Document g2eY33aEeOgg1o89DedvnVDOV

August September, 1949 A K0 MA TICS Better Things for Better ' T i v i ng -Mrw^ jm Aj Av ' ' ... thro fig h Chemistry txH&Si&ttltmi Now MARLATE tags him OUT There's no one perfect material to kill in sects today--without danger to humans or animals or crops. But Du Pont has now come closer to the ideal with "Marlate" methoxychlor insecticide. It has many of the cardinal virtues for such a product. First, "Marlate" has an unusually high factor of safety to sensitive plants ... it doesn't burn cucurbits, beans or tomatoes, for example. Likewise, tests thus far show that residues of this chemical are remark ably low in toxicity to warm-blooded animals. Second, "Marlate" controls many insects ... on fruit, on vegetables, on livestock and on forage crops. In fact, it has an unusual range of effectiveness. And third, "Marlate" is both quick-act ing and long-lasting. It knocks down many insects on the wing, and for many uses, one application remains effective for several weeks. "Marlate" is one of many outstanding products of Du Pont research. You can get full information on Du Pont chemicals for the farm from your Du Pont technical service representative. Or write to Du Pont, Grasselli Chemicals Department, Wilmington t)8, Delaware. DU PONT CHEMICALS FOR THE FARM INCLUDE: Fungicides: PARZATE' (Liquid and Dry), FERMATE*. ZERLATE*, Coppor-A (Fixed Copper), SULFORON* and SULFORON'-X Wotiablo Sulfurt--Insoel/eWoi! DEENATE1 DDT, MARLATE* (Malhoxychlor), LEXONE* (Beoxcnu Hoxachlorido), KRENiTE1' Dinitro Spray--Weed Killers: AMMATE!:, 2,4-D, TCA and Dinilro Wood Killers -- Also: Du Pont Cotton Dusts, Du Pont Spreader Sticker, PARMONE1, Fruit Drop Inhibitor and many ot hors. jfiREG. U. S. PAT. OFF. On all chemicals always follow directions for application. Where warning I I or caution statements on use of I he product are given, read l hem carefully. J Reg u b.pAT.oFF- BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHtMISTRY ' iI` i f,'-:-.'I' ! V ;: Atoto.UA hi HI: ccij] priHi ' iv-i > ! i. ; U S ;4 , 1 H k i ; ` t'. H <' 1 h .. . 5 ; V `r ' i: .! i: i ! ; i>; > . , . i I-*:-;ri : ! . : l;. ,v. - .\N;* ..Tbfrs iM -St r o p s .........]....!,,.....A....*... i i. ! !< 1 . : ! {: ^ . . ' i\ '. : v . * to i-1" -rt t'j 4 \' i: \. . rM i- v i f. t'. .<>>//t r oj -i: l'to? 'D i - i *> v riV I'J *.{!}: i Vv* t! tn tfiittwit' Dt-!rt w<tf" A*t t:xthr*. r -- tt (V .sri-tox,! !,.!! .fs i .!> wtori-V'.; i, :b-.- i: n< < : ! * i; 4 k\ . : ..;, ... : \ \V. ................ i Mfc r. \V iiGi i: h i r \ ; r;. n i`4\M HI Men* . . I - < 1* !t>t` Art : l\ <' :!!.' 5 : i' -H-n. t M '' i' i. i f .i ,:l i . ,j-, j to- >.* j.\. : , :wi TTK'i)' ii'-rt y./j?*: toU'h i v ii i ? i|n: '.to i; ci-. ' i : j' -Si' w . : i, V :. .. :! u * si; : <: ': j- . .! i : i '!. i I i`: }: ; ! * l H i i ! <<'{ S' i '.!! i; ! < m : S i * ` !?i.;: .ul*: ...i i ; i \H. :'!' i i i \' I'Hd ! {;. : : I:r i\\ ? j y..;l I i: . I S < S ! ih ; ^ . . \ ! y \\ i' i $ ` ii i, i :: v :. ;:: . : i'i-i ! ' it HS ? ; S :S ii:S\ si!, ; 1 ':: .: : :. \ .4}*ivv:v i-i\ i-iu- .ii.s ; Vv < ji.s-'-i .h j -4- l,1;::: '<< in..-;., .5* >g ;s i ' 1 n.i .|'-r Americans like bipiess. Most towns hope to grow larger. When n man starts out in business, it goes without saying that he hopes his business will grow. We agree pretty generally in the United States that this is a healthy view point. And some ittle towns do grow, do become big towns. In bhe United States many a'Small business does""grow;"' No*' and" tlieii-it makes so .many Mends, -Itnlnilit.. to such, a "position of leadership that it crosses an.imagh . naryhue axidheeoiiies."Mg",huiiliiiss.....;:........... :......... :. But then a strange thing happens. Some of the very peopto"who '-agree.that growing'" bigger- is a '"good.thing,. turn around, once a business crosses (tils imaginary line, and say It Is too Mg. A century and a halfago the Du Pont Company began as a very small company. We have grown with America. Today Du Pont is a big company. So we ask this... Just when does "Mg" become "too big?" Just who is to decide when the imaginary line is crossed? Just -when-ought'a' company stop growing? . Would anyone'really be bettor of if tie people., who. . ...ti.wnei. the Du Pont Company..in the. year;190Q--or 1910, or 1910--had said; "We are too Mg. We refuse to grow bigger." In that case you would have no -Cellophane, no "Duco*5 Snishes, no nylon, no neoprene rubtar. Shall we stop growing today? Shall we tell our research teams to stop improving old tilings, stop looking for new ones? Shall we refuse to hire any new people and lock our laboratory doors? Then there will be no Du Pont de velopments tomorrow. - - The answer is really pretty simple. Any company- -should- be just as big -as ..if.-nedslto.-be.-to.. manufacture .goods economically and .efficiently. After, all a. big busk ..jiess..is....jist.A^ cif.pfifjpli.hayB... joined together to do a job too big for a lesser ;number .Of'persons..By the same....token small biisiiieases perform many services more efficiently than Mg businesses. Each' does the thing it does best. And you actually decide how big my company shall be, because you cast a vote every time you buy a product. For our part we feel proud that the Du Pont Com pany is big enough to bring you an .ever-increasiiif number of "better things for better livingA ................... ELEMENTARY... It seems that aromatics used in industry have been known to play Sherlock Holmes, "Take the case of the manufacturer of elastic yarn,'* he said, explain ing that the rubber in that company's product was high-quality, virgiustock. The competition.camealong............. . . with 1111. inferior. product,. using reclaimed...rubber. ...To...'....... Z look at the two, you couldn't tell them apart. In the .......... resulting confusion, customers were returning inferior - - : "yarn.to" the..first.company,""saying"' 11..was.no..good................ . ;. '"Without telling anyone," lie said, "the oonipaiiy started putting" a special.perfume.into '"their"product................ After that, when complaints came in, the salesman could take a whiff and say with assurance, `This isn't ouraZ It saved them a lot of money." He was short, dark and energetic-the aromatics expert, lor an hour orso hewaspotting thatenergy to work giv- ..:.... ing m an enthusiastic and Informal survey of Ms held. ..; :........... : Never ...basing met.Ian aromatics..:.expertbefore, ..; we found' that our stereotype picture wasn't worth much. He didn't have long hair, tapered fingers or- a ..:......... BatlihoiieIiose(:ancI'least'dfall''3itl'le'Sase''tlie faraway... .......look ofone peering into, the heart of a lotus, blossom," ..:......... He - was, first'" of""all,"" a business man, one-whose-life ; has been 'dedicated to the proposition that we're all : led around by our noses, and like it. : "An idea has gotten around that all aromatics : are perfumes," lie began, "but the truth is, perfumes ; : are just one type. Others are the `reotltirizing agents' ; that offset disagreeable odors by using them as build : : ing blocks in rounding out a harmonious scheme. Still .. : others are frankly had" smells like those used to warn ..:..:...... if..gas.leaks,..or...repel.insects..They.run'" the..whole. ::::: ' gamut from sweet to obnoxious,, and are found in more ..:......... applications" than 'you'd" imagine....................................... ... "Even the flavorings in 7 Z..:...... candy..ancLgelatin desserts*ire nrommit's." he added. "which goes to prove that tea <> >nihte.t. ..! i:!,-;., I-.- b\ smeU. Remember how grand in-jd y.mr m she gave you cod liver oil?" ' A ROMATICS If i Sin -tout "One tMng that: many i>ir ,ito . continued, "is that a lot of ai.'in.a ks tiic .<i. i-.j.- <i>. ;.. Sometimes they're used to gi\iU:.; jiu'i .>,!(>; . !mm .: - more often they're added I" :;<< ui'tor.;,- im i one," He paused for a momoni t-nmiK-nii!!-. .< .foyv Z..:.......examples,. Then,. "Here's"wh-.u i moan___ I'm yure ..;..;...... in' "the" past "'you' "'have' "run" acn.;.-; !.u! ;}:>`iiin;: yl-cti, ..:..... shower curtains, aprons or hiiiiddr;Tor cs-forii b**v .............is.....u3ually.'..the....plasticizerrn"Hid u;u-.i u. .-"a';,-:! ' the material and make it men' iU>\ "1 remember one case p.-u-i it-iffis-iv. V m.'iuit : ' turer ofplastic handbags had i ! ".!!>!' rtomv i.i-.u-s : because of its lingering bad i:< tor. i h- .tod ;> id-.' ; plastics manufacturer, who in rom , u = >: r i nm t >0 i\-=t=1 `Can you give us an odor -leu .auoib- l-kc to;<.to - he asked. Well, we filled IN- iwiiu- .)>.! bd-,-* bkc*: ZZ ' the handbags much bet,'ter.1 AROMATICS BOOST WORKERS' MORALE After mentioning a few other oases where odor was used for identification, such as in distinguishing among various buffing compounds, he branched'off- - ' Into "lie "prionlil' Held................................................ :................ "In these days of improved human" relaticmahips; ...... ; .hi'"industry*" he.began,..`^management..knows.that............... .everybody. is happier and "work is more efficient when.............. ..the; in*retthiMgi...ire.tofeaiint.. :......... :.:........ :.......... ... :......... :.... "But take a poor manufacturer with a foul-smell ing process, like the application of composition soles to shoes. The offender here is 'the cement. For years ' ' we have been supplying adhesive manufacturers with aromatics that keep men in the shoe factories happy," He brought out another example, from the war years. At that time women were going into many indua-. trial jobs that were once the exclusiveprovince of'men. .7 ' Kol floiif, but perfumed feet powder being silled lyara- Z Z .... . '. .mattes' worker;"Powder 'sample l8"'uei:i"iigeclt"iliii"teiioi. ;.............. *i : ' i i; ;' ii : t i* /! 11 j. vs. s j ! * i.:. i 11? i <11 i < * < * * i rui i nii; i i \ 1^-. a!' " '..'iaiff -.1 is., i: ;l i;! i.i a v;-;;' .s* = : ;isi ; !: ; ?= : / i:!! i: i :a! i'i: if i i i: a: jf >' -c: j:: j ! - i*f; ' i'. > i :i j:M: fi ii.f i U iV f ! i !|,uj.(. i1- i;. : Iii iii!.;.:-.. iini ilir jMi'i:- :: ; .! ! l: i 11.-i i fa f iif v fj'. v, '.. i 1 i i \ v ? i ii .' ' . : i i ; ,i !< ; i t::: 11 < n :: i n f'lfi- .i iffifflf ' ! ;l iii!..- . ,( i iii f 11 ii 1 i 11 | : I !' i i i ii ! ! ; ;J , If { \ ii \V i: f. ' ' if 1 ' i' i : i. 1: ! ;; i 11 ' I: v J hlLlf U'l i! :i-i ii.'.fi- i'l .liiM'l f: fi;. " . jiii>;,f "fr rr u mi i -'.i ; < s -.ru/ m vm;"- i.. ..Vi i : A ' ji i ff.i i.i.Ai if...i-f , i ! 1!,. .. i'llsi i >:} ;4 V ' ` - .:; i.: . 1 i - it i- ! rLi- : l : !!: : j j !! '. : ili! i.iilf ii'. ! ifr';;". j:,": i.t . > i.'t: m i i : i : : ` '. ' 1 : : ii1 ill!;:! ii:;;: itil i,,i i ' i 1; : r . .i;.' on (.!,( : ;: : :< !: f i i . ii :f.;'i i : i: . -f I f ii'i i 1'f - f 1 ; > j:: i-:. ; a 'i.. .1: I. 1 L: i i - :' i .. -.-i' ;: v. l.liyii; :: : i ! :i l! 1 V- j: j,.'!;-.!. : ;l f ilifi.f':' iAA. I'if l i if f j Ll'i i '! i vL i ; = ; . v.'i i I; ' i I i 1 f i ; i' .ii ! c. = i i ;* :ij-.--. i;< ]t i if/ ili.ii'.SiHii.'i i \ i SL'V-Tli i-5' i'! i ! ii :i ili .kiili ; i ! IvV liLlii Wi: :: i j" - i - i II'iil'-ii : .iif' mail '..viy.i i>i! Sliil |i mil. i-i' f,ii; ! i i':!!! in;.; fiii:: ;i>'; j 's 1 ! ! f i \ i; i f s( i sii' ia i!: i1! ` 'n>i I'i!i )' i::sit >. i<ii i ! ;i'f i ( ; s .i' iii i i > i ! i if: .;fi. W f ! if i f :: i : ! ii::i J !'-i i f i 1: i : '.V.'i.-' l ! ;i . Vv i i 1! : a i i ii ii:; . ini.i.i'; '. i I i ill! iiv ;:: : ic i if. ;! ii ii 11. > i ii i I f i; ..1 : riii. ;:! S i if ; i ic .VV ' :: I' : n i iii ! i ! !! 'i ii 'i ` 111, j if ;i. i i . i! L,' i I L.' i i Vi J i ( :i i Ji :t i i '; ; i 1 i; \ f i if jH'i'i.'S'i'iii'i :.' 1!) s > i if :! i I'iliij..: j u i: il ' \ : j i : i ` i'll. Iff' ffi'ili.'ii j 1.1 | Lfj : i i fill i: ffi ii l J l: Liifl fi :i l fl I i: !Lj i \ ifi'.... i i i<: ;! ! a Vi.'lf' i! !i : I ; ii : J i . '-i.-ifil ! T ];: i. i ii li > i < ii I:: Liiii'! I . 'iJi 'i iai ai'c' iiii11 iff. .-Mii-i i Ilf' ;.'j; Iii isliii ififi! iiiiiji. We ;.f`i V/i')ifli i.i :i iii.iii l Ji 'i-i-i ii.. !*f f iiii. li;;;.; mi iiilisiv'. if VVii.S i.lii' ii.'L'il i'iiii' "iiili ' ili- f iV.ilnr! . . . "tj.cy linin'! . iV.'iii/i: Ui.il i f ;i1 V I i. i If `f V: I iff- i/i l.i Ur 'i i< ;r'. '!!>:V i ;i f ln> ffr'iiiff! | *j iii.i.if' iiiisi.- f't i ]f fi'S.. S; f;! t> {i11A i .. aijii (Iillii'i i'i ii. f )i.'i i f Iiii!' i'i:! =;!' i . 'Ii i K \ SI ! . \ V.- V. Kti Ai 'i '"ii i i . ! i . ! ! ! -. .'ffi '.'Iiii 1 i'i l i-ti ,'lfff/lli i iii' i.i'iii i L.iiii'i! ' ;i: i'i. i. > ;iii\ 1'liifi' ii.iriif-.' ('. I : li'! iti i i (' i i i ff L'- I'i ii. " i ini Hf't ii ; In- m.! '. ! iiiiiin1 i'.i'i.'iiy! i-i.ii.'i fi.li--i ii.'i -Ii, :;t-i l/.i;| i! !c; it !('. r\ ".ii||i;i!l 1!!. | ii;- i'i is! f k -i.irs [43 counter would much rather think of a flower-carpeted customers will use our aromatics for," he added, French landscape, "For Instance, a scent used In a fly spray must "It's easy to understand why such a mental pic dissolve in the spray's other ingredients. If a perfume ture is glamorous," tie went on. "Still, it leads to the. is going into a face powder, we have to be sure that oetl-ivlr- tUfi-' <fl4aoaonUm-iIilnMclgr FMhicdiiF* dciiniyvflMiTiMlilcgr tiHllhda'1f* KildotSa <ad J-Plelcgmll none of Its ingredients will irritate the skin. Aromatics label is automatically better than something made for lipstick must taste as well as smell good . , , right her: at home. Of course, that juskisift so. The. . . ;: "In. fact, we. have equipment for.'making and . 'biggest" factor' "in-the" perfume industry.today.Is '"the.... ""testing' 'samples "of-soapreosmetics "anil "toilet" prepare-... American chemist-perfumer,................. .......... tlons. After we've given our aromatics a whole battery .:..:."At... DuPont,.. for.: instance,.chemists. ...are... repro^.1. .. oftests., in. such.products,..we. try...thenvouton.juries-of I.. clueing the odors of carnation, rose, gardenia, pipe Company, employees, and .thert.. send, them ..on. to our : needle, orange blossom and many more, They have customers.;......... ;.;......... ;............ ........ y......... ;............... ;.. created aromas that never existed in nature, and pro ..........*!tss"" inighty..convenient,"..lie'"' observed,.."that.... duced some that can't he extracted from plants--such Du Pont serves so many industries, for example, take as cyclamen, heliotrope, lilac and lily-of-the-valley." the Rubber Chemicals Division. If we want to work SPECIAL AROMATICS . out something to improve the odor of rubber, its laboratory facilities are always available to us." *`OQHomIllteJjMi'irirlltoebaJ Ha rLOrvImIipt"iiLl aM,4`Sa itililt! gtfOnaumij rl imp+lir +u-rOt Then Mr. Nose had to leave for a meeting of The makers of soap and other products. Or we may supply American Society of Perfumers, Inc. After he was t$yiiyicyL|f< IyKwnwafAeSJKa Ftoa au Fl Hu iajti* t ia a t VIa wiiv tiinitiatslrAjaJ uitm aowt on -gone,-w had' a much-better Hea of what man-made..... . perfumes. iOften. we...are...asked...Sir. special:formulations:... .aromatic...prodnets....do.. ..to.make... life. .more.pleasant.=.:.. KkJijr aiJi lie Ij IMa j wWllilAO mlfflvl" twsfsaitivlfIr*, cSejarjtfrj aonil tntjDnJnJMlaS lO\lAlvCoOSAOlJTJn. ' Aay\rVciYe%il 4k-HiiayiUioqt IHI I-IFt* tIv *oanvtJLt?* Xollljg OrtUitiT* 111%1^*JAyWJwSOM&aeJlOrirtti -1f1l.1-.i4a.1f1 lw-il.ilGo ' odor with- Just a touch of jasmin in it, - .................. whole industry revolves 'around "Our Indiscretion" - *Tt Important for.................. m to ^........ and "Madness No. 7." - Bettor Brush Co. operator adds aromatits to shnmpoo ingredients in mixing keltic. m On the filling line, these workers tag hollies ofthe scented "lemon shampoo." # Before going to the consumer, the prod im'I is tested under conditions of use. /i Da Pant photo product helps modernise ....... the oMmt zoa in Anmrksm ....... : ...................... ..............By' STEPHEN ""DAVIS..... !.............. 1..... i........... .fellilg.: pace. a...of.MayMpH..aiIipiiifltiio speeds, despite a history that goes back to a yesterday of horse-drawn trolleys and high-button shoes--that's- "" tlii""itofy.of 'Siieoca'a.oldest ""zoo,..the.PMEielpMa.. Zoological Garden. Although 1949 marks the Diamond Jubilee ofthis famous institution, it hm not been allowed to fall behind the times. There are more than 1500 specimens here today, in contrast with the 282 animals exhibited on the opening day, July 1, 1874. Besides boasting .many modern buildings and some of the newest math- . ods of exhibiting animals, it is one of two zoological parksmthecountry thathasitsown staff'photographer. Andy a* far as we "know,' the Philadelphia.Zoo -iy the only one..employing a woman staff photographer. .. ......: When.giia. institiiMc...:.flt*st:.came... Into...being,. Its. guide books and cage signs were illustrated with oldfashioned drawings. But-with the manufacture of 'modem'"pEotogriiplic" products,'"the""Garden's.publi-" cations were filled with pictures, and many of its cage signs were embellished with colored photos of the animals. Isabelle dePeyster Hunt began her work as staff photographer in September 1942. Since then many fine animal shots have won her a respected place in her field. The problems she encounters in "shooting" the mammals, birds and reptiles are very unusual, for they require patience and understanding demanded by few other jobs. Monkeys, hippos and tigers are not easy subjects; they won't sit still and pose for their portraits. However, Du Pont products--"De fender" photographic films and papers--help make her "shooting"" and darkroom'"work 'easier, . ; ........ When" the""modern""TEopical""Room'"in the -Reptile House was designed, it presented a new problem. An egtirslx. . type:# sign was..heeded--cine that could b easily illuminated from the rear, could be easily read, and would-show in natural colors the rep- "files In each cageTTiis would' le"lielpiiIiii"aistinguSS-.. Ing one species from another when several were in the same pen, Du Pont solved this problem for Miss Hunt with "Adlux" photographic film for transparencies. She printed her negatives on this material, then colored the pictures with photographic oil paint. The descrip tive text was printed by the Zoo's hand press, and a. new...and distinctive sign.style had.been, created. .;..:..In..the .Tropical. loom.. .Iis. si.aJifS, ...frogs,. turtles..;. and 11lards are displayed in well-lighted cages, behind glass, with backgrounds simulating natural habitats, 'Tfe"""Silttx,,'"Hghs,""aiiiiiinatai.''ftSil""fi.e"rehrf"a.re"sef.. above eachexhibit;The public corridor is dimly'lighted, . 'and -the-result -is -one-of-the -most spectacular displays.. in the Garden. A ZOO OF "FIRSTS" During its 76 years, the Philadelphia Zoo has pioneered in many fields beside photography. It is literally a zoo of "firsts," Perhaps the most significant innovation was l ho establishment In 1903 of a well .. equipped research, laboratory :to- maintain the health . of the eiitlre...collectiQii ofanimals.. Diea.'ara.pcescribed,'.I occasional illnesses treated, and valuable data from post-mortem examination are' gathered.................... ..... .. Here" orangoutangs were first successfuiy misii... In :America, alicl tills mm'mm first 'to. erect"'.glam par- : titions between 'Spectators'and primates"im tlwM'onkey.. House. This reduced the number of tuberculosis cases <! I siitluflle Hunt, wily woman sta It photographer at ii It S, <>, "sin Mils" a iimaiw. Most subjects won'i stand slHl, among the:monkeys and' apes. And the institution was' "irsfrto.keejya""iorIla.alive 'in "tlii""Dnttecl'"Stiitii'"fof. any 'length' of time. Bamboo, 'tie gargantuan upe," ..celebratesIlls 23r<! ...birthday thiseummer,........................ . . More than II million Americana have visited, the.. .Philadelphia..Zoo in;the past..T5 years,.Ii....1876,..the..; year of the Centennial Exposition in the Quaker City, 677,630 persons crowded into the Garden--an all-time record. It is expected that well over half a million will flock there during the Diamond Jubilee. They will come to feed loads of peanuts to the bears, elephants and monkeys, and to stand in awe before the cages of the great, tigers and lions. They will come to laugh at the'lively'antics of the denizens of'Monkey "Island.'" ..And. they-,will.' comedo watch 'the-expressions ofdelight.. and .amazement on the faces, of .happy youngsters. ' ..'.. ;.."But the visitors will also loam spttietMng.. of value..:.. about the animals from the interesting legends on the cage signs. Nowhere in. the Garden are "the sighs so ..attractive"'"" iii..tile'" Reptile.House,' "where.Da Pont.. "Adlux" is still another feature of this modem zoo. When workmen'. began-to...drive .-a-,single-track-tunnel for'.the Norfolk and.. Western Railway, near .Coaldale,. West; Virginia, hr18|2,The. sontrictor...got:. aipleftaanl. ani profitable surprise. IBs crew drilled and blasted their way right into a 12-foot seam of bituminous coal. Following the principle of "waste not, want not," the builder mined tile coal and sold it, thus malting a nice additional profit for the job. Contractors now working on the new $6,000,000 ElMioni Tunnel, between Coopers and Maybeury, don't expect to strike-much coal, but 'is apart of their pay-off they will have the satisfaction of completing one of the largest double-track railroad tunnels in the world......................................; '................................ . . Why was this record-breaking project undertaken?'Because "a"new.and.larger.tunnel.will..speed.up" the transportation system' In The Pocahontas field with.." its-" ,000,000,000-ton.reserve..of..high=carbon,..slow-" burning ..semibituminouS'-fuel.......................................... .....:.Dver..a..broad,..straightened...right...of..way,'.of..which'. the new Elkhom Tunnel will form a vital link, the Norfolk and We,stem tracks will follow a route through the ?,000-foot passageway at an easy grade. Long trains of heavily-loaded cars will roll behind a kind of motive power that many-people think is old fashioned --the coal-burning locomotive. But the powerful new units which,will be operated over the line and through the new gateway will doubtless prove'to be economical.: ...;...^yP. Du Pont neoprene................. ""hat""tMrBty""lawja'"or"gardoii"of""yoais'pro'baMf"]liei8"" -frequent .watering-these-hot summer days, Have-yob Jeuough..go6d..hose..'to.. reach..tlfar .comers? -If-you .need-' more or want to replace some, you'll be glad to know that dealers now have garden hose that carries a state ment from the manufacturer on the length of service It will give you. The life expectancy will depend, of course, on the grade you select. For all hose is not alike, and, like everything else, its life will depend on the workmanship and materials that go into it, ' ; Garden hose is more.than just a rubber tube. So, ""lira"s""liowfl.ii'TnfcToiitfief7'SfippDii'''pl'' "took"a. "knife,"cut"length in"two, then examined" the"'end of . one-of-the -sections. you- have "Just.end -On.the.Inside. you'll seen hollow rubber-.tube or carrier. Its.only pur pose . is to. carry., the.water ..from.. thdiaucet. eoiuieeiioii..: at one end to the nozzle at the other. Over the tube you'll notice one, two or possibly three layers of fibers or cords. These are called braids. The strength of the fibers making up the braid, the manner in which they are laid and the number of layers used determine how much pressure the hose will stand. The braid also reinforces the hose if it is crushed and 'keeps it from Mmking, : '. Finally, you'll nee an outer layer of rubber over the braid. This is called' the cover. It's -the first line- "C'dafeiiieto^^ .of'"the" abuse. If it fails; at "any point,' the hose will"'.even-, 'fcttally deveLopu-leaki-espedally-if'the braid is-esposetfc- One of the principal reasons you can now buy longer-lasting garden hose is that manufacturers have found in neoprene, the chemical rubber made by Du Font, a material for hose covers that resists sun light, heat, weathering, oil, grease and rough wear. You can leave a neoprene-covered garden hose out in the sun day. after clay.,,fear, after .seat, .and it won't become brittle and-crack. Drag it-through oil on your garage iloor and t& hose'-won't"soften. 'You already may.'have; found 'by experience: that you can'tTreat " or(linarr'hose""thls""way..................................................... Another reason for today's- Improved garden- hose ...lBlbetter7.braid.....DMTont..<*Coriura""rayoii'"faiai,""and'" nylon, too, have proved far stronger than the natural fibers. In fact, these synthetic fibers are so much stronger that fewer layers of braid are needed to give the hose adequate bursting strength. Yes, yotiT find that this better garden hose is not only stronger but also lighter in weight, easier to han dle, requires less care -and is really fit for a long, hard.life..'". ' ...................................... fag* Sixteen ------"" PORTLAND EVENING EXPRESS iTwmraamnou/va, ma r c h u..,.i.m : Guy Gannett 'Publishing Ce. . .......: ..................................................... :......... " *-- *"w-TM -- - Capitalism And All Of Us reelings, .fellow capitalists! ed of estates and trusts; banks, bank apitalists? .' nominees, and brokers; charitable, toy, sure, la this Country, even educational and fraternal organiza nose who yell loudest about their tions, insurance companies, and other, .companies: and-organtaation*.' itf.act. of capitalism are pretty apt (Could be that ttoe;mwany....inirini.. be capitalists themselves,................ ..your We "Is'one of-those co-owners, Lmt almost every Ameri- stockholders, of this '"ebfpofatibh; *11 owns a piece, however'small, of ..and that;...opuld'..'.make.yon-something i'ttUs Counters... vast, ....eapltallsilci'-eco-.. of a capitalist, couldn't it?} .............. homie .stricture. Do you have. .life ' The du Pint statement, presents a insurance" policy'? Greetings, brother .IbWsMowa.of -these..groups-holding'... 'capitalist!.. Or..is-your..labor..union. 69 per cent of its outstanding shares. dickering to win group Insurance for It shows that the group, stockholders you and your fellow dues-payers? of record include 14,000 estates and Then you'll be, when you get it, cap trusts; 1,100 banka, bank nominees italists like almost everyone else. and brokers; 1,300 charitable, educa How do we figure that? tional and fraternal organisations; Well, here's the annual report of 400 insurance companies, and IJtt# 1 I. dii Pont de Nemours and Com other companies and organisations, pany, ,,a huge, capitalistic (natural-, .. The in Pont 'corporation finds that lyi) corporation. The "report .eanies more ..persons.have..a.. .a.', tabulation-fMnf 1b terestlBf"lnff . ..beneficial interest in dividends paid mation on theowhef3Mp.ot.the.com--' by.. the corporation to the 16,000 party as of the end of WAS. ' '... ...stockholder* In..the..estates,..BISS. ...... And.who.owar"dtt"Peifc?"" Why, it and "other;. companies"., classifica seems, ..you.'-do -- or a great many tions listed above.... ; ' '.. '....:..I ... thousands of poplfjiit. lik..you,.Bhr.. .......It.points ""Sit""tSat.the number of .. mctunple:' persons benefiting from du Pont Common stock in this company was Company dividends received by the owned, at the end of last year, by 1,300 stockholders in the charitable, If,347 persons. A total of 83,608 In educational and fraternal organisa vestors held preferred stock In the tion classification, while very large company. Call these investors "Wall Indeed, cannot readily be determined, Street," if you lit. But there were (But perhaps your lodge, or the col an awful lot of them-of such capi lege which is your alma .mater*" or talists. ........ : ..."..acme:'charitable organization which. Thaw owners of tun.. ... joBrionstJoarhilpfesupport is one .. paly..i tSf*i throughout the . of. those 1,306 stockholders. 'Could m States,"th9 District of'Columbia, bet) ....... :.:...:....... ' ..... '.............. -passessions-a&d 40. .. Finally* there are the 400 Insurance foreign countries, the. .statement., companies; 'Will soma of. their funds shafts.' (So thty do not all go to ma,-.. ..'..Invested..la..the..stock..of..this..limit"' ...hogany-paneled.... oflcii.. in Wall corporation, Undoubtedly the com- : Street, there to clip coupons the live pany which Issued your policy is one long day and to "grind down rise of these 400. In that cuts*, you aro faces of the poor," after rill) one of millions of "little people," as Let's continue this story: the Russia-flrsters designate us--one Of the total number of du Pont of the millions of persons all over stockholders, individuals comprised this Country (and all over tie worldl 81 per cent, and held 31 per cent of with a beneficial.. .'Interest. in...the the shares outstanding at the end : earnings, made possible 'byeound 111.1 .of - Orotips,. comprising'......1ft..per.... ....profit*Mi"pr'iiiI,"if"ihli one great .cent..of "the "'total.number of owners, ...corporation*. .................""....'"'.''.' : .hii per '-standing, cent ' of "the' shares"out- ..... ... '................... - As we WitiJiiyltti--6fsttl*i,''M*"" ............ eaplteitow What mrilltiae*,.#! . thwe-Mctv......... ..... ; -.....Th'""sticIIoWi| groups ;censlst m mow miicn no you Know aoout arming on wens: rum you bore a hole, you might say, but as you probably know, that is only part of the operation. More often than not, roads first must be "bullcioeed," or cleared, from highways to the well site. Slush pits are dug to hold the mud and water used to "lubricate" the drill ing. Sometimes land must be leveled for the drilling platform'and derrick, or ditched for drainage, ft 'ft .......Equipment""!or" such' construction work" is" hauled.... from one oil well site to another on -massive- truck- trailers. ..In. this ..way...America's oil..resources .have, .been.. developed .quickly and economically.. .......... ... ;... Oil well construction work has been going on In tihe Cajun country of Louisiana since 1901 when the first producing well was brought in. Brown & Root Inc., with local headquarters in Morgan City, has been making oil field roads and doing other construc tion work in this region--the rice-growing center of America--for more than 15 years. Each year Its trucks haul heavy rigs -thousands of miles. Most of this Is tough-work. In 1948, forinstance, 'they hauled-a 19-ton dragline 'from-Growley-to-Graiiil-lBle-to-biaili-a-ievee.. around an oil field campsite. .The.trip .was about 170 .miles, part..of the way oyer.the roughest.of.sheRroads... What's so noteworthy about this -incident? Con struction outfits make -such hauls every day-and they go""mn0ticea"The' remarkable' "tlilng""5'"that"'the "'tires.. used for the Crowley-to-Grand Me haul about a year - ago are still rolling right along. They are taking the gouging, bruising impact oftons ofdead weight at every bump and jolt. Here's a closeup of this case history. Goodyear first manufactured commercial track tires with, nylon cords about two years ago, and a set for Brown & Root Inc. was put on its "lowboy,"-a type.of trailer..'used. to.carry.. nrtreiiieIyriieavy.Jo.ads,.. such as construction equipment. The' company's fore- mn. in.;Lquisiana.figures the four rear tires of the... lowboy have run 76,000 miles in lie last 18 months or so. The trailer's front end,: when unloaded, is usu- . "ally' hoisted'" up.'on' "the '"bed"' of' the'' 'truck..pilling' 'the' rig. That puts the mileage on the front xw* lG& Ui. W lv4-1-ia lowboy at about 45,000 or 50,000 miles. . ""Mere's me joo nyion tires nave none ror us," the foreman said: "In piling up those 75,000 miles, we've made trips in the roughest spots within a couple hundred miles. Sometimes we had private roads to go on; sometimes not even a trial. We always haul big. heavy `cat' tractors, draglines, `dozers' and the like on the lowboy. Tliere're no springs on it to take some of'the shock of bumps off' the tires. Several tons rest GireaeJrand- every-tire... "Why, the Goodyear people tellm: e the tampera-tare -of-the-tires -may- -build.up- -to-as -high--aa--20G9-F* after traveling less than.50 miles," he said, "and, boy,. that's., .almost as hotits boiling.;water!.;.......................... "Before we got nylon tires we had blowouts from bruises, cuts, and especially from heat built up by loads ranging up to almost 40,000 pounds. The weight of the lowboy pushed that total up to 70,000 pounds. Furthermore, tires lasted only about aycar. Lou feiana's gumbo mud stays mighty wet much of the time, and a cut in a tire lets water get to the fabric carcass. Nylon tires are "the only ones we've found that don't weaken. "incli""wlteii "this "happens," the 'foremaii'emplwsizea;'" . . "Another'.advantage," he.added,'"Is that nylon "tires""are" w'trouble"for "our truck'"drivera:"Whyp we haven't -had-even a blowout."........................................ ........Other- outfits -report- sitnilar experiences. A-Wince*- ski, Vermont, trucker used to average 15,090 miles on his tires before -they blew out from bruises and im pact. Now he has tires with nylon carcasses; has used them for 24,000 trouble-free miles, and they are only a third worn. Sis nylon tires used in Alma, Michigan, by a . company transporting heavy .refinery by-products have .Mil... 35,000..Biles. with...no..trouble,.and. have..worn off;., only half of the tread. .... . ... .. . . ... .... ; - In cheeking over these reports, we found no record of a nylon tire carcass faIre"caaied''byJieatroi!'firttise,' One'Fresno, Cahfo.mia.man trucking general freight. ' Ills"' already' "put "his' fourth""recap on lilg""nyltins~-and"" they're still running O.K. After all, what more can you expect of a tire? The "nylon" tires you see ou the back of this Bailer have run nil of -) Loading dragline on the trailer, Nylon truck 75,000 mile without a Mowout. Loads range np to 40,000 ponmls. tires easily takes punishing loads like tills. -- OPEN 1 N O PI CK IN 6 ... ii modern shortcut for producing spun rayon yarn. If is relatively new, ..................and If has many advantages........... Given the due that it has to do with textile processing, . ..we. .might '.say...that, .iiiir. .auhject-=airect:..spl]miiig=-.is..a.. pretty fair description in itself. Yoia can catch the.drift without too much preliminary scene-setting onpurpart..;.. .........Direct'spSuamg, as the name inipifis, is a process that gets etraight to the point, short cutting several other processes. To be specific, it makes spun rayon yarn of an unusual type in a single operation, and on a single machine. It replaces entirely the opening, picking, carding, drawing, roving and conventional Let*a"draw a homely analogy, if the principle" of direct, spinning.. ..could, be.applied. to-laundering.your shirt,.it would.m..ane move put a shirt from.the..soiled. dothes pile.............................. drawir.ready.for...:.wear=. Ing again. This without benefit of ai the interim steps of'preparation, inch as washing, 'rinsing*-drying, iron""mg .In ""its ""way," 'airect""spIinlog is jit as unconventional. In terms of the history of the textile industry, direct spinning is an upstart. A mere 10 years of re search and development Me behind it, but its future, seems interesting enough to talk about now in terms of what it may mean to the test! industry, the cus tomer and Du Pont. '................................... ....:.... Conventionally,...'...rayon.fibers..are ...'..converted..toyam In much the same..fashion as.cotton..and..other fibers, Dii ; Pont.produces...rayon...staple; in conflnuoiis;.. lengths and then chops it up into the short ones de sired by the customer. "Fibers arrive at themill in bales, ""and, as yoiI'ean'WelHmagliae, t!imate]rM"is"a"jiiiSblea'" mass. The libers have to ba carded to line them up parallel again and to fashion them into a continuous strand, ready for drawing, roving and spinning. Mill men had good reason to ask themselves why rayon, which had so many natural advantages to start with, should have to run the same gauntlet as other .fibers. To. male .spun .rayon yarn,, rayon, must be cut ...tefi: ahprtl lengths..But...;..w]hyJumble..it,..then.;.go... to...'. great pains to unscramble it again? Another tiling; rayon, unlike natural fibers, starts out', clean and does '""not.lave.to.p""tfifcmgE""tI.e..proceismg""stips""n.eidea. to remove.impurities and foreign, matter. 'Originally,'. .rayon-staple-was.working-mniera.handicap.becauseIt was going through traditional processes not de signed for it. like driving a spanking new car over a rough, road, it makes headway, but the road may not bring out the best in the car. DO POST SEES POSSIBILITIES . In the niM-SGs, a machine wasinvented that eaught the. eye' of'DuPont technicai'.'.'mi.i|.,..'..'l.t:was based" on. .the idea'"of"Convertmg''ContlnuDUB,;filaruent"rayon"tow"" info hroken-fibera, at the .same time....keeping., "them' ....parallel.....TMs.....wa.s'..a.reaLstap.inltbelright... direction...; . ;. Then in 1940,. a.representative ..of. the Rayon De partment was shownm .Shops.in.Biddeford, Maine. This was being used ex perimentally to process glass fibers, from a state roughly resembling tow, to spun glass in one operation. He took a look at it, then hotfooted back for some samples of rayon tow. By August of that year, he had run several trial batches through it. Results were encouraging, and the Rayon Department set up an appropriation'for'further "research.; ' ......... ...... US I ' During the war period the project lay dormant, but at this writing things are rolling again. The Corn ' pany has invested many thousands of man hours and large amounts of money, although DuPont lias no financial stake in this Saco Lowell machinery. Interest among customers of the Rayon Depart ment kindled early because of the extreme simplicity of the process, and because of advantages already inherent and others that looked interesting. The direct spinner's compactness makes it a natural for a mill owner. The machine is actually a complete spinning mill in itself. Using Du Pont "Gordina" rayon, it pro duces strong yarns with average staple lengths ranging from four to seven inches. The extra length of staple In itself contributes to good yarn strength. Among other characteristics, this improved property of the yam may he of great importance in washable fabrics and garments. FUTURE FOR NEW.PROCESS Since direct spinning seems to be well suited for synthetics, Du Pont is, to say the least, more than Xilillilfy A11l.i?ici?Lv-w, A. IIP CIVyiO|JIUcIli- JJcoOUL lldlSll |* DfJfcSJEI ... a protracted' Honeymoon by" any means, and there" are still "tragi" in the process. But the process seems to make sense and may open-new vistas and new mar kets, In addition to Du Font's deep-rooted belief in the future of rayon and -other synthetics, it sees in . direct spinning a flue research tool. Laboratory records show, in some instances, that a trial run on a new yarn, ordinarily a matter ofweeks, can be telescoped into days. Referring to the comparative youth of direct spin ning, Rayon Department technicians like to point out that the basic cotton process, now more than two cen turies old, is still being improved. Direct spinning, in the commercial sense, is just reaching the ripe old age - of two. At that rata, they say, it is barely out of the incubator. Its future, like the weather, is hard to ................pin-dowm-But it-sur' -is-interesting"to-"contemplate. - We-were-sitting on-the-porch" of'-Pop-''Hiidiey's 'store He stuck a volume of the famous Five-Poof, Shelf,. ...the "Harvard "'Classics, in'my liaiid and said, "Fin lari Dallas, a representative of P. F. Collier and Son ______ j :_______________________________ j -i. _ j-*t .1. lisMiig Company, You know them, They publish Cottier*s. The American Magazine and Woman's Home --the kind that educate the whole family and keep.it up to date" ............................... ... ......... '.He. paused.a minute, while a-coupls-of-us -leaned...... bach more comfortably. We hadn't anything better.. - to do than listen,, anyway.,... since... the ...Saturday....after-... '.. noon ball game had been rained out and it wasn't time . for the Braves broadcast. ' ............... - ............. "til8t''yeaf,Mrthe'''lc}ol''maii'coiitinieS>''"iSy'eoSi...... pany printed and delivered to American homes thou sands of sets of the Harvard Classics, They went everywhere from the lonely cabins of Alaska trappers to fruit growers' homes in Florida, Now look at what's hi them .. He kept talking, and I idly ran my finger over the cover of the hook, .thinking, about our rained-out ball game. The boys had stood to wm today, too, since' Steve was going to pitch. Ani a win would put us hack -* w * ,I y y ym *a- m( 2fe>,SrHOr\'JtI'liQrf, n|Jilfoct,TML*l5 HI fWhiat? \V/c j|dliialc`i^r JILAitJgielmgiJiIoC!. "Like the feel of that cover, huh?" The salesman's voice cut-through my reverie. "It's a Du Pont product. They call it `Fabrikoid' pyroxylin coated fabric. Looks like leather and stays fresh looking for years. In fact, we used It on mom than 3,600,000 books last- year." .........That yoirng fellow surellei'td give you impireisivi ' figures, I .'thought;'and'that set.me"to wondering if the. team manager -could evei persuad the Deacon to let his boy', play.. We. needed a husky .boy dike'that who .. .cQuM...raIie.ihe..Man,iJ8..batttag..ayirafe.;aM hit..the ball all the way to the creek. Then I heard the salesman saying; "The men who bind our books ike the uniformity of `Fabrikoid.'; colors and quality don't change from lot to lot. Yes, sir, it's a good cover for a good book." He stopped, and seemed to expect a reply. "Well," I answered, not exactly meeting Ms eye, "``the last time one' of you Collier men was tteoughflils. .way"the'"wife "and.I "'bo'ii'ght'"tlils""Set.;""B'ut' my "brother. --across the-street wants a set-of your-Junior Glassies for .liiskids....Guessmy.w.if.'was.too..lusy..balmg.io..tell..you..,.!.l. s Tills Is a corner of tin; Col Hot rp, library. Most . bpokg hvre iirtt bemud -willi Bulbul bookbind i ag 1...1.S i ;A lot ofyoung blades 'these days think'ofthe razor strop -as-something-out of -the.primitive-past.--It.may--haveseen its heyday--but that was before it took a society. io.. prieerietharbiMiop ..'.ciiiai*.tot. ...singing..in... America, ; The past 40 years have indeed-seen the rise of -new shaving methods,-safer ones that-save time and "energy! For manjmeiiliving at today's fast clip; "these' are important advantages. An a result, safety raters --and more recently the electric shavers--have fill but relegated the straight razor to the barber shop, where professionals still think It does the best job. But there are many home shavers, even today, who have become attached to the idea of stropping LIIGII TUia-iji]trfa/yItyJi IrtllUfti* wWotJqcvti* rxPtrJt "LHlltiSpOigficaf HiiiIaHnIls ?d5iInliLnViInIJ|a . seta... such.'. as...Gillette^.:.Yalat. Autostmp.offer....'the., .ad,. vantages of the long-lasting, stropped .Made, together ; with the safety; features; of the modem raaor.;......... ;.; Of course, the quality of the strop is important. .It.should:be tough and flexible, and. must stand con-. " atant""abrasion;"'That "bill la ""filled" by.irnew.strop,"" made of Du Pont "Fairprene" synthetic rubber coated fabric, recently incorporated in the Autostrop set. It requires no dressing and resists deterioration from soap, moisture, oils and heat. The man who likes to use a freshly-sharpened Made each time, with economy, will find, this "Fairprene" strop .11. dependable accessory. ................. . (.J Improved Du Pont explosives, blasting supplies and accessories have been developed during the past IS months new ones. This Company was first to do that when a group of chemists began work at the Eastern Labo ratory in 1002, '- % e . i,. rfliAiiit :....... :. . :Since, then, many improvements' have been'--made ..through" weIl-air#et'''teiffiM. Mineral, deposits in-.the. earth don't .change much either. -of field "technicians, and"cooperating explosives' ;eus- .. in., form.orsmbstince.through. .thelages-LBut.mining it ..tomei!B,--Diiiiag..aai....sin.c0...tlie"-war-years!""these""gromps"" toot and techniques do; they mast be improved to have ..been busy,..as you..wil gather, from -a- brief sum- keep pace with production-demands.' Otherwise, many - ..mary..;.tf..difilopmiit8...tMt.:hflii...come...to:i.ightiwithiii.... 'IhiiistneiwomH'iooii'ioidowiiforlaeiofrawnMteriali,... the past 1.8 months. Among industry's primary tools are commercial explosives, Du Pont has been making them for almost 150 years--Mack powder since 1804, dynamite since the 1880s, Early, they were adapted for mining; con struction and quarry uses, but not'until this century Consider coal, for instance. Nearly 800 million tons are produced annually for home and industrial needs. Most of it is mined with permissible explosives --special dynamite approved by the 0, S, Bureau of Mines for use under prescribed conditions. There are did any American powder maker start organized re- . . several types, most of them for use in coal. But miners search work, to-improve ;h products or to "develop" ."often have to work lirharci rock;"tool Another, type' was needed, and the research team produced "(Mabel" AA permissible explosive. This stronger, water-resis tant gelatin dynamite works well In its special field. . Quarryinen and strip miners for years have used "Nitramon" Hasting agent wherever possible because of its safety characteristics. But a stronger companion product"was needed to '"break the bottom"' lit some- -fuawies.-Thatproblem was-solvedwith Du-Bont,s..new...... 1`Nitramex" .blasting .agent.. Both are. now. .used. .to-. ..gethervfth ^ many a...hard-rock ; quarry and open-pit ore iiiliie. -- - ": The .search for oil deposits' never'ends.' Blasting . ' to" cause" miliitaro" earfcKqhiiIes""is""i>firf' of tie 'routine.. practice in geophysical prospecting. The object is to record on delicate instruments information about un derground strata as shock waves traveling through the earth are intercepted and reflected back to the surface. For years land crews have used "Nitramon" S to produce the "quakes." Now they're also Masting .Nliterally,for.safety..ttaflons, ..taswinsii didn't. like..;. living with high explosives as boat companions for a week or more at-a time.- They much preferred "Nitra- mon"'" "S, "-"and "KopeMIy:"askei:"' "CoiH'""il""Ii""aa'.Iplea. 'far water'work?" The"answer to'that. la "'Nitramon";' "WW;.It*B'-as" 'effective.as.the.older-type,.and-is-just. as safe to use. In the many types of Hasting, such as linking shafts, driving drifts and tunnels, the several holes that make up each shot must explode in proper se quence. To accomplish this, use Is made of small but indispensable tools called delay electric blasting caps. .Usually. these function .perfectly, and the. individual holes.fire ;;in the desired order, but on rare occasions one or more may fail -to function. fMg"cauBii''a'"lan-""" gerous interruption of. the work.; The reasons for these "aauiuarfifti"ptti'rilng"'inisfires"'liave'long"'beeBi';t!ie"sub-"" jectuf study'by explosives research-workers................ ........ Recentlyy.4hty..developd... "Series. B,'...delays...tliat... definitely eliminate some of the causes of failure. These caps, because of their greater dependability and safety, have come into widespread use. But that isn't the whole story. More recently, in mine and tunnel work, it has been found helpful to reduce the time intervals of delays from one second to fractions of a second So Du Pont has developed t> Hu Pont Blasting Timer reduce vibration, improves > mines. '.another new" series called "MS'* (milliseeonil)' Delay." "'.'Electric.Blasting "Gaps...Their"" 'lie..results'" is..bettor" 'breakage, dess damage-to mine timbers, "reduced" vi* ""bration during-a.blast,, and-a- preatlyireduoed'-bazardof finding unexploded dynamite cartridges afterward in the broken rock. There are nine delay intervals, rang ing from 25 to 300 thousandths of a second. Vibration from quarry blasts can now be greatly reduced by the use of the Du Pont Blasting Miner, a new accessory that functions much like the timer in your automobile engine. But Instead of regulating the -flow of current to six or eight cylinders, this one act ivates "as" many"ailS 'separate" Hasiln'f'SrouIisat spit-" .second, intervals.; It floes 'the.'work with''far .greater " precision.tliaii"'lias"ever""beeii"attaliiici""bsfore,............... Accurately-controlled timing .with this .machine ..'results..'.in..'incneased.. efficiency...and. safety. ...ItLpays. ..off., in reduced vibration, improved rock breakage, and fewerdamage complaints from nearby property owners. All of which Illustrates the point first made. Tools and techniques must be adapted-to ever-changing work conditions, Du Pont explosives, Halting supplies and accessories have been improved, and that work Is eontinuing both at the Eastern Laboratory and in the field. 21. Portrait of. n hurtl-rouk quarry foee before. shooting 1....I..,.... ' i? .t. After.the. blast. .Note lielow.llie.'lingt: file ufbroken rock i 'i; 1......... 1" !h| o ' .' 1 IP Wheh'it comes to amdoor motion picture work, 'Ruisffl'"'Harlan,.!.and 'Mu 'Hint.motion' ' '.picturefilm make an unbeatable team- ...by, Russell Harlan?.... If you didn't think of "Red River," released through United Artists, which won Harlan the 1948 Look Magazine award for superlative photography, you may have remembered the Hopalong Cassidy movies. Many of them are now being televised. Harlan was responsible for photographing about. 60 of them and some 20 other feature pictures as well. .- ; " . Born', in 1903. and reared in- Hollywood, Enas' 'HirEn toniSd Into'motion'''piethres'more'orIhisaecidentaliy. He"was schooled'in Manual Arts Ifigli School: and..in his 'teens became a vacation-time cowboy on " 'Arizona"' ranches!..ft.job" in..1921..wiffiTtls..Famous.. Players-Iiasky Laboratory gave him a start aa'no'as- sistont-cameraman-Thirteenyears-later-he-acquiredthe. coveted first cameraman status, and soon afterward ....started ...hia.long.career ,with,Harry. ..Sherman, produc-. train, where he "shot" the Hopalong Cassidy features. Today Harlan Is noted in the motion picture in dustry for Ms magnificent outdoor photography. He, had already acMeved this reputation when Howard Hawks sent for him to film the epic, "Red River." In a,sense this picture is a culmination of Ms years of hard work -and perseverance. If lie had not been in 'Germany working with Hawks on "I Was A Male ''War''''Bride"''and''''thus.ttiaM'''to'''.iIimIf:Hi'''movB'''ti. the judges,;it is likely"that'"Red River"" would have' - been.in.the - -final..balloting -for.the..Academy.award;. .. . Next to.. ."Red .River," ..Harlan's work...was out...ltan|i|ig..ls.:"A.Walk....in;..the.. Sun".. and..in ..`Silver. Queen." In shooting all three of these movies, Russ used Du Pont "Superior" 2 motion picture film. He said; "Personally, I prefer Du Pont film particularly for exterior work because of its latitude. And its quality can't be excelled. Du Pont film is certainly the friend of the cameraman," . . o Harlan, long noted.for his outdoor photography,, won -1948 Look Maguxine mward far sliiioitiig "Ifeil Jtlviii-,*.. ............... "Dm "Fort! "seed 'itisinpic fante'"give................. - - bigger yield*--better crops.................. Many of .u b 'take part in annual'campaigns to fight cancer, "Infantile' paralysis/"heart disease,.tuberculosis.. and other diseases of mankind. But we hear little about tl* campaigns against plant diseases. More than 50,000 of these diseases have been classified by plant pathologists. They take an annual toll from farmers estimated at between 114 and 1 billion dollars. If an unexpected loss like that occurred in any., one ..year,, it ..would, be. considered a., national disaster. But because; it...happens year after year, It is accepted as inevitable--which it is not. - * Uoovlavyl*fqili *s*iqer*a*Uir1taw 4v ivHAiIitifootc?i UrHac#Usitftt?ia t^*At/nvnlilflvj dcagtFviOl'ridw-o - '' "Slid '"extension'"dipartmeritsof' "the '"Umted""StateiB'""De-.. partornent-of Agriculture,'"plus; farmers, millers mud ; ..graiii""iiidstrf,diaierB"ergaiiIiei""iiite""Cp""iiiiprove-.. ment associations, . More than 500 plant diseases are carried on the seed itself and In the soil at the same time as the seed germinates. Effective materials to combat these dis eases are seed disinfectants and protectants-- Du Pout's "Ceresan" and "Arasan." Tinn muitmtiiitjr catwre>ansa /uvuF ibMlkit*s* pi^ouiumiiw+rriyr, csHer1 -I-**i-'t-wi- ili*di*>i*?e become a standard practice. For example, it Is esti- " "mated' "that "more" than.90""per.cent "of"hybrid" "com.in.. America is treated' with disinfectant'before planting-- . " "usually" hy the-seed-producers;........................................ For .other crops, many farmers -grow--their own seed. Some taka it to a firm that does custom treating commercially--such as grain elevator or cotton gin operators. Others may treat their seed at home. For farm use, Du Pont seed disinfectants are available in convenient-size packages. Yet with seed treatment so easily available, there are still millions of acres planted each year without benefit of treatment, . As a result, many seeds die "aborning" from seed 'decay.' Many of the plants which do femitnata are .snuffed.. out..by "attacks..of ""seedling..diseases..which"" cause plants' to rot at the-stem-or ia-head-out 'with ..pockets.of.smut-..where..the-phimp,.. golden.kernels- should be. The., results ...are. reduced: yields. .and ..poor .. .iiafity...;irafail..;.|or.' which.fit...grower.is."dockecl" a i, the market, because such grains may not be suitable for food purposes. From data assembled in terminal markets and state colleges, the state pathologist of Kansas ino mated in one year that seed treatment saved lor farmers in Ms state 5 million bushels of wheat, 7 . Tills machine comes to nearby Kansas farm. ...... . ' ers to'clean seed .and 'treat "It for' planUu.u. . .. / .. . .. ...I ISi 'profit liti'Ile 'farmer's*'liwcBiniuiii" iii'llliaf and" seei. "'iiiilion'bushels of oats, "5Jf SilBbn busliels of grain sorgs 1mm and 870,000 bushels of barley. On. his estimates, seed treatment that year repaid formers approxi- mateiy IpHf 5G for every dollar of cost. It takes only half an ounce of "Ceresan" to treat seed for a whole acre of grain. With the benefits of seed treatment so well estab lished, it follows that they can and should be extended . io ...more... farms '..and.more. ..crops................I...........to.......... to... . The. extra, yield, from, treated..seed is indeed "hidden harvest,'* - .fyffb to# """A""story'"atmul.Friedrich WSUmrt MOO-MIIf, who synthesised urea, and unlocked the door to synthetic organic chemistry At the risk of admitting, our age, many of us can re member back to that childhood Fourth-of-July de light, Pharaoh's Snake--that little pyramid of solid itoff wMch,;"toucliM"wIth a flame;'gave rise to. with-. ""ingl""Swelliiif'"serpents,""The"inveiitor"of thatingeiiloua'" .plaything, was a .German.chemist .ofthe last'"century, .Friedrich Mililer, .1 And, we might add,..' he caused ' much consternation to .his landlord, for young. Wohler hit - upon it while acid. in'"Ills'"lodging room at Marburg; 1; At that time WoMerwas a student at the Unlver-; sity of Marburg, preparing to be a doctor of medicine. In his spare time he jxirformed chemical experiments that finally were to lead to many scientific discoveries --one of epoch-making importance. . Today even, most chemists have forgotten that Wohler firstisolated metallic aluminum and beryllium;'; ...that.he-explored.in-tiie-fields-of-urici.cyairfc""aitid.. cyanic acids, .oil..of bitter almonds, the compounds.o ... silicon, ....ind...;.otlier; phases. of cliemiitry,'....But.. .many.a : Ugh school science student has come across a word of . praise for his. syntheses .of urea. .................. ; ....... Ih""that.. eiiiiicairfeat',.Whiter''''touched' a match to the ever-expanding "Pharaoh's Snake" of modem synthetic organic chemistry. Until then, it was as sumed that products of living organisms could not be made from "dead" mineral sources. Inadvertently, Wohler struck this theory its death blow. His dis covery led to the knowledge that "organic" materials '' The year of his great discovery, 1828, found the amiable, soft-spoken young chemist teaching in the technical schools of Berlin. He was experimenting one day in Ms laboratory when the thought occurred to Mm; "Perhaps tMs white crystalline material I've made by combining cyanic acid and ammonia solu tion might he. organic." "The" unexpected result," he ....wrote. later, ."was.ilie. .remarkable, fact-that-it ..seemed to be an example of the synthesis of urea, an animal substance, out of inorganic rawmaterials."...... ......... IK W0111BKS. FOOTSTEPS ' .....'..' .Hie. .gates ..were-now-open..Little, by littlej-ehem- ists not only learned how to reproduce organic mate rials in the laboratory--they even made new ones that outshone those in nature. They went on to synthesize dyes, drugs, aromatics, plastics and other products. The discovery of nylon is a shining example of how far they have come in the century of creative chemistry set rolling by Wohler, .................... Wfihler was bom in 1800 near.Frankfurt-am-Main, ""After''Itariifig school'll'' Frafiifurl,"'he met" a 'Dr," Buell" who interested "Mm in science and let Mm use his .kitchen.as.a.laboratory,.Leaving'" here,..the.homely- youngster went ..first to Marburg, and then in 1821 to .... HitillbirgJ Leopold Gmeliii, ..under Ihe...great...chemist. . It was Gmelin who urged the young man to drop Ms plans to become a doctor and take up chemistry in earnest. He advised Wohler to work in Stockholmunder the famous Swedish chemist Berzelius, Wohler took Gindin's advice on both scores, with happy results for himself and for science. After teacMng in-the technical schools of Berlin and 'Kassel, he .was appointed' to the '"chair''t)'''chemi8tryiiTtlie""medieal" faculty' at'G'oet-. tingen, a-professorship-he held until'his death inT8S2, ..... ' 'Jtlthough Wofiler.showed that.urea-could be-mad synthetically, .It. .remained for the .modem. chemical industry to.produce..it.in..quantity,..The ...first.com-. marcial manufacture of urea in tMs country began in 1935, in the Du Pont Ammonia Department. Today, enormous tonnages are used for the production of fertilizers, plastics and adhesives. In spite of the importance of urea itself, WdMer's greatest contribution lies in the implications of Ms discovery for modern, creative chemistry. It was the key of Ms talent that aiilocical the 'door to. the future. .... ... Did you . , . TO 15 CEMENT INDUSTRY uses an industrial gun shell made by Ruiiiim1mi Arms In break down clinker rings in rof.nrv kilns? C:X ... THOUSANDS Ob U A I,LONS of gasoline are Iu bI annually through evaporation while in storage? This waste can he substanl inlly minced by paint tag t,hc metal spheres and cylinders with Du Pont `"Oulux" 'Tank White, h- relief Is t he run'a boa I waves and helps to keep the tanks cooler, part iculnrly dortag t he summer. . . . DU FONT'S Fine Chemicals Division makes more than <10 chemicals for the textile trade? . . . DU PONT "M YCOR AN" sodium pi'upinnnlc added lo retard s|milage. was used in imikin the world's largest, cake for (lie birthday celobrnlion of a Miami supermarket? The six ton cake 22 feel, long, 10 feel, high and 12 foot wide was served fo an esti mated 175,000 patrons. , , . LAST YEAH our employes established a new C oinpari.v-wjdu safely record la more than 200 plants. Inbornlories, warehouses, stores and oltices? The fre quency rate of disabling injuries par million man-' hours worked was tt.77 as compared with 0.91 "in "1S47,"" tie. previous record low. " .NEARLY 'THREE-QUARTERS; of the carpet ytooiiwiirAmerica' were still 'Operatecl"hy"hancl"iii"1869? Incidentally, one of the .newest ..advances in rug .and .'...carpet ^manufacture ..is...the. ..use....of..Du ..Pont.. .``Cordura'' rayon yarn in the "chain" warp--used to tie the wool tufts to the back of the rug or carpet. .. ,..........EORiTHE..MRST...TIME. D.u..Pont nylondwiatled. Mint brushes are. uyaljable for the hon* painter? formerly, these bristles were used in brushes for master painters only, bat now a complete line in various sizes is being supplied to local paint and hardware stores in certain sections of the country. . . . COAL HAS BEEN known for more Ilian 2,000 years, but only been used as a chemical raw material since William Henry Perkin, an English chemist, made the'first "coal-tar" dye-in 1867?...... ...ON EASTER SUNDAY the Du Pont Exhibit on the boardwalk at Atlantic City was vailed by 40,391 people--the largest single day's The "casuals" and the "flats," the shoes that started their style career as accessories to sport clothes, have become more and more popular and versatile. Now there are some types that can be worn with practically any costume. . Obvious reasons, account for these new fashions. Trim, flattering and "tops" irvcomfort, they are smart in appearance and really practical for the great variety of casual costumes that 'have, 'found' Mgh. fashion ae- . "ceptance..Footwear.of""this.kind.has" become""an'"in-.. trinsic part of "the'American look."............................. .:..'... With....this style... trend.has.come a.wide.variety.. of designs and colors in casual footwear. There are sandals and wedgies, platforms, oxfords, gMJJIes and Tfnitrmcs iTliylh ftr* Inut? curies rvr* nrt Tioala + oil Awrl jpu.lll|4fc}j lligii %ji 1UW IltSttleij 04 I1U il*ci5l,t3 44b 1411* flkUu biMJIf# is a wide range of fabrics, suedes and leathers in many color combinations. Manufacturers have recognized the swing toward these shoes. Predictions in the retail trade indicate flint' casuals "will"replace other' types by as. much'aa "30 -per cent "during.the-cunrent-year..To" 'quote from.. the December 4948-number-of-an'authoritative'busi- ..ness... magazine:'..`.`One...alert....New... Hampahirelproduoer.l whose output was traditionally two-thirds high-heeled dress shoes,' now- makes 65 per -cent flats and casuals. By spring the proportion will be 80 per cent/* Such widespread acceptance signifies that casuals have be come a greater factor in-footwear styles. Neoprene, the rubber made by Du Pont, lias played a significant role in increasing the popularity of one important type of casual footwear--the erepe- solei shoe. Because neoprene crepe can be produced . in 'brilliant or soft colors without any logs-in wearing ...quality,:, many...nw...styles. ..are....possible,...The ..processing....!, operations .necessary, .to add color do not .soften neo- rtvfilio Tir'iT* vjarl-iT'f'ti* l-rviitvl'r'ntag* on- linivniMiH liUl H5UU.C, Ibti WJH|jIlIitS!JiS| 4*S til Will when colors are worked into other erepe soles.- - '............... '..........;Em..AEPEAL'ADDED;............. '..;........I!....! Many alert manufacturers who appreciate the sales and eye appeal of pleasing colors have designed a variety of casuals, with great emphasis on brilliant neoprene crepe soles. In addition, the objections most people have to older style crepe-soled shoes have been eliminated.-The new style casuals are light in weight, ` cool and unusually flexible. The soles are not heavy even though they sometimes appear-thick because of anew ie3gilleatufe3............................................:.............. "; ' One .'recent ;line failures soles in natural, red, . "gray,- green* "tan 'Or-navy-blue,- matched-or-contrastedwith suede uppers. By the use., of these rich colors, . shoes, .were. .ptoiftced....wMch....appealicl....to.. thefasMofa;. conscious woman as much for their beauty as lor their comfort and superior wearing qualities. It Is no longer news that neoprene crepe soles offer superior wear. According to manufacturers, these soles satisfactorily withstand excessive abrasion, snow and ice, mud, water, heat and contact with oil and grease. Unlike crepe soles of other materials, they will not get "gummy" in hot weather nor gradually spread at the sides. They retain clean-cut outlines and pick up less grit to he tracked into the house. With these outstanding advantages, plus ..good looks and..moderate.cost, It..is; no.wonder 'sales of; neoprene crepe-soled shoes have skyrocketed. Many men in. the shoe' industry believe thief .this year will. be marked by the biggest sales of'easiials"hi"the"Mitofy. of-footwear. ........................... ........... ..E..Todaj ciisijal shoe# nmarallaUi!in many *lyles fiir tfviiiy.............. niotilwr of ilie family. They ate light, cool and fiejdbi. You"11 like wearing new casuals with neoprene crepe soles; - they wmt'l gel giiminij' in the hottest-wentlier. .. . [ 27 | \  1*1*111 weed killers tire helping fo keep rull- matl anti pul*Hr utility fines ttpeii Railroad wittering stations, where the iron horses drink, have k u iim? new customers on the Sants he, Chemical weed killers have been tested along hundreds of miles of track. Santa Pe has developed n special railborinj s]>rnyer that tanks up at the .regular watering sta tions. Hitched behind a locomotive, this sprayer will cover a .six-foot swath along each side of a stretch of track quicker than you can say 2,4-D. Furthermore, it can reach. weed::. liiat could not he readied from any point except the trad; Inelf. Clearing brush and weeds from rights of way has always boon laborious. Cut it's necessary work, for no railroad can permit vines, bushes and .scrub plants to foul rails or switches. Tire vegetation must be kept under control. .Public utility companies also face this same prob lem, For example, if there is a break in a power circuit, linemen have no time to cut their way through a jungle like growth to reach the place whore repair's must bo mark*. That's a job for other maintenance men. and now they can do it the easier way--with chemical weed killers. One power company estimates that chemical spraying costs only 60 per cent as much as cutting does--and the job is done better, with fewer accidents resulting from the use of sharp tools, exposures to whipping branches, and contacts with poisonous plants. ...Du Pont now supplies .several materials that .are ...well suited .for...this work, so...that railroads and utility.; companies may select chemical weed killers to cope with particular.raquirernents...For example, .usually, a . "right of"way has'' to be" cleared" without killing all plant growth on it permanently, "Some"cover'of vege tation.. is..generally.. needed.. to.. protect..against.. soil... erosion. Du Pont has three chemicals which meet this problem in different ways; "Animate" weed killer, 2,4-D and the new TCA trichloroacetic acid. "Animate" kills most growing plants, but when used as directed, its effects do not persist long in the soil. Thus seeds of clovers, grasses and the like may germinate in a few weeks after a treatment, or at most in the'season following. .Dm' Pont' 2,4-D"weed V "Jdllirs; "like "those' "used.on.turf "'and' 'some"' crops, "Ml... only broad-leaved plants, leaving most of the-grass "tO" hold-the soil..And where .grasses. themselves, are. a..'. weed problem, the new 60% TCA is giving .excellent ...control. service,.......................... ;......... ; ; ;.......; ........... ;. None of these chemicals, at the proper dilutions for weed control, will corrode metal constructions along a railway or damage power-line equipment. When properly applied they are not toxic to people. Debris from plants killed with these chemicals presents no unusual fire hazard; it usually mats rapidly enough so that working crews can easily maneuver over the dead'brush'the next"season.' ; -.............................. ........In..short, .chemical.weed.killers-give-promise. !... improving thousands of..miles.of railroad .and..power . ..lies,. Thus,...herMcM^^^... ingly important not only to farmers but to business and industry as well. '' " ' - ' ' . ' <\ 5 v. 1 i | .. iI \ . ' . \ . j T. > \ Clearing on I this mass ofgrowth with brush-hookti, sows. (iraisiss wonlil lMaliilMrl(MtHinnl|ieriianlin*nrtliMs A fitter view of this IilIMclo after vegetation was sprayed will* nliai'tirv nf unAfrlitnislt, With its conjugated unaaturatiou, fnraii lias react,ion characteristic* somewhat sim ilar to divinyl other and butadiene, but modifietd by its cyclic structure. Subatitationii, additions, and fission of tha ring can IMi effected iopendinii on conditions otn ployed. The following nuelions serve to illustrate the versatility of furan: ItaM.tton -- Reduction -- Chlorination - Nitration - Mfonatim------------------- 5~sf ilf;I~ * ------- > Maleic Mil Totrahydnfuran ---^..CkUmfunm Hitrofuran 2-Furair Sulfonic Mi'" Acylation --------> Alkyl and Aryl 2-Puryl Ketones Itoslali/atton --P. 5 DIaItttwty-2,S Ijliydrifur*n "Sw&mhT----------Hpe'' 6*lydroirit#eiitliar]ilin'' 2-Fury! Sodium PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Appenranco........Colorless liquid Odor............................ .Mid, plaasani Molaeulcw Weighl..61.9F iolliofl Point.... 91.,i6C..at.760.mm.. Specific Srovity, 20/40,937 ;iqdiixof Wroetton,"N/P, .1,4114" Flash Point. I,faw.4if. ,... taifliM*.Jn.. Wctfaty. Murihlr. wufh met! esmmM w. .skintight, .holding the caps in...place., lor example, that's a good, way .to protect bottles.. of pllm oil..and maypnnais,. Band ..sealing is.: espe-... dally helpful in the case of volatile products where evaporation losses may occur if there is any failure of the primary closure. The use of "Cel-O-Seal" bands extends the shelf life of certain drug and beverage products considerably. The bands come in a wide variety of sizes, colors anti color com binations, transparent or opaque. They can be indelibly imprinted with a firm name or sales message. If you have a closure problem, we suggest you write -to - the Du Pont Company, "Gel-O-Seal" .Section,' Wilmington,' Delaware. -............ .................................................. ill iyw,ilrM,.n ffq-nivl* prwunwl fr'rrntthirv t ip 't'b'-n Irrnrl-nrr np.ffl. U V i> l i 4 H i f. i I T WfPONT hKTIKKHEIKiCAlS to add horsepower* to jjour sales -this tjear TODAY'S tough competition and high costs call for signs that hit hard and save money. Socony-Vacuum's new flying red horse is an exam ple. Made of "Lucite" acrylic resin, it's striking to look at, yet costs almost nothing to maintain. "Lucite" weathers well, retaining its beauty and color values for years. High shatter-resistance repels attacks by vandals. From the manufacturer's viewpoint, "Lucite" is easy to fabricate--economical, too. Use it for build ing signs that will add horsepower to your sales. WRITE FOR DATA on "Lucite" and other Du Pont plastics. Have it handy when you're planning unusual signs that will attract sales and save money. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. (Inc.), Plastics Department, 350 Fifth Avenue, New York 1, N. Y.; 7 S. Dearborn Street, Chicago 3, 111.; 845 East 60th Street, Los Angeles 1, Calif. FACTS ABOUT SOCONY-VACUUM OIL CO.'s NEW FLYING RED HORSE OF "LUCITE" Fabricated by Steiner Plastics Mfg. Co., Long Island City, N. Y., from 3/16" opaque red "Lucite" sheeting. Sign is 4 feet high, 6 feet wide, 4 inches deep at greatest depth. Mounted with bolts through "Lucite" brackets to exterior walls of SoconyVacuum service stations. Sign is single-faced, without backing. No illumination. mum* *tG u s Pa t .Off- -p/astics BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY