Document dDnGdKJXxmabw5y1nx2jVm3rQ

TABLE 44-A CLASSIFICATION OF ISOTOPES ACCORDING TO RELATIVE RADIOTOXICITY PER UNIT ACTIVITY The isotopes in each class are listed in order of increasing atomic number CLASS 1 Sr-90 + Y-90. `Pb-210 + Bi-210 (Ra D + E). Po-210, At-211, Ra-226 + 55 per cent (very high toxicity) `daughter products, Ac-227, `U-233, Pu-239, *Am-241, Cm-242 CLASS 2 (high toxicity) CLASS 3 (moderate toxicity) Ca-45, *Fe-59, Sr-89, Y-91, Ru-106 + *Rh-106. *1-131. *Ba-140 + La-140, Ce-144+ `Pr-144, Sm-151, *Eu-154, *Tm-170, *Th-234 + *Pa-234, `natural uranium `Na-22, *Na-24, P-32, S-35, CI-36, *K-42. `Sc-46, Sc-47, `Sc-48, *V-48, *Mn-52. *Mn-54, *Mn-56, Fe-55, *Co-58, `Co-60, Ni-59, `Cu-64, *Zn-6S, *Ga-72, `As-74, `As-76, `Br-82, Rb-86, `Zr-95 + `NB-95, *Nb-95, *Mo-99, Tc-98, *Rh-105, Pd-103 + Rh-103, *Ag-105, Ag-111, Cd-109 + *Ag-109, *Sn-113. *Te-127, *Te-129. *1-132, Cs-137 + *Ba-137, *La-140, Pr-143. Pm-147, *Ho-166, *Lu-177, Ta-182, `W-181, `Re-183, `lr-190, *lr-192, Pt-191, *Pt-193, `Au-196, *Au-198, *Au-199, TI-200, TI-202, TI-204, `Pb-203 CLASS 4 (slight toxicity) H-3, `Be-7, C-14, F-18, `Cr-51. Ge-71. `TI-201 `Gamma-emitters From Safe Handling of Radioisotopes. Safety Senes No 1 International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna TABLE 44-B TYPE OF LABORATORY OR WORKING PLACE REQUIRED FOR ISOTOPES OF INCREASING RADIOTOXICITY Radiotoxicity of tsotopes Minimum significant quantity Type of laboratory or working place required Type C Good Chemical Laboratory Type B Radioisotope Laboratory Type A High Level Laboratory Very high High Moderate Slight 0 1 pc 1 0 pc 10 pc 100 pc 10 pc or less 100 pc or less 1 me or less 10 me or less 10 pc-- 10 me 100 pc -- 100 me 1 me -- 1 c 10 me -- 10 c 10 me or more 100 me or more 1 c or more 10 c or more Procedure Storage (stock solutions) Very simple wet operations Normal chemical operations Complex wet operations with nsk of spills Simple dry operations Dry and dusty operations Modifying factor x 100 x 10 x1 3 01 X 001 NOTE Modifying factors should be applied to the quantities shown in the last three columns as follows, according to the complexity of the procedures to be followed Factors are suggested only because due regard must be paid to the cir cumstances affecting individual cases From 'Safe Handling of Radioisotopes Safety Senes No I International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienne 1453