Document emLZZ9KBqyR9ZwZMroxnpDwJy

s CHEMICALS l INDUSTRIES TO FROM See Below N. O. Bodden fjpp*. INTEROFFICE / LAKE CHARLES DATE May 17, 1974 SUBJECT Vinyl Chloride Standards Proposed by OSHA - FR 5/10/74 The proposed OSHA vinyl chloride standards are attached for your information. ~ NOB:edh Distribution J. B. Alleman G. A. Work J. C. Lafleur O. L. Cromeans G. K. Jordan H. J. Hoenes R. E. Hanna J. M. Davis {>. H. B. Lovefoy J. H. Morgan C. A. Burns Attachment *-N SL 068670 1G80G PROPOSED RULES <c) The Deputy Administrator. Vet erinary services, upon request to him, may approve other identification systems in specific cases and under such condi tions as he may prescribe If lie deter mines that such systems provide the necessary information to allow for traceback of the swine to their herd of origin. Any person who wishes to submit writ ten data, views or arguments concerning the proposed amendment may do so by filing them with Deputy Administrator. Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Depart ment of Agriculture, Hyattsville, Mary land 20782 before August 12, 1074. All written submissions made pursuant to this notice will be made available for public inspection at the Federal Build ing. 6505 Belcrest Road, Room 870, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782, during reg ular hours of business (8 a.m. to 4:30 pjn.. Monday to Friday, except holidays) in a manner convenient to the public business (7 CFR 1.27(b)). Comments submitted should bear a reference to the date and page number of this issue in the Federal Register. Done at Washington, D.C., this 7th day of May 1974. Pierre A. Chalovx, Acting Deputy Administrator, Veterinary Services. Animal and Plant Health inspection Service. |FR Doc.74-10882 Filed 5-9-74:8:45 am] DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Occupational Safety and Health Administration [ 29 CFR Part 1910 ] [Docket OSH-3G | VINYL CHLORIDE Proposed Standard 1. Background. Vinyl chloride (chiorocthene) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No, 75015, is a synthetic chemi cal made by oxychloriiiatlon of ethylene or by hydrochlorination of acetylene. It Is the parent compound of a series of themoplastic resin polymers and co polymers which are widely used for con tainers, wrapping film, electrical insula tion. pipe, conduit, and a vara-fy of other products. Vinyl chloride has been made commercially in this country since 1939 and present production is in excess of seven billion pounds per year. Vinyl chloride (VC) Is a gas at am bient temperature and pressure and is a chlorinated hydrocarbon which lias moderate liver toxicity. The previous standard set a ceiling value of 500 parts per million (ppm) (29 CFR 1910.93, Table G-l). On January 22, 1974, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was informed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) that the B. F. Good rich Chemical Company reported that deaths of several of its employees from a rare liver cancer (angiosarcoma) may have been occur rationally related. As a result of this no' .dcation and after con sultation with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and a joint inspection of the plant by OSHA, NIOSH, and the Ken tucky Department of Labor, a fact-find ing hearing on possible hazards involved with tiie manufacture and use of VC was announced on January 30, 1974 (39 FR 3874) and held on February 15, 1974. 2. Carcinogenicity of VC. Information produced at tills hearing demonstrated that exposure of laboratory animals `mostly Sprague-Dawley rats) to VC by inhalation at and below the then current OSHA standard of 500 ppm induced tumors, including angiosarcomas of the liver. Professor Cesare Maltoni, of the Institute di Oncologla, Bologna, Italy, reported on a series of experiments on tne effect of exposure of rats, mice, and hamsters to VC at concentrations of 10,000; C.0O0; 2,500; 500; 250; and 50 ppm for varying periods of time (TR- 43-63). Some of the experiments have been concluded, and others arc still on going. The experimental results reported were that tumors have been observed In groups of animals exposed to VC at con centrations as low as 250 ppm. No tumors were observed in the group of animals exposed to VC at a concentration of 50 ppm. It also appears that the total num ber of tumors, as well as the numbers of angiosarcomas of the liver, decreased as the concentrations of VC were reduced to 250 ppm. Another experiment by Pro fessor Maltoni was .reported underway involving the exposure of 300 animals to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm, in order to assess In a more definitive way whether that level of exposure produces tumors in animals. Data reported by Torkelson, Oycn and Rowe (American Industrial Hygiene Association J 22: 254361 (1961)) indicate that exposure to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm failed to induce tumors In rats, hamsters, rabbits, and dogs. The employees of the B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company who died from angio sarcoma of the liver had an average ex posure of approximately 19 yearn to vinyl chloride, at unknown concentrations, and variable exposures to other volatile chemicals. (TR 93). Some employees of Umon Carbide, Firestone Tire and Rub ber, and Goodyear were also reported in post-hearing comments to have had ex posure to vinyl chloride and to have died from angiosarcoma of the liver. Finally, autopsies of four deceased employees re vealed their liver angiosarcoma tumors wero histologically indistinguishable from the angiosarcoma tumors observed in Professor Maltoni'.s experimental animals. 3. The Emergency Temporary Stand~ ard. On the basis of all information available at that time, and the fact that employees were being exposed at levels around the experimentally observed ef fect level of 250 ppm, an Emergency Temporary Standard (ETS) was promul gated on April 5. 1974 (39 FR 12342) ns 29 CFR 1910.93q. This standard reduced the level from a ceiling of 500 ppm to 50 ppm celling. It was expressly recognized iliat tills standard limiting exposures to a 50 ppm level was intended to be a ten tative. interim standard, to be hi effect no longer than six months, during which lime the whole question of possible safe exposure to VC would be reconsidered more fully and in the light of more In formation, especially results of experi ments wluch were known to be under way at that time. 4. Additional information. On April 15, 1974, information and data were pre sented to representatives of OSHA, NIOSH and the EPA by the Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Northbrook, Illi nois, concerning results of animal ex posure studies with VC, sponsored by the Manufacturing Chemists Association (MCA), Although only preliminary hi nature, these results revealed that 2 out of 200 mice exposed to VC concentrations of 50 ppm for 7 hours a day, five days a week, for approximately 7 months, de veloped angiosarcomas of the liver. The Industrial Bio-Test Lab data in dicate that exposure to VC at 50 ppm may well constitute a serious health haz ard to employees. Also, the question of a safe level of exposure for humans can not be determined at this time, and may continue as a matter for scientific de liberation for many years. We thcrcforr conclude that it 1$ now necessary to pro pose to change the 50 ppm level estab lished in the ETS to as low a level as can be detected using inctiiodologies out fined in this proposal. (5) The proposed permanent standard. The requirements for a complete stand ard under section 6(b) of the Occupa tional Safety and Health Act of 1970 are much more comprehensive than the provisions of the ETS promulgated on April 5. The following proposals are re sponsive to the additional information on the carcinogenicity of VC, and the requirements of the Act. tive methods may be available now or in the future, the methodological sensitivity proposed appears to be the most feasible and generally available. A method of 1 ppm sensitivity has been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH. To minimize the number of persons at risk, a require ment would be established for regulating areas where vinyl chloride is manufac tured, reacted, stored, bandied, released, repackaged, or used, including opera tions with polyvinyl chloride containing detectable levels of vinyl chloride. Access to the areas would be limited to author ized employees. B. Monitoring. A program of monitor ing would be required to establish whether there are detectable levels m regulated areas and to permit determina tion of employee exposures on an in dividual basis. Provision would also be FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY TO, 1974 SL 068671 PROPOSED RULES 16897 made for an opportunity to observe monitoring by employees or their desig nated representatives, as required by sec tion 8(0 (3) of the Act. C. Control methods. Where detectable levels of VC are monitored, two pro grams would be triggered; an engineer ing and work practice program to reduce levels below detectability: and while this Is on-going, a respiratory protection pro gram for employees In the regulated area. Engineering controls and work prac tices are favored methods of compliance because they tend to avoid contamina tion of tlie ambient air in the workplace. Accordingly, it is proposed to require the institution of engineering controls and of workpractice methods as soon as feasi ble, and to Tcqulre the use of respirators pending the institution of such controls, to supplement such controls where they are insufficient to reduce concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, in specified work situations, and In cases of emergency. The proposal for continuous flow and pressure demand types of respirators is based on the rec ommendations of NIOSH, which has ob served leakage through chemical car tridge respirators at high concentrations of VC. A requirement would also be estab lished for the provision and use of pro tective clothing for employees in the reg ulated areas. The protective clothing would minimize skin contact with VC vapor, and would provide some measure of protection from splash of liquid in the event of a spill or rupture of equip ment. Food, beverages, and like products would be prohibited In the regulated area. Written operational and emergency plans would be required, along with em ployee training in routine and emergency duties. Specific requirements would be established for emergency actions and for routine maintenance and decontami nation operations, including vessel entry, which are known to present particular hazards. The purposes of operational and emer gency plans and training are to apprise employees of the hazards to which they may be exposed, of the precautions they must take to avoid such hazards, and to rehearse employees in the procedures they must follow in emergencies. D. Medical surveillance. Comprehen sive requirements for employee medical examinations are proposed, Including necessary tests. Some additional guid ance is included for the convenience of physicians. The proposed requirements have been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH as reasonably appropriate to de tect liver dysfunction which may be in dicative of. or predisposing to, the de velopment of liver angiosarcomas. E. Records and reports. Records of monitoring, medical examinations, and entry to regulated areas are proposed, with provision for access by appropriate OSHA and NIOSH officials. Specific pro visions lor employee access to monitoring records arc included, as well as the re quirement to furnish a copy of a medical record to an employee's physician on the (5) "Decontamination" means reduc employee's request. Establishments con tion of vinyl chloride concentrations to ducting VC operations would be required leas than detectable levels. to identify themselves to OSHA, and to (6) "Detectable level" means an air-* report incidents (accidents) resulting in borne concentration of vinyl chlorldd the release of vinyl chloride. measurable by a sampling and analytical Accordingly, pursuant to sections 6(b>, method capable of measuring conecntia^ 6(c), and 8(c) of the Occupational lions of 1 ppm, with an accuracy of j Safety and Health Act of 1970 (84 Slat. ppm *50 percent. 1 1503,1596, 1599; 29 U.S.C. 655, 657), Sec <7> "Director" means the Director. Na retary of Labor's Order No. 12-71 (36 FR tional Institute lor Occupational Salety 8754) and 29 CFR Part 1911, it is here and Health, or any person directed by by proposed to amend 29 CFR Part 1910 him or the Secretary of Health, Educa by revising } i910.93q as set forth below. tion. and Welfare to act for the Director. Written data, views, and arguments (8) "Emergency" means an unfnrsoen concerning the proposals may be mailed circumstance or set of circumstances, re to the Docket Officer, Docket OSH-36, sulting in the release of vinyl chloride Room 230, 1726 M Street, N.W., Occupa into areas occupied by employees. tional Safety and Health Administra (9> "Exposure" means actual contact tion. Washington, D.C. 20210, post with vinyl chloride when unprotected by marked not later than June 10. 1974. required personal protective equipment Pursuant to 29 CFR 1911.11 (b) and and clothing. (c), interested persons may flic objec (10> "Fabricated product" means a tions to the proposals, requesting an In finished product or part of such product, formal hearing with respect thereto, in made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or in accordance with the following condi part, including semifinished products tions: such as film, sheet, block, bar, .or extru (1) The objections must include the sion stock. name and address of the objector; (11) "OSHA Area Director" means the (2) The objections must be post Director for the Occupational Safety and marked on or before June 10,1974: Health Administration Area Office hav (3) The objections must specify the ing jurisdiction over the geographic area provisions of the proposed rule to which in which the establishment is located. objection is taken, and must state the (12) "Polyvinyl chloride" means poly grounds therefor: vinyl chloride homopolymer or copol (4) Each objection must be separately ymer before such is converted to a fab'-' stated and numbered; and ricated product. (5) The objections must be accom (13) "Protective clothlnfi" means panied by a summary of the evidence clothing protective against vinyl chlo proposed to be adduced at the requested ride, hearing. 04) "Vinyl chloride" means vinyl As revised, S 1910.93q would read as chloride monomer. follows: (15) "Waste resin" means any resin J910.93<i Vinyl Chloride. or other reaction products removed in the cleaning of equipment, such os ves (a) Scope and application. (1) This sels and piping. section applies to any area or operation (c) Reference. College of American in which vinyl chloride (chloroethene). Pathologists, 230 N. Michigan Ave., Chi Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. cago, Illinois 60601. 75015. is manufactured, reacted, re (4) Regulated areas. (1) A regulated leased, repackaged, stored, or used, in area shall be established where (1) vinyl cluding areas and operations involving chloride is manufactured, reacted, re polyvinyl chloride where detectable leased. repackaged, stored, or used; or levels of vinyl chloride are released. (ii) polyvinyl chloride capable of re (2) This section does not apply to the leasing detectable levels of vinyl chlo handling or use of fabricated products ride is manufactured, reacted, released, made entirely or in part of polyvinyl repackaged, stored, or used. chloride, (b) Definitions. (1) "Assistant Secre tary" means the Assistant Secretary ol Labor for Occupational Safety and Health. U.S. Department of Labor or his designee. <2) "Authorized employee" means an employee whose duties require him to be in the regulated area and who has been specifically assigned by the employer: and any employee who enters such ail area as a designated representative of employees to exercise an opportunity to observe monitoring and measuring of vinyl chlonde. (2) Access to regulated areas shall be limited to authorized employees. (3) A daily roster of employees enter ing regulated areas shall be made and maintained. The rosters, or summaries thereof, shall be kept. for at least 20 years. (e) Monitoring. (1) Every regulated area shall be monitored for detectable levels of vinyl chloride. (2) The monitoring shall assure that any exposure may be determined for each authorized employee with a confi dence level of 95 percent. (3) "Closed container" means any (3) Employees or their designated rep container wltlch prevents the release of resentatives shall be afforded an oppor vinyl chloride to the environment. tunity to observe monitoring and mcasur-. (4) "Contaminated" means capable lng required by this paragraph. of releasing a delectable level of vinyl (1) Where exercise of an opportunity chloride. requires entry to an area where the use No. 92--Pt. I-----10 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOl. J9, NO. 95--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 SL 068672 lCSlfS PROPO'CD RULES of protective clothing, equipment, fa cilities. or procedures is required, such clothing, equipment, facilities, and pro cedures shall be provided to all persons entitled to exercise the opportunity, at no cost to any of them. Hi) Persons exercising the opportu nity shall be Instructed regarding: (A) The toxicity and fire hazard of vinyl chloride; and <B) The protective steps and measures necessary for their protection. iili> Observers shall be permitted, without Interference to the persons per forming the monitoring and measuring, to: (A) Observe all steps and procedures related to the collecting, processing, and evaluation of particular monitoring and measurement samples ; * <B> Record quantities and results obtained; <C) Observe the condition of monitor ing and measuring equipment; (D) Receive a demonstration of the calibration and function tests of the monitoring and measuring equipment performed on site; and (E) Examine instructions and docu ments related to the procedures and equipment for monitoring and measur ing. (4) Accurate and complete records of all required monitoring shall be made and maintained for not less than 20 years. Such a record shall (i) state the date of such monitoring and the levels determined: and <ii) identify the instru ments and methods used. <f) Engineering controls and workpractice methods. (1) Where detectable levels of vinyl chloride are measured, immediate protection shall be provided against exposure to vinyl chloride by the use of engineering controls, workpractice methods, and respirators as follows: (1) Feasible engineering controls and workpractice methods shall immediately be used to reduce airborne concentra tions of vinyl chloride below the detect able level; (ii) Wherever feasible engineering controls and workpractice methods which can be instituted immediately are not sufficient to reduce concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, they shall nonetheless be used to reduce the concentrations to the lowest prac ticable level, and shall be supplemented by means of respirators in accordance with paragraph (g> of this section; <iil) Wherever no feasible engineering control or workpractice method can be instituted immediately, immediate res piratory protection shall be provided in accordance with paragraph igi of tills section; and (iv) In any case covered by paragraph (f)(1) (11) or (hi) of this section, the employer shall also undertake as soon as practicable a program to reduce airborne concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, or to the greatest extent feasible, solely by means of engi neering controls and workpractice meth ods and as soon as feasible. 12) There shall be tests made for process or equlpmer t leaks and for emis sion of vinyl chloride which may result from workpractice-;. The frequency of these tests shall be such as to insure the integrity of equipment and adherence to proper workpracticcs. (g) Respiratory protection. (1)A res piratory protection program in accord ance with } 1910.134 shall be established and implemented where respirators are required to be used by this section. <2) Respirators shall be used only in cases of emergency and where required by any other provision of this section. Respirators may not be used in lieu of feasible engineering controls or workpractice methods. (3) Respirators or combinations of respirators for protection against vinyl chloride shall be selected from among the following: (1) A positive pressure full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus; (ii) A pressure-demand full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus op erating in the pressure-demand mode; (iii) A combination type "C" pressuredemand full facepiece respirator oper ating in the pressure-demand mode and a pressure-demand self-contained breathing apparatus operating in the pressure-demand mode; or < iv> A combination type "C" continu ous flow respirator and a pressuredemand self-contained breathing ap paratus operating In the pressure-de mand mode. (h) Protective clothing. (1) Employees entering regulated areas shall be pro vided full-body protective clothing, foot wear or shoe covers, and gloves, at no cost to them, and required to wear It while in the regulated area. (2) Where polyvinyl chloride powder containing detectable levels of vinyl chloride is handled, employees shall also be: <i) Provided and required to wear headcoverings; <ii) Required to remove all protective clothing at each exit from the regulated area; and (iii) Required to shower after the last exit of the day. (3) Clean protective clothing shall be provided whenever contaminated or soiled, but not less frequently than weekly. Contaminated clothing shall be decontaminated before reuse by removal for laundering or disposal. (i> Hygiene facilities and practices. (1) Where employees arc required by this section to wear protective clothing and equipment, change rooms shall be provided in accordance with 9 1910.141(e). (2) Where employees are required by this section to shower, shower facilities shall be provided in accordance with 11910.141(d)(3). (3) Storage or consumption of food or beverages, storage or use of smoking or non-food chewing products, and the storage or application of cosmetics are prohibited in regulated areas. (j) Emergency situations. (1) A writ ten operational plan for emergency situations shall be developed for each regulated area, (2) In the event of an emergency, ap propriate portions of the plan shall be put into operation. <ii Hazardous conditions created by the emergency shall be eliminated and the aifecLed area shall be decontaminnted prior to the resumption of normal operations. UifeafipMiai medical aiimM-ire jjlllHiit iliia iiniTT Tn (nrttttttod wtttrtn-#*MmsmJum HWtyfeji present m thaaf- kwiad-mewa* the thne wf the emtrrert(*f. (iii) Where an employee has a known contact with liquid vinyl chloride such employee shall be required to shower as soon as possible, unless contraindicated by physical injuries. (iv) An Incident report on the emer gency shall be reported as required in paragraph (q) (2) of this section. (3) Each authorized employee shall be trained in a program relating to the hazards of vinyl chloride and the pre cautions for safe use. (i) Tho program shall include: (A) The nature of the fire hazard, and the necessary protective steps; (B) The nature of the toxic hazard, including local and systemic effects, acute and chronic effects including specifically the carcinogenic hazard; (C) The specific nature of operations which could result in exposure to vinyl chloride, and necessary protective steps; (D) The purpose for and application of the medical surveillance program; (E> The purpose for and application of decontamination practices; IF) The purpose for and significance of emergency practices and procedures: (G> The employee's specific role under normal operating or emergency condi tions; (H) Specific information to aid the employee in recognition and evaluation of conditions and situations which may result in the release of vinyl chloride; (I) The purpose for and application of specific first aid procedures and prac tices; (J) A review of this standard at the employee's first training and indoctri nation program and annually thereafter, (ii) All materials relating to the pro gram shall be provided upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant Secretary and the Director. (k) Signs and labels. (D Entrances to regulated areas shall be posted with signs bearing the legend: CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT AREA AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY 12) Areas containing operations cov ered in paragraph (k) (I) (4) of this section shall be posted with signs bearing tho legend: CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT IN THIS AREA PULL IMPERVIOUS AIR-SUPPLIED EQUIP MENT REQUIRED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY (3) Containers of waste or other ma terials contaminated with vinyl chloride hall bo labeled; ' FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 SL 068673 PROPOSED RULES 1GS90 VINYL CHLORIDE CONTAMINATED MATERIAL C A N'C EP. - b U KT EC T A G L I"' T DISPOSE OF OR DECONTAMINATE USING AUTIi.OP.IZLD PRLCt.DUr.La (4) Containers of polyvinyl chloride containing detectable levels of vinyl chlor.de snail be labeled. POLYVINYL CHLORTIi: CONTAINS VINYL CHLORIDE VINYL CHLORIDE In A CANCER-SUSPECT A'rjNr ABSORBED BY BREATHING AND 1 H R O U 011 S r. IN (S> Containers of vinyl chlorine shall be labeled: VINYL CHLORIDE DANDER EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE GAS UNDER PHI 'SURE MAY POLYMERIZE WITH EXPLOSIVE FORCE POISON CANCER SUSPECT AGENT AND ANESTHETIC absorbed by breathing AND THROUGH SHIN (6) No statement shall appear on or near any required sign, label or instruc tion, which contradicts or detracts from the effect of any required naming, in formation or instruction. (11 Naiv.tcnc.nce and decontamina tion, (It Emphasis shall be paired noon immediate clean up ol spine periodic in spection, piompt repair uf equipment and leaks, and proper handling, ctomfic and disposal or decontamination of materials to prevent (income contamination and accidental skin contact wim vinyl chlo ride. Waste materials, equipment, and other sources of vinyl cnloude m closed containers, may not r:e placed in areas of excessive tempeiatuie or sunlight since build-up of internal pressuie mav result In rupture of the container, hue or explosion. (2) Waste resins or other materials contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be placed in closed contamcis pending dis posal or decontamination f3> Appiopr.ate procedures shall be developed and implemented for the de contamination or disposal of all such waste matenal, (4) In maintenance or repair opera tions on contaminated--systems or equipment, including vessel entry, em ploy ees engaged m such operations shall be M> piovidcd with and required to wear and u.,e a whole-body tnr-suppijod suit impeivious to vinyl chloride, and a res; .. - m accordance with paragraph (g1 - 'r'^t:oii: and (li required to sh ..'..i:,; pru'.ci live eqhip- mcn, 1 ."lot': ii'.d equ.pmeiit sha . ... -.ml diy lor em n u ,e, (c . 'I , or;jipmr -.\Aien,', arc op1 , . . t '..nth .Ism !:,,;i be provided to n move the escaping vapor from ull Occupied areas, '7i U> Vessel', to be entered shall first be ventilated and monitored so that the concentration of vinyl chluiide is reduced to a level v.lthin the protection factor c.ipab.i.ty of the prutect.ve equipment. | li i Whence1 'Is are to be enteicd. all piping to such v-s-el shall be: i A) Opened, b1 inked and tanged, or (B> Where whdid piping is in use, not less than 2 valve1 in series, which isolate the vessel from my other connection to such line, must l.e closed and seemed. (lili No emplo ee shall eider a vy.-ol. except when ano.her employee properly trained and equipped for end;.' is pres ent and is obser. mg the employee In the vessel. The obsoiver shall hate means for signalling lot help m the event the employee experiences problems Unr.er sucT. conditions, the obsetver shall rial for help, and shall not enter to assist the employee unt.i another poison is present to observe (ttp Transportation loadina and loading, (li Facll.tles for the loading and unloading of vinvl chloride to and from containers shall have each transfer line and vapor-oat,ahi'ir.g line equip with vent connections, and shall 1-- an inert gas purging system. Vent am' purge effluent shall be returned to a pi -. ess stream or f.ared In a safe location 12' Procedures snail be developed a ... Implemented for the transfer of vm I ch.londe. Written copies of such proce dures shall be provided employees e-t gaged in such operations, and such em ployees shall be fully trained and re hearsed in all procedures, 13) Employees engaged m transfer op eration., shall be provided with and rcaunecl to wear lespirators in arcoiGan.ee with paragraph <g> of this section. * r, i Pohuncr handling ojicrc' ions (li Containers of polyvinyl chloride releas ing delectable levels of vinyl chlorine .shall Lc opened and transferred only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the concentration of vinyl chlo ride m-iow th.e detectable level. 12) Hot opeintions, such as but not Imi.ted to milling, calendering and ex truding, which release detectable levels of vinyl chloride, sit,ill be can ied on only under local exhaust ventilation which, reduces the concentration of vinyl chlo ride below the detectable level, (o> Medical surveillance. Not later than .......................... 1974, a program of medical surveillance shall be insti tuted, and shall provide each authorized employee with an opportunity for ex aminations in accordance with this pai agraph. All medical examinations and procedures shall be peiformed by or under the supervision of a licensed Doctor of Medicine (AID) or Doctor of Osteopathy r DCn All medical examina tion:, am. b'-ts . ..ail be piovidcd without cost to the employee. < 11 At (h.e t.meijf Initial r:i.,,1 ,mi-i.t, or upon institution ot sciecnlng, a physi cal cxunilrathjn shall be pc-:1r>;,i.,-; 1 with spiv.lic attention to cic tec ling eul.u ce ment of liver or spleen by abdominal palliation (21 At the time of initial employment pi upon institution of so < cuing, and an nually thereafter, a medical history checklist shall he completed by the em ployee. This list shall include quo-lions con. cin.ng; <i> Alcohol intake; i n Past history of hepatitis; mid Past exposure to potential hepatotoxic agents, Including diugs and chemicals. mv i Past history of blood transfu sions; and 1 v i Past history of hospitalizations. <3 i At the tune of initial employment, or upon institution of screening, a scrum specimen vlial! be obtained for screening with rospccL to the following blo-chcmiral drtei minnuons ol livei function: < 11 Total bilirubin; Mn Alkaline phosphatase: Min Seium glutamic oxalacetic trans aminase iSGOTi; (iv i Scrum glutamic pyruvic trans aminase 'SGPTi : and ivi Gamma glustamyl transpeptidase 1GGTP1. >4' Additional tests that may optton- ' colic.dered for use in screening ..oiuiic: m Lactic dehydrogenase; mm Scram protein determinations; in' Serum protein electrophoresis; ..i.d . iv > Platelet count. 15 > Laboratory analyses for all blologi.- d -y.-cimens included In medical exam inations shall be performed in labora tories accredited by the College of American P'uh./.ogists or i.reused under 43 CPU Part 74. i C> If the results of screening requued in paragraph ioii3) of this section are normal, screening shall be repeated; mi Everv six month', for < mnloycc:. who have been employed in vinyl chlo ride related operations lor 10 year:, or more; and (in Annually for all other employees entering regulated areas 17 > if one or more liver function tests performed arc abnormal, serum Lev; mg shall be repeated os soon as possible, preferably within two to four weeks. If no aonormaluies are present upon rescreemng, scrum testlnfe sl'.oll be re peated in three months. i8i If abnormalities persist upon rescreening. the employee shall be with drawn from areas where contact with vutyl chloride is possible, and an individ ualized mecacal workshop shall be in stituted. Suggested os initial steps are a complete physical examination and vari ous special procedures such as hepatitis li nr.Mgcu determination and liver scan ning. If liter function abnormalities are detei rnmt-d to be unrelated to liver dis ease. the employee may lie permitted to reMirn to v.-m i .dilunde-'el.aed employ ment, subject to individual medical evaluation Mn A mj:iiidi11 <: an.i accurate in mil of the Jesuits of medical examinations .shall be made and i.iaudamed lor the uuiollon of employment plus live years, or for 20 vcais, whichever Is longer. (pi Kecords. (D Record:-, of monitor ing and measuring, medical records, and lrgtihUrd aica entry rosters and sum maries, shall be made available for ex amination and copying upon request to authorized representatives of th.e Assist ant Secretary and the Director '1 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 93--FRIDAY, MAY 10, .1974 / SL 068674 IfiOOO PROPOSED RULES (2) In the event that the employer ceases to do business and there is no suc cessor to receive and retain his records for the prescribed period, these records shall be transmitted by registered mail to the Director, and each employee Indi vidually notified In tenting of this transfer, (3) Employees and their designated representatives shall be provided access to examine and copy records of monitor ing and measuring, (41 Former employees shall be pro vided acccs to examine and copy records reflecting their own exposures. (51 Upon written request of any em ployee, a copy of the medical record of such employee shall be furnished to a physician designated by the employee in such request. (q) Reports. (1) Not later than the following information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director. Any change in such information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director within 15 days of such change. (11 The address and location of each establishment which has one or more regulated areas; and (ii) The number of employees in each regulated area during normal operations, including maintenance. (2) Incidents which result In the re lease of vinyl chloride into any area where employees may be exposed shall oe reported m accordance with this para graph. <ii A report of the occurrence of the incident and the facts obtainable at that time including a report on any medical treatment of affected employees shall be made witinn 24 hours to the OSHA Aiea Director. (11) A written report shall be filed with the OSHA Area Director within 15 calendar days thereafter and shall in clude: (A) A specification of the amount of material released; (B) A description of the area involved and the extent of known and potential employee exposure and area affected; (C) A report on any medical treat ment of affected employees and any medical surveillance program imple mented: and (D) An analysis of the circumstances of the incident, and measures taken or to be taken, with specific completion dates, to avoid further similar releases. (3) Upon completion of any monitoring and measurmg which discloses that any employee has actually been exposed to detectable levels of vinyl chloride, each such employee shall be individually noti fied in writing. The notice shall: <i> Be delivered not later than 10 working days after completion of the monitoring and measuring; (ii) State the actual exposure in terms of concentration and time; and (lii) State the steps which have been taken, arc being taken, and will be taken, with specific completion dates, to termi nate the exposure and prevent a recur rence. (Secs. 6(b). 6(0, and 8(c), 84 Stnt, 1503. 1500. 1509 (29 U s.C. 055, 657); Secretary of Labor's Order No 12-71 (30 FR 8754)) Signed at Washington, D.C. this 6th day of May, 1971. John Stendeh, Assisfanf Secretary o/ Labor. [FR Doc.74-10718 Filed 5-9-74:8:45 uii[ DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration [ 14 CFR Part 25 ] [Docket No. 13690; Notice 74-101 TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Type A Passenger Emergency Exit Capacity The FAA is considering rule making to revise the passenger seating configura tion limit that is applicable to Type A exits on transport category airplanes. Sections 25.807(C) (2) and (3) of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAlts) currently provide that for each pair of Type A exits (consisting of one on each side of the fuselage) the airplane may have a maximum passenger seating con figuration of 100. This advance notice of proposed rule making is being issued in accordance with the FAA's policy for early Institu tion of public proceedings in actions re lated to rule making. An "advance'' no tice is issued to Invite early public paiticipation in the identification and se lection of a course or alternate courses of action with respect to a particular rule making problem. Interested persons are invited to par ticipate In the rule making by submitting such written data, views, or arguments as they may desire. Communications should identify tire regulatory docket or notice number and be submitted in duplicate to: Federal Aviation Administration. Offleo of the Chief Counsel, Attention; Rules Docket. AGC-24. 800 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, D.C. 20591. Communications should be received on or befoie July 9, 1974; to assure proper consideration. All comments submitted will be available, both before and after the closing date for comments, for ex amination by interested persons. The regulatory provisions relating to Type A exits that are contained in 5 25807 of the Federal Aviation Regulations were adopted by Amendment 25-15, ef fective October 24, 1967. That amend ment also established the provision, in 5 25.803(c), that manufacturers show by demonstration that the maximum scal ing capacity of on airplane having a ca pacity of more than 44 passengers can bo evacuated to the ground within 90 seconds, under conditions presented in tlie regulation. As discussed in the pre amble to Amendment 25-15. the allow able passenger seating limit of 10O that was established for each pair of Type A exLsts was less than the evacuation ca pacity that had been demonstrated by test. As a result of receiving data and information tending to Indicate that some of the considerations leading to the conservative limitation may no longer be applicable, the FAA has instituted a regulatory study project to reevaluato the limitation. The study will Include tho factors originally considered in estab lishing the limitation as well as any other factors found to be pertinent. Those factors originally considered include per tinent evacuation tests and demonstra tions, extenor slides, the number, loca tion, and size of aisles and passageways, and evacuation system reliability. Data available to the FAA on in-serv ice evacuations, slide deployments, and evacuation demonstrations indicate that moro than 100 passengers have been evacuated through a Type A exit within 90 seconds. The data further indicate that Type A exit systems may have higher in-service reliability titan was an ticipated at the time tho limitation was established In the regulations. However, the FAA believes it Is important to re view all relevant data on safety and cost considerations that may be applicable to any proposed change in the Type A exit passenger seating limitation. To this end, the FAA solicits data, views, and argu ments from all interested persons on tiie questions set forth below. Data support ing an answer should be submitted or identified sufficiently that the FAA may obtain or develop It. 1. Do the data available on evacuation tests and in-service incidents that relate to the evacuation capacity of Type A exits under emergency conditions indi cate that the 100 passenger limitations may safely be Increased? 2. What reliability has been demon strated for Type A exit systems by serv ice experience and tests? 3. What relationships may bq estab lished between reliability and passenger emergency evacuation capability of Type A exits? 4. How would the emergency evacua tion capability of Type A exits be af fected by specific Increases in passenger seating capacity and by specific passen ger seating configuration considerations? 5. If there are other factors that should be considered, how should the rel evant data be related to the emergency evacuation capability of Type A exits? C. If the commentator recommends specific passenger capacities for consid eration, what economic and safeLy bene fits or penalties would be associated with them? Issued in Washington, D.C., on May 2. 1074. C. R. Melucin, Jr., Acting Director, Flight Standards Service. [FR Doc 74-10787 Filed 6 ?-74:B:45 am] [14 CFR Part 39] [Docket No. 74-NW-4-AD1 AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES Boeing Model 737-100/200 Series Airplanes The Federal Aviation Administration is considering amending Part 39 of the FEDERAL REGISTER, VOl. 39, NO 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 SL 068675