Document g2mwdmyB1GNnb5LDyVaykvQjQ

FILE NAME: Owens Illinois Library (OWL) DATE: 1928 DOC#: OWL005 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Abstracts & Index from The Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology TriE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE EDITORS DAVID L. EDSALL, M. D., S. D., United States EDGAR L. COLLIS. M. D.. M. R. C. S.. Great Britain VOLUME X JANUARY. 1928--DECEMBER, 1928 PUBLISHED BY HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Boston, Mass. L. THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE Thompson et al. found th a t th e daily urine and feces of a large { feeding of organic zinc salt solutions healthy adults on an ord (acetate, citrate, and malate) or of diet, th e range and average of i zinc oxide suspensions in doses of from upon th e to tal zinc content of 1 2 to 38 mg. of zinc to albino rats, not four-hour specimens being as foi only for m any weeks previous to urine, range 0.25 to 2 mg.,` m mating, but during pregnancy and 0.89 mg.; feces, range 2.67 to 10.0)1 lactation as well, did not have any average 9.8 mg. significant effect on th e health of the In addition to providing data for! parents, on fertility, or on the health establishment of normal stand and early growth of th e offspring. zinc excretion in man, the obser T he offspring of zinc fed parents, reported prove th a t amazing ine weaned a t 23 days of age and them in fecal zinc excretion may selves p u t on daily doses of zinc, grow following the ingestion of high .!*2* a t a normal ra te and to a normal foods--increases which may lasti: adult size. several days. The work indio also th a t significant increases i n ; T he N ormal E xcretion of Zinc normal content of zinc in urine doi in the Urine and F eces of M an. result from the ingestion on K . R. Drinker, J . W. Fehnel, and M. occasions of high zinc foods but offa Marsh. Jour. Biol. Chem., March, no evidence as to whether or not 1 1927, vol. 72, jrp. 875-388. norm al urinary zinc level would D rinker et al. present figures on the raised if foods unusually rich in normal am ounts of zinc present in the were continually ingested. DUST HAZARDS AND THEIR EFFECTS P neomonoconiosis Caused by Asbestos D ust. London Letter, Jour. Am. Med. Assn., July 23,1927, vol. 89, p.804. A t a conference of the Royal M i croscopical Society, held a t Liverpool, a case of pneumonokoniosis due to asbestos dust was reported by Dr. W. E. Cooke and Mr. C. F. Hill. I t appears to be only the second reported in this country. The particles found in the lungs were large, some measur ing as much as 360 microns. They represented the brittle iron containing p a rt of the asbestos fibers. The dust c o n t a in e d 18 p e r c e n t , o f i r o n a s f e r r o u s oxide, the raw m aterial 2.1 per cent., and the finished article 0.1 per cent! The microscopic appearances of thi dust were identical with those of th e | particles found in th e lungs.--K. R. D.'J* *W' T he E ffect of Cement Dust upon the Lungs and the Question of T uberculosis among Cement W' W orkers. Fraenkel, Hack, and 1 Schott. Abstr. as follows from Zement, 51J 1926, vol. 15, pp. 126-128, in Chem. Abstr., Oct. 10, 1927, vol. p. 8260. a|P Decades spent in the dust laden atmosphere of a cement plant didH no t lead to an y dangerous disease of th e lungs in 100 cases observed. The * J.I.H. Feb., 11 ffsevere conditions stimul Jatarrh and dust impregn which did not lessen the wor] t or shorten his life or wor -P .D . ft- R adiographic P icture licO SIS, AND IT S D lF F E R E N Nosis from Other Affect i Lungs. P. F. Matter. I, July, 1927, vol. 8, pp. 198-i i summaiy following this { illows: author describes th e radio!* in chalicotic lungs--" por. a' lungs"--and points o ut tha , from th e mom ent th e conditic l a certain stage of developmer. [kind and character which will a i it possible to m ake the correct provided one possesses a fl: jjegram of the case. At th e same INDUSTRIAL PHYSIOL F [Changes in Wh ite Blood bs during Work. A . F. and M. V. Lepskaia. Abt vs from Jour, de physiol, et In., Dee., 1926, vol. 24, p. 715, in im. Med. Assn., June 25, 192'. 8, p. 2054. ^Goldberg and Lepskaia exa i blood of 300 healthy persoD fing physical and m ental wor |both the number of leukocyt gertased, especially th a t of th e r. s, which reached 82 per cent. ]|lymphocytes and eosinophils w< Educed; the eosinophils disappeai Itirely when the work was prol The number of basophils and of cytes increased; neutrophil myeli ' plasmocytes, and T tlrck's cel peared. The changes in th e leu Vo!. 10 No. 2 96 THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ABSTRAC alveolar walls. A. Policard (Lyons) solid angular particles, quite unu has combined two views in his hypo arising apparently from the dust.1 thesis, th a t they come from the lining Some short description is givetdil of the alveoli, and th a t this is meso the use of asbestos during dermal rather than epithelial. Dr. tim e; it has been known since the < H. M. Carleton, of Oxford, has re of Herodotus. In composition it i l l cently1 reexamined the question in a mineral mainly composed of hydrated! variety of ways--histology, vital stain magnesium silica. A chemical analyse! ing, tissue culture--and comes to the yields about 43 per cent. magnesii|jpi*| conclusion th a t dust cells are indeed 40 per cent, silica, and 14 per cent.i derived from the cells lining the alveoli, ter. A certain amount of oxide o f| and th at these are epithelial in iron is also usually present; the i m f nature; in other words, he reaffirms appears as dark particles among thijp|>! the original interpretation. Phago translucent asbestos fibers. The cytosis by epithelial cells is not really bers may be of great length andfinenee*^'* so very uncommon, even in mammals; so th a t cloth made with them c a n ,^ ;.| many cancers show an exaggerated weigh less than 8 ounces to the squawi!^ degree of it. These epithelial dust yard.--E. L. C. cells are, perhaps, chiefly peculiar in their capacity for ameboid movement, yf H istology op P ulmonary Asbe#-^. for after picking up particles in the tosis. S. McDonald. Brit. Mei. alveoli they will penetrate the lym Jour., Dec. 3, 1927, vol. 2, pp. 10&h. - phatics of the lung, and travel long 1026. . distances in these vessels and to the This article is devoted to the histo*., . bronchial glands. logic appearances seen in the case . . f PULMONARY ASBESTOSIS. W. E. Cooke. Brit. Med. Jour., Dec. 3,1927, reported by D r. W. E. Cooke. (See ), previous abstract.) Well-marked dif*: fuse interstitial pneumonia was present vol. 2, pp. 1024-1025. with chronic bronchitis and some ., The clinical history is given of a emphysema. There was also exten- '* woman who was exposed in a factory sive pigmentation with signs of chronic to asbestos dust for eighteen years, phthisis. The typical whorled forma*: before she ceased work in 1922. She tions seen in silicotic lungs were not then came under notice presenting present. A distinctive characteristic signs of fibrosis of the right lung and was the presence of certain large tuberculosis; she died two years later. fragments varying in size from 20 The lungs showed an enormous microns to 70 microns or even larger. amount of fine granular pigment in These curious bodies look like organic peribronchial fibrous tissue, in the structures w ith club-like extremities. walls of alveoli and in phagocytes. They were submitted to pathologists, Numerous particles of dust similar in zoologists, botanists, and chemists;but size and shape to asbestos dust were to no one could identify them. The be seen; and in addition certain large hypothesis is advanced th a t these 1Carleton, H. M.: Quart. Jour. Micros. Sci., 1927, vol. 61, p. 223. bodies are portions of asbestos fibers in the process of alteration and ab* ition by hydrolysis either by direct meal action or by enzymes; b u t Kexact nature of these foreign bodies )in doubt. (Special plates are i of photomicrographs illustrating ^papers by Dr. Cooke and D r. Me ld.)--E. L. C. | Clinical Aspects of P ulmonary estosis. T. Oliver. Brit. Med. jjfoir., Dec. 3, 1927, vol. 2, pp. 1026- >This article is a short note dealing prith the same case as is reported by [Dr. Cooke and D r. McDonald; it the same lines as the article [which appeared in T h is J ournal [(1927, vol. 9, p. 483).--E . L. C. rEffects of C oal D ust upon the [Silicotic Lung. S. L. Cummins. | Jour. Path, and Bacteriol., Oct., 1927, [lot. SO, pp. 615^619. The occurrence of silicosis among (those coal miners in South Wales who [ate employed driving roads in hard rsilica rock was reported in T his ^ Journal (1926, vol. 8, p. 466) by |Tatteraall. An account is given in this paper by Prof. S. L. Cummins of the pathologic findings in the case of one of these miners who after being [ | exposed to silica dust for four years j at machine drills was subsequently employed as a coal miner a t the face. Neither during life nor after death were tubercle bacilli found. On chemical I analysis the lungs were found to con tain a little over 10 per cent, of ash of L which 1.4 per cent, was composed of L silica. Ash from the lungs of an j. I. H. April, 192$ Vol. 10 No. 4 1 ?; 'DUSTRIAL HYGIENE solid angular particles, quite unusual, arising apparently from the dust. Some short description is given of the use of asbestos during historic time; it has been known since the days of Herodotus. In composition it is a mineral mainly composed of hydrated magnesium silica. A chemical analysis yields about 43 per cent, magnesia, 40 per cent, silica, and 14 per cent, wa ter. A certain amount of oxide of iron is also usually present; the iron appears as dark particles among the translucent asbestos fibers. The fi bers may be of great length and fineness so th a t cloth made with them can d weigh less than 8 ounces to the square st yard.--E. L. C. in st, H istology of P ulmonary Asbesre tosis. S. McDonald. Brit. Med. n- Jour., Dec. 8, 1927, vol. 2, pp. 1025ag 1026. he This article is devoted to the histo logic appearances seen in the case reported by D r. W. E . Cooke. (See E. previous abstract.) Well-marked dif 27, fuse interstitial pneumonia was present with chronic bronchitis and some ' a emphysema. There was also exten ory sive pigmentation with signs of chronic irs, phthisis. The typical whorled forma She tions seen in silicotic lungs were not ing present. A distinctive characteristic and was the presence of certain large ter. fragments varying in size from 20 lOUS microns to 70 microns or even larger.* t in These curious bodies look like organicthe structures w ith club-like extremities. /tes. They were submitted to pathologists, ir in zoologists, botanists, and chemists; bat re to no one could identify them. Ths arge hypothesis is advanced that th a t bodies are portions of asbestos fibers in the process of alteration and aigj ABSTRACTS 97 sorption by hydrolysis either by direct ordinary adult gave only 3.2 per cent, chemical action or by enzymes; but ash with an inconsiderable amount of the exact nature of these foreign bodies silica. Microscopically the lungs ex remains in doubt. (Special plates are hibited definite and characteristic fi given of photomicrographs illustrating brosis; in addition, a great accumula the papers by Dr. Cooke and Dr. Mc tion of pigment originating in coal dust Donald.)--E. L. C. was found, so much so th a t the upper parts and surface of the lungs felt and f Clinical Aspects of P ulmonary looked like coal. M any dust bearing Asbestosis. T. Oliver. Brit. Med. macrophage cells were to be seen in Jour., Dec. 8, 1927, vol. 2, pp. 1026- the fibrotic tissue, carrying particles 1027. of coal dust. Others had disinte This article is a short note dealing grated leaving their burden of coal dust with the same case as is reported by behind. The writer compares the Dr. Cooke and Dr. McDonald; it occupational exposure of the patient follows the same lines as the article to that/obtained on animals by Mavro- which appeared in T his J ournal gordato who exposed guinea-pigs first (1927, vol. 9, p. 483).--E. L. C. to fine silica dust and subsequently to fine coal dust. The findings closely Effects of Coal D ust upon the followed those now reported. The Silicotic Lung. S. L. Cummins. suggestion is p u t forward th a t the Jour. Path, and Baderiol., Oct., 1927, lungs were first damaged in their vol. 80, pp. 618-619. lymph drainage by the fibrosis; subse The occurrence of silicosis among quently coal dust became entangled those coal miners in South Wales who there which would have been elimi are employed driving roads in hard nated from normal healthy lungs. silica rock was reported in T his The result was th a t coal dust, which Journal (1926, vol. 8, p. 466) by is usually considered a harmless dust, Tattersall. An account is given in so accumulated in the lungs th a t it v this paper by Prof. S. L. Cummins of accentuated the preexisting silicosis the pathologic findings in the case of sufficiently to lead to death.-- , one of these miners who after being E. L. C. l exposed to silica dust for four years ' >', at machine drills was subsequently A N ew K onimeter. R. A . H. employed as a coal miner a t the face. Flgge de Smidt. Jour. Chem., Metall, % Neither during life nor after death were and Min. Soc. So. Africa, Oct., 1927, -fl%tubercle bacilli found. On chemical vol. 28, pp. 78-80. analysis the lungs were found to con- . A brief description, with illustration, ^ tain a little over 10 per cent, of ash of is given of a circular konimeter with which 1.4 per cent, was composed of microscope attached, designed by the lilica. Ash from the lungs of an Carl Zeiss Co., Jena.--P . D. HYG IENE lanical system of ventilajr perfect, is capable of he wholesome and health- of the outdoor atm os; the spring and fall, is vital property in the >, is a m a tte r o f conjecoe electrical, physical, or conclusion of th e Com3 effect th a t respiratory Is is chiefly caused by or tem perature is not his study. T he author believe th a t it m ay be ie g reater volum e o f a ir ugh the rooms, which ) evaporation from the Doses pupils to respira'urther studies will be prove this hypothesis, ssed b y th e au th o r's how im partiality in controversy of long includes in part: data had been based on foundation of diagnosis is by competent persons, v-up of absentees been the possibility of falsifiabsenee, and had the duals included in our r, we should be warie unqualified assertion ninary study strongly at natural ventilation irtue which mechanical .ot possess, or that >nInvolves some harm- ich natural ventilation s the reader against iuctions from this to know th a t these mtinued under imvith the promise of s.--C. P. Y. O a^lM SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME X This is a subject index to all the reading matter in the Abstract of the Literature of I ndustrial H ygiene, and one should, therefore, look for the subject word. The name of the author follows the subject entry in parenthesis. For author index, see page 265. PASS Absenteeism in industry, bibliography. 186 respiratory diseases as cause of, among industrial workers (Brundage)............................................... 233 Accidents, see also under Safety, spe cific occupations, and specific parts of body. Accidents at metal works (Semovskich)............................................. 198 at metallurgic works in U. S., 1925 (Adams)............................................199 coal mine fatalities in U. S., 1926 (Adams)........................................... 174 coke oven, in U. S., 1926 (Adams)... 219 compensated, in New York State, July, 1924-June, 1926, causes of__ 84 electric (Tousey)............................... 47 in "Dagestanskije Ogni" glassworks (Flerovsky)..................................... 174 in handling liquids with compressed air (Leymann)................................. 220 in manufacture of bromate of lead (Witt).............................................. 190 in Petrovsky and Lenin iron foundries' (Schkljar)........................................ 198 incidental cost of, to employer (Hein rich)................................................. 121 individual differences in liability to (Farmer).......................................... 221 individual differences in liability to, among motonnen and bus operators (Slocombe and Bingham)...............221 industrial, and accident neurosis (Seelert)......................................... 31 industrial, compensation for, and - curative workshop (Faulkes).........108 industrial, in arsenals of Italian navy (Rolando)....................................... 23 industrial, in Bavaria (Koelsch)....... 51 industrial, prevention of (Ingall)__ 24 International Association of Indusi , trial Accident Boards and Commis sions, thirteenth annual meeting of, 1926............................................. ! 72 , machine tool, analysis of (Fuller)---- 73 metal mine, in U.S., 1925 (Adams)... 198 * power plant........................................ 73 prevention of, and production (Hannum)............................................... 73 prevention of, engineering as factor in.................................................... 72 !> prevention of, in building trades (Meade).......................................... 73 PAGE Accidents, prevention of, in Russia, 1925 (Markus)................................ 121 prevention of, in Soviet Russia (Dworetzky)................................... 186 prevention of, in tobacco industry (Stahl).............................................. 221 quarry, in U. S., 1925 (Adams).........220 to workmen, increase in, in Pennsyl vania................................................. 23 Acid, see also under names of specific acids. Acid burns, treatment of (Davidson).. 25 Age, significance of, in economy of mus cular work (Gesaler and Markert).. 176 Agricultural workers, housing of, in Germany.......................................... 151 Air, compressed, see Compressed Air. conditioning systems for modem plants, costs of (Gant).....................150 contamination, removal of, at source (Graves).......................................... 80 Alkali bums, treatment of (David son)................................................. 25 Ammonia, method for quantitative de termination of, in air (Siipfle, Hof mann, and Walz)............................. 163 Anaphylaxis, idiosyncrasy and, as re lated to compensation (Mori).......231 Aniline, deleterious action of, through skin (Schfitze)........................... 60 oil poisoning, blood changes in (Arneth and Albacht).................. 116 pencils, injuries to hand and fingers by (Iselin)..................................172 Anthracosis produced by injection of soot (Noblen)............................195 pulmonaiy (Jousset).....................191 Anthrax, human, in Germany, 1925, 1926 (Spatz)............................ 193,193 human, serum treatment of (Bodin). 194 r61e of finger nails in infection with (Lindtrop)...................................... 194 Arm, m'otor, in automobile drivers (Gaskell)......................................... 38 Arsenic dust, atmospheric pollution with (Sowden)................................ 187 poisoning in chemical industry (de Balsac, Agasse-Lafont, and Feil).. 90 Arseniuretted Hydrogen, lethal poi soning by (Laborde)........................ 210 poisoning, measures against (Naes- lund)............................................... 61 Arsine, see Arseniuretted Hydrogen. 247 / , m 248 THE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE Arthritis, chronic, importance of, in industrial work (Rees)................... 98 Asbestos dust, pneumonokoniosis due to ........................................................ 42 Asbestosis, pulmonary (Cooke)........... 96 pulmonary, clinical aspects of (Oliver)............................................. 97 pulmonaiy, histology of (McDonald). 96 Asphyxia, carbon monoxide, resuscita tion methods in (Mayers)................. 164 Asthma, occupational, in leather worker (Grimm)................................ 192 Atmospheric conditions in Chesapeake and Ohio railroad tunnels (Sayers, Berger, and Y ant)............................. 243 conditions, industrial fatigue in rela tion to (Vernon).............................. 149 pollution by smoke, effect of (Langs- dorf}..................... 79 pollution, measurement of (Moore).. 79 pollution with arsenic dust (Sowden). 187 pressure, increased, respiration in (Anthony)......................................... 76 pressure, low, blood under (Sey- farth )................................................ 46 pressure, low, body temperature variations with (Bhague et al.)... 46 pressure, low, liver changes from (Loewy)............................................. 46 Australia, examination of metallif erous mine employees of Western Australia (Robertson)..................... 70 industrial hygiene in, third confer ence on, 1927..................................... 34 mortality and morbidity statistics of employees of New South Wales railways and tramways. 1926......... 205 pulmonary conditions oi mine em ployees of Western Australia, 1925- 1928 (Nelson).................................... 170 weights and heights of mine em ployees of Western Australian gold fields (Hooker)................................ 124 Workmen's Compensation Act of New South Wales, 1926, medical aspects of (Millard)....................................... 51 Automobile drivers, motor arm in (Gaskell)........................................... 38 exhaust gas, see Gas, automobile exhaust. repair shops, carbon monoxide tests in (Sails)............................................ 164 repair shops, exhaust gas in (Bloom field and Isbell)................................. 211 Aviation, physiologic modifications in human organism during flight (Lelli).................................................. 175 relationship of static and dynamic data to constitutional vigor in se lection of air pilots (Sgarbi)........... 175 Back injuries in industrial employees (Hem ion;........................................ 24 Bakers, bread, derm atitis in (Starob i n s k i ) .................................................... 196 eczema in, origin of (S tern).................. 71 Barley dust, idiosyncrasy to (Urbach and Steiner).....................................148 Belgian Congo, industrial hygiene in. 208 Belgium, compensation for industrial diseases in (Langelez)..................... 30 industrial hygiene in............................158 industrial hygiene in (Kalmus)......... 38 Benzene, see Benzol. Benzine poisoning, fatty substances in (Schustrow and Letawet).............. 61 safe benzine apparatus (Schischkin). 211 Benzol and its higher homologues, relative toxicity of (Batchelor). . . 4 poisoning, chronic (Hunter and Han- flig).................................................... 88 poisoning, chronic, among women workers.................................... Biscuit factory welfare, Great Britain, 1927............................................... . 181 Blast Furnace gas, poisoning by, in mtallurgie plants (Aranovskij).. 162 Bund, industrial life of, in Central Europe (Canner)............................ 139 Bundness, simulated, method for de tection of (Lauber).......................... 153 Blood, arterial, sugar content, gas content, and alkalinity of, during carbon monoxide poisoning (Mik- ami)...................... 88 basophilic red cells in lead poisoning and lead absorption (McCord)----216 cells, white, changes in, during work (Goldberg and Lepskaia). . . . . . . . . . 43 changes in chronic lead poisoning (Schmidt-Kehl)................................. 65 changes in experimental acute lead poisoning (Fujita). ......................... 40 changes in poisoning by carbon monoxide, lysol, and aniline oil (Arneth and Albacht)...................... 116 chlorine content of, in high tempera ture, influence of amount of water drunk (Marschak and Klaus)........236 cholesterin in lead poisoning (Khn). 65 circulating, temperature of (Binger and Christie)............._..................v 45 distribution and chemical composi tion of small quantities of lead in (Behrens and Pachur)..................... 90 examinations of workers in copper rolling mill (Semenskaja)................. 114 physical condition of, in high tem perature, effects of drinking water and saline solution (Marschak and Dukelskaja)........................................236 picture in workers in hot metal (Schubenko-Schubin and GabusovaSchubenko).........................................186 polycythemia in feather dyers (Kil gore)................................................. 38 pressure,_arterial, influence of physi cal training on (Schneider, Clarke, and Ring)......................................... J75 pressure o fworkers in chemical plants (Kulagin)............................................ 114 SUBJECT PAQK Blood, red, picture of cement workers (Saleck)............................................. 148 sugar, carbon monoxide hypergly cemia (Mikami)................................ 163 under low atmospheric pressure (Seyfarth)......................................; ........ 46 - value of punctate red cells in diagno sis of lead poisoning (Lehmann). . 215 Body, weights and heights of mine em ployees of Western Australian gold fields (Hooker)........................... 124 Bone injuries, minimizing industrial handicap due to (Thornton).... 222 Boot, see Shoe. Bottle factory, health conditions of glass blowers in (Ekelov)......... 36 Brain injuries, industrial aspects of (Dowman)......................................... 186 Brass founders' fever (de Balsac, Agasse-Lafont, and Feu)...................168 Briquette, brown coal, death of loco motive fireman due to hydrogen sulphide from (Gerbis).................... 6 Bronze factories, hygiene and roentgen . ray examinations in (Krger and ^ Saupe)............................................ , . . 4? Building trades, accident prevention in (Meade)........................................ 7f Burns, acid and alkali, treatm ent of (Davidson)......... ............................ 2: chemical, of eye (Villard).................. 12( chemical, of eye, treatment of (Cos grove)................................................ 12 electric (Gaby).........................-- T [ Bursa, occupational, of hand in rail way carnage cleaner (R ycroft)... 1 Bursitis, olecranon (Lasher and Mathewson)...................................... IS Caisson disease and sanitary con ditions during construction of rail way bridge over Kasanka River (Kisselewa and Kisselew).................L disease compensable in Ontario....... L disease dunng helmet diving (An derson)............................................... Calcium Cyanamide, industrial derma tosis due to (Casazza). . .................1 Canada and U. S., industrial condi tions in.............................................. annual report of Ontario Division of Industrial Hygiene (Cunningham). 1 silicosis in Ontario gold mining (Hague and McBain).................... 1 silicosis, pneumonokoniosis, and cais son disease compensable in On tario................................................... 1 Cancer and trauma from standpoint of compensation (Seiffert).................. chimney sweeps' (Bang).................... chimney sweeps' (Guldberg).............. in roentgenologist, treatment of (Marqus)......................................... paraffin (Spitzer)................................. pulmonary, tar as cause of................. scrotal, in mule spinners.............. 58,