)
Pounds Par Gallon
1.182-1.192 9.85
Distillation Range*
275-3ZO C
Flash Point, C.O.C.
I41-150 C 286-302 F
Fir. Point, C.O.C.
176 C 349 F
Pour Point, ASTM-D-97
Crystals at 1 C
Refractive Index, n**
1.615-1.616
Viscosity, S.U.S. (Specification)
210 F 130 F 100 F
30-31 35-37 38-41
100
0.014
1.270-1.280
10.55
295-355C
149-152C 300-305 F
212 C 415 F
-35.5 C
1.618-1.620 (Specification)
31-32 39-41 44-51
*ASTM'D'20 (modified).
**No fire point up to boiling temperature.
Aroclor 1242
100
0.010 1.381-1.392
11.50 325-360 C 176-180 C 348-356 F
None**
-19 C 1.624-1.626 (Specification)
34-35 49-56 82-92
ODOR MASKING FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS "
When necessary, the slight odor imparted to PVA adhesives by these Aroclor plasticizers can be completely and economically masked. One drum of adhesive is effectively masked by the addition of only 6 grams of either Odormasque* 1004 (camphor odor) or Odormasque 1066 (fruity odor). Thus one pound of Odormasque is enough to treat 75 drums'of adhesive. Even after 40 hours' aging at 150 F, the maskant odor was retained by dried adhesive films con taining 0.005 per cent Odormasque (based on resin).
*Oiortnasque: Registered Trademark of Polek & Schwsri, Inc., New York, N. Y.
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TOXICITY AND SAFE HANDLING
The acute oral toxicity of Aroclor 1242 shows it to have an LD80 to rats of 4.15 ml.Aiiogrenu Presumably the other two Aroclor compounds are in the same toxicity range. Repeated or pro longed skin contact with these compounds is to be avoided. Inasmuch as their processing in this use does not require the use of elevated temperatures, there should be no hazard from vapor exposure.
SHIPPING
Shipping Classification (U.S.A.) --Synthetic Resin
Shipping Regulations
-- None
Standard Containers
-- 55-gal. steel, nonretumable lacquer-lined drums containing 500 lbs. net (Aroclor 1221 and or 600 lbs. net (Aroclor 1242).
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The information contained in this bulletin it. to our best knowledge, true end accurate,. but ell recommendetiom or suggestions ere made without guarantee, since the conditions of use ere beyond our control. Monsanto Chemical Company disclaims any liability incurred in connection with the use ,use of these date or suggestions. Furthermore, nothing contained herein shell be construed es a racommandation to use any product in conflict with existing patents covering any material or its use.
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