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Analysisof Flu -- wwwq Uboratory Report AnalysisofFluorochemicalsinWild Bird Livers LaboratoryReport No. FACT-GEN-010 LR U2392 TestingLaboratory 3M EnvironmentaTlechnology& SafetyServices 3M EnvironmentalLaboratory FluorineAnalyticaClhemistryTeam (FACT) 2-3E-09 935 Bush Avenue, St.PauL NdN 55106 Laboratory Contact Kris Hansen, Ph.D. Bldg.2-3E-09 P.O. Box 3331 St PauL UN 55133-3331 Phone: (651)778-6018 FAX: (651)778-6176, Requester 3MLVP7RONMENTAL LABORATORY RF.PORTMO.FACT-GEiVO10 Sixtlyivesramplecsollectferdomvariousspeciesofbirdswere characterizweidthrespectospecific fluorochemicalsn.e birdswere classifiaecdcordingtospecieand geographiclocationS.ix speciesof birds are represented in thisstudy, including S:%ndhillCranes, Double-Crested Cormorants, White Pelicans, Brown Pelicans, Great Blue Herons, and Brandt's Cormorants. The bird were found at a varietyof sites acrosstheUnitedStateisncludinNgebraska,New Mexico,FloridaA,rizona,CaliforniaL,ouW=, and Florida.Ingeneral,thecauseof deathtothesebirdsisunknown. Detailsaboutthelocatioenach birdwas foundand aboutthecauseof death(ifknown) areincludedinAppendixC ofthisreport. Liversampleswere homogenizedand extracteudsingan ion-pak* extractipornoceduren.e ex== were quantitativealnyalyzedforPFOS and PFOSA usinghigh-pressurleiquid chmmatography/electrosprtaayndem mass spe=metry MLPC/ESMSMS), and evaluatevdersusa standardcurveexftwtedfrom rabbitliver.Analyticadletailasrezvauableinthestudybindermaintained by FACT inthe3M EnvironmentalLab. The presenceor absenceofotherknown fluorochemical contaminantsand metabolite(sPFOSAA, M556, M570, POAA, M513, PFHS, and PFDS) was determined by inspectioonf HPLC/ESMSMS analysiosf2 birdliverwsithineachgroup.A fullisotf acronyms is attachedinAppendix B. With theexceptionofmost oftheSandO Cranesand a singleBrown Pelicanfrom Californiat,heextracts from theliverosfallofft birdswere determinedtocontaiPnFOS abovethemethod limitofqm=atim (I%ML = 10 ppb).F-,&= from theliverosfdm of15 SandhiUCrmm showedsome PFOS; two ofthese extractcsorgamed PFOS levelsvery neartheMDL. Extractsfrom one Brandt'sComomnt from San Diego,CA and one WhitePelicanf,romCgipat* CA showed PFOS levelisngreatexcessofthosedftmmed intheotmu from otherbu-dswithinthesarn classificat(i>o2n0xforthecormorantand nearlylOx forthepehma). Ifftm two outlyinpgointsare removed and PFOS levelswithina particulacrlassificatiaorneaveraged,some generalobservationbsased on thegeographicallocatioonfthebirds'habitactanbe niadt With theexceptionoftheSandhilClranes,ingencrallhw from birdscollectefdrom thewesternUS (San Diego,CA, Cahpama, CA,) show relativelyow levelsofPFOS, withan averageoflessthan50 ppb. Livers from birdscollecteodn theEastCoastoftheUS Ovfiam@Naples,and FL LauderdaleF,L) show moderate PFOS levelsa,pproxanatel1y05 ppb. Extractfsrom birdfivercsollectefdromtheCentralUS (LA and NV) were dewmiined tocontainthehighestlevelsofPFOS, approxii@ly 300 ppb. Itisunlikeltyhatthediffmmces associatewdithPFOS levelsintheliverasrepurelya fimctionofspecies.In more thanone ftizmm, thesame speciesofbirdlivingina dfferemcmiromnent showed significantly differerPdFOS levelsF.or example,liverscollectefdrom whrtepelicanisnCaliforniwaere determinedto' containan averagePFOS concentratioonf58 ppb,whilelivercsollectefdrom Wlute PelicansinNevada showed averagePFOS levelsofover 350 ppb. &-mdhm Cranesarean oweptionto thisobservationa,sthe liverfsrom tluw birdswere &immuned tobe uniformlylow inPFOS, regardlesosfthegeographiclocatlon ofthebirds. With theexceptionoftheSandhilClmnes, liverexn= from atleastoneofthetwo birdss=med within each classificatwieorne determinedtocontainPFDS. Lim aKu= fromseveraslpeciesi,ncludingI qandhillCrane,were determinedtocontaina smallamount ofPFHS. Nearly20% oftheliverexfta= were determinedtocontaina mmU amotmt ofPFOSA. No POAA, M513, M556, M570, orPFOSAA was de=W intheliverextractfsr= any ofthebirds.Appendix A containtsluw results. Tlus datainchmtesthatpotentiagleograpluctrendsassociatewdiththemmmmnental chstnbutioonfPFOS and otherfluorochmmcalmsay be M=ble by chmwtmu=m oflow-leveolfthesecompounds in:inirrlil tissuesamples. 3UEtVP7RQ,\',V;-:LNATBAOLRATORY REPORT NO. FACT-GENOI0 Althougrhigoroquusalictoyntrmoelasureasnd3M EnvimmnentLaalboratoSrtyandarOdperating Procedureswere fbuowed, theacquisitioonfthisdatawas notnecessarilcyollecteadccordingtoapplicable Good LaboratoryPracticesI.bisdataisnotsuitablfeor&tabutiontoany govm=erit agencyindefenseof productsuitabiliotrysafetyR.esultsshouldbe consideredtobe mni-quantitatlvDea.ta presentedhereisthe highestqualitdyataara&ble atthistime. ......................... .................................. On 5/5/98,JeanBurrisfrom 3M O=ipationalMedicinedehwred thebirdEversamplestotheEnvirorancntal Lab; san4)lewsere receivedfrozen.The sampleswere originallsyenttoGeary Olsen(3M Occupational Nieffimneb)y ScottP Hansen oftheNationalWildlifHeealthCerda inNtidwn, W=nsm Tb= isno holdingft= m7itenassociatewdith thesesamplesforLCIESMSNZ arm@m& ........................................... . ..........................I.......... ............................................. Analyticalmethods FACr-M-1.0, ExtractioonfPotassiumPerfluooctanesulfonoartOetherAnionicFluorochmmcal Surfa@ts from LiverforAnalysisUsingBPLC/ESMS FACT-M-2.0, AnalysisofFluorochemicalisnLiverFx= UsingBPLC-ElectrosprayNIm Spectrometry Sample preparation- aqueous samples,BPLC/ESMSMS: ion-pairinegxtraction Armlyteiso=cted froma muple matrixwithionp=ng reagent[tetrabutaymlmomun hydrogen sulfate (MA)l ina ph-controllednviro=enl The cationirceagentselec&dy targetasnionicfluorochemicals. Once theanion-TBA pairisformed,theanalyteistand@@ intoa nm-polarorganicsolvent(ethyl a=te), drieda,nd remnstitateidnnxlhmol forMS analysis. HPLCIESMS and HPLCFESMSMS: fordetaileqdualitatiwvoerik In BPLC, an aliquotofextr= ismjwtrd and passedthrougha reverspehaseliquidchromatographic columrl Based on theaffinitoyftheamlyteforthestationarpyhaseinthecolumn relativteotheliquid mobilephase,theanalyteisretainedfora characteristaimcount oftirm.For example,ina standard solutioPnFOS may eluteat8.0nibmtes.Reteritimtimesbetweena standardPFOS solutioannd the analyte=acted from liverinthisanalysiwsere matchedon theHPLC systm to,@mthin10/c. FollowingBPLC separationE,SMSNIS providesa rapidand accuratemeans foranalyzinga wide rangeof orgainccompounds,=Iudnig fluoroch=cal& Ele=spray, an ion=m techruquuesedprimarilfyor detectioonfmolecularions,isgeneralloyperatedatrelativerlmyldternperatl=.Moleculesareion=d, and a primaryion,cbamamisticoftheanalytei,sselecteaMiisim isbombarded withhigh-energygas; subsequentcollisionmsate mnauer secondaryionicfragmentsuniquetothepnnim ion,which are detected. ]Forexample,forPFOS (C@FIISO@)analysisi,m 499 isselecteadsthecharacteristpircimaryion. Thision isfragmentedintootherionssuchas80 amii(co=sponding toS03),and230 arna(C3F@S%). Each of thesesecondaryfragmentsisdetectedand can be usedtodfferentlaPtFeOS from otherCompounds that rni& have thesame diwactmstic499 arauprimaryion,butchfferencthmrucalcompositionasnd secondaryionfragmentatiopnat=. 3MENP7RONMEjVTAL L4BORATORY PEPORTNO. FACT-GENOIO 5.1 Calibration A n@d-leve@extractemdatrixcanmtion checkstandaridsanalyzedevery5-10samplestomonitor hi-mmental dra Calibratido=nk sLvWardsam cc)mpli= ifinstrumentalresponse iswithin+/-300/cof theexpectedvalue. Quantitatiofnthetargeatnalyteissbasedon linearegessionarwysi!wse@ightedI/x,oftwo extracted ma= carvebsracketinegachgroupofsamples.Quar=&on ofeachanalytiesbasedm theresponseofa sp=ficdaughteirm usingffimeultiplremponse-morutonnmgodr.ofthemsftmnmilThe secondcurve was notusedforPFOS detmmmauon, bracketincgalibraticohneclmwereallcomphan@ sotlusexclusion doesnotevmwly affectthedataquality 5.2 Blanks Two O=cton blm*s,uftimngwaterasmmgate matrixa,m o=cted witheachb=h ofsamples. Ackhtionalltyw;osamplesofblankmamx, usedforthe=fta@ calibraticounrvesa,m extracteadlong witheachbatchofsamplesand curves. Blanksam comph= ifno targeatngyteisdetecteadbovethehnutofdetectiofnoraspomficanalyteI.n thisft*,allblmkswerecompliant 5.3 Surrogates Tetra-hydrpoernuorow=e sulfonatiesusedas a surrogatien thisanalysisS.urrogatreesponseis monitoretdocon&m grossftztamcnw faili=i,fnecessary. 5.4 Matrix Spikes Duplicatmeatrixspikeanalyseusthzmg alltargeatnalytewsereprepareadndanalyzedfmm San&& m-ancliverP.xcoverieosfPFOS andPFOSA werewithintheacceptablreangeof70-130% 5.5 LaboratoryControlSamples LaboratorCyontrolSamplesarenota componentofthis tL*. 5.6 Sample Related Comments Matnx sp@= werepreparefdora smglespemeofbutt ltisassumedThatspikerecoveneswouldbe similafrorallspeciesN.o standarmdatenalforPFDS iswailableC.ompoimd identificatiisboansedm reasmiabmlteenhonU= andreasonabldeau&a ionspectr= Untisl=Llrd niaterwisavailable, identificatoifotnhisamlyw shouldbeconsideretdobePreliminary. QuandtafiofnorPFOS was ronductedby monitorintgheftansiti4o9n94 99.Some positivienterfem= was obsmvedwhen monitorintghe499 4 80transitiionnthebirdlivemratrixTransitiopnarameterfsor theod= targeatnalytmarelistebdelow. VAN 3AdE?MROJVME?VTALLABORA TORY REPORTNO.FACT-GENOIO Table1:AnalytTeransitifoonrsBPLC-ESMMS Analysis Compound Primary ion Transition Monitored PFOS 499 PFOSA 498 PFOSAA 594 M556 556 M570 570 POAA 413 99 78 169 169 169. 169 M513 469 169 PFHS 399 99 PFDS 599 99 With theexceptionofmost oftheSantihiClmlm and a singleBrown Pelicanfrom Californiat,heextracts from thelh= ofallofthebirdswere determinedto containPFOS abovethemethod limitofquandtation (NOL =10 ppb).ExM= fromtheliverosffl= of 15 SanfihiCl@la= showed some PFOS; two ofthese wtm= containedPFOS levelvseryneartheMDL. Extractsfrom oneBrandt'sCormorantfrom San Diego,CA and oneWhitePelicanf,rom Calipat* CA showed PFOS levelsingreatexcessofthosedetm=ed intheextractfsrom otherbu-dsvathm thesame cL%Wficatim(>20xforthecormorantand nearlylOx forthepelican)I.fthesetwo outlyingpointsare removed and PFOS levelwsithina particulacrli&uficatimareaveraged,some generalobservationbsased on thegeographicalocatioonfthebirds'habitatcanbe madr- With thecxoeptim oftheQ@qndhilCranes,ingenmul liverfrom birdscollectefdrom thewesternUS (San Diego,CA, Calip=* CA,) show relativeloyw levelosfPFOS, wiffain averageoflessthan50 ppb. Lwm from birdsoollecteodn theEastCoastoftheUS Cvfumi@Naples,and Ft Lauderdale,FL) show moderate PFOS levelsM,=)d@ 105 ppb. Extractfsrom birdHverscou=tod fromtheCentraUlS (LA and NV) were dewrmined tocontainthehighestlevelsofPFOS, approximately300 ppb. Itisunlikeltyhatthechffmm= associatewdithPFOS levelisnthehversarepurelya functionof sp=es. In more thanone instancet,hesame speciesofbirdhvmg ina differmictmmnment showed sigmficantly dlff=ntPFOS levelsF.orexample,livercsollectefdrom whitepehmm inCaliforniwaere determinedto containan averagePFOS ooncmi=fion of58 ppb,whilelivercsollectefdrom White PelicansinNevada showed avemge PFOS Levelsofover 350 ppb. SandhillCmnes arean oweptionto thisobsen-adon,asthe liverfsrom thesebirdswere determinedtobe uniformlylow inPFOS, regardlesosfthegeographiclocation of thebirds. With theexceptionoftheSandhin Cranes,livereamcts from atleastone ofthetwo birdsscreenedvaddn eachclassificatwieorne detmuined tocontainPFDS. Livero=a= from severalspeciesi,ncluding1 ,,,mrlhiClrlane,were detmmined tocontaina smallamount ofPFHS. Nearly20*/ofthelivercxn= were ddmmmedto ec)ntamammU amount ofPFOSA. NoPOAAM513,M556,M570,orPFOSAAwas ddectedinffilcivemr=m from ariyofthebirds. 3MD@rMONMENTAL LABOPA7'ORY REPORT iVO.FACT-GENOI 0 Thm datiandicattheasptotentgieaolgraphtircendasssociatweidththeenvironmendtiasltnbutoifoPnFOS and otherfluorochmmcalsmay be traceablbey charaamizatlonoflow-levelofthesecompounds inanimal fime mmples. liusreportrenem themost accuratdeataavailablaetthistlme.AU numbersshouldbe consideredtobe sennquargi=ive. ............................................................................................................................................................................................... ..am ........................... Ilusdataindicatetshatpotentiagleogm*c tm& associatewdiththeerrvimrumerldtiasltributioofnPFOS may be traceablbey characterizatioofnlow-level in ds= samples. ................................... Samplesand =tacts willbe retainefdorfut= evaluationi,fnecessary. 9.1 Attachment A: Tablesof Qualitativaend QuantitativReesultsfrom theAnalysisof Liver Sampl es 9.2 Attachment B: DefinitionosfFluorochemicalAcronyms 9.3 Attachment C: Sample descriptioannd sample receiptdata 9.4 Attachment D: Exftactimand Analyticadlata HaroldJohnson,AnA@@ Ch=iist q(z5 Date Kfislbnscn,PILD.,PrincipaAln*fical Investigator Date io/07 '99 08:43 ID:3M ET&S 42-2E FAX:612-778-4468 Analysisof Wild Bird Livers. notdetectedNA notanalyzedx detectedLOQ- LimitofQtmndtation d 14 Sampla Specie No. I SLndhilClrane 2 SandhillCmne 3 SandhillCmne 4 SandhilClmne 5 SandbCimlnls 6 SLndbilClmo 7 SandhillCmne 8 SandbillCmne to9 SandhillCmno SandhillCmns II White Pelican 12 White Pelican 13 While Pelican 1-4 White Peliran 15 White Pelican 16 Bmndet Cot7nomni 17 Bmndrs Cormorant Is Bmdet Cormorant 19 Bmndes Comomat 20 Br&ndVi Cormorant 21 Dbi.CrestedCormorant 22 Dbi.CrestedComemnt 23 Dbi.CrestedCormomni i4-- Dbi,CrestedCormorant 25_ Dbi.CrestedCormorant 26 -arPo-wCn)ICan 27 Brown Pelican 29 Brown Pelican -T9- Brown Pelican 30 Brown Pelican 31 SandhillCmne 32 SandhilClrat 33 SandhillCmnc 3435 SandhlllCrane SandhillCmne 36 Dbi.CrestedCormorant r3-7 Dbl.CrestedCormorant 38 bl.CrestedCormorant 39 Dbi.CrestedCormorant 40 Dbi.Cr 71 42 43 44 Zs-- 46 47 48 Bro-n Pelican .,Brown Pelican Brown Pelicu Brown Pelican Brown Pelican -ormeatlueHerce GreatBlue Hemn GreatBlu*Hemn 49_ Ofeatlu@e Hgmu@ 50 -GreatBlueHeron si Wto peucan 52 - White Pe@le-&-a 53 White Pelican- 54 White Pelican ss White Pelican 56 -Brown Pelican 9-row-tk Pelican Brown Pelican Brown Pelican -Brown Pelican Location Kes6mey,NE Keamey, Keomty.NEKoomty, Koamey.u ChoW." Co- AZ ChochiptCo..AZ Chochip Co.,AZ Chochiso Co.,6z Chochist-Co.A.Z -ralipstriCkA CiLtiostrICAAL Cal!DatriCLA CalivatriLCA CtAlit)MUiLCA San DieitoCA San Dietc, CA San Ditto,CA San Dleste,CA San DleitoC,A St.ManinvilleL,A St.ManinvilleL,A St.ManLnvUll LA St.Martinylile-LA St.MartinvillLeA, Miami, F Miami, FL Miami, FL Miami FL Miami, FL VjklcnieCso.,NM VilenicsCo.,?;M Soco;;3'C-oN.M, socoffoCo.,NM VatenicaCo.,NM Naeles,FL I Naples,FL PFOS IPFBSA PFHS PFDS ppb Dvb 4- -1-<Loo <LOO -<L;oo NA N.A <LOO <LOO 0 <<LLO OO -<<LLWo-o- -NlAi@LC MA NA <LOO <LOO 0 MA <LOO 0 MA <LOO <L MA <LOQ <LOQ NA NA <LOO <L NA -NA 35 .@L-00 x x 1293 <LOQ X- 29 <LOO NA NA 15 <LOO NA NA 153 <LOQ MA MA 53 to 0 x 46 31 NA NA 46 34 NA NA so 13 MA NA 205L_ 94 x x 59 20 x x 145 7 0 x 333 23 NA NA 76 <LOQ MA NA 170 I<LOO MA NA 1()6 58 0 X_ 134 11 0 x 125 10 NA MA 159 47 NA NA 48 1 NA NA <LOO <LOO o <LOO <LOQ if <LOO <L(>Q NA XA <L29- <LOQ NA NA 2Q <LOQ MA NA 212 9 1 x 10 t 4<-L-(Z Naples,FL 52 <LOO NA NA Naples,FL too 35 NA NA Naples,FL 152 24 NA NA CalioattiCaA. 16_ <LOQ x x Ia.CA 36 <LOQ 0 NA CaliiDetriCaA. <LOQ <Loo NA- NA Cal!patd&-CA 6 <LOQ NA NA CalipatriCaA, 32 -cL22 N St.ManinvilleL,A IRS <LDQ N x St.MartinvillLeA. 59 <LOQ to- x St.ManinvilleL,A 1061 19 NA 'NA St.M&ninville,LA 261 a NA NA St.Maninville,LA 173 12 1 NA NA FallonNV 141 <LOQ IN x Fallon,NV 362 <LOQ x- x Fation.N-V 927 -<LOQ NA NA FallonN,V 133 <LOQ NA NA Fallon'NV 291 -<LOQ NA NA Ft.Ls'uLderdalFeL, 194 11 x Ft.Lauderdale,FL 75 a N x Ft.La@d rr@d 71 <LOQ NA NA Ft.LBuderdi'seleF,L 31 <LOQ NA NA FL LauderdaIle,FL 91 8 NA 14 14 14 3M Environmental Lab -FluorineAnalyticalChemistry Team Semi-quantitae msultsoftheanalysiosfwildbirdlivers SAAULE NLRMBER SPECLES 4291001 4291008 4291009 4291021 4291058 undhincrane sandhi=lolc sandhiucrane sandhiu c sandhi=lnlc 4296009 4296009 4296014 sandhilclrane sandhiucmne sandhiucmnc 4296017 4296018 undhilclrane sandhiclnl= 4337001 _ 4337003 whitepeliun wliitPcelican 4337004 4337017 _ 4337018 whitepelican VA@tepelican whitepeliC4Ln 4306020 4306021 4306022 4306051 4306056 4312001 4312002 4312005 4312006 4312007 4360020 4360021 4360022 4360023 4360024 4295007 4295009 4295014 4295017 4295018 brandv&camorant brandvscormorant brandvcsc=omt brandvwsmomt br&ndv&cormorant double-cmtedcormorant double-cmtzcdmmorlnt double-creatceodrmorant doubla-m=tcwd=ormt double-cmtedcormorant brownppeclliiccaann brown bmwn Pebeam bmwn pelican bmwn pelican sandhilclrane undbiucrane undhilclme sandhiucmne undhw crane 4392003 double-crestceodmorarit 4392004 double-=tcdcormorant 4392005 double-crcatccodrmorant 4392006 double-cr=tecdormorant 4392007 double-mwtedcormorant 4336003 _ brownpelican 4336006 brownpelican 4336010 _ brownpelican 4336012 bmwn pelican 4336013 brownpelican 4311003 greatbluehcron 4311005 greatbluebcron 4311006 g=t bluehe= 4311007 greatbluebcron 4311009 p=t bluebcron 4328007 whitepclir-an 4329053 whitepclican 4328054 whitepelican 4329056 whitepelican 4326057 whitepelican 4378005 brownpelican 4378011 bmwn pelican 4378013 brownvchc4n 4378014 brownpclican 4-3780@16- -- br-mpCliC4M Avenge vhcn outlicanm excluded LC)Q - limiotfquantitati(oanppr= 6 ppb) Liver Liver Avg. LOCATION [PFOS)ppb IPFOSAIppb [PFOSIppb Kearney,NE 41 Kearney,NE <LOQ Kearney,NE <,OQ Kcamcy,NE <LOQ Kearney,NE <DQ COQMBC Co.,AZ <IOQ <100 <LOQ <-OQ <Log @LOQ <-OQ CochiseCo.,AZ <IOQ I <@OQ CochiseCo.,AZ <,OQ tLoo CochiseCo.,AZ <LOQ CochiseCo.,AZ <LOQ .4,OQ <LOQ <@OQ Calipab*CA 35 <LOQ CalipatriCaA, 1293 <,OQ Calipab*CA 29 <LOQ Calipab*CA 15 <IOQ C&IipatriCaA, 155 <LOQ 305 San Diego,CA 53 so S&nDicgo,CA- 46 31 San Diego,CA 46 34 San Diego,CA so 13 San Diego,CA 2055 94 456 SL Madin%iUc,LA 59 20 SL MartinvillLeA, 145 7 StNtatirAleL,A 333 23 SL MArtinviUcL,A 76 <LOQ SL @&dinvilleL,A 170 <-OQ 157 Nfiam@FL 106 59 Nfim-,@FL 134 11 Nfim@ FL 125 10 MwT@, FL 159 47 NfianiFLL 48 11 115 ValenicCao.,NM <.OQ <,OQ ValenicsCo.,@OA <IOQ <IOQ SocorroCo.,NM <,OQ @LOQ SocorroCo.,NM <LOQ :LOQ ValenicCao.,W <LOQ <LOQ <IOQ Naples,FL 212 9 Naples,FL Naples,FL Naples,FL 10 <-OQ 52 1 <LOQ 100 35 Naples,FL 152 24 105 lipatriCaA, 16 <-OQ C41ipatriCaA, 36 <100 C&IipatriCaA, <,OQ <LOQ CiLlipstrCiAa, 6 <,OQ CalipatriCaA, 32 SL MadimilleL,A 198 SL NlartinvilLlAc, 59 <IOQ < 22 <LOQ CLOQ SL MadirMle,LA 1061 19 SL N4artinvilLlAe, 261 8 SL MaftinviUcL,A 173 12 348 F&Uon,NV 141 <,OQ FallonN,V 362 <,OQ FallonN,V 927 <,OQ FallosNkV 133 <LOQ Falim NV 291 <LOQ 371 FL LauderdaleF,L 194 11 FL LauderdaleF,L 75 8 FL lauderdalFeL, 71 :LOQ FL LauderdaleF,L 31 :LOQ FLLauderdalFeL, ---.:9 8 1 92 MS-SandhilClrane 77% 96% MSD-SandhiU Crane 64% 64% Avg. [PFOS]ppbl <,OQ <LOQ 59 56 157 115 CLOQ 105 22 348 371 92 Qualitatarievseulotfstheanalysoifswildbirdlivers SANTLE Liver IIUIMER SPECIES LOCAnOll IPFOSI ppl, PFHSI PFDS? 4291001 4291008 4291009 sandhilelme sandhillcrane sandhillemne Kearney,NE Kearney,NE Kearney,NE 41 <,OQ <,OQ x notmeasured notmeasured NNW 4291021 sandWI Ora= Kearney,NE <,OQ I notmeasured notmeasured 4291059 san&M crane Kcamay, NE <:LOQ not measured not-measmd 4296008 sandhilelme CochiseCo.,AZ <LOQ x 4296009 swdhw erme CochiseCo.,AZ <,OQ x 4296014 sanffitci;Ze- CocliisCeo.,AZ <,OQ not measured notmeasured 4296017 sandhillcrane CochiseCo.,AZ <LOQ not measured notmeasured 4296018 --San&LiH a CochiscCo.,AZ <IOQ not measured notmclnucd 4337001 whitepelican CalipatriCaA, 35 1 x x 4337003 Vhdtcpclican CalipatriCaA, 1358 x x 4337004 vildtpcclicjm CalipatriCaA, 30 notmeasured notmeasured 4337017 vihitpcelican CalipatriaC,A 17 riotmeasured notmeasured 4337018 4306020 4306621 4306022 4306051 vhiitepeliem brands cormorard brandescormorant brandt!csormorant brandescormorant CalipatjiCaA, San Diego,CA San Diego,CA San Diego,CA San Diego,CA 167 -notmcaturcd notmeasured 57 1 x 50 notmcammd I notmeasured 46 notmeasured notmeasured 95 notmeasured notmeasured 4306056 4312101 4312002 4312005 4312006 bran&s cormorant double-crestecdormorant double-crvaedcormo, double-L@ comormt double-crestecdormorant San Diego,CA SL MartinvillLeA, SL MartinvillLeA, SL MartinvillLeA, SL MartinvillLeA, 2176 x x 61 x x 149 x 336 notmeasured notmeasured 78 notmeasured I notmeasured 4112117 doubl-rcftdM=.ront SL MartinvillLeA, 178 notmeasured I notmeasured 4360020 4360021 4360022 4360023 brown pefican brown pclicaa brown pelican brown pclican Nfinni@FL NEam@ FL Mami, FL Nfiami,FL 115 x 149 x 126 notmeasured notmeasured 166 notmeasured notmeasured 436DO24 4295007 brown pelic4o tandhibcrane Nfian@,FL ValcnicaCo.,NM 49 notmeasured notme4uumd 11 4295008 4295017 4295018 4295014 4392003 4392OD4 4392005 4392006 4392007 4336003 4336006 4336010 4336012 4336013 4311003 4311005 4311006 4311007 4311009 4328007 4328053 4329054 4329056 4326057 4378005 4379011 4379013 sandbilelra= un&dll ema xandliiclrlane undbih crane double-c@ cormorant double-c@ cormorant double-mrstedcormorani double-c@ cormorant double-cr@ cormmad brown polic-an brown pclic4m brown pclioan brown pelican brmm pelican greatbl@Wherm rest bluehemn gmat blueheron gmat blueheron greatbluehcron whiteDclican whitepelican wwte pclican whitepelican whitepelIC4M brown pchcm brown veliC4M bre" pelican ValenicaCo.,NM SocorroCo.,NM ValenicaCo.,NM SooorroCo.,NM Naples,FL Naples,FL Naplcs,FL Naples,FL Naples,FL CalipatriaC,A CalipatriaC,A CalipatriaC,A CalipatriaC,A CalipatrimC,A St MwtinviUc,LA SL MartinvillLeA, SL MartinvillLeA, SL MutinviUc,LA St MartinvillIeA, FallonN,V FaIlM NV Fallm NV FallonN,V FallonN,V FL LauderdaleF,L Ft.LauderdaleF,L Ft.lAuderdaIrFlL 9 <LOQ <LOQ <,OQ 226 I1 54 103 154 16 37 <LOQ 7 33 202 61 1143 274 178 146 368 941 141 294 212 76 72 notmeasured notmeasured notmeasured *0 notmeasured notmeasured notmeasured x notmemurcd notmeasured notmeasured notmeasured 1 notmeaswcd not measured x notmcu=d not measured notmeasured x 0* notmeasured notmeasured notmeasured notmeasured x not ;casu-red not measured not mcanzmd x x not measured notmeasured notmeasured x x notmc-sumd notmeasured not@@ x x not measured not measured not measured x x not measured 4379014 4379016 j __ brown pelican brown pelium Ft.L4wdcrdalc,FL Ft.LauderdaleF,L 32 notmeasured notmeanuzd 94 notmeasured notmcuured X detected ** - notdetected PFOSAA, M556, M570, POAA, and ?&13 were not detectedinthe liversofany bW& 3M EnvironmentalLab - FluorineAnalyticalChemistry Team R4 PFS's PFHS perfluorohexanesulfonate C6Fl3SO3- PFOS perfluorooctanesulfonate C8Fl7SO3- PFOSA C8Fl7SO2NH2 PFOSAA C8Fl7SO2N((CH2CH3)(CH2COo))- M556 C8Fl7SO2N((H)(CH2COO))- M570 C8Fl7SO2N((CH3)(CH2COo))- PFOSEA perfluorooctanesulfonyleatmhiydle C8Fl7SO2N((CH2CH3)(M) ET-FOSE-OH C8Fl7SO2N((CH2CH-3)(CH2CH20M) PIFDS perfluorodecanesulfonate ClOF21SO3-** PFCA's POAA M513 M613 M463 M563 M363 perfluorooetanoate perfluorodecanoate perfluorododecanoate C7Fl5COOC9Fl9COOCllF23COOC8Fl7COOClOF21COOC6Fl3COO- PFS = perfluorinatesdulfoante PFCA = perfluorinatecdarboxyucacid no standardmaterialavailablfeor confirmation;