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CHAPTER 3
1957 Guide
Combining equations 37 and 38 and solving for the ratio (A, - Ai)/(Wi Wx),
th - A, Q
h.
W, -- Wi G,,
(39)
Example 8: Moist air at 20 F dry-bulb,temperature and 0.80 degree of saturation is heated and humidified until it is at 120 F dry-bulb temperature and 71.5 F thermo dynamic wet-bulb temperature. Water at 55 F is supplied. If the air flow rate
is 20,000 cfm at the initial conditions, how much heat is required?
Solution a: From the data of Table 2. The initial humidity ratio is 0.80(0.002152) = 0.00172; the initial enthalpy is 4.804 + 0.80(2.302) = 6.6456; the initial specific volume is 12.084 + 0.80(0.042) = 12.118. The degree of saturation at the.final state
may be determined from Equation 8 which may be rewritten as
A., +
+ Aw*(W* - uW.,) = h*
&
m
M
i-
Thermodynamics
63
the protractor on the chart (Fig. 16). From Equation 39
A -- Ai W,-Wx -- + A. = 7500
Therate of water supply was determined in Solution a, but will be found from the Cu8xt< Xv is
,, ,20,000
<?w =
(0.0055 - 0.0017)
= 6.28 lb per min Q = Gw(7500 - A.)
= 6J28(7500 - 23) =* 46,900 Btu per min.
Table 6. Pressure and Temperature for Altitudes in U. S. Standard Atmosphere
Fig. 16. Solution op Example 8 on A.S.H'.A.E. Psychrometbic Chart
The values of these properties are: A* = 35.39; W* = 0.01668; A,* = 39.61; h,,i = 90.70; W,, = 0.08149; A,, = 28.84.
Making the proper substitutions and solving for degree of saturation, ix = 0.0881.
The final humidity ratio is therefore 0.0681(0.08149) = 0.005549; the final enthalpy is 28.84 + 0.0681(90.70) = 35.02 Btu per lb dry air.
The rate of water addition is obtained from Equation 38.
(Vj
(7. = -- (0.005549 - 0.00172) 12.12
= 6.32 lb per min.
The heat supplied is obtained from Equation 37. Q = Gi(Aj -- Ai) -- G,,A
= (35.02 _ 6.65) - 6.32(28.08) in irt '
46,667 Btu per min. Solution b: From the A.S.H.A.E. Chart. Locate the initial and final states on the chart and connect them with a straight line. Through the reference point on the chart, draw a line parallel to the line connecting the initial and final state points, the condition line, and read the value of the ratio (Ai -- ht')/(W, -- Wt) as 7500 from
Altitude Feet
z
- 1,000 - 500
0 + 500 + 1,000
+ 5,000 10,000 15.000 20.000 25,000
30.000 35.000 40.000 45.000 50.000
Pressure In. op Hg P
31.02 30.47 29.921 29.38 28.86
24.89 20.58 16.88 13.75 11.10
8.88 7.04 5.54 4.36 3.436
Temp f I
+62.6 +60.8 +59.0 +57.2 +55.4
+41.2 +23.4 + 5.5 -12.3 -30.1
-47.9 -6518 -67.0 -67.0 -67.0
The definition of the U. S. Standard Atmosphere is important to the air conditioning engineer as an essential standard of reference. The basic
assumptions in defining the Standard Atmosphere are:
1. There is a linear decrease in temperature T with altitude up to the limit of the isothermal atmosphere at 35,332 ft. Thus,
T = T0- 0.003566 Z 2. The air is dry. 3. Air is a perfect gas obeying the laws of Charles and Boyle:
(40)
PV = RT
4. Gravity is constant at all altitudes with the standard value. 5. The temperature of the isothermal atmosphere is --66 F. Standard values at sea level, which are part of the definition of the Standard Atmosphere, are:
Pressure Temperature
29.921 in. Hg 59 F