Document dYgJm06zyYVL1KoQ1Xxn1RpZb

22340 RULES AND REGULATIONS (xix) The equipment operator shall be instructed not to permit riders or observers on the machine unless ap proved seating and protection is provided. (xx) The equipment operator shall be instructed to shut down the engine when the equipment is stopped, apply brake locks and ground moving elements before he dismounts. (xxi) The equipment operator shall be instructed, when any equipment is trans ported from one job location to another, to transport it on a vehicle of sufficient rated capacity and the equipment shall be properly secured during transit.- (xxii) When any equipment is being moved or operated in the vicinity of an electric distribution line a minimum clearance of ten feet shall be maintained between the electric distribution line and all elements of the machine. (7) Explosives. Only trained and ex perienced personnel shall handle or use explosives. Usage shall comply with the requirements of 1910.109. (d> Equipment protective devices-- stationary and mobile equipment--(1) Operator's manual. There shall be an operator's manual or operating instruc tions with each machine. It will de scribe operation, maintenance, and safe practices. (2) Protective canopy. A protective canopy shall be provided for the operator of mobile equipment. It shall be so con structed as to protect the operator from injury due to falling trees or limbs, sap lings or branches which might enter the compartment side areas, and snapping winch lines or other objects. (i) The canopy shall be of adequate size so as not to impair the operator's movements. (ii> The canopy framework shall con sist of at least two arches, either trans verse or longitudinal. If transverse, one arch shall be installed behind the oper ator and one immediately in front of the operator. They shall be joined at the top by at least two longitudinal braces. There shall be two braces which shall act as deflecting guards extending from the iparting edge of the forward arch to the front part of the frame of the tractor. If longitudinal arches are used, they shall be extended from behind the operator to the front part of the frame and each arch shall have an intermediate support lo cated immediately ahead of the operator so that ingress or egress is not impeded. Regardless of the type of construction used, the fabrication and method of con necting to the tractor shall be of such design as to develop a strength equivalent to the upright members. (iii) The overhead covering shall be of solid material and extend the full width of the canopy. (iv) The lower portion of cab shall be completely enclosed with solid material, except at entrances, to prevent the oper ator from being injured from obstacles entering the cab. (v> The upper rear portion of cab shall be fully enclosed with open mesh mate rial with openings of such a size as to reject the entrance of an object larger than 1% inch in diameter. It shall pro vide maximum rearward visibility. (vi) Open mesh shall be extended for ward as far as possible from the rear comers of the cab sides so as to give the maximum protection against obstacles, branches, etc., entering the cab area. (vii) Deflectors shall also be installed ahead of the operator to deflect whipping saplings and branches. These shall be located so as to not impede ingress or egress from the compartment. (viii) The entrance opening of the canopy shall be not less than 52 inches in vertical height. (ix> Where glass is used it shall be safety glass. An approved substitute may be used. (a) An additional metal screen shall be used where glass alone is not ade quate operator protection. (b) Provision shall be made to clean glass to assure adequate visibility. (3) Guards. Guards shall be provided for exposed moving elements such as shafts, pulleys, belts, conveyors, and gears in accordance with 11910.219 and American National Standard Safety Code for Conveyors, Cableways, and Re lated Equipment, B20.1--1957. Guards shall be in place at all times machine is in operation. (4) Mufflers. Mufflers provided by the manufacturer or their equivalent shall be in place at all times the machine is in operation. (5) Guylines. Guylines shall be ar ranged in such manner that stresses will be imposed on not less than two guy lines. Stumps used for anchoring guy lines shall be carefully chosen as to posi tion and strength. They shall be tied back if necessary. Standing trees shall not be used for this purpose. (6) Stability and reliability. Crane and loader stability and boom reliability shall be in accordance with American National Standard Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks and Hoists Overhead and Gantry Cranes, B30.2.0--1967, and American National Standard Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks and Hoists-- Crawler, Locomotive, and Truck Cranes, B30.5--1968. (e) Pulpwood harvesting--(I) Fell ing, general, (i) Work areas shall be as signed such that a tree cannot fall into an adjacent work area. The recom mended distance between workers is twice the height of trees being felled. (ii) When trees may fall into public roads a flagman shall be assigned to di rect traffic. (iii) Workers shall be instructed not to approach a feller closer than twice the height of trees being felled until the feller has acknowledged the signal of approach. (iv) Lodged trees shall be pulled to the ground at first opportunity with me chanical equipment or animal. (v) Workers shall be instructed not to work under a lodged tree. (vi) Special precautions shall be taken to prevent felling trees into powerlines. (vii) If a tree does maka contact with a powerline the power company shall be notified immediately and all personnel shall remain clear of the area until power company personnel advises that conditions are safe. (2) Manual felling, (i) The feller shall be instructed to plan retreat path and clear path as necessary before cut is started. (ii) The feller shall be instructed to appraise situation for dead limbs, the lean of tree to be cut, wind conditions, location of other trees and other hazards and exercise proper precautions before cut is started. (iii) Undercuts shall be about onethird the diameter of the tree to guide tree and reduce possibility of splitting. (Local practice where small diameter trees are felled without being undercut is acceptable if the direction of fall is controlled by the practice.) (iv) Back or felling cut shall be paral lel to the inner edge of the undercut and approximately two inches higher than the undercut. (v) The saw shall be shut off before feller starts his retreat. (vi) On terrain where trees are likely to slide or roll fellers shall be instructed to fell trees from, the uphill side and arrange to keep uphill from previously felled trees. (3) Bucking, (i) Bucking on slopes shall be from the uphill side unless the log has been securely blocked to prevent rolling or swinging. (ii) Spring poles and trees under stress shall be cut so that employee is clear when the tension is released. (This is accomplished by cutting under the bend.) (iii) Trees piled for bucking shall be piled in an orderly parallel manner that minimizes hazard to employees. (4) Limbing. Spring poles and limbs under stress shall be cut in such a man ner that the employee is clear when ten sion is released. (5) Mechanical debarking and delimbing. Guarding shall be provided so as to protect employees from flying chunks, logs, chips, bark, limbs, and other mate rial and to prevent the worker from con tacting moving parts. (6) Skidding and prehauling, gen eral--(i) Only a designated, trained op erator shall operate a skid or prehaul machine. (ii) Choker setters shall work on up hill side of log. (iii) No passenger personnel shall ride on a prehaul vehicle, logs, pallets, skid pans or other load unless adequate seat ing and protection is provided except on animal powered wagons. (iv) Chokers shah be positioned near the end of the log or tree length to allow turning of the prehaul vehicle, to pre vent the penetration of the operator sta tion and to reduce possibility of striking the wheel or track. (v) During winching, the equipment shall be positioned so that the winch line is in alignment with the long axis of the prehaul machine. (vi) A stuck or inoperative vehicle shall be towed. A loaded pallet shall not be pushed. (vii) Stakes shall not be added to per mit a load beyond the rated capacity of pallets and trailers. BFG30513 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER IS, 1972 RULES AND REGULATIONS 22341 (viii) The operator shall be instructed to be observant and cautious of height of load and vehicle when traveling under trees, limbs, and other overhead ob structions. (7) Skidding and prehauling equip ment requirements, (i) Arches, fairleads, drawbars, hitches and bumpers or fend ers shall be designed and constructed to allow a minimum radius vehicle turn without the load contacting a rear tire or the rear of a track assembly. (ii) Towed equipment such as skid pans, pallets and trailers shall be at tached in such a manner as to allow a full 90 turn, prevent overrunning of the towed vehicle, and assure control of the towed equipment. (iii) Animal towed equipment shall be equipped with a hand brake within reach of the driver. (iv) Prehaulers shall have a means for securely staining pallets or pulp- wood. (v) Prehaulers shall have a means of securely retaining loader for transport when so equipped. (vi) Provision shall be made to se curely fasten and to protect all tools and material on the carrier. (8) Personnel transport, (i) The driver shall be properly licensed. (ii) Flammable liquids shall not be transported on personnel carriers unless a safe and adequate compartment is provided. (iii) Seats shall be securely fastened. (9) Off highway truck transport. Truck drivers shall be instructed to stop their vehicles, dismount, check and tighten loose load binders, either just be fore or immediately after leaving a pri vate road to enter a public road. (10) Manual loading, (i) The carrier shall be positioned to provide safe work ing clearance between carrier and pile. (11) Proper lifting techniques shall be used, i.e., straight back and bend knees. (iii) The stick shall be placed in the carrier in such manner that it is or will be properly secured. (iv) Manual handling shall be limited to a weight consistent with safe practices. (11) Machine loading, (i) Piles shall be located to provide a safe work area. (11) Only the machine operator and sllngman, where used, shall be in the work area. (iii) Hie load shall be positioned for balance and to prevent slippage or loss. Slings shall be placed to secure and bal ance the load. (12) Storage. Piles shall be located and constructed in a manner to provide safe working area around them. (13) Banding and piling bundles, (i) Steel bands in good condition shall be used. (ii) Bands shall be placed when bundle is close to ground. (ill) No part of the body shall be under the bundle at any time. Bundles shall be placed on runners. Bundles may be double stacked with top end bundle one half or more back from the lower rank end bundle. (14) Chipping (in-woods locations). (i) Access covers or doors shall not be opened until the dram cr disk is at a complete stop. (ii) Infeed and discharge ports shall 1910.267 Agricultural operations. be designed to prevent contact by per sonnel with disc, knives, or blower blades. (15) Roads and trials, general, (i) Roads shall be maintained and hazard ous conditions corrected. (ii) Where vision is limited warnings shall be posted. (iii) Curve radii shall be the maxi mum consistent with terrain. (iv) When nightwork is necessary ade quate lighting shall be provided. (a) (1) The standards referenced in the remaining subparagraphs of this paragraph apply to the indicated opera tions, whether or not they include as a part of, agricultural operations. (2) Sanitation in temporary labor camps-- 1910.142. (3) Storage and handling of anhy drous ammonia-- 1910.111 (a) *nd (b). (4) Pulpwood logging-- 1910.266. (v) Local road standards and maxi (5) Slow-moving vehicles-- 1910J45, mum weight of traffic expected shall be used as guides for materials, construc tion featimes and drainage. (16) Road and trail pioneering and earthwork. (i> Banks at the borrow area (b) Except to the extent specified in paragraph (a) of this section, the standards contained in Subparts B through S of this part do not apply to agricultural operations. shall be sloped to prevent slides. (ii) Backfill shall be adequately com pacted. (iii) Roadside banks shall be sloped or stabilized to prevent slides. (c) The development of standards having more general application to agri cultural operations will be the subject of study under section 6 of the Act. (iv) Overhanging banks, large rocks 1910.268 Sources of standards. and debris shall be removed or secured. Sec. Source (v) Where riprap is used the material 1910.261 -- ANSI Pl.l--1989, Safety Stand and design shall assure safe containment ard for Pulp, Paper, of material. Paperboard Mills. (vi) Trees or snags which may fall into the road shall be felled. (17) Road and trail drainage. (1) Drainage shall be provided to prevent washouts and landslides. 1910.264 ___ANSI Ll.i--1956, Textile Safety Code. 1910.263 ___ANSI Z50.1--1947, Safety Code for Bakery Equipment. 1910.262 ___ANSI Z8.1--1961, Safety Cbde for Laundry Machinery <mH (ii) Culverts shall be of adequate Operations. strength and of a size to handle maxi 1910.265 ___ANSI 02.1--1969, Safety ac mum runoff. quirements for Sawmills. (iii) Where necessary, ditches and 1910.266 ... ANSI 03.1--1970, Pulpwood banks shall be stabilized by vegetation, Logging Safety Standards. riprap or other adequate means. 1910.269 Standards organizations. (18) Road and trail surfacing. Road surface shall be properly compacted, graded and crowned. (19) Bridges, (i) Construction shall provide for maximum anticipated loads and side thrust with a substantial safety factor. (ii) Bridges shall be decked and Specific standards of the following organizations have been referenced in this subpart. Copies of the referenced standards may be obtained from the issuing organizations. The names addresses of the issuing organizations are as follows: curbed. American National Standards Institute (f) Effective dates. (1) The provisions of this i 1910.266 shall become effective on August 27,1971, except as provided in the remaining subparagraphs of this paragraph. (ANSI), 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018. National Eire Protection Association (NFPA), 60 Batterymarch Street, Boston, MA 02110. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Inc., United Engineering Center, 345 East (2) Paragraph (d) (2) of this section 47th Street, New York, NY 10017. shall become effective on February 15, Institute of Markers of Explosives, 420 Lex 1972. ington Avenue, New York, NY 10017. (3) Notwithstanding anything in sub- Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 207 East paragraph (1), (2), or (4) of this para Ohio Street, Chicago, il 60611. graph, any provision in any other para Subpdrt S--Electrical graph of this section which contains in itself a specific effective date or time 1910.308 Application. limitation shall become effective on such (a) General. Section 1910.309 adopts date or shall apply in accordance with as a national consensus standard the such limitation. National Electrical Code NFPA 70-1971; (4) Notwithstanding anything in sub- ANSI Cl-1971 (Rev, of 1968), which is paragraph (1) of this paragraph, if any incorporated by reference in, this sub standard in 41 CFR Part 50-204, other part. than a national consensus standard in (b) Purpose of the National Electrical corporated by reference in 50-204.2 Code. (1) The purpose of the National (a) (1), is or becomes applicable at any Electrical Code is the practical safe time to any employment and place of em guarding of any persons and of buildings ployment, by virtue of the Walsh-Healey and their contents from hazards arising Public Contracts Act, or the Service Con from the use of electricity for light, heat, tract Act of 1965, or the National Foun power, radio, signaling, and for other dation on Arts and Humanities Act of purposes. The standards contained 1965, any corresponding established Fed eral standard in this 1910.266 which Is derived from 41 CFR Part 40-204 shall therein are occupational safety nij health standards to the extent that they also become effective, and shall be appli safeguard any person who is an employee cable to such employment and place of of an employer. >\) .V* C/1 ^ employment, on the same date. - (2) The National Electrical Code con- No. 202--Ft. U---- 31 FEDERAL RE< ISTER, VOL 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 22342 RULES AND REGULATIONS tains basic minimum provisions consid ered necessary for safety. (C) Scope--(1) Covered. The provi sions of this Subpart S cover electrical installations and utilization equipment installed or used within or on public and private buildings, structures and other premises including: (1) Yards. (ii) Carnivals, Cili) Parking lots, (iv) Mobile homes, Cv) Recreational vehicles, (vi) Conductors that connect an in stallation to a supply of electricity, and (vii) Other outside conductors adja cent to the premises. (2) Not covered. The provisions of this subpart do not cover: (1) Installations in ships, watercraft, railway rolling stock, aircraft or auto motive vehicles, (ii) Installations underground in mines, (iii) Installations of railways for gen eration, transformation, transmission, or distribution of power used exclusively for operation of rolling stock or installations used exclusively for signaling and com munication purposes, (iv) Installations of communication equipment under exclusive control of communication utilities, located outdoors or in building spaces used exclusively for such installation, or (v) Installations under the exclusive control of electric utilities for the pur pose of communication, metering or for the generation, control, transformation, transmission, and distribution of electric energy, located in buildings used exclu sively by the utilities for such purposes or located outdoors on property owned or leased by the utilities or on public highways, streets, roads, etc., or outdoors by established rights on private property. (d) Definitions applicable to this Sub part S--(1) Approved. Some provisions of the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70-1971; ANSI Cl-1971 (Rev. of 1968), which is adopted in this Subpart S, re quire installations or equipment to be approved. In Article 100 of the Code, "ap proved" is defined to mean "acceptable to the authority enforcing this Code." The authority enforcing the Code under sub part S is the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health. The definitions in this subsection indicate what is acceptable to the Assistant Secre tary of Labor, and therefore approved within the meaning of the Code as in corporated in this subpart S. (2) Acceptable. An installation or equipment is acceptable to the Assistant Secretary of Labor, and approved within the meaning of this Subpart S: (i) If it is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled, or otherwise determined to be safe by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, such as, but not limited to. Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. and Fac tory Mutual Engineering Corp.; or (ii) with respect to an installation or equip ment of a kind which no nationally recognized testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels, or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another Federal agency, or by a State, municipal, or other local authority responsible for enforcing occupational safety provisions Sections--Continued: of the National Electrical Code, and 400-3 (a) and (b). Flexible Cords and found in compliance with the provisions Cable, Uses. of the National Electrical Code as applied in 1910.309; or (iii) with respect to custom-made equipment or related installations which are designed, fabri cated for, and intended for use by, a particular customer, if it is determined 400-4 400-5 400-9 Flexible Cords and Cable Prohibited. Flexible Cords and Cables. Splices. Overcurrent Protection and Ampacities of Flexible Cords. to be safe for its intended use by its man 400-10 Full at Joints and Ter ufacturer on the basis of test data which the employer keeps and makes available for inspection to the Assistant Secre tary and his authorized representatives. (3) For purposes of subparagraph (2) 422-8 ......................... 422-9 minals of Flexible Cords and Cables. InstaUation of Appli ances with Flexible Cords. Installation of Portable of this paragraph: Immersion Heaters. (i) Listed. Equipment is "listed" if it is of a kind mentioned in a list which, (a) is published by a nationally recog nized laboratory which makes periodic inspection of the production of such equipment, and (b) states such equip ment meets nationally recognized stand 422-10 422-11 _____________ 422-12 Install a tion Appli ances Adjacent to Combustible Mate rial. Stands for Portable Appliances. Signals for Heated Ap pliances. ards or has been tested and found safe for use in a specified manner; (ii) Labeled. Equipment is "labeled" if there is attached to it a label, sym bol, or other identifying mark of a na tionally recognized testing laboratory which, (a) makes periodic inspections of the production of such of equipment, 422-14 422-15 (a). and (c). 110-14 (a) (b). 110-17 (a). and (c). 110-18 (b). and Water Heaters. Installation of Infrared Lamp and Industrial Heating Appliances. Electric Connection. (b). Grounding Live Part. Arcing Parts. and (b) whose labeling indicates com pliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine safe use in a specified manner; (iii) Accepted. An installation is "ac cepted" if it has been inspected and found by a nationally recognized testing 110-21 110-22 240-16 (a). (b). (o), and (d) 240-19 (a) and (b). Marking. Identification. Location in Premises for Overcurrent Pro tection Devices. Guarding of Arcing or Suddenly Moving Parts of Overcurrent laboratory to conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes; (iv) Certified. Equipment is "certi fied" if it, (a) has been tested and found by a nationally recognized testing lab oratory to meet nationally recognized standards or to be safe for use in a speci fied manner, or (b) is of a kind whose 250-3 (a) and (b). 250-5 (a), (b), and (c). 250-7 250-42 (a), (b), Protection Devices. D.C. System Ground ing. A.C. Circuits and Sys tems To Be Ground ed. Circuits Not To Be Grounded. Fixed Equipment production is periodically inspected by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, and (c) it bears a label, tag, or other record erf certification; (v) Utilization equipment. Utilization equipment means equipment which uti (c). and (d). 250-43 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), <g), (h),and (1). 250-44 (a), (b), (c), (d).and (e). 250-45 (a), (b), Grounding, General. Fixed Equipment Grounding, Specific. Nonelectrical Equip ment, Grounding. Equipment Connected lizes electric energy for mechanical, (c), and (d). by Cord and Plug, chemical, heating, lighting, or similar useful purpose. 1910.309 National Electrical Code. 430-142 (a), (b), (c). and (d). 430-143 Grounding. Stationary Motor, Grounding. Portable Motors, (a) The requirements contained in the following articles and sections of the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70-1971; 250-50 (b>. 250-51 (a) and Grounding. Equipment Grounding Connections. Effective Grounding. ANSI Cl-1971 (Rev. of 1968) shall ap 250-57 (a) and Fixed Equipment ply to all electrical installations and (b). Method of Ground utilization equipment: ing. 422-16 Appliance Grounding. Articles: 422-17 Installation of Wall- 500 ..... Hazardous Locations. mounted Ovens and 501 ....... ... Class 1 Installations Counter - mounted (Hazardous Loca Cooking Units. 502 tions). Class n Installations (b) Every new electrical installation (Hazard ous Loca and all new utilization equipment in tions) . stalled after March 15, 1972, and every 503 ___........... Class in Installations replacement, modification, or repair or Sections: 250-58 (a) (b). 250-59 (a), (Hazardous Loca tions). and Equipment on Structural Metal. (b), Portable and/or Cord rehabilitation, alter March 15, 1972, of any part of any electrical installation or utilization equipment installed before March 15, 1972, shall be installed or made, and maintained, in accordance and (c), Connected and Plug Connected Equipment. Ground ing Method. with the provisions of the 1971 National Electrical Code, NFPA 70-1971; ANSI Cl-1971 (Rev. of 1968). FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 RULES AND REGULATIONS 22339 rangement with relation to other iterials, under tension. (24) Undercut. The term "undercut" means a notch cut in a tree to guide the tree in felling. (25) Widow maker. The term "widow maker" means an overhanging limb or section of tree which could become dis lodged and drop to the ground (see also "lodged tree") (26) Wood hook. The terms "wood hook" and "pulp hook" mean a device to be held in one hand which is fitted with a pointed section. The device is used to assist in the manual piling and handling of bolts of wood (see Pickaroon). (c) General requirements--(1) Clothing, personal protective devices, and first aid. (1) Gloves shall be provided for use when working with wire rope in any form. (ii) Safety boots or shoes (excluding low cut shoes) shall be provided in ac cordance with American National Stand ard for Men's Safety-Toe Footwear, 241.1--1067. (iii) Safety helmets of approved de sign in accordance with American Na tional Standard for Safety Requirements for Industrial Head Protection, Z89.1-- 1969 shall be provided. (iv) Eye or face protection In accord ance with American National Standard for Practice for Occupational and Edu cational Eye and Face Protection, Z87.1-- 1968 shall be provided for use where chips nd sawdust or flying particles are esent. (v) Dust masks in accordance with American National Standard Practices for Respiratory Protection 288.2--1969 shall be provided for use where conditions warrant. (vi) Protection against the effects of noise exposure shall be provided when the sound levels exceed those shown in Table G-16 of 1910.95 when measured on the A scale of a standard sound level meter at slow response. (vii) First aid kits sufficient for the number of employees shall be provided at the work site and on all transport vehicles. In all areas where poisonous snakes may exist, snake bite kits shall be a part of the regular first aid equip ment. First aid kits shall be regularly inspected and replenished. (2) Handtools. (i) The employer shall be responsible for the safe condition of tools when furnished by him and user shall inspect tool to assure safe condition. (ii) Handles shall be sound, straight and tight fitting. (iii) Driven tools shall be dressed to remove any mushrooming. (iv) Cutting tools shall be kept sharp and properly shaped. (v) Wood hooks and pickaroons of good grade steel shall be used. (vi) Tools shall be used for purposes for which they were designed. (vii) Hands tools shall be sheathed or )xed if transported in a vehicle with personnel. If not contained in a box, the sheathed tools shall be fastened to the vehicle. (viii) Proper storage facilities shall be (x) Chain saw operators shall be in provided for hand tools. Tools shall be structed to carry the saw in a manner to stored in the provided location at all prevent contact with the chain and times when not in use. muffler. (ix) Periodic inspections shall be made (xi) Chain saw operators shall be in to assure all tools are serviceable and structed not to use the saw to cut di others removed from use. rectly overhead or at a distance that (3) Environmental conditions, (i) All would require the operator to relinquish work shall terminate and employees a safe grip on the saw. moved to a place of safety during electri (6) Stationary and mobile equipment cal storms and periods of high winds or operation, (i) Equipment operators shall other unusual weather conditions are be instructed as to the manufacturers dangerous to personnel. recommendations for equipment opera (ii) Dead, broken, or rotted limbs or tion, maintenance, safe practices, and trees that are a hazard (widow makers) site operating procedures. shall be felled or otherwise removed be (ii) Equipment shall be kept free of fore commencing logging operations, flammable material. building roads, trails or landing, in their (iii) Equipment shall be kept free of vicinity. any material which might contribute to (4) Work areas, (i) All persons shall slipping and falling. be instructed to work within the vocal (iv) Engine of equipment shall be shut range of other workmen unless a proce down during fueling, servicing, and re dure has been established for periodically pairs except where operation is required checking their location and welfare. for adjustment. (ii) All men shall be accounted for (v) Equipment shall be inspected for at the end of each work day. evidence of failure or incipient failure. (Hi) An approved (Underwriters Labo (vi) The equipment operator shall be ratories or Factory Mutual Engineering instructed to walk completely around Corp.) fire extinguisher shall be provided machine and assure that no obstacles or at locations where machines are operat personnel are in the area before startup. ing and/or on each vehicle. (vii) The equipment operator shall be (iv) Fuel shall be stored only in ap instructed to start and operate equip proved (Underwriters Laboratories or ment only from the operator's station or Factory Mutual Engineering Corp.) from safe area recommended by the well-marked containers located for safe manufacturer. access for fueling vehicles and equipment (viii) Seat belt shall be provided on and at a safe distance from all fire mobile equipment. hazards. (ix) The equipment operator shall be (5) Chain saw operations. (1) Chain instructed to check all controls for proper saw operators shall be instructed to daily function and response before starting inspect the saws daily to assure that all working cycle. handles and guards are in place and (x) The equipment operator shall be tight, that all controls function properly, instructed to ground or secure all mova and that the muffler is operative. ble elements when not in use. (ii) Chain saw operators shall be in (xi) The equipment operator shall be structed to follow manufacturer's in advised of the load capacity and operat structions as to operation and adjust ing speed of the equipment. ment. (xii) The equipment operator shall be (iii) Chain saw operators shall be In advised of the stability limitations of structed to fuel the saw only in safe tiie equipment. areas and not under conditions conducive (xiii) The equipment operator shall be to fire such as near men smoking, hot instructed to maintain adequate distance engine, etc. from other equipment and personnel. (iv) Chain saw operators shall be in (xiv) Where signalmen are used, the structed to hold the saw with both hands equipment operator shall be instructed during operation. to operate the equipment only on signal (v) Chain saw operators shall be in from the designated signalman and structed to start the saw at least 10 only when signal Is distinct and clearly feet away from fueling area. understood. (vi) Chain saw operators shall be in (xv) The equipment operator shall be structed to start the saw only on the instructed not to operate movable ele ground or when otherwise firmly sup ments (boom, grapple, load, etc.) close ported. to or over personnel. (vii) Chain saw operators shall be in (xvi) The equipment operator shall be structed to be certain of footing and to instructed to signal his intention before clear away brush which might interfere operation when personnel are in or near before starting to cut. the working area. (viii) Chain saw operators shall be (xvii) The equipment operator shall Instructed not to use engine fuel for be instructed to dismount and stand starting fires or as a cleaning solvent. clem: for all loading and unloading of his (ix) Chain saw operators shall be in mobile vehicle by other mobile equip structed to shut off the saw when carry ment. The dismounted operator shall be ing it for a distance greater than from visible to loader operator. tree to tree or in hazardous conditions (xvili) The equipment operator shall such as slippery surfaces or heavy under be instructed to operate equipment in a brush. Hie saw shall be at idle speed manner that will not place undue shock when carried short distances. loads on wire rope. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 BFG30512 22338 RULES AND REGULATIONS strutted upon solid foundations to pre vent tracts from sagging. (2) Passageways. A passageway shall Be provided to give adequate clearance on at least one side or in the center of endpiled kilns and on two sides of cross-piled kilns. (3) Doors--Ci) Main kiln doors. (a) Main kiln doors shall be provided with a method of holding them open while kiln is being loaded. (b) Counterweights on vertical lift doors shall be boxed or otherwise guarded. (c) Adequate means shall be provided to firmly secure main doors, when they are disengaged from carriers and hang ers, to prevent toppling. (iilEscape doors, (a) If operating procedures require access to kilns, kilns shall be provided with escape doors that operate easily from the inside, swing in fee direction of exit, and are located in or near the main door at the end of the passageway. (b) Escape doors shall be of adequate height and width to accommodate an average size man. (4) Pits. Pits shall be well ventilated, drained, and lighted, and shall be large enough to safely accommodate the kiln operator together with operating devices such as valves, dampers, damper rods, and traps. (5) Steam mains. All high-pressure steam mains located in or adjacent to an operating pit shall be covered with heat-insulating material. (6) Ladders. A fixed ladder, in accord ance with the requirements of 1910.27 or other adequate means shall be pro vided to permit access to the roof. Where controls and machinery are mounted on fee roof, a permanent stairway with standard handrail shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of 1910.24. (7) Chocks. A means shall be provided for chocking or blocking cars. (8) KUn tender room. A warm room shall be provided for kiln employees to stay in during cold weather after leaving a hot kiln. (9) Mechanical equipment. All belts, pulleys, blowers, and other exposed mov ing equipment used in or about kilns shall be guarded in accordance with the requirements of f 1910.219. (g) Personal protective equipment. The requirements for personal protective equipment specified in subpart I shall be complied with. (h) Sanitation requirements. The re quirements of 1910.141 shall govern sanitation practices. (i) Fire protection. The requirements of Subpart L of this part shall be com plied with in providing the necessary fire protection for sawmills. <j> Effective dates. (1) The provisions of this 1910.265 shall become effective on August 27, 1971, except as provided in the remaining subparagraphs of this paragraph. (2) The following provisions shall be come effective on February 15,1972: 1910.265 (c) (12), (c) (15), and (c) (30) (Iv). (3) Notwithstanding subparagraph (1), (2), or (4) of this paragraph, any provision in any other paragraph of this section which contains in itself a specific effective date or time limitation shall become effective on such date or shall apply in accordance with such limitation. (4) Notwithstanding anything in sub paragraph (1) of this paragraph, if any standard in 41 CFR Part 50-204, other than a national consensus standard incorporated by reference in 50-204,2 (a) (1), is or becomes applicable at any time to any employment and place of employment, by virtue of the WalshHealey Public Contracts Act, or the Serv ice Contract Act of 1965, or the National Foundation on Arts and Humanities Act of 1965, any corresponding established Federal standard in this 1910.265 which is derived from 41 CFR Part 50-204 shall also become effective, and shall be appli cable to such employment and place of employment, on the same date. 1910.266 Pulpwood logging. (a) Application--(1) General. This section applies to pulpwood logging oper ations including but not limited to the operations of felling, limbing, marking, bucking, loading, skidding, prehauling and other operations associated with the preparation and movement of pulpwood timber from the stump to the point of delivery. The provisions of this section do not apply to logging operations re lating- to sawlogs, veneer bolts, poles, pil ing and other forest products. (2) Standards incorporated by refer ence. Standards covering issues of occu pational safety and health which are of general application without regard to any specific industry are incorporated by reference in paragraphs of this section and made applicable to pulpwood logging. All such standards shall be construed ac cording to the rules of construction set out in 1910.05. (b) Definitions applicable to this sec tion--(1) Arch. The term "arch" means an extension to rear section of a vehicle used in skidding used to raise the for ward part of a load clear of the ground. (2> Back cut (.felling cut). The term "back cut" means the final cut in a fell ing operation made on the opposite side from the undercut. (3) Backfill. The term "backfill" means excavated material used to build up a road higher than the original level. (4) Ballistic nylon. The term "ballistic nylon" means a fabric of high tensile properties designed to provide protection from lacerations. (5 > Borrow. The term "borrow" means road construction material which is taken to another location for use. The source area is called "borrow pit." (6> Buck. The term "buck" means the process of severing a tree into sections (logs or bolts). (7' Choker. The term "choker" means a length of wire rope or chain with a loop or noose at one end used to secure trees or sections of trees for skidding. (8) Debark. The term "debark" means the action of removing bark from trees or sections of trees. Debark generally de notes mechanical means as opposed to manual peeling. Synonyms are "bark" and "barking". (9) Fairlead. The term "fairlead" means an arrangement of horizontal, and sometimes vertical, rollers usually mounted at the end of an arch to allow free play of wire rope during winching. (10) Fell. The term "fell" means the process of severing a tree from the stump so that it drops to the ground. Note that "fell" and "feller" are used in this stand ard. The terms "fall" and "faller" are commonly used in the Western United States and they have the same meaning as "fell" and "feller". (U) Grade (see slope). The term "grade" means the slope of a surface such as a roadway. Also, the elevation of a real or planned surface or structure. (12) Guarded. The term "guarded" means protected by a cover, shield, rail, or other device, or by location, so as to reduce fee probability of injury. (13) Guyline. The term "guyline" means a line used to stay or support spar trees, booms, etc. (14) Landing. The term "landing" means any area where wood is concen trated. It is also called "yard," "deck," "brow." (15) Lodged tree. The term "lodged tree" means a tree that has not fallen to the ground after being partly or wholly separated from its stump or otherwise displaced from its natural position. (16) Pickaroon. The term "pickaroon" means a device with a head similar to an axe but with a point rather than a blade mounted on the end of a handle which is used to assist in the lilting and place ment of bolts of wood. (17) Prehaul. The term "prehaul" means the hauling of forest products by off-the-road vehicles, nonhighway trans port, or other movement prior to highway or rail movement, where the pulpwood travels clear of the ground. The term "forward" has the same meaning. (18) Riprap. The term "riprap" means rock, metal stripping, or wooden timbers used to contain and stabilize earth embankments and fills. (19) Root wad. The term "root wad" means the ball of roots which extends above ground level when a tree is pushed over by wind or other means. (20) Skid. The term "skid" means the movement of bolts, logs, or trees by pull ing or towing across the terrain. It may be accomplished by a stationary ma chine, a moving vehicle, or animal. The term is also called "yarding". The definitive feature is contact between the terrain and the product during movement. (21) Slope (.see grade). The term "slope" is a term of measurement in per cent and means the increase in height over the distance measured. An increase of 1 foot over a distance of 5 feet is expressed as a 20 percent slope. (22) Snag. The term "snag" means any dead standing tree or portion thereof remaining standing. (23) Spring pole. The term "spring pole" means a section of tree, sapling, limb, etc. which is, by virtue of its ar- BFG3051] FEDERAL REGISTER VOL. 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 RULES AND REGULATIONS 22343 22344 RULES AND REGULATIONS RULES AND REGULATIONS 22337 (4) Mechanical barkers--(i) Rotary be taken to insure that all persons are in <d) Feed belts and drive pulleys shall barkers. Rotary barking devices shall be the clear. be guarded in accordance with the re guarded as to protect employees from (ii) Bandsaw wheels, (a) No bandsaw quirements of 1910.219. mg chips, bark, or other extraneous wheel shall be run at a peripheral speed (e> Feed rolls shall be guarded. material. in excess of that recommended by the (/) Each circular gang resaw, except (ii) Elevating ramp. If an elevating manufacturer. The manufacturer's rec self-feed saws with a live roll or wheel ramp or gate is used, it shall be provided ommended maximum speed shall be at back of saw, shall be provided with with a safety chain, hook, or other means stamped in plainly legible figures on some spreaders. of suspension while employees are portion of ihe wheel. (iii) Sash gang resales. Sash gang re underneath. (b) Band head saw wheels shall be saws shall meet the safety specifications (ill) Area around barkers. The haz subjected to monthly inspections. Hubs, of whole-log sash gang saws in accord ardous area around ring barkers and spokes, rims, bolts, and rivets shall be ance with the requirements of subpara their conveyors shall be fenced off or thoroughly examined in the course of graph (2) (v) of this paragraph. posted as a prohibited area for unau such inspections. A loose or damaged (4) Trimmer saws--(i) Maximum thorized persons. hub, a rim crack, or loose spokes shall speed. Trimmer saws shall not be run at (iv) Enclosing hydraulic barkers. Hy make the wheel unfit for service. peripheral speeds in excess of those rec draulic barkers shall be enclosed with (e) Band wheels shall be completely ommended by the manufacturer.- ` strong baffles at the inlet and outlet. The encased or guarded, except for a portion (ii) Guards, (a) Trimmer saws shall operator shall be protected by adequate of the upper wheel immediately around be guarded in front by adequate baffles to safety glass or equivalent. the point where the blade leaves the protect against flying debris and they (v) Holddown rolls. Holddown rolls wheel, to permit operator to observe shall be securely bolted to a substantial shall be installed at the infeed and out- movement of equipment. Necessary frame. These guards for a series of saws feed sections of mechanical ring barkers ventilating and observation ports may be shall be set as close to the top of the to control the movement of logs. permitted. Substantial doors or gates are trimmer table as is practical. (e) Log breakdown and related ma allowed for repair, lubrication, and saw (b) The end saws on trimmers shall chinery and facilities--(1) Log carriages changes; such doors or gates shall be be guarded. and carriage runways--(i) Bumpers. A closed securely during operation. Band (c) The rear of trimmer saws shall substantial stop or bumper with ade head rigs shall be equipped with a saw have a guard the full width of the saws quate shock-absorptive qualities shall be catcher or guard of substantial and as much wider as practical. installed at each end of the carriage construction. (iii) Safety stops. Automatic trimmer runway. (iii) Single circular head saws, (a) saws shall be provided with safety stops <ii) Footing. Rider-type carriages Circular head saws shall not be operated or hangers to prevent saws from dropping shall be floored to provide secure foot at speeds in excess of those specified by on table. ing and a firm working platform for the the manufacturer. Maximum speed shall (5) Edgers--(i) Location, (a) Where block setter. be etched on the saw. vertical arbor edger saws are located (iii) Sheave housing. Sheaves on rope- (b) Circular head saws shall be ahead of the main saw, they shall be so driven carriages shall be guarded at floor equipped with safety guides which can guarded that an employee cannot con line with substantial housings. be readily adjusted without use of hand tact any part of the edger saw from his (iv) Carriage control. A positive tools. normal position. ans shall beprovided to prevent unin (c) The upper saw of a double circu (b) Edgers shall not be located in the tended movement of the carriage. This lar mill shall be provided with a sub main roll case behind the head saws, may involve a control locking device, a stantial hood or guard. A screen or other (ii) Guards, (a) The top and the carriage tie-down, or both. suitable device shall be placed so as to openings in end and side frames of edgers (v) Barriers arid warning signs. A bar protect the sawyer from flying particles. shall be adequately guarded and gears rier shall be provided to prevent employ (d) All circular sawmills where live and chains shall be fully housed. Guards ees from entering the space necessary for rolls are not used behind the head saw may be hinged or otherwise arranged to travel erf the carriage, with headblocks shall be equipped with a spreader wheel permit oiling and the removal of saws. fully receded, for the full length and ex or splitter. (b) All edgers shall be equipped with treme ends erf carriage runways. Warn (iv) Twin circular head saws. Twin pressure feed rolls, ing signs shah be posted at possible entry circular head saw rigs such as scrag saws (c) Pressure feed rolls on edgers shall points to this area. shall meet the specifications for single be guarded against accidental contact. (vi) Overhead clearance. For a rider- circular head saws in subdivision (iii) (iii) Antikickback devices, (a) Edgers type carriage adequate overhead clear of this subparagraph where applicable. shall be provided with safety fingers or space above the carriage deck shall be (v) Whole-log sash gang sates (Swed other approved methods of preventing provided for the full carriage runway ish Gangs), (a) Cranks, pitman rods, kickbacks or guarding against them. A length. and other moving parts shall be ade barricade in line with the edger, if prop (vii) Sweeping devices. Carriage track quately guarded. erly fenced off, may be used if safety sweeping devices shall be used to keep (b> Feed rolls shall be enclosed by a fingers are not feasible to install. track rails dear of debris. cover over the top, front, and open ends (b) A controlling device shall be in (viii) Dogs. Dogging devices shall be except where guarded by location. Drive stalled and located so that the operator adequate to secure logs, cants, or boards, mechanism to feed rolls shall be enclosed. can stop the feed mechanism without during sawing operations. (c) Carriage cradles of whole-log releasing the tension of the pressure rolls. (2) Head saws--(i) Band head saws. sash gang saws (Swedish gangs), shall be (iv) Operating speed of live roUs. Live (a) Band head saws shall not be operated of adequate height to prevent logs from rolls and tailing devices in back of edger at speeds in excess of those recom kicking out while being loaded. shall operate at a speed not less than the mended by the manufacturer. (3) Resaws--(i) Band resaws. Band speed of the edger feed rolls. (b) Band head saws shall be thor resaws shall meet the specifications for (6) Planers--(1) Guards, (a) All cut oughly inspected for cracks, splits, band head saws as required by subpara ting heads shall be guarded. broken teeth, and other defects. A band graph (2) (1) of this paragraph. (b) Side head hoods shall be of suffi saw with a crack greater than one-tenth (ii) Circular gang resaws, (a) Banks cient height to safeguard the head the width of the saw shall not be placed of circular gang resaws shall be guarded setscrew. in service until width of saw is.reduced to by a hood. (c) Pressure feed rolls and "pine eliminate crack, until cracked section is (b) Circular gang resaws shall be pro apples*' shall be guarded. removed, or crack development is vided with safety fingers or other anti- <d) Levers or controls shall be so ^topped. kickback devices. arranged or guarded as to reduce the (c) Provisions shall be made for alert- (c) Circular gang resaws shall not be possibility of accidental operation. -g and warning employees before start operated at speeds exceeding those rec (/) Dry kilns and facilities--(1) Kihi ing band head saws, and measures shall ommended by the manufacturer. foundations.. Dry kilns shall be con- ,^federal*register;*vol 37 no. 202--Wednesday, October is, .1972 BFG30530- 22336 RULES AND REGULATIONS in the event the control switch is not (/) When logs are unloaded with (v) Dry deck storage, (o) Dry deck released in time. peavys or similar manual methods, storage areas shall be kept orderly and <d) When forklift-type machines are means shall be provided and used that shall be maintained in a condition which used to load trailers, a means of securing will minimize the danger from rolling or is conducive to safe operation of mobile the loading attachment to the fork shall swinging logs. equipment. be installed and used. . <g) Guardrails, walkways, and stand (t>) Logs shall be stored in a safe and (e) A-frames and similar log unload ard handrails shall be installed orderly manner, and roadways and traf ing devices shall have adequate height to (ft) Approved life rings (see: 46 CPR fic lanes shall be maintained at a width provide safe clearance for swinging loads 160.099 and 46 CFR 160.050) with line adequate for safe travel of log handling and to provide for adequate crotch lines attached and maintained to retain buoy equipment. and spreader bar devices. ancy shall be provided. (c) Logs shall be arranged to mini (/) Log handling machines used to (hi) Log booms and ponds. (u) Walk mize the chance of accidentally rolling stack logs or lift loads above operator's ways and floats shall be. installed and from the deck. head shall be equipped with adequate overhead protection. () All mobile log handling machines shall be equipped with headlights and securely anchored to provide adequate passageway for employees. (b) All regular boom sticks and foot logs shall be reasonably straight, with (vi) Log hauls and slips, (a) Walk ways along log hauls shall have a stand ard handrail on the outer edge, and cleats or other means to assure adequate backup lights. no protruding knots and bark, and shall footing and enable employees to walk (ft) Unloading devices shall be be capable of supporting, above the clear of the log chute. equipped with a horn or other plainly water line at either end, the weight of (b) Log haul bull chains or cable shall audible signaling device. an employee and equipment. be designed, installed, and maintained (1) Movement of unloading equipment (c) Permanent cable swifters shall be to provide adequate safety for the work shall be coordinated by audible or hand signals when operator's vision is impaired or operating in the vicinity of other employees. ()) Wood pike poles shall be made of straight-grained, select material. Metal so arranged that it will not be necessary to roll boom sticks in order to attach or detach them. (d> Periodic inspection of cable or dogging lines shall be made to deter mine when repair or removal from serv need. (c) Log haul gear and bull chain drive mechanism shall be guarded. <d) Substantial troughs for the return strand of log haul chains shall be pro vided over passageways. or conductive pike poles shall not be used around exposed energized electrical conductors. Defective, blunt, or dull pike poles shall not be used. ice is necessary. (e) The banks of the log pond in the vicinity of the log haul shall be rein forced to prevent caving in. (e) Log haul controls shall be located and identified to operate from a position where the operator will, at all times, be in the clear of logs, machinery, lines, and (2) Log unloading and storage areas-- (/) Artificial log ponds shall be rigging. In operations where control is (i) General. <a) Log dumps, booms, drained, cleaned, and refilled when un by lever exposed to incoming logs, the ponds, or storage areas used at night healthy stagnation or pollution occurs. lever shall be arranged to operate the shall be illuminated in accordance with (.g) Employees whose duties require log haul only when moved toward the the requirements of American National them to work from boats, floating logs, log slip or toward the log pond. Standard AU.l--1965 (R^1970) stand boom sticks, or walkways along or on (/> A positive stop shall be installed ard Practice for Industrial Lighting. water shall be provided with and shall on all log hauls to prevent logs from (b) Log unloading areas shall be ar wear appropriate buoyant devices while traveling too far ahead in the milt. ranged and maintained to provide a safe performing such duties, ig) Overhead protection shall be pro working area. (ft) Stiff booms shall be two float logs vided for employees working below logs () Where skids are used, space ade wide secured by boom chains or other being moved to the log deck. quate to dear a man's body shall be connecting devices, and of a width ade (ft) Log wells shall be provided with maintained between the top of the skids quate for the working needs. Walking safeguards to minimize the possibility of and the ground. surfaces shall be free of loose material logs rolling back into well from log deck. (d) Signs prohibiting unauthorized and maintained in good repair, (3) Log decks--(i) Access. Safe access foot or vehicle traffic in log unloading (i) Boom sticks shall be fastened to to the head rig shall be provided. and storage areas shall be posted. gether with adequate crossties or cou (ii) Stops. Log decks shall be provided (ii) Waterlog dumps, (a) Ungrounded electrically powered hoists using hand held remote control in grounded loca tions, such as log dumps or mill log lifts, shall be actuated by circuits operating at less than 50 volts to ground. (t>) Roadbeds at log dumps shall be of sufficient width and evenness to insure safe operation of equipment. (c) An adequate brow log or skid tim bers or the equivalent shall be provided where necessary. Railroad-type dumps, when located where logs are dumped di rectly into water or where entire loads are lifted from vehicle, may be exempted providing such practice does not create a hazardous exposure of personnel or equipment. (d) Unloading lines shall be arranged so that it is not necessary for the em ployees to attach them from the pond or dump side of the load except when entire loads are lifted from the log-transporting vehicle. (e) Unloading lines, crotch lines, or plings. (}) Floating donkeys or other power- driven machinery used on booms shall be placed on a raft or float with enough buoyancy to keep the deck well above water. (fc> All sorting gaps shall have a sub stantial stiff boom on each side. (iv) Pond boats and rafts. The ap plicable provisions of the Standard for Fire Protection for Motorcraft, NFPA No. 302--1968, shall be complied with. (a) Decks of pond boats shall be cov ered with nonslip material. (b) Powered pond boats or rafts shall be provided with at least one approved fire extinguisher, and one lifering with line attached. (c) Boat fuel shall be transported and stored in approved safety containers (Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.). (d> Inspection, maintenance, and ventilation of the bilge area shall be pro vided to prevent accumulation of highly combustible materials. with adequate stops, chains, or other safeguards to prevent logs from rolling down the deck onto the carriage or its runway. (iii) Barricade. A barricade or other positive stop of sufficient strength to stop any log shall be erected between the sawyer's stand and the 1% deck. (iv) Loose chains. Loose chains from overhead canting devices or other equip ment shall not be allowed to hang over the log deck in such manner as to strike employees. (v) Swing saws. Swing saws on log decks shall be equipped with a barricade and stops for protection of employees who may be on the opposite side of the log haul chute. (vi) Drag saws. Where reciprocating log cutoff saws (drag saws) are pro vided, they shall not project into walk way or aisle. (vii) Circular cutoff saws. Circular log bucking or cutoff saws shall be so located> and guarded as to allow safe entrance* to and exit from the building. equally effective means shall be arranged (e) Adequate ventilation shall be pro (viii) Entrance doorway. Where the and used in a manner to minimize the vided for the cabin area on enclosed cutoff saw partially blocks the entrance possibility of any log from swinging or cabin-type boats to prevent accumula from the log haul runway, the entrance rolling back. tion of harmful gases or vapors. shall be guarded. BFG30529 FEDERAi REGISTER, VOL, -37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER IS, 1972 ?!., mill 111 Ii llSSllIilllllillil Sill! HIS I! fill ill! 11 g s' i ! I 22346 RULES AND REGULATIONS SgSgS S3 SS3 3SggS|gSSgS3 fUllfHss ss siaii 838888S8888?i S SiSSS gfSSSSSSSSSSgggg "3S2S2 88 8888 88888888888888 8888388 8 33388833 =5=22 2S SU2 g2 fsfraS s*^S g sS5 iSgSSS SSSSSg S2a SSS *53 isss :S5 |o,3 8*si' i>5|sIi I3<9 2 ;? ;f|c|^*K3is gfe*Bc=-gj3i c.&fao --"r;8 :8rr * fgl sS" *2 Sl?|| rft? g gfU jf S|S| s fig! " E"Qs? se :|r |if3 Ill - .11 - "sgi 88^3*411 IHr1 i|?$g jSbWm -- ffi*S '>111" .ftOfiQ ~IJ3lMfl'SKs*cH*H!l^ltt^f^-.$-fUs-. 3-p E4_EHf_HE_l_cslKEE&I3slcESflctS)|l8zlSofftffglieiggh.i-1i3l5lmgse.>.iwSw'njse<^l-lhoIoIoIwIWlli2l2iapMwM.ltHlo'isQ.i 2S.2.3I llll3 SjE?E ^?f8'5'S HZ U FEDERAL REGISTER, V O t. 3 7 , N O . 202-- WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1 8 , 1972 8TT8STO?: RULES (25) Reserved. (iv) Stic* (26) Mechanical stackers and unstack- shall be pro ;--(i) Power-transmission apparatus. sary to insi stackers and unstackers, shall have ah operating cc gears, sprockets, chains, belt drives, and (v) Sticker alignment. Stickers shall ping would endanger the operator, a other power transmission apparatus extend the full width of the package, substantial bulkhead shall be installed guarded as specified in 1910.219. shall be uniformly spaced, and shall be behind the operator's seat. This shall (11) Lumber lifting devices. Lumber aligned one above the other. Stickers may extend to the top of the operator's lifting devices on all stackers shall be be lapped with a minimum overlapping compartment, designed and arranged so as to minimise of 12 inches. Stickers shall not protrude (5) Stakes, stake pockets, racks, the possibility of lumber falling from more than 2 inches hevnnd t.hp sidps nf t.io'htenerK find Vijr>dcr? hsl' such devices. the package. adequate means to secure the load (iii> Blocking hoisting platform. Means (vi) Pile height. The height of unit against any movement during transit. shall be provided to positively block the package piles shall be dependent on the (c) Where rollers are used, at least hoisting platform when employees must dimensions of the packages and shall be two shall be equipped with locks which go beneath the stacker or unstacker such as to provide stability under normal shall be locked when supporting loads hoist. operating conditions. Adjacent, lumber duriner transit. (iv) Identifying controls. Every manu piles may b< ally operated control switch shall be tors to incre properly identified and so located as to (28) Lum be readily accessible to the operator. built and se (v) Locking main control switches. transit. Main control switches shall be so de (29) Burr . ... _______ _ signed that they can be locked in the burner stack is not self-supporting, it Highway Grade Crossing Protection) open position. shall be guyed or otherwise supported. should be utilized. (vi) Guarding side openings. The (ii) Runway. The conveyor runway to (ii) Restricted overhead clearance. All hoistway side openings at the top level the burner shall be equipped with a areas of restricted side or overhead clear of the stacker and unstacker shall be standard handrail. If the runway crosses ance shall be plainly marked. protected by enclosures of standard a roadway or thoroughfare, standard toe (iii) Pickup and unloadina nointa. railings. boards shall (vii) Guarding hoistway openings. (30) Vehi When the hoist platform or top of the shall includi load is below the working platform, the mally used ii hoistway openings shall be guarded. age, shippini (viii) Guarding lower landing area. (ii) Warn The lower landing area of stackers and restors. All vehicles shall be equipped (iv) Aisles, passageways, and road unstackers shall be guarded by enclo with audible warning signals and where ways. Aisles, passageways, and roadways sures that prevent entrance to the area practicable shall have spark arrestors. shall be sufficiently wide to provide safe r pit below the hoist platform. En (iii) Lights. All vehicles operated in side clearance. One-way aisles may be hances should be protected by . electri the dark or in poorly lighted areas shall used for two-way traffic if suitable turn cally interlocked gates which, when open, be equipped with head and tail lights. outs are provided. will disconnect the power and set the (iv) Overhead guard. All vehicles (d) Log handling, sorting, and stor hoist brakes. When the interlock is not operated in areas where overhead haz age--(1) Log unloading methods, equip installed, other positive means of pro ards exist shall be equipped with an ap ment, and facilities--(i) Uploading tecting the entrance shall be provided- proved overhead guard. See American methods, (a) Stakes and *hpcVg which ax) Inspection. Every stacker and un National Standard Safety Code for trip shall be constructed in such man stacker shall be inspected at frequent Powered Industrial Trucks, B56.1--1989. ner that the tripping mpohnnigm that intervals and all defective parts shall be (v) Platfc immediately repaired or replaced. ator is expo (x) Cleaning pits. Safe means of en trance and exit shall be provided to per mit cleaning of pits. (xi) Preventing entry to hazardous area. Where the return of trucks from unstacker to stacker is by mechanical power or gravity, adequate signs, warn ing devices, or barriers shall be erected to prevent entry into the hazardous area. (27) Lumber piling and storage--a) Pile foundations. In stacking units of lumber, pile foundations shall be de signed and arranged to support maxi mum loads without sinking, sagging, or permitting the piles to topple. In unit package piles, substantial bolsters or unit separators shall be placed between each package directly over the stickers. (U> Stacking dissimilar unit packages. Long units of lumber shall not be stacked upon shorter packages except where a stable pile can be made with the use of package separators. (iii> Unstable piles. Piles of lumber which have became unstable shall be im the vehicle platform gui arranged as from vehicle (vi) Exposed parts. Vehicle flywheels, gears, sprockets, chains, shear points, and other exposed parts constituting a hazard to the operator or other persons shall be guarded in accordance with the requirements of $ 1910.219. (vii) Operation in buildings. Vehicles powered by internal combustion engines shall not operate in buildings unless the buildings are adequately ventilated. (viii) Load limits. No vehicle shall be operated with loads exceeding its safe load capacity (ix) Braki equipped wit and controlli load upon i which they r (x) Lift trucfcs. juu trucks snail be designed, constructed, maintained, and ' operated in accordance with the require ments of i 1910.178. (c) Binders shall be released only from the side on which the unloader operates, except when released by remote control devices or except when person making release is protected by racks or stan chions or other equivalent means. (d) Loads on which a binder is fouled by the unloading machine shall have an extra binder or metal band of equal strength placed around the load, or the load shall be otherwise secured so the fouled binder can be safely removed. ucany operated log handling machines shall be equipped with a positive device for preventing the uncontrolled lowering of theload or forks in case of a failure in mediately" made safe, or the area into (xi) Carriers, (a) Carriers shall be so the hydraulic system. which they might fall shall be fenced or designed and constructed that the oper barricaded and employees prohibited ator's field i * ' " '* from entering it. necessarily r (c) A limit switch shall be installed on FEDERAL REGISTER VOt. 37, LRI'VJJUOUa equifjpeu wiui an cAxia-usi. oi wutcjwi system located and adjusted to remove the maximum amount of refuse from the point of operation and immediate mg bueae aui uctui'Cft. (iv) Walkways. Where needed, fuel houses and bins shall have a standard railed platform or walkway near the top. Hug;*-, iaobcumgs, anu uuier parts usea in connection with ropes and cables shall be of good quality and of proper size and strength, and shall be installed in sibility oi clogging, rney snouia De ac manuiacturer or within safe limits cessible for cleaning. recommended by the equipment manu (v) Dust chambers. Exhaust pipes facturer when used in conjunction shall not discharge into an unconfined with it. cables shall be performed only by quali fied persons, (b) All eye splices shall be made in an approved manner and wire rope thimbles entering any work area. Such chambers shall be constructed and operated to min imize the danger of fire or dust explosion, (vi) Hand removal of refuse. Provi- or fouling. (iii) Work by qualified persons. In stallation. inspection, maintenance, re pair. and testing of ropes, cables, slings. U-bolts shall have these bolts on the dead or short end of the rope. The U-bolt nuts shall be retightened immediately after initial load carrying use and at frequent suitable to be handled by the exhaust system. (21) Chippers--(i) Whole-log chip pers. The feed system to the chipper shall be inspected daily for evidence of over loading. excessive wear, or damage. Slings found to be defective shall be removed from servfoe. otherwise made secure against loosening. (e) Fittings. Hooks, shackles, rings, pad eyes, and other fittings that show 36 inches from the floor or the operator's platform. A safety belt and lifeline shall be worn by workmen when working at or near the snout unless the spout is enough to prevent workers from falling into the chipper. (11) Hogs. (a) Hog mills shall be so yielding surfaces of the load to be lifted. (v) .Ropes or cables. (a) Wire rope or cable shall be inspected when installed onri i-vr>r>o .eiV fKavsofta. nrhcn uv. xi> oua.ii Lie icmuvcu iruiu uuiobiug ur load-carrying service when kinked or when one of the following conditions exists: (b) Hog feed chutes shall be provided with suitable and approved baffles, which shall minimize material from being thmwn from thp mill (3) When nine broken wires are found in one lay of 6 by 37 wire rope. (4) When eight broken wires are to prevent cable from jumping the sheave. (?) Preventing abrasion. The reeving vs'At Mecnamcai power-transmission apparatus. The construction, operation, when 4 percent of the total number of and maintenance of all mechanical wires composing such rope are found to power-transmission apparatus shall be be broken in one lay. Initial use and weekly thereafter. (t>) Chain shall be normalized or an nealed periodically as recommended by th** manufacturer. bunkers, and hoppers whose upper carrying devices. (<2) Bolts or nails shall not be placed edges extend less than 3 feet above work- (c) The ratio between the rope diame- between two links to shorten or join ing level shall be equipped with standard ter and the drum, block, sheave, or pulley chains. (ii) Use of wheeled equipment to load drums, blocks, sheaves, or pulleys be re another and Inserting a bolt or nail to bins. Where automotive or other wheeled duced when replacing such items unless hold it. equipment is used to move materials into compensating changes are made for rope (x) Fiber rope, (a) Frozen fiber rope (iii) Exits, lighting, and safety de vices. Fuel houses and bins shall have adequate exits and lighting, and all necessary safety devices shall be pro- liable to injure rope. Drums, sheaves, or pulleys having eccentric bores or cracked hubs, spokes, or flanges shall be removed from service. (c) Fiber rope shall be protected from abrasion by padding where it is fastened or drawn over square comers or sharp or rough surfaces. BFG30507 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37 NO 203--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16 1972 RULES AND REGULATIONS 22347 g 22348 RULES AND REGULATIONS RULES AND REGULATIONS 22333 (4) Walkways, docks, and platforms-- (9) Lighting--(i) Adequacy. Illumi concentration of toxic dusts, fumes, Width. Walkways, docks, and plat- nation shall be provided and designed to vapors, mists or gases that exceed the as shall be of sufficient width to pro- supply adequate general and local light threshold limit values set forth by viae adequate passage and working areas. ing to rooms, buildings, and work areas 1910.93. (ii) Maintenance. Walkways shall be during the time of use. (ii) Protective equipment. The rise of evenly floored and kept in good repair. (ii) Effectiveness. Factors upon which chemicals shall be controlled so as to (iii) Docks. Docks and runways used the adequacy and effectiveness of illumi protect employees from harmful expo for the operation of lift trucks and other nation will be judged, include the follow sure to toxic materials. Where necessary, vehicles shall have a substantial guard or ing: employees shall be provided with and shear timber except where loading and (a) The quantity of light in foot- required to wear such protective equip unloading are being performed. candle intensity shall be sufficient for ment as will afford adequate protection (iv) Elevated walks. All elevated the work being done. against harmful exposure as required walks, runways, or platforms, if 4 feet (b) The quality of the light shall be by Subpart I of this part. or more from the floor level, shall be such that it is free from glare, and has (iii) Open surface tank operations. provided with a standard railing except correct direction, diffusion, and distribu Open surface tank operations shall con on loading or unloading sides of plat tion. form to the requirements of 1910.94(d). forms. If height exceeds 6 feet, a stand (c) Shadows and extreme contrasts (18) Conveyors--(i) Standards. Con ard toe board also shall be provided to shall be avoided or kept to a minimum. struction, operation, and maintenance of prevent material from rolling or falling (10) Ladders. Ladders shall be In conveyors shall be in accordance with off. stalled and maintained as specified In American National Standard B201__ (v) Elevated platforms. Where ele 5 1910.25, 1910.26, and 1910.27. 1957. vated platforms are used routinely on a daily basis they shall be equipped with stairways or fixed ladders in accordance with S 1910.27. (vi) Hazardous locations. Where re quired, walkways and stairways with standard handrails shall be provided in elevated and hazardous locations. Where such passageways are over walkways or work areas, standard toe boards shall be provided. (5) Stairways -- (i) Construction. Stairways shall be constructed in accord ance with S 1910.24. (ii) Handrails. Stairways shall be pro vided with a standard handrail on at le>ast one side or on any open side. Where irs are more than four feet wide there all be a standard handrail at each side, and where more than eight feet wide, a third standard handrail shall be erected in the center of the stairway. (iii) Lighting. All stairways shall be adequately lighted as prescribed in Subparagraph (9) of this paragraph. (6) Emergency exits including doors 07id fire escapes--(i) Opening. Doors shall not open directly on or block a flight of stairs, and shall swing in the direction of exit travel. (ii) Identification. Exits shall be lo cated and identified in a manner that af fords ready exit from all work areas. (iii) Swinging doors. All swinging doors shall be provided with windows; with one window for each section of double swinging doors. Such windows shall be of shatterproof or safety glass unless otherwise protected against break age. (iv) Sliding doors. Where sliding doors axe used as exits, an inner door shall be cut inside each of the main doors and arranged to open outward. (v) Barriers and warning signs. Where a doorway opens upon a railroad track or upon a tramway or dock over which vehicles travel, a barrier or other warn ing device shall be placed to prevent workmen from stepping into moving traffic.. (7) Air requirements. Ventilation whan be provided to supply adequate fresh faithful air to rooms, buildings, and ->rk areas. (11) Hazard marking. Physical hazard marking shall be as specified in 1910.144 of this part. (12) Electrical wiring and equipment. (i) All electrical equipment should be installed and maintained in accordance with requirements specified in Subpart S of this part. (ii) Repairs. Electrical repairs shall be made only by authorized and qualified personnel. (iii) Identification. Marks of identifi cation on electriac! equipment shall be clearly visible. (iv) Protective equipment. Rubber protective equipment shall be provided as required by 11910.137. (v) Open switches. Before working on electrical equipment, switches shall be open and shall be tagged, blocked, or locked out. (vi) Concealed conductors. Where electrical conductors are known to be concealed, no work shall be performed until such conductors are-located. (vti) Overload relays. Overload relays shall be reset by authorized qualified personnel only. (viii) Passageways to panels. Passage ways to switch centers or panels shall at all times be kept free from obstruction. Not less than 3 feet of clear space shall be maintained in front of switch centers or panels at all times. (ix) Bridging fuses. Doubling or bridg ing fuses shall be prohibited. (13) Hydraulic systems. Means shall be provided to block, chain, or otherwise secure equipment normally supported by hydraulic pressure so as to provide for safe maintenance. (14) Liquefied petroleum gas storage and handling. Storage and handling of liquified petroleum gas shall be in ac cordance with the requirements of 5 1910.110. (15) Gas piping and appliances. All gas piping and appliances shall be in stalled in accordance with the American National Standard Requirements for the Installation of Gas Appliances and Gas Piping Z21.30--1964. (16) Flammable liquids. Flammable liquids shall be stored and handled in ac cordance with 1910.106. (ii) Guarding. Spiked live rolls shap be guarded. (19) Stationary tramways and tres tles--(i) Foundations and walkways. Tramways and trestles shall have sub stantial mud sills or foundations which shall be frequently inspected and kept in repair. When vehicles are operated on tramways and trestles which are reed for foot passage, traffic shall be controlled or a walkway with standard handrails at the outer edge and shear timber on the inner edge shall be provided. This walk way shall be wide enough to allow ade quate clearance to vehicles. When walk ways cross over other thoroughfares, they shall be solidly fenced at the outer edge to a height of 42 inches over such thor oughfares. (ii) Clearance. Stationary tramways and trestles shall have a verticle clear ance of 22 feet over railroad rails. When constructed over carrier docks or roads, they shall have a clearance of 6 feet above the driver's foot rest on the carrier, in no event shall this clearance be less than 12 feet from the roadway. In exist ing operations where it is impractical to obtain such clearance, telltales, elec tric signals, signs or other precautionary measures shall be installed. (20) Blower, collecting, and exhaust systems--(i) Design, construction, end maintenance. Blower collecting, and ex haust systems should be designed, con structed, and maintained in accordance with American National Standards Z33.1--1961 (For the Installation of Blower and Exhaust Systems for Dust, stock, and Vapor Removal or Conveying) Z12.2--1962 (R1969) (Code for the Pre vention of Dust Explosion in Wood working and Wood Flour Manufacturnwr Plants). (ii) Collecting systems. All mills con taining one or more ma^hinpa that cre ate dust, shavings, chips, or slivers dur ing a period of time equal to or greater than one-fourth of the working day, be equipped with a collecting system. It may be either continuous or automatic. and shall be of sufficient strength and capacity to enable it to remove such refuse from points of operation and immediate vicinities of machines V" CO .-yi, (8) Vats and tanks. All open vats and (17) Storage, handling, and use of work areas. tanks into which workmen could fall chemicals--(i) Threshold limits. Em (iii) Exhaust or conveyor systems. I. shall be guarded. ployees shall not be exposed to airborne Each woodworking machine that creates r** '<1 No. 202--Pt. n-------30 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37, NO. 302--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 BFG30506 22332 RULES AND REGULATIONS (2) Incorporation of standards "by reference. Certain of the paragraphs of this section incorporate and apply occu pational safety and health standards of general application without regard to any specific industry. Such standards shall apply to sawmill operations in ac cordance with the rules of construction set forth in 1910.05. Cb) Definitions applicable to this sec tion--(1) A-frame. The term "A-frame" means a structure made of two inde pendent columns fastened together at the top and separated at the bottom for stability. (2) Annealing. The term "annealing" means heating then cooling to soften and render less brittle. (3) Binder. The term "binder" means a chain, cable, rope, or other approved material used for binding loads. (4) Boom. The term "boom" means logs or timbers fastened together end to end and used to contain floating logs. The term includes enclosed logs. (5) Brow log. The term "brow log" means a log placed parallel to a roadway at a landing or dump to protect vehicles while loading or unloading. (6) Bunk. The term "bunk" means a cross support for a load. (7) Cant. The term "cant" means a log slabbed on one or more sides. (8) Carriage Gog carriage). The term "carriage" means a framework mounted on wheels which runs on tracks or in grooves in a direction parallel to the face of the saw, and which contains apparatus to hold a log securely and advance it towards the saw. (9) Carrier. The term "carrier" means an industrial truck so designed and con structed that it straddles the load to be transported with mechanisms to pick up the load and support it during trans portation. (10) Chipper. The term "chipper" means a machine which cuts material into chips. (11) Chock (bunk block) (cheese block). The terms "chock", "bunk block", and "cheese block" mean a wedge that prevents logs or loads from moving. (12) Cold deck. The term "cold deck" means a pile of logs stored for future removal. (13) Crotch lines. The term "crotch lines" means two short lines attached to a hoisting line by a ring or shackle, the lower ends being attached to loading hooks. (14) Dog {carriage dog). The term "dog" means a steel tooth, one or more of which are attached to each carriage knee to hold log firmly in place on carriage. (15) Drag saw. The term "drag saw" means a power-driven, reciprocating crosscut saw mounted on suitable frame and used for bucking logs. (16) Head block. The term "head block" means that part of a carriage which holds the log and upon which it rests. It generally consists of base, knee, taper set, and mechanism. (17) Head rig. The term "head rig" means a combination of head saw and log carriage used for the initial break down of logs into timbers, cants, and boards. (18) Hog. The term "hog" means a machine for cutting or grinding slabs and other coarse residue from the mill. (19) Husk. The term "husk" means a head saw framework on a circular mill (20) Industrial truck. The term "in dustrial truck" means a mobile power- driven truck or tractor. (21) Kiln tender. The term "kiln tender" means the operator of a kiln. (22) Lift truck. The term "lift truck" means an industrial truck used for lat eral transportation and equipped with a power-operated lifting device, usually in the form of forks, for piling or unpil ing lumber units or packages. (23) Live rolls. The term "live rolls" means cylinders of wood or metal mounted on horizontal axes and rotated by power, which are used to convey slabs, lumber, and other wood products. (24) Loading boom. The term "load ing boom" means any structure project ing from a pivot point to guide a log when lifted. (25) Log deck. The term "log deck" means a platform in the sawmill on which the logs remain until needed for sawing. (26) Lumber hauling truck. The term "lumber hauling truck" means an indus trial truck, other than a lift truck or a carrier, used for the transport of lumber. (27) Log haul. The term "log haul" means a conveyor for transferring logs to mill. (28) Package. The term "package" means a unit of lumber. (29) Peavy. The term "peavy" means a stout wooden handle fitted with a spike and hook and used for rolling logs. (30) Pike pole. The term "pike pole" means a long pole whose end is shod with a sharp pointed spike. (31) Pitman rod. The term "pitman rod" means connecting rod. (32) Resaw. The term "resaw" means band, circular, or sash gang saws used to break down slabs, cants, or flitches into lumber. (33) Running line. The term "running line" means any moving rope as dis tinguished from a stationary rope such as a guyline. (34) Safety factor. The term "safety factor" means a calculated reduction factor which may be applied to labora tory test values to obtain safe working stresses for wooden beams and other mechanical members; ratio of breaking load to safe load. (35) Saw guide. The term "saw guide" mean a device for steadying a circular or bandsaw. (36) Setwork. The term "setwork" means a mechanism on a sawmill car riage which enables an operator to move the log into position for another cut. (37) Sorting gaps. The term "sorting gaps" means the areas on a log pond enclosed by boom sticks into which logs are sorted. (38) Spreader wheel. The term "spreader wheel" means a metal wheel that separates the board from the log in back of circular saws to prevent binding. (39) Splitter. The term "splitter" means a knife-type, nonrotating spreader. (40) Sticker. The term "sticker" means a strip of wood or other material used to separate layers of lumber. (41) Stiff boom. The term "stiff boom" means the anchored, stationary boom sticks which are tied together and on which boom men work. (42) Swifter. The term "swifter" is a means of tying boom sticks together to prevent them from spreading while being towed. (43) Telltale. The term "telltale" means a derice used to serve as a warn ing for overhead objects. (44) Top saw. The term "top saw" means the upper of two circular saws on a head rig, both being on the same husk. (45) Tramway The term "tramway" means a way for trams, usually consist ing of parallel tracks laid on wooden beams. (46) Trestle. The term "trestle" means a braced framework of timbers, piles or steelwork for carrying a road or railroad over a depression. (c) Building facilities, and isolated equipment--(1) Safety factor. All build ings, docks, tramways, walkways, log dumps, and other structures shall be de signed, constructed and maintained so as to support the imposed load in ac cordance with a safety factor. (2) Work areas. Work areas under mills shall be as evenly surfaced as local conditions permit. They shall be free from unnecessary obstructions and pro vided with lighting facilities in accord ance with American National Standard for Industrial Lighting All.l--1965. (3) Floors. Flooring in buildings and on ramps and walkways shall be con structed and installed in accordance with established principles of mechanics and sound engineering practices. They shall be of adequate strength to support the estimated or actual dead and live loads acting on them with the resultant stress not exceeding the allowable stress for the material being used. (i) Floor and wall openings. All floor and wall openings shall be protected as prescribed in f 1910.23. (ii) Areas beneath floor openings. Areas under floor openings shall, where practical, be fenced off. When this is not practical, they shall be plainly marked and telltales shall be installed to hang over these areas. (iii) Floor maintenance. The flooring of buildings, docks, and passageways shall be kept in good repair. When a hazardous condition develops that can not be immediately repaired, the area shall be guarded until adequate repairs are made. (iv) Nonslip floors. Floors, footwalks, and passageways in the work area around mftj-.hinss or other places where a person is required to stand or walk shall be provided with effective means to mini mize slipping. BFG30505 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO. 302--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 RULES AND REGULATIONS 22S49 wsoeoaa Z6l *81 WSOiOO 'AVQS3NQ3M--ZOZ ON 'it TOA 'U3ASI03H 1VD3Q33 s)jsd ScrjAOK (uoij `suonoafojd mojj aajj ^qSDjajaM aq -xa qnq `suoqsjado qons q-jpa noDoauuoo uj pasn )uaradinba payings pus qoo) jamod joj pus :)uaradfnba pisA pus pxeA :a3BJ0)s idtrtddjqs tairiqsjug istqpi Ajp JO HOJ)BjadO JfBSOdSn) d)SBM ISupTBId pas `Suiunupi) `Suuabs `Sunpusq jaq -mrri pas Soi `cn pgarcnn ion l'na `Summo --------T,,r-- --41 oaqjo) Butpumis 9upiOBft (i)--sjjDd Butaojf (a) paijusuisfp aq )ou paan `pajoadsnj oq uso sfupi pus ?aqsrsq qopjM qanojqj safoqpnsq ifim papjAOJd jt `sjo^osj^xa oaAjxpjaAO 'pajjsdaj `^isssaoda n *pus JsaA s aono tton^r IB nan'varfoirr HOS p?PUSUISip aq nsqs sjoog aqx 'isuatsm jsiiuils jo `aq) `)uaurao jo pa)onj)suoo A[jadojd aq qsqs sasodmd aurqssjA joj pasn are )sq) A -unsi s ui uiooj AJdAd jo sjoog aqx (d> 3UOOM (J) --IXU3U&Q (I)--'Sdjiu Butfviado (P) sAaipid pus s)iaq jo 3uipjsn3 jadojd mohs O) ss 'siopyoipxij (ad pa)oru)suoo os pus `aujqosni aq) jo )uojj aq^ ^s Ajjas^s aq) mojj aiqsjado aq o) ss pa)soox os 5jai 3[qjssod paads aq nsqs saaiqosra joj saoiAap Suiddo)s do aq n^ts susata pus Sai)js)s 'JaAvod jo aoinos aq) iuojj ddqiba joa saaiqo SaqoauuoosTp joj stream q)tM pappioid joj aqj ?sqj <;dao aq nsqs aurqosm uaAup-jaA\od qosa -HI aq) joj pjspas)g isuopsN usouaaxy `Butdtd sdB pud Sdou&flddo $j?o (ini) _____ rT_____ ,_____ ,,.3jado ui sjaamosoi pres a[jqm pajjedaj jo `pa^snfps `pausap *papo aq nsqs auiqasiu Aus jo sqjsd saoiaap Buiddops puv 6u}U&lS (ad uado o) sqsj jo s^oqs oajsa Sotonp -ai aq) ji papaaosa aq )ou quA )uaurdmba *0961 --Z6Z ISNV `sraajsAg ^sneqxa reooq jo rtoDsaado pas tiSisoa: aq) Sauna -aod sisiaataspunj pjspus)g isnopsN UEOjiaury swajs/is isnvyxa ivooq <iia) SotAoax on "siuamtsnppv auynovtt an> *aos[d snopjszeqqou s in pajsooi aq nstfs aajsa Ajajss aqj, *aojnos aq) mojj "pauiBa japjo aqj ui "pansjsui aq n^qs 3A[sa A)ajss pus `aSsS ajnssajd `aApsA s `auiym s^ajnj pas Smdid amssaJd-jamoi aq) jo 3iq)Bj ajnssaid aq) )sq) qons aq nsqs saAiSA jaqaJ aq) jo A)psdso aSisqosip pantq -moo aqx *aiqissod ss )oajip pus )joqs ss pus azis aidure jo aq nsqs s)aaA aqx 'axaqdsouqs aq) o) pa)U3A ji ssaisa A)djss 3 )sqj usq) jaqSjq jo janaj mojj Soidsosa ppig Aq pasnso msa)s aq) ji 'ajsjd aSsmsp jo imfui )uaA3Jd o) papiAOJd aq qsj ajnssaid s.jajnj nsqs uoi)oa)ojd jadojd 'aAfSA Siqonpaj i2 jsq) aAoqs aans aq) `o) aiqissod ss asojo ss jo 40) )uaosf )On nsqs samqosta -ps pa)sooi aq nsqs saisa A)ajss jo jan SS3Jd~VlD3JS (TO -aj aqx amssaad ispnn noj joj s)aara usonarav aq) oi spuappy `1961--OTIS moqrpaoo 3uo[joa -ajmbaj aq) )aam )oa saop apis ajnssajd ISNV `Sordid laMOd--Suidtx amssaid poos ui si aatqosui aq) pus apsm uaaq -mo{ aq) no )uamdml>a jo Sordid aq) asso ioj apoo pjspus)S isuodbn usouaury aAsq s)uauqsnfps pus sirsdax qons ft) ui `aA]SA Supnpaj aq) jo apis ajnssajd BuyLid uacnod--Butdtd aunssauj (A) -un pajsjado aq qsqs aurqosm on (Q) -AiO( aq) uo pbptAOJd aq n^qs s3a[sa '1161 --T'SIS ISNV `srqsjsddy uoTssnnsnsJX jSMOd rBoiuBqoapj joj pjspos)g A)ajeg `sjuauqsnrps jo sjisdai qons jo uouaidinoo aqj uodn AiajsTpaunm paos^d -aj aq n*qs Ajauiqosra qons jo )uatu --'-- -- Sirunp aApioagain A)ajss jo jaqaj ajom jo auo `pasn are s9A[ba Supnpaj-ajnssajd aiaqA). (Q) papjsnS AiJadoJd asiAuaipo aq qsqs jo isjja)sm jAap jo *aoostidds aApsisai-)saq s q)m pajaAoo jo pa)s[nsai t Any -sjnainjsnfps aq n^qs `)os)uoo o)iq araoo Asm jaqjO" Suiqsm jo asodjnd aq) qorqM q)pa pus `mjoj)Sid Sup[J aui apsui jo poaoiu jo joog aq) jo )aaj i ugpuA ajs )ss. n Aus jo preti [sjS sadid urea)s qy <o) `sadyi wttajs' (HI) d) paqos))s aoiAap *ja)amsip -aax pus `sSuqrsH `sStmiado nBM pas jooid joj sinaicojinbay A)ajeg pjspus)g IsnoRSN asoTjatuy 'spunoqaoi pun `sButjyoj. 'sBuiuado uvai pun uoojj (it) '<0L6I-a> S96I--ruv ISNV `Sawqsn [BLQsnpui joj sonjosjd paspusjg ibuod -sn asouaary 'BuipiOii ivtuisnpui (t) ______`pjsnSajss on (Dj 'spurns a%3fvs (i)--poiitnqoajff (S) snoi)onj)siii isqjaA pus 'sapu pajuud `sot)annq Aq `saotjosJd ajss ui pajorunsiq aq pus qJOA iraq) jo spjszsq aq) o) ss pa)onj)sui Ajiadojd aq nsqs saa -Aoidrag 'ssa/toidvia fo uotiDnsfsuj (A) paqs)su! ui qour qsq-auo qsq s )oafaj )sq) sSiquado qiLa. pus `aSsS 91 'on usq) ssai )ou jo qsara aipA tppu paiaAoo Aia)aidraoo aq nsqs uuoj)sid Sui^ioai jo joog aq) jo )aa; 1 ugpiJA usj SupsipnaA jo )snsqxa qosg 'suvf Bu\yD\x%u3a uo jsnvqx3 (g) pisnS aq) SutAomaj )noq)iAi papsajq) AnuaraaAuoo aq uso aipaau aq) )sq) )sn)U8A a)snbaps uuoj qons jo aq nqs 51 '9IPU bq) Japun iAi aiqs)jojiuoo jo sssd )ouuso sjasug s,jo)sjado aq) )sip os rsssaoau si uoi)Sp) `auiqosm aq) 0) paqos))s Apuausuuad uonmnuzA (ad pjsnS s q)Lsi paddmba aq nsqs auiqosui oaqssAi Aiqsnojoq) SupAas qosq autipmu, Buta&s (I)--ixuam j n)im pooj )sa jo -dinba pur sauiyoma snoauttnaostpi ({>) > aq qsqs Aaq) pus saosjms Supacoq aq) uaaM) -aid aqx 's^uauiaumbai jnuozyippv (2) !aoissjqs jo qojsxos s Aq aaqojq uaaq -aq )q3nso 3uiaq iuojj uosjad jaq)6 jo Aidas n^qs S'0161 jo (S) qdsi3sjsd tq seq oiqs aq) qoiqA) uo Apoq aq) jo )osd jo)saado aq) jo sjasug aq) )uaAaid npa qjjoj )as uoi)onj)suoo jo sapu aqx suorj Aus jo `qjnoin `saAa aq) Suiqono) )sureSs )sq) susata jo pjsnS s q)iAi paddmba -sjado Ajponst o) aiqsondds apsra ajs paujBA aq n^qs saq)O{0 paqos Sinipusq aq nq3 (saao pajaAiod )ooj jo pusq pus noROas spR aj aouaiajai Aq pa)BJOd sJaq)0 pus sjaqjsjq `sidoiuojf (qp Surpnioxa) ssajd Surnou qosa (p> -joom mou ajs Rasp) iBujsnpuT AiaAa paurs)aisui os pas `sja)aqds iuojj aajj saosjms pa)saq Ajjsen o) it{dds qoiqM jo saoxstAOJd paqsrug `pactsjjns Ajiadojd sisjiajsui aq) q)Ltt )os)uoo o)ur araoo )Ouuso uosjad [s qjoMpoou auiqo jaipo jo joisjado aq) )sq) Asm s qons I aiqsx "yioaipoom ui paiaAoo aq osis tl'eqs aoqs jo iioj )oq `sdo? diqvj, (it) aqx 'auiqosm aq) do)s ni^i uosjad iaq)o uoprpuoo ajss jo jo)sjado aq) jo pusq aq) Aq pjsnS Iisqs pas `spjBoq jo jsq aq) 10 ainqujs aq) )sq) paBusi u 3urpru)0Jd uioij -jb os `aoqs jo qoi paaj aq) jo qjauai aji) dan Aas jo pooai -ua aq) ssoios pjsnS jaqjo jo jsq A)ajss liwj spoj sunuauuoo pus sspisjo 'sjaaqM -pasq ju ptqjiu)nuuj aq Ijsqs smoojqssAi s qqiM paddmba aq n^qs jauou )soo -Ag ss qons `sjdAoiu ainud jo sjjsd )daoxa uiooj AjaAa jo saoog aqx (Q) pus raosoq-Ue)OJ pamqmoo qosa (O) Suiaoj5 'BufpivnB laaow-dutiuj (s) ajsi saosjms pa)saq aq) q)iM )os)uoo 0)ur *6IS'0I6l JO S)uaraajmbaj aq) q)tM -numoos Asm J3)s/a ou )sq) pauisjp os araoo )ouuk uosjad iaq)0 jo jo)Bj.~ aonspiooos m papjsnS aq qsqs `sjjsqs pus Jisdaj pooS ui paais)uisiu aq nsqs aq) )sq) Asa b qons iq pajaAoo aq < pas `sAagnd `S)iaq `sqaqooids `sjsa3 Aaqx s)uarpsj3 snojaSusp jo `saop^ajo gsqs aoqs jo noj )oq aqx 'auiqosui h+ IWZ SNOiivinoaa onv S3ina SNouvinoay qnv saina 0S82S 22330 RULES AND REGULATIONS (12) Ironer. The term "ironer" shall mean a hand- or power-operated ma chine, with one or more rolls or heated surfaces in contact, used for ironing or smoothing clothes or other textiles. (13) Shaping machine. The term "shaping machine" shall mean a power- driven machine used to shape, mold, or otherwise finish clothes or other textiles; this term shall also include shaping tables, stands, or shelves upon which the machine may be mounted, (14) Sewing machine. The term "sew ing machine" shall mean a machine used for sewing or stitching clothes or other textiles. (15) Guarded. The term "guarded" t-V.r.11 moon PnvoroH fpnrpd PT1- into contact with, the marking plunger. (ii) Washing machine, (a) Each washing machine shall be equipped with an interlocking device that will prevent the inside cylinder from moving when the outer door on the case or shell is open, and will also prevent the door from being opened while the inside cylinder is in motion. This device should not prevent the movement of the inner cylinder under the action of a hand-operated mecha nism or under the operation of an "inch ing device." (b) Each washing machine shall be provided with means for holding open the doors or covers of inner and outer cylinders or shells while being loaded nr nnlrvnriprt the movement of the inner cylinder under the action of a hand-operated mechanism or under the operation of an inching device. (b) Each drying tumbler shall be provided with means for holding open the doors or covers of inner and outer cylinders or shells while being loaded or unloaded. (iv) Shaker (clothes tumbler). (o) (1) Each shaker or clothes tumbler of the single-cylinder type shall be equipped with a device that will auto matically prevent the tumbler from mov ing while the door is open. (2) The tumbler shall also be enclosed or guarded so as to prevent accidental contact bv the oDerator or other person of suitable covers or casings, barrier rails, safety bars, or screens, to eliminate the possibility of accidental contact with, or dangerous approach by, persons or objects. (16) Enclosed. The term "enclosed" shall mean that the object or equipment or part thereof is so guarded that acci dental contact at the point of danger, during the regular operation of the equipment, is not possible. (17) Safety interlock. The term "safety interlock" shall mean a device that will prevent the operation of the machine while the cover or door is open or unlocked and will hold the cover or door closed and locked while the basket or cylinder is in motion. (18) Moving parts. The term "moving parts" shall mean gears, sprockets, re volving shafts, clutches, belts, pulleys, or other revolving or reciprocating parts that are attached to, or form an integral part of, a machine. (19) Power transmission. The term "power transmission" shall pertain to equipment such as shafting, gears, belts, pulleys, or other parts used for transmit ting power to the machine, and shall in clude prime movers. (20) Prime movers. The term "prime movers," shall include steam, gas, oil, and air engines or motors, and steam and hydraulic turbines. (21) Point of operation. The term "point of operation" shall mean the point or points at which clothes or other tex tiles are inserted or manipulated in the operation of the machine. (b) General requirements. This sec tion applies to moving parts of equip ment used in laundries and to conditions peculiar to this industry, with special reference to the point of operation of laundry machines. This section does not apply to dry-cleaning operations. (c) Point-of-operation guards--(1) Washroom machines--(i) Marking ma chine. Each power marking machine shall be equipped with a spring-compres sion device of such design as to prevent injury to fingers, should they be caught between the marking plunger and platen; or the marking machine shall be equipped with a control mechanism that will require the simultaneous action of both hands to operate the machine; or there shall be a guard that will act as a barrier in front of, and which will pre vent the operator's fingers from coming shall be equipped with a metal cover. (b) Each extractor shall be equipped with an interlocking device that will pre vent the cover from being opened while the basket is in motion, and will also prevent the power operation of the basket while the cover is not fully closed and secured. This device should not pre vent the movement of the basket by hand to ensure an even loading. <c) Each extractor shall also be effec tively secured in position on the floor or foundation so as to eliminate unnecessary vibrations, and shall not be operated at a speed greater than that given in the manufacturer's rating, which shall be stamped on the inside of the basket where it is easily visible, in letters not less than one-fourth inch in height. The maximum permissible speed shall be given in revolutions per minute. (d) Each engine individually driving an extractor shall be provided with an engine stop approved by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., and a speed-limit gov ernor. It is suggested that where an extractor is driven by a direct-current motor a "no field" release be installed to prevent overspeed, which may result from an open or broken field. (iv) Power wringer. Each power wringer shall be equipped with a safety bar or other guard across the entire front of the feed or first pressure rolls, so arranged that the striking of the bar or guard by the hand of the operator or other person will stop the machine. (2) Starching and drying machines-- (i) Starching machine (cylinder or box type). Each starching machine, cylinder or box type, shall be enclosed or guarded so as to prevent the operator or other person from coming into accidental con tact with the cylinder or box while the machine is in motion. <ii> Drying-room fan. Each drying- room fan, any part of which is within 7 feet of the floor or working platform, shall be guarded with wire mesh or screen of not less than No. 16 gage, the openings of which will reject a ball one- half inch in diameter. (iii) Drying tumbler, (a) Each drying tumbler shall be equipped with an inter locking device that will prevent the in side cylinder from moving when the outer door on the case or shell is open, and also prevent the door from being opened while the inside cylinder is in motion. This device should not prevent (b) (1) Each shaker or clothes tum bler of the double-cylinder type shall be equipped with an interlocking device that will prevent the inside cylinder from moving when the outer door on the case or shell is open, and will also prevent the door from being opened while the inside cylinder is in motion. This device should not prevent the movement of the inner cylinder under the action of a hand-operated mechanism or under the operation of an inching device. (2) Each shaker or clothes tumbler of the double-cylinder type shall be pro vided with means for holding open the doors or covers of inner and outer cylin ders or shells while being loaded or unloaded. (v) Exception. Provisions of subdivi sion (iii), (iv) (a) (1), and (iv) (b) of this subparagraph shall not apply to shakeout or conditioning tumblers where the clothes are loaded into the open end of the revolving cylinder and are automati cally discharged out of the opposite end. (3) Finishing machines--<i) Dampen ing machine. Each roll-dampening ma chine shall be so equipped that the rolls will be entirely enclosed and so arranged as to prevent the fingers of the operator or other person from being caught be tween the rolls. This may be accom plished by: (a) A slot or hopper; (b) A rod or strip located directly in front of the feed and extending the full length of the rolls. (ii) Ironer. (a) Each fiat-work or col lar ironer shall be equipped with a safety bar or other guard across the entire front of the feed or first pressure rolls, so arranged that the striking of the bar or guard by the hand of the operator or other person will stop the machine. The pressure rolls shall be covered or guarded so that the operator or other person can not reach into the rolls without removing the guard. This may be either a vertical guard on all sides or a complete cover. If a vertical guard is used, the distance from the floor or working platform to the top of guard shall be not less than 6 feet. (b) Each body-type ironer, roll or shoe type, including sleeve and band ironers, shall be equipped with a safety bar or other guard across the entire length of the feed roll or shoe, so arranged that the striking of the bar or guard by the hand of the operator or other person will stop BFG30503 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOU 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 RULES AND REGULATIONS 22351 P ftT S G ttZ 22352 RULES AND REGULATIONS RULES AND REGULATIONS 22329 for dampers shall be adjusted to obtain the baking chamber by discharging the "Sclent air for combustion at the min' oven atmosphere to the outside of the m oven output. Where stack dampers building and entraining fresh air into it. used in connection with oil- or gas- The preventilation shall be repeated fired ovens, they shall be equipped with whenever the heating equipment is shut means to turn the burner off when the down by a safety device. damper is closed. (11) Direct recirculating ovens. (1) (x) Where the initial pressure of the Each circulating fan in direct recirculat fuel is lower than the air pressure used ing ovens shall be interconnected with for combustion, check valves shall be the burner in such a manner that the installed in the fuel line to prevent air fuel is shut off by a safety valve when the from backing up into the fuel lines. For fan is not running. instance, in gas burner apparatus, which (11) The flame of the burner or burn uses air at pressures exceeding the gas ers in direct recirculating ovens shall be service pressure, a check valve shall be protected by a quick-acting flame-sensi provided in the gas line next to the mix tive safeguard which will automatically ing device. shut off the fuel supply in case of burner Cxi) Where the gas supply pressure failure. is substantially higher than that at which (in) Direct recirculating ovens shall the burners of an oven are designed to be equipped with preventilating devices. operate, a gas pressure regulator shall (iv) Fans in direct recirculating ovens be employed. shall be constructed of materials suitable (a) Gas pressure regulators, where for the temperatures at which they will used, shall maintain the gas pressure to operate and designed with an ample the manifold within 10 percent of the safety factor to prevent rupture of the operating pressure from maximum to wheel. minimum consumption rates. (v) Fan wheel in direct recirculating (b) Regulators shall be of the spring- oven shall be protected against direct loaded, dead-weight, or pressure-bal impingement of the flame of the burner anced type. Spring- or weight-loaded or burners. regulators shall have springs or weights (vi) Direct recirculating ovens, and covered by suitable housing. Under no particularly fans in and on such ovens, circumstances shall a weight and lever shall be protected from overheating by type of regulator be used. means of a temperature limiting device. (c) A gas pressure regulator, requir (vii) When the burner or burners on ing access to atmosphere for successful direct recirculating ovens are mounted operation, shall be vented to the outer at elevated positions permanent steps air shall be provided for safe and conveni d) A relief valve shall be placed on ent access to the burner or burners. j outlet side of gas pressure regulators (12) Flue-type ovens, (i) Flue-type where gas is supplied at high pressure. ovens shall be operated in such a way The discharge from this valve shall be that less than atmospheric pressure is piped to the outside of the building. maintained in the flues. (xii) All chambers which have to be (ii) Gas burners in flue-type ovens connected to the atmosphere, but are shall be protected against flame failure. separated from any gaseous or other vol (iii) Oil burners on flue-type ovens atile fuel by a flexible membrane, as, for shall be equipped with combustion safe instance, a diaphragm, bellows, etc., shall guards as listed by the Underwriters be connected by a pipe of at least one- Laboratories, Inc. half inch size to the outside atmosphere. (iv) Solid-fuel stoker-fired flue-type The outside end of this pipe shall be pro ovens shall have the stack damper inter tected against flooding or accidental locked with the stoker so that the stoker plugging by ice formation, insects, or cannot be operated when the damper other causes, by providing a "tee" with is closed. double elbow connections pointing down (13) Indirect-fired multiple burner wards at the top of the pipe, and screened ovens, (i) Indirect-fired multiple-burner outlets. Where several of such chambers ovens shall be equipped with safety shut are used in close proximity, a common off valves which are interlocked with vent line may be used. the ignition system, the air pressure and (xiii) Where accumulation of dust in the gas pressure. the air supply might affect the proper (ii) Parts of enclosures reaching functioning of mixing devices and burn through the wall of Indirect-fired multi ers, the air supply inlet shall be equipped ple-burner ovens, and observation win with suitable air filters. A standby filter dows on such ovens, shall be tested at should be available to permit interchang least once each year with repeated ex ing filters for cleaning purposes. plosions, and afterward inspected for (10) Direct-fired ovens, (i) Direct- leaks. fired ovens shall be safeguarded against (14) Steam-tube ovens. Steam-tube failure of fuel, air, or ignition. ovens shall be protected against overfir (11) To prevent the possible accumula ing (firing at an excessive rate) and tion of explosive gases from being ignited overheating (heating to excessive tem after a shutdown, all direct-fired ovens peratures) by devices which control the with a heating capacity over 150,000 maximum amount of fuel admitted to B.t.u. per hour shall be ventilated be- the furnace and the maximum permis 'e the ignition system, combustion air sible temperature in the baking chamber. <wer, and the fuel can be turned on. (15) Indirect recirculating ovens, (i) xhe preventilation shall insure at least Indirect recirculating ovens shall have four complete changes of atmosphere in all oil and gas burners equipped with quick-acting flame sensitive combustion safeguards. (ii) Duct systems in indirect-recir culating ovens shall be protected by explosion vents having a minimum total area of l square foot of vent to 15 cubic feet of total duct volume. These explo sion vents shall be so located that they will not release hot gases or flying parts in the direction of an operator. (iii) Duct systems un ovens) oper ating under pressure shall be tested for tightness in the initial starting of the oven and also at intervals not farther apart than 6 months. (iv) Fans and other parts in indirect recirculating ovens shall comply with requirements as listed under subpara graph (11) of this paragraph. (16) Electric ovens. Electric ovens shall be installed, operated, and main tained in accordance with Subpart S of this part. 1910.264 Laundry machinery and op erations. () Definitions applicable to this sec tion. (1) Laundry. The term "laundry" shall mean an establishment wherein the washing, ironing, or other finishing of clothes, or any other textiles is done, but excluding printing, bleaching, dry clean ing, or dyeing of clothes or other textiles. (2) Marking machine. The term "marking machine" shall mean a powerdriven machine used for marking clothes or other textiles. (3) Washing machine. The term "washing machine" shall mean a powerdriven machine used for washing clothes or other textiles. It generally consists of a stationary case or shell inside of which is a revolving perforated cylinder. (4) Extractor. The term "extractor" shall mean a power-driven centrifugal machine used for removing surplus mois ture from clothes or other textiles by centrifugal action. (5) Wringer. The term "wringer" shall mean one or more power-driven rolls used for removing surplus moisture from clothes or other textiles. () Starch mixer. The term "starch mixer" shall mean a power-driven ma chine used for mixing or processing starch. (7) Starching machine. The term "starching machine" shall mean a power-driven machine used for the starching of clothes or other textiles. (8) Drying tumbler. The term "dry ing tumbler" shall mean a machine within which clothes or other textiles are dried by air, and which usually consists of an enclosure inside of which is a re volving cylinder. (9) Shaker. The term "shaker" (clothes tumbler) shall mean a revolv ing cylinder used for shaking out clothes or other textiles. (10) Drying room. The term "drying room" shall mean an enclosure used for drying clothes or other textiles, and con taining any power-driven mechanism. (11) Dampening machine. The term "dampening machine" shall mean a machine used for dampening clothes or other textiles. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1971 BFG30502 susses 22328 RULES AND REGULATIONS 4r>etollAH at. IrV'flt'.inns tj"i iririirat.o I'Qi ricmornl vofmi-rovn vnio m Oi-ntant. nnf Kn. UaWJ 4m _--__________i_____ ers shall be bypassed or provided with suitable means to prevent abnormal pressure. (p) Oil burners equipped with me chanical means for supplying air shall have an interlock between the air pres sure and the oil supply so that the burner cannot operate unless air for proper combustion is available. (iii) High-pressure atomizing oil burners shall be provided with a pres sure cutoff valve between the pump and the nozzle. (iv) Air atomizing burners equipped with maximum-minimum or modulating controls, and which are arranged to have and kept in working order. (ii) All safety devices on ovens shall be inspected at intervals of not less than twice a month by an especially appointed, properly instructed bakery employee, and not less than once a year by repre sentatives of the oven manufacturers. (iii) (c) Protection of gas pilot lights shall be provided when it is impractica ble to protect the main flame of the burner and where the pilot flame cannot contact the flame electrode without being in the path of the main flame of the burner. Failure of any gas pilot shall automatically shut off the fuel supply to the burner. (p) Where blowers are used for sup plying the air for combustion the safei shutoff valve shall be interlocked so that, it will close in case of air failure. (h> Where gas or electric ignition is used, the safety shutoff valve shall close in case of ignition failure. On burners equipped with combustion safeguards, the valve shall close in case of burner flame failure. (vi) One main, manually operated, fuel shutoff valve shall be provided on each oven, and shall be located ahead of all other valves in the system. (vii) All individual gas or oil burners with a heating capacity over 150,000 ing has been accomplished, shall be equipped with a quick-acting flame safe guard directly actuated by the main flame of the burner. (v> Mechanical atomizing burners of the rotary type shall be operated on the on-off principle and shall be equipped with safeguards actuated by the main flame. (vi) Evaporator-type burners shall be installed in such a way that provision is made to open the draft damper before oil can be admitted to the burners. (vii) Burners supplied by "vapofiers*' shall be equipped with a protected gas or electric pilot. In combination vapofier-gas heating systems, the burner shall be protected in accordance with the re quirements of subparagraph (4) of this paragraph. (7) Solid-fuel firing equipment, (i) In solid-fuel firing systems proper draft shall be maintained at the stack as long as there is fuel in the furnace. All breachings and flues shall be kept in a tight and clean condition. Solid-fuel fir ing systems using forced draft shall have the air supply to the ash pit intercon nected with the furnace in such a way that the air pressure is shut off when the furnace door is opened. (ii) Mechanical stokers, (a) Fuel feed and air supply to mechanical stokers shall be interlocked in such a way that fuel cannot be fed without sufficient air being available. (b) Dampers in mechanical-stoker fired systems shall be interlocked with the stoker in such a way that the stoker cannot be started unless the damper is open. (8) Electrical heating equipment, (i) All electrical equipment shall be built and Installed according to Subpart S of this part. (ii) Open heating elements inside the baking chamber shall be guarded against accidental touching by the product being baked, by the body of the operator, or by current-conducting implements which may be used. (iii) A main disconnect switch or cir cuit breaker shall be provided. This switch or circuit breaker shall be so lo cated that It can be reached quickly and safely. The main switch or circuit breaker shall have provisions for locking It in the open position if any work on the elec trical equipment or inside the oven must be performed. be equipped with individual atmospheric pilot lights where there is sufficient sec ondary air in the baking chamber and where gas is available; or else each burner shall be equipped with an electric spark-type ignition device. (iv) Burners of a capacity exceeding 150,000 B.tiu. per hour equipped with electric ignition shall be protected in addition by quick-acting combustion safeguards. (a) The high-tension current for any electric spark-type ignition device shall originate in a power supply line which is interlocked with the fuel supply for the oven in such a way that in case of cur rent failure both the source of electricity to the high-tension circuits and the fuel supply shall be turned off simultaneously. (b) All electric circuits in connection with ignition systems on ovens shall comply with Subpart S of this part. (c) Combustion safeguards used in connection with electric ignition systems on ovens shall be so designed as to pre vent an explosive mixture from accu mulating inside the oven before Ignition has taken place. (v) When fuel is supplied and used at line pressure, safety shutoff valves shall be provided in the fuel line leading to the burner. (o) When fuel is supplied in excess of line pressure, safety shutoff valves shall be provided in the fuel line leading to the burners, unless the fuel supply lines are equipped with other automatic valves which will prevent the flow of fuel when the compressing equipment is stopped. (b) The safety shutoff valve shall be positively tight and shall be tested at least twice monthly. (c) Packing glands shall be designed so that the valve will not be made inop erative by excessive tightening of the packing gland. (d) Electrically operated safety shut off valves shall be normally closed and not depend on electricity for shutting off the fuel supply. (e) A safety shutoff valve shall re quire manual operation for reopening after it has closed, or the electric circuit shall be so arranged that it will require a manual operation for reopening the safety shutoff valve. (/) Manual reset-type safety shutoff valves shall be so arranged that they can- safeguard which is actuated by the flame and which will react to flame failure in a time interval not to exceed 2 seconds. All safeguards, once having shut down a gas or oil burner, shall require manual resetting and starting of the burner or burners. (viii) Any space in an oven (except direct fired ovens) which could be filled with an explosive mixture shall be pro tected by explosion vents. Explosion vents shall be made of minimum weight con sistent with adequate insulation. (a) Explosion doors which have a sub stantial weight shall be attached by chains or similar means to prevent flying parts from injuring the personnel in case of an explosion. (b) Where explosion vents are so lo cated that flying parts or gases might endanger the personnel working on o near the oven, internal or external pro tecting means shall be provided In the form of heavily constructed shields or deflectors made from nancombustlble material. (c) Specifically exempted from the provisions of subdivision (vili) of this subparagraph are heating systems on ovens in which the fuel is admitted only to enclosed spaces which shall have been tested to prove that their construction will resist repeated explosions without deformation are exempt from the re quirements of subdivisions (vili) (a) and (b) of this paragraph. (ix) Flues and dampers, (a) All ovens (except electrically heated) shall be properly and firmly connected to an active chimney or flue of ample size to carry away the flue gases. (b) The chimney shall be preinspected after installation or repair to determine whether it is in suitable condition. (c) The flue pipe or breeching shall be properly supported in all cases. (tf) Means shall be employed which will prevent the flue pipe or breeching from entering beyond the inner wall of the chimney flue. (e) Flue pipe shall be cemented or otherwise sealed to the chimney wall so as to prevent infiltration of air. (/) A flue damper or other equivalent means for regulating draft shall be in? stalled on each oven, the proper operation of which depends on natural draft. , ig) Dampers, where used, shall be equipped with suitably located minimum and mftvtrniim stops. The minimum stop BFG30501 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 37, NO, 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 Su b je c t I n d e x f o b 29 C F R 1010-- Oc c u p a t io n a l Saf et y and H e a l t h Stan d ar d s -- C ontinued I Su b je c t I n d ex for 29 C F R 1910-- Oc c u p a t io n a l Sa f e t y an d H e a l t h Standards-- C o n tin u e d RULES AND REGULATIONS 22333 iSSSSSSSia 8 8 3 8 8 8888 88 8388 83888 38388833 888883383833833883888 188888813 3 8 ft 8 8 8880 3 088^ 00088 8008000 8888883338808SaS Z g g -4b!s|: iisjli ililillliiifl |ZZJ2Z^aZaZ aZ a S-'S-S s-jg ; |21 nliiloooisf 3o*."ilciSIn-:ScJ5-ac SbS S.S B-a-B-e -S'S.S'S'iis a a; 6 3 S3 ajv S'? 2? 27 27 27 2SSS7 SSS'E'Sg g ss if I5 ^ t- fc-> fr* ..E f-fr> E-Si C -n j33C--'--iSOBCOnSnilg' &s 3 = = . i:ws:: ;; :_e_^ = :jJ |v- :PSSflHP 888888P88S888a33880 88333 Z 22354 RULES AND REGULATIONS / RULES AND REGULATIONS 22327 meats can be made when the oven Is in ''ormal operating condition. (iii) Dampers controlling the draft on uvens equipped with atmospheric gasburning systems shall be interconnected with the gas supply so that no gas can be admitted to the burners if the damper is closed. <o) Atmospheric pipe burners extend ing into the baking chamber of ovens fired with atmospheric gas-buming sys tems shall have secondary air ducts in stalled below each burner and extending over its full length. Air inlets for these ducts Rhall be placed outside the baking chamber. (b) Stack dampers on ovens equipped with atmospheric gas-buming systems shall have a hole of the following diameter: Diameter of flue Diameter of opening 3 to 5------------------------------- % 6 to 10____________________ 1 H to 15...................................... 1% Dimensions given In inches. (iv) Nozzle or blast burners on at mospheric gas-buming systems shall be equipped with gas pilots or electric ig nition; with the exception that burners operated on a maximum-minimum flame or modulating principle which are equipped with quick acting combustion safeguards actuated by the main burner flame may be equipped with automatic or hand torch ignition to be used for initial lighting only. (v) Burners of the perforated pipe, ribbon, slot, tip, or similar types, having iany individual ports, shall be capable A maintaining a stable flame over the entire length (or surface) of the burner throughout the turndown range and under all draft conditions which may arise in the operation of the oven, unless ignition of gas from every port shall im mediately result from the ignition of gas at any single port, when gas is supplied to the burner at the highest and lowest rating of the burners. (vD Premixed gas burners shall be so designed that the burner will not back fire or blow off within the operating range of the burner. (a) Multiple port burners, such as ribbon, strip, or tip burners, when used on premixed gas systems, shall be capa ble of instant ignition of the burner over its entire length when operated within the proper range of the burner, either in a normal or steam-laden oven atmos phere or under any other oven conditions which might extinguish the flame. (b) Where a number of premixed gas burners are connected to a single premix ing device, each burner shall be equipped with electric or gas ignition. (vii) High-pressure inspirators (using gas at pressures exceeding 1 p.s.i.) shall be so constructed and machined as to insure perfect alignment of the gas Jet with the axis of the inspirator. 1 (a) No high-pressure inspirator shall 'be installed with a valve or other ob- struction between the inspirator and the urner. (b) Each high-pressure inspirator shall have a gas adjustment consisting of a fixed replaceable orifice or an ad justable orifice. When an adjustable ori fice is used, the adjusting screw shall be protected by a gas-tight plug. (c) Air adjustments on high-pressure inspirators shall be provided with posi tive locking means. (d) High-pressure inspirators shall be so located that air adjustments can be made during the operation of the oven. (e) High-pressure inspirators shall be mounted in such a position that should a backfire occur, it cannot injure the operator or ignite any combustible ma terial. (/) High-pressure inspirators used on gas-buming systems, which are supplied under pressure with a partial mixture of air and gas instead of straight gas, shall not be used unless the amount of air mixed with the gas is sufficiently low to keep the mixture rich enough to be above the upper explosive limit. (ff) Low-pressure proportioning in- spirating sets (using air at pressures from one-half to p.s.i. and gas at or about atmospheric pressure) shall be equipped with a positive locking device on the adjustment for setting the gas- air ratio. (viii) Low-pressure proportioning in spirators equipped with zero governors, which do not compensate for any change in resistance in the mixture pipe, shall be installed so that there is no valve or other obstruction between the inspirators and the burners. Diaphragm air spaces of governors on low-presslire proportioning inspirating sets shall be vented to the outside of the building. (ix) Two-pipe systems: No valve or other obstruction shall be placed be tween the mixing valve and the burners on any two-pipe system which uses air and gas under pressure, unless the mix ing valve is equipped with a device which automatically will prevent excessive pressure rise in the mixture pressures. Two-pipe systems shall be equipped with means for cleaning the air and gas be fore they enter the mixing valve. (5) Gas mixing machines, (i) All burners supplied with complete mixture from the machine shall be equipped with flash and flame arrestors equipped with automatic shutoff valves actuated by heat Installed as close to the burners as practical and also at the outlet of the premixing machine ahead of the indi vidual burner shutoffs. This is to prevent the flame from reaching the mixture supply pipe. (a) The main mixture lines and the gas machine proper shall be amply pro tected against fire or explosion hazard by flashback arrestors and relief vents or softheads located outside the building. Some gas mixing machines are used for partially premixing gas and air and sup plying this mixture to high-pressure in spirators where additional air is en trained. If the gas-air ratio is such that the mixture remains so rich as to be above the upper explosive limit over the entire range of the machine, flash ar restors or explosion vents are not re quired. Positive means shall be provided which will prevent any such gas mixing machine from producing an explosive mixture. (b) All diaphragm or similar cham bers shall be connected to the atmos phere outside of the building. (c) An automatic safety shutoff valve shall be provided in the gas line leading to the mixing valve which will close the gas supply In case the suction disappears at the compressor inlet or the current to the compressor is shutoff. (d) Air inlets to gas mixing machines shall be piped to a location outside the building and shall be located at a point protected against dust. (ii) No valve or obstruction shall be installed between mixing blowers and burners. (a) Mixing blowers shall be so con structed that they will supply a mixture of air and gas that will not blow off or backfire over the entire range of adjustments. (b) Mixing blowers shall be provided with a pressure regulator in the gas line at the inlet to the mixing valve (to pre vent variations in the air-gas ratio). (c) Housings of mixing blowers shall be constructed to withstand any possible internal explosion. (d) Mixing blowers shall be provided with an automatic safety shutoff valve in the gas line leading to the blower, which safety shutoff valve will close in case of failure of either gas pressure or electric current. (6) Oil-burning equipment, (i) The storage and distribution of fuel oil in bakeries shall be arranged according to reference NFPA 31--1968 Standard for Installation of Oil Burning Equipment. (A) .Oil burners shall be of a type ap proved by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (c) Each oil burner shall be equipped with an electric ignition or gas pilot. (b) Oil burners shad be protected against flame failure and overflowing of oil by a quick-acting combustion safe guard operated by the main burner flame. The time interval between flame failure and fuel shutoff shall be short enough to prevent a dangerous accumu lation of an explosive mixture or the entry of a dangerous amount of fuel oil into the heating system; with the excep tion that on ovens requiring 150,000 B.t.u. per hour or less any combustion safeguard listed by the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., may be used. (e) The shutting off of the fuel supply shall be accomplished by stopping the individual burner pump equipped with a pressure cutoff valve, or by closing a suit able valve. (d) Oil-fired ovens shall have dampers so arranged that a small amount of air is passed through the furnace at all times. (e) Oil burners capable of being with drawn from the furnace (for adjust ment, etc.) shall be provided with an interlock which win prevent the burner from starting when in the withdrawn position. (/) Preheating of oil, where necessary, shall be done by steam, hot water, or electric heater, and shall be thermostati cally controlled. Heaters shall be sub stantially constructed with all joints made oil tight. Thermometers shall be FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 197 BFG30500 24358114 22326 RULES AND REGULATIONS ance with NFPA 62--1967 (Standard for Dust Hazards of Sugar and Cocoa), NFPA 656--1959 (Standard for Dust Hazards in Spice Grinding Plants). (ii) Magnetic separators shall be pro vided to reduce fire and explosion (3) Cheese, fruit, and food cutters. These machines shall be protected in ac cordance with the requirements of subparagraph (1) of this paragraph. (4) Jam, icing, and marshmallow beaters of horizontal tub type. All top openings shall be provided with covers attached to the machines. (5) Reversible dough brakes. Reversi ble brakes shall be provided with a guard or tripping mechanism on each side of the rolls. These guards shall be so ar ranged as to stop the machine or reverse the direction of the rolls so that they are outrunning if the guard is moved by con tact of the operator. (6) Cross-roll brakes. Cross - roll brakes shall be provided with guards that are similar in number and equal in effec tiveness to guards on hand-fed brakes. (7) Box- and roll-type dough shelters. (i) Sheeting rolls shall be guarded at the point where the dough enters the rolls so that the operator's fingers can not get into the nip point. (ii) Hoppers for sheeters shall have an automatic stop bar or automatic stop ping device along the back edge of the hopper; If construction does not permit location at the back edge, the automatic stop bar or automatic stopping device shall be located where it will be most effective to accomplish the desired pro tection. (8) Cutting and panning, embossing, peeling, bar, and frutana machines, (i) Roll stands, other than hand fed, shall be guarded at the point where the dough enters the rolls so that the operator's fingers cannot get into the nip points. (ii) Guards shall be provided at each side of the cutter to prevent hands from getting under the cutter. (iil) Reciprocating parrner heads shall be guarded to protect the operator from being caught between moving and sta tionary parts. (iv) Motor control buttons shall be located within view of the cutting head. (9) Rotary, die machines, pretzel roll ing, and pretzel-stick extruding ma chines. Dough hoppers shall have the entire opening protected with substantial grid-type guards to prevent the em ployee from getting his hands caught in moving puts, or the hopper shall be ex tended high enough so that the opera tor's hands cannot get Into moving parts. (10) Band ovens. Band ovens shall be so arranged, or guarded, that the opera tor cannot get caught at the nip point between the band and the drive pulley .or the takeup pulley, or between the oven conveyor and the oven frame. (11) Wafer-cutting machines. These machines shall be so guarded that it will be impossible for employee's fingers or hands to come in contact with the saws or knives while feeding the machine.- (12) Pan cooling towers, (i) Where pan cooling towers extend to two or more floors, a lockout switch shall be pro vided on each floor in order that me chanics working on the tower may posi tively lock the mechanism against start ing. Only one start switch shall be used in the motor control circuit. (ii) All unused sides of pan cooling tower conveyors shall be enclosed or effectively guarded to a height of 7 feet above each floor. (iii) Wherever a pan cooling tower conveyor passes through a floor, the opening shall be protected by a standard railing and toe board, or by other equiv alent protection. (iv) Wherever a pan conveyor passes over a main aisleway, regularly occupied work area, or passageway, the underside of the conveyor shall be completely en closed to prevent pans, broken chains, or other material from falling in the aisle way, work area or passageway. (v) Sprocket wheels of pan conveyors shall be enclosed so that accidental con tact cannot be made at the point where the chain comes in contact with the sprocket. <vi) Wherever conveyor bars, flights, and attachments pass in opposite di rections within 6 inches of each other, a sheet metal partition or screen with openings no larger than one-half Inch shall be placed between the conveyor chains which run in opposite directions. (13) Chocolate melting, refining, and mixing kettles. Each kettle shall be pro vided with a cover to enclose the top of the kettle. The bottom outlet of each kettle shall be of such size and shape that the operator cannot reach in to touch the revolving paddle or come in contact with the shear point between the paddle and the side of the kettle. (14) Caddie, cover, and box stitchers (wire stitchers). A guard shall be mounted on the stitching head to pre vent operators from getting fingers caught between the stitching head and the clincher block. (15) Carton-wrapping and bundling machines. The end seal drums on carton and bundling machines shall be provided with guards. (16) Carton and lining feeding ma chines. Cutting knives shall be provided with a hinged hood to cover the knives. These guards shall be electrically inter locked to stop the machine if they are removed. (17) Peanut cooling trucks. Mechan ically operated peanut cooling trucks shall have a grid-type cover over the entire top. (1) Ovens--(1) General location, (i) Ovens shall be located with due regard to the possibility of fire resulting from overheating or from the escape of gas or fuel oil and the possibility of injury to persons resulting from explosions. (ii) Ovens shall be built on noncumbustible foundations; excepting that where unusual circumstances require that an oven be placed on a combustible floor, the sole of the oven itself shall be insulated and shall be separated from the floor by a ventilated air space of at least 3 inches. In no case shall the tem perature of a combustible floor beneath an oven be permitted to exceed 160 F. (ill) Sufficient insulation shall be used in the crown of any oven, and the space above this crown shall be sufficiently ventilated, to prevent the temperature of any combustible ceilings from rising above 200 F. (iv) Where oven ducts or stacks pass through combustible walls or ceilings, sufficient clearance and insulation shall be provided to keep the temperature of combustible material below 160 F. (v) Columns or structural members of a building shall not pass through an oven. When such columns or structural mem bers are closer than 6 Inches to the inner shell of an oven, fireproof material shall be used and insulated in such a way that the temperature of the column or struc tural member will be kept below 160 F. (vi) Ovens shall be located so as to be accessible from all sides and ade quately spaced to permit the proper functioning of explosion vents. (vii) Ovens shall be located so that possible fire or explosion will not expose groups of persons to possible injury. For this reason ovens shall not adjoin lockers, lunch or sales rooms, main passageways, or exits. (2) Recommended construction. (1) structural parts of ovens shall be pro tected against corrosion or deterioration. (ii) Roofs and other parts of ovens shall be structurally strong enough to support the weight of men who may be required to climb on top of ovens or in side of them. (3) Safeguards of mechanical parts. (i) Emergency stop buttons shall be pro vided on mechanical ovens near the point where operators are stationed. (ii) All piping at ovens shall be tested to be gastight. (a) Soldered pipe joints hall not be permitted in connection with ovens. Pipe joints may be either screwed, flanged, or welded, in connection with ovens where such pipes carry fuel or steam. (b) All pipe and fittings used shall be of good material, clear and free from cutter burrs and defects in structure or threading. (iii) Main shutoff valves, operable separately from any automatic valve, shall be provided to permit turning off the fuel or steam in case of an emergency. (a) Main shutoff valves shall be lo cated so that explosions, fires, etc. will not prevent access to these valves. (b) Main shutoff valves shall be locked in the closed position when men must enter the oven or when the oven is not in service. (4) Gas-buming systems, (i) lique fied petroleum gas shall be stored and distributed in accordance with the re quirements of 9 1910.110. (ii) Inspirators on atmospheric (lowpressure) gas-buming systems shall be so constructed and machined as to in sure correct alignment of the sas jet with the axis of the inspirator. Air adjust ments or shutters on inspirators on at mospheric gasbuming systems shall either be permanently fixed or else pro vided with a locking device to positively prevent accidental change of setting. The shutter shall be so located that adjust- BFG30499 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37, NO. 203--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 Safu ty and H FiAr/rn Standards-- C ontinued sgTsswz RULES AND REGULATIONS 22355 gPMUCft- Itidix' rfltt 29 CFR |1910--Occupational Safety and Health Standards--Coutliuied . | v .uject I ndex for 20 CFIL 1010--occupational Safety and Health Standards--Contintled: RULES AND REGULATIONS 22325 (10> Skids. Ci) ALL sharp comers or 'les be eliminated on all metal 3s. (ID AH edges and comers shall be protected on skids to prevent exposed splinters. (11) Ingredient premixers, emulsi fiers, etc. (i) All top openings shall be provided with covers attached to the machines. These covers should be so ar ranged and interlocked that power will be shutoff whenever the cover is opened to a point where the operator's fingers might come in contact with the beaters. (U) Portable electrical agitators for ingredient premixers shall have the at tachment cord so wired that the agitator will be grounded whenever it is connected to a source of power. (12) Chain tackle, (i) All chain tackle shall be marked prominently, perma nently, and legibly with maximum load capacity. (ii> All chain tackle shall be marked permanently, and legibly with minimum support specification. (iff) Safety hooks shall be used. (13) Trough hoists, etc. (i) All hoists shall be marked prominently, perma nently. and legibly with maximum load capacity. (ii) AH hoists shall be marked perma nently and legibly with minimum support specifications. CiiD Safety catches shall be provided for the chain so that the chain will hold the load in any position. (iv> Safety hooks shall be used. '14) Air-conditioning units, (i) All arp comers and edges shall be eliminated. (ii) On large units with doors to cham bers large enough to be entered, all door locks shall be operable from both inside and outside. (15) Pan washing, tanks. (D Counter balanced hinged covers, or sliding covers, shall be provided. (ii) The surface of the floor of the working platform shall be maintained in nonslip condition. (iii) Working platforms shall be kept at least 32 inches below the top of the tank or guardrail. (iv) AH electrical sockets in pan wash ing rooms shall be nonmetaOic and key less and other electrical equipment shall be moisture proof. (v> Power ventilated exhaust hoods shaU be provided over the tanks. (16) Pan washing machines. Sharp comers and edges shall be eliminated. (IT) Cake depositors. AH pinch points shall be eliminated, guarded, ox shielded so that Muj arms cannot reach these pinch points while the machine is in operation. (18) Icing machines. All pinch points shall be eliminated, or provided with guards or shields so hands and arms can not reach these pinch points while the machine is in operation. (19) Bread coolers, conveyor type. CD All pinch points shall be eliminated or 'T&rded. . (it) Stop bumpers on all delivery ends ^ conveyors shall be installed wherever manual removal of the product carried is practiced. ; (20) Bread coolers, rack type, (i) connections for the starting and stop Guardrails shall be installed to the cen ping of such devices shaU be employed. ter rack as it enters and leaves the cooler. (e) Mechanical control levers for (ii) AH door locks shaH be operable starting and stopping both. slicing from both within and outside the cooler. machine conveyors and wrapping ma (21) Bread and cake boxes, trays, etc. chines shaU be extended or so located (i) Sharp comers and edges shall be that an operator In one location can eliminated on metal parts. control both machines. Such levers (iii) AH wooden comers and edges should be provided wherever necessary, shaU be protected to prevent splinters. but these should be so arranged that (22) Doughnut machines. Separate there is only one station capable of start-, flues shall be provided, (1) for venting ing the wrapping machine and conveyor vapors from the frying section, and (ii) assembly, and this starting station for venting products of combustion from should be so arranged or guarded as to the combustion chamber used to heat the prevent accidental starting. The electric fat. control station for starting and stopping (23) Open fat kettles, (i) The floor the electric motor driving the wrapping around kettles shall be maintained in machine and conveyor should be located nonslip condition. near the clutch starting lever. (ii) Fire extinguishing devices suit (d) The transfer chain shall be com able for Class-B fires shaU be provided. pletely covered on aU sides, not just on See 1910.157. front and top. (iii) Goggles or face shields shaU be (2) Wrappers, (i) Any hand wheel provided to prevent injuries from hot fat which may be provided In order to turn splashes. the wrapping machine over by hand and (iv) The top of the kettle shall be not which may run continuously shall be a less than 36 inches above floor or work smooth, solid disk wheel. ing level. (ii) At the discharge end (or drive (24) Steam kettles. (1) Positive lock side) 'of the crossfeed conveyor there ing devices shall be provided to hold shall be either a one- or two-piece guard kettles in the desired position. in front of the crossfeed chain. (ii) Kettles with steam jackets shall (iii) Electrical heaters on wrappers be provided with safety valves in accord shall be protected by a cover plate prop ance with the ASME Pressure Vessel erly separated or insulated from the Code, Section VIiI, Unfired Pressure heaters in order that accidental contact Vessels, 1968. with this coverplate will not cause a bum (j) Slicers and wrappers--<1) to the operator. Slicers. (i) sprockets, chains, and V-belt (iv) Electric wiring for the wrapper drives on slicers shall be completely heaters shaU be so arranged that & mini enclosed. mum number of wires are used to con (Ii) AH slicing machines shall be pro nect the movable heaters assembly to vided with a mechanical device to push the permanent wiring of the machine. the last loaf through the slicer knives. This wiring shall be heat-resisting type (iii) The cover over the knife head of in accordance with the requirements of reciprocating-blade slicers shall be pro S 1910.320. vided with an interlocking arrangement (v) Power-driven friction rollers used so that the mmUrtne cannot operate un to feed paper into the wrapping machine less the cover is in place. shaU be provided with a guard over the (iv) On slicers with endless band knives, each motor shall be equipped with a magnet brake which operates whenever the motor is - not energized. Each door, panel, or other point of access to the cutting blades shall be arranged by means of mechanical or electric inter locks so that the motor will be de energized if all such access doors, panels, or access points are not (dosed. (v) When it is necessary to sharpen in-running nip point of the rubber rollers. (vi) The nip point, between the chain and sprocket of the loose wrap attach ment, shall be completely enclosed or guarded cm both sides in such a way that employee's fingers cannot get into this nip point. (vii) Sprocket, rhnln anri V-belt drives on wrappers shaU be completely enclosed. slicer blades on the machine, a barrier <k) Biscuit and cracker equipment-- Shan be provided leaving only sufficient (1) Meal, peanut, and fig grinders, (i) opening for the sharpening stone to If the hopper is removable it shaU be reach the knife blades. provided with an electric interlock so (vD Where pusher fingers attached that tiie machine cannot be put in opera to the feed chain enter the bed plate of tion when the hopper is removed. . . . the cross feed, the end guard shaU be (ii) Where grid guards cannot be used, extended to cover the pinch point. feed conveyors to hoppers, or baffle-type (vii) Slicer wrapper conditions: (a) hoppers, shaU be provided. Hoppers In Where the flight chain on the slicer turns such cases shall be enclosed and pro under the bed plate on the crossfeed to vided with hinged covers, and equipped the wrapper, a spring-hinged section of with electric interlock to prevent opera bed plate shall be provided so that there tion of the machine with the cover open. Is no shear point between the flight chain ; . (2) Sugar and spice pulverizers, (i) and the bed plate. AH drive; belts used in connection with (b) Wrapping and slicing machines sugar' and; spice pulvizers shall be obtained from separate manufacturers, grounded by of metal combs or shaU be instRHwf and connected so that .other effective of removing static the chains, sprockets,.belts, and moving electricity. AU pulverizing of"sugar or parts are properly guarded. Safe Inter spice grinding shaU be dofie jn accord- no. 202--Pt. n-------29 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 37, NO. 202--WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1972 BFG30498