Document dQbE9OjJk110nm0xm3vX7rZKQ

FILE NAME: Asbestos Textile Product Use (ATPU) DATE: 1982 DOC#: ATPU017 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Medical Journal Abstracts continuous administration oi tetrandnne. such cases, the resulting clinical and radiological accumulation of the drug in liver, lung, kidney. and picture can give rise to some confusion. It is suggested adrenal gland was observed. The amount of drug that exposure to asbestos leads to changes in the stored in the organs increased with the quantity of bronchi and the lung parenchyma which can facilitate drug given to the animal. growth of the fungus. It is also possible that asbestos 13.4.3. Asbestos dust; asbestosis 2141. Effect of BCG on experimental asbestosis - Zaidi can affect the immune system in such a way that the body's anti-fungal defences are weakened. The aspergillus infection can mimic a tumor and/or lead to S.H., Bhattacheijee J.W., Dogra R.K.S. and Saxena obstructive symptoms, and in one of the cases R.P. - lnd. Toxicol. Res. Cent., Lucknow-226001 1ND - described an infected empyema was found. IND. HEALTH 1982 20/2 (129-137) Chrysotile inoculated intratracheally into normal and BCG immunised guinea pigs incited a macrophage response and reticulin fibrosis. The immunised animals showed a more rapid localisation of pulmonary lesions and disappearance of the chrysotile fibers leading to accelerated focal fibrosis. A more rapid transport of chrysotile to the lymph nodes of immunised animals was also observed. These findings suggest that BCG vaccine can influence the development of pathological lesions of asbestosis in guinea pigs by inducing them earlier and more rapidly. 2142. Asbestos-related diseases - Casey K.R., Rom W.N. and Moatamed F. - Div. Resp., Critic. Care Occup. Med., Rocky Mountain Health, Univ. Utah Coll. Med., Salt Lake City, UT USA - CUN. CHEST MED. 1981 2/2(179-202) Exposure to asbestos is an important public health hazard in all industrialized societies. The literature of asbestos and its biological effects is formidable in size and scope. This discussion will summarize the current knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical features of asbestos-related diseases with emphasis on controversies and new developments in 2145. Morphology of malignant tumors in asbestosis (Czch) - Haskovcova I. and Dobias J. - II Patol. Anat. Ust. FVL UK, Praha CSK - PRAC. LEK. 1982 34/8 (277-279) - summ in ENGL, RUSS In 10 persons deceased in the years 1971-1980 who had been regularly followed as effected by occupational asbestosis affection, bronchogenic cancer was observed in five cases and diffuse malignant mesothelioma in five cases also. Although the connection between cancer and exposure to asbestos has not been always univocal, mesothelioma appears to be unquestionably the consequence of this exposure. 2146. 'Oxalate bodies', another reaction of the human lung to asbestos inhalation? - De Vuyst P., Jedwab J., Robience Y. and Yernault J.C. - Chest Dep. Clin. Univ., Bruxelles BEL -EUR. J. RESPIR. DIS. 1982 63/6 (543-549) A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed in a 23year-old insulation worker enabled the recovery of amosite fibres coated with crystalline particles, which were identified as calcium oxalates by micro mineralogical techniques (polarizing microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and X-ray diffraction). our understanding. 2143. Lung disorders resulting from the inhalation of metals - Brooks S.M. - Clin. Studies Div., Univ. Cincinnati Med. Cent., Cincinnati, OH USA - CLIN. CHEST MED. 1981 2/2(235-254) This was the first time that such particles were recovered by BAL. These 'oxalate bodies' appear, besides the classical asbestos bodies, as another possible type of reaction of the human lung to inhalation of asbestos. A problem in identifying affected individuals may be 2147. Dust from working with asbestos or cement as a related to the fact that oftenjust a small number of complex noxa mixture (Germ) - BEARBEITUNGSSTAUBE workers are employed in any single operation or VON ASBESTZEMENT ALS KOMPLEXES industry in which there is metal dust exposure. s c h a d s t o f f g e m is c h - Roedelsperger K., Manke J., Consequently, medical and environmental information Brueckel B. et al. - Inst. Arbeits- Sozialmed., Justus- may not be as readily available as it might be in larger Liebig-Univ., 6300 Giessen GFR -ARBEITSMED. industries where occupational health programs are SOZIALMED. PRAVENT1VMED. 1982 17/10 (257-261) - better developed, regulated, and supervised. Another summ in ENGL consideration is that many of the metal In a study of construction sites in Hessen asbestos pneumoconioses cause only chest radiographic cement fine and total dust mass concentrations were alterations and are not associated with significant measured on 89 construction sites by static and medical disability or symptoms. Because of this, there personal sampling. For craftsmen themselves cutting may be less interest or impetus to monitor these with the grinding machine the mean fine dust mass workers. However, many of the metals described in this concentration amounts to 1.8 mg/m3during roof chapter are extremely important, having critical uses coverings with corrugated sheets, 1.3 mg/m3during and demands. Because of increasing demands, the use siding work, 2.8 mg/m3during installation of and need for these metals will generally increase over ventilation shafts and 1.8 mg/m3during installation of the next 10 years, with the result that greater numbers pipes. During fire insulation, 1.5 mg/m3were reached of workers will be exposed to them in the future. Thus without the grinding machine. The analysis of harmful practicing physicians need to be made more aware of components was performed by infrared spectroscopy, the presence and manifestations of the various metal analytical electron microscopy and atomic absorption pneumoconioses, and the occupations in which they spectroscopy. Asbestos fine dust mass concentration are likely to occur. above the limit value (TRK) especially resulted from 2144. Asbestos exposure and aspergillus infection Hillerdal G. and Heckscher T. - Dep. Lung Med., S personal sampling during the use of the grinding machine and from operation within doors. 75014 Uppsala SWE - EUR. J. RESPIR. DIS. 1982 63/5 (420-424) - summ in FREN 2148. Asbestos fibres released from thermic cloths: A true occupational hazard - Loi A.M., Paggiaro P.L., Four cases of asbestos-related changes of the lung I Serretti N. et al. - 1st. Metodol. Clin. Lav., 56100 Pisa complicated by aspergillus infection are described. In ITA - G. 1TAL. MED. LA V. 1982 4/3 (117-120) r -summ in Section 35 vol 13.7 fMeJl 405it. &.,! The authors point out the possibility that asbestosis can be detected or almost suspected in workers exposed to asbestos fibres released from thermic curtains or clothes in various industrial environments. They report the case of seven workers of a metallurgic plant; these workers had been exposed to such a risk and showed 10 to 23 years later a radiological appearance of interstitial fibrosis with a slight or moderate respiratory impairment. 2149. Experimentally induced mesothelioma in white rats in response to intrapcritoneal administration of amorphous crocidolite asbestos: Preliminary report Kolev K. - Sci. Res. Inst. Hyg. Occup. Dis., Ind. Aerosols Lab., 1431 Sofia B\JL-ENVIRON. RES. 1982 29/1 (123-133) The experiment was performed on white rats that were administered intraperitoneally two types of crocidolite asbestos: fibrous and amorphous. The fibrous structure, with fiber length ranging between 3 and 5 gm, and the amorphous state of the second type were proved by electron microscopy and infrared spectrophotometry. In the-group treated with amorphous asbestos, at an average interval of 484 days after the administration, eight cases of mesothelioma were observed, while in the group treated with fibrous asbestos only three cases of mesothelioma were found, i.e., the results obtained show a statistically significant difference. The fibrous structure of asbestos as the predominant cause of peritoneal mesothelioma induction is questioned and a new explanation of the fact that amorphous asbestos induces approximately three times as many cases of mesothelioma than fibrous asbestos is considered. 2150. Evolution of asbestos disease of the remaining lung of patient pneumonectomized for lung cancer (Ital) - EVOLUZIONE DELLA MALATTIA ASBESTOSICA NEL POLMONE RESIDUO DI UN PAZIENTE PNEUMONECTOMIZZATO PER NEOPLASIA POLMONARE - Tomasini M. and Lo Cicero G. - Ist'..Med. Lav., Clin. Lav. L. Devoto, Univ. Studi, Milano ITA - MED. LA V. 1982 73/5 (539-545) - summ in ENGL A follow-up over a period of eleven years of the evolution of a case of asbestosis in a patient who had undergone pneumonectomization for lung cancer, who in the years subsequent to the operation developed a delayed impairment of diffusion function of the remaining lung and right ventricular hypertrophy. 2151. Adsorption of nucleic acids on asbestos fibers in vitro - Misra V., Rahman Q. and Viswanathan P.N. Ind. Toxicol. Res. Cent., Lucknow IND - TOXICOL LETT. 1983 15/2-3(187-191) Adsorption of DNA and RNA, accompanied by liberation of orthophosphate, occurred on contact with chrysotile asbestos fibers. This indicated that interaction of macromolecules and their components may be a factor, possibly involved in the manifestation of the toxic effect of asbestos fibers. 14. INFECTIONS AND TOXINS 2152. Which travelers ought to be immunized against hepatitis? (Germ) - w e l c h e n a u s l a n d r e is e n d e n is t EIN IMPFSCHUTZ GEGEN HEPATITIS ZU EMPFEHLEN? - Apotheloz M., Grob PJ., Steffen R. and Schar M. Inst. Soz. Praventivmed., Univ. Zurich, 8006 Zurich SWI - SOZ. PRAVENTIVMED. 1982 27/5 (264-265) summ in ENGL, FREN This review compares three studies which assessed 406 the risk of hepatitis in travelers. From these data it can be deduced that passive and possibly active immunization are indicated for selected groups only. 14.2. Zoonoses 2153. Decontamination of a Histoplasma capsulatuminfested bird roost in Illinois - Bartlett P.C., Weeks R.J. and Ajello L. - Coll. Vet. Med., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824 USA - ARCH. ENVIRON. HEALTH 1982 37/4 (221-223) Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from 27 of 34 soil specimens collected from a 3.23-hectare (8-acre) estate in Illinois that had been the site of a bird roost for more than 10 yr. When the estate was sold to a developer for the construction of a shopping center, it was feared that disturbing the roost would cause airborne transmission of spores of H. capsulatum and thus create a public health hazard for the workmen and surrounding community. To prevent this, the bird roost was decontaminated with the application of 3,785 ml (1 gallon) of 3% formalin per square foot of soil. Safety precautions were taken to minimize the inhalation of dust and formalin by the decontamination team. Thirty-five soil specimens collected after application of the formalin were negative for H. capsulatum. No cases of histoplasmosis occurred among the decontamination workers, construction crews, or the general population. The total cost of the decontamination project was $75,000. 2154. Leptospirosis - Robertson M.H. - Dep. Microbiol., Princess Alexander Hosp., Harlow, Essex GBR - PRACTITIONER 1982 226/1371 (1552-1557) Prevention is a matter of simple hygiene and good housekeeping in the workplace combined with education of the workers. Leptospirae are easily killed by changes in their environment. Weil's disease was prevalent in the Aberdeen fish market but not in Grimsby (Hampson, 1946) or Glasgow (Goudie, Weir and Wilson,>1952) because the gutting tables in Aberdeen were washed down with tap water of nearly neutral pH in which leptospirae survive, while in Grimsby sea water was used and in Glasgow the workers were using brine and kippering fluid, all of which are leptospirocidal. The sheds in all three ports were equally rat-infested. Washing down the tables, floors and fish boxes in Aberdeen with hypochlorite disinfectant combined with vigorous anti-rat measures eliminated the disease. Similarly, in coal mines the closing down or drainage of wet waterlogged workings, the abolition of underground pit-pony stables, improved anti-rat measures, and improved treatment for minor injuries banished leptospirosis from the miners. Sewage workers are now well aware of the disease and infections are unusual. In recent cases among trout farmers conditions on the affected farm were not good and the area was heavily rat-infested. This has now been corrected. In summary, prevention consists of: anti-rat measures in the workplace; drainage of waterlogged areas; appropriate use of disinfectants; provision of protective clothing for the workers; early treatment of skin abrasions; and prevention of accidental immersion in canals and ponds. Immunization is possible and has been used in Japanese coal miners and Italian rice farmers (Alston and Broom, 1958). Reactions were frequent and the trials, although extensive, were not very well controlled. They were successful nevertheless in reducing the incidence of the disease. The problem in Britain in recent years has not been great enough to Section 35 vol 13.7