Document daeoQrNZbbBE0djzxmeYomvYB

Enerplus - Various Well Sites Partial Compliance Evaluation (PCE) On-Site Clean Air Act (CAA) Inspections Inspection Date: June 12 - 15, 2023 Inspection Report Date: July 24,2023 EPA Representatives: Alexis North, Katelyn Bergl, Youn Joo Kim Tribal Representatives: Dwight Bruce, Jr Talon Two Crow Company Representatives: None onsite during inspections. Inspection Report Prepared By: Inspection Report Reviewed By: Applicable Rules: Alexis North Katelyn Bergl, Youn Joo Kim, Scott Patefield SCOTT PATEFIELD Digitally signed by SCOTT PATEFIELD Date: 2023.08.14 13:05:53 -06'00' Federal Implementation Plan for Oil and Natural Gas Well Production Facilities; Fort Berthold Indian Reservation (Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation), North Dakota (Fort Berthold FIP) Compliance Assistance None Part 60, Subpart OOOOa- Standards of Performance for Crude Oil and Natural Gas Facilities for which Construction, Modification or Reconstruction Commenced After September 18, 2015 (OOOOa) Enforcement History Consent Agreement Final Order on August 13, 2020, Docket No. CAA-08-2020-0008. Areas of Concern 1. The EPA detected visible smoke using Method 22 at the following well pads: Enerplus- Igneous Pad Enerplus- Oklahoma Pad Enerplus- Cats Pad Enerplus- Ducks & Hans Pad Enerplus- Spiders Pad 2. The EPA detected unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC) emissions from operating utility flares at the following well pads: Enerplus- Metals East Enerplus- Igneous Pad Enerplus- Metamorphic Pad Enerplus- Oklahoma Pad Enerplus- Windom Pad Page 1 of 8 Enerplus- Ducks & Hans Pad See Table 1 below for more details regarding inspected locations and Tables 2 & 3 for inspection details for all pads. General Source Information Unannounced well site inspections were conducted jointly by U.S. EPA and Fort Berthold Indian Reservation (FBIR) Tribal inspectors (inspectors) on June 12-15, 2023, at multiple Enerplus facilities located on the FBIR. The EPA evaluated each Enerplus well site listed in Table 1 using audio, visual, and olfactory (AVO) inspection methods including the use of an optical gas imaging (OGI) camera and EPA Reference Method 22. At each facility, inspectors scanned the crude and/or water storage tanks, closed vent system and flares onsite for any detectable emissions. Specifically, inspectors scanned storage tank covers and closed vent systems for hydrocarbon emissions to determine compliance with the regulations listed below. EPA's geospatial mapping of air pollution (GMAP) van also collected data using OGI and air sampling equipment at Enerplus facilities from June 12-15, 2023. Data collected and observations made by GMAP EPA personnel are also included in this inspection report, where relevant and when available. Table 1 lists well pad specifics for each inspection including latitude/longitude location as well as time of entry. The well information located in the tables below is from the North Dakota Industrial Commission (NDIC) well index located online at https://www.dmr.nd.gov/oilgas/. Table 1: List of Facilities Inspected June 12-15, 2023 Pad Name Latitude Longitude Baker/Biron Pad- Baker 29-31H, 2034H, Biron 20-24H Cactus Pad- Ocotillo, Wooly Torch, Sauaro, Desert rose, Euphorbia, Cacuts, Rebutia Spiders- Huntsman, Blackwidow, Spider, Cobweb, Tarantula, Trapdoor, Orbweaver, Recluse Metals East- Nickel, Lead, Titanium, Tungsten, Cobalt, Steel, Zinc, Platinum Igneous- Scoria, Basalt, Andesite, Granite, Gabbro, Ryolite, Diorite, Pumice Metamorphic- Argillite, Slate, Mylonite, Hornfels, Amphibolite Oklahoma- FB 148-94-36D-25-2H, 148-94-36D-25-11H, 147-94-1A-122H, 148-94-36D-25-10H, 149-94-1a12-12h, 147-94-1A-12-11H Ethan Hall- Ethan Hall 6B-31-30-1H, 6B-7-1H, Dance Hall, Town Hall, 47.70375 -102.482 47.68783 -102.421 47.67499 -102.484 47.55936 -102.529 47.557581 47.55843 -102.544247 -102.549 47.58675 -102.636 47.5877 -102.582 Page 2 of 8 Inspection Date 6/13/2023 6/13/2023 6/13/2023 6/14/2023 6/14/2023 6/14/2023 6/14/2023 6/14/2023 Time In 8:04 11:38 12:44 12:05 12:23 12:40 13:04 13:18 Anna G Baker 6B-30-2H-TF, 6B-72HTF Cats- Persian, Siamese, Tabby, Manx, Bengal, Calico Windom- FB 148-94-36C-25-4H, 14894-36C-25-5H, 148-94-36C-25-6H, 148-94-36C-25-7H, 148-94-36C-258H, 147-94-1B-12-4H, 147-94-1B-125H, 147-94-1B-12-6H, 147-94-1B-127H, 147-94-1B-12-8H, 147-94-1B-1213H Ducks & Hans- Muscovy 148-93-20A29H-TF, Daffy 148-93-20A-29H, Mallard 148-93-20B-29H-Tf, Canvasback 148-93-20B-29H, Dewey 148-93-20B-29H-TF, Scrooge 148-9320B-29H-TF, Hans 20-+21H Furbearer East Pad- Badger, Bobcat, Coyote, Fox, Mink, Muskrat, Prairie Dog, Racoon James Pad- FB James 150-94-3A106B, 7T, T2, 9B, 10T, 11B Bugs Pad- Beetle, Lady Bug, Wasp 47.58638 47.58987 47.63088 47.84872 47.84635 47.82309 -102.572 -102.6 -102.561 -102.716 -102.699 -102.683 6/14/2023 13:33 6/14/2023 14:10 6/14/2023 14:54 6/15/2023 6/15/2023 6/15/2023 10:00 10:28 11:26 Tables 2 and 3 at the end of this report include the inspections details. Table 2 includes well head counts and storage tank details. Table 3 contains control device and AVO observations. Each well pad inspection followed the approach below: 1. Park on the well pad. 2. Make notations on the site operation including the number of each major type of site process equipment present (e.g., total number of storage tanks, number of oil tanks, number of water tanks, number of tank emission control devices). 3. Note any AVO indications of emissions from the storage tanks closed vent system and control devices. 4. Survey the site operations in infrared modes (auto, manual, and/or high-sensitivity modes), looking for emissions escaping the storage tank closed vent system, and control devices. 5. Observe control devices (enclosed combustor or utility flare) for visible emissions. Fort Berthold FIP Applicability Based on drilling information reported to the NDIC well index by Enerplus the facilities listed in Table 1 were completed after the August 12, 2007, applicability date (per 40 C.F.R. 49.4161) and are producing from the Bakken Pool (per 40 C.F.R. 49.4163(a)(1)) and are thus subject to the Fort Berthold FIP. Closed Vent System Equipment Requirements [49.4165(b)] Per 49.4165(b)(1), "Each closed-vent system must route all produced natural gas and natural gas emissions from production and storage operations to the natural gas sales pipeline or the control devices...". The EPA, using an OGI camera, did not detect natural gas emissions from production and storage tanks at the fourteen well pads evaluated. Page 3 of 8 Utility Flare Requirements [49.4165(c)] Per 49.4165(c)(6)(vi), "The owner or operators must ensure that each enclosed combustor and utility flare is maintained in a leak-free condition." The EPA, using an OGI camera, did not detect emissions at the fourteen well pads evaluated. Per 49.4165(c)(6)(vii), "The owner or operator must ensure that each enclosed combustor and utility flare is operated with no visible smoke emissions." Per 49.4166(g)(3) and EPA Reference Method 22, the EPA noted black smoke emissions at five out of fourteen well pads evaluated. See Area of Concern #1 above. Per 49.4165(c)(1), "For each enclosed combustor or utility flare, the owner or operator must follow the manufacturer's written operating instructions, procedures and maintenance schedule to ensure good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions." The EPA noted UBHC emissions indicating poor air pollution control practices from lit flares at six out of fourteen well pads evaluated. See Area of Concern #2 above. NSPS OOOOa Applicability Based on Enerplus's NSPS OOOOa annual reporting, nine of the fourteen oil and natural gas production facilities identified in Table 1 are subject to requirements for storage vessel affected facilities in NSPS OOOOa: x Cactus x Spiders x Metals East x Igneous x Metamorphic x Oklahoma x Cats x Windom x Ducks & Hans Closed Vent System Equipment Requirements [60.5411a(c)] Per 60.5411a(c)(1), owners and operators must "Design the closed vent system to route all gases, vapors, and fumes emitted from the material in the storage vessel to a control device that meets the requirements specified in 60.5412(c) and (d), or to a process." The EPA observed no emissions from the closed vent systems at nine facilities listed above. Control Device Requirements [60.5412a(d)] Per 60.5412a(d)(1)(iii), owners and operators must, "Operate the combustion control device with no visible emissions, except for periods not to exceed a total of 1 minute during any 15-minute period." The EPA observed black smoke continuously for more than a minute (per Method 22) at the Igneous, Oklahoma, Cats, Ducks & Hans, and Spider well pads. See Area of Concern #1 above. Page 4 of 8 Table 2: Inspection Details: Well Head Count and Storage Tanks Pad Name # Well Heads # Total Storage Tank Emissions Observations (WH) Tanks Baker/Biron Pad- Baker 29-31H, 20-34H, Biron 20- 24H 3 Cactus Pad- Ocotillo, Wooly Torch, Sauaro, Desert rose, Euphorbia, Cactus, Rebutia 7 Spiders- Huntsman, Blackwidow, Spider, Cobweb, Tarantula, Trapdoor, Orbweaver, Recluse 6 Metals East- Nickel, Lead, Titanium, Tungsten, Cobalt, Steel, Zinc, Platinum 6 Igneous- Scoria, Basalt, Andesite, Granite, Gabbro, Ryolite, Diorite, Pumice 9 Metamorphic- Argillite, Slate, Mylonite, Hornfels, Amphibolite 5 Oklahoma- FB 148-94-36D-25-2H, 148-94-36D-25- 11H, 147-94-1A-12-2H, 148-94-36D-25-10H, 149- 94-1a-12-12h, 147-94-1A-12-11H 6 Ethan Hall- Ethan Hall 6B-31-30-1H, 6B-7-1H, Dance Hall, Town Hall, Anna G Baker 6B-30-2H- TF, 6B-7-2HTF 6 Cats- Persian, Siamese, Tabby, Manx, Bengal, Calico 6 Windom- FB 148-94-36C-25-4H, 148-94-36C-25- 5H, 148-94-36C-25-6H, 148-94-36C-25-7H, 148- 94-36C-25-8H, 147-94-1B-12-4H, 147-94-1B-12- 5H, 147-94-1B-12-6H, 147-94-1B-12-7H, 147-94- 1B-12-8H, 147-94-1B-12-13H 11 Ducks & Hans- Muscovy 148-93-20A-29H-TF, Daffy 148-93-20A-29H, Mallard 148-93-20B-29H- Tf, Canvasback 148-93-20B-29H, Dewey 148-93- 20B-29H-TF, Scrooge 148-93-20B-29H-TF, Hans 20-+21H 7 Furbearer East Pad- Badger, Bobcat, Coyote, Fox, Mink, Muskrat, Prairie Dog, Racoon 14 12 5 8 10 16 7 16 18 GMAP Observed leaking HC 10 from the "Persian" well 15 10 28 Page 5 of 8 No emissions File ID James Pad- FB James 150-94-3A10-6B, 7T, T2, 9B, 10T, 11B 8 12 No emissions Bugs Pad- Beetle, Lady Bug, Wasp 3 6 No emissions Page 6 of 8 Table 3: Inspection Details: Control Devices and AVO Pad Name Baker/Biron Pad- Baker 29-31H, 2034H, Biron 20-24H Cactus Pad- Ocotillo, Wooly Torch, Sauaro, Desert rose, Euphorbia, Cacuts, Rebutia Combustion Device (CD) Type 1 air assisted steffes 3 air assisted hi/lo steffes Visible flame CD? Yes Yes Spiders- Huntsman, Blackwidow, Spider, Cobweb, Tarantula, Trapdoor, Orbweaver, Recluse Metals East- Nickel, Lead, Titanium, Tungsten, Cobalt, Steel, Zinc, Platinum 3 HP steffes Yes 1-hP 3-pronged flare 1-hi/lo air assisted flare Yes Igneous- Scoria, Basalt, Andesite, Granite, Gabbro, Ryolite, Diorite, Pumice 1-hP 3-pronged flare 1-hi/lo air assisted flare Yes Metamorphic- Argillite, Slate, Mylonite, 1-hP 3-pronged flare Hornfels, Amphibolite 1-hP air assisted flare Yes Oklahoma- FB 148-94-36D-25-2H, 148- 94-36D-25-11H, 147-94-1A-12-2H, 148-94-36D-25-10H, 149-94-1a-12-12h, 1 hi/lo air assisted 147-94-1A-12-11H Steffes Yes Ethan Hall- Ethan Hall 6B-31-30-1H, 6B-7-1H, Dance Hall, Town Hall, Anna 3 hi/lo air assisted G Baker 6B-30-2H-TF, 6B-7-2HTF Steffes flares Yes AVO and/or IR Observations Continuous flaring was observed. Continuous flaring and intermittent black smoke observed from all three flares Single pronged HP steffes flares were continuously flaring with continuous black smoke. Observed a trailing plume of UBHC from both flares. Observed a trailing plume of UBHC and continuous black smoke for >1 minute per Method 22 from the hi/lo air assisted flare. Inspectors also smelled a strong, intermittent smell of hydrocarbon. 1.UBHC observed from lit prong on the 3-pronged flare. 2. Continuous trailing plume of UBHC observed from hP air assisted flare. Observed a moderate trailing plume of UBHC and continuous black smoke for >1 minute per Method 22 from the hi/lo air assisted flare. The flame zone was observed to be 1500 degrees. File ID MOV_0210 MOV_0212 1. MOV_0214 2. MOV_0215 MOV_0218 Smoke from CD? Yes Yes Yes Yes Page 7 of 8 Cats- Persian, Siamese, Tabby, Manx, 2 hP air assisted Steffes Bengal, Calico flares Yes Windom- FB 148-94-36C-25-4H, 148- 94-36C-25-5H, 148-94-36C-25-6H, 148-94-36C-25-7H, 148-94-36C-25-8H, 147-94-1B-12-4H, 147-94-1B-12-5H, 147-94-1B-12-6H, 147-94-1B-12-7H, 1-lP air assisted flare 147-94-1B-12-8H, 147-94-1B-12-13H 1-hi/lo air assisted flare Yes Ducks & Hans- Muscovy 148-93-20A- 29H-TF, Daffy 148-93-20A-29H, Mallard 148-93-20B-29H-Tf, Canvasback 148-93-20B-29H, Dewey 148-93-20B-29H-TF, Scrooge 148-93- 1-hP air assisted flare 20B-29H-TF, Hans 20-+21H 1-hi/lo air assisted flare Yes Furbearer East Pad- Badger, Bobcat, Coyote, Fox, Mink, Muskrat, Prairie Dog, Racoon James Pad- FB James 150-94-3A10-6B, 7T, T2, 9B, 10T, 11B Bugs Pad- Beetle, Lady Bug, Wasp 3 flares, 2 flares, 3 flares Yes 1 air assisted steffes, 1 tall steffes Yes 1- double hi/lo steffes 1- three pronged steffes Yes At the 1-pronged flare, continuous black smoke for >1 minute per Method 22 was observed. Yes MOV_0224 Continuous trailing plume of UBHC observed from hi/lo air assisted flare. MOV_0226 Continuous trailing plume of UBHC and black smoke for >1 minute per Method 22 observed from hP air assisted flare. Yes IR_3312, DC_3313, IR_3314, IR_3318 DC_3319 IR_3321, DC_3322 IR_3335, Flames present DC_3336 Page 8 of 8