Document g23yek1q55GrZnbG55oJqLrnN

ST0073905 THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY 1803 BUILDING April 11,1990 T. E. Burtch, 2020 WHDC C. E. Golden, A-1230, Freeport cc J. A. Gray, Eastern R. L Hagerman, 1803 Building ight, 2030 WHDC ASBESTOSr-THE LONG (LEGAL) FIBERS "While in Washington, I picked up a copy of the asbestos industry brief for appealing the EPA asbestos ban. I am sending Paul Wright the brief so that he can evaluate it. Tim Hardy, a coauthor on this brief and a good friend of Dow on PCB, Dioxins, etc. was very pleased with this brief and thinks they have a fair chance of winning a remand back to EPA. The main argument is procedured, especially the lack of "substantial evidence," but they have covered most of the other points that one would expect. The Dow reason for this note is two-fold: Gaskets may not be banned. We had no basis to fight this in the stuff that we put in the record, but ALA. is going after everything. A remand could put the diaphragm back in the picture. This is doubtful, and Tim said that there was nothing in this 100-page document that would do it but it is important enough to have an infrequent check with Tim Hardy or Ed Warren. Our legal group has good relations with these people and should be able to drop a question now and then. ' Durgess Regulatory Compliance Health and Environmental Sciences hlb P.S. I only scanned the brief, but they sure convinced me that EPA. has made some errors in procedure. RESTRICTED cOR USE WIThin 7*E DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY 84410 ASBESTOS GLOSSARY O o CO o rs3 Abatement Asbestos control beyond a special operations and maintenance program Abatement Supervisor - Person who supervises abatement projects; require ments: four day EPA approved course with hands-on - training and exam, one day annual refresher training. ;__ Abatement Worker v" v i_ Cl - Person who conducts abatement projects; require ments: three day EPA approved course with hands-on training and exam, one day annual refresher training. ABIH CO ACBM ACGIH ACM - American Board of Industrial Hygiene - Asbestos-Containing Building Material; encompasses surfacing ACM, thermal system insulation ACM, and miscellaneous ACM in or on interior parts of a school building (AHERA definition) . ; ^ ' -.3 t 1 - American Conference of Governmental ^Industrial - ^Hygienists: The organization that ^establishes . ;.. j /voluntary guidelines (TLV) for workerj safety. "i-'r.- '"j'%o /"; "."j*'' - Asbestos-Containing Material - Any 'material or product .which contains 1 percent or more of asbestos, j Acoustical Insulation - The general application or use of asbestos for the . control of sound due to its lack, of reverberant surfaces. r > rS&vv . . Acoustical Tile '-vi : ' A finishing material in a building usually found Actinolite in the ceiling or walls for the Control . ,r y'--> v"v' `-t -V/-; r. -! An asbestiform of the amphibole purpose of noise ,.iV f \ .. . variety "which is grayish-green in hue, and occurs in .radiate of columnar . form. ,, -. One^, of six naturally occurring WciOasbestos minerals. ;$%It is not .normally `used .?u^?commercially. .... r-'. . " ST008I 020 Action Level Addenda Aggressive Sampling AHERA AIA AIA AIA AIHA AIHA Accredited Laboratory Air Diffuser Air Lock Air Man - A level of airborne fibers specified by OSHA as a warning or alert level at which what action must be taken? It is 0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter of air, 8-hour time-weighted average, as measured by phase contract microscopy. - Changes made to working drawings and specifications for a building be fore the work is bid. - Air sampling which takes place after final cleaning while the air is being physically agitated to produce a "worst case" situation. - Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act; regula tions on asbestos removal for public and private schools K through 12. - Asbestos Information Association - American Institute of Architects - American Insurance Association - American Industrial Hygiene Association - An analytical laboratory that has been given a certification by the AIHA which states that it has successfully participated in the "Proficiency Analytical Testing" program for quality control as established by the National Institute for Occupa tional Safety and Health. A device designed to disperse an air stream throughout a given area An opening in a polyethylene barrier with one polyethylene flap on each side which restricts air from passing through While allowing passage for people, equipment, etc. Most commonly used to connect the chambers o^ a decontamination enclos ure system. Some agencies define airlock as an area enclosed by two such airlocks as described above which are at least three feet apart. Slang for an industrial hygienist or other qualified individual who collects air samples and monitors the asbestos abatement worksite. 2 384412- r j-.).;- :Jt _ ^ - i- V 1 JV.*. 1 s* \ " v ^c*y '> " 4` Air Monitoring Sampling Airborne Asbestos Analysis t\j Algorvthvm c~ CL' Alveolar Macrophages C" O ^ Alveoli CD Amended Water Ambient Air , Amphibole .. /*... "" '' ' ; ANSI ' 4t.: Anthophvl 1 ite ' Approved Landfill As-built drawings - The process of measuring the airborne fiber concentration of a specific quantity of air over a given amount of time. Sampling is performed by drawing a measured volume of air through a filter which is then analyzed under a microscope to see how many fibers were collected. - Determination of the amount of asbestos fibers suspended in a given amount of air - A formal numerical procedure for assessing suspect material; results are given in numerical score. - Highly specialized mobile cells in the lungs that attempt to engulf and digest such lung hazards as dusts or fibers. ' - Located in clusters around the respiratory bronchioles of the lungs, this is the area in which true respiration takes place. " ; - Water to which a chemical wetting agent (surfac tant) has been added to improve penetration into asbestos-containing materials that are being removed. . - . ' . , - The surrounding air or atmosphere m a given area under normal conditions. ***- - Brown Asbestos ^ an asbestiform mineral^ of J.the amphibole group. It is the secondmost"' commonly . used form of asbestos in the U.S. . . - One of the two major groups of minerals from which the asbestiform minerals are derived -.distinguis hed by their chain-like crystal structure and chemical composition. Amosite andcrocidolite are examples of amphibole minerals. ^ >..' '1. -ic-' - " .c v`*. * *" 'Cl\ '.j - American National Standards Institute "'V* - Ore of six naturally occurring asbestos minerals. It is of limited commercial value. "r" - A site for the disposal of asbestos-containing and other hazardous wastes that has beeh"r*given.'""EPA ^approval. ^ .. .`. ; . - Drawings and specifications which reflect" the way a building was actually constructed. };: "4; '! ' 3 r--jv\^.-. - sSTV*:., -r if: V;` -.. V. ru v .'. . wo ;v> ; /^v ' v" ":/S- '; *$ > Asbestos DebrisH .1 _ 'A '**' - . Pieces of ACBM that* can be identified by color; fe^tekture,, or ."'composition,.. including dust if "the ,f- ^1v- r-,--"'duslT is determined ijy' the " accredited inspector to be asbestos-containing^ ) . ST0081030 Asbestiform * r'.- v .*"sf'rf<.' ' - Asbestos 'r'" m-t;: -7r ; : -"rss ; .. Asbestos Abatement - Fibrous minerals which, due to their structures and chemical composition, classified as' a form of asbestos/''^ V- ' ' crystal can be - A generic name given to a number of naturally* occurring hydrated mineral silicates that possess a unique crystalline structure, are incombustible in air, and are separable into fibers. Asbestos includes the' asbestiform varieties of chrysotile (serpentine) , cr'ocidolite (riebeckite) , amosite (cummingtonite-grunerite), anthophyllite, actinolite, and tremolite. _ - Procedures to control fiber release from asbestoscontaining materials in buildings. Asbestos Abatement Contractor An employer who carries on the business of asbestos abatement on the premises of another individual or employer. Asbestos Abatement Proiect Site The area involved in the demolition, renovation, or encapsulation of friable asbestos materials. Asbestos Bodies Coated asbestos fibers often seen in the lungs of asbestos-exposure victims. Asbestos Control Minimizing the generation of airborne asbestos fibers until a permanent solution is developed. Asbestos Exposure Assessment Svstem - A decision tool which can be used to determine the extent of the asbestos hazard that exists in a building, and which can also be used to develop corrective actions. Asbestos Standard Aspect Ratio Reference to the OSHA requirements in the general industry standards regarding asbestos exposure (29 CFR 1910.1001), and EPA National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP). - The length of a fiber vs. its width. Asbestosis - A scarring of the lungs caused by exposure to asbestos. Continued exposure may lead to degener ation of lung function and death. 4 384414 Atmosphere Supplying Respirators - Respiratory protection devices which exclude work place air altogether and provide clean air from some independent source. ~ Atmospheres Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health A hazardous atmosphere to which exposure will result in serious injury or death in a;: matter of minutes or cause serious delayed effects. Authorized Person 0: Bid - Any person authorized by the employer and required by work duties to be present in regulated areas. :r ' / v I.. .. . . bH. - A statement of the price at which ai contractor will complete a given project. . \' v.". . CD -- "Blue Book1* CD " / CO ___?_iv__; C/1 Breaching ' : -,r - EPA publication of May 1985 titled. Asbestos Waste Management Guidance. ' :' - ...c s^, _.. Jgscm- s .............. .1. : ^ A- duct*, which .transports combustion gases from.a Bridging Encapsulant 'J--,,A-* .type of a sealant coated on the , surface* of , ^4a#^U3?^-?`^-''tvv`asbestos-containing " material Vto -prevent fthe ' release of asbestos fibers/ Bridging ehcapsulants >' Building Inspectors 'rrPersons" who^^rvey^bulidings'"for_ presSic^pf^ACai; f / fa^-ji/>^^^^^f^^r^^requirements':'0tHree"*;'day`'EPA approved^;c^ixse^witli ' Bulk Samples ^ Cancer '. Carbon Monoxide <v Cementitious .cellular. tumor which normally leads tq/premature; litsrhosSSniBsCrpontrolled Highly toxic colorless "arid odorless "gas sbestos-containing^imaterials 1 that Jgaremdensely racked, and non-frxable. vsuch as transitejSrplaster, ........................................................ - ..i.r.-;.?sv ten*. Ceiling__C__o__ncentration /rf* {fl3LSS. periods ST 0 0 8 1032 . rr !:`^. '>' . . S';. CFM :v u -w - Cubic feet' per minute?^ fr^r-i*. :^iS. .?> <'?:?*' ' Chain-of-Custodv: :!>';; !- Formal! procedures. ;, foni " tracking ' - ensuring their integrity. - - samples " and !. "' '' " '.-gates'. Chance Order ' r- > J v ?--.*" " -'"'-V V:--. . --f >v - A" change to' construction ' documents *Tr :.T^ after ~a contract for^construction has been signed. :., ' '?!'i :.?:.'"!' ' ' . - White Asbestos; The only asbestiform mineral of.-, the' serpentine* group.; ''It is the most common form of asbestos used in buildings.. CIH - An industrial hygienist who has been granted certification by the American Board of Industrial Hygiene. ' J' Cilia - Tiny hair-like structures in the windpipe and bronchi of the lung passages that help force undesirable particles and liquids up and out of the lungs. Claims-made Insurance - A form of insurance in which a claim is allowed only if the insurance is in effect when the claim is made, that is, when the injury or effect is observed. .- Claustrophobia - The fear of being in enclosed or narrow spaces. Clean Air - EPA recommended value of 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) of air. ~ Clean Area/Room - The first stage of the decontamination enclosure system in which workers prepare to enter the work area. (It is the room which opens to the outside.) Clerk of the Works - - A person who coordinates and oversees all activit ies on an asbestos abatement job site. Closed Circuit SCBA Columns Competent Person - A self-contained respiratory protection device in which the air is rebreathed after the exhaled carbon dioxide has been removed and the oxygen content restored. - The building components which support the structural beams. - A person capable of identifying asbestos hazards and who has authority to eliminate hazards (OSHA definition). At least one competent person must be on site at all times when as abatement project is running. 6 384416 ST008I033 Compressed Oxygen Cylinder Type Closed Circuit SCBA Concrete-like Asbestos Confined Space Containment Contaminated Items Continuous Flow Airline Device Contract Documents Contract Specifications CPSC Criteria Document Crocidolite Damaged Friable Surfacing fMisc.1 Material - A self-contained respiratory protection device in which air is supplied from a compressed air cylin der. The exhaled air is filtered to remove carbon dioxide, and additional oxygen is provided. - Hard, non-friable asbestos-containing material requires a mechanical force to penetrate its surface (cementitious). - Any enclosure or area that has limited access, such as storage tanks, tank cars, boilers, sewers, etc. - Isolation of the work area from the rest of the building to prevent escape of asbestos fibers. - Any objects that have been exposed to airborne asbestos fibers without being sealed off or isolated. - A respirator that maintains a constant airflow to the wearer. - Legally binding building drawings and specifica tions. Also called construction documents. - A set of guidelines that a contractor must follow when conducting an asbestos abatement job. - Consumer Product Safety Commission - NIOSH publications that address toxic materials analytical methods, personal protective equipment, etc. Criteria documents usually become the basis of future regulation. - Blue Asbestos - strongest of asbestos minerals. An asbestiform mineral of the amphibole group. It is of minor commercial value in the U.S. Friable surfacing ACM which has deteriorated or sustained physical injury such that the internal structure (cohesion) of the material is inadequate or, if applicable, which has delamin ated such that the bond to the substrate (adhe^.sibn) is inadequate or which for any other reason lacks fiber cohesion or adhesion qualities. Such damage or deterioration may be illustrated by the separation of ACM into layers; separation of ACM from the substrate; flaking, blistering, or crumbling of ACM surface; water damage; signific ant or repeated water stains, scrapes, gouges, .V 7 ---------- . -V 384417 CSO! 3G3T.2 A\. r. *Tr`^ ! ST0081034 ?l e~ mars or. other signs of physical injury on the ACM. ^'^^-^^ Asbestoa'' debris;. originating ^ from'; the.1 ACBM in VSK t>.. question may also'indicate damage (AHERA "definiti on) . "... ` , v: . . v.i;'; -j; .v ..y-**' -.'T.i. t-" " Damaged or - Thermal System insulation on pipes, boilers, Significantly Damaged tanks, ducts; and other I thermal system insulation Thermal System equipment where the insiilation has lost its Insulation . structural integrity, or its covering, in whole or in part', is crushed, water-stained, " gouged, punctured, missing, or not intact such that it: is not able to contain fibers. Damage may be further illustrated by occasional punctures, gouges, or other signs of physical injury to ACM? occasional water damage on the protective coverings/jackets; or exposed ACM ends or joints. Asbestos debris, originating from the ACBM in question may also indicate damage (AHERA definition). Decontamination - Cleaning of contaminated areas. Decontamination chambers are used in ACM abatement projects. Decontamination Enclosure System - A series of connected rooms usually with polyethy lene curtained doorways, for the purpose of preventing contamination of areas adjacent to the work area. Deferred Action No initial asbestos abatement action is taken, but the area is periodically inspected for changes until action is necessary. Demand Airline Device - A respirator in which air enters the facepiece only when the wearer br<eathes in. Design Professionals - Persons who design abatement projects and write contract specifications for abatement work; requirements: Three day EPA approved course with field work and exam, or abatement supervisor course, one day annual refresher training. Designated person Direct Costs - A person appointed by a local education agency to be in charge of the asbestos control program (AHERA definition). The costs of an ACM response action reflected by the action itself, temporary relocation of people and equipment, and related needs. Dirty Area Any area within an enclosure in which the concen tration of airborne asbestos fibers exceeds 0.01 f/cc, or where there is visible asbestos residue. 8 384418 Dispersion Staining Dose-Response Effect DOT - Coloration added to asbestos samples for purpose of making the sample more visible easier to identify under the microscope. the and - The relationship between the amount of pollutant a person is exposed to (dose) and the increase risk of disease (effect). Usually the greater the dose, the greater the effect. - Department of Transportation Dust Mask - Single use or disposable dust respirator having very little protective value. Duct Tape - Heavy gauge tape capable of sealing joints or adjacent sheets of polyethylene. Electrical Systems - The system of wires, lights, power generation equipment, and related facilities to produce, convey, and utilize electrical power in a build ing. Electron Microscopy - A method of asbestos sample analysis which utilizes an electron beam to differentiate between fibers. Employee Notification - Informing employees or building occupants if asbestos is present in the building, also inform ing them of the hazards associated with asbestos exposure, what is being done to eliminate the problem, whether they have been overexposed etc. Employer's Liability - Legal responsibility imposed on an employer requiring him/her to pay damages to an injured employee. Encapsulant (sealant1) Encapsulation Encasement - A substance applied to asbestos-containing material which controls the release of airborne asbestos fibers by sealing them together. - The use of an agent to seal the surface (bridging encapsulant) or penetrate and seal the bulk (penetrating encapsulant) of ACM. - The process of affixing a hard shell around ACM in order to reduce the release of fibers in the air. STO081035 9 384419 ST008I 036 Enclosure : - - - EPA EPA Regulations Epidemiology Equipment Room or Dirty Room Errors and Omissions Insurance F/CC Facepiece Fallout FEVi Fiber Fiber Containment - An airtight,, impermeable, permanent barrier constructed around ACM to prevent the release of asbestos fibers into the air. The term should not be confused with a vacuum-sealed area which is impossible to access. - Environmental Protection Agency -A' :r -'-.'ifi - Regulatory standards j^hich cover emissions into the outside environment from a work-place and disposal of hazardous wastes from job sites. - The study of causes, occurrence and distribution of disease throughout a population. - The last stage or room of the worker decontaminaion system before entering the work area. - A type of insurance which protects professionals from mistakes they may make in contracted plans and recommendations. - A component of a full facepiece respirator which is a gas-tight transparent window through which the wearer may see. - Fibers per cubic centimeters of air - The portion of a respirator which covers the wearer's nose, mouth, and eyes in a full facepiece. - The intermittent release of fibers which occurs as a result of weakened bonds in the material, or because of deterioration. - Forced Expiratory Volume - one second. The maximum volume of air that can be forced from an individual's fully inflated lungs in one second. - A particulate form of a sbestos, trimolite, anthophyllite, or actinolite , 5 micrometers or longer, with a length-to-width ratio of at least 3 to 1 (NIOSH definition). - Enclosing or sealing off an area having airborne asbestos fibers present so that the fibers will not migrate resulting in contamination of other areas. 10 384420 Fiber Control Fiber Release Episodes Fiber Releasabilitv Fiber Reynolds Number Fibrosis Fibrous Fibrous Aerosol Fireproofing Friable Friable Asbestos Full Facepiece Respirator Functional Space FVC General Liability Insurance Minimizing the amount of airborne fiber generation through encapsulation or enclosure of the materi al. The uncontrolled or unintentional disturbances of ACM. The potential for generation of airborne fibers from an asbestos-containing source. Refers to the diameter of a fiber. A condition of the lungs caused by the inhalation of excessive amounts of fibrous dust marked by the presence of scar tissue. Composed almost entirely of fibers. A portable survey instrument with the capability of providing instantaneous airborne fiber concen tration readings. Spray-applied or trowel-applied fire resistant materials. Material that can be crumbled or reduced to powder by hand pressure. Any materials that contain more that 1% asbestos by weight and can be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. A respirator which covers the wearer's entire face from the hairline to below the chin. The basic unit (most often an individual room) for collecting data on the physical condition of materials during an asbestos building inspection. Functional spaces are spatially distinct units within a building and contain different popula tions of building occupants. Forced Vital Capacity. The measured quantity of air that can be forcibly exhaled from a person's lungs after full inhalation. A type of insurance which covers the insured for damage to property and person caused by his or her own negligence. ST008I 03 11 384421 ST008 I 038 C-'.-t-' V.;r: -;j' 7 ': ^'-:V >" .j>/. Glovebag///^ ~(,Also-Glbvebox) V" : Grade D Air',; Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter Half MaskHigh Efficiency Hazard Assessment Heat Cramps Heat Exhaustion Heat Stress Heat Stroke IEPA A plastic bag type enclosure with gloves incor porated into it used for asbestos removal on pipes or other small itemsV^:>i "" Y'^r : " Breathingair'* which has between -* 19.5% : - " 2.3% oxygen, no more the 5mg/m-* of condensed hydrocarb ons, no more that 20 ppjm of carbon monoxide, no pronounced odor, and a maximum of 1000 ppm carbon dioxide.'-^ -y k--- - A circuit breaker that is sensitive to very low levels of current leakage from a fault in an electrical system. It protects people by automatically de-energizing any high voltage system component which has developed a fault in the ground line. - A respirator which covers one-half of the wearer's face across the nose and [cheeks and below the chin and is equipped with filters capable of screening out 99.97% of all particles larger than 0.3 microns. - The interpretation and evaluation of physical assessment data in order to set abatement priorit ies and rank areas for response actions. - Painful spasms of heavily used skeletal muscles such as hands, arms, legs, and abdomen which are sometimes accompanied by | dilated pupils and weak pulse resulting from depletion of the salt content of the body. - A condition resulting from dehydration and/or salt depletion, or lack of blood circulation which is usually accompanied by fatigue, nausea, headache, giddiness, clammy skin, and a pale appearance. - A number of bodily disorders associated with exposure to excessive heat. - The most severe of thej heat stress disorders resulting from the loss of the body's ability to sweat which is characterized by hot dry skin, dizziness, nausea, severe headache, confusion, delirium, loss of consciousness, convulsion, and coma. - High Efficiency Particulate Air (Air Filter) 12 384422 HEPA Filter Holdina Area Homoqeneous Homoaeneous Areas Hose Masks HVAC Svstem Impact Indemnify Indirect Costs Industrial Hvaienist Joists Landfill Latency Period LEA - A high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter device capable of trapping and retaining 99.97% of all particles larger than 0.3 microns. - The airlock between the shower room and the clean room in a worker decontamination system. - Evenly mixed and similar in appearance and texture throughout. - An area which appears similar throughout in terms of color, texture, and date of material applicati on. - Respirators that supply air from an uncontaminated source through a strong, large diameter hose to the facepiece which does not use compressed air or have any pressure regulating devices. - Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning - The system of pipes, ducts, and equipment (air and air conditioners, chillers, heaters, boilers, pumps, fans) used to heat, cool, move and filter air in a building. HVAC systems are also known as mechani cal systems. - Direct contact with a material or surface that may cause vibration or movement. - To pay for or pay back. Indemnification clauses in contracts are intended to cover the cost of judgments and/or legal defenses in the event of litigation. - The costs of an ACM response action reflected by productivity losses due to disruption and business interruption. . - A professional qualified by education, training, and experience to recognize, evaluate and develop controls for occupational health hazards. - The structural building component on which the flooring or roof rests. - 'h' Class II landfill is required for asbestos waste. - The time between first exposure to a r diseasecausing agent and the appearance of the disease. - - Local Education Agency 13 '' ' ' " -O 384423 CD ST0081040 Li ab i 1 i ty~- ^Local Exhaust Ventilation, Lockdown Logbook .. Lung Cancer Make-up Air Management Plan Management Planners MCEF Mechanical Filter Respirator Mechanical Systems Medical Examination Medical History Medical Surveillance point of operation. | ;; y.~, ' 'uf" i~V 1 .. l;./:' ' .`T.. v v ] - Immobilization of remaining fibers with encapsul- ant after abatement. ; ,, - An official7; record ^.of all activities which occurred during a removal project. - A malignant growth of tissue in the lungs, speci fically of the bronchi cjovering. - Supplied or recirculated air to offset that which has already been exhausted from an area. - A plan for each LEA to control and manage ACBM (AHERA definition). Persons who conduct hazard assessments and who advise school administrators on management options; requirements; Three-day building inspec tors course plus two additional days and exam, one-day annual refresher training. - Mixed Cellulose Ester Filter which is one of several different types of media used to collect asbestos air samples. - A respiratory protection device which offers protection against airborne particulate including dusts, mists, metal fumes and smokes. - See HVAC systems. An evaluation of a person's health status conduc ted by a medical doctor. A record of a person's past health condition, including all the hazardous materials that they have been exposed to and also any injuries or illnesses which might dictate their future health status. - A periodical examination of all employees exposed to ACM above the OSHA permissible exposure limit, or of those who wear a respirator during work. 14 384424 Mesothelioma - A rare cancer of the lining around the lungs (pleura) or the abdomen (peritoneum). It is almost always caused by exposure to asbestos and has no known cure. Method 7400 - NIOSH sampling and analytical method for fibers using phase-contract microscopy. Replaces method P&CAM 239. Micron - One Millionth of a meter. Miscellaneous ACM - Includes a wide variety of materials in buildings, such as vinyl flooring, fire-resistant gaskets and seals, and asbestos cement. Mil - Prefix meaning one-thousandth Millimeter - One-thousandth of a meter Mineral Wool - A commonly used substitute for asbestos Miscellaneous Material - Interior building material on structural compo nents, structural members or fixtures, such as floor and ceiling tiles. This does not include surfacing material or thermal system insulation (AHERA definition). MSPS , - Material Safety Data Sheet MSHA - Mine Safety and Health Administration Negative Air Machine - Similar to a. large vacuum with a HEPA filter designed to be used in conjunction with containm ent areas. Three main purposes: clean the air inside the enclosure; create negative air pressure in enclosure to contain fibers; bring in fresh cool air. Recommended standards: 0.02" of waterfour room-area air changes per hour. Negative Pressure - An atmosphere created in a work area enclosure such that airborne fibers will tend to be drawn - through the filtration system rather than leak out into the surrounding areas. The air pressure ..- inside the work area is less than that outside the .. work area... ._ Negative Pressure r- A form of qualitative fit testing in which the Respirator Check wearer covers the filters of a negative pressure, air-purifying respirator to check for leaks around - r-face seal. ~ ^ . . ,:***, ' " " 15 ' , yX O o 4 CO l'-` "VV" t- i:#:' z.i'.ii f. < '* f ' , *. 384425 ST0081 042 ' ` V*v." W- .v/^' Negative Pressure - -pi Respirators^? ;;vr.-r mi.-.- - cr-., \*iz NESHAP - - NIOSH ng - National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants -- EPA Regulation 40 CFR, subpart M/ part 61. j . , ' ... ' - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health which was established by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. NIOSH/MSHA - The official approving agencies for respiratory protective equipment who test and certify respirators. Numerical Value Refers to the types and percentages of asbestos present in a given sample. Occurrence Insurance - A form of insurance in which a claim is allowed regardless of when the claim is filed. For asbestos insurance, the "occurrence" could be the time of first exposure. Oilless Compressor - An air compressor that is not oil lubricated, which does not allow carbon monoxide to be formed in the breathing air. Open Circuit SCBA - A type of self-contained breathing unit which exhausts the exhaled air to the atmosphere instead of recirculating it. Operations and Maintenance Plan (OMP) "Orange Booklet" DSHA )xvgen Deficient atmosphere - A plan for an 0& M program, which is designed to clean up asbestos contamination, minimize future fiber release, and maintain ACM in good condition. Referred to as "preventative measures" under AHERA regulations. - EPA publication issued in March 1979 titled: Asbestos-Containing Materials in School Buildings: A Guidance Document, parts I and II. - The Occupational Safety and Health Administration which was created by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970; serves as the enforcement agency for safety and health in the work-place environment. - Any atmosphere containing less that 19.5% oxygen.. 16 384426 P&CAM 239 - A NIOSH sampling and analytical method for measur ing airborne fibers using phase-contrast micros copy. PAPR - Powered Air Purifying Respirator; either a full facepiece, helmet, or hooded respirator that has the air powered to the wearer after it has been purified through a filter. PAT Samples - Proficiency Analytical Testing of asbestos samples conducted through NIOSH for laboratories involved with the analysis of asbestos samples. , Particulate ' Contaminants - Minute airborne particles given off in the form of dusts, smokes, fumes, or mists. - Phase Contrast Microscopy: a microscopic technique used for the counting of fibers in air samples, but which does not distinguish between fiber types. PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit as stated by OSHA. 0.2 Fibers per cubic centimeter TWA. Penetrating Encapsulant v - Liquid material applied to asbestos-containing material to control airborne fiber release by penetrating into the material and binding its components together. Peritoneum - The thin membrane that lines the surface of the abdominal cavity. Permissible Exposure Level (PEL^ > - A level of airborne fiber concentration specified by OHSA as an occupation exposure standard for asbestos. It is 0.2 fibers per cubic centimeter of air, 8-hour time-weighted average, as measured by phase contract microscopy. Personal Protective Equipment fPPE^ - ............... - Any material or device worn to protect a worker from exposure to, or contact with, any harmful material or force. --- Personal Sample - An air sample taken with the sampling pump directly attached to the worker with the collect ing filter placed in the worker's breathing zone. Personnel Protection Notification and instruction of all workers prior to the beginning of a project as to the hazards associated with the job and what they can do to protect themselves 'from these hazards, , (/) ' 17 384427 o o CO CD CO (V : ST008I 044 - .;_*V*-.'. `*{- $ - Phase Contractli Microscopy ;; ;'*^ . Physical Assessment .* V ' - Jr ,f ' ' \ ? ~P Pipe Lagging : Pleura' PLM u. "?; : Plenum. Plumbing System Pneumoconiosis Polarized Light Microscopy fPLM^ Polyethylene Positive Pressure Respirators Positive Pressure Respirator Cheek Posting - Assessing suspect matjerial to determine the . current condition "of the material and the potent ial for future disturbance. - The insulation or~wrapping'around a pipe. r i. :C; ! ~"'r\1 , - :y v'i?iv.A . : . - The thin membrane surrounding the lungs, and which lines the internal surface of the chest cavity. r3. - Polarized Light Microscopy; a microscopic techni que used to distinguish between different types of asbestos fibers by their shape and unique optical properties. - A horizontal space designed to transport air in a building. Plenums are commonly the space between a suspended ceiling and the floor above. - The system of pipes, valves, fittings and related components designed to convey liquid or gas fluids throughout a building. Some piping may also be part of the HVAC system.' ^7 - A condition in the ludgs which is a result of having inhaled various austs and particles for a prolonged period of timel - A method of analyzing bulk samples for asbestos in which the sample is illuminated with polarized light (light which vibrates in only one plane) and viewed under a light microscope. - Plastic sheeting which is often used to seal off an area in which asbestos removal is taking place for the purpose of preventing contamination of other areas. - Respirators which function by blowing air or providing pressurized air to the wearer. - A form of qualitative fit testing in which the wearer covers the exhalation valve of a negative pressure, air-purifying respirator to check for leaks around the face seal. - Refers to caution or danger signs which should be posted in any area wfiere asbestos removal is taking place, or where airborne fiber levels may present a health hazard. 18 384428 S T008 1045 } O Potential Damage - Friable ACM in an area regularly used by building occupants .in course of normal activities and reasonable likelihood that material will become damaged, etc. Potential Significant Damage - Friable ACM in an area regularly used by occupants in course of normal activities and reasonable likelihood of significant damage, etc. Pre-Construction Conference - A meeting held before any work begins between the contractor and the building owner at which time the job specifications are discussed and all details of the work agreed upon. Pre-Employment Physical - Complete medical examination of an employee before the job begins to determine whether or not he/she is fit to perform the functions of their employ ment. Present Value - The value of future expenditures in terms of today's dollars. Pressure Demand Airline Devices - A respiratory protection device which has a regulator and valve design such that there is a continuous flow of air into the facepiece at all times. Prevalent Levels - Levels of airborne contaminants occurring under normal conditions. Prevalent Samples - Air samples taken under normal conditions (background samples). Preventative Measures - Response actions taken to reduce the potential for ACM disturbance, usually within the context of the 0 & M program. Progress Payments - A pre-work agreement whereby the building owner pays the contractor after completion of certain phases of the project. Protection Factor fPF^ - A number which reflects the degree of protection provided by a respirator. It is calculated by dividing the concentration of contaminant outside the mask by the concentration inside the mask. Protective Clothing Pulmonary - Protective, lightweight garments worn by workers performing asbestos abatement to keep gross contamination off the body. _^ v Pertaining to, or portion thereof. S .. . - . : ; '*. 19 affecting, the lungs or some . V-r-vsr.vy: :V V. ' 384429 .V.u- 9*1018001S * : ' , Pulmonary Function-^ ^ K*S&*3* *> PVC 7 'T. ^ '-V .' -." "; /7 ~f'K .. . - . - A test of breathing ability given asTpart of ,, , medical'' surveillance'program..-' ( L - Polyvinyl Chloride , , /..V =.*;<- >- ^ . .-. -.>- **; Qualitative Fit . - Testing the fit of a respirator by a subjective Test f '/ i.evaluation for leaks around the face seal;-- --1 Quality AssuranceV. '. '"'-> til ' '; -i - , '*' V ..v. Quantitative Fit Testing - - A program for "collecting' and analyzing additional samples of suspect material to check on the relia bility of procedures.:: ;t ;c '' " v -- - -- - " '... \s:tf " :. - i- - .i-v;' . - Testing the fit of a respirator by calculating concentrations of" contaminants inside and outside the mask. This requires the use of instruments. Rales - Cracking .sounds in the lower half of the lung; symptomatic of progressing asbestosis.-;., Random Sample - A sample drawn in such a way that there is no set pattern and designed to give a true representation of the entire population or area. Recordkeeping .1. ;; '^p-e^v-y - Detailed documentation of all program^activities, decisions*., analyses,,, and any other pertinent information relating to a project. Regulated Area - An area established by (the employer to demarcate areas where airborne concentrations of asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite, actinolite, or a combi nation of these minerals exceed, or can reasonably be expected to exceed, the permissible exposure limit. Resolution - The ability to distinguish between individual objects, as with a microscope. Respirable - Breathable. Respiration Respiratory Tract. - The exchange of gases in the lungs. - The organs of the body which convey air to the blood, allow exchange of gases, and remove carbon dioxide. Respiratory ProtectionProgram A set of procedures and equipment required by OSHA if employees wear negative pressure respirators or if fiber levels are above the PEL. Response Actions - Actions specified in the management plan to control ACM; includes repair, O&M, and the various methods of abatement. 20 384430 Resusoension Removal Repair Respirator Proaram Rip-Out Risk Safetv Glasses Sawyer Alaorvthvm SCBA SEM Serpentine Shop Drawlnas Shower Room Significant Damage : - -'-1 ' ' .. :* - `-V* ... v- - ' - The secondary dispersal or re-entrainment of settled fibers which have previously been released by impact or fallout. - Scraping, vacuuming, or otherwise taking ACM out of the building and disposing of it. - Restoration of damaged or deteriorated ACM to intact condition. - A written program established by an employer which provides for the safe use of respirators on job sites. - The actual removal of asbestos-containing mater ials from a building. - The likelihood or probability of developing a disease, or being hurt, as the result of exposure to a contaminant or a condition. - Protective eye equipment. - A numerical system for evaluating the degree of asbestos exposure hazard in a given area. - Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus, supplied air respirator in which a tank worn on one's back contains the air. - Scanning Electron Microscopy, a method of micro scopic analysis which utilizes an electron beam directed at the sample and then collects the beams that are reflected to produce an image from which fibers can be identified and counted. - One of the two major groups of minerals from which the asbestiform minerals are derived, distin guished by their tubular structure and chemical composition. Chrysotile is a serpentine mineral. - Detailed drawings of selected items used in the construction of a building. - A room between the clean room and the equipment ^.rdom in a worker decontamination system in which workers take showers when leaving the work area. - Where friable ACM or its covering is significantly damaged,deteriorated, or delaminated; i.e. >10% overall damage of >25% localized damage. CO ,*Y. vt, 7 > ^ - . / / . > V-i- 1';m- v 'hiy " - . ' h/C- <**> 21 , ----V ' O CD 384431 . , :. ..,^7.:;,, o - ~. y- ; ; rv . ST008I048 Sma 11 -Scaife-f Short-^v.'- Maintenance" or ^abateinentjactivities which Duration Activities' contact ~ACBM but do" not represent a major ACMB *> .'s' disturbance, :^V*|fes$r RSpnepcriiffiincafti'oonnsa- - A ^ written^. set'T. of^. standards, procedures, " and materials' for' the"'construction to be performed on `v a building;''*.- "ri-x s i ' ' ~ ^Niyrj^v Spirometer- `v*. V - An instrument which measures the volume of air being expired from the lungs. i^'v; ^ Steel Beams - Building components which support the joists. STEM^ - Scanning Transmission; Electron Microscopy, a combination of a transmission electron microscope with scanning and focusing coils so that a beam of electrons can, be scanned over the sample or pinpointed in a particular area. \ . Structural Member 1 V ;u,\'/ *r '' !* *'- Structural Steel - Any load-supporting member such as beams and load supporting walls of a facility. ~ ,' - A building component which is designed to support other structural members in a building. Substrate The material or existing surface located under or behind the asbestos-conta ining material. Supplied Air Respirator - A respirator that has a central source of breath ing air which is supplied to the wearer by way of an airline. Surfacing Material Surfactant - Material in a school building that is sprayed-on, troweled-on, or otherwise applied to surface, such as acoustical plaster on peilings and fireproofing materials on structural members, or other materi als on surfaces for acoustical, fireproofing, or other purposes (AHERA def inition). An agent added to water to decrease surface tension and thus increase! water's ability to "wet" or penetrate bulk material. The combination of two effects which is greater than the sum of the two independent effects. 22 384432 TEM Thermal System Insulation TLV Tort Transite Treated Cellulose Tremolite Tumor TWA Type B Reader Type C Respirators Type C SuppliedAir Respirator - Transmission Electron Microscopy, a method of microscopic analysis which utilizes an electron beam that is focused onto a thin sample. As the beam penetrates (transmits) through the sample, the difference in densities produces an image on a fluorescent screen from which samples can be identified and counted. - Material applied to pipes, fittings, boilers, breachings, tanks, ducts, or other interior struc tural components to prevent heat loss or gain, or water condensation, or for other purposes. - Threshold Limit Value, Levels of contaminants established by the American Conference of Govern mental Industrial Hygienists to which it is believed that workers can be exposed to with minimal adverse health effects. - A legal wrong, sometimes referred to as negli gence . - A trade name for asbestos cement wallboard and pipe. - An insulation material made of paper or wood products which has fire-retarding materials such as asbestos added to it. - One of six naturally occurring asbestos minerals which was often used in the laboratory for filter ing chemicals. - A swelling or growth of cells and tissue in the body which does not serve a useful purpose. - Time-Weighted Average, as in air sampling. - A physician with specialized training in reading x-rays, specifically in recognizing lung disorde rs. - Powered air purifying respirator in which outside air is compressed, purified, and delivered to the wearer. - A respirator designed to provide a very high level of protection which supplies air to the wearer through an airline from an outside source such as a compressor. ST008I 049 23 384433 ST0081050 yr-4::r?* TwekTM - 3fC: ;-V ...< USEPA v *>. >.. k Vandalism-^. '-'-' > Vermiculite .-' - - .. mu- Visible Emissions - .. .-;.- -.-v'**^?3*-hr - - Visual Inspection ... Washroom Waste Load-Out Area > Water Damage % WBGT Wet Cleaning Wetting Agents Workmen's Compensation Working Drawings rev 8/88 - United States Environmental Protection Agency , - Malicious destruction of' property. - A micaceous mineral that is sometimes used as a substitute for asbestos "and is lightweight and highly water-absorbent|. r ..... - Airborne fibers given off from an asbestos- containing ` source^ that are visible to the human eye. T -. -if. *^ 4:.i,- A, - . " VI A post-abatement walk-through type inspection of the work area to detect incomplete work, damage, or inadequate clean-up of a worksite. A room between the work area and the clean room in the decontamination enclosure system where workers shower. Area where asbestos waste is stored until it can be properly transferred to a landfill. Deterioration materials due the roof. i -tV-.. or delam ination of ceiling or wall to leaks from plumbing or cracks in - Wet Bulb Globe Temperature. - The process of eliminating asbestos contamination from surfaces and objects by using cloths, mops, or other cleaning tools which have been dampened with water. - Materials that are added to water which is used for wetting the asbestos-containing material in order for the water to penetrate more effectively. A system of insurance required in some states by law, financed by employers, which provides payments to employees or their families for occupational injuries, illnesses, or fatalities resulting in loss of wage or income incurred while at work. A set of drawings which reflect the intended construction and appearance of the building. Also known as building plans. 24 384434