Document dYMbQne8JwYexJkLy1MxN0kgG

38--Industrial Toxicology apparatus with full face piece should be used under severe exposure conditions such as would be encountered in moderate spills or equipment failures Because ethyl acrylate may penetrate the skin and cause dermatitis and possibly sensi tization, all skm areas should be protected against intermittent contact with the liquid Impervious clothing including gloves of rub ber, neoprene or certain plastics should be worn and should be cleaned on both sides after each usage Because ethyl acrylate is a flammable liquid with a low flash point, it should be stored and handled awav from excessive heat, flame, and sparks In the case of over-exposure, the victim should be removed to an uncontaminated at mosphere and administered artificial respira tion In all cases emergency treatment should be instituted promptly and a physician sum moned Ethylamine is a volatile material with an ammonia-like odor which is identical m its effects with diethylamine Quantitatively, ethylamine is probably slightly less irritating, but probably not enough to make any prac tical difference Ethylbenzene (phenylethane) is a chemical intermediate and lacquer diluent and is often found m appreciable quantities in commercial petroleum solvents For both acute and chronic exposures, its health hazard is mod erate Absorption is mainly by inhalation, and eye irritation begins at about 200 ppm Higher concentrations produce tearing of the eyes, nasal irritation, and narcosis Ethylbenzene is considered the most severe skin irritant of the benzene senes, although it does not have the deletenous effect on the blood-forming organs that benzene does No report of injury from mdustnal use has been recorded Animal studies of chronic vapor inhalation show no significant effects Ethyl bromide (bromoethane) is one of the less toxic halogenated hydrocarbons It is used as an anesthetic for minor surgery to some extent Inhalation in high concentra tions (5 to 10 percent) or for a long time in low concentration (0 3 percent) will produce 1144 lung irritation and edema and injury to the liver and kidneys Ethyl chloride (chloroethane) is similar in its effects to ethyl bromide but considerably less toxic It is used as an anesthetic or anal gesic for minor surgery, both by refrigeration and by general anesthesia Ethylene chlorohydrin is used as a solvent for resins and lacquers, as a chemical inter mediate, and in agriculture to reduce the dormant period of potatoes It has produced fatal poisonings It is dangerous, especially because it is not irritating to inhale, and is rapidly absorbed through the skm either as the pure liquid or from water solution Since this material is both soluble in, and dissolves in rubber, it is absorbed by rubber gloves and penetrates them so that they offer no pro tection from the liquid or its solution in water and may, in fact, be an added hazard The lethal dose for a man is certainly not more than 5 ml when held in contact with the skin Inhalation of 2 ppm of ethylene chlorohydnn for one hour, repeated once, was fatal for rats according to one report Ethylenediamine is an extremely hygro scopic liquid which fumes in air It can be recognized by its ammonia-like odor It pre sents a moderate health hazard for both acute and chronic exposures Its effects are primarily irritation of the mucous membranes and skm The liquid causes immediate skin damage with blistering Skin and respiratory sensitization may follow exposure to low vapor concentrations Ethylene dibromide--see 1,2-Dibromoethane. Ethylene dichloride--see 1,2-Dichloroeth ane. Ethylene glycol, because of its low vapor pressure, is not an inhalation hazard in in dustry Serious poisonings have resulted from either inadvertent or intentional drinking of glycol-base antifreeze It severely damages the kidneys and injures the brain, mainly be cause it is catabolized to oxalic acid and pre cipitates calcium oxalate in the kidneys and