Document e5wBrxwRVQ7dvwrMjONzwLk2y

FILE NAME: Insurance Industry (INS) DATE: 1934 July 12 DOC#: INS026 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Article from The National Underwriter - Occupational Diseases-How They Are Developed ^ CASUALTY 3; Eminent Local Agent is IOccupational D isea ses_ Life Insurance Leader ire How They A re Developed Attorney Charles C. Kirk, 111 West tion of the lung, readily shown by x-ray, Monroe street, Chicago, who is con and ultimately produces numerous other tributing a series of articles on occupa like calcification of the other air cells. tional diseases to T he N ational U nder This is the first stage of silicosis, an- writer, in his previous study took up thridosis, siderosis, chaliocosis or as- IT the diseases in certain industries, de bestoscosis, depending upon the kind of scribed them and showed how they were dust. Larger sections of each lung be acquired. He then dealt with conditions come like afflicted by virtue of the con m- in factories, telling about dust, gases or tinuing of the deposits and inflamed fluids arising through some processes of lung tissue, until more and more of manufacture and tracing the effect on each lung tissue and air cell's ability to the human system. He continues in fully function are destroyed. . his description of the action of dust on the body. He says: Tuberculosis Bacteria 1 Nature has provided the body with Follows Affected Lung :pS safeguards against dusts. The nose or mouth repels such dust by contact with The lungs of persons so affected are he the saliva in the mouth and the volun in a condition to be susceptible to the tuberculosis bacteria, and when so af ch tary and involuntary muscular desire to flicted, such condition can be readily ew tke dust by exPectoration. Where the dust is constant and continu ascertained by the usual pathological ex to ; ous, the nose and mouth by this con amination to which all tuberculosis pa tients are subjected. Silicosis tuber ra stant contact and discharge, is unable culosis, siderosis tuberculosis, anthri- he I CH ARLES B, H. LOVENTHAL to carry away all particles by expectora cosis tuberculosis, etc., then exists, de tion. Such continuous and constant con nil - r Loventhal Brothers of Nashville, tact has a tendency to decrease the abil pending upon the nature or kind of the dusts to which the victim has been sub " , en,n-* aIe .successful agents writing all ity to discharge all the dust, in which jected. ed I kinds -of^ insurance but devote much case it is^ then carried into the trachea During the time of accumulation of re- Bm e, to insurance, representing the or windpipe. The epithelium, or the in dust as shown and the abnormal condi Northwestern Mutual Life. Lee J. and side covering of the windpipe, is so tion of the lungs being thus created by Lharles B. H. Loventhal are the two constituted that the muscular action is virtue of the calcification, and the more ' I senior partners, both being particularly that of an upward motion in its dis or less partial destruction of air cells an interested in life insurance production charge of dust attempting to be there and lung tissue thus established, nature a A third brother, Martin S., joined the lodged, into the mouth, and then dis attempts to provide a compensatory agency April 1, 1924. Charles B. H. charged by expectoration. These mus condition. In persons so affected, as Loventhal completed the agency year cles, by this constant and abnormal de dust deposits become larger, breathing as the leading producer for the company mand of activity in this respect, became becomes more and more labored, and f 111 Tennessee. He had a very success- more or less weakened, enabling the being so, there is a direct reaction upon he *ul record. He completed also 55 dust particles to enter into the bronchi, the heart. The heart has a larger and or weeks of consecutive production. Mr. the pathway to the right and left lung. continuing greater load to carry, more ed he Loventhal is a former president of the iennessee Association of Insurance I he bronchi bifurcates to the right and leit lung and in the lung spreads in so in those cases where such dusts and fluids also affect the blood stream. n- Agents, is prominent in the National numerous bronchial tubes, fanlike, to all ke I Association of Insurance Agents and sections of the lungs. Particles of Dissolved Dust he served as president of the special agents' Dust Finally Comes in Soon Enter Blood Stream ild I association of the Northwestern Mutual Contact With Blood Stream Particles of the dissolved dust fluid ad The further accumulations of dust in enter the blood stream through the ial Boney Refuses Rate Increase small, minute .particles, are then found pthuelmloenftaryvevnetriincsleinotfhethleunhgeaarntd tsoo btoe re on While conceding that casualty com in the bronchiole of the right and left lung. The dust so accumulated here thereafter manifested in an inflamma !e- pames lost money on their compensa comes into contact with the blood tory condition of the heart muscles and of ne tion business in past years, Commis sioner D. C. Boney of North Carolina stream, lymphatic fluid and lymphatic tissues. When this takes place and the as salt deposits. A deposit is thereby set up at the opening of the mitral or a k has refused to sanction the rate in crease recently asked by the carriers, at lymphatic fluid, blood and air passages bicuspid valves, preventing the normal and free action of such valves. This at least until next spring, feeling that im proved industrial conditions may prove of the lung attempt gradually to dis solve the dust so deposited, and failing condition may create a too small or so present rates to be adequate. In view of to so do, there is then shown a deposit too great a blood discharge from one y- the action of the New York department of such dust around the air cells and in section of the heart to the other, which in authorizing an advance on the basis the lung tissue. Such deposits inflame is readily ascertained by a physician submitted experience, the decision of the lung tissue and the lymphatic fluid upon a heart examination. So there Mr. Boney is highly disappointing to covering the same, and create a lung would be, in addition to the lung con the companies. scar. The continued inhalation, and the dition, a heart affliction as well. continued process of protection of the Many of the types of dusts are more Roth Opens Norfolk Office lung tissue by the lymphatic fluid re soluble than others, and become in the mouth, trachea and bronchi, a dust fluid C. S. Roth, 600 Portlock building, sults in the condition and known as "pneumonoconiosis." disease which enters the lungs through the Norfolk, Va., has established an inde pendent adjusting office to handle Here it would be well to remember bronchioles. There it comes in contact with the air cells and the lymphatic claims. For eight years he was ner- that the pulmonary artery after leaving the heart, likewise bifurcates to the fluid, entering the blood stream through sonal injury claim agent for the SeaI board Airline and for two years he had right and left lung, where it likewise the pulmonary veins, then into the left side of the heart, through the heart, an independent adjusting office in spreads its vessels fanwise throughout the lung to the lobules or air cells. The leaving at the right side of the heart, Tampa, Fla. He then served the Hart ford Accident as adjuster for three air cells, the blood vessels, and the through the aorta into the general blood stream and carried in such stream years. He was traveling attorney for lymphatic vessels and fluid meet at the air cells, where the purification of the throughout the body. Thereafter the the Independence Indemnity for three years. For four years he was vice blood takes place. Here the impurities blood again enters the heart and through it into the pulmonary artery to president and general manager of Wil brought into the lungs by the dust also enter into the blood stream and are thus the right and left lung where it again liam D. Callaghan, Inc., Cleveland; gen eral agents and average adjusters. He carried throughout the body. reaches the place of dust origin in the air cell of the lungs. is a member of the Virginia bar. Some Dusts Tend to The continuous absorption of fluid Irritate the Lung Tissue and Poisonous fluids, affect Good Lines to Avoid .i!16 dust >s that of silicon dioxide, metallic, or stone, incapable of absorp the blood which in turn creates a gen eral debility of the heart, and heart mus NEW YORK, July 11.--Classes that tion, there is created an additional diffi cles, resulting in some one or more of surety companies would be far better culty Such dusts, sharp, hard and im the many heart afflictions, the following off if they refrained from writing in elude, beside depository bond covers, possible of absorption, irritate the lung named diseases being some of the many county treasurers' bonds and fidelity tissue, by way of inflammation and cre ate a scarred lung tissue. The lymph- ff3atn.tyv TdS'SeennelTrationnieo"Ift thofe thheearvt emnturiscclleess^ I schedules on 'bink employes. Whatever anA,endcar<i'um or myocardium, etc. ' rates are fixed for these lines prove in adequate to meet the losses, despite an'u flu`j cnvei.s ^ dust so deposited ?i*d ? radua ly- hardens such portions of tJ h e 1afflicted blood stream in passing every care exercised by underwriters in the acceptance of risks. The t f-Cd !,nfl,amm?tory lung tissue. The continued deposit and calcification, sseettssUuunp aathd?eglleVnCerraatinodn koifdjsleuyc<h loikregwanisse create a fibrous tissue or stringy condi particularly so if the deposft of *d" t (C O N TIN U ED ON P A G E 33) Expense Loading Shortage Studied (CONTINUED PRO M PA G E 25) The situation is not so difficult for the larger agents who control a substantial volume of business because they are able to exert considerable pressure upon their companies. However, it may well be argued that the more compensation business which a company is prevailed upon to accept from larger agents the less accommodation it can extend to smaller agents. Therefore it seems only reasonable that efforts should be made to place all agents--both large and small --on a more equal footing through such a distribution of the loading for expenses as will make the' compensation business attractive to the companies. Some of the agency leaders take the position that the rates should be pro jected to the point where the premium covers losses and expenses. They say then that the agent would be in a posi tion of having compensation to sell, if the employer were willing to pay the price. As it is now, the customer must be told that the. agent is uncertain whether he can get insurance for him at any price. To this argument, the cojnpames say that if the price were pitched at a comfortable level for the insurance companies, the agitation of the public would soon bring about creation of state funds in all of the states. _ The observation is made by some company executives that although the top commission on compensation is 17.5 percent, it is only 12.0 percent on auto mobile liability insurance in Massachu setts, where that coverage is compul sory. 0. L. & T. Becomes Big Loss Producer (CONTINUED FR O M PA G E 25) panies in certain sections of this city became so severe some months ago that several offices declined flatly to con sider risks located here, forcing the own ers and landlords to adopt cooperative measures for meeting unjust claims. Occupational Diseases and How They Can Be Developed (CONTINUED FR O M PA G E 27) fluid in the blood be toxic in its nature. Anthracosis and other dust diseases have been definitely and medically es tablished as being the cause of cirrhosis of the liver. The liver acts as a cleans ing organ and in such function reduces the coal fluid to a minute coal particle and establishes in the course of time, cirrhosis of the liver, and so acts like wise with the other named dusts. (Os ier--Diseases of the Digestive System.) Likewise where the heart is affected by the dusts there will ultimately be an af fected liver and kidney. Toxic agents, such as turpentine, cantharides, cholate of potash, and carbolic acid and coal tar by-products cause an acute conges tion of the liver and terminates in neph ritis. Red Blood Corpuscles And Their Function Nature provides a further purification of the blood stream through the red blood corpuscles. Foreign substances in the blood stream are absorbed by such red blood corpuscles. Retard or par tially destroy them and infect the blood stream by continuous inhalation of in jurious, toxic or poisonous fluid dust, and the blood then begins to degenerate in quality so much so that there is then the danger of greater amount of white corpuscles than the red. This is par ticularly true oi all of those dust fluids which are toxic. Toxics destroy the hemoglobin in the blood stream which is in turn destructive of the heart mus cle and brings about some one or more of the named heart diseases or similar afflictions. Gases, vapors and fumes irritate the respiratory passages and subject the person so afflicted to various nasal, throat and bronchial troubles. Such gases, vapors and fumes are usually toxic, and if so, then the danger oi bodily absorption is had. Gases, vapors and fumes arise from mineral acids, sul phuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, used by engravers, etchers, lith ographers and chemical manufacturers and kindred industries. We have also, gases and vapors arising from heated lead, tar and creosote distillers, asphalt and petroleum products; also in the manufacture and use of naphtha, ben zine, gasoline, anilin, dinitrobenzene, dinitrotuluene and other coal tar prod ucts. Here also is an added toxic dan ger of a blood affected condition as well as the heart causing the diseases above set forth. The industries I have enumerated, from which an occupational disease may arise, does not complete the list. The observations here can be only general. Each industry has its own factory hy giene and sanitation problems and therefore each requires individual atten tion or a type or class of industry at tention. Likewise, each has its own certain types of reasonable and ap proved devices that should be adopted for the prevention of diseases. There fore there has been an attempt, in a general way, to point out the present dangers to workmen and employers in the now manufacturing processes. The present lack of safeguards has resulted in expensive and prolonged litigation against the employer. It is needless to say.that such litigation has placed the employer at a great disadvantage. In surance companies having occupational riders upon the industry have likewise suffered because of an incomplete fore knowledge of the risk and incomplete subsequent preparation to meet the new issues presented to them. Insur ance companies must insist upon proper means and methods to protect workmen, equipping manufacturing plants with proper safeguards prior to employment and periodical medical ex aminations of workmen will tend to cur tail and may eliminate many of the present dangers, proving less expensive and more humane. Such course may also answer many of the questions be tween the employer and his insurance company. Knoxville Gets Ou The Knoxvi has sent out tion," 80 page ers of the pu through the e It has been at text book for the preface it s Sharpe, superv in the schools: the book. In were killed wi school in Knos out at the heat case it was the safety council mote the teach The Knoxvill adopted the c in this book, then not a chi going to and fi has now been i teaching of thi the public sc against automo that may occur fare. DO THI c7o obiain psiampi plcde qla&Mplcwen j& i Ljo u n Ckieacjoai DIAL MOHawklll Plate glass breakages have been U to many causes. Atmospheric c tions, crowds pressing against wim tight window bands, motor accident heavy winds are a few of the most mon items. A With the glass subject to so man ferent kinds of hazards and with dreds of sales lost every time wi displays are rendered ineffective bf of broken glass, you must deal v dependable, proven company thal replace glass promptly, efCcientlj courteously. Such an organization American Glass Company, the lea< the Chicago plate glass field. R em em ber A m erican Glass fo r plait