Document e1mQOXN6RQoODLvG7zJqkN9Ee

EXHIBIT VIII BFG TECHNICAL DOCUMENT A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR THE DIFFUSION OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER FROM PVC UNDER VARIOUS COIPITIOKS OF STORAGE by M. M. 0 'Mara L. B. Crider. R* L. Bowles C. J. Tomaoek B.F.Goodrich Chemical Company Avon Lake Technical Center P.O. Box 122 Avon Lake, Ohio 44012 August 25, 1975 Abstract An empirical model, baaed on large scale laboratory experimental data, has been developed to show the relationship between the amount of residual vinyl chloride monomer (R7CM) in PVC resin and the concentration of atmo spheric vinyl chloride monomer (AVCM) under various conditions of storage. The variables studies in the experimental work leading to the development of this model include temperature, time, ventilation rate, RVCM content of the resin, mass/volume ratio and resin type (varying in porosity). The results obtained from a statistically designed series of 24 exper iments show the interactions of all the variables and permit (1) the effects of the variables to be established and (2) the derivation of a model which permits the AVCM levels to be predicted for any combination of the variables. The developed model has been used to predict the AVCM level in BFG warehouses at Avon Lake, Louisville and Pedrlcktown. We have found excellent agreement between predicted and measured AVCM levels at these three locations atkd under a variety of storage conditions. Additionally, the model has been used to show that under less than the most severe storage conditions, the OSBA action level will not be exceeded (500 ppb AVCM) when the RVCM content of the stored resin does not exceed 18 ppm. Even under the most extreme storage conditions the OSBA action level is not exceeded when the RVCM content of the resin is 8.5 ppm or less. Table of Contents I. Technical Objectives .......... ............................................... 1 XI. Introduction . .............................................................................................. 1 III. Statistically Designed Study........................................................................... 3 IV. Experimental................................................................................................................. (A) Description of Model........................................... .... ................................. (E) Analytical Methodology................................................... (C) Theoretical Diffusion of VCM in Physical Model................... 3 3 5 11 V. Diffusion of VCM From PVC Resins in Model.......................................... 15 VI. Results and Conclusions.................................................. 18 VII. Acknowledgments.................................... 26 VIII. Bibliography................................................................................................................. 27 IX. Appendix.......................................................................................................................... 28 Id fvT o o List of Figures and Tables Figure 1 Schematic of Experimental System........................................... 6 Figure 2-5 Photographs of Experimental System . ......................... . 8&9 Figure 6 Theoretical Vs. Experimental Build-up of VCM in 55-Gallon Drum.................................................................. 14 Figure 7 Theoretical Vs. Experimental Build-up of VCM in 55-Gallon Drum after Experimental Modifications....................................................................... . 16 Figure 8 AVCM Vs. RVCM and Temperature ................................................. T 5 Days Aging 20 Figure 9 AVCM Vs. RVCM and Ventilation . ........................................... T = 5 Days Aging 21 Figure 10 AVCM Vs. RVCM and Warehouse Loading .................................. T = 5 Days Aging 22 ( Figure 11 AVCM Vs. RVCM and Ventilation................................................ 23 T = 30 Days Aging Figure 12 AVCM Vs. RVCM and Warehouse Loading T = 30 Day Aging 24 Figure 13 Prediction of AVCM in Warehouse Samples........................ 25 Table I Table II Table III Table IV Table V Table VI Modeling Experiments......................................................................... Basic Description of Physical Model ^ Gas Chromatograph and Data Handling System used to Monitor AVCM Levels.................................................... VCM Calibration of Gas Chromatograph................................... Sunmary of VCM Diffusion Data ................................................ Experimental (Time/Concentration) Data........................ 4 7 10 12 17 29 Cvl - -9*V T I. Technical Objectives Our major objective in this work was to develop a physical model for the diffusion of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) from PVC resins and compounds under various conditions of exposure during storage and shipment. The critical variables Included In the modeling study are: (1) residence time (2) temperature (3) ventilation rate (4) resin mass/storage volume ratio (5) RVCM content of the resin or compound (6) resin or confound type (varying in porosity) The developed model should be based on a statistically significant number of large scale diffusion experiments so as to show the interaction of all the above variables and to allow the prediction of AVCM levels for any combination of the variables. II. Introduction At temperatures above the glass transition (Tg) point of PVC the solu bility of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) accurately follows Henry's law behavior for VCM contents up to 4000 ppm. This observation^) has lead to a rapid, simple gas chromatographic method for the determination of VCM in PVC from an analysis of the vapor phase (head space) over PVC powders in a closed con tainer. The time required for equilibration between the vapor and PVC phases can be estimated based on recently reported diffusion data^). . O i ti * 0