Document dY0ZOjVx5vV3p1QLoE8RqxEL5

Table I---Fuel Costs to* Heating; Northwest U. S. NhI OU Qu, aid Em- , Cwl per Sa(NlMI peiri' Btu *7 att, ihIIIIm, Annoel wtl lr Met PWc fntmtn *4 A Btm cmI* pomp COP 03.5 19.00 per too 20,000,000 per toe OS $0.09 $115 10.0001 per twhr 0.09 per t*l HO^OOO per |aJ 71 045 111 0B1 per kwhr 0.00 per onifl $70 per cu It 75 1.40 U4 0.017 per tewtir MeilmiaaOeraenO -S3,000 Btu per leiOtOpi ttoomten It 7: hnihl mm ><IH dq diyi Table ||--Fuel Costs for Hooting; Northeast U. 5. Meet epuree Prlc* 0t (MleleW tm- Cetl ieeety per #al--hml pewer ( uee, pUNm, 5nnaol Mil fee Aeel % Bin ftt' pt,"ap the area of the main ducr^fS combined erea of all braacbST 20%. This criterion hi held ^ and inadequate. -iyd The authors, alter eeadudfi^ onalysis of the particular coveted by codes, recoamasdijdl specific end quantitative design^ should not be included Iq leyt.],1 These should be Incorporated itrtfcj lions or in advisory 6ftdardvto-a a greater flexibility In ASffFE Paper. Amhractt* coal tnoker) 0(1 OlMUtwiI On, aid $11.10 per tv ST .000.008 per tan 0.007 pe* **4 140BOO per tel 0.75.0.J# per J.050 per raft n cu ft OB) per A cu ft SSD per raft COP *3.5 01 $0.03 $iM 0B075 per kwhf 75 003 105 0.001 per kwhf 75 0.03-0.4S 190-95 04114.006 per kwhr 75 1.50 315 0.019 pet kwhr *Mctftifn demand --100,090 Bin per Or; dAlpa temper*lore --0 P; beetla# *euon 5400 deg day* THE HEAT PUMP A Hoot Pomp In pft Offiea Ralldlng, by J Donald Krcecker end Hay C Chetoning, consulting engineers, Port land, Ore. Well paler serves as the source of heat for the building's needs In the winter months. Its cost is that of pumping it to the required floor level. In addition, heat is recovered from exhaust ventilation air; and waste cooling water heats the ventilation air to produce an estimated one-third re duction of bent requirements. Auto matic switchover from heating lo cool ing or the reverse is possible in ibis 12-slory office building equipped with the largest heel pump in the U. 5. Water is drawn at different tempera tures from wells at two levels. Circulat ing air acts as the beat-transfer medium. ASHVE Paper. Economic and Teehnlep] Aspects of the Heat Pomp, by IP E Johnson, Air Conditioning Dept, General Electric Co. The more southerly portions of the U. S- seem the meet favorable market for the heal pump. Requirements for design heating about equal those for cooling. To be economical, advantage must be taken of full year-round heat* ing and air conditioning. Thio limits the market to the field of higher-priced homes. Commercial applications arc more favored because they have a higher in ternal beat gain than do houses. Human being), lights, motors, all tend to re duce winter heating load and increkse summer cooling load to give a mure desirable balance' between loads and seasons. A typical domestic case showed that individual cost of the heat pump is determined by a balance between summer and winter loads set at 40 F for a winter design temperature. Below 40 F the cost of equipment is deter mined by the summer cooling load. Tables, above, show fuel costs for beat ing in the northcoitem and northwest ern section# of the country. With a typical commercial installs, lion, aided by Internal heat gains that maintained o temperature difference of 15 degrees, foods equalised at 12 F, winter design temperature. The beat pump becomes competitive in regions where (1) design tempera tures are moderate (2) electrical energy costs one cent or leas. Operating costs based on two commercial and one residential installation showed that power was consumed at the rate o[ H to % kwhr per degree day per installed hp ol compressor. riSNKE Paper. State Low* Concerning Industrial Ex. haust Ventilation, by Knowlten / Capton, Michigan Dept of Health, and Alien D Brandt, Bethlehem Steel Co. Twenty-five states hove only very gen. ernl requirements concerning health conditions in industry. Only six states have what may.be regarded os a reasonably complete code or set of standards covering a number of typical operations or exhaust hood types. Two of these six require that HEAT EXCHAN6i|| The Effect of Baffle Height iod:D^I Clearance on Heat TrausCe* mb pjgfl sure Drop In Heat EttbiQi^Tr Byron E Short, University o/.f2fl Baffle height lor a given weightatbSM flowing through tho exchanger aftsfl (1) velocity of fluid through the Cj^jj opening (2\ average velocity iWtftfl the tube bundle (3) turbulence sijgH baffle end In the tube bundle. As baffle height is increased .gjal traction effect of the fluid mcim%8 duces through tho baffle opealsglMa the core of the stream moves isnlSa - from the tube-bundle center. TttmsJ lence also Increases. In additioo|wfl| the same fluid velocity through the'jjidA opening, heat tiahilci and gteafflj drop decrease with Increased bafl M*hi. 4i*L H&(Ee-to-shell clearance tSeciiljer^ {Continued on page 133) NOW TO OBTAIN COMPUTE TEXT vj* Material appearing In thus luanlh's briefs comes from on* Wtf _ tliefe two soureei: fl Amsrieon Society of Jlfcctauesltl " fofwwri, annual meeting, City, N. I., Dec. 1-5, 1947. P*pW are identified by initials ASMEsndij paper No. Available while taptUk lasts ot American Society ffc Mechanics) E|locr*, S9 W Wth^ St. New York, N. Y. "* American Society of Heating *, M Ventilating Engineers, annual In*. New York, P*. Y. Fab. 1948. Taper* are identified by rials ASI1V& Aisllthle while ' ply lasts at American Soeiety Heating and Veniilalin$ Euglnn^b^ 5| Madison Ave, New York. i UO 1315) POWER Mir 1 kgiving power LOWING PAINS? 4 ii ns GBOWING pains ofindustrial ex pansion may be straining your power or boiler plant facilities be yond the. limits of really efficient operation. Your increasing require m ments may necessitate moderniza tion or replacement of equipment to'prevent plant failure. These growing demands indicatethe need for fl sound analysis of your existingboiler or powerplanta. After a thorough check-up, your Consult ing Engineers will be able tosuggest the methods and the modem equip ment for major improvements in capacity and operating economy. Then you will want to call in the DRAVO Power Plant Specialiats. These men can be of real service in carrying out the recommendations of your Consulting Engineers; they've had wide experience in re lieving power growing pains by in stalling new equipment or by modernization of existing facilities. DRAVO-built and DRAVO-equipped plants serve all industry--steel plants, coal mines, oil refineries, chemical manufacturers, etcetera. Wherever you need additionalboiler or power capacity DRAVO special ists can be of real assistance. Bulletin INL50A Antnbra, in detail, how DRAVO power plant experience vnU seroe you. -----~-- TJIUSCW WlljMINCTON * PHU.A06t.PHIA WA5HINOTOH NEW YORK OETffOfT ____ CliVlYAND UioittUI H*tl*| **S Vlitllitlai W a*tlw VliMti 4t P**fl* SUtlMS * V.*.w n_ tl ft C*tA*Mf* k*k* ta*OtaU, lrw* t-fSI'HBiltl. St**- **4 T**Mti * InWH *# BvtM Wbit*rw D*aU Pm* Kiumi < !<(mm cpultl CfMa*sHinz'tlwt 'OM1*UnI Vlwrt* * C**cr*ti Mk****Ut 4 lalnt 6h*r f rtniMrtitlM ** afftN (MM # Otrdfl lull ,